WO2016078158A1 - 可穿戴式人体多维度跌倒预防和检测装置及其检测方法 - Google Patents

可穿戴式人体多维度跌倒预防和检测装置及其检测方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016078158A1
WO2016078158A1 PCT/CN2014/092965 CN2014092965W WO2016078158A1 WO 2016078158 A1 WO2016078158 A1 WO 2016078158A1 CN 2014092965 W CN2014092965 W CN 2014092965W WO 2016078158 A1 WO2016078158 A1 WO 2016078158A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
information
wearer
module
human body
microprocessor
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Application number
PCT/CN2014/092965
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张贯京
Original Assignee
深圳市前海安测信息技术有限公司
深圳市易特科信息技术有限公司
深圳市贝沃德克生物技术研究院有限公司
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Publication of WO2016078158A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016078158A1/zh

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
    • G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
    • G08B21/04—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to non-activity, e.g. of elderly persons
    • G08B21/0407—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to non-activity, e.g. of elderly persons based on behaviour analysis
    • G08B21/043—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to non-activity, e.g. of elderly persons based on behaviour analysis detecting an emergency event, e.g. a fall
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
    • G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
    • G08B21/04—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to non-activity, e.g. of elderly persons
    • G08B21/0438—Sensor means for detecting
    • G08B21/0446—Sensor means for detecting worn on the body to detect changes of posture, e.g. a fall, inclination, acceleration, gait
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
    • G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
    • G08B21/04—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to non-activity, e.g. of elderly persons
    • G08B21/0438—Sensor means for detecting
    • G08B21/0469—Presence detectors to detect unsafe condition, e.g. infrared sensor, microphone

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of medical technology, and in particular, to a wearable human body multi-dimensional fall prevention and detection device and a detection method thereof.
  • the main object of the present invention is to solve the technical problem that the prior art cannot effectively and comprehensively predict and prevent the safety of the elderly.
  • the present invention provides a wearable human body multi-dimensional fall prevention and detection device, which includes a wearing body and a microprocessor disposed on the wearing body. a positioning module, an altitude sensing module, an ultrasonic module, a motion sensing module, a physical sign detecting module, a reminding module and a display module respectively electrically connected to the microprocessor, wherein:
  • the positioning module is configured to acquire the current geographic location information of the wearer and send the information to the microprocessor;
  • the altitude sensing module is configured to sense altitude information of the wearer and send the information to the microprocessor;
  • the ultrasonic module is configured to acquire road condition information of a current environment of the wearer and height information of the wearer from the ground and send the information to the microprocessor;
  • the motion sensing module is configured to acquire motion information of the wearer and send the information to the microprocessor;
  • the sign detection module is configured to detect the wearer's vital sign information and send the information to the microprocessor;
  • the microprocessor is configured to process the received geographical location information, altitude information, road condition information, altitude information from the ground, motion information and/or physical information, and send the information to the display module for display, and also for The geographic location information, the altitude information, the road condition information, the altitude information from the ground, the motion information, and the physical information determine that the wearer is in danger and/or fall, and the reminder module is controlled to perform the reminder.
  • the microprocessor is further configured to:
  • Receiving road condition information sent by the ultrasonic module determining, according to the road condition information, whether the wearer is in a dangerous geographical environment, and if so, controlling the reminding module to perform a reminder;
  • the road condition information is transmitting an ultrasonic signal through the ultrasonic module, and detecting the reflected ultrasonic wave Distance information between the wearer and the obstacle determined by the time interval of the signal;
  • the microprocessor is further configured to:
  • the microprocessor is further configured to:
  • the motion sensing module including the tilt angle, the speed and the acceleration of the human body, and comparing the tilt angle, the speed and the acceleration of the human body with the corresponding preset safety ranges respectively; when the tilt angle, the speed and the acceleration of the human body are not in advance
  • the safety range is set, it is determined that the wearer falls, and the reminder module is controlled to perform the reminder.
  • the microprocessor is further configured to:
  • Receiving the vital sign information sent by the sign detection module determining whether the wearer's body is in a dangerous state according to the wearer's physical signs, and if so, controlling the reminder module to perform the reminder.
  • the wearable human body multi-dimensional fall prevention and detection device further comprises a communication module electrically connected to the microprocessor, the communication module is configured to:
  • the danger alert information and/or the fall alert information is sent to the remote terminal.
  • the ultrasonic module comprises an ultrasonic transmitting circuit and an ultrasonic receiving circuit, and the time interval between the ultrasonic wave emitted by the ultrasonic transmitting circuit and the ultrasonic receiving circuit is measured to calculate the distance of the human body from the obstacle and the height from the ground. .
  • the reminding module includes at least one of a voice reminding unit, a vibration reminding unit, and a light reminding unit.
  • the wearable human body multi-dimensional fall prevention and detection device further comprises a button module electrically connected to the microprocessor.
  • the wearable human body multi-dimensional fall prevention and detection device further comprises a regulated power supply circuit.
  • the vital sign detecting module comprises a physical sign detecting unit, a filtering unit, an amplifying unit and an analog to digital converting unit which are electrically connected in sequence.
  • the present invention also provides a detection method applied to the above-described wearable human body multi-dimensional fall prevention and detection device, the detection method comprising:
  • the current location information, the altitude information, the road condition information, the height information from the ground, the motion information and the physical sign information of the wearer are obtained by the positioning module, the altitude sensing module, the ultrasonic module, the motion sensing module, and the physical sign detecting module;
  • the microprocessor receives the geographical location information, the altitude information, the road condition information, the height information from the ground, the motion information, and the vital sign information, and determines whether the wearer is in danger according to the geographical location information, the road condition information, and the physical condition information, according to The altitude information, the road condition information, the height information from the ground, and the motion information determine whether the wearer falls;
  • the microprocessor controls the reminder module to alert when it is determined that the wearer is in danger and/or falls.
  • the step of determining, by the microprocessor, whether the wearer is in danger according to the geographical location information, the road condition information and the physical condition information comprises:
  • the microprocessor receives the road condition information sent by the ultrasonic module, and determines, according to the road condition information, whether the wearer is in a dangerous geographical environment; the road condition information is determined by transmitting an ultrasonic signal by the ultrasonic module and detecting a time interval of the reflected ultrasonic signal. Distance information between the wearer and the obstacle;
  • the microprocessor receives the vital sign information sent by the sign detection module, and determines whether the wearer's body is in a dangerous state according to the wearer's physical signs.
  • the step of determining, by the microprocessor, whether the wearer falls according to the altitude information and the motion information comprises:
  • the microprocessor receives the altitude information of the wearer sent by the altitude sensing module, and the height information of the wearer from the ground sent by the ultrasonic module, according to the altitude information and the height information of the wearer from the ground. Ratio, determining whether the wearer falls, and controlling the reminder module to make a reminder after determining that the wearer has fallen;
  • the microprocessor receives the motion information sent by the motion sensing module including the tilt angle, the speed and the acceleration of the human body, and compares the tilt angle, the speed and the acceleration of the human body with the corresponding preset safety range respectively; when the tilt angle, speed and acceleration of the human body The wearer is determined to have fallen when it is not within the preset safety range.
  • the detecting method further includes:
  • the communication module establishes a communication connection with the remote terminal, and sends the geographical location information, the altitude information, the road condition information, the height information from the ground, the motion information, and the physical sign information to the remote terminal;
  • the danger alert information and/or the fall alert information is sent to the remote terminal.
  • the invention relates to a wearable human body multi-dimensional fall prevention and detection device and a detection method, which can display and remind a geographical location when the wearer walks to a dangerous place; or, by performing altitude information and motion information
  • the current state of the wearer can also be judged, such as whether the wearer is about to fall, etc., thereby prompting the wearer; or, by using obstacle information such as obstacle distance, height information from the ground, motion information, or altitude information
  • the current state of the wearer can also be judged, such as whether the wearer is about to fall, etc., thereby prompting the wearer; or, by using the physical information to judge the current state of the wearer, and then prompting, when the reminder module
  • the wearer can also take corresponding self-rescue measures, such as notifying the distant family members or directly asking for help from passers-by, to avoid accidents to the utmost, and basically wear them.
  • the travel safety is effective
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of functional modules of a first embodiment of a wearable human body multi-dimensional fall prevention and detection device according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of the positioning module of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of the altitude sensing module of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an ultrasonic transmission circuit of the ultrasonic module of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an ultrasonic receiving circuit of the ultrasonic module of Figure 1;
  • Figure 6 is a circuit diagram of the motion sensing module of Figure 1;
  • Figure 7 is a waveform diagram of the output pulse of Figure 6;
  • Figure 8 is a circuit diagram of the heart rate detecting module for measuring heart rate
  • Figure 9 is a circuit diagram of the body temperature detecting module for measuring body temperature
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of functional modules of a second embodiment of a wearable human body multi-dimensional fall prevention and detection device according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of functional modules of the sign detection module shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic flow chart of a first embodiment of a detecting method according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic flow chart of a second embodiment of a detecting method according to the present invention.
  • the wearable human body multi-dimensional fall prevention and detection device includes:
  • the positioning module 20 is configured to acquire the current geographic location information of the wearer and send the information to the microprocessor 10
  • the altitude sensing module 30 is configured to sense the altitude information of the wearer and send the information to the microprocessor 10
  • the ultrasonic module 40 is configured to acquire road condition information of the environment in which the wearer is currently located and height information of the wearer from the ground, and send the information to the microprocessor 10.
  • the motion sensing module 50 is configured to acquire motion information of the wearer and Sent to the microprocessor 10
  • the sign detection module 60 is configured to detect the wearer's vital sign information and send it to the microprocessor 10
  • the microprocessor 10 is configured to use the received geographic location information, altitude The height information, the road condition information, the height information from the ground, the motion information and/or the sign information are processed and sent to the display module 80 for display;
  • the microprocessor 10 is configured to receive the geographical location information, the altitude information, Road condition information, height information from the ground, motion information and/or sign information are processed and sent to the display module 80 for display, and also used in the base area.
  • Position information, altitude information, traffic information, height information from the ground, the motion information and sign information is determined and the wearer or dangerous / fall control module 70 reminder alert.
  • the motion information includes an angle, a speed, and an acceleration of the tilt of the human body, wherein the acceleration is a biaxial acceleration, including accelerations in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction;
  • the physical information includes but is not limited to body temperature, heart rate, and may include other Signs of information such as blood pressure.
  • the positioning module 20 can be a GPS module or a Beidou module to instantly obtain the geographical location information of the wearer.
  • the electronic map function is used, and the acquired geographical location information is received by the microprocessor. After processing 10, it is displayed on the display module 80 in the form of an electronic map. While obtaining the geographical location information of the wearer, combined with the electronic map, when the wearer is in front of a dangerous geographical environment, the wearer can be reminded to prevent the wearer from walking into the dangerous geographical environment.
  • the latitude and longitude information obtained by positioning the GPS module or the Beidou module is filtered and then RF.
  • the I2C interface circuit reads, sends the read geographical location information to the microprocessor 10 for processing, and then cooperates with the electronic map function to remind or display the position of the wearer, and reminds through the reminder module 70 Whether the wearer is in a dangerous position.
  • the driving voltage of the altitude sensing module 30 is a DC voltage of no more than 10 volts, the ripple of the driving voltage is less than 100 millivolts, and the output sensitivity of the altitude sensor is less than 2 microvolts.
  • the altitude sensing module 30 is capable of high vertical positioning by measuring atmospheric pressure with a measurement error of less than 10 mm.
  • the altitude sensing module 30 uses an atmospheric pressure sensor that measures the atmospheric pressure using a pressure sensor, and calculates a height based on the measured value of the atmospheric pressure, and the height ranges from 0 to 2 m.
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of an atmospheric pressure sensor, and the microprocessor 10 reads an altitude measurement signal through SDA and SCL. Specifically, in this embodiment, the height is measured by measuring the atmospheric pressure, and the specific calculation formula is as follows.
  • p is the atmospheric pressure measurement
  • p0 is the sea level pressure value
  • altitude is the sea level height value
  • the measurement of the sea level of the wearer's body is decisive for the fall of the human body, because the height of the sea level of the wearer can be used to preliminarily determine the posture of the wearer's body, such as the wearer standing, sitting or lying down, and then with other
  • the module such as the combined motion sensing module, can further determine the wearer's posture and its state, for example, can determine whether the wearer is lying on the bed, standing on the ground or in a dangerous area, thereby further reminding of danger.
  • the ultrasonic module 40 measures the distance of the human body from the obstacle and the height from the ground by measuring the time interval between the sending and receiving of the ultrasonic waves, and the ultrasonic module 40 can timely measure and find out whether the road condition is not good.
  • the reminder module 70 is controlled by the microprocessor 10 to make a reminder, which is of great significance to an elderly person with poor vision and can provide real-time warning for the elderly.
  • the ultrasonic module 40 measures the distance between the body and the ground, and combines with the altitude sensing module 30 to perform comprehensive judgment, can determine whether the wearer falls, and is reminded by the reminding module 70 when falling; the ultrasonic module 40 The combination with the motion sensing module 50 can accurately determine the body posture of the wearer, in particular, whether the wearer falls; the ultrasonic module 40 can be combined with the positioning module 20 to obtain the walking route of the wearer; when the wearer is in the building Through the ultrasonic module 40, the altitude sensing module 30, and the positioning module 20, The exact location of the wearer.
  • the ultrasonic module 40 includes an ultrasonic transmitting circuit and an ultrasonic receiving circuit.
  • U1, U2, U4 and U7 constitute a driving circuit of the ultrasonic transmitting tube, and the function of the 74HC04 is to increase the driving. Ability and filter out glitch signals.
  • Figure 5 is an ultrasonic receiving circuit. After receiving the ultrasonic signal, the ultrasonic signal is amplified and filtered by a secondary low-amplifier amplifier and output to the sampling circuit of R26 and R27.
  • R26 is a sampling resistor, and the voltage signal of the resistor continues to be output to the filtering and amplification. And in the conversion circuit.
  • the ratio of the altitude information to the height information of the wearer from the ground is used to determine whether the wearer falls or not, when the wearer stands normally. Calculating the ratio of the altitude information to the height information of the wearer from the ground. Since the ultrasonic module 40 has a detection dead zone, when the wearer falls and the height from the ground is too low, the ultrasonic module 40 cannot obtain the wearer from the ground. The height information, therefore, by the ratio of the altitude information to the height information of the wearer from the ground, the height of the wearer can be determined when the wearer falls, thereby determining whether the wearer falls and passing the microprocessor 10 when determining the fall.
  • the control reminder module 70 performs a reminder.
  • the combination of the motion sensing module 50 with other modules can result in more accurate body state information.
  • the vital sign detection module can be used to detect body temperature, heart rate, and vital signs such as blood pressure.
  • Heart rate measurement uses a technique of measuring heart rate by infrared light, which is achieved by measuring the fluctuation signal of infrared light.
  • U16 and U15 are infrared light emitting and receiving tubes with a wavelength of 700 nm.
  • the reflected infrared light is converted into an electrical signal after being received by U15, and the signal is output to the ADC conversion circuit.
  • the second channel performs ADC conversion into a digital signal for trend judgment, and the two peaks are the peaks of the heart rate, and the heart rate of the human body can be obtained by calculating the time between the two peaks.
  • the control reminder module 70 performs a reminder.
  • Body temperature measurement is the measurement of human body temperature using infrared light measurement temperature technology.
  • the microprocessor 10 reads the measured body temperature data of the human body through SDA and SCL.
  • SDA and SCL the measured body temperature data of the human body
  • the control reminder module 70 performs a reminder.
  • the display module 80 is an ordinary 128 ⁇ 64 LCM, and the button module is a standard 3 ⁇ 4 button keyboard.
  • the button module can select the geographic location information, the altitude information, the road condition information, the height information from the ground, the motion information, the physical information, and the like on the display module 80, and the sound and light can be performed through the reminder module 70. Or vibrate and other reminders.
  • the reminding module 70 includes at least one of a voice reminding unit, a vibration reminding unit, and a light reminding unit.
  • the reminder module 70 may include a buzzer, and the wearable human body multi-dimensional fall prevention and detection device may automatically alert the passerby if the wearer has a dangerous situation but the wearer is unable to make a help. provide help.
  • the wearer when the wearer walks to a dangerous place, the geographic location can be displayed and reminded; or by combining the altitude information and the motion information, the wearer can also The body state is judged, such as whether the wearer is about to fall, etc., thereby prompting the wearer; or, by combining the road condition information such as the obstacle distance, the height information from the ground, the motion information, or the altitude information, the wearer can also The current state of the body is judged, such as whether the wearer is about to fall, etc., thereby prompting the wearer; or, by using the physical information to judge the current state of the wearer, and then prompting, when the reminder module 70 issues the current road condition is dangerous, the body
  • the wearer can also take corresponding self-rescue measures, such as notifying the family members in the distance or directly asking for passers-by, to avoid accidents to the greatest extent, and fundamentally safe for the wearer, especially the elderly. Conduct effective, all
  • the present embodiment is not limited to the combination of the above-described modules, and the combination of the other modules can determine whether the wearer's physical state or whether it is dangerous or the like is also within the scope of protection of the present embodiment.
  • This embodiment can obtain information from multiple dimensions, and effectively and comprehensively predict and prevent the travel safety of the wearer.
  • the wearable human body multi-dimensional fall prevention and detection device further includes a communication module electrically connected to the microprocessor 10. 90, the communication module 90 is configured to establish a communication connection with the remote terminal, and send the geographical location information, altitude information, road condition information, height information from the ground, motion information, and physical condition information to the remote terminal, and When it is determined that the wearer is at risk and/or the wearer falls, the danger alert information and/or the fall alert information is sent to the remote terminal.
  • the communication module 90 can have a wireless communication function, can establish a communication connection with the remote terminal, and then send the geographical location information, the altitude information, the road condition information, the height information from the ground, the motion information, and the vital sign information to the remote terminal. If the geographical location information, altitude information, road condition information, height information from the ground, sports information and physical signs information are sent to the terminal held by the family, the family can know the current position, road condition and wearer of the wearer in real time. The state of the body, etc., and send a danger alert message and/or a fall alert message to the remote terminal when it is determined that the wearer is at risk and/or the wearer falls.
  • the wearable human body multi-dimensional fall prevention and detection device further includes a regulated power supply circuit, and the regulated power supply circuit is the microprocessor 10, the positioning module 20, and the altitude sensing module, respectively. 30.
  • the ultrasonic module 40, the motion sensing module 50, the sign detection module 60, the reminder module 70, the display module 80, and the communication module 90 are powered.
  • the regulated power supply circuit includes a secondary voltage regulator and a filter circuit, and supplies a 3.3 volt analog power supply VCC and a 3.3 volt digital power supply DVCC, respectively, to the analog circuit as a power supply and a digital circuit as a power supply.
  • the sign detection module 60 includes a body sign detecting unit, a filtering unit, an amplifying unit and an analog to digital converting unit that are electrically connected in sequence, and the analog to digital converting unit is electrically connected to the microprocessor 10.
  • the vital sign detecting unit includes a heart rate detecting unit and a body temperature detecting unit.
  • the channel has two channels.
  • the first channel is an access heart rate measuring signal
  • the heart rate measuring signal is connected through the AINP1 and AINN1 endpoints, and passes through R11, R15, and C13.
  • the filter circuit composed of C15 and C19 is filtered.
  • the ADS1232 includes an amplifying circuit and an ADC 24-bit conversion circuit.
  • the heart rate signal is output to the microprocessor 10 through the DOUT and SCLK terminals.
  • the second channel accesses the body temperature measurement signal through the terminal AINP2.
  • AINN2 accesses the body temperature measurement signal, and the signal is filtered by a filter circuit composed of R10, R14, C12, C14, and C18, and is also amplified and converted in the ADS1232, and finally the body temperature measurement signal is output to the microprocessor 10.
  • the present invention also provides a detection method for the above-described wearable human body multi-dimensional fall prevention and detection device. As shown in FIG. 12, in an embodiment, the method includes:
  • Step S101 obtaining, by the positioning module, the altitude sensing module, the ultrasonic module, the motion sensing module, and the sign detection module, the current geographic location information, altitude information, road condition information, height information from the ground, motion information, and physical signs of the wearer. information;
  • Step S102 the microprocessor receives the geographical location information, the altitude information, the road condition information, the height information from the ground, the motion information, and the physical information, and determines whether the wearer is located according to the geographical location information, the road condition information, and the physical condition information. Danger, judging whether the wearer falls according to the altitude information, road condition information, height information from the ground, and motion information;
  • step S103 when it is determined that the wearer is in danger and/or falls, the microprocessor controls the reminder module to make a reminder.
  • a positioning module an altitude sensing module, an ultrasonic module, a motion sensing module, and a physical sign detecting module are disposed in the wearable human body multi-dimensional fall prevention and detection device, and the geographic location information can be obtained through the modules.
  • the positioning module may be a GPS module or a Beidou module to instantly obtain the geographical location information of the wearer, and in the specific use, cooperate with the electronic map function to display in the form of an electronic map, and obtain the current geographical location of the wearer. At the same time of the information, combined with the electronic map, when the wearer is in front of a dangerous geographical environment, the wearer can be reminded to prevent the wearer from walking into the dangerous geographical environment.
  • the altitude sensing module uses an atmospheric pressure sensor, and the atmospheric pressure sensor uses a pressure sensor to measure the atmospheric pressure, and calculates the height according to the measured value of the atmospheric pressure, and the height ranges from 0 to 2 m.
  • the measurement of the sea level of the wearer's body is decisive for the fall of the human body, because the height of the sea level of the wearer can be used to preliminarily determine the posture of the wearer's body, such as the wearer standing, sitting or lying down, and then with other
  • the module can further determine the wearer's posture and its state, for example, it can be judged that the wearer is lying on the bed, standing on the ground or in a dangerous area, thereby further reminding the danger.
  • the ultrasonic module measures the distance of the human body from the obstacle or the distance between the human body and the ground by measuring the time interval between sending and receiving ultrasonic waves. Through the ultrasonic module, it is possible to measure and discover whether the road condition is not good in time, and when it is judged that the wearer is in a dangerous geographical environment, the real-time warning of the potential risk.
  • the ultrasonic module measures the distance between the body and the ground, and the combination with the motion sensing module can accurately determine the wearer's body posture, especially whether the wearer falls.
  • the ultrasonic module combined with the positioning module can obtain the wearer's walking route. When the wearer is in the building, the wearer's accurate position can be obtained by the ultrasonic module, the altitude sensing module and the positioning module.
  • the ratio of the altitude information to the height information of the wearer from the ground is used to determine whether the wearer falls, and when the wearer stands normally, the calculation is performed.
  • the ratio of the altitude information to the height information of the wearer from the ground because the ultrasonic module has a detection dead zone, when the wearer falls and the height from the ground is too low, the ultrasonic module cannot obtain the height information of the wearer from the ground, so By comparing the altitude information with the height information of the wearer from the ground, the height of the wearer can be determined when the wearer falls, thereby determining whether the wearer falls and reminding when the fall is determined.
  • the motion information includes an angle, a speed, and an acceleration of the human body, wherein the acceleration is a biaxial acceleration, including accelerations in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.
  • the motion sensing module uses a two-axis acceleration sensor when measuring the acceleration of the wearer, including measuring horizontal acceleration, vertical acceleration, and body inclination, and comparing with the corresponding preset safety range to determine the wearer. Whether it is currently in a falling state, and then control the reminder module to remind.
  • the vital sign detection module can be used to detect body temperature, heart rate, and blood pressure and other physical signs.
  • Heart rate measurement is a technique for measuring heart rate using infrared light, which is achieved by measuring the infrared light fluctuation signal.
  • Body temperature measurement is the measurement of human body temperature using infrared light measurement temperature technology.
  • Signs information includes, but is not limited to, body temperature, heart rate, and may include other vital signs such as blood pressure.
  • the physical condition information is used to judge whether the wearer's body is in a dangerous state, and if it is in a dangerous state, the reminder module is controlled to perform a reminder.
  • buttons on the wearable human body multi-dimensional fall prevention and detection device geographical location information, altitude information, road condition information, height information from the ground, motion information and physical signs information can be viewed on the display screen, and sound can be performed.
  • Reminder such as light or vibration.
  • the geographical location can be displayed and reminded; or by combining the altitude information and the motion information, the current physical state of the wearer can also be judged. If the wearer is about to fall, etc., the wearer is prompted; or, by combining the road condition information such as the obstacle distance, the height information from the ground, the motion information or the altitude information, the current state of the wearer can also be judged.
  • wearer If the wearer is about to fall, etc., and then prompt the wearer; or, through the physical information to judge the current state of the wearer's body, and then prompt, when the current road conditions are dangerous, poor physical condition, etc., wear Those who can also take corresponding self-rescue measures, such as self-notification of distant family members or direct assistance to passers-by, to avoid accidents to the maximum extent, fundamentally predict and prevent the wearer's travel safety.
  • self-rescue measures such as self-notification of distant family members or direct assistance to passers-by
  • the embodiment is not limited to the combination manner of the above-mentioned detected information, and other combinations of the detected information can determine whether the wearer's physical state or the dangerous combination mode is within the protection range of the embodiment. .
  • This embodiment can obtain information from multiple dimensions, and effectively and comprehensively predict and prevent the travel safety of the wearer.
  • the method further includes:
  • Step S104 the communication module establishes a communication connection with the remote terminal, and sends the geographical location information, altitude information, road condition information, height information from the ground, motion information, and physical condition information to the remote terminal;
  • step S105 when it is determined that the wearer is in danger and/or the wearer falls, the danger prompt information and/or the fall prompt information is sent to the remote terminal.
  • the wearable human body multi-dimensional fall prevention and detection device can establish a communication connection with the remote terminal, and then send the geographical location information, the altitude information, the road condition information, the height information from the ground, the motion information and the physical sign information to the remote terminal, If the geographical location information, altitude information, road condition information, height information from the ground, sports information and physical signs information are sent to the terminal held by the family, the family can know the current position, road condition and wearer of the wearer in real time. The state of the body, etc., and send a danger alert message and/or a fall alert message to the remote terminal when it is determined that the wearer is at risk and/or the wearer falls.

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Abstract

一种可穿戴式人体多维度跌倒预防和检测装置及其检测方法，可穿戴式人体多维度跌倒预防和检测装置包括：佩戴本体及设置于佩戴本体上的微处理器(10)、分别与所述微处理器(10)电连接的定位模块(20)、海拔高度传感模块(30)、超声波模块(40)、运动传感模块(50)、体征检测模块(60)、提醒模块(70)及显示模块(80)，其能够对佩戴者的出行安全进行有效的、全方面预测及防范。

Description

可穿戴式人体多维度跌倒预防和检测装置及其检测方法
技术领域
本发明涉及医疗技术领域，尤其涉及一种可穿戴式人体多维度跌倒预防和检测装置及其检测方法。
背景技术
目前，随着人口老龄化发展和加深，老年人的行动安全问题将会成为当前社会的突出的问题。现有的老人防跌倒的设备几乎没有，在一些现有的研究技术或设备中，大多是在老人跌倒后才能够进行报警和发送求救信号，是一种被动的预防措施，其虽然能够在一定的程度上进行急救以减小风险，但是可能已经对老人造成了无可挽回的伤害，因此，现有技术无法对老人的行动安全进行有效的、全方面预测及防范，具有一定的局限性。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的在于解决现有技术无法对老人的行动安全进行有效的、全方面预测及防范的技术问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供一种可穿戴式人体多维度跌倒预防及其检测装置，所述可穿戴式人体多维度跌倒预防和检测装置包括佩戴本体及设置于佩戴本体上的微处理器、分别与所述微处理器电连接的定位模块、海拔高度传感模块、超声波模块、运动传感模块、体征检测模块、提醒模块及显示模块，其中：
所述定位模块用于获取佩戴者当前的地理位置信息并发送给所述微处理器；
所述海拔高度传感模块用于感应佩戴者的海拔高度信息并发送给所述微处理器；
所述超声波模块用于获取佩戴者当前所处环境的路况信息及佩戴者当前距离地面的高度信息并发送给所述微处理器；
所述运动传感模块用于获取佩戴者的运动信息并发送给所述微处理器；
所述体征检测模块用于检测佩戴者的体征信息并发送给所述微处理器；
所述微处理器用于对所接收的地理位置信息、海拔高度信息、路况信息、距离地面的高度信息、运动信息和/或体征信息进行处理并发送至显示模块进行显示，还用于当根据所述地理位置信息、海拔高度信息、路况信息、距离地面的高度信息、运动信息和体征信息判定佩戴者处于危险和/或跌倒时，控制所述提醒模块进行提醒。
优选地，所述微处理器进一步用于：
接收所述超声波模块发送的路况信息，根据所述路况信息判断佩戴者是否处于危险地理环境，若是，控制所述提醒模块进行提醒；所述路况信息为通过超声波模块发射超声波信号，并检测反射超声波信号的时间间隔所确定的佩戴者与障碍物之间的距离信息；
接收所述定位模块发送的佩戴者当前的地理位置信息，根据该地理位置信息和预置的电子地图判断佩戴者是否处于危险地理环境，若是，控制所述提醒模块进行提醒。
优选地，所述微处理器进一步用于：
接收所述海拔高度传感模块发送的佩戴者的海拔高度信息，以及所述超声波模块发送的佩戴者距离地面的高度信息，根据所述海拔高度信息与佩戴者距离地面的高度信息的比值，判断佩戴者是否跌倒，并在判定佩戴者跌倒后控制所述提醒模块进行提醒。
优选地，所述微处理器进一步用于：
接收运动传感模块发送的包括人体倾斜角度、速度及加速度的运动信息，将人体倾斜角度、速度及加速度分别与对应的预设安全范围进行比较；当人体倾斜的角度、速度及加速度均不在预设安全范围内时，判定佩戴者跌倒，控制所述提醒模块进行提醒。
优选地，所述微处理器进一步用于：
接收所述体征检测模块发送的体征信息，根据佩戴者的体征判断佩戴者的身体是否处于危险状态，若是，则控制所述提醒模块进行提醒。
优选地，所述可穿戴式人体多维度跌倒预防和检测装置还包括与所述微处理器电连接的通讯模块，所述通讯模块用于：
与远程终端建立通信连接，将所述地理位置信息、海拔高度信息、路况信息、距离地面的高度信息、运动信息及体征信息发送至所述远程终端；
在判定佩戴者处于危险和/或佩戴者跌倒时，向远程终端发送危险提示信息和/或跌倒提示信息。
优选地，所述超声波模块包括超声波发射电路及超声波接收电路，通过测量所述超声波发射电路发射超声波及所述超声波接收电路接收超声波的时间间隔，以计算人体离障碍物的距离及离地面的高度。
优选地，所述提醒模块包括语音提醒单元、振动提醒单元及光提醒单元中的至少之一。
优选地，所述可穿戴式人体多维度跌倒预防和检测装置还包括一与微处理器电连接的按键模块。
优选地，所述可穿戴式人体多维度跌倒预防和检测装置还包括一稳压电源电路。
优选地，所述体征检测模块包括依次电连接的体征检测单元、滤波单元、放大单元及模数转换单元。
此外，为实现上述目的，本发明还提供一种应用于上述的可穿戴式人体多维度跌倒预防和检测装置的检测方法，所述检测方法包括：
通过定位模块、海拔高度传感模块、超声波模块、运动传感模块、体征检测模块获取佩戴者当前的地理位置信息、海拔高度信息、路况信息、距离地面的高度信息、运动信息及体征信息；
微处理器接收所述地理位置信息、海拔高度信息、路况信息、距离地面的高度信息、运动信息及体征信息，并根据所述地理位置信息、路况信息和体征信息判断佩戴者是否处于危险，根据所述海拔高度信息、路况信息、距离地面的高度信息和运动信息判断佩戴者是否跌倒；
当判定佩戴者处于危险和/或跌倒时，微处理器控制提醒模块进行提醒。
优选地，所述微处理器根据地理位置信息、路况信息和体征信息判断佩戴者是否处于危险的步骤包括：
微处理器接收所述定位模块发送的佩戴者当前的地理位置信息，根据该地理位置信息和预置的电子地图判断佩戴者是否处于危险地理环境；
微处理器接收所述超声波模块发送的路况信息，根据所述路况信息判断佩戴者是否处于危险地理环境；所述路况信息为通过超声波模块发射超声波信号，并检测反射超声波信号的时间间隔所确定的佩戴者与障碍物之间的距离信息；
微处理器接收所述体征检测模块发送的体征信息，根据佩戴者的体征判断佩戴者的身体是否处于危险状态。
优选地，所述微处理器根据海拔高度信息、运动信息判断佩戴者是否跌倒的步骤包括：
微处理器接收所述海拔高度传感模块发送的佩戴者的海拔高度信息，以及所述超声波模块发送的佩戴者距离地面的高度信息，根据所述海拔高度信息与佩戴者距离地面的高度信息的比值，判断佩戴者是否跌倒，并在判定佩戴者跌倒后控制所述提醒模块进行提醒；
微处理器接收运动传感模块发送的包括人体倾斜角度、速度及加速度的运动信息，将人体倾斜角度、速度及加速度分别与对应的预设安全范围进行比较；当人体倾斜的角度、速度及加速度均不在预设安全范围内时，判定佩戴者跌倒。
优选地，所述的检测方法还包括：
通讯模块与远程终端建立通信连接，将所述地理位置信息、海拔高度信息、路况信息、距离地面的高度信息、运动信息及体征信息发送至所述远程终端；
在判定佩戴者处于危险和/或佩戴者跌倒时，向远程终端发送危险提示信息和/或跌倒提示信息。
本发明一种可穿戴式人体多维度跌倒预防和检测装置及检测方法，当佩戴者行走到危险的地方时，可进行地理位置的显示及进行提醒；或者，通过将海拔高度信息、运动信息进行结合，也可以对佩戴者当前的身体状态进行判断，如佩戴者是否即将跌倒等，进而提示佩戴者；或者，通过将障碍物距离等路况信息、距离地面的高度信息、运动信息或海拔高度信息进行结合，也可以对佩戴者当前的身体状态进行判断，如佩戴者是否即将跌倒等，进而提示佩戴者；或者，通过体征信息对佩戴者当前的身体状态进行判断，然后进行提示，当提醒模块发出当前路况较危险、身体状态不佳等危险信号时，佩戴者也可以采取相应的自救措施，如自行通知远方的家人或者直接求助于路人等，最大限度地避免发生意外，从根本上对佩戴者特别是老人的出行安全进行有效的、全方面预测及防范。
附图说明
图1为本发明可穿戴式人体多维度跌倒预防和检测装置第一实施例的功能模块示意图；
图2为图1中定位模块的电路图；
图3为图1中海拔高度传感模块的电路图；
图4为图1中超声波模块的超声波发射电路图；
图5为图1中超声波模块的超声波接收电路图；
图6为图1中运动传感模块的电路图；
图7为图6中输出脉冲波形图；
图8为体征检测模块测量心率的电路图；
图9为体征检测模块测量体温的电路图；
图10为本发明可穿戴式人体多维度跌倒预防和检测装置第二实施例的功能模块示意图；
图11为图1所示体征检测模块的功能模块示意图；
图12为本发明检测方法第一实施例的流程示意图；
图13为本发明检测方法第二实施例的流程示意图。
本发明目的的实现、功能特点及优点将结合实施例，参照附图做进一步说明。
具体实施方式
应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
本发明提供一种可穿戴式人体多维度跌倒预防和检测装置，参照图1，在一实施例中，该可穿戴式人体多维度跌倒预防和检测装置包括：
佩戴本体（图中未示）及设置于佩戴本体上的微处理器10、分别与所述微处理器10电连接的定位模块20、海拔高度传感模块30、超声波模块40、运动传感模块50、体征检测模块60、提醒模块70、显示模块80；
定位模块20用于获取佩戴者当前的地理位置信息并发送给所述微处理器10，所述海拔高度传感模块30用于感应佩戴者的海拔高度信息并发送给所述微处理器10，超声波模块40用于获取佩戴者当前所处环境的路况信息及佩戴者当前距离地面的高度信息并发送给所述微处理器10，所述运动传感模块50用于获取佩戴者的运动信息并发送给所述微处理器10，所述体征检测模块60用于检测佩戴者的体征信息并发送给所述微处理器10，所述微处理器10用于根据所接收的地理位置信息、海拔高度信息、路况信息、距离地面的高度信息、运动信息和/或体征信息进行处理并发送至显示模块80进行显示；所述微处理器10用于对所接收的地理位置信息、海拔高度信息、路况信息、距离地面的高度信息、运动信息和/或体征信息进行处理并发送至显示模块80进行显示，还用于当根据地理位置信息、海拔高度信息、路况信息、距离地面的高度信息、运动信息和体征信息判定佩戴者处于危险和/或跌倒时，控制提醒模块70进行提醒。
其中，所述运动信息包括人体倾斜的角度、速度及加速度，其中，加速度为双轴加速度，包括水平方向及竖直方向的加速度；所述体征信息包括但不限于体温、心率，还可以包括其他的体征信息，如血压等。
在一优选的实施例中，定位模块20可为GPS模块或北斗模块，即时获取佩戴者当前所在的地理位置信息，在具体使用时，配合电子地图功能，所获取的地理位置信息经微处理器10处理后，以电子地图的形式显示于显示模块80上。在获取佩戴者当前所在的地理位置信息的同时，结合电子地图，当佩戴者前方为危险地理环境时，可向佩戴者进行提醒，以避免佩戴者行走至危险地理环境区域内。
如图2所示，GPS模块或北斗模块经定位得到的经纬度信息经过滤波后由RF IN脚接入，卫星定位的地理位置信息通过SCL3、SDA3 的I2C的接口电路读取，将所读取的地理位置信息发送至微处理器10进行处理后，再配合电子地图功能，可提醒或显示佩戴者的所处的位置，并通过提醒模块70提醒佩戴者所处的位置是否为危险的位置。
在一优选的实施例中，海拔高度传感模块30的驱动电压是不大于10伏的直流电压，驱动电压的纹波小于100毫伏，海拔高度传感器的输出灵敏度小于2微伏。海拔高度传感模块30通过对大气压力的测量，能够进行高度的垂直定位，测量的误差小于10毫米。
具体地，海拔高度传感模块30使用大气压力传感器，大气压力传感器利用压力传感器对大气压力进行测量，根据大气压力的测量值计算出高度，高度范围在0~2m的区间。
如图3所示，图3是大气压力传感器的电路图，微处理器10通过SDA、SCL读取海拔高度测量信号。具体地，本实施例通过对大气压力的测量，进行高度的测量，具体的计算公式如下所示
altitude=44330*[1-(P/ P0) 1/5255]，
其中，p 为大气压力测量值，p0为海平面气压值，altitude 为海平面高度值。
通过佩戴者身体海平面高度测量，对人体防跌倒具有决定性的意义，因为通过佩戴者身体海平面高度，可以初步判断佩戴者身体的姿势，例如佩戴者是站立、坐或躺倒，然后配合其它的模块，如结合运动传感模块可以进一步判断佩戴者姿势及其状态，例如可以判断出佩戴者是躺在床上、站立在地上或是处于危险区域，从而进一步进行危险与否的提醒。
在一优选的实施例中，超声波模块40通过测量发出和接收超声波的时间间隔，来测量人体离障碍物的距离及离地面的高度，通过超声波模块40能够及时的测量和发现路况是否不佳，当判断出佩戴者处于危险地理环境时，通过微处理器10控制所述提醒模块70进行提醒，这对视力不好的老年人来说具有很大的意义，能够为老年人实时的预警潜在的风险；超声波模块40通过测量身体与地面的距离，其和海拔高度传感模块30组合运用来进行综合的判断，能够判断佩戴者是否跌倒，并在跌倒时由提醒模块70进行提醒；超声波模块40和运动传感模块50组合运用能够准确的得出佩戴者的身体姿势，特别是判断佩戴者是否跌倒；超声波模块40结合定位模块20，可以得到佩戴者的行走路线；佩戴者在建筑物中时，通过超声波模块40、海拔高度传感模块30及定位模块20，能够得到佩戴者准确的位置。
如图4及图5所示，超声波模块40包括超声波发射电路及超声波接收电路，图4的超声波发射电路中U1、U2、U4和U7组成了超声发射管的驱动电路，74HC04的作用是增加驱动能力和滤除毛刺信号。图5是超声波接收电路，超声波信号接收后通过二级的低放大倍数的放大器进行放大和滤波后输出到R26、R27的采样电路，R26是采样电阻，该电阻的电压信号继续输出到滤波、放大和转换电路中。
在超声波模块40和海拔高度传感模块30组合运用来判断佩戴者是否跌倒时，根据所述海拔高度信息与佩戴者距离地面的高度信息的比值，判断佩戴者是否跌倒，当佩戴者正常站立时，计算出海拔高度信息与佩戴者距离地面的高度信息的比值，由于超声波模块40存在检测盲区，在佩戴者跌倒而距离地面的高度过低时，则超声波模块40无法获取到佩戴者距离地面的高度信息，因此，通过海拔高度信息与佩戴者距离地面的高度信息的比值，在佩戴者跌倒时可确定其距离地面的高度，从而判断佩戴者是否跌倒，并在判定跌倒时通过微处理器10控制提醒模块70进行提醒。
在一优选的实施例中，如图6及图7所示，在运动传感模块50中，在测量佩戴者的加速度时，使用一种双轴加速度传感器，图6中的 Xout为所检测的水平加速度，Yout为所检测的竖直加速度，Xout或Yout值为：Ax或Ay=(T1/T2-0.5)/0.125。图7为输出脉冲波形图，这里T1是测量的实际值，它是Xout或Yout输出方波的高电平的时间值，T2=R4/125MΩ=5ms,通过在T2脚接入电阻R4来调节T2的周期大小。倾角的大小为：X方向=Sin（Ax/g）；这里Ax为Xout加速度，g为标准重力加速度；Y轴方向=Sin（Ay/g）；Ay为Yout加速度。通过计算X方向和Y方向的加速度，可以获知佩戴者当前身体的状态，然后通过结合X方向和Y方向的倾角的大小，分别与对应的预设安全范围进行比较，可以判断出佩戴者当前是否正处于跌倒的状态，进而控制提醒模块70进行提醒。
另外，运动传感模块50与其他模块的组合，如与海拔高度传感模块30或超声波模块40组合，能够得到更准确的身体状态信息。
在一优选的实施例中，体征检测模块可用于检测体温、心率，以及血压等体征数据。
心率测量使用的是红外光测量心率的技术，它是通过对红外光波动信号的测量实现的。如图8所示，为心率测量的电路图，U16、U15是波长为700纳米的红外光发射和接收管，反射的红外光经U15接收后转换成电信号，将该信号输出到ADC转换电路的第二通道进行ADC转换成数字信号进行趋势判断，两个波峰即为心率的波峰，通过2个波峰之间的时间计算既可以得到人体的心率。本实施例通过对佩戴者心率的测量，可以为判断佩戴者当前的身体状况提供参考，根据佩戴者的心率判断佩戴者的身体是否处于危险状态，若处于危险状态，如佩戴者的心率不在正常的心率范围内时，则控制提醒模块70进行提醒。
体温测量是使用红外光测量温度技术进行人体体温测量。如图9所示，微处理器10通过SDA、SCL读取所测量的人体的体温数据。本实施例通过对佩戴者体温的测量，可以为判断佩戴者当前的身体状况提供参考，判断佩戴者的身体是否处于危险状态，若处于危险状态，如佩戴者的体温过高或过低，则控制提醒模块70进行提醒。
另外，还包括一与微处理器10电连接的按键模块。其中，显示模块80是普通的128×64的LCM，按键模块是标准的3×4按键键盘。
本实施例中，通过按键模块可以在显示模块80上选择查看地理位置信息、海拔高度信息、路况信息、距离地面的高度信息、运动信息及体征信息等，并且通过提醒模块70，可以进行声光或振动等提醒。
其中，提醒模块70包括语音提醒单元、振动提醒单元及光提醒单元中的至少之一。
优选地，提醒模块70可以包括蜂鸣器，在佩戴者出现危险情况，但佩戴者无力进行求助的情况之下，该可穿戴式人体多维度跌倒预防和检测装置可自行进行报警以提醒路人来提供帮助。
本实施例中，例如通过定位模块20，当佩戴者行走到危险的地方时，可进行地理位置的显示及进行提醒；或者，通过将海拔高度信息、运动信息进行结合，也可以对佩戴者当前的身体状态进行判断，如佩戴者是否即将跌倒等，进而提示佩戴者；或者，通过将障碍物距离等路况信息、距离地面的高度信息、运动信息或海拔高度信息进行结合，也可以对佩戴者当前的身体状态进行判断，如佩戴者是否即将跌倒等，进而提示佩戴者；或者，通过体征信息对佩戴者当前的身体状态进行判断，然后进行提示，当提醒模块70发出当前路况较危险、身体状态不佳等危险信号时，佩戴者也可以采取相应的自救措施，如自行通知远方的家人或者直接求助于路人等，最大限度地避免发生意外，从根本上对佩戴者特别是老人的出行安全进行有效的、全方面预测及防范。
此外，本实施例不限定于上述各模块的结合方式，其他的各模块的组合若能判断出佩戴者的身体状态或是否处于危险等的结合方式也在本实施例的保护范围内。本实施例能够从多维度获取信息，为佩戴者的出行安全进行有效的、全方面预测及防范。
在一优选的实施例中，如图10所示，在上述图1的实施例的基础上，可穿戴式人体多维度跌倒预防和检测装置还包括与所述微处理器10电连接的通讯模块90，所述通讯模块90用于与远程终端建立通信连接，并将所述地理位置信息、海拔高度信息、路况信息、距离地面的高度信息、运动信息及体征信息发送至所述远程终端，并在判定佩戴者处于危险和/或佩戴者跌倒时，向远程终端发送危险提示信息和/或跌倒提示信息。
其中，通讯模块90可以具有无线通讯功能，可与远程终端建立通信连接，然后将地理位置信息、海拔高度信息、路况信息、距离地面的高度信息、运动信息及体征信息发送至所述远程终端，如将地理位置信息、海拔高度信息、路况信息、距离地面的高度信息、运动信息及体征信息发送至家人所持有的终端中，家人可以实时了解佩戴者当前所处的位置、路况及佩戴者的身体状态等等，并在判定佩戴者处于危险和/或佩戴者跌倒时，向远程终端发送危险提示信息和/或跌倒提示信息。
在一优选的实施例中，可穿戴式人体多维度跌倒预防和检测装置还包括稳压电源电路，所述稳压电源电路分别为所述微处理器10、定位模块20、海拔高度传感模块30、超声波模块40、运动传感模块50、体征检测模块60、提醒模块70、显示模块80及通讯模块90供电。该稳压电源电路包括二级稳压和滤波电路，并提供供电3.3伏的模拟电源VCC和3.3伏的数字电源DVCC，分别供给模拟电路作为电源和数字电路作为电源。
在一优选的实施例中，所述体征检测模块60包括依次电连接的体征检测单元、滤波单元、放大单元及模数转换单元，所述模数转换单元电连接所述微处理器10。
体征检测单元包括心率检测单元及体温检测单元，如图11所示，具有2个通道，第一通道是接入心率测量信号，通过AINP1、AINN1端点接入心率测量信号，经过R11、R15、C13、C15、C19组成的滤波电路进行滤波，ADS1232中包括放大电路、ADC24位转换电路，最后通过DOUT、SCLK2个端点输出心率信号到微处理器10；第二通道接入体温测量信号，通过端点AINP2、AINN2接入体温测量信号，该信号经过R10、R14、C12、C14、C18组成的滤波电路进行滤波，同样在ADS1232中进行放大、转换，最后输出体温测量信号到微处理器10。
本发明还提供一种应用于上述的可穿戴式人体多维度跌倒预防和检测装置的检测方法，如图12所示，在一实施例中，该方法包括：
步骤S101，通过定位模块、海拔高度传感模块、超声波模块、运动传感模块、体征检测模块获取佩戴者当前的地理位置信息、海拔高度信息、路况信息、距离地面的高度信息、运动信息及体征信息；
步骤S102，微处理器接收所述地理位置信息、海拔高度信息、路况信息、距离地面的高度信息、运动信息及体征信息，并根据所述地理位置信息、路况信息和体征信息判断佩戴者是否处于危险，根据所述海拔高度信息、路况信息、距离地面的高度信息和运动信息判断佩戴者是否跌倒；
步骤S103，当判定佩戴者处于危险和/或跌倒时，微处理器控制提醒模块进行提醒。
本实施例中，在可穿戴式人体多维度跌倒预防和检测装置中设置定位模块、海拔高度传感模块、超声波模块、运动传感模块、体征检测模块，通过这些模块可以获取到地理位置信息、海拔高度信息、路况信息、距离地面的高度信息、运动信息及体征信息。
其中，定位模块可为GPS模块或北斗模块，即时获取佩戴者当前所在的地理位置信息，在具体使用时，配合电子地图功能，以电子地图的形式进行显示，在获取佩戴者当前所在的地理位置信息的同时，结合电子地图，当佩戴者前方为危险地理环境时，可向佩戴者进行提醒，以避免佩戴者行走至危险地理环境区域内。
其中，海拔高度传感模块使用大气压力传感器，大气压力传感器利用压力传感器对大气压力进行测量，根据大气压力的测量值计算出高度，高度范围在0~2m的区间。
通过佩戴者身体海平面高度测量，对人体防跌倒具有决定性的意义，因为通过佩戴者身体海平面高度，可以初步判断佩戴者身体的姿势，例如佩戴者是站立、坐或躺倒，然后配合其它的模块可以进一步判断佩戴者姿势及其状态，例如可以判断出佩戴者是躺在床上、站立在地上或是处于危险区域，从而进一步进行危险与否的提醒。
其中，超声波模块通过测量发出和接收超声波的时间间隔，来测量人体离障碍物的距离或者人体与地面的距离等。通过超声波模块能够及时的测量和发现路况是否不佳，当判断出佩戴者处于危险地理环境时，实时的预警潜在的风险。超声波模块通过测量身体与地面的距离，其和运动传感模块组合运用能够准确的得出佩戴者的身体姿势，特别是判断佩戴者是否跌倒；超声波模块结合定位模块，可以得到佩戴者的行走路线；佩戴者在建筑物中时，通过超声波模块、海拔高度传感模块及定位模块，能够得到佩戴者准确的位置。
在超声波模块和海拔高度传感模块组合运用来判断佩戴者是否跌倒时，根据所述海拔高度信息与佩戴者距离地面的高度信息的比值，判断佩戴者是否跌倒，当佩戴者正常站立时，计算出海拔高度信息与佩戴者距离地面的高度信息的比值，由于超声波模块存在检测盲区，在佩戴者跌倒而距离地面的高度过低时，则超声波模块无法获取到佩戴者距离地面的高度信息，因此，通过海拔高度信息与佩戴者距离地面的高度信息的比值，在佩戴者跌倒时可确定其距离地面的高度，从而判断佩戴者是否跌倒，并在判定跌倒时进行提醒。
其中，运动信息包括人体倾斜的角度、速度及加速度，其中，加速度为双轴加速度，包括水平方向及竖直方向的加速度。运动传感模块在测量佩戴者的加速度时，使用一种双轴加速度传感器，包括测量水平加速度、竖直加速度及身体的倾角等，并与对应的预设安全范围进行比较，可以判断出佩戴者当前是否正处于跌倒的状态，进而控制提醒模块进行提醒。
其中，体征检测模块可用于检测体温、心率，以及血压等体征数据。心率测量是使用的红外光测量心率的技术，它是通过对红外光波动信号的测量实现的。体温测量是使用红外光测量温度技术进行测量人体体温。体征信息包括但不限于体温、心率，还可以包括其他的体征信息，如血压等。通过体征信息判断佩戴者的身体是否处于危险状态，若处于危险状态，则控制提醒模块进行提醒。
另外，通过可穿戴式人体多维度跌倒预防和检测装置上按键可以在显示屏幕上查看地理位置信息、海拔高度信息、路况信息、距离地面的高度信息、运动信息及体征信息等，并且可以进行声光或振动等提醒。
本实施例中，当佩戴者行走到危险的地方时，可进行地理位置的显示及进行提醒；或者，通过将海拔高度信息、运动信息进行结合，也可以对佩戴者当前的身体状态进行判断，如佩戴者是否即将跌倒等，进而提示佩戴者；或者，通过将障碍物距离等路况信息、距离地面的高度信息、运动信息或海拔高度信息进行结合，也可以对佩戴者当前的身体状态进行判断，如佩戴者是否即将跌倒等，进而提示佩戴者；或者，通过体征信息对佩戴者当前的身体状态进行判断，然后进行提示，当发出当前路况较危险、身体状态不佳等危险信号时，佩戴者也可以采取相应的自救措施，如自行通知远方的家人或者直接求助于路人等，最大限度地避免发生意外，从根本上对佩戴者的出行安全进行有效的、全方面预测及防范。
此外，本实施例不限定于上述各检测到的信息的结合方式，检测到的信息的其他组合若能判断出佩戴者的身体状态或是否处于危险的结合方式也在本实施例的保护范围内。本实施例能够从多维度获取信息，为佩戴者的出行安全进行有效的、全方面预测及防范。
在一优选实施例中，如图13所示，在上述图12的实施例的基础上，该方法还包括：
步骤S104，通讯模块与远程终端建立通信连接，将所述地理位置信息、海拔高度信息、路况信息、距离地面的高度信息、运动信息及体征信息发送至所述远程终端；
步骤S105，在判定佩戴者处于危险和/或佩戴者跌倒时，向远程终端发送危险提示信息和/或跌倒提示信息。
可穿戴式人体多维度跌倒预防和检测装置可与远程终端建立通信连接，然后将地理位置信息、海拔高度信息、路况信息、距离地面的高度信息、运动信息及体征信息发送至所述远程终端，如将地理位置信息、海拔高度信息、路况信息、距离地面的高度信息、运动信息及体征信息发送至家人所持有的终端中，家人可以实时了解佩戴者当前所处的位置、路况及佩戴者的身体状态等等，并在判定佩戴者处于危险和/或佩戴者跌倒时，向远程终端发送危险提示信息和/或跌倒提示信息。
以上仅为本发明的优选实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种可穿戴式人体多维度跌倒预防和检测装置，其特征在于，所述可穿戴式人体多维度跌倒预防和检测装置包括佩戴本体及设置于佩戴本体上的微处理器、分别与所述微处理器电连接的定位模块、海拔高度传感模块、超声波模块、运动传感模块、体征检测模块、提醒模块及显示模块，其中：
    所述定位模块用于获取佩戴者当前的地理位置信息并发送给所述微处理器；
    所述海拔高度传感模块用于感应佩戴者的海拔高度信息并发送给所述微处理器；
    所述超声波模块用于获取佩戴者当前所处环境的路况信息及佩戴者当前距离地面的高度信息并发送给所述微处理器；
    所述运动传感模块用于获取佩戴者的运动信息并发送给所述微处理器；
    所述体征检测模块用于检测佩戴者的体征信息并发送给所述微处理器；
    所述微处理器用于对所接收的地理位置信息、海拔高度信息、路况信息、距离地面的高度信息、运动信息和/或体征信息进行处理并发送至显示模块进行显示，还用于当根据所述地理位置信息、海拔高度信息、路况信息、距离地面的高度信息、运动信息和体征信息判定佩戴者处于危险和/或跌倒时，控制所述提醒模块进行提醒。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的可穿戴式人体多维度跌倒预防和检测装置，其特征在于，所述微处理器进一步用于：
    接收所述超声波模块发送的路况信息，根据所述路况信息判断佩戴者是否处于危险地理环境，若是，控制所述提醒模块进行提醒；所述路况信息为通过超声波模块发射超声波信号，并检测反射超声波信号的时间间隔所确定的佩戴者与障碍物之间的距离信息；
    接收所述定位模块发送的佩戴者当前的地理位置信息，根据该地理位置信息和预置的电子地图判断佩戴者是否处于危险地理环境，若是，控制所述提醒模块进行提醒。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的可穿戴式人体多维度跌倒预防和检测装置，其特征在于，所述微处理器进一步用于：
    接收所述海拔高度传感模块发送的佩戴者的海拔高度信息，以及所述超声波模块发送的佩戴者距离地面的高度信息，根据所述海拔高度信息与佩戴者距离地面的高度信息的比值，判断佩戴者是否跌倒，并在判定佩戴者跌倒后控制所述提醒模块进行提醒。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的可穿戴式人体多维度跌倒预防和检测装置，其特征在于，所述微处理器进一步用于：
    接收运动传感模块发送的包括人体倾斜角度、速度及加速度的运动信息，将人体倾斜角度、速度及加速度分别与对应的预设安全范围进行比较；当人体倾斜的角度、速度及加速度均不在预设安全范围内时，判定佩戴者跌倒，控制所述提醒模块进行提醒。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的可穿戴式人体多维度跌倒预防和检测装置，其特征在于，所述微处理器进一步用于：
    接收所述体征检测模块发送的体征信息，根据佩戴者的体征判断佩戴者的身体是否处于危险状态，若是，则控制所述提醒模块进行提醒。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的可穿戴式人体多维度跌倒预防和检测装置，其特征在于，所述可穿戴式人体多维度跌倒预防和检测装置还包括与所述微处理器电连接的通讯模块，所述通讯模块用于：
    与远程终端建立通信连接，将所述地理位置信息、海拔高度信息、路况信息、距离地面的高度信息、运动信息及体征信息发送至所述远程终端；
    在判定佩戴者处于危险和/或佩戴者跌倒时，向远程终端发送危险提示信息和/或跌倒提示信息。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的可穿戴式人体多维度跌倒预防和检测装置，其特征在于，所述超声波模块包括超声波发射电路及超声波接收电路，通过测量所述超声波发射电路发射超声波及所述超声波接收电路接收超声波的时间间隔，以计算人体离障碍物的距离及离地面的高度。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的可穿戴式人体多维度跌倒预防和检测装置，其特征在于，所述提醒模块包括语音提醒单元、振动提醒单元及光提醒单元中的至少之一。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的可穿戴式人体多维度跌倒预防和检测装置，其特征在于，所述可穿戴式人体多维度跌倒预防和检测装置还包括一与微处理器电连接的按键模块。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的可穿戴式人体多维度跌倒预防和检测装置，其特征在于，所述可穿戴式人体多维度跌倒预防和检测装置还包括一稳压电源电路。
  11. 如权利要求1所述的可穿戴式人体多维度跌倒预防和检测装置，其特征在于，所述体征检测模块包括依次电连接的体征检测单元、滤波单元、放大单元及模数转换单元。
  12. 一种利用权利要求1所述的可穿戴式人体多维度跌倒预防和检测装置的检测方法，其特征在于，所述检测方法包括：
    通过定位模块、海拔高度传感模块、超声波模块、运动传感模块、体征检测模块获取佩戴者当前的地理位置信息、海拔高度信息、路况信息、距离地面的高度信息、运动信息及体征信息；
    微处理器接收所述地理位置信息、海拔高度信息、路况信息、距离地面的高度信息、运动信息及体征信息，并根据所述地理位置信息、路况信息和体征信息判断佩戴者是否处于危险，根据所述海拔高度信息、路况信息、距离地面的高度信息和运动信息判断佩戴者是否跌倒；
    当判定佩戴者处于危险和/或跌倒时，微处理器控制提醒模块进行提醒。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的检测方法，其特征在于，所述微处理器根据地理位置信息、路况信息和体征信息判断佩戴者是否处于危险的步骤包括：
    微处理器接收所述定位模块发送的佩戴者当前的地理位置信息，根据该地理位置信息和预置的电子地图判断佩戴者是否处于危险地理环境；
    微处理器接收所述超声波模块发送的路况信息，根据所述路况信息判断佩戴者是否处于危险地理环境；所述路况信息为通过超声波模块发射超声波信号，并检测反射超声波信号的时间间隔所确定的佩戴者与障碍物之间的距离信息；
    微处理器接收所述体征检测模块发送的体征信息，根据佩戴者的体征判断佩戴者的身体是否处于危险状态。
  14. 如权利要求12所述的检测方法，其特征在于，所述微处理器根据海拔高度信息、运动信息判断佩戴者是否跌倒的步骤包括：
    微处理器接收所述海拔高度传感模块发送的佩戴者的海拔高度信息，以及所述超声波模块发送的佩戴者距离地面的高度信息，根据所述海拔高度信息与佩戴者距离地面的高度信息的比值，判断佩戴者是否跌倒，并在判定佩戴者跌倒后控制所述提醒模块进行提醒；
    微处理器接收运动传感模块发送的包括人体倾斜角度、速度及加速度的运动信息，将人体倾斜角度、速度及加速度分别与对应的预设安全范围进行比较；当人体倾斜的角度、速度及加速度均不在预设安全范围内时，判定佩戴者跌倒。
  15. 如权利要求12所述的检测方法，其特征在于，所述的检测方法还包括：
    通讯模块与远程终端建立通信连接，将所述地理位置信息、海拔高度信息、路况信息、距离地面的高度信息、运动信息及体征信息发送至所述远程终端；
    在判定佩戴者处于危险和/或佩戴者跌倒时，向远程终端发送危险提示信息和/或跌倒提示信息。
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