WO2016075931A1 - 避難予測システム、避難予測方法及びコンピュータ読み取り可能記録媒体 - Google Patents
避難予測システム、避難予測方法及びコンピュータ読み取り可能記録媒体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016075931A1 WO2016075931A1 PCT/JP2015/005612 JP2015005612W WO2016075931A1 WO 2016075931 A1 WO2016075931 A1 WO 2016075931A1 JP 2015005612 W JP2015005612 W JP 2015005612W WO 2016075931 A1 WO2016075931 A1 WO 2016075931A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C21/00—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
- G01C21/26—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 specially adapted for navigation in a road network
- G01C21/34—Route searching; Route guidance
- G01C21/3407—Route searching; Route guidance specially adapted for specific applications
- G01C21/3415—Dynamic re-routing, e.g. recalculating the route when the user deviates from calculated route or after detecting real-time traffic data or accidents
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C21/00—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
- G01C21/26—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 specially adapted for navigation in a road network
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
- G06F30/22—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using Petri net models
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
- G06Q10/04—Forecasting or optimisation specially adapted for administrative or management purposes, e.g. linear programming or "cutting stock problem"
- G06Q10/047—Optimisation of routes or paths, e.g. travelling salesman problem
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
- G06Q10/06—Resources, workflows, human or project management; Enterprise or organisation planning; Enterprise or organisation modelling
- G06Q10/063—Operations research, analysis or management
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q90/00—Systems or methods specially adapted for administrative, commercial, financial, managerial or supervisory purposes, not involving significant data processing
- G06Q90/20—Destination assistance within a business structure or complex
- G06Q90/205—Building evacuation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B7/00—Signalling systems according to more than one of groups G08B3/00 - G08B6/00; Personal calling systems according to more than one of groups G08B3/00 - G08B6/00
- G08B7/06—Signalling systems according to more than one of groups G08B3/00 - G08B6/00; Personal calling systems according to more than one of groups G08B3/00 - G08B6/00 using electric transmission, e.g. involving audible and visible signalling through the use of sound and light sources
- G08B7/066—Signalling systems according to more than one of groups G08B3/00 - G08B6/00; Personal calling systems according to more than one of groups G08B3/00 - G08B6/00 using electric transmission, e.g. involving audible and visible signalling through the use of sound and light sources guiding along a path, e.g. evacuation path lighting strip
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
- G08G1/0104—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions
- G08G1/0137—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions for specific applications
- G08G1/0141—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions for specific applications for traffic information dissemination
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
- G08G1/0962—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions having an indicator mounted inside the vehicle, e.g. giving voice messages
- G08G1/0968—Systems involving transmission of navigation instructions to the vehicle
- G08G1/096833—Systems involving transmission of navigation instructions to the vehicle where different aspects are considered when computing the route
- G08G1/096844—Systems involving transmission of navigation instructions to the vehicle where different aspects are considered when computing the route where the complete route is dynamically recomputed based on new data
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- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16Z—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G16Z99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other main groups of this subclass
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an evacuation prediction system, an evacuation prediction method, and a computer-readable recording medium.
- the road network as an evacuation route may be damaged and a failure may occur.
- the evacuation passage cannot pass. Therefore, when an evacuation plan for an evacuee is drawn up, it may be necessary to consider the disaster situation and recovery plan regarding the evacuation route.
- a recovery plan for a failure that has occurred in the road network or the like may need to be designed so that the time required for evacuation of the victim is shortened. Then, it is desirable that a recovery plan for a failure occurring in the road network or the like is made according to the situation of individual victims and the recovery status of the location where the failure occurred.
- Patent Document 1 describes an evacuation plan evaluation system and the like.
- the number of persons requiring assistance calculates the number of persons requiring assistance during evacuation based on the attribute information of the user of the mobile device.
- the number-of-evacuation destination calculation unit calculates the number of evacuees who evacuate to their homes and evacuation centers.
- the simulation unit performs a simulation when an evacuee evacuates from each polygon area to the home and evacuation site.
- a score calculation part calculates the score for an evacuation plan based on the number of persons requiring assistance, the number of evacuees, and a simulation result.
- Patent Document 2 describes a data processing device that can predict a destination even when there is a lack in data on the current location acquired in real time.
- Patent Document 3 describes an evacuation time predicting device that predicts an evacuation time from a multi-level building having stairs.
- the readability, reusability, expandability, etc. of the model used in the simulation are not necessarily considered. That is, in the evacuation plan evaluation system described in Patent Document 1, it may be difficult to cope with various situations related to evacuation when estimating the time required for evacuation of a disaster victim.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problem, and provides an evacuation prediction system that can cope with various situations related to evacuation when estimating the time required for evacuation of a disaster victim. Main purpose.
- the evacuation prediction system provides an evacuation route and an evacuation for each refugee based on information on an evacuee's evacuation route and information on a restoration time of the failure location that is a location where the failure occurred in the evacuation route.
- An evacuation submodel representing the position of the refugee on the route, a restoration submodel representing the restoration status at each failure location, and model generation means for producing relationship information representing the relationship between the evacuation submodel and the restoration submodel; Analyzing means for predicting the time required for the evacuation of the evacuees to finish by analyzing the evacuation submodel, the recovery submodel and the related information.
- the evacuation prediction method provides an evacuation route for each refugee based on information on an evacuee's evacuation route and information on the recovery time of the failure location that is a location where the failure occurred in the evacuation route.
- Evacuation sub-model that represents the location of the refugee in the evacuation route
- a recovery sub-model that represents the recovery status at each failure location
- relationship information that represents the relationship between the evacuation sub-model and the recovery sub-model.
- the computer-readable recording medium is a computer-readable recording medium based on information on an evacuation route of an evacuee and information on a recovery time of a failure occurrence location that is a location where the failure occurred on the evacuation route.
- An evacuation sub-model representing the evacuation route and the position of the refugee in the evacuation route, a restoration sub-model representing the restoration status at each failure location, and relationship information representing the relationship between the evacuation sub-model and the restoration sub-model
- an evacuation prediction system that can cope with various situations related to evacuation when estimating the time required for evacuation of a disaster victim.
- each component of each device represents a functional unit block.
- Each component of each device can be realized by any combination of an information processing device 500 and software as shown in FIG. 13, for example.
- the information processing apparatus 500 includes the following configuration as an example.
- each device can be realized as a dedicated device.
- Each device can be realized by a combination of a plurality of devices.
- the direction of the arrow in a drawing shows an example and does not limit the direction of the signal between components.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of an evacuation prediction system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of evacuation information and recovery information used in the model generation unit of the evacuation prediction system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of evacuation information and recovery information used in the model generation unit of the evacuation prediction system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating another example of the evacuation information and the recovery information used in the model generation unit of the evacuation prediction system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of an evacuation prediction system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of evacuation information and recovery information used in the model generation unit of the evacuation prediction system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of evacuation information and recovery information used in the model generation unit of the evacuation prediction system according to the first embodiment of the present
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating another example of the evacuation information and the recovery information used in the model generation unit of the evacuation prediction system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of the evacuation submodel and the recovery submodel generated by the model generation unit of the evacuation prediction system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of relation information generated by the model generation unit of the evacuation prediction system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is an example of the time required for evacuation of the evacuees predicted by the analysis unit of the evacuation prediction system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is an example of the time required for evacuation of the evacuees predicted by the analysis unit of the evacuation prediction system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is another example of the time required for evacuation of the evacuees predicted by the analysis unit of the evacuation prediction system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is another example of the time required for evacuation of the evacuees predicted by the analysis unit of the evacuation prediction system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing the operation of the evacuation prediction system in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the evacuation prediction system 100 includes a model generation unit 110 and an analysis unit 120.
- the model generation unit 110 generates the evacuation submodel, the recovery submodel, and the relationship information based on the evacuation information about the evacuee's evacuation route and the restoration information about the restoration timing of the location where the failure occurred in the evacuation route.
- the analysis unit 120 predicts the time required for the evacuee to evacuate by analyzing the evacuation submodel, the recovery submodel, and the relationship information.
- the evacuation sub-model represents an evacuation route that is a road network or the like through which an evacuee may pass during evacuation, and the position of the evacuee in the evacuation route.
- the recovery sub-model represents a recovery plan at a failure location and a recovery status at each failure location.
- the relationship information represents the relationship between the evacuation submodel and the recovery submodel.
- sTPN probability time Petri net
- STPN is represented as a set of ⁇ P, T, A-, A +, A ⁇ , m0, EFT, LFT, F, C, E, L> as an example. Each of these elements is represented by a predetermined figure (not shown).
- P is a set of places.
- the place is represented by a white circle.
- T is a set of transitions.
- transitions are represented by white squares or bars.
- A- is an input arc that connects a place and a transition in the direction from the place to the transition.
- a + is an output arc that connects the place and the transition in the direction from the transition to the place.
- the input arc and the output arc may be simply referred to as an arc.
- the arc In the diagram representing sTPN, the arc is represented by an arrow.
- A. is an inhibitor arc that connects places and transitions in the direction from place to transition.
- the inhibitor arc In the diagram representing sTPN, the inhibitor arc is represented by an arrow with a round tip.
- M0 is an initial marking that represents the number of non-negative tokens in each place.
- the token is represented by a black circle arranged inside the place.
- EFT and LFT are the minimum and maximum firing times for each transition included in T.
- EFT is a non-negative real number including zero.
- LFT is a non-negative real number including zero and infinity. Further, the value of LFT is equal to or greater than the value of EFT.
- F is a cumulative distribution function relating to the firing time between EFT and LFT for each transition included in T.
- C is a weight representing the ease of firing for each of a plurality of transitions that can be fired when a plurality of transitions can fire simultaneously.
- C is assigned for transitions that can be fired simultaneously.
- E is an enabling function associated with the marking for each transition included in T.
- L (flushed function) is assigned to the transition. When the transition to which L is assigned is ignited, the token on the place associated with L is erased regardless of the connection relationship by arc with the transition.
- a transition can be ignited in the following cases.
- the transition fires, one token is reduced from the places connected via the input arc, and one token is added to the place connected via the output arc.
- the time is larger than the EFT value and smaller than the LFT value. • The enabling function is true.
- sTPN The details of sTPN are, for example, “Vicario, E., Sassoli, L., and Carnevali, L. (2009) 'Using stativate esthenate sensible efficiencies. 35, No. 5, pp. 703-719.
- An example of generating a sub model or the like by the model generation unit 110 is shown below. First, an example of generating an evacuation submodel by the model generation unit 110 will be described. As an example, the model generation unit 110 generates an evacuation submodel using sTPN as follows.
- the model generation unit 110 generates, for example, an evacuation submodel for each individual who needs evacuation.
- the model generation unit 110 can generate an evacuation sub-model by using a different refugee as a unit.
- the model generation unit 110 generates an evacuation submodel for each group of persons who need evacuation in a certain area.
- the model generation unit 110 can generate an evacuation submodel for each group of evacuees having an arbitrary attribute such as an injured person, a sick person, or a person engaged in a specific occupation. That is, the model generation unit 110 can generate an evacuation submodel for each evacuee who has the predetermined condition as described above.
- the model generation unit 110 receives evacuation information regarding the evacuation route of the refugee when generating the evacuation submodel. That is, when the evacuation submodel is generated, the input to the model generation unit 110 is the evacuation information.
- the evacuation information includes, for example, geographical information related to an evacuation route, information on an evacuation route that is a route through which an evacuee passes according to an evacuation source, an evacuation destination, and a recovery status of the evacuation route.
- the geographical information related to the evacuation route is represented in a form such as a directed graph shown in FIG.
- areas and places where evacuees may stay are represented as nodes.
- an area indicated by a node indicated by a circle with a number 1 or 2 is a disaster area.
- the area indicated by the node with the number 6 or 7 is an area that is a candidate for an evacuation destination.
- the road network that connects the areas where evacuees may stay and can serve as an evacuation route is represented as an arrow as a link.
- the direction of the arrow is determined according to the direction in which the evacuees evacuate.
- the location where the fault has occurred when there is a location where a fault has occurred in the road network (hereinafter referred to as “the location where the fault has occurred”), information indicating that is located at the position corresponding to the location where the fault has occurred as necessary. Attached.
- FIG. 2 (A) it is assumed that a road network is faulty at two locations f1 and f2 and cannot pass.
- FIG. 2B shows information regarding the evacuation source, the evacuation destination, and the evacuation route regarding the evacuee E1.
- the evacuee E1 evacuates from the area corresponding to the node assigned number 1 in FIG. 2A to the area corresponding to the node assigned number 6.
- evacuation takes place on the evacuation route indicated by (i) to (iv) in FIG. 2 (B) in accordance with the restoration status of f1 and f2, which are the locations where the failure has occurred.
- the evacuation information requires transit time when passing through the evacuation route, the number of people accommodated in each area, the capacity of the evacuation route (for example, the number of people who can pass per unit time), etc. Contains information about time.
- FIG. 3 correspond to the positions of the numbers given to the nodes of the graph indicating the evacuation route in FIG.
- geographic information is the same as in the example of FIG.
- the evacuee E2 evacuates from the area corresponding to the node numbered 3 in FIG. 4A to the area corresponding to the node numbered 7. It is assumed that Then, it is assumed that evacuation takes place on the evacuation route indicated by (i) to (iv) in FIG. 4B according to the restoration status of f1 and f2, which are the places where the failure occurred.
- the information on the evacuation source, the evacuation destination, and the evacuation route shown in FIG. 4 is also expressed in a format as shown in FIG.
- the model generation unit 110 generates an evacuation submodel based on the evacuation information as follows, for example.
- the model generation unit 110 generates a model representing an area or the like corresponding to a node in geographic information serving as an evacuation route in an evacuation submodel.
- the model generation unit 110 represents this model as a place.
- the model generation unit 110 may generate information on areas corresponding to all nodes included in the geographic information in the evacuation submodel.
- the model of the region generated by the evacuation submodel (the region represented by a place when using sTPN) is appropriately determined according to the region represented by the geographic information, the evacuation route, and the like.
- the model generation unit 110 generates information representing the connection relationship in the geographic information serving as an evacuation route in the evacuation submodel.
- the model generation unit 110 represents this information as an arc connecting a transition and a place corresponding to a connection source and a transition, and an arc connecting a transition and a place corresponding to a connection destination.
- the direction of the arc is the same as the direction in the evacuation route, for example.
- the model generation unit 110 generates a model related to the travel time on the evacuation route and its probability distribution as elements of the evacuation sub-model according to the characteristics of the travel time.
- the model generation unit 110 can represent this information by assigning the minimum ignition time, the maximum ignition time, the cumulative distribution function, and the like to the corresponding transition.
- the model generation unit 110 generates a model representing the initial position of the refugee as an element of the evacuation submodel.
- the model generation unit 110 represents this model by placing a token in a place corresponding to the initial position of the evacuee.
- the model generation unit 110 can generate an evacuation sub-model by selecting a region and a road network that are necessary when obtaining the time required for the evacuee to evacuate from information included in the geographic information. In other words, if the area or road network that the evacuee may pass through during evacuation is limited, the model generation unit 110 excludes information about the area or road network that is out of the evacuee's evacuation route. And an evacuation submodel can be generated.
- Examples of areas and road networks that are excluded from the evacuation submodel include areas and road networks that are away from the evacuation route and are not evacuation routes for evacuees.
- areas and road networks that are away from the evacuation route and are not evacuation routes for evacuees include areas and road networks that are away from the evacuation route and are not evacuation routes for evacuees.
- a road network that is relatively thin and requires time to pass may be excluded from the evacuation submodel.
- a road network or the like that takes time to recover and is expected to be difficult to recover within the time required to complete evacuation may be excluded from the evacuation submodel. Note that these pieces of information may be excluded from evacuation information input to the model generation unit 110 in advance.
- model generation unit 110 can store the above-described generation rules in a storage unit (not shown) in advance and generate a model with reference to the generation rules when generating the model.
- the model generation unit 110 may generate the model by acquiring the generation rule from the outside as necessary.
- the model generation unit 110 generates the evacuation submodel of FIG. 6A for the refugee E1 in FIG.
- the model generation unit 110 generates the evacuation submodel of FIG. 6B for the refugee E2 in FIG.
- model generation unit 110 generates a recovery submodel using sTPN as follows.
- the model generation unit 110 generates, for example, a recovery submodel for each recovery plan.
- the model generation unit 110 may generate a recovery submodel for each of the plurality of recovery plans. .
- the model generation unit 110 receives the recovery information regarding the evacuation route of the evacuees when generating the recovery submodel. That is, when a recovery submodel is generated, the input to the model generation unit 110 becomes this recovery information.
- the recovery information includes, for example, operations for recovery and their order.
- the operation for restoration includes, for example, the restoration work itself at the location where the failure occurred and the movement of the restoration resource for restoration.
- the order of recovery includes a case where one recovery resource performs recovery in order, and a case where a plurality of recovery resources perform recovery in parallel.
- the recovery information includes information related to a change in time required for evacuation (not shown) such as a change in time required for passing through the evacuation route and a change in capacity of the evacuation route in accordance with the failure information.
- the model generation unit 110 generates a recovery submodel based on the recovery information as follows, for example.
- the model generation unit 110 generates a model representing an initial state in the recovery plan as a recovery submodel.
- the model generation unit 110 creates a place representing the initial state in this case, and places one token in the place.
- the model generation unit 110 generates a model representing each operation for recovery as an element of the recovery submodel.
- the model generation unit 110 When sTPN is used for the restoration sub-model, the model generation unit 110 generates and represents an arc that connects the transition and the place, and the transition and the place. In this case, the progress of the corresponding operation for recovery is represented by the firing of the transition.
- the model generation unit 110 generates a recovery submodel so as to indicate the recovery order.
- the model generation unit 110 connects the place representing the initial state and the transition, place, and arc representing the operation for restoration described above according to the order of restoration. Represented by In this case, transitions, places, and arcs for connection are generated as necessary.
- the model generation unit 110 displays the recovery sub time so as to indicate the time required for recovery at each failure location, the reliability of the time required for the recovery (possibility of reworking, etc.), and the movement time of the recovery resource. Generate a model.
- the model generation unit 110 may generate a recovery submodel so that these times are represented as a probability distribution.
- the model generation unit 110 can represent this information by assigning the minimum firing time, the maximum firing time, the cumulative distribution function, and the like to the corresponding transition.
- the model generation unit 110 generates a recovery submodel so as to indicate a state indicating the recovery status of each part indicating the recovery work at each of the failed locations in the generated recovery submodel.
- the model generation unit 110 indicates a state where the failure has not been recovered (failure state) and a state where the failure has been recovered (recovery state) at the location indicating each recovery operation.
- the model generation unit 110 can configure the recovery submodel so as to express explicitly the completion of the last step in the recovery plan (that is, the completion of the recovery work).
- the model generation unit 110 generates, as an example, a model that connects an inhibitor arc to a transition that is connected with a place that represents the completion of the last step in the recovery plan and an input arc. .
- model generation unit 110 may not generate the elements as described above.
- the model generation unit 110 When sTPN is used for the recovery submodel, the model generation unit 110 generates a model so that, for example, a place indicating completion of the last step is not connected to another transition.
- FIG. 6C is an example of a recovery submodel when sTPN is used.
- the model generation unit 110 generates the recovery submodel of FIG. 6C regarding the recovery of the evacuation route of the refugee E1 in FIG. 2 and the refugee E2 shown in FIG.
- the evacuation submodel shown in FIG. 6C the evacuation submodel is generated assuming that f2 is restored first and then f1 is restored for the failure locations f1 and f2 shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. ing.
- transitions t10 and t11 are transitions indicating work for recovery for each of the fault occurrence locations f1 and f2.
- the transition t9 is a transition that indicates the movement of the recovery resource between the failure locations f1 and f2.
- Each of transitions t9 to t11 is assigned a minimum ignition time, a maximum ignition time, a cumulative distribution function, and the like according to the time required for the recovery.
- places p8 and p15 are places indicating that there is a failure state for each of the failure occurrence locations f1 and f2.
- the places p16 and p19 are places indicating that the fault occurrence locations f1 and f2 are in a recovery state.
- model generation unit 110 generates relationship information using sTPN as follows.
- the relationship information represents the relationship between the evacuation submodel and the recovery submodel. Therefore, the model generation unit 110 generates relation information according to the number of generated evacuation submodels and restoration submodels.
- the model generation unit 110 When generating the relationship information, the model generation unit 110 accepts information related to the recovery operation included in the above-described recovery information and the target failure location. That is, when the recovery submodel is generated, the input to the model generation unit 110 is such information.
- the relationship information defines the relationship between the route of evacuees in the evacuation submodel and the status of restoration relating to the failure location in the restoration submodel.
- the evacuation route of the evacuees is selected according to the recovery status of the fault location.
- relational information can fire the transition corresponding to the selected route when multiple transitions are connected to one place via the output arc. It is expressed as As an example in this case, the model generation unit 110 represents the relationship information as an sTPN enabling function.
- the model generation unit 110 can determine the order of passage of the plurality of evacuees on the evacuation route as the related information. That is, the model generation unit 110 can generate a model that indicates that when a certain refugee is passing the evacuation route, another refugee cannot pass the evacuation route. In this case, the model generation unit 110 can represent such information by an sTPN enabling function.
- FIG. 7 is an example of relationship information when sTPN is used for the evacuation submodel and the recovery submodel.
- the model generation unit 110 generates the relationship information shown in FIG. 7 for the refugee E1 in FIG. 2 and the refugee E2 shown in FIG. Regarding the evacuee E1, this relation information is generated so that the transition that can be ignited in the recovery sub-model changes depending on the recovery status of f1 and f2, which are the locations where the failure occurred.
- this relationship information is generated so that the transition that can be ignited in the recovery sub-model changes according to the recovery status of f1, which is the location of the failure.
- the analysis unit 120 predicts the time required for the evacuees to evacuate using the model generated by the model generation unit 110.
- the analysis unit 120 evacuates the refugee by searching for the evacuation submodel, the recovery submodel, and the related information generated by the model generation unit 110 from the initial state until the refugee reaches the evacuation destination. Estimate how long it will take.
- the analysis unit 120 determines the time required for the evacuee to evacuate the time until the token in the evacuation submodel reaches the place representing the evacuation destination from the initial state. can do. In obtaining this time, the analysis unit 120 can use any state search algorithm of sTPN including a known method.
- the time required for the evacuation of the evacuees predicted by the analysis unit 120 is output in an arbitrary method or format.
- the time required for the evacuation of the evacuees is represented by, for example, a cumulative distribution function of the time for the evacuation to be completed.
- FIG. 8 shows an example of a cumulative distribution function relating to the time required for the evacuation of the refugee E1 or E2 described above.
- SQ1 to SQ5 represent the order of recovery at f1 and f2, which are the locations of failure.
- ⁇ SQ1: f1 and f2 are not restored
- ⁇ SQ4: f1 is restored first, then f2 is restored
- FIG. 8 shows an example of a cumulative distribution function related to the time required for the evacuation of the evacuees E1. It can be seen that the time required for evacuation of the evacuees E1 changes according to the order of restoration.
- FIG. 9 shows an example of the cumulative distribution function relating to the time required for the evacuation of the evacuees E2.
- the cumulative distribution functions relating to the time required for the evacuation of the evacuee E2 are the same for the restoration orders SQ3 and SQ4.
- the cumulative distribution functions related to the time required for the evacuation of the evacuees E2 are the same for the restoration orders SQ1 and SQ2. This is because, as shown in FIG. 4, the restoration of the failure location f2 does not affect the evacuation route of the refugee E2.
- FIG. 10 is an example in which, for each of the restoration orders SQ1 to SQ5, one of the refugees E1 or E2 having the longer distribution of time required for evacuation is selected and shown. According to FIG. 10, it can be seen that the selection of the restoration order SQ5 is preferable when the distribution of time required for evacuation is shortened.
- FIG. 11 shows a cumulative distribution function related to the time required for the evacuees E1 and E2 to evacuate when both of the failure locations f1 and f2 are restored.
- the time required for evacuation may be the longest when SQ5 is selected as the restoration order.
- the evacuee E2 when the recovery order SQ5 is selected, the time required for evacuation is shortened.
- the restoration order when there is a difference in evacuation priority between the refugees E1 and E2, the time required for evacuation of the refugees with high priority is shortened. It can be seen that it is possible.
- the evacuation prediction system 100 can predict the time required for the evacuee to evacuate for each of the plurality of restoration orders. And, based on the prediction result of the time required for the evacuee to evacuate regarding each of the plurality of restoration orders, it is possible to devise a restoration plan according to the situation of the evacuee including, for example, the priority of evacuation I understand.
- the model generation unit 110 first receives evacuation information and recovery information (step S101).
- the model generation unit 110 receives the evacuation information and the recovery information, for example, in the format shown in FIG.
- the model generation unit 110 can receive such information via any input means or the like.
- the model generation unit 110 may use information stored in advance in an arbitrary storage unit such as a memory or a disk.
- the prediction unit 110 may accept these pieces of information via a communication network.
- the model generation unit 110 generates an evacuation submodel, a recovery submodel, and evacuation information based on the accepted evacuation information and recovery (step S102).
- the generated submodels and the like are appropriately stored in a storage unit (not shown) such as a memory or a disk so that the analysis unit 120 can refer to them.
- the analysis unit 120 analyzes the generated model and predicts the time required for the evacuee to evacuate (step S103).
- the predicted result is represented, for example, as shown in FIGS.
- the result predicted by the analysis unit 120 is output from any output means including a display device and a communication network, for example.
- the result predicted by the prediction unit 110 may be stored in an arbitrary storage unit so as to be referred to when necessary.
- the evacuation prediction system 100 uses the evacuation submodel, the restoration submodel, and the restoration based on the evacuation information on the evacuation route of the refugee and the restoration information on the restoration timing of the place where the failure occurred in the evacuation route. Generate information. And the evacuation prediction system 100 in this embodiment estimates the time required for an evacuee to evacuate using the produced
- the model generation unit 110 generates a plurality of submodels according to the contents. Therefore, the model generated by the model generation unit 110 has higher model readability than a case where an integrated model representing the contents included in each of the submodels is generated. In addition, by generating a plurality of sub-models according to the contents in the model generation unit 110, it is possible to easily correct the model when the recovery plan of the refugee or the failure location changes. . That is, the model generated in the model generation unit 110 has high extensibility of the generated model. Therefore, the evacuation prediction system 100 according to the present embodiment can cope with various situations related to evacuation when estimating the time required for evacuation of a disaster victim.
- the evacuation prediction system 100 can predict the time required for evacuation of evacuees in each case for each of different recovery plans. Therefore, the evacuation prediction system 100 according to the present embodiment obtains a recovery plan that satisfies the predetermined time by evacuating the refugee by predicting the evacuation time of the refugee in each case of different restoration plans. be able to.
- the predetermined conditions in this case include, for example, finishing evacuation within a predetermined time, or minimizing the time required for evacuation in an executable recovery plan. That is, the evacuation prediction system 100 in this embodiment is also used as a system for determining a recovery plan.
- the evacuation prediction system 100 uses sTPN as a model.
- the model used in the evacuation prediction system 100 is not limited to sTPN.
- the model generation unit 110 in the evacuation prediction system 100 can generate a model in a format other than sTPN.
- the model generation unit 110 can appropriately generate a model of the evacuation information and the recovery information including the capacity of the evacuation route, for example, by a method different from the method described above according to the model used.
- the analysis part 120 can estimate the time which an evacuee needs to evacuate by analyzing the model produced
- the model generation unit 110 can generate a model according to a rule different from the above generation rule.
- the model generation unit 110 may represent a model according to a rule different from the above generation rule, such as not using an inhibitor arc when expressing the possibility of road traffic according to the progress stage of recovery related to the failure location. It may be generated.
- the evacuation information and the recovery information received by the model generation unit 110 may be different from the above-described example.
- the model generation unit 110 can appropriately accept any information necessary for generating each submodel and the like.
- the model generation unit 110 and the analysis unit 120 may be realized as a single device, or may be realized as a single device.
- the model generation unit 110 and the analysis unit 120 are each realized as a single device, the model generation unit 110 and the analysis unit 120 are connected via, for example, a wired or wireless communication network.
- data representing each sub model or the like may be exchanged between the model generation unit 110 and the analysis unit 120 via a file.
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Abstract
Description
・ROM(Read Only Memory)502
・RAM(Random Access Memory)503
・RAM503にロードされるプログラム504
・プログラム504を格納する記憶装置505
・記憶媒体506の読み書きを行うドライブ装置507
・通信ネットワーク509と接続する通信インターフェース508
・データの入出力を行う入出力インターフェース510
・各構成要素を接続するバス511
各装置の実現方法には様々な変形例がある。例えば、各装置は、専用の装置として実現することができる。各装置は、複数の装置の組み合わせにより実現することができる。
また、各装置や各システム等の構成を示す図において、図面中の矢印の方向は一例を示すものであり、構成要素間の信号の向きを限定するものではない。
まず、本発明の第1の実施形態について説明する。図1は、本発明の第1の実施形態における避難予測システムの構成を示す図である。図2は、本発明の第1の実施形態における避難予測システムのモデル生成部にて用いられる避難情報及び復旧情報の一例を示す図である。図3は、本発明の第1の実施形態における避難予測システムのモデル生成部にて用いられる避難情報及び復旧情報の一例を示す図である。図4は、本発明の第1の実施形態における避難予測システムのモデル生成部にて用いられる避難情報及び復旧情報の別の一例を示す図である。図5は、本発明の第1の実施形態における避難予測システムのモデル生成部にて用いられる避難情報及び復旧情報の別の一例を示す図である。図6は、本発明の第1の実施形態における避難予測システムのモデル生成部にて生成される避難サブモデル及び復旧サブモデルの例を示す図である。図7は、本発明の第1の実施形態における避難予測システムのモデル生成部にて生成される関係情報の例を示す図である。図8は、本発明の第1の実施形態における避難予測システムの解析部にて予測された避難者の避難に要する時間の例である。図9は、本発明の第1の実施形態における避難予測システムの解析部にて予測された避難者の避難に要する時間の例である。図10は、本発明の第1の実施形態における避難予測システムの解析部にて予測された避難者の避難に要する時間の別の例である。図11は、本発明の第1の実施形態における避難予測システムの解析部にて予測された避難者の避難に要する時間の別の例である。図12は、本発明の第1の実施形態における避難予測システムの動作を示すフローチャートである。
・入力アークを介して接続されるプレースの全てに1つ以上のトークンが存在する。
・インヒビタ―・アークを介して接続されるプレースの全てにトークンが存在しない。
・時刻がEFTの値より大きく、LFTの値より小さい。
・エネーブリングファンクションが真となる。
モデル生成部110によるサブモデル等の生成例を以下に示す。最初に、モデル生成部110による避難サブモデルの生成例を説明する。モデル生成部110は、一例として、sTPNを用いて、避難サブモデルを以下のように生成する。
次に、モデル生成部110による復旧サブモデルの生成例を説明する。モデル生成部110は、一例として、sTPNを用いて、復旧サブモデルを以下のように生成する。
次に、モデル生成部110による関係情報の生成例を説明する。モデル生成部110は、一例として、sTPNを用いて、関係情報を以下のように生成する。
・SQ1:f1及びf2が未復旧
・SQ2:f2のみが復旧完了
・SQ3:f1のみが復旧完了
・SQ4:f1が先に復旧し、続いてf2が復旧
・SQ5:f2が先に復旧し、続いてf1が復旧
図8は、避難者E1の避難に要する時間に関する累積分布関数の一例を示す。復旧の順序に応じて、避難者E1の避難に要する時間が変化することが分かる。
なお、本実施形態においては、種々の変形例が考えられる。例えば、避難予測システム100は、モデルとしてsTPNを用いた。しかしながら、避難予測システム100にて用いられるモデルは、sTPNに限られない。上述した生成規則に基づいてモデルを生成することが可能であれば、避難予測システム100におけるモデル生成部110は、sTPN以外の形式にてモデルを生成することができる。この場合においては、モデル生成部110は、例えば避難経路の容量等を含む避難情報や復旧情報を、用いられるモデルに応じて、上述した方法と異なる方法にて適宜モデルを生成することができる。そして、解析部120は、sTPN以外の形式にて生成されたモデルをそれぞれのモデルに適した手法にて解析することで、避難者の避難に要する時間を予測することができる。
110 モデル生成部
120 解析部
500 情報処理装置
501 CPU
502 ROM
503 RAM
504 プログラム
505 記憶装置
506 記憶媒体
507 ドライブ装置
508 通信インターフェース
509 通信ネットワーク
510 入出力インターフェース
511 バス
Claims (11)
- 避難者の避難経路に関する避難情報及び前記避難経路において障害が発生した個所である障害発生個所の復旧時期に関する復旧情報に基づいて、前記避難者の各々に対する前記避難経路と前記避難経路における前記避難者の位置とを表す避難サブモデル、前記障害発生個所の各々における復旧状況を表す復旧サブモデル、及び、前記避難サブモデルと前記復旧サブモデルとの関係を表す関係情報を生成するモデル生成手段と、
前記避難サブモデル、前記復旧サブモデル及び前記関係情報を解析することによって、前記避難者の避難に要する時間を予測する解析手段を備える、避難予測システム。 - 前記モデル生成手段は、所定の関係にある前記避難者毎に前記避難サブモデルを生成する、請求項1に記載の避難予測システム。
- 前記モデル生成手段は、前記障害発生個所の復旧計画毎に前記復旧サブモデルを生成する、請求項1又は2に記載の避難予測システム。
- 前記モデル生成手段は、前記復旧サブモデルにおける前記障害発生個所の復旧状況に応じて、前記避難サブモデルにおける前記避難者の移動に関する状態遷移を制御するように前記関係情報を生成する、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の避難予測システム。
- 前記モデル生成手段は、前記避難者の移動に要する時間又は前記障害発生個所の復旧に関連する時間の少なくとも一方を確率分布にて表す前記モデルを生成する、
請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の避難予測システム。 - 前記予測手段は、前記避難者の避難に要する時間の分布を予測する、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の避難予測システム。
- 前記避難サブモデル、前記復旧サブモデル及び前記関係情報は、確率時間ペトリネットにて表されている、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の避難予測システム。
- 避難者の避難経路に関する情報及び避難経路において障害が発生した個所である障害発生個所の復旧時期に関する情報に基づいて、前記避難者の各々に対する前記避難経路と前記避難経路における前記避難者の位置とを表す避難サブモデル、前記障害発生個所の各々における復旧状況を表す復旧サブモデル、及び、前記避難サブモデルと前記復旧サブモデルとの関係を表す関係情報を生成するモデル生成手段を備える、モデル生成装置。
- 避難者の各々に対する避難経路と前記避難経路における前記避難者の位置とを表す避難サブモデル、前記において障害が発生した個所である障害発生個所の各々における復旧状況を表す復旧サブモデル、及び、前記避難サブモデルと前記復旧サブモデルとの関係を表す関係情報を解析することによって、前記避難者の避難に要する時間を予測する解析手段を備える、モデル解析装置。
- 避難者の避難経路に関する情報及び前記避難経路において障害が発生した個所である障害発生個所の復旧時期に関する情報に基づいて、前記避難者の各々に対する前記避難経路と前記避難経路における前記避難者の位置とを表す避難サブモデル、前記障害発生個所の各々における復旧状況を表す復旧サブモデル、及び、前記避難サブモデルと前記復旧サブモデルとの関係を表す関係情報を生成し、
前記避難サブモデル、前記復旧サブモデル及び前記関係情報を解析することによって、前記避難者の避難に要する時間を予測する、避難予測方法。 - コンピュータに、
避難者の避難経路に関する情報及び前記避難経路において障害が発生した個所である障害発生個所の復旧時期に関する情報に基づいて、前記避難者の各々に対する前記避難経路と前記避難経路における前記避難者の位置とを表す避難サブモデル、前記障害発生個所の各々における復旧状況を表す復旧サブモデル、及び、前記避難サブモデルと前記復旧サブモデルとの関係を表す関係情報を生成する処理と、
前記避難サブモデル、前記復旧サブモデル及び前記関係情報を解析することによって、前記避難者の避難に要する時間を予測する処理とを実行させるプログラムを格納したコンピュータ読み取り可能記録媒体。
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TAKASHI MINAMOTO ET AL.: "DEVELOPMENT OF TSUNAMI EVACUATION SIMULATION SYSTEM AND ITS APPLICATION TO ASSESSMENT OF AREA REFUGE SAFETY", JOURNAL OF THE JAPAN SOCIETY OF CIVIL ENGINEERS A1 (STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING & EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING, vol. 65, no. 1, 28 June 2009 (2009-06-28), pages 757 - 767, XP003034338, ISSN: 2185-4653 * |
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