WO2016072471A1 - Film d'étanchéité pour cellules solaires, et cellule solaire - Google Patents

Film d'étanchéité pour cellules solaires, et cellule solaire Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016072471A1
WO2016072471A1 PCT/JP2015/081217 JP2015081217W WO2016072471A1 WO 2016072471 A1 WO2016072471 A1 WO 2016072471A1 JP 2015081217 W JP2015081217 W JP 2015081217W WO 2016072471 A1 WO2016072471 A1 WO 2016072471A1
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Prior art keywords
sealing film
solar cell
expandable particles
surface side
thermally expandable
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PCT/JP2015/081217
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
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鈴木　裕二
真紀子 富山
中村　浩
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株式会社ブリヂストン
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
    • C09K3/10—Materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a solar cell sealing film used for a solar cell and a solar cell manufactured using the same.
  • a solar cell generally includes a surface side transparent protective member 11 made of a glass substrate or the like, a surface side sealing film 13A, a power generation element 14 such as a silicon crystal cell, a back surface side sealing film 13B, and The back side protection member (back cover) 12 is laminated in this order, deaerated under reduced pressure, and then heated and pressurized to cross-link and cure the front side sealing film 13A and the back side sealing film 13B to integrate and integrate. It is manufactured by.
  • the sealing resin used as the base for the front side sealing film and the back side sealing film includes ethylene-polar monomers such as ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) and ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer (EMMA).
  • EVA ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer
  • EMMA ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer
  • An ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer polymerized using a copolymer or a metallocene catalyst is generally used because of its excellent insulation and sealing properties.
  • each member is laminated in a vacuum laminator such as a double vacuum chamber method, degassed, and then heated and pressurized. Is. After the solar cell sealing film is melted by heating, the power generation element is firmly sealed by further crosslinking the sealing resin contained in the solar cell sealing film.
  • a vacuum laminator such as a double vacuum chamber method
  • sealing resins such as EVA are generally expensive, there is a problem that manufacturing cost is required to produce a solar cell sealing film having a predetermined thickness. Therefore, it is desired to develop a sealing film for a solar cell that can be sealed without insufficient filling and has a small thickness. If the solar cell sealing film can be made thin, it is possible to pack and transport a large number of solar cell sealing films in a packing material during transportation. There is a demand for a thinner film.
  • the solar cell sealing film may be deteriorated by repeating daily high-temperature environments and low-temperature environments at night. Therefore, improvement of the durability of the sealing film for solar cells under the condition of repeating the high temperature environment and the low temperature environment is also demanded.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a solar cell sealing film that is excellent in durability without causing defective filling even when the thickness is reduced. Moreover, the objective of this invention is providing the manufacturing method of the solar cell which uses this sealing film for solar cells.
  • the above object is a solar cell sealing film containing a sealing resin, further including thermally expandable particles, and the content of the thermally expandable particles is 0 with respect to 100 parts by mass of the sealing resin. It is achieved by a solar cell sealing film characterized by being 1 to 50 parts by mass.
  • the thermally expandable particles expand due to heating during solar cell production, the volume of the entire solar cell sealing film increases, and the expanded solar cell sealing film spreads between the power generation elements without any gap. It is possible to seal without generating insufficient filling between the power generating elements.
  • the thermally expandable particles expand and the volume of the solar cell sealing film increases, it is possible to reduce the thickness of the solar cell sealing film before the thermal expandable particles expand.
  • the solar cell sealing film is excellent in durability under repeated conditions of high temperature and low temperature.
  • Preferred embodiments of the present invention are as follows.
  • the thermally expandable particles are particles containing a substance that is vaporized by heat in a thermoplastic resin.
  • the thermally expandable particles have an outer shell portion made of a thermoplastic resin, and a substance that is vaporized by heat contained in the outer shell portion.
  • the sealing resin is an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer. Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) generates acid over time and causes corrosion of solar cell electrodes.
  • EVA Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer
  • the present invention reduces the amount of EVA used compared to the past by making the sealing film thinner. Therefore, corrosion of the electrode can be suppressed.
  • a crosslinking agent is further included. By crosslinking the sealing resin, it is possible to firmly hold the bubbles formed by the expansion of the thermally expandable particles.
  • the above object is to obtain a laminate by laminating a surface side transparent protective member, a surface side sealing film, a power generating element, a back side sealing film, and a back side protective member in this order, and pressurize the laminate.
  • a solar cell manufacturing method including a heating step, The solar cell sealing film is used as a back surface side sealing film, and the thermally expandable particles are expanded by the heating. Heating is preferably performed at a temperature of 100 to 250 ° C.
  • the sealing film for solar cells of the present invention does not cause poor filling even when the thickness is thin, and is excellent in durability. Since the amount of the sealing resin used can be reduced by the thin thickness, the manufacturing cost can be reduced, and more solar cell sealing films can be packed and transported at the time of packing. It is possible. Moreover, the solar cell produced using the solar cell sealing film of this invention is excellent also in durability.
  • the solar cell sealing film of the present invention includes a sealing resin and thermally expandable particles.
  • the heat-expandable particles particles containing a substance that is vaporized by heat in a thermoplastic resin can be used.
  • thermally expandable particles having an outer shell portion made of a thermoplastic resin and a substance that is vaporized by heat contained in the outer shell portion are used.
  • Such a heat-expandable particle vaporizes a substance that is vaporized by heat, and the thermoplastic resin softened by heating expands to form voids.
  • thermosetting type in which the solar cell sealing film is cured by heating
  • the voids are stable without being crushed.
  • the thermally expandable particles are not mixed in the portion in contact with the power generating element, the effect of improving cushioning and filling properties due to the mixing of the thermally expandable particles cannot be exhibited.
  • the thermally expandable particles are contained in the solar cell sealing film in an unexpanded state.
  • thermoplastic resin examples include polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylonitrile, polyethylene terephthalate, and polybutylene terephthalate. These thermoplastic resins may be used individually by 1 type, and may be used in combination of 2 or more type.
  • Examples of the substance that is vaporized by heat include hydrocarbons that are liquid at room temperature, preferably hydrocarbons having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, specifically n-butane, isobutane, n-pentane, isopentane, neopentane, and n-hexane. And low molecular hydrocarbons such as heptane.
  • These thermal expansion compounds may be used individually by 1 type, and may be used in combination of 2 or more type.
  • the content of the substance that is vaporized by heat in the thermally expandable particles is not particularly limited, but is 2 to 60% by mass, preferably 5 to 50% by mass based on the mass of the thermally expandable particles.
  • the average particle diameter of the thermally expandable particles after expansion is preferably 2 to 200 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 20 to 150 ⁇ m.
  • the average particle diameter of the thermally expandable particles before expansion is, for example, 1 to 100 ⁇ m, preferably 10 to 70 ⁇ m, more preferably 10 to 45 ⁇ m, particularly 26 to 34 ⁇ m.
  • the average particle diameter in the present invention, using a laser diffraction type particle size distribution measuring device corresponds to a volume mean diameter D 50 values obtained by measuring the thermal expansive particle by a wet measuring method.
  • the content of the heat-expandable particles in the solar cell sealing film is 0.1 to 50 parts by weight, preferably 0.5 to 20 parts by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 100 parts by weight of the sealing resin. To 15 parts by mass, more preferably 0.8 to 10 parts by mass, especially 1 to 5 parts by mass. If the amount is larger than this range, the contact area with the glass is reduced by the amount of bubbles formed by expansion, and the adhesive force may be reduced. On the other hand, if it is less than this range, it may not be possible to achieve both the prevention of filling defects between the power generating elements and the reduction in the thickness of the solar cell sealing film. Furthermore, if it is content of the said range, the adhesiveness of the sealing film for solar cells will become favorable, and the swelling of a back surface side protection member can also be prevented.
  • the expansion start temperature of the thermally expandable particles is, for example, 100 to 180 ° C., preferably 120 to 150 ° C., particularly 130 to 140 ° C.
  • the thermal expansion start temperature is appropriately set and selected according to the softening temperature of the thermoplastic resin constituting the thermally expandable particles, the heating temperature at the time of manufacturing the solar cell, the melting point of the sealing resin used, the reaction temperature of the crosslinking agent, and the like. Can do.
  • the maximum expansion temperature of the thermally expandable particles is 150 to 180 ° C., preferably 160 to 175 ° C.
  • the sealing resin may be any resin as long as it is a resin used for sealing the power generation element.
  • the sealing resin is a thermoplastic polymer such as an olefin (co) polymer or a polyvinyl acetal resin (for example, polyvinyl formal, polyvinyl butyral (PVB resin), modified PVB).
  • the olefin (co) polymer means an ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (for example, an ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (m-LLDPE) polymerized using a metallocene catalyst), polyethylene (for example, Olefin polymers such as low density polyethylene (LDPE), linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE), etc.), polypropylene, polybutene, etc., and copolymers of olefins and polar monomers. It means a copolymer and has adhesiveness and transparency required for a sealing film for solar cells. As the olefin (co) polymer, one of these may be used, or two or more may be mixed and used.
  • an ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (m-LLDPE) polymerized using a metallocene catalyst low density polyethylene (LDPE), linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) is used.
  • LDPE low density polyethylene
  • LLDPE linear low density polyethylene
  • an olefin (co) polymer is an ethylene-polar monomer copolymer because it has excellent processability, can form a crosslinked structure with a crosslinking agent, and can form a sealing film for solar cells with high adhesion.
  • An ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (m-LLDPE) polymerized using a polymer and / or a metallocene catalyst is preferred.
  • Examples of the polar monomer of the ethylene-polar monomer copolymer include unsaturated carboxylic acid, its salt, its ester, its amide, vinyl ester, carbon monoxide and the like. More specifically, unsaturated carboxylic acids such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, monomethyl maleate, monoethyl maleate, maleic anhydride, itaconic anhydride, lithium of these unsaturated carboxylic acids, sodium, Salts of monovalent metals such as potassium, salts of polyvalent metals such as magnesium, calcium and zinc, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, isopropyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, isooctyl acrylate, methacrylic acid Examples include unsaturated carboxylic acid esters such as methyl, ethyl methacrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, and dimethyl maleate, vinyl esters such
  • ethylene-polar monomer copolymer examples include ethylene-acrylic acid copolymers, ethylene-unsaturated carboxylic acid copolymers such as ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymers, and ethylene-unsaturated carboxylic acids.
  • Ionomers in which some or all of the carboxyl groups of the copolymer are neutralized with the above metals ethylene-methyl acrylate copolymers, ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymers, ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymers, ethylene- Isobutyl acrylate copolymer, ethylene-unsaturated carboxylic acid ester copolymer such as ethylene-n-butyl acrylate copolymer, ethylene-isobutyl acrylate-methacrylic acid copolymer, ethylene-n-butyl acrylate -Ethylene-unsaturated carboxylic acid ester-unsaturated carbo such as methacrylic acid copolymer
  • Typical examples include acid copolymers and ionomers in which some or all of the carboxyl groups have been neutralized with the above metals, ethylene-vinyl ester copolymers such as ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers
  • ethylene-polar monomer copolymers examples include ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer (EMMA), ethylene-ethyl methacrylate copolymer, and ethylene-methyl acrylate copolymer.
  • EVA ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer
  • EMMA ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer
  • EVA ethylene-ethyl methacrylate copolymer
  • ethylene-methyl acrylate copolymer examples include ethylene-methyl acrylate copolymer.
  • An ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer is preferable, and EVA is particularly preferable.
  • the content of vinyl acetate in EVA is preferably 20 to 35% by mass, more preferably 22 to 32% by mass, and particularly preferably 24 to 30% by mass. If the vinyl acetate content is less than 20% by mass, the adhesiveness of the sealing film may not be sufficient. If it exceeds 35% by mass, acid is likely to be generated, which causes corrosion of the electrodes of the solar cell. There is.
  • m-LLDPE is composed mainly of a structural unit derived from ethylene, and further an ⁇ -olefin having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, such as propylene, 1-butene, 1-hexene, 1-octene, 4-methylpentene-1, An ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (including a terpolymer) having one or more kinds of structural units derived from 4-methyl-hexene-1, 4,4-dimethyl-pentene-1, or the like.
  • the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer examples include an ethylene / 1-butene copolymer, an ethylene / 1-octene copolymer, an ethylene-4-methyl-pentene-1 copolymer, an ethylene / butene / hexene copolymer. Center polymers, ethylene / propylene / octene terpolymers, ethylene / butene / octene terpolymers, and the like.
  • the content of ⁇ -olefin in the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer is preferably 5 to 40% by mass, more preferably 10 to 35% by mass, and still more preferably 15 to 30% by mass. If the ⁇ -olefin content is small, the solar cell sealing film may have insufficient flexibility and impact resistance, and if it is too much, the heat resistance may be low.
  • the metallocene catalyst for polymerizing m-LLPDE a known metallocene catalyst may be used, and there is no particular limitation.
  • the metallocene catalyst is generally a compound having a structure in which a transition metal such as titanium, zirconium or hafnium is sandwiched between unsaturated cyclic compounds containing a ⁇ -electron cyclopentadienyl group or a substituted cyclopentadienyl group.
  • a promoter such as an aluminum compound such as alkylaluminoxane, alkylaluminum, aluminum halide, and alkylaluminum halide.
  • Metallocene catalysts are characterized by a uniform active site (single site catalyst), and usually a polymer having a narrow molecular weight distribution and an approximately equal comonomer content of each molecule is obtained.
  • the molecular weight distribution Mw / Mn is preferably 2.0 to 3.5.
  • m-LLDPE commercially available m-LLDPE may be used.
  • Harmolex series Kernel series manufactured by Nippon Polyethylene Co., Ltd., Evolution series manufactured by Prime Polymer Co., Ltd., Excellen GMH series, Excellen FX series manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. and the like can be mentioned.
  • the encapsulating resins listed above may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
  • the sealing resin it is preferable to use a resin having a melt flow rate defined by JIS K7210 of 35 g / 10 min or less, preferably 2 to 15 g / 10 min, particularly 3 to 6 g / 10 min. By having such fluidity, the expansion behavior of the thermally expandable particles is improved.
  • the value of the melt flow rate (MFR) is measured based on conditions of 190 ° C. and a load of 21.18 N according to JIS K7210.
  • the density of the sealing resin may be, for example, 0.86 to 1 g / cm 3 .
  • the sealing film for solar cell of the present invention preferably contains a crosslinking agent to form a crosslinked structure of the sealing resin.
  • a crosslinking agent to form a crosslinked structure of the sealing resin.
  • an organic peroxide or a photopolymerization initiator is preferably used.
  • Any organic peroxide may be used as long as it decomposes at a temperature of 100 ° C. or higher and generates radicals.
  • the organic peroxide is generally selected in consideration of the film formation temperature, the adjustment conditions of the composition, the curing temperature, the heat resistance of the adherend, and the storage stability. In particular, those having a decomposition temperature of 70 hours or more with a half-life of 10 hours are preferred.
  • organic peroxide examples include, from the viewpoint of processing temperature and storage stability of the resin, for example, benzoyl peroxide curing agent, tert-hexyl peroxypivalate, tert-butyl peroxypivalate, 3, 5, 5- Trimethylhexanoyl peroxide, di-n-octanoyl peroxide, lauroyl peroxide, stearoyl peroxide, 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutylperoxy-2-ethylhexanoate, succinic acid peroxide, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di (tert-butylperoxy) hexane, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di (2-ethylhexanoylperoxy) hexane, 1-cyclohexyl-1-methylethyl Peroxy-2-ethylhexanoate, tert-hexylpa Oxy-2-ethylhexano
  • benzoyl peroxide-based curing agent any can be used as long as it decomposes at a temperature of 70 ° C. or higher to generate radicals, and those having a decomposition temperature of 50 hours or higher with a half-life of 10 hours are preferable, It can be appropriately selected in consideration of preparation conditions, film formation temperature, curing (bonding) temperature, heat resistance of the adherend, and storage stability.
  • Usable benzoyl peroxide curing agents include, for example, benzoyl peroxide, 2,5-dimethylhexyl-2,5-bisperoxybenzoate, p-chlorobenzoyl peroxide, m-toluoyl peroxide, 2, Examples include 4-dichlorobenzoyl peroxide and t-butyl peroxybenzoate.
  • the benzoyl peroxide curing agent may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
  • the organic peroxide 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di (tert-butylperoxy) hexane or tert-butylperoxy-2-ethylhexyl monocarbonate is particularly preferable.
  • crosslinked favorably and has the outstanding transparency is obtained.
  • the content of the organic peroxide used in the sealing film for solar cells is preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by weight, more preferably 0.2 to 3 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the sealing resin. Preferably there is. If the content of the organic peroxide is small, the crosslinking speed may be lowered during the crosslinking and curing, and if the content is large, the compatibility with the copolymer may be deteriorated.
  • photopolymerization initiator any known photopolymerization initiator can be used, but a photopolymerization initiator having good storage stability after blending is desirable.
  • photopolymerization initiators include 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropan-1-one, 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone, and 2-methyl-1- (4- (methylthio) phenyl).
  • Acetophenone series such as -2-morpholinopropane-1
  • benzoin series such as benzyldimethyl ketal
  • benzophenone series such as benzophenone, 4-phenylbenzophenone, hydroxybenzophenone, thioxanthone series such as isopropylthioxanthone, 2-4-diethylthioxanthone
  • methylphenylglyoxylate can be used.
  • 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropan-1-one, 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone, 2-methyl-1- (4- (methylthio) phenyl) -2-morpholinopropane-1 examples include benzophenone.
  • photopolymerization initiators may contain one or more known photopolymerization accelerators such as benzoic acid-based or tertiary amine-based compounds such as 4-dimethylaminobenzoic acid, if necessary. Can be mixed and used. Moreover, it can be used individually by 1 type of only a photoinitiator, or 2 or more types of mixture.
  • the content of the photopolymerization initiator is 0.1 to 5 parts by mass, preferably 0.2 to 3 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the sealing resin.
  • the sealing film for solar cells of the present invention further contains a crosslinking aid.
  • the crosslinking aid can improve the gel fraction of the sealing resin and improve the adhesion and weather resistance of the solar cell sealing film.
  • the content of the crosslinking aid is usually 0.1 to 5 parts by weight, preferably 0.1 to 3 parts by weight, particularly preferably 0.3 to 2.0 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the sealing resin. Used in. Thereby, the sealing film which the hardness after bridge
  • crosslinking aid compound having a radical polymerizable group as a functional group
  • examples of the crosslinking aid include trifunctional crosslinking aids such as triallyl cyanurate and triallyl isocyanurate, and (meth) acrylic esters (eg, NK ester) ) Monofunctional or bifunctional crosslinking aids.
  • trifunctional crosslinking aids such as triallyl cyanurate and triallyl isocyanurate, and (meth) acrylic esters (eg, NK ester) ) Monofunctional or bifunctional crosslinking aids.
  • triallyl cyanurate and triallyl isocyanurate are preferable, and triallyl isocyanurate is particularly preferable.
  • the solar cell sealing film of the present invention may further contain an adhesion improver.
  • an adhesion improver a silane coupling agent can be used. Thereby, it can be set as the sealing film for solar cells which has the further outstanding adhesive force.
  • the silane coupling agent include ⁇ -chloropropyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltris ( ⁇ -methoxyethoxy) silane, ⁇ -methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriacetoxysilane, and ⁇ -glycidoxypropyl.
  • the content of the silane coupling agent in the solar cell sealing film of the present invention is preferably 5 parts by mass or less, preferably 0.1 to 2 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the sealing resin.
  • the sealing film for solar cells of the present invention improves or adjusts various physical properties of the film (optical properties such as mechanical strength and transparency, heat resistance, light resistance, crosslinking speed, etc.), especially improvement of mechanical strength. Therefore, if necessary, various additives such as a plasticizer, an acryloxy group-containing compound, a methacryloxy group-containing compound and / or an epoxy group-containing compound may further be included.
  • the solar cell sealing film of the present invention may be formed according to a known method.
  • the composition containing each of the above-described components can be produced by a method of obtaining a sheet-like material by molding by ordinary extrusion molding, calendar molding (calendering) or the like.
  • calendar molding since the heat-expandable particles may expand unintentionally due to a temperature rise in the vicinity of the die, it is preferable to carry out by calendar molding.
  • the thickness of the solar cell sealing film of the present invention can be made thinner than before.
  • the thickness is 0.1 to 2 mm, preferably 0.25 to 1 mm, more preferably 0.25 to 0.6 mm, and most preferably 0.25 to 0.4 mm.
  • the structure of the solar cell of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it includes a structure in which the solar cell element is sealed by the solar cell sealing film of the present invention.
  • the structure etc. which sealed the cell for solar cells by interposing the sealing film for solar cells of this invention between the surface side transparent protection member and the back surface side protection member, and making it bridge-integrate are mentioned. .
  • the side (light-receiving surface side) where the light of the solar cell is irradiated is referred to as “front surface side”, and the side opposite to the light-receiving surface of the solar cell is referred to as “back surface side”.
  • the solar cell in order to sufficiently seal the solar cell, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, power generation of the surface side transparent protective member 11, the surface side sealing film 13A, a single crystal or polycrystalline silicon cell, etc. What is necessary is just to laminate
  • the surface side transparent protective member 11 is usually a glass substrate such as silicate glass.
  • the thickness of the glass substrate is generally from 0.1 to 10 mm, and preferably from 0.3 to 5 mm.
  • the glass substrate may generally be chemically or thermally strengthened.
  • the back side protective member 12 is preferably a plastic film such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polyamide. Further, a film obtained by laminating a fluorinated polyethylene film, particularly a fluorinated polyethylene film / Al / fluorinated polyethylene film in this order in consideration of heat resistance and wet heat resistance may be used. In the case of a solar cell having a double glass structure, a glass plate may be used.
  • the solar cell sealing film of the present invention is not limited to a solar cell using a single crystal or polycrystalline silicon crystal solar cell as shown in FIG. It can also be used for a sealing film of a thin film solar cell such as a solar cell and a copper indium selenide (CIS) solar cell.
  • the solar cell of the present invention is formed on a thin film solar cell element layer formed by a chemical vapor deposition method or the like on the surface of a surface side transparent protective member such as a glass substrate, a polyimide substrate, or a fluororesin transparent substrate.
  • the structure for laminating the battery sealing film and the back surface side protective member and adhering and integrating them On the solar cell element formed on the surface of the back surface side protective member, the structure for laminating the battery sealing film and the back surface side protective member and adhering and integrating them, the front surface side Laminated transparent protective member, bonded and integrated structure, or front side transparent protective member, front side sealing film, thin film solar cell element, back side sealing film, and back side protective member are laminated in this order, For example, a structure that is bonded and integrated.
  • the cell for solar cells and a thin film solar cell element are named generically, and it is called an electric power generation element.
  • the method for manufacturing a solar cell of the present invention includes a front side transparent protective member 11, a front side sealing film 13 ⁇ / b> A, a power generation element 14, a back side colored sealing film 13 ⁇ / b> B, and a back side protective member 12. It has the process of obtaining the laminated body 10 by laminating in order, and pressurizing and heating this laminated body 10.
  • FIG. The step of pressurizing and heating the laminate 10 is preferably performed using, for example, a vacuum laminator having an inflatable diaphragm, particularly a vacuum laminator of the double vacuum chamber system shown in FIG.
  • a vacuum laminator 100 shown in FIG. 2 has an upper chamber 102 having a diaphragm 103 and a lower chamber 101 having a mounting table 105 for mounting the stacked body 10.
  • the laminated body 10 is pressurized by the diaphragm 103 after evacuating the upper chamber 102 and the lower chamber 101.
  • the evacuation in the upper chamber 102 and the lower chamber 101 is performed by dividing the lower chamber vacuum pump 107 connected to the lower chamber exhaust port 106 and the upper chamber vacuum pump 109 connected to the upper chamber exhaust port 108. Is done.
  • the surface-side transparent protective member 11, the surface-side sealing film 13A, the power generation element are placed on the mounting table 105 provided in the lower chamber 101.
  • stacked the back surface side colored sealing film 13B and the back surface side protection member 12 in this order is mounted.
  • the inside of the upper chamber 102 is preferably set to a pressure equal to or higher than the atmospheric pressure. .
  • the uppermost surface of the laminated body 10 is pressed by the diaphragm 103, and the laminated body 10 is pressurized.
  • the upper chamber 102 and the lower chamber 101 are first decompressed to 50 to 150 Pa, particularly 50 to 100 Pa, respectively.
  • the vacuum time is, for example, 0.1 to 5 minutes.
  • the inside of the upper chamber is set to 40 to 110 kPa, particularly 60 to 105 kPa, whereby the laminate is uniformly pressurized by the diaphragm 103.
  • the pressing time is, for example, 5 to 15 minutes.
  • heating is performed together with pressurization.
  • a heating method the entire vacuum laminator 100 shown in FIG. 2 is heated in a high-temperature environment such as an oven, and a heating medium such as a heating plate is introduced into the lower chamber 101 of the vacuum laminator 100 shown in FIG.
  • the method of heating the body 10 etc. are mentioned.
  • a heating plate is used as the mounting table 105, a heating plate is arranged on the upper side and / or lower side of the mounting table 105, or a heating plate is arranged on the upper side and / or lower side of the stacked body. It is done by doing.
  • the laminate 10 is preferably heated to a temperature of 100 to 250 ° C., preferably 120 to 170 ° C.
  • the heating temperature is preferably set as appropriate according to the expansion start temperature and the maximum expansion temperature of the thermally expandable particles to be used.
  • Heating may be performed in two stages using a vacuum laminator and an oven. That is, first, a vacuum laminator is used to heat and temporarily press at a temperature at which the crosslinking agent does not react and the thermally expandable particles do not expand, for example, at a temperature of 80 to 110 ° C., and is then placed in an oven at a temperature of 120 to 170 ° C.
  • the sealing resin may be crosslinked while being heated to expand the thermally expandable particles.
  • the solar cell sealing film of the present invention since the expandable particles contained in the solar cell sealing film expand, the gap between the power generation elements is filled by the expanded portion, and thus a solar cell can be manufactured without causing poor filling. .
  • the expandable particles expand and the volume of the entire solar cell sealing film increases, the thickness of the solar cell sealing film before expansion can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced and transportation and transportation can be reduced. Efficiency is improved.
  • the solar cell manufactured using the solar cell sealing film of the present invention is excellent in durability under conditions of repeated high temperature environment and low temperature environment.
  • the solar cell sealing film of the present invention is preferably used as a back-side sealing film because the expandability of the expandable particles decreases the transparency.
  • the inside of the lower chamber 101 was evacuated, and the inside of the lower chamber was maintained at 0.1 Pa for 5 minutes.
  • pressurization by the diaphragm 103 was started.
  • the pressurization was performed at a pressure of 0.1 Pa to 101 kPa over 1 minute 20 seconds, and this pressure was maintained for 10 minutes.
  • Heating was started simultaneously with evacuation, and the temperature of the mounting table (heating plate) 105 was raised to 165 ° C. and maintained at this temperature until the pressurization was completed. After allowing to cool, a solar cell was obtained.
  • the back side sealing film is the solar cell sealing film prepared in (1-1), and the front side sealing film is EVA (VA content: 26 mass%, MFR: 4 g / 10 min) 100 parts by mass.
  • EVA VA content: 26 mass%, MFR: 4 g / 10 min
  • ⁇ Evaluation method> (1) Poor filling About the produced solar cell, it was confirmed whether the filling defect had generate
  • ⁇ indicates that no peeling was observed, ⁇ indicates that the diameter of the peeling was less than 10 mm, ⁇ indicates that the diameter of the peeling was 10 mm or more and less than 30 mm, Indicates that the diameter of the peeling is 30 mm or more.
  • EVA vinyl acetate content 26 mass%, MFR 4.3 g / 10 min, density 0.949 g / cm 3 (manufactured by Tosoh, Ultrasen 634)
  • Cross-linking agent t-butyl peroxy-2-ethylhexyl monocarbonate (manufactured by NOF Corporation, perbutyl E)
  • Crosslinking aid triallyl isocyanurate (Nippon Kasei, TAIC)
  • Silane coupling agent ⁇ -methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (Shin-Etsu Silicone, KBM503)
  • Thermally expandable particles (2): Advancel EML101 (manufactured

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
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Abstract

L'invention concerne un film d'étanchéité pour cellules solaires qui est exempt de défauts de remplissage, même lorsque le film d'étanchéité formé est d'épaisseur mince, et qui présente une excellente durabilité. Ce film d'étanchéité pour cellules solaires contenant une résine d'étanchéité est caractérisé en ce qu'il contient également des particules thermiquement expansibles, la proportion des particules thermiquement expansibles étant de 0,1 à 50 parties en masse pour 100 parties en masse de la résine d'étanchéité.
PCT/JP2015/081217 2014-11-07 2015-11-05 Film d'étanchéité pour cellules solaires, et cellule solaire WO2016072471A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2014-226625 2014-11-07
JP2014226625A JP2017228549A (ja) 2014-11-07 2014-11-07 太陽電池用封止膜及び太陽電池

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009037962A1 (fr) * 2007-09-18 2009-03-26 Nitto Denko Corporation Elément d'étanchéité pour panneau solaire et module de cellule solaire
WO2010116649A1 (fr) * 2009-03-30 2010-10-14 リンテック株式会社 Feuille de protection de surface arrière pour module de cellule solaire, module de cellule solaire mettant en oeuvre ladite feuille de protection, et procédé de fabrication dudit module de cellule solaire
WO2014157428A1 (fr) * 2013-03-27 2014-10-02 積水化学工業株式会社 Mousse de résine de silicone et matière de scellage

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009037962A1 (fr) * 2007-09-18 2009-03-26 Nitto Denko Corporation Elément d'étanchéité pour panneau solaire et module de cellule solaire
WO2010116649A1 (fr) * 2009-03-30 2010-10-14 リンテック株式会社 Feuille de protection de surface arrière pour module de cellule solaire, module de cellule solaire mettant en oeuvre ladite feuille de protection, et procédé de fabrication dudit module de cellule solaire
WO2014157428A1 (fr) * 2013-03-27 2014-10-02 積水化学工業株式会社 Mousse de résine de silicone et matière de scellage

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