WO2016078039A1 - 一种磁性传动装置 - Google Patents
一种磁性传动装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016078039A1 WO2016078039A1 PCT/CN2014/091670 CN2014091670W WO2016078039A1 WO 2016078039 A1 WO2016078039 A1 WO 2016078039A1 CN 2014091670 W CN2014091670 W CN 2014091670W WO 2016078039 A1 WO2016078039 A1 WO 2016078039A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- permanent magnet
- magnetic
- rotating member
- rotating shaft
- rotating
- Prior art date
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K49/00—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes
- H02K49/10—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes of the permanent-magnet type
- H02K49/102—Magnetic gearings, i.e. assembly of gears, linear or rotary, by which motion is magnetically transferred without physical contact
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K49/00—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes
- H02K49/10—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes of the permanent-magnet type
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of magnetic energy conversion technology and power transmission equipment manufacturing technology, and more particularly to a magnetic transmission device.
- mechanical gear devices are widely used in the industrial field. It is not difficult to find that the mechanical gears are composed of several independent moving parts, and the moving parts are driven by the teeth at the respective edges, so that the moving parts between the moving parts are The contact structure is bound to cause a lot of troubles, such as: friction loss, vibration and noise, lubrication, and regular maintenance.
- fluid flow control such as artificial blood pumps, toxic air pump, etc.
- mechanical gears have great limitations because they cannot achieve complete isolation between the output and the input. At this time, there is often a hidden danger of fluid leakage, and if the containment measures fail, serious consequences will result.
- shifting is required, and a large mechanical gearbox is usually required to meet the requirements.
- a large mechanical gearbox inevitably increases the size and weight of the system, and also increases the complexity of the system.
- the mechanical gears are rigidly meshed together by the teeth, and once the torque exceeds their ability to withstand, a safety accident is likely to occur.
- the magnetic transmission device is also called the magnetic gear.
- the transmission technology is a new type of transmission technology. It uses the magnetic field of the permanent magnet to realize the transmission of force or torque. Because the magnetic field between the permanent magnets has no contact, the force or torque can be realized. Compared with mechanical gears, the advantages of the contactless transmission are: 1) complete isolation between the output and the input; 2) better sealing than the mechanical gearbox; 3) overload protection; 4) help to achieve soft motor Start; 5) no noise; 6) no regular maintenance required. Magnetic gears can overcome the drawbacks of mechanical gears and have been used in many transmission fields.
- the existing magnetic gears can be divided into two types: direct coupling type and magnetic field modulation type.
- the direct coupling type generally refers to the transmission of force or torque in accordance with the structure of the mechanical gear.
- the magnetic field coupling of the permanent magnet is very low, so the torque density is lower than that of the mechanical gear.
- the magnetic field modulation type generally refers to a coaxial magnetic gear that uses a core to modulate a magnetic field formed by a permanent magnet to form Many magnetic field harmonics, through the interaction of magnetic field harmonics, achieve shifting and force or torque transfer.
- the magnetic gear fully utilizes the magnetic field excited by the permanent magnet, which greatly increases the torque density of the magnetic gear. With the development of permanent magnet materials, the torque density of magnetic gears has reached a level comparable to mechanical gears.
- Torque density has always been an important performance indicator to measure the performance of magnetic gears.
- many experts and researchers have made in-depth research on the topology of magnetic gears. At present, they are mainly divided into radial magnetic gears and axial magnetic gears.
- the radial magnetic gear refers to a magnetic gear whose radial magnetic field is distributed in the radial direction.
- the topography of the magnetic gear is distributed from the inside to the outside, the inner rotor, the outer ring, and the outer rotor.
- each magnetic adjusting core on the magnetic gear adjusting ring cannot Short-circuit together; in order to reduce the eddy current loss, the left and right end caps of the magnetic flux ring should be added with insulating mats, and even the fixing screws should be considered to be added to the insulating device.
- the iron cores on the magnetic flux ring are independent, and the magnetic fields generated by the inner and outer rotor permanent magnets act on the stationary magnetic ring, it is also necessary to consider the strength of the iron core mechanism and prevent the core from occurring. Displacement and other issues.
- axial magnetic gear refers to a magnetic gear whose axial gap magnetic field is distributed in the axial direction.
- the magnetic gear distributes a slow disk composed of a slow disk core and a slow disk permanent magnet from the left to the right in the axial direction, a stator composed of a magnet block, and a fast disk composed of a fast disk permanent magnet and a fast disk core.
- the magnetic paths of the radial magnetic gear and the axial magnetic gear described above are single, either radial or axial, and the design and processing of the radial magnetic gear modulating mechanism is troublesome.
- the present invention provides a magnetic transmission device including a stationary member, a first rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft, a first rotating member, a second rotating member and a third rotating member;
- the first rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft, the first rotating member, the second rotating member and the third rotating member are all rotated relative to the fixed member; the first rotating shaft is coaxially disposed with the second rotating shaft, and The two rotating members are rigidly connected to the first rotating shaft as a whole, the second rotating member, The third rotating member and the second rotating shaft are fixedly connected as a whole; the first rotating member, the second rotating member and the third rotating member are sequentially arranged in the axial direction;
- the first rotating member includes a first core, a first permanent magnet and a first supporting member; the first core and the first permanent magnet are both annular, and the first core and the first permanent magnet are both Mounted on the first support member; the first support member is rigidly connected to the first rotating shaft;
- the second rotating member includes a second iron core and a second permanent magnet, and the second rotating member is fixed on the second rotating shaft; the second iron core and the second permanent magnet are both annular, The second permanent magnet is coaxially mounted on the second core concentrically;
- the third rotating member includes a third iron core, a third permanent magnet and a second supporting member; the second supporting member is fixed to the second rotating shaft; the third iron core and the third permanent magnet are both rings a shape, both mounted on the second support member;
- the movable member mainly comprises a magnetic pole and a magnetic flux ring; the magnetic pole is made of a non-magnetic non-conductive material; the magnetic ring is annular, and the magnetic ring is fixed to the magnetic pole
- the second rotating member is located in the magnetic flux ring, and the two are concentrically disposed; the first iron core, the first permanent magnet, the magnetic flux ring, the third permanent magnet, and The third iron core is coaxially arranged and arranged in the axial direction; the first permanent magnet and the third permanent magnet are both magnetized in the axial direction, and the second permanent magnet is magnetized in the radial direction.
- first support member, the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are all made of a non-magnetic material; the second supporting member is made of a non-magnetic non-conductive material.
- the first permanent magnet comprises 2N 1 first permanent magnet blocks, 2N 1 of the first permanent magnet blocks are arranged in a ring shape in a circumferential direction, and 2N 1 first permanent magnet blocks are alternately charged in the axial direction.
- N 1 constituting the magnetic pole pairs of permanent magnets
- the third permanent magnet comprises a permanent magnet segment of third 2N 2, 2N 2 of said third permanent magnet segments circumferentially arranged in a ring, the third of said 2N 2
- the magnetic poles of the permanent magnet block are alternately magnetized in the axial direction to form N 2 pairs of permanent magnet poles
- the second permanent magnet includes 2N 2 second permanent magnet blocks, and 2N 2 of the second permanent magnet blocks are arranged in the circumferential direction.
- Annular, 2N 2 of the second permanent magnet blocks are alternately magnetized in the radial direction to form N 2 pairs of permanent magnet poles;
- the oscillating ring includes N 3 modulating blocks, and N 3 of the modulating blocks are circumferentially Uniformly arranged at equal intervals;
- N 3 N 1 + N 2 , N 1 , N 2 are all positive integers and N 1 ⁇ N 2 .
- first rotating member rotates at a speed of ⁇ 1 ; the second rotating member and the third rotating member rotate at the same rotational speed ⁇ 2 with the second rotating shaft; A negative sign indicates that the direction of rotation is reversed.
- the third permanent magnet block and the second permanent magnet block are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence in the radial direction, and the one-to-one corresponding third permanent magnet block and the second permanent magnet block are assembled in a step shape, and The magnetic poles in the vicinity of the two are the same.
- the inner diameters of the first permanent magnet and the third permanent magnet are the same, and the outer diameters of the two are the same, and the magnetic flux ring is located between the first permanent magnet and the third permanent magnet.
- the middle position is located, and the inner diameter of the magnetic flux ring is the same as the inner diameter of the first permanent magnet.
- the movable member further includes a tubular first outer casing and a tubular second outer casing; the inner side of the magnetic regulating seat is provided with a plurality of magnetic adjusting grooves, and the plurality of magnetic adjusting grooves are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction.
- the magnetically tuned block of the magnetic flux ring is fixed in the magnetic flux adjusting groove; the first outer casing and the second outer casing are coaxially disposed with the magnetic regulating seat, and the magnetic regulating seat is located in the first outer casing Between the second outer casings; the first rotating member is disposed in the first outer casing, and the second rotating member is disposed in the second outer casing.
- first outer casing, the second outer casing and the magnetic adjustment seat are integrally formed;
- the first outer casing, the second outer casing and the magnetically accommodating seat are separated structures and are fixedly connected by bolts.
- the magnetically modulating block is press-formed in the magnetic fluxing groove by soft magnetic powder
- the modulating block is formed by laminating silicon steel sheets in the circumferential direction.
- the magnetic pole is provided with a plurality of through holes, the through holes are in one-to-one correspondence with the magnetic flux adjusting slots, the through holes are axially disposed, and the through holes are located in the magnetic flux adjusting groove
- the movable member further includes a plurality of ribbons, each of the ribbons corresponding to each of the through holes, the ribbon penetrating the through hole and the magnetic adjustment
- the inside of the ring of the seat is wound into a ring shape, and the magnetic block is wrapped in a ribbon.
- the magnetic transmission device since the first permanent magnet and the third permanent magnet are magnetized in the axial direction, the second permanent magnet is magnetized in the radial direction, so that the magnetic transmission device of the present invention has an axial and radial hybrid magnetic circuit.
- the magnetic fields generated by the first permanent magnet, the second permanent magnet, and the third permanent magnet are all modulated by the magnetic flux ring, and more magnetic field harmonics participate in the torque transmission in the axial air gap and the radial air gap.
- Making full use of the limited geometric space because the magnetic paths of the second permanent magnet and the third permanent magnet are perpendicular to each other and the specific positional relationship between the two, the magnetic lines generated by the second permanent magnet and the third permanent magnet are forced to the first rotating member.
- the degree of magnetic field coupling is increased, and the torque density of the magnetic transmission device is increased.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic axial cross-sectional structural view of a preferred embodiment of a magnetic transmission device of the present invention
- Figure 2 is a three-dimensional exploded view of the magnetic transmission device of Figure 1;
- FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a lamination mode of a silicon steel sheet of a first iron core of the magnetic transmission device of FIG. 2;
- Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the relative position of the second rotating member and the third rotating member of the magnetic transmission device of Figure 1;
- Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the relative position of the second rotating member and the third rotating member of the magnetic transmission device of Figure 4 in the axial direction;
- Figure 6 is a three-dimensional structural view of the movable member of the magnetic transmission device of Figure 2;
- FIG. 7 is a schematic axial cross-sectional structural view of a magnetic transmission device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 8 is a three-dimensional exploded view of the magnetic transmission device of Figure 7;
- Figure 9 is a schematic view of the magnetic shifting seat and the magnetic flux adjusting ring of the magnetic transmission device of Figure 7;
- FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing the lamination mode of the modulating block of the modulating ring of FIG. 9.
- a magnetic transmission device includes a first rotating shaft 81 , a second rotating shaft 82 , a first rotating member 1 , a second rotating member 2 , and a third rotating member 3 . And the fixed part 4.
- the first rotating shaft 81, the second rotating shaft 82, the first rotating member 1, the second rotating member 2, and the third rotating member 3 are all rotatably disposed relative to the movable member 4.
- the first rotating shaft 81 is disposed coaxially with the second rotating shaft 82, and the two are arranged in the axial direction. It can be understood that in the present embodiment, the axial direction, the radial direction, and the circumferential direction are all relative to the central axes of the first rotating shaft 81 and the second rotating shaft 82.
- the first rotating member 1 is rigidly connected to the first rotating shaft 81 as a whole, and is rotated together at the same speed. move. Both the second rotating member 2 and the third rotating member 3 are fixed to the second rotating shaft 82 and rotate together at the same speed.
- the first rotating member 1, the second rotating member 2, and the third rotating member 3 are arranged in the axial direction.
- One of the first rotating shaft 81 and the second rotating shaft 82 is a driving shaft, and the other is a driven shaft.
- the first rotating shaft 81 is the driving shaft
- the second rotating shaft 82 is the driven shaft
- the rotational power is applied to the first rotating shaft 81, and the second rotating shaft 82 can be output, and vice versa.
- first rotating member 1, the second rotating member 2, the third rotating member 3, and the fixed member 4 of the magnetic transmission device provided by the embodiment of the present invention are specifically described below.
- the first rotating member 1 includes a first core 11, a first permanent magnet 12, and a first support member 811.
- the first support member 811 is rigidly connected to the first rotating shaft 81.
- the first core 11 and the first permanent magnet 12 are both annular and are mounted on the first support 811.
- the second rotating member 2 includes a second core 21 and a second permanent magnet 22; the second core 21 and the second permanent magnet 22 are both annular, the second permanent magnet 22 is mounted on the second core 21, and the second The iron core 21 is fixed to the second rotating shaft 82.
- the third rotating member 3 includes a third core 31, a third permanent magnet 32, and a second supporting member 821; the second supporting member 821 is fixed to the second rotating shaft 82.
- the third core 31 and the third permanent magnet 32 are both annular, and both are mounted on the second support 821.
- the second permanent magnet 22 is magnetized in the radial direction, that is, the N pole and the S pole of the second permanent magnet 22 are arranged in the radial direction.
- the first permanent magnet 12 and the third permanent magnet 32 are magnetized in the axial direction, that is, the N pole and the S pole of the both are axially arranged. Since the first permanent magnet 12 and the third permanent magnet 32 are magnetized in the axial direction, the second permanent magnet 22 is magnetized in the radial direction, so that the magnetic transmission device of the present invention has an axial and radial hybrid magnetic circuit; the first permanent magnet 12.
- the magnetic fields generated by the second permanent magnet 22 and the third permanent magnet 32 are modulated by the magnetic flux ring 42, and more magnetic field harmonics participate in the torque transmission in the axial air gap and the radial air gap. Take advantage of the limited geometric space.
- the fixed member 4 mainly includes a magnetic adjusting base 41 and a magnetic adjusting ring 42; the magnetic adjusting ring 42 is annular, and the magnetic adjusting ring 42 is fixed to the magnetic adjusting base 41.
- the second rotating member 2 is coaxially disposed coaxially with the magnetic adjusting ring 42.
- the first core 11, the first permanent magnet 12, the magnetic flux adjusting ring 42, the third permanent magnet 32, and the third core 31 are coaxially arranged and arranged in the axial direction.
- the inner diameters of the first permanent magnet 12 and the third permanent magnet 32 are the same, and the outer diameters of the two are the same, that is, both the first permanent magnet 12 and the third permanent magnet 32 are axially Projection formation
- the torus faces coincide with each other.
- the magnetic flux ring 42 is located at a middle position between the first permanent magnet 12 and the third permanent magnet 32, and the inner diameter of the magnetic flux ring 42 is the same as the inner diameter of the first permanent magnet 12. Since the magnetic adjusting ring 42 is sleeved outside the second permanent magnet 22, the outer diameter of the second permanent magnet 22 is smaller than the inner diameter of the magnetic adjusting ring 42, that is, smaller than the inner diameter of the third permanent magnet 32, thereby forming the first permanent magnet 12 and A stepped structure between the third permanent magnets 32.
- the magnetic paths of the second permanent magnet and the third permanent magnet are perpendicular to each other and the specific positional relationship therebetween, the magnetic lines of force generated by the second permanent magnet 22 and the third permanent magnet 32 are forced to the side of the first rotating member 1 to be increased.
- the degree of magnetic field coupling increases the torque density of the magnetic drive.
- the first support member 811 and the first rotating shaft 81 are integrally formed to improve the structural strength between the two.
- the first support member 811 and the first rotating shaft 81 are made of a non-magnetic material, and a high-strength non-magnetic material such as aluminum alloy or stainless steel may be selected to avoid affecting the magnetic circuit in the magnetic rotating device.
- the first support member 811 and the second rotating shaft 81 may also be a split structure, and the two are fixedly connected by a key connection or other manner; when the first support member 811 and the second rotating shaft 81 are in a split structure, Both can be made of different materials.
- the first core 11 and the first permanent magnet 12 are both mounted on the first support member 811. Specifically, the first core 11 is fixed to the first support member 811, and the first permanent magnet 12 is fixed to the first core 11. The first core 11 is located between the first permanent magnet 12 and the first support 811 such that the first permanent magnet 12 is relatively close to the magnetic flux ring 42.
- the first support member 811 has a disk shape, and a first annular protrusion 811a protrudes from the outer edge of the first support member 811, and the first annular protrusion 811a protrudes toward the third rotating member 3,
- the first core 11 and the first permanent magnet 12 are mounted on the first annular protrusion 811a, and the first core 11 is fixed between the first permanent magnet 12 and the outer edge of the first support member 811, the first permanent magnet 12 It can be fixed to the first core 11 by means of pasting.
- the second core 21 can be fixed to the second rotating shaft 82 by a snap ring and a key, and the second permanent magnet 22 can be adhered to the second core 21 by pasting.
- the second support member 821 is fixed to the second rotating shaft 82 by a snap ring and a key.
- the second shaft 82 is made of a non-magnetically permeable material.
- the second support member 821 is made of a non-magnetic non-conductive material, and can block the magnetic field generated by the third permanent magnet 32 via the magnetic flux adjusting ring 42, the second permanent magnet 22, the second iron core 21, the second rotating shaft 82, and the third
- the rotating member 3 constitutes a loop, forcing the magnetic lines of force generated by the second permanent magnet 22 and the third permanent magnet 32 to the side of the first rotating member 1 to increase the degree of magnetic coupling.
- the torque density of the high magnetic transmission device, and the non-magnetic non-conductive material of the second support member can prevent the third rotating member 3, the second rotating shaft 82, and the second rotating member 2 from being short-circuited on the circuit. To reduce eddy current losses.
- the second support member 821 is made of an epoxy resin having high thermal conductivity and thermal conductivity.
- the second support member 821 may also be made of nylon, plastic, phenolic resin, polyoxymethylene, or the like. Materials such as ceramics.
- the second supporting member 821 is in the shape of a disk, and the second supporting member 821 protrudes from the outer edge thereof with a second annular protrusion 821a, and the second annular protrusion 821a protrudes toward the first rotating member 1.
- the third core 31 and the third permanent magnet 32 are mounted outside the second annular protrusion 821a, and the third core 31 is located between the third permanent magnet 32 and the outer edge of the second support 821, so that the third permanent The magnet 32 is relatively close to the oscillating ring 42 while the second support 821 facilitates the assembled connection between the third rotor 3 and the second shaft 82.
- the first core 11 and the third core 31 are each wound from a silicon steel sheet.
- the specific structure of the first core 11 is as shown in FIG. 3.
- the structure of the third core 31 is the same as that of the first core 11 in FIG.
- the second core 21 is formed by laminating silicon steel sheets in the axial direction to reduce eddy current loss.
- first permanent magnet 12 The relationship between the first permanent magnet 12, the second permanent magnet 22, the third permanent magnet 32, and the damper ring 42 will be described in detail below.
- the first permanent magnet 12 of first permanent magnet comprising 2N 1 120,2N 1 of first block 120 to the permanent magnet segments circumferentially arranged in a cyclic, 2N 1 of first permanent magnet block 120
- the magnetic poles are alternately magnetized in the axial direction to form N 1 pairs of permanent magnet poles.
- Third permanent magnet 32 comprising a permanent magnet block of third 2N 2 320,2N 2 to block 320 of third permanent magnets arranged annularly in the circumferential direction, 2N 2 of third pole permanent magnet segments 320 in the axial direction are alternately charged The magnetic composition N 2 pairs of permanent magnet poles.
- the second permanent magnet 22 comprises a second permanent magnet segments 2N 2 220,2N 2 block 220 to the second permanent magnets are arranged annularly in the circumferential direction, 2N 2 second pole permanent magnet segments 220 in the radial direction are alternately charged
- the magnetic composition N 2 pairs the permanent magnet poles, that is, the number of the third permanent magnet block 320 and the second permanent magnet block 220 are the same.
- the first permanent magnet 12, the second permanent magnet 22, and the third permanent magnet 32 are all made of a high-performance iron-boron boron material.
- each of the third permanent magnet blocks 320 and the second permanent magnet blocks 220 are disposed in one-to-one correspondence in the radial direction. That is, each of the second permanent magnets 22 is radially formed on a sector-shaped region formed by projecting in the axial direction and a sector-shaped region in which each of the third permanent magnets 32 is projected in the axial direction. Just corresponds.
- a one-to-one correspondence between the third permanent magnet block 320 and the second permanent magnet block 220 is stepped The magnetic poles in the vicinity of the two are the same. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the magnetic poles adjacent to each other refer to the magnetic poles on the third permanent magnet block 320 near the end of the magnetic flux regulating ring 42.
- the outer ends of the second permanent magnet block 220 disposed by the third permanent magnet block 320 are adjacent to each other.
- the outer pole magnetic pole of the second permanent magnet block 220 disposed opposite to the third permanent magnet block 320 is also N pole;
- the outer end magnetic pole of the second permanent magnet block 220 disposed opposite to the third permanent magnet block 320 is also S pole.
- a one-to-one correspondence between the third permanent magnet block 320 and the second permanent magnet block 220 is stepped, and the structure and the magnetic pole arrangement can force the magnetic lines of force generated by the second permanent magnet 22 and the third permanent magnet 32 to the first rotation.
- the degree of magnetic field coupling can be further increased to increase the torque density of the magnetic transmission device.
- the modulating ring 42 includes N 3 modulating blocks 420.
- N 3 magnetic modulating blocks 420 are evenly arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.
- N 3 N 1 + N 2 , and N 1 and N 2 are all positive integers.
- the first rotating member rotates at a speed of ⁇ 1 ; the second rotating member and the third rotating member rotate at the same rotational speed ⁇ 2 with the second rotating shaft, wherein A negative sign indicates that the direction of rotation is reversed. If N 1 > N 2 , the first rotating member 1 and the first rotating shaft 81 where the first permanent magnet 12 is located are on the slow side, and the second rotating member 2, the third rotating member 3 and the second rotating shaft 82 are on the fast side. If N 1 ⁇ N 2 , the first rotating member 1 and the first rotating shaft 81 where the first permanent magnet 12 is located are the fast side, and the second rotating member 2, the third rotating member 3 and the second rotating shaft 82 are the slow side.
- the entirety of the second rotating member 2, the third rotating member 3 and the second rotating shaft 82 may be a slow side or a fast side.
- adjustment N 1, N 2, N 3 the number of three in order to achieve different gear shifting magnetic effects are designed within the scope of the present invention.
- the magnetic adjustment base 41 is annular, and a plurality of magnetic adjustment slots 410 are defined on the inner side surface thereof, and the plurality of magnetic adjustment slots 410 are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction, and the magnetic adjustment block 420 is disposed. It is fixed in the magnetic flux adjusting groove 410, and the two are matched one by one. The circumferential and radial movement of the modulating block 420 can be avoided by the modulating groove 410.
- the immovable member 4 further includes a first outer casing 461 and a second outer casing 462.
- the first outer casing 461 and the second outer casing 462 are both tubular, and the two are disposed coaxially with the magnetic pole, and the magnetic pole 41 is located at the first outer casing. 461 is between the second outer casing 462.
- the seat 41 is integrally formed, that is, the three are processed into one part to reduce the parts, which is convenient for processing and preparation, and is advantageous for assembly.
- the first rotating member 1 is disposed in the first outer casing 461, and the second rotating member 2 is disposed in the second outer casing 462, thereby forming the outer casing of the entire magnetic transmission device by the first outer casing 461 and the second outer casing 462.
- the modulating block 420 is press-formed in the modulating groove 410 by soft magnetic powder, so that the modulating block 420 is designed to be integrated with the modulating block 41 during processing to facilitate processing.
- the integrally formed first outer casing 461, the second outer casing 462 and the magnetic adjustment base 41 are made of a non-magnetic non-conductive material, and specifically may be nylon, plastic, epoxy resin, phenolic resin, polyoxymethylene, ceramics, etc., preferably strength. Epoxy resin with good thermal conductivity.
- the movable member 4 further includes a first end cover 431 and a second end cover 432.
- the first end cover 431 and the second end cover 432 are respectively fixed by screws or other means.
- the first rotating shaft 81 is disposed with the first end cover 431, and a bearing 441 and a snap ring 451 are disposed therebetween to facilitate the assembly between the first rotating shaft 81 and the first end cover 431, and ensure that the first rotating shaft 81 rotates. Stability.
- the second rotating shaft 82 is disposed through the second end cover 432, and is also provided with a bearing 442 and a snap ring 452 therebetween to facilitate the assembly between the second rotating shaft 82 and the second end cover 432, and to ensure the second rotating shaft 82. Stability of rotation.
- a bearing 83 is disposed between the ends of the first rotating shaft 81 and the second rotating shaft 82, so as to facilitate the corresponding assembly between the first rotating shaft 81 and the second rotating shaft 82, and at the same time, to ensure the stability of the rotation of the two.
- the magnetic transmission device proposed by the present invention has an axial and radial hybrid magnetic circuit, and the magnetic fields generated by the first permanent magnet 12, the second permanent magnet 22, and the third permanent magnet 32 are all modulated by the modulating ring 42 in the axial air gap. And more magnetic field harmonics in the radial air gap participate in the torque transmission, making full use of the limited geometric space; the magnetization mode of the second permanent magnet 22 and the third permanent magnet 32 and the corresponding positional relationship, Forcing the magnetic lines of force generated by the second permanent magnet 22 and the third permanent magnet 32 to the side of the first rotating member 1 increases the degree of magnetic field coupling and increases the torque density of the magnetic gear.
- the second supporting member 821 adopts a non-magnetic non-conductive material, which prevents the magnetic field generated by the third permanent magnet 32 from passing through the third core 31, the magnetic adjusting ring 41, the second permanent magnet 22, the second iron core 21, and the second rotating shaft.
- 82 constitutes a magnetic circuit, which in turn forces the magnetic lines of force generated by the second permanent magnet 22 and the third permanent magnet 32 to the side of the first rotating member 1, and also prevents the third rotating member 3, the second rotating shaft 82 and the second rotating member 2 from being in the circuit
- the upper is shorted and the eddy current loss is reduced.
- the magnetic paddle 41a of the immovable member 4a, the first outer casing 461a and the second outer casing 462a are of a split structure, and are fixedly connected by bolts.
- the first end cover 431 is fixedly connected to one end of the first outer casing 461a away from the magnetic pole seat 41a
- the second end cover 432 is fixedly coupled to the other end of the second outer casing 462a away from the magnetic pole seat 41a.
- the first end cover 431, the first outer casing 461a, the magnetic adjustment base 41a, the second outer casing 462a and the second end cover 432 are sequentially connected by bolts 9 to connect the components of the fixed member 4 together.
- the bolts 9 may be plural and arranged uniformly in the circumferential direction.
- the magnetic pole 41a, the first outer casing 461a and the second outer casing 462a are all made of the same non-magnetic non-conductive material, specifically nylon, plastic, epoxy resin, phenolic resin, polyoxymethylene, ceramics, etc., preferably high thermal conductivity.
- a good performance epoxy resin is also made of the same non-magnetic non-conductive material, specifically nylon, plastic, epoxy resin, phenolic resin, polyoxymethylene, ceramics, etc.
- the magnetic pole 41a is provided with a plurality of through holes 40.
- the through holes 40 are in one-to-one correspondence with the magnetic flux adjusting grooves 410.
- the through holes 40 are disposed in the axial direction, and the through holes 40 are located in the magnetic adjusting groove 410 and the magnetic adjusting base 41a.
- the retaining member 4a further includes a plurality of ribbons (not shown), each of the ribbons corresponding to each of the through holes, and the ribbon is looped through the through hole 40 and the inner side of the ring of the magnetically accommodating seat 41a.
- the magnetizing block 420a is wrapped in the ribbon so that the tuning block 420a is firmly fixed to the magnetically accommodating seat 41a.
- the modulating block 420a is formed by laminating the silicon steel sheets in the circumferential direction. Since the modulating ring has to modulate the radial magnetic field and modulate the axial magnetic field, the modulating block 420a is surrounded by the silicon steel sheet. The lamination to reduce the eddy current loss caused by the two magnetic field changes.
- the magnetic adjustment base 41a may be integrally formed with the first outer casing 461a as one component and fixedly connected to the second outer casing 462a by bolts; or, the magnetic adjustment base 41a may be integrated with the second outer casing 462a. It is molded into one piece and is fixedly connected to the first outer casing 461a by bolts.
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- Dynamo-Electric Clutches, Dynamo-Electric Brakes (AREA)
Abstract
一种磁性传动装置，包括不动件（4）、第一转轴（81）、第二转轴（82）、第一转动件（1）、第二转动件（2）和第三转动件（3）；第一转动件（1）与第一转轴（81）刚性连接，第二转动件（2）和第三转动件（3）固定在第二转轴（82）上，第一转动件（1）、第二转动件（2）和第三转动件（3）沿轴向依次设置；不动件（4）包括调磁座（41）和调磁环（42），第二转动件（2）位于调磁环（42）中，第一转动件（1）包括第一铁芯（11）、第一永磁体（12）和第一支撑件（811），第二转动件（2）包括第二铁芯（21）和第二永磁体（22），第三转动件（3）包括第三铁芯（31）、第三永磁体（32）和第二支撑件（821）；第一铁芯（11）、第一永磁体（12）、调磁环（42）、第三永磁体（32）和第三铁芯（31）沿轴向依次布置；第一永磁体（12）和第三永磁体（32）沿轴向交替充磁，第二永磁体（22）沿径向交替充磁。该磁性传动装置能充分利用此磁场调制空间，提高转矩密度。
Description
本发明涉及磁能转换技术和动力传动设备制造技术领域，尤其涉及一种磁性传动装置。
众所周知，机械齿轮装置在工业领域中得到广泛的应用。不难发现，机械齿轮都由几个独立的运动部件构成，而这几个运动部件之间通过位于各自边缘的齿状物啮合进行动力的传动，所以机械齿轮中各个运动部件之间的这种接触结构势必会带来诸多麻烦，如：摩擦损耗、振动和噪声、需要润滑、需要定期维护等。在涉及到流体流量控制的场合，如人工血泵、毒气管泵等，机械齿轮具有很大的局限性，因为它无法实现输出端和输入端的完全隔离。这时，往往会存在流体泄露的隐患，如果密闭措施失效，将会造成严重的后果。在工业应用中，有许多需要变速的场合，通常需要庞大的机械齿轮箱来达到要求，庞大的机械齿轮箱不可避免地增加了系统的体积和重量，同时也增大了系统的复杂性。此外，机械齿轮是通过齿刚性啮合在一起，一旦转矩超过其承受的能力，容易发生安全事故。
磁性传动装置又称磁性齿轮，该传动技术是一种新型的传动技术，它利用永磁体的磁场实现力或者转矩的传递，由于永磁体磁场之间是无接触作用，可以实现力或者转矩的无接触传动，与机械齿轮相比其优点在于：1)可以实现输出端和输入端的完全隔离；2)密封性比机械齿轮箱要好；3)具备过载保护能力；4)帮助实现电机的软启动；5)无噪音；6)无需定期维护。磁性齿轮能克服机械齿轮的弊端，在许多传动领域得到了应用。
现有的磁性齿轮分可以分为直接耦合型和磁场调制型两大类。直接耦合型一般是指仿照机械齿轮的结构进行力或者转矩的传递，此种类型的磁齿轮，永磁体磁场耦合程度非常低，所以转矩密度比机械齿轮要低。磁场调制型一般是指同轴磁性齿轮，该磁性齿轮利用铁芯将永磁体的形成的磁场进行调制，形成
许多磁场谐波，通过磁场谐波的相互作用，实现变速和力或转矩的传递。该种磁性齿轮充分利用了永磁体激发的磁场，大大提高了磁性齿轮的转矩密度。随着永磁体材料的发展，磁性齿轮的转矩密度达到了可以与机械齿轮相媲美的程度。
转矩密度一直是衡量磁性齿轮性能好坏的一个重要的性能指标。为了提高磁性齿轮的转矩密度，许多专家学者对磁性齿轮的拓扑结构做了深入的研究，目前主要分为径向磁性齿轮和轴向磁性齿轮两种。径向磁性齿轮指的是气隙磁场沿径向分布的磁性齿轮，其拓扑结构从里到外分布着内转子，调磁环，外转子。由于调磁环位于内外转子之间，给设计加工固定支撑调磁环的结构带来了不小的难度，因为为了提高铁芯的调磁性能，磁性齿轮调磁环上每一个调磁铁芯不能短接在一起；为减小涡流损耗，调磁环左右两个端盖要增加绝缘垫，甚至固定螺丝也要考虑加入绝缘设备。此外，由于调磁环上的铁芯都是独立的，而内外转子永磁体产生的磁场都作用在静止不动的调磁环上，所以还要考虑安装铁芯机构的强度以及防止铁芯发生位移等问题。现有技术中的一些技术方案虽然解决了前面所述的某些问题，但是增加了结构的复杂性，有的甚至以牺牲磁性齿轮的性能为代价。而另外一种轴向磁性齿轮指的是气隙磁场沿轴向分布的磁性齿轮。该磁性齿轮沿轴向从左到右分布着由慢盘铁芯和慢盘永磁体组成的慢盘，由调磁铁块构成的定子，以及由快盘永磁体和快盘铁芯组成的快盘。然而前面所述径向磁性齿轮和轴向磁性齿轮的磁路很单一，要么径向要么轴向，且径向磁性齿轮调磁机构的设计和加工比较麻烦。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种磁性传动装置，其具有轴向、径向混合磁路，能够充分利用磁场调制空间，提高转矩密度。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种磁性传动装置，包括不动件、第一转轴、第二转轴、第一转动件、第二转动件及第三转动件；
所述第一转轴、第二转轴、第一转动件、第二转动件及第三转动件均相对所述不动件转动设置；所述第一转轴与所述第二转轴同轴设置，且二者沿轴向排布，所述第一转动件与所述第一转轴刚性连接为一整体，所述第二转动件、
所述第三转动件与所述第二转轴三者固定连接为一整体；所述第一转动件、第二转动件及第三转动件三者沿轴向依次排布；
所述第一转动件包括第一铁芯、第一永磁体及第一支撑件；所述第一铁芯与第一永磁体均为环状，所述第一铁芯与第一永磁体均安装在所述第一支撑件上；所述第一支撑件与所述第一转轴刚性连接；
所述第二转动件包括第二铁芯与第二永磁体，所述第二转动件固定在所述第二转轴上；所述第二铁芯与第二永磁体均为环状，所述第二永磁体同心同轴安装在第二铁芯上；
所述第三转动件包括第三铁芯、第三永磁体及第二支撑件；所述第二支撑件固定于所述第二转轴；所述第三铁芯与第三永磁体均为环状，二者均安装在所述第二支撑件上；
所述不动件主要包括调磁座及调磁环；所述调磁座由非磁性不导电材料制成；所述调磁环为环状，所述调磁环固定于所述调磁座；所述第二转动件位于所述调磁环中，二者同心同轴设置；所述第一铁芯、所述第一永磁体、所述调磁环、所述第三永磁体及所述第三铁芯同轴设置，且沿轴向依次排布；所述第一永磁体及所述第三永磁体均沿轴向充磁，所述第二永磁体沿径向充磁。
其中，所述第一支撑件、所述第一转轴及所述第二转轴均由非导磁材料制成；所述第二支撑件由非磁性不导电材料制成。
其中，所述第一永磁体包括2N1个第一永磁块，2N1个所述第一永磁块沿周向排布成环状，2N1个第一永磁块沿轴向交替充磁构成N1对永磁极；所述第三永磁体包括2N2个第三永磁块，2N2个所述第三永磁块沿周向排布成环状，2N2个所述第三永磁块的磁极沿轴向交替充磁构成N2对永磁极；所述第二永磁体包括2N2个第二永磁块，2N2个所述第二永磁块沿周向排布成环状，2N2个所述第二永磁块沿径向交替充磁构成N2对永磁极；所述调磁环包括N3个调磁块，N3个所述调磁块沿周向等间隔均匀排布；N3＝N1+N2，N1、N2均为正整数且N1≠N2。
其中，所述第一转动件以ω1速度转动；所述第二转动件和第三转动件随所述第二转轴以相同的转速ω2转动；其中
负号表示转速方向相反。
其中，所述第三永磁块与所述第二永磁块在径向上一一对应设置，一一对应的所述第三永磁块与第二永磁块之间装配成阶梯状，且二者之间相临近处的磁极相同。
其中，所述第一永磁体与第三永磁体二者的内径相同、且二者的外径也相同，所述调磁环位于所述第一永磁体与所述第三永磁体之间的正中间位置，且所述调磁环的内径与所述第一永磁体的内径相同。
其中，所述不动件还包括管状的第一外壳及管状的第二外壳；所述调磁座内侧面开设有多个调磁槽，多个所述调磁槽沿周向均匀排布设置，所述调磁环的调磁块固定在所述调磁槽中；所述第一外壳与第二外壳与所述调磁座同轴设置，所述调磁座位于所述第一外壳与第二外壳之间；所述第一转动件设置在所述第一外壳中，所述第二转动件设置在所述第二外壳中。
其中，所述第一外壳、所述第二外壳与所述调磁座为一体成型；或者，
所述第一外壳、所述第二外壳与所述调磁座三者为分体式结构，且通过螺栓固定连接。
其中，所述调磁块由软磁粉末压制成型在所述调磁槽中；或者，
所述调磁块由硅钢片沿周向叠压而成。
其中，所述调磁座上开设有多个通孔，所述通孔与所述调磁槽一一对应，所述通孔沿轴向设置，且所述通孔位于所述调磁槽与所述调磁座的外侧面之间；所述不动件还包括多个丝带，各所述丝带与各所述通孔一一对应，所述丝带穿设所述通孔及所述调磁座的环内侧绕成环状，并将所述调磁块包裹在丝带中。
本发明提供的磁性传动装置，由于第一永磁体与第三永磁体沿轴向充磁，第二永磁体沿径向充磁，使得本发明的磁性传动装置具有轴向、径向混合磁路；第一永磁体、第二永磁体、第三永磁体产生的磁场都被调磁环调制，在轴向气隙和径向气隙中有更多的磁场谐波参与了转矩的传动，充分利用了有限的几何空间；由于第二永磁体和第三永磁体的磁路相互垂直以及二者特定的位置关系，迫使第二永磁体和第三永磁体产生的磁力线到第一转动件一侧，增大了磁场耦合程度，提高了该磁性传动装置的转矩密度。
为了更清楚地说明本发明的技术方案，下面将对实施方式中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施方式，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明磁性传动装置优选实施例的轴向截面结构示意图；
图2为图1中磁性传动装置的三维爆炸图；
图3为图2中磁性传动装置的第一铁芯的硅钢片的叠压方式示意图；
图4为图1中磁性传动装置的第二转动件与第三转动件的相对位置示意图；
图5为图4中磁性传动装置的第二转动件与第三转动件的在轴向上正投影的相对位置示意图；
图6为图2中磁性传动装置的不动件的三维结构示意图；
图7为本发明另一实施例提供的磁性传动装置的轴向截面结构示意图；
图8为图7中磁性传动装置的三维爆炸图；
图9为图7中磁性传动装置的调磁座与调磁环的示意图；
图10为图9中调磁环的调磁块的叠压方式示意图。
下面将结合本发明实施方式中的附图，对本发明实施方式中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。
请一并参阅图1至图6，本发明实施方式提供的一种磁性传动装置，包括第一转轴81、第二转轴82、第一转动件1、第二转动件2、第三转动件3及不动件4。第一转轴81、第二转轴82、第一转动件1、第二转动件2及第三转动件3均相对不动件4转动设置。第一转轴81与第二转轴82同轴设置，且二者沿轴向排布。可以理解，在本实施例中，轴向、径向、周向均是相对第一转轴81、第二转轴82的中心轴线而言。
第一转动件1与第一转轴81刚性连接为一整体，并以相同的速度一起转
动。第二转动件2、第三转动件3两者均固定在第二转轴82上，并以相同的速度一起转动。第一转动件1、第二转动件2及第三转动件3三者沿轴向依次排布设置。第一转轴81与第二转轴82二者之一为主动轴，则另一为从动轴。例如，第一转轴81为主动轴时，第二转轴82为从动轴，旋转动力施加至第一转轴81，可通过第二转轴82输出，反之亦然。
以下具体描述本发明实施例提供的磁性传动装置的第一转动件1、第二转动件2、第三转动件3及不动件4等部件的具体结构。
如图1、2所示，第一转动件1包括第一铁芯11、第一永磁体12及第一支撑件811。第一支撑件811与第一转轴81刚性相连。第一铁芯11与第一永磁体12均为环状，且均安装在第一支撑件811上。
第二转动件2包括第二铁芯21与第二永磁体22；第二铁芯21与第二永磁体22均为环状，第二永磁体22安装在第二铁芯21上，第二铁芯21固定在第二转轴82上。
第三转动件3包括第三铁芯31、第三永磁体32及第二支撑件821；第二支撑件821固定在第二转轴82上。第三铁芯31与第三永磁体32均为环状，且二者均安装在第二支撑件821。
第二永磁体22沿径向充磁，即第二永磁体22的N极与S极沿径向排布。第一永磁体12与第三永磁体32的沿轴向充磁，即二者的N极与S极沿轴向排布。由于第一永磁体12与第三永磁体32沿轴向充磁，第二永磁体22沿径向充磁，使得本发明的磁性传动装置具有轴向、径向混合磁路；第一永磁体12、第二永磁体22、第三永磁体32产生的磁场都被调磁环42调制，在轴向气隙和径向气隙中有更多的磁场谐波参与了转矩的传动，充分利用了有限的几何空间。
不动件4主要包括调磁座41及调磁环42；调磁环42为环状，调磁环42固定于调磁座41。第二转动件2与调磁环42同心同轴设置。第一铁芯11、第一永磁体12、调磁环42、第三永磁体32及第三铁芯31同轴设置，沿轴向依次排布。如图1所示，第一永磁体12与第三永磁体32二者的内径相同、且二者的外径也相同，即沿轴向上第一永磁体12与第三永磁体32二者的投影形成
的圆环面相互重合。调磁环42位于第一永磁体12与第三永磁体32之间的正中间位置，且调磁环42的内径与第一永磁体12的内径相同。由于调磁环42套设在第二永磁体22外，使得第二永磁体22的外径小于调磁环42的内径，即小于第三永磁体32的内径，从而形成第一永磁体12与第三永磁体32之间的阶梯状结构。由于第二永磁体和第三永磁体的磁路相互垂直以及二者特定的位置关系，迫使第二永磁体22和第三永磁体32产生的磁力线到第一转动件1一侧，增大了磁场耦合程度，提高了磁性传动的转矩密度。
本实施例中，如图1及图2所示，作为优选，第一支撑件811与第一转轴81为一体成型，以提高二者之间的结构强度。第一支撑件811及第一转轴81均为非导磁材料制成，可以选择铝合金或不锈钢等高强度非导磁材料，以避免对磁性转动装置内的磁路产生影响。此处，第一支撑件811与第二转轴81之间亦可为分体式结构，二者通过键连接、或其他方式固定连接；第一支撑件811与第二转轴81为分体式结构时，二者可以采用不同材质。
第一铁芯11及第一永磁体12均安装在第一支撑件811上，具体地，第一铁芯11固定于第一支撑件811，第一永磁体12固定于第一铁芯11，且第一铁芯11位于第一永磁体12与第一支撑件811之间，以使得第一永磁体12相对靠近调磁环42。
进一步，第一支撑件811为圆盘状，第一支撑件811上靠近其外边缘处伸出一个第一环形凸起811a，第一环形凸起811a朝向第三转动件3的方向凸起，第一铁芯11与第一永磁体12安装在第一环形凸起811a上，且第一铁芯11固定在第一永磁体12与第一支撑件811外边缘之间，第一永磁体12可以通过粘贴方式固定在第一铁芯11。
第二铁芯21可以通过卡环及键固定在第二转轴82上，第二永磁体22可以通过粘贴方式粘在第二铁芯21上。第二支撑件821通过卡环及键固定在第二转轴82上。第二转轴82由非导磁材料制成。第二支撑件821为非磁性不导电材料制成，能够阻断第三永磁体32产生的磁场经调磁环42、第二永磁体22、第二铁芯21、第二转轴82及第三转动件3构成回路，迫使第二永磁体22及第三永磁体32产生的磁力线到第一转动件1一侧，以增大磁场耦合程度，提
高磁性传动装置的转矩密度，又由于第二支撑件采用了非磁性不导电材料，可以避免第三转动件3、第二转轴82、第二转动件2在电路上是短接的状态，以减小涡流损耗。作为优选，第二支撑件821为强度高热导热性能好的环氧树脂制成，当然，在其他的实施方式中，第二支撑件821的材质也可以为尼龙、塑料、酚醛树脂、聚甲醛、陶瓷等材料。
进一步，第二支撑件821为圆盘状，第二支撑件821上靠近其外边缘处伸出一个第二环形凸起821a，第二环形凸起821a朝向第一转动件1的方向凸起，第三铁芯31与第三永磁体32安装在第二环形凸起821a外，且第三铁芯31位于第三永磁体32与第二支撑件821的外边缘之间，以使得第三永磁体32相对靠近调磁环42，同时利用第二支撑件821可便于第三转动件3与第二转轴82之间的装配连接。
第一铁芯11及第三铁芯31分别由硅钢片卷绕而成。第一铁芯11的具体结构如图3所示，本实施例中第三铁芯31的结构与图3中第一铁芯11的结构相同。第二铁芯21由硅钢片沿轴向叠压而成，以减小涡流损耗。
下面详细地描述第一永磁体12、第二永磁体22、第三永磁体32及调磁环42之间的关系。
如图2所示，第一永磁体12包括2N1个第一永磁块120，2N1个第一永磁块120沿周向排布成环状，2N1个第一永磁块120的磁极沿轴向交替充磁构成N1对永磁极。第三永磁体32包括2N2个第三永磁块320，2N2个第三永磁块320沿周向排布成环状，2N2个第三永磁块320的磁极沿轴向交替充磁构成N2对永磁极。第二永磁体22包括2N2个第二永磁块220，2N2个第二永磁块220沿周向排布成环状，2N2个第二永磁块220的磁极沿径向交替充磁构成N2对永磁极，即第三永磁块320与第二永磁块220的数目相同。作为优选，第一永磁体12、第二永磁体22及第三永磁体32均采用高性能的铁铷硼材料制成。
如图4、图5所示，各第三永磁块320与各第二永磁块220在径向上一一对应设置。即，第二永磁体22中每一个永磁块在沿轴向上投影形成的扇形区域与第三永磁体32中每一个永磁块在沿轴向上投影形成的扇形区域二者在径向上正好对应。一一对应的第三永磁块320与第二永磁块220之间装配成阶梯
状，且二者之间相临近处的磁极相同，如图4、5所示，二者相临近处的磁极是指，第三永磁块320上靠近调磁环42一端的磁极与正对该第三永磁块320设置的第二永磁块220的外侧端相邻近。如，第三永磁块320上靠近调磁环42一端的磁极为N极时，与该第三永磁块320正对设置的第二永磁块220的外侧端磁极也为N极；若第三永磁块320上靠近调磁环42一端的磁极为S极时，与该第三永磁块320正对设置的第二永磁块220的外侧端磁极也为S极。一一对应的第三永磁块320与第二永磁块220之间装配成阶梯状，该结构及磁极设置可以将第二永磁体22和第三永磁体32产生的磁力线逼到第一转动件1一侧，可以进一步增大磁场耦合程度，提高磁性传动装置的转矩密度。
如图2、图6所示，调磁环42包括N3个调磁块420。N3个调磁块420沿周向等间隔均匀排布。N3＝N1+N2，N1、N2均为正整数。本发明提供的磁性传动装置是通过磁场调制原理实现的，调制出的空间磁场谐波要进行稳定的能量传递，磁场谐波的极对数和转速要相同，故其满足条件：N3＝N1+N2，其中，N1、N2均为正整数。第一转动件以ω1速度转动；所述第二转动件和第三转动件随所述第二转轴以相同的转速ω2转动，其中
负号表示转速方向相反。若N1＞N2，则第一永磁体12所在的第一转动件1及第一转轴81为慢速侧，第二转动件2、第三转动件3及第二转轴82为快速侧。若N1<N2，则第一永磁体12所在的第一转动件1及第一转轴81为快速侧，第二转动件2、第三转动件3及第二转轴82为慢速侧。换言之，第二转动件2、第三转动件3及第二转轴82所连成的整体可以为慢速侧可以是快速侧。对于本技术领域的人员而言，根据本发明的结构，调整N1、N2、N3三者的数目以达到不同的变速效果所设计的磁性传动装置均在本发明的保护范围内。
在本实施例中，如图6所示，调磁座41为环状，其内侧面开设有多个调磁槽410，多个调磁槽410沿周向均匀排布设置，调磁块420固定在调磁槽410中，且二者一一对应配合。利用调磁槽410可避免调磁块420的周向及径向移动。进一步，不动件4还包括第一外壳461及第二外壳462，第一外壳461与第二外壳462均为管状，二者与调磁座同轴设置，且调磁座41位于第一外壳461与第二外壳462之间。本实施例中，第一外壳461、第二外壳462及调磁
座41为一体成型，即三者加工成一个零件，以减少部件，便于加工制备，利于装配。第一转动件1设置在第一外壳461中，第二转动件2设置在第二外壳462中，从而利用第一外壳461与第二外壳462来形成整个磁性传动装置的外壳。
作为优选，调磁块420由软磁粉末压制成型在调磁槽410中，使得调磁块420在加工过程中与调磁座41为一体化的结构设计，以便于加工制备。第一外壳461、第二外壳462及调磁座41一体成型的整体由非磁性不导电材料制成，具体可以为尼龙、塑料、环氧树脂、酚醛树脂、聚甲醛、陶瓷等，优选为强度高导热性能较好的环氧树脂。
进一步，如图1、图2所示，不动件4还包括第一端盖431与第二端盖432，第一端盖431与第二端盖432分别通过螺钉或其他方式固定在第一外壳461与第二外壳462的端部。第一转轴81穿设第一端盖431，且二者之间设有轴承441及卡环451，以便于第一转轴81与第一端盖431之间的装配，并保证第一转轴81转动的稳定性。第二转轴82穿设第二端盖432，且二者之间亦设有轴承442及卡环452，以便于第二转轴82与第二端盖432之间的装配，并保证第二转轴82转动的稳定性。
第一转轴81与第二转轴82相互靠近的端部之间设有轴承83，以便于第一转轴81与第二转轴82之间的对应装配，同时利于保证二者转动的稳定性。
本发明提出的磁性传动装置具有轴向，径向混合磁路，第一永磁体12、第二永磁体22、第三永磁体32产生的磁场都被调磁环42调制，在轴向气隙和径向气隙中有更多的磁场谐波参与了转矩的传动，充分利用了有限的几何空间；第二永磁体22和第三永磁体32的充磁方式和相对应的位置关系，迫使第二永磁体22和第三永磁体32产生的磁力线到第一转动件1一侧，增大了磁场耦合程度，提高了磁性齿轮的转矩密度。第二支撑件821采用非磁性不导电材料，既阻止了第三永磁体32产生的磁场经第三铁芯31、调磁环41、第二永磁体22、第二铁芯21、第二转轴82构成磁回路，又迫使第二永磁体22和第三永磁体32产生的磁力线到第一转动件1一侧，还避免第三转动件3、第二转轴82及第二转动件2在电路上是短接的状态，减小了涡流损耗。
如图7至图10所示，为本发明提供的磁性传动装置的另一实施方式。
不动件4a的调磁座41a、第一外壳461a与第二外壳462a三者为分体式结构，且通过螺栓固定连接。第一端盖431固定连接于第一外壳461a上远离调磁座41a的一端，第二端盖432固定连接于第二外壳462a上远离调磁座41a的另一端。在本实施例中，利用螺栓9依次穿设第一端盖431、第一外壳461a、调磁座41a、第二外壳462a及第二端盖432将不动件4的各个部件连接在一起，以便于装配连接。螺栓9可以为多个，沿周向均匀排布设置。
调磁座41a、第一外壳461a及第二外壳462a均为同一非磁性不导电材料制成，具体可以为尼龙、塑料、环氧树脂、酚醛树脂、聚甲醛、陶瓷等，优选为强度高导热性能较好的环氧树脂。
进一步，调磁座41a上开有多个通孔40，通孔40与调磁槽410一一对应，通孔40沿轴向设置，且通孔40位于调磁槽410与调磁座41a的外侧面之间，不动件4a还包括多个丝带(图中未示出)，各丝带与各通孔一一对应，丝带穿过通孔40及调磁座41a的环内侧绕成环状，并将调磁块420a包裹在丝带中，从而使调磁块420a牢固地固定在调磁座41a上。
作为优选，如图10所示，调磁块420a由硅钢片沿周向叠压而成，由于调磁环既要调制径向磁场还要调制轴向磁场，调磁块420a由硅钢片沿周向叠压而成可以减小这两个磁场变化引起的涡流损耗。
本实施例中与前一实施例的区别仅在于不动件的结构，其他部分与前一实施例相同，在此不再赘述。此处，在其他的实施方式中，调磁座41a可以与第一外壳461a一体成型为一个部件，并与第二外壳462a通过螺栓固定连接；或者，调磁座41a可以与第二壳462a一体成型为一个部件，并与第一外壳461a通过螺栓固定连接。
以上是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (10)
- 一种磁性传动装置，其特征在于，包括第一转轴、第二转轴、第一转动件、第二转动件、第三转动件及不动件；所述第一转轴、第二转轴、第一转动件、第二转动件及第三转动件均相对所述不动件转动设置；所述第一转轴与所述第二转轴同轴设置，且二者沿轴向排布，所述第一转动件与所述第一转轴刚性连接为一整体，所述第二转动件、所述第三转动件与所述第二转轴三者固定连接为一整体；所述第一转动件、第二转动件及第三转动件三者沿轴向依次排布；所述第一转动件包括第一铁芯、第一永磁体及第一支撑件；所述第一铁芯与第一永磁体均为环状，所述第一铁芯与第一永磁体均安装在所述第一支撑件上；所述第一支撑件与所述第一转轴刚性连接；所述第二转动件包括第二铁芯与第二永磁体，所述第二转动件固定在所述第二转轴上；所述第二铁芯与第二永磁体均为环状，所述第二永磁体同心同轴安装在第二铁芯上；所述第三转动件包括第三铁芯、第三永磁体及第二支撑件；所述第二支撑件固定于所述第二转轴；所述第三铁芯与第三永磁体均为环状，二者均安装在所述第二支撑件上；所述不动件主要包括调磁座及调磁环；所述调磁座由非磁性不导电材料制成；所述调磁环为环状，所述调磁环固定于所述调磁座；所述第二转动件位于所述调磁环中，二者同心同轴设置；所述第一铁芯、所述第一永磁体、所述调磁环、所述第三永磁体及所述第三铁芯同轴设置，且沿轴向依次排布；所述第一永磁体及所述第三永磁体均沿轴向充磁，所述第二永磁体沿径向充磁。
- 根据权利要求1所述的磁性传动装置，其特征在于，所述第一支撑件、所述第一转轴及所述第二转轴均由非导磁材料制成；所述第二支撑件由非磁性不导电材料制成。
- 根据权利要求1所述的磁性传动装置，其特征在于，所述第一永磁体包括2N1个第一永磁块，2N1个所述第一永磁块沿周向排布成环状，2N1个第 一永磁块的磁极沿轴向交替充磁构成N1对永磁极；所述第三永磁体包括2N2个第三永磁块，2N2个所述第三永磁块沿周向排布成环状，2N2个所述第三永磁块的磁极沿轴向交替充磁构成N2对永磁极；所述第二永磁体包括2N2个第二永磁块，2N2个所述第二永磁块沿周向排布成环状，2N2个所述第二永磁块的磁极沿径向交替充磁构成N2对永磁极；所述调磁环包括N3个调磁块，N3个所述调磁块沿周向等间隔均匀排布；N3＝N1+N2，N1、N2均为正整数且N1≠N2。
- 根据权利要求3所述的磁性传动装置，其特征在于，所述第一转动件以ω1速度转动；所述第二转动件和第三转动件随所述第二转轴以相同的转速ω2转动；其中负号表示转速方向相反。
- 根据权利要求3所述的磁性传动装置，其特征在于，所述第三永磁块与所述第二永磁块在径向上一一对应设置，一一对应的所述第三永磁块与第二永磁块之间装配成阶梯状，且二者之间相临近处的磁极相同。
- 根据权利要求1所述的磁性传动装置，其特征在于，所述第一永磁体与第三永磁体二者的内径相同、且二者的外径也相同，所述调磁环位于所述第一永磁体与所述第三永磁体之间的正中间位置，且所述调磁环的内径与所述第一永磁体的内径相同。
- 根据权利要求1所述的磁性传动装置，其特征在于，所述不动件还包括管状的第一外壳及管状的第二外壳；所述调磁座内侧面开设有多个调磁槽，多个所述调磁槽沿周向均匀排布设置，所述调磁环的调磁块固定在所述调磁槽中；所述第一外壳与第二外壳与所述调磁座同轴设置，所述调磁座位于所述第一外壳与第二外壳之间；所述第一转动件设置在所述第一外壳中，所述第二转动件设置在所述第二外壳中。
- 根据权利要求7所述的磁性传动装置，其特征在于，所述第一外壳、所述第二外壳与所述调磁座为一体成型；或者，所述第一外壳、所述第二外壳与所述调磁座三者为分体式结构，且通过螺栓固定连接。
- 根据权利要求7所述的磁性传动装置，其特征在于，所述调磁块由软磁粉末压制成型在所述调磁槽中；或者，所述调磁块由硅钢片沿周向叠压而成。
- 根据权利要求7所述的磁性传动装置，其特征在于，所述调磁座上开设有多个通孔，所述通孔与所述调磁槽一一对应，所述通孔沿轴向设置，且所述通孔位于所述调磁槽与所述调磁座的外侧面之间；所述不动件还包括多个丝带，各所述丝带与各所述通孔一一对应，所述丝带穿设所述通孔及所述调磁座的环内侧绕成环状，并将所述调磁块包裹在丝带中。
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| US15/032,281 US9985513B2 (en) | 2014-11-19 | 2014-11-19 | Magnetic transmission apparatus |
| PCT/CN2014/091670 WO2016078039A1 (zh) | 2014-11-19 | 2014-11-19 | 一种磁性传动装置 |
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| PCT/CN2014/091670 WO2016078039A1 (zh) | 2014-11-19 | 2014-11-19 | 一种磁性传动装置 |
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| CN108233672A (zh) * | 2017-08-31 | 2018-06-29 | 河南航天液压气动技术有限公司 | 一种旋转电磁铁 |
| CN109525094A (zh) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-03-26 | 上海鑫国动力科技有限公司 | 一种步进式磁性齿轮 |
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| CN107579635B (zh) * | 2017-07-28 | 2023-06-23 | 华南理工大学 | 一种转子式永磁水密转矩传动轴 |
| CN109391123A (zh) * | 2017-08-14 | 2019-02-26 | 丁金助 | 磁能传动装置及具有磁能传动装置的发电系统 |
| CN108667264A (zh) * | 2018-05-02 | 2018-10-16 | 中山市金马科技娱乐设备股份有限公司 | 一种非接触式磁传动装置及其使用方法及带有其的旋转设备 |
| CN110176849B (zh) * | 2019-06-14 | 2024-01-26 | 安徽沃弗永磁科技有限公司 | 一种单面传动空冷型永磁调速器 |
| DE102021202458A1 (de) * | 2021-03-15 | 2022-09-15 | Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Modulator für ein Magnetgetriebe und Magnetgetriebe |
| CN113991967B (zh) * | 2021-09-30 | 2023-07-14 | 清华大学 | 一种非接触式永磁支撑装置 |
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