WO2016074582A1 - 燃气预混燃烧器及燃气热水器 - Google Patents

燃气预混燃烧器及燃气热水器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016074582A1
WO2016074582A1 PCT/CN2015/093788 CN2015093788W WO2016074582A1 WO 2016074582 A1 WO2016074582 A1 WO 2016074582A1 CN 2015093788 W CN2015093788 W CN 2015093788W WO 2016074582 A1 WO2016074582 A1 WO 2016074582A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
combustion
hole
gas
burner
substrate
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Application number
PCT/CN2015/093788
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
韦瑞洪
杨京战
Original Assignee
艾欧史密斯(中国)热水器有限公司
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Application filed by 艾欧史密斯(中国)热水器有限公司 filed Critical 艾欧史密斯(中国)热水器有限公司
Priority to US15/523,273 priority Critical patent/US10215403B2/en
Publication of WO2016074582A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016074582A1/zh

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23DBURNERS
    • F23D14/00Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/02Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23DBURNERS
    • F23D11/00Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/36Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
    • F23D11/40Mixing tubes or chambers; Burner heads
    • F23D11/406Flame stabilising means, e.g. flame holders
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23DBURNERS
    • F23D14/00Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/12Radiant burners
    • F23D14/14Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates
    • F23D14/145Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates combustion being stabilised at a screen or a perforated plate
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23DBURNERS
    • F23D14/00Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/26Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid with provision for a retention flame
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23DBURNERS
    • F23D14/00Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/48Nozzles
    • F23D14/58Nozzles characterised by the shape or arrangement of the outlet or outlets from the nozzle, e.g. of annular configuration
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23DBURNERS
    • F23D14/00Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/48Nozzles
    • F23D14/58Nozzles characterised by the shape or arrangement of the outlet or outlets from the nozzle, e.g. of annular configuration
    • F23D14/583Nozzles characterised by the shape or arrangement of the outlet or outlets from the nozzle, e.g. of annular configuration of elongated shape, e.g. slits
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24HFLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/10Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium
    • F24H1/12Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium
    • F24H1/124Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium using fluid fuel
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24HFLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00Details
    • F24H9/18Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
    • F24H9/1809Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for water heaters
    • F24H9/1832Arrangement or mounting of combustion heating means, e.g. grates or burners
    • F24H9/1836Arrangement or mounting of combustion heating means, e.g. grates or burners using fluid fuel
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23DBURNERS
    • F23D2203/00Gaseous fuel burners
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23DBURNERS
    • F23D2203/00Gaseous fuel burners
    • F23D2203/10Flame diffusing means
    • F23D2203/102Flame diffusing means using perforated plates
    • F23D2203/1026Flame diffusing means using perforated plates with slotshaped openings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23DBURNERS
    • F23D2209/00Safety arrangements
    • F23D2209/20Flame lift-off / stability

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of water heaters, and in particular to a gas premix burner and a gas water heater.
  • Premixed combustion refers to mixing gas and air in a premixing chamber, and the mixed gas is burned on the burner.
  • the structural design of the burner has a large impact on the combustion of the mixed gas.
  • Existing burners such as iron chrome aluminum wire mesh burners, are burners that cover the surface of the support member with a metal mesh made of a special material. The flame adheres to the surface of the metal mesh, and its porosity is high, the flame stability is good, the adjustment ratio is also large, and the pollutant discharge is at a good level.
  • the manufacturing process is complicated and the cost is high.
  • the disadvantage is that the single round hole or the rectangular hole fire hole has poor flame stability, and the flame separation phenomenon is more likely to occur when the gas supply flow rate is unstable, and the burner may resonate due to the flame phenomenon. Causes damage to the components associated with the burner.
  • the patent application name is "Gas Premixed Burner", which proposes to set the main combustion fire hole on the combustion platform above the substrate, and assist the flame through the auxiliary fire hole and the main The main flames of the combustion fire holes intersect to achieve the effect of stabilizing the flame by the intersection of the flames.
  • the main combustion fire hole is higher than the auxiliary fire hole, and under a small load condition, the length of the auxiliary flame may be insufficient, and it is difficult to well intersect with the main flame. At this time, the stability of the flame is relatively Poor.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a gas premix burner and a gas water heater having better flame stability.
  • the present application provides a gas premix burner having a combustion direction, and the gas premix burner can be matched with a premixing chamber disposed upstream of a combustion direction of the gas premix burner.
  • the gas and air may be combusted by the gas premix burner after being mixed in the premixing chamber;
  • the gas premix burner includes: a burner substrate, a main combustion hole disposed on the burner substrate; Also provided on the burner substrate
  • the combustion direction is disposed at an auxiliary combustion hole downstream of the main combustion hole; an auxiliary flame of the auxiliary combustion hole intersects a main flame of the main combustion hole.
  • the burner substrate has a substrate burning surface; the burner substrate is provided with a combustion platform, the main combustion hole is opened on the combustion platform, and the combustion platform has a platform burning surface, The platform combustion surface is disposed upstream of the combustion surface of the substrate along the combustion direction.
  • the auxiliary combustion hole is located between the combustion surface of the platform and the combustion surface of the substrate.
  • the main combustion hole and the auxiliary combustion hole are each processed through the burner substrate.
  • the main combustion hole and the auxiliary combustion hole are both stamped through the burner substrate, and the auxiliary combustion hole is a stamped crack.
  • the auxiliary combustion hole is disposed on the burner substrate, and a portion of the auxiliary combustion hole near the combustion surface of the substrate is provided with a guiding nozzle such that the auxiliary combustion hole faces the main Burning holes or the main flame.
  • the shape of the primary combustion hole and/or the auxiliary combustion hole is selected from the group consisting of an elongated hole, a circular hole, a polygonal hole or an irregular hole.
  • the main combustion hole is an elongated hole having a width of 3 mm or less; and/or the auxiliary combustion hole is an elongated hole having a width of 3 mm or less.
  • the burner substrate is provided with a partition portion that is adjacent to the two combustion platforms, and the width of the partition portion is 25 mm or less.
  • the spacer is provided with a third combustion hole.
  • the third combustion hole has a pore diameter of less than 3 mm
  • the partition portion is provided with the third combustion holes of at least two different pore sizes, and the third combustion holes of different pore sizes are staggered with each other.
  • the total area of the primary combustion holes is A1
  • the total area of the auxiliary combustion holes is A2
  • the area of the third combustion holes is A3
  • the area of the burner substrate is A, pores.
  • the rate K (A1 + A2 + A3) / A, and the value of K is > 5%.
  • the burner substrate material is aluminum or stainless steel.
  • the burning surface of the substrate of the burner substrate is a plane or a curved surface.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a gas water heater, which is equipped with the gas premix burner of any of the above.
  • a mixed gas distribution plate is installed in the premixing chamber of the gas water heater, in the mixing
  • a vent hole is disposed in the gas distribution plate, and air and gas entering the premixing chamber can pass through the vent hole and then burned through the gas premix burner.
  • the gas premix burner of the present application has the main combustion hole disposed upstream of the auxiliary combustion hole along the combustion direction, since the main flame is generally larger than the auxiliary flame, so that The main flame is arranged upstream of the auxiliary flame, and it is easier to assist the flame to intersect with the main flame, and then the flame is formed by the auxiliary flame and the main flame to achieve a stable flame effect; since the main combustion hole sinks, the metal wall protrudes into the premixing chamber, The gas-air mixture is preheated before combustion, so that the flame root is closer to the combustion hole of the burner during combustion, and the combustion is more stable; in addition, the main combustion hole sinks, so that the entire gas premix burner surface The overall flame height is reduced, which is more conducive to the stability of combustion; above this, the application has a better thermal load.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a gas premix burner according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the working state of a gas premix burner according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a front elevational view of a gas premix burner provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the gas premix burner of Figure 3 taken along line A-A;
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the gas premix burner of Figure 3 taken along line B-B;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a gas premix burner according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of mating a gas premix burner with a premixing chamber according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 1 is a gas premix burner 10 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Gas premixed combustion The device 10 has a combustion direction F.
  • the gas premix burner 10 can be mated with a premixing chamber disposed upstream of the combustion direction F of the gas premix burner 10 such that the air and gas mixed in the premix chamber can pass through the gas premix burner After 10 burns.
  • the gas premix burner 10 includes a burner substrate 11, a main combustion hole 13 provided on the burner substrate 11, and an auxiliary device disposed downstream of the main combustion hole 13 along the combustion direction F on the burner substrate 11.
  • the embodiment of the present application can suppress the effect of the flame separation by disposing the auxiliary combustion hole 15 downstream of the main combustion hole 13 in the combustion direction F and intersecting the auxiliary flame with the main flame. Thereby the auxiliary flame and the main flame are more stable.
  • the gas premixed burner 10 is installed in the gas water heater, the gas premixing burner 10 is matched with the premixing chamber, and the air and the gas are mixed in the premixing chamber to form a mixed gas, and the mixed gas can be premixed and burned by the gas.
  • the device 10 burns afterwards.
  • the direction of the airflow after the mixed gas flows through the auxiliary combustion hole 15 intersects with the direction of the airflow flowing through the main combustion hole 13.
  • the airflow flowing through the main combustion hole 13 may be a first airflow
  • the flame generated when the first airflow is burned may be the main flame
  • the airflow flowing through the auxiliary combustion hole 15 may be a second airflow
  • the flame generated when the second gas stream is burned may be the auxiliary flame.
  • the directions of the first airflow and the second airflow intersect such that the primary flame and the auxiliary flame intersect, i.e., a flame counteracting phenomenon is formed.
  • the flow rate of the gas in the premixing chamber suddenly increases, so that the flow rates of the first gas stream and the second gas stream increase, and under the action of the main flame and the auxiliary flame, the first gas stream and the second gas stream can be lowered.
  • the flow rate such that the flame is formed after the intersection of the main flame and the auxiliary flame, can suppress the flame phenomenon to achieve the effect of stabilizing the main flame and the auxiliary flame.
  • the burner substrate 11 may be made of a metal material, and in the present embodiment, it may be made of aluminum or stainless steel.
  • the burner substrate 11 has a substrate burning surface 17 facing the main flame, and a substrate inlet surface 19 facing away from the main flame.
  • the mixed gas can enter the combustion state from the substrate inlet surface 19 through the burner substrate 11 to the substrate combustion surface 17.
  • the substrate burning surface 17 of the burner substrate 11 may be a flat surface or a curved surface.
  • the edge of the substrate inlet surface 19 may be provided with a mounting portion 20 that can be mated with the premixing chamber by the mounting portion 20 when the gas premix burner 10 is mounted to the premixing chamber.
  • the gas premix burner 10 can be independently mated to one of the premix chambers. Specifically, the gas premix burner 10 can correspond to a premix chamber such that one premix chamber can only have one burner substrate 11 installed, making the gas premix burner 10 easier to assemble with the premix chamber.
  • the burner substrate 11 may be provided with at least one combustion platform 21 on which the main combustion holes 13 are opened.
  • the combustion platform 21 has a platform combustion surface 25 facing the main flame and a platform inlet surface 27 facing away from the main flame.
  • the platform combustion surface 25 is disposed upstream of the substrate combustion surface 17 in the combustion direction F of the premix burner 10.
  • the main combustion hole 21 is provided on the burner substrate by providing the combustion stage 21 having the main combustion hole 13 on the burner substrate 11.
  • the platform combustion surface 25 is disposed upstream of the substrate combustion surface 17 along the combustion direction F, so that the main combustion hole 13 can be disposed upstream of the auxiliary combustion hole 15 along the combustion direction F. That is, the auxiliary combustion hole 15 is located downstream of the main combustion hole 13 in the combustion direction F. Since the size of the main flame is larger than the size of the auxiliary flame, placing the auxiliary combustion hole 15 downstream of the main combustion hole 13 can easily assist the intersection of the flame and the main flame to generate a flame check. Specifically, the auxiliary combustion hole 15 may be provided on the burner substrate 11 at a position adjacent to the combustion stage 21.
  • the auxiliary combustion hole 15 is located between the platform combustion surface 25 and the substrate combustion surface 17. Since the platform combustion surface 25 is located upstream of the substrate combustion surface 17 in the combustion direction F, there is a certain space between the platform combustion surface 25 and the substrate combustion surface 17.
  • the auxiliary combustion hole 15 is disposed between the platform combustion surface 25 and the substrate combustion surface 17 such that the auxiliary combustion hole 15 is relatively close to the main combustion hole 13 provided on the combustion platform 21 to facilitate the intersection of the main flame and the auxiliary flame. Furthermore, the space between the platform combustion surface 25 and the substrate combustion surface 17 is located downstream of the platform combustion surface 25 along the combustion direction F.
  • the auxiliary combustion hole 15 formed in the space may be provided with the auxiliary combustion hole 15 Facing the main combustion hole 13 or the main flame, the auxiliary flame is further caused to intersect with the main flame to produce a flame-impacting effect.
  • the number of the auxiliary combustion holes 15 may be at least one. Specifically, for example, if the number of the auxiliary combustion holes 15 is one, it may be a strip hole; if the number of the auxiliary combustion holes 15 is two, they may be oppositely disposed on both sides of the combustion platform 21. A larger number of cases will not be repeated.
  • the gas premix burner 10 may further include a connection portion 29 that connects the combustion platform 21 and the burner substrate 11.
  • the connecting portion 29 may constitute a side wall of the auxiliary combustion hole 15.
  • the connecting portion 29 may be spaced apart from the adjacent auxiliary combustion holes 15.
  • the connecting portion 29 can also function as a main flame, that is, the mixed gas flowing out from the main combustion hole 13 moves along the connecting portion 29 during combustion to achieve a more concentrated main flame and reduce heat loss. .
  • the main combustion hole 13 and the auxiliary combustion hole 15 are each processed through the burner substrate 11.
  • the main combustion hole 13 and the auxiliary combustion hole 15 may be formed on the burner substrate 11 by injection molding or press molding. That is, the combustion stage 21 is integrally formed with the burner substrate 11, so that the gas premix burner 10 is easy to manufacture.
  • the main combustion hole 13 and the auxiliary combustion hole 15 are all punched by the burner substrate 11, and the auxiliary combustion hole 15 is a crack formed by press.
  • the auxiliary combustion hole 15 is disposed on the burner substrate 11, and a portion of the auxiliary combustion hole 15 near the substrate combustion surface 17 is provided with a guiding nozzle 31 so that the auxiliary combustion hole 15 is provided. Oriented Main combustion hole 13 or main flame.
  • the auxiliary combustion hole 15 is directed toward the main combustion hole 13 or the main flame by the guide nozzle 31, so that the auxiliary flame intersects with the main flame to generate a flame check to suppress the phenomenon of the flame separation.
  • the burner substrate 11 is not limited to the above-described manner in which the main combustion hole 13 and the auxiliary combustion hole 15 are provided, and the main combustion hole 13 can be realized by directly forming a through hole in the burner substrate 11.
  • the auxiliary combustion hole 15 may be oriented toward the main combustion hole 13 or the main flame by providing a guide nozzle projecting from the combustion surface 17 of the substrate to intersect the auxiliary flame with the main flame.
  • the shape of the main combustion hole 13 and/or the auxiliary combustion hole 15 is selected from an elongated hole, a circular hole, a polygonal hole or an irregular hole.
  • the main combustion hole 13 is an elongated hole whose width is less than or equal to 3 mm; and/or the auxiliary combustion hole 15 is an elongated hole having a width of 3 mm or less.
  • the inventors have found through research that the combustion effect of the gas premix burner 10 is optimal when both the main combustion hole 13 and the auxiliary combustion hole 15 are elongated holes.
  • a plurality of main combustion holes 13 and auxiliary combustion holes 15 may be disposed on the burner substrate 11, wherein a part of the main combustion holes 13 may be respectively disposed on one combustion platform 21, and a part of the main combustion holes 13 may be disposed.
  • the burner substrate 11 is directly opened, and the auxiliary combustion hole 15 can be provided as described in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the burner substrate is provided with a spacer 33 spaced apart from two adjacent combustion platforms, and the width of the spacer 33 is 25 mm. the following. The inventors have found through experiments that the heat load per unit area of the gas premix burner is lowered faster after the width of the partition portion 33 is larger than 25 mm.
  • the spacer 33 is provided with a third combustion hole 35.
  • the third combustion hole 35 may be opened in the partition portion 33 of the burner substrate 11, and the gas ejection direction of the third combustion hole 35 may be the same as the gas discharge direction of the main combustion hole 13.
  • the opening area of the third combustion hole 35 may be smaller than the opening area of the main combustion hole 13, so that the flame length of the third combustion hole 35 may be smaller than the length of the main flame.
  • Three forms of combustion holes are less prone to resonance than existing single-form holes.
  • the third combustion hole 35 has a pore diameter of less than 3 mm
  • the partition portion 33 is provided with at least two third combustion holes 35 of different pore sizes
  • the third combustion holes 35 of different pore sizes are alternately arranged with each other.
  • the top view projection of the combustion platform 21 may be rectangular, and a plurality of combustion platforms 21 are arranged on the burner substrate 11 in a rectangular array, and the third combustion holes 35 are distributed in adjacent two combustions.
  • the plurality of third combustion holes 35 may be formed in an arranging arrangement having a certain row pitch and a column pitch, wherein the third combustion holes 35 may intersect in the row direction and the column direction, that is, the third combustion holes 35 A combustion hole may be shared in the row direction and the column direction, the combustion hole being the large diameter third combustion hole 36, and the remaining third combustion holes being the small diameter third combustion hole 38.
  • the larger diameter third combustion hole 36 has a larger diameter than the small diameter third combustion hole 38.
  • the large-diameter third combustion hole 36 is disposed at the center between the two combustion platforms 21 of two rows and two columns, the center being the farthest from the combustion platforms 21, and thus, the center has a relatively sufficient space setting
  • the large-diameter third combustion hole 36 can sufficiently increase the combustion area and improve the combustion efficiency.
  • the inventors have found through research that when the diameter of the third combustion hole 35 is less than 3 mm, the heat load per unit area can be increased.
  • the third combustion hole 35 can increase the combustion porosity and increase the heat load per unit area.
  • the total area of the primary combustion holes 13 is A1
  • the total area of the auxiliary combustion holes 15 is A2
  • the area of the third combustion holes 25 is A3
  • the area of the burner substrate 11 is A
  • the porosity K ( A1+A2+A3)/A, the value of K is >5%.
  • the porosity K (A1 + A2 + A3) / A, which indicates the utilization rate of the burner substrate.
  • the larger the porosity the greater the thermal load per unit area of the cross section of the combustion chamber, that is, the higher the utilization rate of the burner substrate; in other words, the larger the total area of the burner with a larger porosity under the same heat load requirement.
  • the value of the porosity K of the present application is > 5% to achieve a better heat load and utilization of the gas premix burner 10.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a gas water heater, which can be installed with the gas premix burner 10 described in any of the foregoing embodiments.
  • the gas water heater has high heating efficiency, and can better suppress the occurrence of the flame separation phenomenon, thereby prolonging the service life of the product.
  • a mixed gas distribution plate 42 is installed in the premixing chamber 40 of the gas water heater, and a vent hole 44 is disposed in the mixed gas distribution plate 42 to enter the premixing chamber 40 .
  • the air and gas can pass through the vent 44 and then burn through the gas premix burner 10.
  • the premixing chamber 40 is enclosed by a housing 46, and a support portion 48 may be provided on the side wall of the housing 46 for mounting the mixed gas distribution plate 42.
  • the gas premix burner of the present application has the main combustion hole disposed upstream of the auxiliary combustion hole along the combustion direction F, since the main flame is generally larger than the auxiliary flame.
  • the main flame is arranged upstream of the auxiliary flame, and it is easier to assist the flame to intersect with the main flame, and then the flame is formed by the auxiliary flame and the main flame to achieve a stable flame effect.
  • the application has a better thermal load.

Abstract

一种燃气预混燃烧器及燃气热水器。其中,燃气预混燃烧器(10)具有燃烧方向(F),燃气预混燃烧器(10)与设置在燃气预混燃烧器(10)的燃烧方向(F)上游的预混腔相配接,燃气和空气在预混腔混合后能通过燃气预混燃烧器(10)进行燃烧;燃气预混燃烧器(10)包括:燃烧器基板(11),设置在燃烧器基板(11)上的主燃烧孔(13);在燃烧器基板(11)上还设有沿燃烧方向(F)设置在主燃烧孔(13)下游的辅助燃烧孔(15);辅助燃烧孔(15)的辅助火焰与主燃烧孔(13)的主火焰相交。通过将主燃烧孔(13)沿燃烧方向(F)设置在辅助燃烧孔(15)的上游,使得将主火焰设置在辅助火焰的上游,较易于辅助火焰与主火焰相交,进而通过辅助火焰与主火焰形成火焰对冲实现稳定火焰的效果。

Description

燃气预混燃烧器及燃气热水器 技术领域
本申请涉及热水器领域,特别涉及一种燃气预混燃烧器及燃气热水器。
背景技术
预混燃烧是指将燃气和空气在预混腔中混合,混合后的气体在燃烧器上进行燃烧。燃烧器的结构设计对混合后气体的燃烧情况具有较大影响。现有的燃烧器,如铁铬铝金属丝网燃烧器,其为以一种以特殊材料所制的金属网覆盖于支撑元件表面的燃烧器。火焰附着于金属网表面,其孔隙率大、火焰稳定性好,调节比也较大,污染物排放等均处于较好水平。然而,由于金属丝网的特殊性,其制造工艺复杂,成本较高。
为了降低制造难度,一些制造工艺简单的平板式燃烧器被研制出来,如申请号为201320092745,专利名为《全预混燃烧器》的中国专利,和申请号为201310135997,专利名为《正压引射式全预混燃烧供热装置》的中国专利,均提出了以不锈钢平板或有一定弧度的板为基板的预混燃烧器,其火孔为圆孔或矩形孔的组合,制造简单,成本很低。其缺点在于,单一的圆孔或矩形孔火孔火焰稳定性较差,在供气流量不稳定的情况下,较易产生离焰现象,进一步的可能由于离焰现象引起燃烧器的共振,可能致使与燃烧器关联的元器件损坏。进一步的,参见申请号为201410313365.X,专利申请名称为《燃气预混燃烧器》,其提出了在高于基板的燃烧平台上设置主燃烧火孔,并通过辅助火孔的辅助火焰与主燃烧火孔的主火焰相交,以期望达到通过火焰相交稳定火焰的作用。然而,该专利申请中,主燃烧火孔高于辅助火孔,在小负荷情况下,可能会发生辅助火焰的长度不够,难以很好的与主火焰相交的情况,此时火焰的稳定性相对较差。
发明内容
本申请实施方式提供一种具有较佳火焰稳定性的燃气预混燃烧器及燃气热水器。
为解决上述技术问题,本申请提供一种燃气预混燃烧器,其具有燃烧方向,所述燃气预混燃烧器能与设置在所述燃气预混燃烧器的燃烧方向上游的预混腔相配接,燃气和空气在所述预混腔混合后能通过所述燃气预混燃烧器进行燃烧;所述燃气预混燃烧器包括:燃烧器基板,设置在所述燃烧器基板上的主燃烧孔;在所述燃烧器基板上还设有沿 所述燃烧方向设置在所述主燃烧孔下游的辅助燃烧孔;所述辅助燃烧孔的辅助火焰与所述主燃烧孔的主火焰相交。
在一个实施方式中,所述燃烧器基板具有基板燃烧面;所述燃烧器基板上设置有燃烧平台,所述主燃烧孔开设在所述燃烧平台上,所述燃烧平台具有平台燃烧面,所述平台燃烧面沿所述燃烧方向设置在所述基板燃烧面上游。
在一个实施方式中,所述辅助燃烧孔位于所述平台燃烧面和所述基板燃烧面之间。
在一个实施方式中,所述主燃烧孔及所述辅助燃烧孔均通过所述燃烧器基板加工而成。
在一个实施方式中,所述主燃烧孔及所述辅助燃烧孔均通过所述燃烧器基板冲压而成,所述辅助燃烧孔是冲压形成的裂缝。
在一个实施方式中,所述辅助燃烧孔设置在所述燃烧器基板上,在所述辅助燃烧孔靠近所述基板燃烧面的部分设置有导向嘴,以使所述辅助燃烧孔朝向所述主燃烧孔或所述主火焰。
在一个实施方式中,所述主燃烧孔和/或所述辅助燃烧孔的形状选自长条形孔、圆形孔、多角形孔或不规则形孔。
在一个实施方式中,所述主燃烧孔为长条形孔,其宽度的取值小于等于3mm;和/或所述辅助燃烧孔为长条形孔,其宽度取值小于等于3mm。
在一个实施方式中,所述燃烧器基板上设置有间隔相邻两个所述燃烧平台的间隔部,所述间隔部的宽度为25mm以下。
在一个实施方式中,所述间隔部设置有第三燃烧孔。
在一个实施方式中,所述第三燃烧孔的孔径小于3mm,所述间隔部设置有至少二种不同孔径的所述第三燃烧孔,且不同孔径的所述第三燃烧孔相互交错布置。
在一个实施方式中,所述主燃烧孔的总面积为A1,所述辅助燃烧孔的总面积为A2,所述第三燃烧孔的面积是A3,所述燃烧器基板的面积为A,孔隙率K=(A1+A2+A3)/A,K的数值>5%。
在一个实施方式中,所述燃烧器基板材料为铝或不锈钢。
在一个实施方式中,所述燃烧器基板的所述基板燃烧面的为平面或曲面。
本申请实施方式还提供一种燃气热水器,所述燃气热水器安装有上述任一所述的燃气预混燃烧器。
在一个实施方式中,所述燃气热水器的预混腔内安装有混合气分配板,在所述混合 气分配板上设置有通气孔,进入所述预混腔的空气和燃气能经过所述通气孔后再通过所述燃气预混燃烧器燃烧。
由以上本申请实施方式提供的技术方案可见,本申请提供的燃气预混燃烧器,将主燃烧孔沿燃烧方向设置在辅助燃烧孔的上游,由于主火焰通常比辅助火焰的规模大,使得将主火焰设置在辅助火焰的上游,较易于辅助火焰与主火焰相交,进而通过辅助火焰与主火焰形成火焰对冲实现稳定火焰的效果;由于主燃烧孔下沉,金属壁面伸入预混腔内,燃气与空气的混合气在燃烧前得到预热,进而使得在燃烧过程中火焰根部更贴近燃烧器的燃烧孔,燃烧更加稳定;另外,主燃烧孔下沉,使得整个燃气预混燃烧器表面的整体火焰高度降低,更有利于燃烧的稳定;在此之上,本申请有着较佳的热负荷。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请中记载的一些实施方式,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请一个实施方式提供的燃气预混燃烧器的立体图;
图2为本申请一个实施方式提供的燃气预混燃烧器工作状态示意图;
图3为本申请一个实施方式提供的燃气预混燃烧器的正视图;
图4为本图3中的燃气预混燃烧器沿着直线A-A的剖视图;
图5为本图3中的燃气预混燃烧器沿着直线B-B的剖视图;
图6为本申请一个实施方式提供的燃气预混燃烧器的剖视示意图;
图7为本申请一个实施方式提供的燃气预混燃烧器与预混腔配接的示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本申请中的技术方案,下面将结合本申请实施方式中的附图,对本申请实施方式中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施方式仅仅是本申请一部分实施方式,而不是全部的实施方式。基于本申请中的实施方式,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施方式,都应当属于本申请保护的范围。
请参阅图1,为本申请的一个实施方式提供的燃气预混燃烧器10。该燃气预混燃烧 器10具有燃烧方向F。在使用时,燃气预混燃烧器10能与设置在燃气预混燃烧器10的燃烧方向F上游的预混腔相配接,使得在预混腔内混合的空气和燃气能够通过燃气预混燃烧器10后燃烧。
燃气预混燃烧器10包括:燃烧器基板11,设置在燃烧器基板11上的主燃烧孔13;在燃烧器基板11上还设有沿所述燃烧方向F设置在主燃烧孔13下游的辅助燃烧孔15;在工作状态下,辅助燃烧孔15的辅助火焰与主燃烧孔13的主火焰相交。
请一并参阅图1和图2,本申请实施方式通过将辅助燃烧孔15设置在主燃烧孔13沿燃烧方向F的下游,并使辅助火焰与主火焰相交,实现可以抑制离焰的作用,从而使辅助火焰和主火焰更加稳定。燃气预混燃烧器10安装至燃气热水器中后,燃气预混燃烧器10与预混腔相配接,空气和燃气在预混腔内混合后形成混合气体,所述混合气体可以经过燃气预混燃烧器10后燃烧。为了实现辅助火焰与主火焰相交,混合气体流经辅助燃烧孔15后的气流方向与流经主燃烧孔13的气流方向相交。具体的,流经主燃烧孔13的气流可以为第一气流,所述第一气流燃烧时产生的火焰可以为所述主火焰;流经辅助燃烧孔15的气流可以为第二气流,所述第二气流燃烧时产生的火焰可以为所述辅助火焰。所述第一气流和所述第二气流的方向相交,使得所述主火焰和所述辅助火焰相交,即形成了火焰对冲现象。在一些情况下,预混腔内的气体流速忽然增大,使得第一气流和第二气流的流速增大,在主火焰和辅助火焰对冲的作用下,可以降低第一气流和第二气流的流速,使得主火焰和辅助火焰相交后形成的火焰对冲可以对离焰现象有抑制作用,以达到稳定主火焰和辅助火焰的效果。
请一并参阅图3、图4和图5,燃烧器基板11可以采用金属材料制成,在本实施方式中,其可以采用铝或不锈钢材料制成。燃烧器基板11具有面对所述主火焰的基板燃烧面17,和背对所述主火焰的基板进气面19。混合后的气体可以从的基板进气面19穿过燃烧器基板11至基板燃烧面17后进入燃烧状态。燃烧器基板11的基板燃烧面17可以为平面或曲面。基板进气面19的边缘可以设置有安装部20,在燃气预混燃烧器10安装至预混腔时,可以通过安装部20与预混腔配接。燃气预混燃烧器10可以独立与一个的预混腔配接。具体的,燃气预混燃烧器10可以与一个预混腔相对应,使得一个预混腔可以仅需要安装一个燃烧器基板11,使得燃气预混燃烧器10较为便于与预混腔组装。
燃烧器基板11可以设置有至少一个燃烧平台21,主燃烧孔13开设在燃烧平台21上。燃烧平台21具有面向所述主火焰的平台燃烧面25和背对所述主火焰的平台进气面27。所述平台燃烧面25沿预混燃烧器10燃烧方向F设置在基板燃烧面17上游。在本实 施方式中,通过在燃烧器基板11上设置具有主燃烧孔13的燃烧平台21,实现在燃烧器基板上设置主燃烧孔21。
在本实施方式中,平台燃烧面25沿所述燃烧方向F设置在所述基板燃烧面17的上游,如此设置可以实现主燃烧孔13沿所述燃烧方向F设置在辅助燃烧孔15的上游,即辅助燃烧孔15沿所述燃烧方向F位于主燃烧孔13的下游。由于主火焰的规模大于辅助火焰的规模,使得将辅助燃烧孔15设置在主燃烧孔13的下游可以易于辅助火焰与主火焰之间相交,产生火焰对冲。具体的,可以在燃烧器基板11上临近燃烧平台21的位置设置辅助燃烧孔15。
在本申请的一个实施方式中,辅助燃烧孔15位于平台燃烧面25和基板燃烧面17之间。由于平台燃烧面25沿所述燃烧方向F位于基板燃烧面17的上游,使得在平台燃烧面25与基板燃烧面17之间存在一定空间。将辅助燃烧孔15设置在平台燃烧面25和基板燃烧面17之间,使得辅助燃烧孔15与设置在燃烧平台21上的主燃烧孔13较为接近,以有利于主火焰和辅助火焰相交。再者,平台燃烧面25和基板燃烧面17之间的空间沿所述燃烧方向F处于平台燃烧面25的下游,由前文介绍,在该空间形成的辅助燃烧孔15,可以将辅助燃烧孔15朝向主燃烧孔13或主火焰,进一步促使辅助火焰与主火焰相交,产生火焰对冲的效果。在本实施方式中,辅助燃烧孔15的数量可以为至少一个。具体的,举例为:若辅助燃烧孔15的数量为一个,其可以是一个条形孔;若辅助燃烧孔15的数量为二个,其可以相对设置在燃烧平台21的两侧。更多数量的情况不再赘述。
在本实施方式中,所述燃气预混燃烧器10还可以包括连接所述燃烧平台21与所述燃烧器基板11的连接部29。所述连接部29可以构成辅助燃烧孔15的侧壁。在辅助燃烧孔15的数量多于一个时,所述连接部29可以间隔相邻的辅助燃烧孔15。所述连接部29还可以起到为主火焰导向的作用,即从主燃烧孔13流出的混合气体在燃烧的过程中,会沿着连接部29移动,实现主火焰更加集中,可以减少热能损失。
在本申请的一个实施方式中,主燃烧孔13及辅助燃烧孔15均通过燃烧器基板11加工而成。可以采用注塑成型或冲压成型的方式,将主燃烧孔13和辅助燃烧孔15形成在燃烧器基板11上。即燃烧平台21与燃烧器基板11一体成型制成,从而使得燃气预混燃烧器10便于加工制造。在本实施方式中,较佳的,主燃烧孔13及辅助燃烧孔15均通过燃烧器基板11冲压而成,辅助燃烧孔15是冲压形成的裂缝。
请参阅图6,在本申请的一个实施方式中,辅助燃烧孔15设置在燃烧器基板11上,在辅助燃烧孔15靠近基板燃烧面17的部分设置有导向嘴31,以使辅助燃烧孔15朝向 主燃烧孔13或主火焰。在本实施方式中,通过导向嘴31使辅助燃烧孔15朝向主燃烧孔13或主火焰,从而实现辅助火焰与主火焰相交,产生火焰对冲,以抑制离焰的现象。
当然,燃烧器基板11并不限于上述设置主燃烧孔13和辅助燃烧孔15的方式,还可以通过直接在燃烧器基板11上开设贯通孔的方式实现设置主燃烧孔13。并可以通过设置凸出基板燃烧面17的导向嘴的方式实现辅助燃烧孔15朝向主燃烧孔13或主火焰,以使辅助火焰与主火焰相交。
请参阅图1,在本申请的一个实施方式中,主燃烧孔13和/或辅助燃烧孔15的形状选自长条形孔、圆形孔、多角形孔或不规则形孔。在本实施方式中,具体的,主燃烧孔13为长条形孔,其宽度的取值小于等于3mm;和/或辅助燃烧孔15为长条形孔,其宽度取值小于等于3mm。发明人经过研究发现,在主燃烧孔13和辅助燃烧孔15均为长条形孔时,燃气预混燃烧器10的燃烧效果达到最佳。
在本申请的一个实施方式中,燃烧器基板11上可以设置若干主燃烧孔13和辅助燃烧孔15,其中可以将部分主燃烧孔13分别设置在一个燃烧平台21上,将部分主燃烧孔13直接开设在燃烧器基板11上,并可以按照前述实施方式的描述设置辅助燃烧孔15。当然,也可以将全部主燃烧孔13均分别设置在一个燃烧平台21上,并可以按照前述实施方式的描述设置辅助燃烧孔15。
请一并参阅图1和图3,在本申请的一个实施方式中,所述燃烧器基板上设置有间隔相邻两个所述燃烧平台的间隔部33,所述间隔部33的宽度为25mm以下。发明人经过试验发现,在间隔部33的宽度大于25mm后,燃气预混燃烧器的单位面积热负荷降低较快。
在本申请的一个实施方式中,所述间隔部33设置有第三燃烧孔35。在本实施方式中,燃烧器基板11的间隔部33上还可以开设有第三燃烧孔35,所述第三燃烧孔35的气体喷出方向可以与主燃烧孔13的气体喷出方向相同。第三燃烧孔35的开孔面积可以小于主燃烧孔13的开孔面积,使得第三燃烧孔35的火焰长度会小于主火焰的长度。三种形式的燃烧孔与现有单一形式的孔相比,不易引起共振。
在一个实施方式中,第三燃烧孔35的孔径小于3mm,间隔部33设置有至少二种不同孔径的第三燃烧孔35,且不同孔径的第三燃烧孔35相互交错布置。如此设置,可以获得合理的火力分配,做到与主燃烧孔13和辅助稳焰15燃烧孔相互配合。具体的,举例为:燃烧平台21的俯视方向投影可以为矩形,并且,多个燃烧平台21以矩形阵列的形式排布在燃烧器基板11上,第三燃烧孔35分布在相邻两个燃烧平台21之间的间隔部 33上,多个第三燃烧孔35可以形成具有一定行距和列距的行列式排布,其中,第三燃烧孔35可以在行向方向上和列向方向上相交,即第三燃烧孔35可以在行向方向上和列向方向上共有一个燃烧孔,该燃烧孔为大口径第三燃烧孔36,其余第三燃烧孔为小口径第三燃烧孔38。大口径第三燃烧孔36的孔径大于小口径第三燃烧孔38。大口径第三燃烧孔36设置在两行和两列共4个燃烧平台21之间的中心处,该中心处距离各燃烧平台21的距离最远,因而,该中心处有相对充分的空间设置大口径第三燃烧孔36,这样能够充分提高燃烧面积,提高燃烧效率。再者,发明人经过研究发现,第三燃烧孔35的孔径小于3mm时,可以提高单位面积热负荷。本实施方式中,第三燃烧孔35能够增加燃烧孔隙率,提高了单位面积的热负荷。
在一个实施方式中,主燃烧孔13的总面积为A1,辅助燃烧孔15的总面积为A2,第三燃烧孔25的面积是A3,燃烧器基板11的面积为A,孔隙率K=(A1+A2+A3)/A,K的数值>5%。其中,孔隙率K=(A1+A2+A3)/A,该值表明了燃烧器基板的利用率。孔隙率越大,燃烧室截面的单位面积上产生的热负荷越大,即燃烧器基板的利用率越高;换言之,在同等热负荷要求下,孔隙率较大的燃烧器总面积较小。本申请的孔隙率K的数值>5%,以实现燃气预混燃烧器10具有较好的热负荷和利用率。
本申请实施方式还提供一种燃气热水器,所述燃气热水器可以安装有任意前述实施方式介绍的燃气预混燃烧器10。所述燃气热水器具有较高的加热效率,且能够较佳的抑制离焰现象产生,延长了产品的使用寿命。
请参阅图7,在本申请的一个实施方式中,所述燃气热水器的预混腔40内安装有混合气分配板42,在混合气分配板42上设置有通气孔44,进入预混腔40的空气和燃气能经过通气孔44后再通过燃气预混燃烧器10燃烧。通过设置混合气分配板42,可以使进入预混腔的空气和燃气能够更加充分的混合,以使混合的气体能在燃气预混燃烧器10处更加充分的燃烧。预混腔40由壳体46围成,在壳体46内部的侧壁上可以设置有支撑部48,用于安装混合气分配板42。
由以上本申请实施方式提供的技术方案可见,本申请提供的燃气预混燃烧器,将主燃烧孔沿燃烧方向F设置在辅助燃烧孔的上游,由于主火焰通常比辅助火焰的规模大,使得将主火焰设置在辅助火焰的上游,较易于辅助火焰与主火焰相交,进而通过辅助火焰与主火焰形成火焰对冲实现稳定火焰的效果。在此之上,本申请有着较佳的热负荷。
虽然通过实施方式描绘了本申请,在本申请技术精髓启示下,本领域技术人员可能对上述多个实施方式之间进行组合,也可以对本申请的实施方式进行变化,但只要其实 现的功能和效果与本申请相同或相似,均应涵盖于本申请的保护范围内。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种燃气预混燃烧器,其特征在于,其具有燃烧方向,所述燃气预混燃烧器能与设置在所述燃气预混燃烧器的燃烧方向上游的预混腔相配接,燃气和空气在所述预混腔混合后能通过所述燃气预混燃烧器进行燃烧;所述燃气预混燃烧器包括:燃烧器基板,设置在所述燃烧器基板上的主燃烧孔;在所述燃烧器基板上还设有沿所述燃烧方向设置在所述主燃烧孔下游的辅助燃烧孔;所述辅助燃烧孔的辅助火焰与所述主燃烧孔的主火焰相交。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的燃气预混燃烧器,其特征在于:所述燃烧器基板具有基板燃烧面;所述燃烧器基板上设置有燃烧平台,所述主燃烧孔开设在所述燃烧平台上,所述燃烧平台具有平台燃烧面,所述平台燃烧面沿所述燃烧方向设置在所述基板燃烧面上游。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的燃气预混燃烧器,其特征在于:所述辅助燃烧孔位于所述平台燃烧面和所述基板燃烧面之间。
  4. 如权利要求1至3中任一所述的燃气预混燃烧器,其特征在于:所述主燃烧孔及所述辅助燃烧孔均通过所述燃烧器基板加工而成。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的燃气预混燃烧器,其特征在于:所述主燃烧孔及所述辅助燃烧孔均通过所述燃烧器基板冲压而成,所述辅助燃烧孔是冲压形成的裂缝。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的燃气预混燃烧器,其特征在于:所述主燃烧孔和/或所述辅助燃烧孔的形状选自长条形孔、圆形孔、多角形孔或不规则形孔。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的燃气预混燃烧器,其特征在于:所述主燃烧孔为长条形孔,其宽度的取值小于等于3mm;和/或所述辅助燃烧孔为长条形孔,其宽度取值小于等于3mm。
  8. 如权利要求2所述的燃气预混燃烧器,其特征在于:所述辅助燃烧孔设置在所述燃烧器基板上,在所述辅助燃烧孔靠近所述基板燃烧面的部分设置有导向嘴,以使所述辅助燃烧孔朝向所述主燃烧孔或所述主火焰。
  9. 如权利要求2所述的燃气预混燃烧器,其特征在于:所述燃烧器基板上设置有间隔相邻两个所述燃烧平台的间隔部,所述间隔部的宽度为25mm以下。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的燃气预混燃烧器,其特征在于:所述间隔部设置有第三燃烧孔。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的燃气预混燃烧器,其特征在于:所述第三燃烧孔的孔径 小于3mm,所述间隔部设置有至少二种不同孔径的所述第三燃烧孔,且不同孔径的所述第三燃烧孔相互交错布置。
  12. 如权利要求10所述的燃气预混燃烧器,其特征在于,所述主燃烧孔的总面积为A1,所述辅助燃烧孔的总面积为A2,所述第三燃烧孔的面积是A3,所述燃烧器基板的面积为A,孔隙率K=(A1+A2+A3)/A,K的数值>5%。
  13. 如权利要求1所述的燃气预混燃烧器,其特征在于,所述燃烧器基板材料为铝或不锈钢。
  14. 如权利要求2所述的燃气预混燃烧器,其特征在于,所述燃烧器基板的所述基板燃烧面的为平面或曲面。
  15. 一种燃气热水器,其特征在于,所述燃气热水器安装有如权利要求1至14中任一所述的燃气预混燃烧器。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的燃气热水器,其特征在于:所述燃气热水器的预混腔内安装有混合气分配板,在所述混合气分配板上设置有通气孔,进入所述预混腔的空气和燃气能经过所述通气孔后再通过所述燃气预混燃烧器燃烧。
PCT/CN2015/093788 2014-11-13 2015-11-04 燃气预混燃烧器及燃气热水器 WO2016074582A1 (zh)

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