WO2016065593A1 - 一种信号处理的方法及基站 - Google Patents

一种信号处理的方法及基站 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016065593A1
WO2016065593A1 PCT/CN2014/089961 CN2014089961W WO2016065593A1 WO 2016065593 A1 WO2016065593 A1 WO 2016065593A1 CN 2014089961 W CN2014089961 W CN 2014089961W WO 2016065593 A1 WO2016065593 A1 WO 2016065593A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
matrix
orthogonal transform
base station
antennas
antenna ports
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PCT/CN2014/089961
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
朱孝龙
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP14905093.2A priority Critical patent/EP3190734B1/en
Priority to JP2017523374A priority patent/JP2018500797A/ja
Priority to PCT/CN2014/089961 priority patent/WO2016065593A1/zh
Priority to CN201480036179.4A priority patent/CN105874739B/zh
Publication of WO2016065593A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016065593A1/zh
Priority to US15/582,188 priority patent/US9991991B2/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/02—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception
    • H04L1/06—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception using space diversity
    • H04L1/0618—Space-time coding
    • H04L1/0625—Transmitter arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/022—Site diversity; Macro-diversity
    • H04B7/024—Co-operative use of antennas of several sites, e.g. in co-ordinated multipoint or co-operative multiple-input multiple-output [MIMO] systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/02—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception
    • H04L1/06—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception using space diversity
    • H04L1/0618—Space-time coding
    • H04L1/0637—Properties of the code
    • H04L1/0668—Orthogonal systems, e.g. using Alamouti codes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/38—TPC being performed in particular situations
    • H04W52/42—TPC being performed in particular situations in systems with time, space, frequency or polarisation diversity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/08—Access point devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a signal processing method and a base station.
  • MIMO Multiple-Input Multiple-Output
  • each base station has two physical antennas, and signals of four antenna ports can be transmitted through four physical antennas respectively. That is, each physical antenna transmits a signal of one antenna port. If the user equipment is close to one base station and away from another base station, the loss of the propagation path of the downlink 4 physical antennas is inconsistent, resulting in unbalanced receive channel power of user equipment data demodulation, thereby reducing downlink transmission efficiency.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a signal processing method and a base station, which can improve downlink transmission efficiency.
  • a first aspect of the present invention provides a base station, including:
  • a processing unit configured to perform packetization, code modulation, and multi-antenna processing on data of the downlink channel to form a signal of the antenna port;
  • the processing unit is further configured to perform orthogonal transform on the signal of the antenna port according to a preset matrix for orthogonal transform
  • a sending unit configured to send the signals of the orthogonally transformed antenna ports to the user equipment by using different antennas, where the cells covered by the different antennas have the same cell identifier.
  • the method further includes:
  • a setting unit configured to set a row number and a column number of the matrix for orthogonal transform according to the number of antennas and the number of antenna ports, to generate the matrix for orthogonal transform, where the orthogonal transform is used
  • the modulus of each element in the matrix is equal;
  • the number of rows of the matrix used for orthogonal transform is the number of antennas, and the number of columns is the number of the antenna ports.
  • the matrix for orthogonal transform is an orthogonal matrix
  • the matrix for orthogonal transform includes at least one sub-matrix that can form an orthogonal matrix
  • the matrix for orthogonal transform is a sub-matrix in one orthogonal matrix.
  • the processing unit is configured to set a correspondence between each row element in the matrix for orthogonal transform and the different antennas, and then pair the antenna ports according to row elements corresponding to the different antennas respectively.
  • the signals are linearly superimposed to obtain linear superimposed signals respectively corresponding to the different antennas;
  • the linear superposition signal comprises a linear superposition signal of a signal of the antenna port.
  • the setting unit is further configured to update the matrix for orthogonal transform when detecting the number of the antenna ports and/or the number of the antennas changes.
  • a second aspect of the present invention provides a base station, including: a processor, a communication interface, and a memory, where
  • the communication interface is configured to communicate with a user equipment
  • the memory is used to store a program
  • the processor is configured to execute the program to implement
  • the signals of the orthogonally transformed antenna ports are simultaneously transmitted to the user equipment through different antennas, and the cells covered by the different antennas have the same cell identifier.
  • the processor is further configured to:
  • each of the matrices for orthogonal transform The modulus values of the elements are equal;
  • the number of rows of the matrix used for orthogonal transform is the number of antennas, and the number of columns is the number of the antenna ports.
  • the matrix for orthogonal transform is an orthogonal matrix
  • the matrix for orthogonal transform includes at least one sub-matrix that can form an orthogonal matrix
  • the matrix for orthogonal transform is a sub-matrix in one orthogonal matrix.
  • the processor is specifically configured to:
  • the linear superposition signal comprises a linear superposition signal of a signal of the antenna port.
  • the processor is also used to:
  • the matrix for orthogonal transform is updated when it is detected that the number of antenna ports and/or the number of antennas changes.
  • a third aspect of the present invention provides a signal processing method, including:
  • the base station performs packetization, code modulation, and multi-antenna processing on the data of the downlink channel to form a signal of the antenna port;
  • the base station sends the signals of the orthogonally transformed antenna ports to the user equipment through different antennas at the same time, and the cells covered by the different antennas have the same cell identifier.
  • the method before the step of orthogonally transforming, by the base station, the signal of the antenna port according to a preset matrix for orthogonal transform, the method further includes:
  • the base station sets the number of rows and the number of columns of the matrix for orthogonal transform according to the number of antennas and the number of antenna ports to generate the matrix for orthogonal transform, where the matrix is used for orthogonal transform
  • Each element has the same modulus value
  • the number of rows of the matrix used for orthogonal transform is the number of antennas, and the number of columns is the number of the antenna ports.
  • the matrix for orthogonal transform is an orthogonal matrix
  • the matrix for orthogonal transform includes at least one sub-matrix that can form an orthogonal matrix
  • the matrix for orthogonal transform is a sub-matrix in one orthogonal matrix.
  • the base station performs orthogonal transformation on the signal of the antenna port according to a preset matrix for orthogonal transform, including:
  • the linear superposition signal comprises a linear superposition signal of a signal of the antenna port.
  • the base station updates the matrix for orthogonal transform when it is detected that the number of antenna ports and/or the number of antennas changes.
  • the embodiment of the present invention performs orthogonal transform on the signal of the antenna port according to the preset matrix for orthogonal transform, and passes the signal of the orthogonally transformed antenna port through the antenna with different geographical locations. It is sent to the user equipment, so that the channel power of each antenna port received by the user equipment is always balanced, which improves the downlink transmission efficiency.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a scenario of an LTE system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a method for signal processing according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart diagram of another method for signal processing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a signal processing scenario according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3b is a schematic diagram of another signal processing scenario according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3c is a schematic diagram of another scenario of signal processing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another base station according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a scenario of an LTE system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • an evolved base station is an access device of a long term evalution (LTE) system, and one or more eNodeBs form an evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (evolved universal terrestrial radio access).
  • Network E-UTRAN
  • the eNodeB communicates with the user equipment (UE) through the Uu interface, communicates with other eNodeBs through the X2 interface, and communicates with the evolved packet core (EPC) through the S1 interface.
  • UE user equipment
  • EPC evolved packet core
  • the eNodeB receives the uplink signal sent by the UE through the antenna, completes receiving, demodulating, decoding, and grouping the uplink signal, and sends the uplink received data packet to the mobility management entity/service gateway (Mobility Management Entity/Serving Gateway, MME/S-GW).
  • MME/S-GW mobility management entity/service gateway
  • the eNodeB performs packetization, code modulation, and multi-antenna processing on the data of the downlink channel to form a signal of the antenna port, and transmits the signal of the antenna port to the UE through the antenna.
  • the signal of the antenna port involved in the embodiment of the present invention includes a downlink reference signal and a downlink physical channel
  • the downlink reference signal may include a cell-specific reference signal (CRS) and a demodulation reference signal (De Modulation Reference) Signal, DMRS, and Channel State Indication RS (CSI-RS);
  • the downlink physical channel may include a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) and a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH).
  • PDSCH Physical Downlink Shared Channel
  • PDCCH Physical Downlink Control Channel
  • PCFICH physical control format indicator channel
  • PBCH physical broadcast letter A physical broadcast channel
  • PHICH physical hybrid automatic repeat request indicator channel
  • PMCH physical multicast channel
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a method for signal processing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the method may include:
  • the base station performs packetization, code modulation, and multi-antenna processing on data of the downlink channel to form a signal of the antenna port.
  • the base station when there is only one base station in a certain base station group, the base station performs packetization, code modulation, and multi-antenna processing on the data of the downlink channel to form an antenna port signal, and the number of antenna ports formed by the base station is the base station group.
  • the total number of antenna ports in the middle when a certain base station group includes at least two base stations, each base station may mutually share data of respective downlink channels, so that each base station obtains data of the total downlink channel, and each base station separately performs the downlink of the downlink channel.
  • the data of the channel is grouped, coded, modulated, and multi-antenna processed to form signals of the antenna port, and the number of antenna ports formed by each base station is the total number of antenna ports in the base station group; or, when a certain base station group is included
  • each base station separately performs packetization, code modulation, and multi-antenna processing on the data of the respective downlink channels to form signals of the antenna ports, and each base station mutually shares the respective formed antenna ports, so that each base station The number of antenna ports obtained by the base station is the total number of antenna ports in the base station group.
  • the base station group may include at least one base station, and the base station group may constitute a distributed antenna system (DAS) or a distributed networking scenario.
  • the distributed networking scenario may include a macro macro network, a macro micro network, and a pico Networking.
  • the base station performs orthogonal transform on a signal of the antenna port according to a preset matrix for orthogonal transform.
  • the base station may perform orthogonal transformation on the signals of all the antenna ports according to a preset matrix for orthogonal transform, and the orthogonal transformation is specific.
  • the process may be: linearly superimposing the signals of each row of the matrix with the signals of all the antenna ports, and the linear transformation corresponding to each row element is orthogonal to each other.
  • the matrix for orthogonal transform includes two rows of elements, and the signals of the first row element and all antenna ports are linearly stacked. Plus, the second row element is linearly superimposed with the signals of all antenna ports, and the process of two linear superpositions is called orthogonal transform.
  • one or more base stations can perform orthogonal transform on the signals of the antenna ports according to a preset matrix for orthogonal transform.
  • the signals of the antenna port are orthogonally transformed according to a preset matrix for orthogonal transform, that is, in the signal of each antenna port.
  • the downlink reference signal performs orthogonal transform, and orthogonal transform is also performed on the downlink physical channel in the signals of the respective antenna ports.
  • the base station sends the signals of the orthogonally transformed antenna ports to the user equipment through different antennas, where the cells covered by the different antennas have the same cell identifier.
  • the base station when the number of the base stations in the base station group is one, the base station sends the signals of the orthogonally transformed antenna ports to the user equipment through different antennas at the same time, so that the antenna ports received by the user equipment are obtained.
  • the channel power is always balanced, which improves the downlink transmission efficiency.
  • the base station may send the signal of the orthogonally transformed antenna port to the user equipment through the antenna of the local base station, and control other base stations in the base station group to control
  • the signals of the antenna ports that are orthogonally transformed are simultaneously transmitted to the user equipment through the respective antennas, so that the channel power of each antenna port received by the user equipment is always balanced, which improves the downlink transmission efficiency.
  • the cells covered by the different antennas have the same cell identifier, indicating that the different antennas are all in one base station group. It is known in step S102 that each of the elements in the matrix for orthogonal transform is linearly superimposed on the signal of the antenna port, so that at least one linear superposition signal can be obtained, and therefore, the orthogonally transformed antenna port
  • the signal includes at least one linear superimposed signal.
  • the specific process of the base station transmitting the signals of the orthogonally transformed antenna ports to the user equipment through different antennas is: the base station simultaneously sends the at least one linear superimposed signal to the user equipment through the corresponding antennas .
  • the base station Before the base station separately transmits the at least one linear superimposed signal to the corresponding antenna, performing: performing resource mapping, OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) signal on the at least one linear superimposed signal And generating a medium radio frequency transform processing, and outputting the processed at least one linear superimposed signal to the corresponding antenna.
  • resource mapping Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
  • OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
  • the embodiment of the present invention performs orthogonal transform on the signal of the antenna port according to the preset matrix for orthogonal transform, and simultaneously transmits the signal of the orthogonally transformed antenna port to the user equipment through different antennas, so that The channel power of each antenna port received by the user equipment is always balanced, which improves the downlink transmission efficiency.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart diagram of another method for signal processing according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the method may include:
  • the base station performs packetization, code modulation, and multi-antenna processing on the data of the downlink channel to form a signal of the antenna port.
  • step S201 For the specific implementation of the step S201, refer to the S101 in the corresponding embodiment of FIG. 2, and details are not described herein.
  • the base station sets the number of rows and the number of columns of the matrix for orthogonal transform according to the number of antennas and the number of antenna ports, to generate the matrix for orthogonal transform, where the orthogonal transform is used.
  • the number of rows of the matrix is the number of the antennas, and the number of columns is the number of the antenna ports;
  • the number of base stations in the base station group is determined, and the number of antennas and the number of antenna ports of each base station in the base station group are respectively acquired to calculate the number of antennas and the number of antenna ports in the base station group.
  • the matrix used for orthogonal transform is an orthogonal matrix, for example, the matrix used for orthogonal transform is:
  • the matrix for orthogonal transform is at least A submatrix that can form an orthogonal matrix is included, for example, the matrix for orthogonal transform is:
  • the matrix used for orthogonal transform is a sub-matrix in an orthogonal matrix, for example, the matrix used for orthogonal transform is:
  • the matrix for orthogonal transform may also be updated; for example, when the number of antennas is detected to be increased, the number may be increased.
  • the number of rows of the matrix used for orthogonal transform allows the newly added antenna to transmit corresponding linear superimposed signals according to the newly added row elements.
  • the base station performs orthogonal transform on a signal of the antenna port according to a preset matrix for orthogonal transform.
  • the specific process of performing orthogonal transformation on the signal of the antenna port by the base station is: first, setting a correspondence relationship between each row element in the matrix for orthogonal transform and the different antenna, and then separately according to The respective row elements of the different antennas linearly superimpose the signals of the antenna ports to obtain linear superimposed signals respectively corresponding to the different antennas, wherein the linear superimposed signals include signals of the antenna ports Linear superimposed signal.
  • FIG. 3a is a schematic diagram of a signal processing scenario according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3a is a distributed 4x2 MIMO networking scenario.
  • Base station A has two antennas ANT0 and ANT1
  • base station B has two antennas ANT2 and ANT3, four antennas of two base stations and two antennas of UE form distributed 4x2 MIMO
  • ANT0 and ANT1 cover cells and ANT2 and The cells covered by ANT3 have the same cell identity.
  • both the base station A and the base station B shown in FIG. 3a will first perform orthogonal transform on the signals of the antenna ports port0-port3 according to the matrix used for orthogonal transform, and the base station A will perform orthogonal transform.
  • the signals of the antenna ports port0-port3 are sent to the UE through the antennas ANT0 and ANT1, respectively, and the base station B also sends the signals of the orthogonally transformed antenna ports port0-port3 to the UE through the antennas ANT2 and ANT3, respectively.
  • the process of orthogonal transformation of the signals of the antenna ports port0-port3 by the base station A and the base station B is as follows:
  • Orthogonal matrix A [a00,a01,a02,a03
  • the signals of the antenna ports port0-port3 are orthogonally transformed, and then obtained.
  • Linear superimposed signal OUT0 (a00*port0+a01*port1+a02*port2+a03*port3)
  • Linear superimposed signal OUT1 (a10*port0+a11*port1+a12*port2+a13*port3)
  • Linear superimposed signal OUT2 (a20*port0+a21*port1+a22*port2+a23*port3)
  • the linear superposition signal OUT3 (a30*port0+a31*port1+a32*port2+a33*port3).
  • the base station sends the signals of the orthogonally transformed antenna ports to the user equipment through different antennas at the same time;
  • the base station may simultaneously send the signal of the orthogonally transformed antenna port to the user equipment through different antennas, that is, the base station will be at least one linear
  • the superimposed signals are simultaneously transmitted to the user equipment through the corresponding antennas.
  • a linear superposition signal is calculated at base station A and base station B, respectively.
  • the base station A After the number OUT0-OUT3, the base station A sends the OUT0 to the UE through the ANT0, the base station A also sends the OUT1 to the UE through the ANT1, the base station B sends the OUT2 to the UE through the ANT2, and the base station B sends the OUT3 to the UE through the ANT3, so that the UE
  • the two receiving antennas can respectively receive four linear superposition signals.
  • the two receiving antennas used by the UE are the receiving antenna a and the receiving antenna b, respectively.
  • the receiving signal received by the receiving antenna a is R0
  • the receiving signal received by the receiving antenna b is R1
  • R0 and R1 can be expressed as:
  • H00 represents the physical channel between ANT0 and receiving antenna a
  • H10 represents the physical channel between ANT0 and receiving antenna b
  • H01 represents the physical channel between ANT1 and receiving antenna a
  • H11 represents the relationship between ANT1 and receiving antenna b
  • H02 represents the physical channel between ANT2 and receiving antenna a
  • H12 represents the physical channel between ANT2 and receiving antenna b
  • H03 represents the physical channel between ANT3 and receiving antenna a
  • H13 represents ANT3 and receiving antenna b
  • E ⁇ represents the mathematical expectation operation
  • ⁇ 2 represents the square of the complex modulus.
  • the physical channels (H10 to H13) are used independently of each other, the mean is assuming that the power of 0 is W, and the condition that the modulus of each element in the orthogonal matrix A is equal to 1.
  • the channel powers (port0 to port3) in R0 and the antenna ports (port1 to port3) in R1 are (2+2*p*p)*W. Therefore, after the orthogonal transform of the orthogonal matrix A, the channel power of the four antenna ports is always balanced, thereby avoiding the MIMO performance deterioration caused by the power imbalance.
  • the orthogonal transform does not change the correlation of the physical channel, the effect of the MIMO multi-stream transmission is not affected.
  • the RRU Remote Radio Unit
  • the RRU with different transceiving capabilities can be enabled by orthogonally transforming the signals of the antenna ports. ) can also coexist without affecting the balance of the channel power of the antenna port received by the user equipment.
  • FIG. 3b is a schematic diagram of another signal processing scenario according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3c is a schematic diagram of another signal processing scenario according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3b shows a distributed 4x2 MIMO networking scenario.
  • Base station A has two antennas ANT0 and ANT1
  • base station B has two antennas ANT2 and ANT3
  • base station C has two antennas ANT4 and ANT5, six antennas of three base stations and two antenna groups of the UE
  • the cells covered by ANT0 and ANT1 and the cells covered by ANT2 and ANT3 have the same cell identity as the cells covered by ANT4 and ANT5.
  • the process of orthogonally transforming the signals of the antenna ports port0-port3 by the base station A, the base station B, and the base station C is as follows:
  • the preset matrix for orthogonal transform is matrix A
  • the first four rows of elements in matrix A form an orthogonal matrix
  • the linear transformations of the last two rows are consistent with the linear transformation of the first four rows.
  • Matrix A [a00,a01,a02,a03
  • the signals of the antenna ports port0-port3 are orthogonally transformed, and then obtained.
  • Linear superimposed signal OUT0 (a00*port0+a01*port1+a02*port2+a03*port3)
  • Linear superimposed signal OUT1 (a10*port0+a11*port1+a12*port2+a13*port3)
  • Linear superimposed signal OUT2 (a20*port0+a21*port1+a22*port2+a23*port3)
  • Linear superimposed signal OUT3 (a30*port0+a31*port1+a32*port2+a33*port3)
  • Linear superimposed signal OUT4 (a40*port0+a41*port1+a42*port2+a43*port3)
  • Linear superimposed signal OUT5 (a50*port0+a51*port1+a52*port2+a53*port3)
  • the base station A After obtaining the linear superimposed signals OUT0-OUT5, the base station A sends OUT0 to the UE through ANT0, and the base station A also sends OUT1 to the UE through ANT1, the base station B sends OUT2 to the UE through ANT2, and the base station B sends the OUT3 to the UE through the ANT3.
  • the base station C sends the OUT4 to the UE through the ANT4, and the base station C sends the OUT5 to the UE through the ANT5, so that the two receiving antennas of the UE can respectively receive the six linear superposition signals.
  • the channel power of the four antenna ports received by the UE is always balanced, thereby avoiding the MIMO performance degradation caused by the power imbalance, wherein the channel power of the UE to the received antenna port
  • the orthogonal transform does not change the physical channel
  • the correlation does not affect the effect of MIMO multi-stream transmission. It can be seen that when the number of base stations in the base station group is extended to more than two, the downlink performance loss caused by the power imbalance can be avoided, thereby improving the downlink transmission efficiency.
  • Figure 3c is taken as an example, and Figure 3c shows a distributed 4x2 MIMO networking scenario.
  • the base station A has two antennas ANT0 and ANT1
  • the base station B has four antennas ANT2, ANT3, ANT4, and ANT5, and the six antennas of the two base stations and the two antennas of the UE form distributed 4x2 MIMO
  • ANT0 The cell covered by ANT1 has the same cell identity as the cell covered by ANT2, ANT3, ANT4, and ANT5.
  • the process of orthogonal transformation of the signals of the antenna ports port0-port3 by the base station A and the base station B is as follows:
  • the preset matrix for orthogonal transform is matrix A
  • the first four rows of elements in matrix A form an orthogonal matrix
  • the linear transformations of the last two rows are consistent with the linear transformation of the first four rows.
  • Matrix A [a00,a01,a02,a03
  • the signals of the antenna ports port0-port3 are orthogonally transformed, and then obtained.
  • Linear superimposed signal OUT0 (a00*port0+a01*port1+a02*port2+a03*port3)
  • Linear superimposed signal OUT1 (a10*port0+a11*port1+a12*port2+a13*port3)
  • Linear superimposed signal OUT2 (a20*port0+a21*port1+a22*port2+a23*port3)
  • Linear superimposed signal OUT3 (a30*port0+a31*port1+a32*port2+a33*port3)
  • Linear superimposed signal OUT4 (a40*port0+a41*port1+a42*port2+a43*port3)
  • Linear superimposed signal OUT5 (a50*port0+a51*port1+a52*port2+a53*port3)
  • the base station A After obtaining the linear superposition signals OUT0-OUT5, the base station A sends OUT0 to the UE through ANT0, and the base station A also sends OUT1 to the UE through ANT1, and the base station B sends OUT2 through the ANT2.
  • the base station B sends the OUT3 to the UE through the ANT3, and the base station B sends the OUT4 to the UE through the ANT4, and the base station B sends the OUT5 to the UE through the ANT5, so that the two receiving antennas of the UE can respectively receive the six linear superposition signals.
  • the channel power of the four antenna ports received by the UE is always balanced, thereby avoiding the MIMO performance degradation caused by the power imbalance, wherein the channel power of the UE to the received antenna port
  • the derivation process refer to the derivation of the channel power of the received antenna port by the UE described in the step S205 in the foregoing embodiment of FIG. 3, and details are not described herein. It can be seen that when the number of antennas corresponding to each base station in the base station group is not equal, the downlink performance loss caused by the power imbalance can be avoided, thereby improving the downlink transmission efficiency.
  • the embodiment of the present invention performs orthogonal transform on the signal of the antenna port according to the preset matrix for orthogonal transform, and passes the signal of the orthogonally transformed antenna port through the antenna with different geographical locations. It is sent to the user equipment, so that the channel power of each antenna port received by the user equipment is always balanced, which improves the downlink transmission efficiency.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the base station 1 may include: a processing unit 10, a sending unit 20, and a setting unit 30.
  • the processing unit 10 is configured to perform packetization, code modulation, and multi-antenna processing on data of the downlink channel to form a signal of the antenna port;
  • the processing unit 10 of the base station 1 may perform packetization, code modulation, and multi-antenna processing on data of the downlink channel to form an antenna port signal, and the base station
  • the number of formed antenna ports is the total number of antenna ports in the base station group.
  • the processing unit 10 of the base station 1 and the processing units of other base stations in the base station group may mutually share the data of the respective downlink channels, so that each base station obtains the total The data of the downlink channel, the processing unit 10 of the base station 1 and the processing units of other base stations in the base station group respectively perform packetization, code modulation, and multi-antenna processing on the data of the total downlink channel to form an antenna port signal, and each The number of antenna ports formed by each base station is the total number of antenna ports in the base station group; or, when a certain base station group includes at least two base stations, the processing unit 10 of the base station 1 and other base stations in the base station group The processing unit first groups the data of the respective downlink channels separately The packet, the coded modulation, and the multi-antenna processing form signals of the antenna port, and the processing unit 10 of the base station 1 and the processing units of other base stations in the base station group mutually share the respective formed antenna ports, so that the number
  • the base station group may include at least one base station, and the base station group may be a distributed antenna system or a distributed networking scenario.
  • the distributed networking scenario may include a macro macro network, a macro micro network, and a pico networking.
  • the processing unit 10 is further configured to perform orthogonal transform on the signal of the antenna port according to a preset matrix for orthogonal transform
  • the processing unit 10 may further perform orthogonal transformation on signals of all antenna ports according to a preset matrix for orthogonal transform.
  • the specific process of the orthogonal transform may be: linearly superimposing the signals of each row of the matrix with the signals of all the antenna ports, and the linear transformation corresponding to each row element is orthogonal to each other.
  • the matrix for orthogonal transform includes two rows of elements, and the processing unit 10 linearly superimposes signals of the first row element and all antenna ports, and linearly superimposes signals of the second row element and all antenna ports.
  • the process of two linear superpositions is called orthogonal transformation.
  • the processing unit of each base station may orthogonally transform the signal of the antenna port according to a preset matrix for orthogonal transform.
  • the processing unit 10 is specifically configured to set a correspondence relationship between each row element in the matrix for orthogonal transform and the different antennas, and then respectively perform row element pairs corresponding to the different antennas respectively.
  • the signal of the antenna port is linearly superimposed to obtain a linear superimposed signal corresponding to the different antennas, wherein the corresponding relationship means that the row elements have a one-to-one correspondence with the different antennas;
  • the linear superposition signal includes a linear superposition signal of a signal of the antenna port.
  • the sending unit 20 is configured to send the signals of the orthogonally transformed antenna ports to the user equipment through different antennas, where the cells covered by the different antennas have the same cell identifier;
  • the sending unit 20 of the base station 1 sends the signals of the orthogonally transformed antenna ports to the user equipment through different antennas at the same time, so that the user equipment can receive The channel power of each antenna port is always balanced, which improves the downlink transmission efficiency. rate.
  • the sending unit 20 of the base station 1 may send the signal of the orthogonally transformed antenna port to the user equipment through the antenna of the local base station, and control the base station group.
  • the other base stations transmit the signals of the orthogonally-converted antenna ports to the user equipment through the respective antennas at the same time, so that the channel power of each antenna port received by the user equipment is always balanced, which improves the downlink transmission efficiency.
  • the cells covered by the different antennas have the same cell identifier, indicating that the different antennas are all in one base station group. It is known in step S102 that each of the elements in the matrix for orthogonal transform is linearly superimposed on the signal of the antenna port, so that at least one linear superposition signal can be obtained, and therefore, the orthogonally transformed antenna port
  • the signal includes at least one linear superimposed signal.
  • the specific process of the transmitting unit 20 transmitting the signals of the orthogonally transformed antenna ports to the user equipment through different antennas is: the sending unit 20 passes the at least one linear superimposed signal through the corresponding antennas simultaneously Sent to the user device. Before transmitting the at least one linear superimposed signal to the corresponding antenna, the sending unit 20 further performs: performing resource mapping, OFDM signal generation, and medium radio frequency conversion processing on the at least one linear superimposed signal, and then processing the at least one linear superimposed signal. At least one linear superimposed signal is output to the corresponding antenna.
  • the three processing modes of the resource mapping, the OFDM signal generation, and the medium radio frequency conversion are all prior art, and are not described herein again.
  • the distributed 4x2 MIMO networking scenario shown in Figure 3a is taken as an example, and two base stations are taken as an example.
  • the base station A has two antennas ANT0 and ANT1
  • the base station B has two antennas ANT2 and ANT3, two
  • the four antennas of the base station and the two antennas of the UE form distributed 4x2 MIMO, and the cells covered by ANT0 and ANT1 have the same cell identity as the cells covered by ANT2 and ANT3.
  • the process of orthogonally transforming the signals of the antenna ports port0-port3 by the processing unit of the base station A and the processing unit of the base station B is as follows:
  • Orthogonal matrix A [a00,a01,a02,a03
  • the processing units of the two base stations perform orthogonal transformation on the signals of the antenna ports port0-port3, and both are obtained.
  • Linear superimposed signal OUT0 (a00*port0+a01*port1+a02*port2+a03*port3)
  • Linear superimposed signal OUT1 (a10*port0+a11*port1+a12*port2+a13*port3)
  • Linear superimposed signal OUT2 (a20*port0+a21*port1+a22*port2+a23*port3)
  • Linear superimposed signal OUT3 (a30*port0+a31*port1+a32*port2+a33*port3);
  • the transmitting unit of the base station A sends OUT0 to the UE through ANT0, and the transmitting unit of the base station A also sends OUT1 to the UE through ANT1, the transmitting unit of the base station B sends OUT2 to the UE through ANT2, and the transmitting unit of the base station B sends OUT3 through the ANT3.
  • the UE is enabled such that the two receiving antennas of the UE can receive the four linear superposition signals respectively, so that the channel powers of the four antenna ports received by the UE are always balanced, thereby avoiding MIMO performance degradation caused by power imbalance.
  • the orthogonal transform does not change the correlation of the physical channel, the effect of the MIMO multi-stream transmission is not affected.
  • the setting unit 30 is configured to set a row number and a column number of the matrix for orthogonal transform according to the number of antennas and the number of antenna ports, to generate the matrix for orthogonal transform, where the The modulus values of each element in the matrix of the cross transformation are equal;
  • the number of rows of the matrix used for orthogonal transform is the number of antennas
  • the number of columns is the number of the antenna ports.
  • the setting unit 30 is performed before the processing unit 10 performs orthogonal transformation on the signal of the antenna port, and the setting unit 30 determines the number of base stations in the base station group, and acquires each base station in the base station group respectively.
  • the number of antennas and the number of antenna ports to calculate the number of antennas and the number of antenna ports in the base station group.
  • the setting unit 30 sets the number of antennas in the base station group to the number of rows of the matrix for orthogonal transform, and sets the number of antenna ports in the base station group to the orthogonal transform.
  • the number of columns of the matrix to generate the matrix for orthogonal transform.
  • the modulus values of each element in the matrix for orthogonal transform are equal.
  • the matrix used for orthogonal transform is an orthogonal matrix, for example, the matrix used for orthogonal transform is:
  • the matrix for orthogonal transform includes at least one sub-matrix that can form an orthogonal matrix, for example, the matrix for orthogonal transform is:
  • the matrix used for orthogonal transform is a sub-matrix in an orthogonal matrix, for example, the matrix used for orthogonal transform is:
  • the setting unit 30 may further update the matrix used for orthogonal transform; for example, detecting an increase in the number of antennas
  • the setting unit 30 may increase the number of rows of the existing matrix for orthogonal transform, so that the newly added antenna may also transmit a corresponding linear superimposed signal according to the newly added row element.
  • the embodiment of the present invention performs orthogonal transform on the signal of the antenna port according to the preset matrix for orthogonal transform, and passes the signal of the orthogonally transformed antenna port through the antenna with different geographical locations. It is sent to the user equipment, so that the channel power of each antenna port received by the user equipment is always balanced, which improves the downlink transmission efficiency.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a computer storage medium, wherein the computer storage medium
  • a program may be stored which, when executed, includes some or all of the steps of the method of signal processing described in the method embodiments of FIGS. 1 to 3c described above.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another base station according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the base station 1000 may include a processor 1001, a communication interface 1002, and a memory 1003.
  • the number of processors 1001 in the base station 1000 may be one or For example, one processor 1001 is taken as an example in FIG. 5).
  • the processor 1001, the communication interface 1002, and the memory 1003 may be connected by a communication bus or other means, wherein FIG. 5 is exemplified by a communication bus connection.
  • the communication interface 1002 is configured to communicate with a user equipment.
  • the memory 1003 is configured to store a program
  • the processor 1001 is configured to execute the program to implement
  • the signals of the orthogonally transformed antenna ports are simultaneously transmitted to the user equipment through different antennas, and the cells covered by the different antennas have the same cell identifier.
  • the processor 1001 is further configured to:
  • each of the matrices for orthogonal transform The modulus values of the elements are equal;
  • the number of rows of the matrix used for orthogonal transform is the number of antennas, and the number of columns is the number of the antenna ports.
  • the matrix used for orthogonal transform is an orthogonal matrix
  • the matrix for orthogonal transform includes at least one sub-matrix that can form an orthogonal matrix
  • the matrix for orthogonal transform is a sub-matrix in one orthogonal matrix.
  • the processor 1001 is specifically configured to:
  • the linear superposition signal comprises a linear superposition signal of a signal of the antenna port.
  • the processor 1001 is further configured to:
  • the matrix for orthogonal transform is updated when it is detected that the number of antenna ports and/or the number of antennas changes.
  • the embodiment of the present invention performs orthogonal transform on the signal of the antenna port according to the preset matrix for orthogonal transform, and passes the signal of the orthogonally transformed antenna port through the antenna with different geographical locations. It is sent to the user equipment, so that the channel power of each antenna port received by the user equipment is always balanced, which improves the downlink transmission efficiency.

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Abstract

本发明实施例公开一种信号处理的方法及基站，其中，所述方法可以包括：基站对下行信道的数据进行组包、编码调制和多天线处理形成天线端口的信号；所述基站根据预设的用于正交变换的矩阵对所述天线端口的信号进行正交变换；所述基站将所述正交变换后的天线端口的信号通过不同的天线同时发送给用户设备，所述不同的天线覆盖的小区具有相同的小区标识。采用本发明，可以使用户设备接收到的各个天线端口的信道功率始终平衡，以提升下行传输效率。

Description

一种信号处理的方法及基站 技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种信号处理的方法及基站。
背景技术
随着无线通信的迅速发展，未来移动通信系统要求高达每秒数十兆甚至数百兆比特的数据传输速率，在无线频谱资源一定的前提下，采用多根发射天线和多根接收天线的多输入多输出(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output，MIMO)技术，利用空间自由度，可以提升系统容量、覆盖、提高用户速率和改善用户体验。
例如，在分布式4x2 MIMO组网场景中，配置了2个基站和4个天线端口，每个基站都有2根物理天线，4个天线端口的信号可以分别通过4根物理天线上进行发射，即每根物理天线均发射一个天线端口的信号。若用户设备靠近一个基站而远离另一个基站，则下行4个物理天线的传播路径的损耗不一致，导致用户设备数据解调的接收信道功率不平衡，从而降低了下行传输效率。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种信号处理的方法及基站，可以提升下行传输效率。
本发明第一方面提供了一种基站，包括：
处理单元，用于对下行信道的数据进行组包、编码调制和多天线处理形成天线端口的信号；
所述处理单元，还用于根据预设的用于正交变换的矩阵对所述天线端口的信号进行正交变换；
发送单元，用于将所述正交变换后的天线端口的信号通过不同的天线同时发送给用户设备，所述不同的天线覆盖的小区具有相同的小区标识。
在第一种可能的实现方式中，还包括：
设置单元，用于根据天线数量和天线端口数量，设置所述用于正交变换的矩阵的行数和列数，以生成所述用于正交变换的矩阵，所述用于正交变换的矩阵中的每个元素的模值相等；
其中，所述用于正交变换的矩阵的行数为所述天线数量，且列数为所述天线端口数量。
结合第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式，在第二种可能的实现方式中，
当所述天线端口数量和所述天线数量相等时，所述用于正交变换的矩阵为正交矩阵；
当所述天线端口数量小于所述天线数量时，所述用于正交变换的矩阵至少包括一个可构成正交矩阵的子矩阵；
当所述天线端口数量大于所述天线数量时，所述用于正交变换的矩阵为一个正交矩阵中的子矩阵。
结合第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式，或第一方面的第二种可能的实现方式，在第三种可能的实现方式中，
所述处理单元，具体用于为所述用于正交变换的矩阵中的各行元素与所述不同的天线设置对应关系，再分别根据所述不同的天线分别对应的行元素对所述天线端口的信号进行线性叠加，以得到与所述不同的天线分别对应的线性叠加信号；
其中，所述对应关系是指所述各行元素与所述不同的天线为一一对应关系；
其中，所述线性叠加信号包括所述天线端口的信号的线性叠加信号。
结合第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式，或第一方面的第二种可能的实现方式，或第一方面的第三种可能的实现方式，在第四种可能的实现方式中，
所述设置单元，还用于当检测到所述天线端口数量和/或所述天线数量发生变化时，对所述用于正交变换的矩阵进行更新。
本发明第二方面提供了一种基站，包括：处理器、通信接口和存储器，其中，
所述通信接口，用于与用户设备进行通信；
所述存储器用于存储程序；
所述处理器用于执行所述程序，以实现
对下行信道的数据进行组包、编码调制和多天线处理形成天线端口的信号；
根据预设的用于正交变换的矩阵对所述天线端口的信号进行正交变换；
将所述正交变换后的天线端口的信号通过不同的天线同时发送给用户设备，所述不同的天线覆盖的小区具有相同的小区标识。
在第一种可能的实现方式中，所述处理器还用于：
根据天线数量和天线端口数量，设置所述用于正交变换的矩阵的行数和列数，以生成所述用于正交变换的矩阵，所述用于正交变换的矩阵中的每个元素的模值相等；
其中，所述用于正交变换的矩阵的行数为所述天线数量，且列数为所述天线端口数量。
结合第二方面的第一种可能的实现方式，在第二种可能的实现方式中，
当所述天线端口数量和所述天线数量相等时，所述用于正交变换的矩阵为正交矩阵；
当所述天线端口数量小于所述天线数量时，所述用于正交变换的矩阵至少包括一个可构成正交矩阵的子矩阵；
当所述天线端口数量大于所述天线数量时，所述用于正交变换的矩阵为一个正交矩阵中的子矩阵。
结合第二方面的第一种可能的实现方式，或第二方面的第二种可能的实现方式，在第三种可能的实现方式中，所述处理器具体用于：
为所述用于正交变换的矩阵中的各行元素与所述不同的天线设置对应关系，其中，所述对应关系是指所述各行元素与所述不同的天线为一一对应关系；
分别根据所述不同的天线分别对应的行元素对所述天线端口的信号进行线性叠加，以得到与所述不同的天线分别对应的线性叠加信号；
其中，所述线性叠加信号包括所述天线端口的信号的线性叠加信号。
结合第二方面的第一种可能的实现方式，或第二方面的第二种可能的实现方式，或第二方面的第三种可能的实现方式，在第四种可能的实现方式中，所述处理器还用于：
当检测到所述天线端口数量和/或所述天线数量发生变化时，对所述用于正交变换的矩阵进行更新。
本发明第三方面提供了一种信号处理的方法，包括：
基站对下行信道的数据进行组包、编码调制和多天线处理形成天线端口的信号；
所述基站根据预设的用于正交变换的矩阵对所述天线端口的信号进行正交变换；
所述基站将所述正交变换后的天线端口的信号通过不同的天线同时发送给用户设备，所述不同的天线覆盖的小区具有相同的小区标识。
在第一种可能的实现方式中，在所述基站根据预设的用于正交变换的矩阵对所述天线端口的信号进行正交变换的步骤之前，还包括：
所述基站根据天线数量和天线端口数量，设置所述用于正交变换的矩阵的行数和列数，以生成所述用于正交变换的矩阵，所述用于正交变换的矩阵中的每个元素的模值相等；
其中，所述用于正交变换的矩阵的行数为所述天线数量，且列数为所述天线端口数量。
结合第三方面的第一种可能的实现方式，在第二种可能的实现方式中，
当所述天线端口数量和所述天线数量相等时，所述用于正交变换的矩阵为正交矩阵；
当所述天线端口数量小于所述天线数量时，所述用于正交变换的矩阵至少包括一个可构成正交矩阵的子矩阵；
当所述天线端口数量大于所述天线数量时，所述用于正交变换的矩阵为一个正交矩阵中的子矩阵。
结合第三方面的第一种可能的实现方式，或第三方面的第二种可能的实现 方式，在第三种可能的实现方式中，所述基站根据预设的用于正交变换的矩阵对所述天线端口的信号进行正交变换，包括：
为所述用于正交变换的矩阵中的各行元素与所述不同的天线设置对应关系，其中，所述对应关系是指所述各行元素与所述不同的天线为一一对应关系；
分别根据所述不同的天线分别对应的行元素对所述天线端口的信号进行线性叠加，以得到与所述不同的天线分别对应的线性叠加信号；
其中，所述线性叠加信号包括所述天线端口的信号的线性叠加信号。
结合第三方面的第一种可能的实现方式，或第三方面的第二种可能的实现方式，或第三方面的第三种可能的实现方式，在第四种可能的实现方式中，还包括：
当检测到所述天线端口数量和/或所述天线数量发生变化时，所述基站对所述用于正交变换的矩阵进行更新。
由此可见，本发明实施例通过根据预设的用于正交变换的矩阵对天线端口的信号进行正交变换，并将所述正交变换后的天线端口的信号通过地理位置不同的天线同时发送给用户设备，使得用户设备接收到的各个天线端口的信道功率始终平衡，提升了下行传输效率。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明实施例提供的一种LTE系统的场景示意图；
图2是本发明实施例提供的一种信号处理的方法的流程示意图；
图3是本发明实施例提供的另一种信号处理的方法的流程示意图；
图3a是本发明实施例提供的一种信号处理的场景示意图；
图3b是本发明实施例提供的另一种信号处理的场景示意图；
图3c是本发明实施例提供的又一种信号处理的场景示意图；
图4是本发明实施例提供的一种基站的结构示意图；
图5是本发明实施例提供的另一种基站的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
请参见图1，是本发明实施例提供的一种LTE系统的场景示意图；
在图1中，演进基站(evovled NodeB，eNodeB)是长期演进(long term evalution，LTE)系统的接入设备，一个或多个eNodeB组成一个演进型通用陆地无线接入网(evolved universal terrestrial radio access network，E-UTRAN)。eNodeB通过Uu接口与用户设备(user equipment，UE)通信，通过X2接口与其他eNodeB通信，通过S1接口与演进型分组核心网(evolved packet core，EPC)通信。eNodeB通过天线接收UE发送的上行信号，完成上行信号的接收、解调、译码和组包等，并将上行接收的数据包发送给移动性管理实体/业务网关(Mobility Management Entity/Serving Gateway，MME/S-GW)。eNodeB对下行信道的数据进行组包、编码调制和多天线处理形成天线端口的信号，并将天线端口的信号通过天线发送给UE。
本发明实施例中所涉及到的天线端口的信号包括下行参考信号和下行物理信道，其中，下行参考信号可以包括小区参考信号(Cell-specific Reference Signal，CRS)、解调参考信号(De Modulation Reference Signal，DMRS)以及信道状态指示参考信号(Channel State Indication RS，CSI-RS)；下行物理信道可以包括物理下行共享信道(Physical Downlink Shared Channel，PDSCH)、物理下行控制信道(Physical Downlink Control Channel，PDCCH)，物理控制格式指示信道(physical control format indicator channel，PCFICH)，物理广播信 道(physical broadcast channel，PBCH)，物理混合自动重传请求指示信道(physical hybrid automatic repeat request indicator channel，PHICH)以及物理多播信道(physical multicast channel，PMCH)。
请参见图2，是本发明实施例提供的一种信号处理的方法的流程示意图，所述方法可以包括：
S101，基站对下行信道的数据进行组包、编码调制和多天线处理形成天线端口的信号；
具体的，当某个基站组中只有一个基站时，该基站对下行信道的数据进行组包、编码调制和多天线处理形成天线端口的信号，该基站所形成的天线端口的数量为该基站组中天线端口的总量。当某个基站组中包含至少两个基站时，每个基站可以先相互共享各自的下行信道的数据，使得每个基站均得到总的下行信道的数据，每个基站分别对所述总的下行信道的数据进行组包、编码调制和多天线处理形成天线端口的信号，每个基站所形成的天线端口的数量均为该基站组中天线端口的总量；或者，当某个基站组中包含至少两个基站时，每个基站先分别对各自的下行信道的数据进行组包、编码调制和多天线处理形成天线端口的信号，每个基站再相互共享各自所形成的天线端口，使得每个基站获得的天线端口数量均为该基站组中天线端口的总量。其中，基站组可以包括至少一个基站，基站组可以构成分布式天线系统(Distributed Antenna System，DAS)或者分布式组网场景，分布式组网场景可以包括宏宏组网、宏微组网、微微组网。
S102，所述基站根据预设的用于正交变换的矩阵对所述天线端口的信号进行正交变换；
具体的，在基站得到所在基站组中的所有天线端口的信号后，所述基站可以根据预设的用于正交变换的矩阵对所有天线端口的信号进行正交变换，其正交变换的具体过程可以为：用矩阵中每一行的元素分别与所有天线端口的信号进行线性叠加，每一行元素所对应的线性变换相互正交。例如，所述用于正交变换的矩阵包括两行元素，将第一行元素与所有天线端口的信号进行线性叠 加，将第二行元素与所有天线端口的信号进行线性叠加，两个线性叠加的过程称之为正交变换。无论基站组中的基站数量为一个或多个，每个基站都可以根据预设的用于正交变换的矩阵对所述天线端口的信号进行正交变换。
其中，由于天线端口的信号包括下行参考信号和下行物理信道，所以根据预设的用于正交变换的矩阵对所述天线端口的信号进行正交变换，也就是对各个天线端口的信号中的下行参考信号进行正交变换，同时也对各个天线端口的信号中的下行物理信道进行正交变换。
S103，所述基站将所述正交变换后的天线端口的信号通过不同的天线同时发送给用户设备，所述不同的天线覆盖的小区具有相同的小区标识；
具体的，当基站组中的基站数量为一个时，所述基站将所述正交变换后的天线端口的信号通过不同的天线同时发送给用户设备，即可使得用户设备接收到的各个天线端口的信道功率始终平衡，提升了下行传输效率。当基站组中的基站数量为大于一个时，所述基站可以将所述正交变换后的天线端口的信号通过本地基站的天线发送给用户设备，并控制所述基站组内的其他基站将所述正交变换后的天线端口的信号通过各自的天线同时发送给用户设备，使得用户设备接收到的各个天线端口的信道功率始终平衡，提升了下行传输效率。所述不同的天线覆盖的小区具有相同的小区标识，说明所述不同的天线均处于一个基站组中。由S102步骤可知通过所述用于正交变换的矩阵中的每行元素分别对所述天线端口的信号进行线性叠加，可以得到至少一个线性叠加信号，因此，所述正交变换后的天线端口的信号包括至少一个线性叠加信号。所述基站将所述正交变换后的天线端口的信号通过不同的天线同时发送给用户设备的具体过程为：所述基站将所述至少一个线性叠加信号分别通过对应的天线同时发送给用户设备。所述基站在将所述至少一个线性叠加信号分别传输到对应天线之前，还需执行：对所述至少一个线性叠加信号进行资源映射、OFDM(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing，正交频分复用)信号生成以及中射频变换处理，再将处理后的至少一个线性叠加信号输出到对应的天线上。其中，所述资源映射、OFDM信号生成以及中射频变换三种处理方式均为现有技术，这里 不再进行赘述。
本发明实施例通过根据预设的用于正交变换的矩阵对天线端口的信号进行正交变换，并将所述正交变换后的天线端口的信号通过不同的天线同时发送给用户设备，使得用户设备接收到的各个天线端口的信道功率始终平衡，提升了下行传输效率。
参见图3，是本发明实施例提供的另一种信号处理的方法的流程示意图，所述方法可以包括：
S201，基站对下行信道的数据进行组包、编码调制和多天线处理形成天线端口的信号；
步骤S201的具体实现方式可以参见上述图2对应实施例中的S101，这里不再进行赘述。
S202，所述基站根据天线数量和天线端口数量，设置所述用于正交变换的矩阵的行数和列数，以生成所述用于正交变换的矩阵，所述用于正交变换的矩阵的行数为所述天线数量，且列数为所述天线端口数量；
具体的，确定基站组中的基站数量，并分别获取基站组内的各个基站的天线数量和天线端口数量，以计算出基站组内的天线数量和天线端口数量。
将所述基站组内的天线数量设置为所述用于正交变换的矩阵的行数，并将所述基站组内的天线端口数量设置为所述用于正交变换的矩阵的列数，以生成所述用于正交变换的矩阵。其中，所述用于正交变换的矩阵中的每个元素的模值相等。
其中，当所述天线端口数量和所述天线数量相等时，所述用于正交变换的矩阵为正交矩阵，例如，所述用于正交变换的矩阵为：
[a00,a01,a02,a03
a10,a11,a12,a13
a20,a21,a22,a23
a30,a31,a32,a33]。
当所述天线端口数量小于所述天线数量时，所述用于正交变换的矩阵至少 包括一个可构成正交矩阵的子矩阵，例如，所述用于正交变换的矩阵为：
[a00,a01,a02,a03
a10,a11,a12,a13
a20,a21,a22,a23
a30,a31,a32,a33
...
an0,an1,an2,an3]，其中，所述用于正交变换的矩阵的第一行至第四行的元素可构成一个正交矩阵，第五行至第n行中每行的线性变换和前四行的线性变换可以一致或者不一致。
当所述天线端口数量大于所述天线数量时，所述用于正交变换的矩阵为一个正交矩阵中的子矩阵，例如，所述用于正交变换的矩阵为：
[a00,a01,a02,a03
a10,a11,a12,a13]，其中，所述用于正交变换的矩阵的两行元素为某个4x4的正交矩阵中的其中两行。
可选的，当检测到所述天线端口数量和/或所述天线数量发生变化时，还可以对所述用于正交变换的矩阵进行更新；例如，检测到天线数量增加时，可以增加已有的用于正交变换的矩阵的行数，使得新增的天线也可以根据新增的行元素发射对应的线性叠加信号。
S203，所述基站根据预设的用于正交变换的矩阵对所述天线端口的信号进行正交变换；
具体的，所述基站对所述天线端口的信号进行正交变换的具体过程为：先为所述用于正交变换的矩阵中的各行元素与所述不同的天线设置对应关系，再分别根据所述不同的天线分别对应的行元素对所述天线端口的信号进行线性叠加，以得到与所述不同的天线分别对应的线性叠加信号，其中，所述线性叠加信号包括所述天线端口的信号的线性叠加信号。
请一并参见图3a，图3a是本发明实施例提供的一种信号处理的场景示意图，图3a展示的是分布式4x2 MIMO组网场景，以两个基站为例进行描述， 其中基站A有两根天线ANT0和ANT1，基站B有两根天线ANT2和ANT3，两个基站的4根天线与UE的2根天线组成分布式4x2 MIMO，且ANT0和ANT1覆盖的小区与ANT2和ANT3覆盖的小区具有相同的小区标识。对于现有技术，图3a所示的基站A的天线端口port0和port1的信号分别通过天线ANT0和ANT1发给UE，基站B的天线端口port2和port3的信号分别通过天线ANT2和ANT3发给UE。而在本发明实施例中，图3a所示的基站A和基站B都将先根据用于正交变换的矩阵对天线端口port0-port3的信号进行正交变换，基站A再将正交变换后的天线端口port0-port3的信号分别通过天线ANT0和ANT1发给UE，基站B也将正交变换后的天线端口port0-port3的信号分别通过天线ANT2和ANT3发给UE。基站A和基站B对天线端口port0-port3的信号进行正交变换的过程如下：
若预设的用于正交变换的矩阵为正交矩阵A，
正交矩阵A＝[a00,a01,a02,a03
a10,a11,a12,a13
a20,a21,a22,a23
a30,a31,a32,a33]，
则对天线端口port0-port3的信号进行正交变换后，得到
线性叠加信号OUT0＝(a00*port0+a01*port1+a02*port2+a03*port3)，
线性叠加信号OUT1＝(a10*port0+a11*port1+a12*port2+a13*port3)，
线性叠加信号OUT2＝(a20*port0+a21*port1+a22*port2+a23*port3)，
线性叠加信号OUT3＝(a30*port0+a31*port1+a32*port2+a33*port3)。
S204，所述基站将所述正交变换后的天线端口的信号通过不同的天线同时发送给用户设备；
具体的，基站在得到所述正交变换后的天线端口的信号后，可以将所述正交变换后的天线端口的信号通过不同的天线同时发送给用户设备，即所述基站将至少一个线性叠加信号分别通过对应的天线同时发送给用户设备。以上述图3a中的4x2 MIMO组网场景为例，在基站A和基站B分别计算出线性叠加信 号OUT0-OUT3后，基站A将OUT0通过ANT0发送给UE，基站A还将OUT1通过ANT1发送给UE，基站B将OUT2通过ANT2发送给UE，基站B将OUT3通过ANT3发送给UE，使得UE的两根接收天线可以分别接收到四路线性叠加信号。
若两个基站分别对应的天线之间的传播路径的幅度不平衡值为p，其功率不平衡值为p的平方，UE采用的两根接收天线分别为接收天线a和接收天线b，UE通过接收天线a所接收到的接收信号为R0，通过接收天线b所接收到的接收信号为R1，则R0和R1可表示为：
R0＝[H00,H01,pH02,pH03]*[OUT0,OUT1,OUT2,OUT3]T
＝[H00,H01,pH02,pH03]*A*[port0,port1,port2,port3]T
＝(H00*a00+H01*a10+pH02*a20+pH03*a30)*port0+
(H00*a01+H01*a11+pH02*a21+pH03*a31)*port1+
(H00*a02+H01*a12+pH02*a22+pH03*a32)*port2+
(H00*a03+H01*a13+pH02*a23+pH03*a33)*port3
R1＝[H10,H11,pH12,pH13]*[OUT0,OUT1,OUT2,OUT3]T
＝[H10,H11,pH12,pH13]*A*[port0,port1,port2,port3]T
＝(H10*a00+H11*a10+pH12*a20+pH13*a30)*port0+
(H10*a01+H11*a11+pH12*a21+pH13*a31)*port1+
(H10*a02+H11*a12+pH12*a22+pH13*a32)*port2+
(H10*a03+H11*a13+pH12*a23+pH13*a33)*port3
其中，H00表示ANT0和接收天线a之间的物理信道，H10表示ANT0和接收天线b之间的物理信道，H01表示ANT1和接收天线a之间的物理信道，H11表示ANT1和接收天线b之间的物理信道，H02表示ANT2和接收天线a之间的物理信道，H12表示ANT2和接收天线b之间的物理信道，H03表示ANT3和接收天线a之间的物理信道，H13表示ANT3和接收天线b之间的物理信道。以接收信号R1中天线端口port0的信道功率为例进行推导，具体过程为：
R1中天线端口port0的信道功率：
E{|H10*a00+H11*a10+pH12*a20+pH13*a30|^2]＝E{|H10*a00|^2+|H11*a10|^2+|pH12*a20|^2+|pH13*a30|^2}＝W*|a00|^2+W*|a10|^2+p*p*W*|a20|^2+p*p*W*|a30|^2＝(2+2*p*p)*W；
其中，E{}表示数学期望运算，||^2表示复数模的平方。上述推导过程中，利用了物理信道(H10至H13)彼此相互独立，均值为0功率为W的假设，以及正交矩阵A中每个元素的模值等于1的条件。根据同样的推导过程可以知道R0中的天线端口(port0至port3)以及R1中的天线端口(port1至port3)的信道功率均为(2+2*p*p)*W。因此，经过正交矩阵A的正交变换后，四个天线端口的信道功率始终是平衡的，从而避免了功率不平衡导致的MIMO性能恶化。此外，由于正交变换不改变物理信道的相关性，从而不影响MIMO多流传输的效果。
同样的，在分布式MIMO或SFN(Single Frequency Network，单频网)组网场景中，通过对天线端口的信号进行正交变换，可以使不同收发能力的RRU(Remote Radio Unit，射频拉远单元)也可以共存，并不影响用户设备接收到的天线端口的信道功率的平衡。
同样的，在分布式MIMO或SFN组网场景中，通过对天线端口的信号进行正交变换，可以在一部分的天线发生故障时也不影响用户设备接收到的天线端口的信道功率的平衡，甚至故障物理天线的发射功率降为0，也不影响用户设备接收到的天线端口的信道功率的平衡，并且用户设备仍然可以完整接收到各天线端口的信号，从而可以调度多个数据流。
请一并参见图3b以及图3c，图3b是本发明实施例提供的另一种信号处理的场景示意图，图3c是本发明实施例提供的又一种信号处理的场景示意图；
本发明实施例所涉及到的基站组中的基站数量可以推广到2个以上，以图3b为例，图3b展示的是分布式4x2 MIMO组网场景，以3个基站为例进行描述，其中基站A有两根天线ANT0和ANT1，基站B有两根天线ANT2和ANT3，基站C有两根天线ANT4和ANT5，三个基站的6根天线与UE的2根天线组 成分布式4x2 MIMO，且ANT0和ANT1覆盖的小区与ANT2和ANT3覆盖的小区与ANT4和ANT5覆盖的小区均具有相同的小区标识。基站A、基站B以及基站C对天线端口port0-port3的信号进行正交变换的过程如下：
若预设的用于正交变换的矩阵为矩阵A，矩阵A中的前四行元素构成正交矩阵，最后两行的线性变换与前四行的线性变换一致，
矩阵A＝[a00,a01,a02,a03
a10,a11,a12,a13
a20,a21,a22,a23
a30,a31,a32,a33
a40,a41,a42,a43，
a50,a51,a52,a53]，
则对天线端口port0-port3的信号进行正交变换后，得到
线性叠加信号OUT0＝(a00*port0+a01*port1+a02*port2+a03*port3)，
线性叠加信号OUT1＝(a10*port0+a11*port1+a12*port2+a13*port3)，
线性叠加信号OUT2＝(a20*port0+a21*port1+a22*port2+a23*port3)，
线性叠加信号OUT3＝(a30*port0+a31*port1+a32*port2+a33*port3)，
线性叠加信号OUT4＝(a40*port0+a41*port1+a42*port2+a43*port3)，
线性叠加信号OUT5＝(a50*port0+a51*port1+a52*port2+a53*port3)，
得到线性叠加信号OUT0-OUT5后，基站A将OUT0通过ANT0发送给UE，基站A还将OUT1通过ANT1发送给UE，基站B将OUT2通过ANT2发送给UE，基站B将OUT3通过ANT3发送给UE，基站C将OUT4通过ANT4发送给UE，基站C将OUT5通过ANT5发送给UE，使得UE的两根接收天线可以分别接收到六路线性叠加信号。经过矩阵A的正交变换后，UE所接收到的四个天线端口的信道功率始终是平衡的，从而避免了功率不平衡导致的MIMO性能恶化，其中，UE对接收到的天线端口的信道功率的推导过程可以参见上述图3对应实施例中的S205步骤中所描述的UE对接收到的天线端口的信道功率的推导，这里不再进行赘述。此外，由于正交变换不改变物理信道 的相关性，从而不影响MIMO多流传输的效果。由此可见，基站组中的基站数量推广到2个以上时，仍然可以避免功率不平衡导致的下行性能损失，从而提升了下行传输效率。
进一步的，本发明实施例所涉及到的基站组中的各基站所对应的天线数量可以不相等，以图3c为例，图3c展示的是分布式4x2 MIMO组网场景，以2个基站为例进行描述，其中基站A有两根天线ANT0和ANT1，基站B有四根天线ANT2、ANT3、ANT4以及ANT5，两个基站的6根天线与UE的2根天线组成分布式4x2 MIMO，且ANT0和ANT1覆盖的小区与ANT2、ANT3、ANT4以及ANT5覆盖的小区具有相同的小区标识。基站A和基站B对天线端口port0-port3的信号进行正交变换的过程如下：
若预设的用于正交变换的矩阵为矩阵A，矩阵A中的前四行元素构成正交矩阵，最后两行的线性变换与前四行的线性变换一致，
矩阵A＝[a00,a01,a02,a03
a10,a11,a12,a13
a20,a21,a22,a23
a30,a31,a32,a33
a40,a41,a42,a43，
a50,a51,a52,a53]，
则对天线端口port0-port3的信号进行正交变换后，得到
线性叠加信号OUT0＝(a00*port0+a01*port1+a02*port2+a03*port3)，
线性叠加信号OUT1＝(a10*port0+a11*port1+a12*port2+a13*port3)，
线性叠加信号OUT2＝(a20*port0+a21*port1+a22*port2+a23*port3)，
线性叠加信号OUT3＝(a30*port0+a31*port1+a32*port2+a33*port3)，
线性叠加信号OUT4＝(a40*port0+a41*port1+a42*port2+a43*port3)，
线性叠加信号OUT5＝(a50*port0+a51*port1+a52*port2+a53*port3)，
得到线性叠加信号OUT0-OUT5后，基站A将OUT0通过ANT0发送给UE，基站A还将OUT1通过ANT1发送给UE，基站B将OUT2通过ANT2发送 给UE，基站B将OUT3通过ANT3发送给UE，基站B将OUT4通过ANT4发送给UE，基站B将OUT5通过ANT5发送给UE，使得UE的两根接收天线可以分别接收到六路线性叠加信号。经过矩阵A的正交变换后，UE所接收到的四个天线端口的信道功率始终是平衡的，从而避免了功率不平衡导致的MIMO性能恶化，其中，UE对接收到的天线端口的信道功率的推导过程可以参见上述图3对应实施例中的S205步骤中所描述的UE对接收到的天线端口的信道功率的推导，这里不再进行赘述。由此可见，基站组中的各基站所对应的天线数量不相等时，仍然可以避免功率不平衡导致的下行性能损失，从而提升了下行传输效率。
由此可见，本发明实施例通过根据预设的用于正交变换的矩阵对天线端口的信号进行正交变换，并将所述正交变换后的天线端口的信号通过地理位置不同的天线同时发送给用户设备，使得用户设备接收到的各个天线端口的信道功率始终平衡，提升了下行传输效率。
请参见图4，是本发明实施例提供的一种基站的结构示意图，所述基站1可以包括：处理单元10、发送单元20、设置单元30；
所述处理单元10，用于对下行信道的数据进行组包、编码调制和多天线处理形成天线端口的信号；
具体的，当某个基站组中只有一个基站1时，所述基站1的所述处理单元10可以对下行信道的数据进行组包、编码调制和多天线处理形成天线端口的信号，该基站所形成的天线端口的数量为该基站组中天线端口的总量。当某个基站组中包含至少两个基站时，基站1的处理单元10与该基站组中的其他基站的处理单元均可以先相互共享各自的下行信道的数据，使得每个基站均得到总的下行信道的数据，基站1的处理单元10与该基站组中的其他基站的处理单元再分别对所述总的下行信道的数据进行组包、编码调制和多天线处理形成天线端口的信号，每个基站所形成的天线端口的数量均为该基站组中天线端口的总量；或者，当某个基站组中包含至少两个基站时，基站1的处理单元10与该基站组中的其他基站的处理单元先分别对各自的下行信道的数据进行组 包、编码调制和多天线处理形成天线端口的信号，基站1的处理单元10与该基站组中的其他基站的处理单元再相互共享各自所形成的天线端口，使得每个基站获得的天线端口数量均为该基站组中天线端口的总量。其中，基站组可以包括至少一个基站，基站组可以构成分布式天线系统或者分布式组网场景，分布式组网场景可以包括宏宏组网、宏微组网、微微组网。
所述处理单元10，还用于根据预设的用于正交变换的矩阵对所述天线端口的信号进行正交变换；
具体的，在所述处理单元10得到所在基站组中的所有天线端口的信号后，所述处理单元10还可以根据预设的用于正交变换的矩阵对所有天线端口的信号进行正交变换，其正交变换的具体过程可以为：用矩阵中每一行的元素分别与所有天线端口的信号进行线性叠加，每一行元素所对应的线性变换相互正交。例如，所述用于正交变换的矩阵包括两行元素，所述处理单元10将第一行元素与所有天线端口的信号进行线性叠加，将第二行元素与所有天线端口的信号进行线性叠加，两个线性叠加的过程称之为正交变换。无论基站组中的基站数量为一个或多个，每个基站的处理单元都可以根据预设的用于正交变换的矩阵对所述天线端口的信号进行正交变换。
其中，所述处理单元10，具体用于为所述用于正交变换的矩阵中的各行元素与所述不同的天线设置对应关系，再分别根据所述不同的天线分别对应的行元素对所述天线端口的信号进行线性叠加，以得到与所述不同的天线分别对应的线性叠加信号；其中，所述对应关系是指所述各行元素与所述不同的天线为一一对应关系；其中，所述线性叠加信号包括所述天线端口的信号的线性叠加信号。
所述发送单元20，用于将所述正交变换后的天线端口的信号通过不同的天线同时发送给用户设备，所述不同的天线覆盖的小区具有相同的小区标识；
具体的，当基站组中的基站数量为一个时，所述基站1的发送单元20将所述正交变换后的天线端口的信号通过不同的天线同时发送给用户设备，即可使得用户设备接收到的各个天线端口的信道功率始终平衡，提升了下行传输效 率。当基站组中的基站数量为大于一个时，所述基站1的发送单元20可以将所述正交变换后的天线端口的信号通过本地基站的天线发送给用户设备，并控制所述基站组内的其他基站将所述正交变换后的天线端口的信号通过各自的天线同时发送给用户设备，使得用户设备接收到的各个天线端口的信道功率始终平衡，提升了下行传输效率。所述不同的天线覆盖的小区具有相同的小区标识，说明所述不同的天线均处于一个基站组中。由S102步骤可知通过所述用于正交变换的矩阵中的每行元素分别对所述天线端口的信号进行线性叠加，可以得到至少一个线性叠加信号，因此，所述正交变换后的天线端口的信号包括至少一个线性叠加信号。所述发送单元20将所述正交变换后的天线端口的信号通过不同的天线同时发送给用户设备的具体过程为：所述发送单元20将所述至少一个线性叠加信号分别通过对应的天线同时发送给用户设备。所述发送单元20在将所述至少一个线性叠加信号分别传输到对应天线之前，还需执行：对所述至少一个线性叠加信号进行资源映射、OFDM信号生成以及中射频变换处理，再将处理后的至少一个线性叠加信号输出到对应的天线上。其中，所述资源映射、OFDM信号生成以及中射频变换三种处理方式均为现有技术，这里不再进行赘述。
以上述图3a所展示的分布式4x2 MIMO组网场景为例，并以两个基站为例进行描述，其中基站A有两根天线ANT0和ANT1，基站B有两根天线ANT2和ANT3，两个基站的4根天线与UE的2根天线组成分布式4x2 MIMO，且ANT0和ANT1覆盖的小区与ANT2和ANT3覆盖的小区具有相同的小区标识。基站A的处理单元和基站B的处理单元对天线端口port0-port3的信号进行正交变换的过程如下：
若预设的用于正交变换的矩阵为正交矩阵A，
正交矩阵A＝[a00,a01,a02,a03
a10,a11,a12,a13
a20,a21,a22,a23
a30,a31,a32,a33]，
则两个基站的处理单元对天线端口port0-port3的信号进行正交变换后，均得到
线性叠加信号OUT0＝(a00*port0+a01*port1+a02*port2+a03*port3)，
线性叠加信号OUT1＝(a10*port0+a11*port1+a12*port2+a13*port3)，
线性叠加信号OUT2＝(a20*port0+a21*port1+a22*port2+a23*port3)，
线性叠加信号OUT3＝(a30*port0+a31*port1+a32*port2+a33*port3)；
基站A的发送单元将OUT0通过ANT0发送给UE，基站A的发送单元还将OUT1通过ANT1发送给UE，基站B的发送单元将OUT2通过ANT2发送给UE，基站B的发送单元将OUT3通过ANT3发送给UE，使得UE的两根接收天线可以分别接收到四路线性叠加信号，使得UE接收到的四个天线端口的信道功率始终是平衡的，从而避免了功率不平衡导致的MIMO性能恶化。此外，由于正交变换不改变物理信道的相关性，从而不影响MIMO多流传输的效果。
所述设置单元30，用于根据天线数量和天线端口数量，设置所述用于正交变换的矩阵的行数和列数，以生成所述用于正交变换的矩阵，所述用于正交变换的矩阵中的每个元素的模值相等；
具体的，所述用于正交变换的矩阵的行数为所述天线数量，且列数为所述天线端口数量。所述设置单元30是在所述处理单元10对所述天线端口的信号进行正交变换之前执行的，所述设置单元30确定基站组中的基站数量，并分别获取基站组内的各个基站的天线数量和天线端口数量，以计算出基站组内的天线数量和天线端口数量。
所述设置单元30将所述基站组内的天线数量设置为所述用于正交变换的矩阵的行数，并将所述基站组内的天线端口数量设置为所述用于正交变换的矩阵的列数，以生成所述用于正交变换的矩阵。其中，所述用于正交变换的矩阵中的每个元素的模值相等。
其中，当所述天线端口数量和所述天线数量相等时，所述用于正交变换的矩阵为正交矩阵，例如，所述用于正交变换的矩阵为：
[a00,a01,a02,a03
a10,a11,a12,a13
a20,a21,a22,a23
a30,a31,a32,a33]。
当所述天线端口数量小于所述天线数量时，所述用于正交变换的矩阵至少包括一个可构成正交矩阵的子矩阵，例如，所述用于正交变换的矩阵为：
[a00,a01,a02,a03
a10,a11,a12,a13
a20,a21,a22,a23
a30,a31,a32,a33
...
an0,an1,an2,an3]，其中，所述用于正交变换的矩阵的第一行至第四行的元素可构成一个正交矩阵，第五行至第n行中每行的线性变换和前四行的线性变换可以一致或者不一致。
当所述天线端口数量大于所述天线数量时，所述用于正交变换的矩阵为一个正交矩阵中的子矩阵，例如，所述用于正交变换的矩阵为：
[a00,a01,a02,a03
a10,a11,a12,a13]，其中，所述用于正交变换的矩阵的两行元素为某个4x4的正交矩阵中的其中两行。
可选的，当检测到所述天线端口数量和/或所述天线数量发生变化时，所述设置单元30还可以对所述用于正交变换的矩阵进行更新；例如，检测到天线数量增加时，所述设置单元30可以增加已有的用于正交变换的矩阵的行数，使得新增的天线也可以根据新增的行元素发射对应的线性叠加信号。
由此可见，本发明实施例通过根据预设的用于正交变换的矩阵对天线端口的信号进行正交变换，并将所述正交变换后的天线端口的信号通过地理位置不同的天线同时发送给用户设备，使得用户设备接收到的各个天线端口的信道功率始终平衡，提升了下行传输效率。
本发明实施例还提供了一种计算机存储介质，其中，所述计算机存储介质 可存储有程序，该程序执行时包括上述图1至图3c的方法实施例中记载的信号处理的方法的部分或全部步骤。
请参见图5，为本发明实施例提供的另一种基站的结构示意图，所述基站1000可以包括处理器1001、通信接口1002和存储器1003(基站1000中的处理器1001的数量可以为一个或多个，图5中以一个处理器1001为例)。本发明的一些实施例中，处理器1001、通信接口1002和存储器1003可通过通信总线或其他方式连接，其中，图5以通过通信总线连接为例。
其中，所述通信接口1002，用于与用户设备进行通信；
所述存储器1003用于存储程序；
所述处理器1001用于执行所述程序，以实现
对下行信道的数据进行组包、编码调制和多天线处理形成天线端口的信号；
根据预设的用于正交变换的矩阵对所述天线端口的信号进行正交变换；
将所述正交变换后的天线端口的信号通过不同的天线同时发送给用户设备，所述不同的天线覆盖的小区具有相同的小区标识。
其中，所述处理器1001还用于：
根据天线数量和天线端口数量，设置所述用于正交变换的矩阵的行数和列数，以生成所述用于正交变换的矩阵，所述用于正交变换的矩阵中的每个元素的模值相等；
其中，所述用于正交变换的矩阵的行数为所述天线数量，且列数为所述天线端口数量。
其中，当所述天线端口数量和所述天线数量相等时，所述用于正交变换的矩阵为正交矩阵；
当所述天线端口数量小于所述天线数量时，所述用于正交变换的矩阵至少包括一个可构成正交矩阵的子矩阵；
当所述天线端口数量大于所述天线数量时，所述用于正交变换的矩阵为一个正交矩阵中的子矩阵。
其中，所述处理器1001具体用于：
为所述用于正交变换的矩阵中的各行元素与所述不同的天线设置对应关系，其中，所述对应关系是指所述各行元素与所述不同的天线为一一对应关系；
分别根据所述不同的天线分别对应的行元素对所述天线端口的信号进行线性叠加，以得到与所述不同的天线分别对应的线性叠加信号；
其中，所述线性叠加信号包括所述天线端口的信号的线性叠加信号。
其中，所述处理器1001还用于：
当检测到所述天线端口数量和/或所述天线数量发生变化时，对所述用于正交变换的矩阵进行更新。
由此可见，本发明实施例通过根据预设的用于正交变换的矩阵对天线端口的信号进行正交变换，并将所述正交变换后的天线端口的信号通过地理位置不同的天线同时发送给用户设备，使得用户设备接收到的各个天线端口的信道功率始终平衡，提升了下行传输效率。
以上所揭露的仅为本发明较佳实施例而已，当然不能以此来限定本发明之权利范围，因此依本发明权利要求所作的等同变化，仍属本发明所涵盖的范围。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种基站，其特征在于，包括：
    处理单元，用于对下行信道的数据进行组包、编码调制和多天线处理形成天线端口的信号；
    所述处理单元，还用于根据预设的用于正交变换的矩阵对所述天线端口的信号进行正交变换；
    发送单元，用于将所述正交变换后的天线端口的信号通过不同的天线同时发送给用户设备，所述不同的天线覆盖的小区具有相同的小区标识。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的基站，其特征在于，还包括：
    设置单元，用于根据天线数量和天线端口数量，设置所述用于正交变换的矩阵的行数和列数，以生成所述用于正交变换的矩阵，所述用于正交变换的矩阵中的每个元素的模值相等；
    其中，所述用于正交变换的矩阵的行数为所述天线数量，且列数为所述天线端口数量。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的基站，其特征在于，
    当所述天线端口数量和所述天线数量相等时，所述用于正交变换的矩阵为正交矩阵；
    当所述天线端口数量小于所述天线数量时，所述用于正交变换的矩阵至少包括一个可构成正交矩阵的子矩阵；
    当所述天线端口数量大于所述天线数量时，所述用于正交变换的矩阵为一个正交矩阵中的子矩阵。
  4. 如权利要求2或3所述的基站，其特征在于，
    所述处理单元，具体用于为所述用于正交变换的矩阵中的各行元素与所述 不同的天线设置对应关系，再分别根据所述不同的天线分别对应的行元素对所述天线端口的信号进行线性叠加，以得到与所述不同的天线分别对应的线性叠加信号；
    其中，所述对应关系是指所述各行元素与所述不同的天线为一一对应关系；
    其中，所述线性叠加信号包括所述天线端口的信号的线性叠加信号。
  5. 如权利要求2至4任一项所述的基站，其特征在于，
    所述设置单元，还用于当检测到所述天线端口数量和/或所述天线数量发生变化时，对所述用于正交变换的矩阵进行更新。
  6. 一种基站，其特征在于，包括：处理器、通信接口和存储器，其中，
    所述通信接口，用于与用户设备进行通信；
    所述存储器用于存储程序；
    所述处理器用于执行所述程序，以实现
    对下行信道的数据进行组包、编码调制和多天线处理形成天线端口的信号；
    根据预设的用于正交变换的矩阵对所述天线端口的信号进行正交变换；
    将所述正交变换后的天线端口的信号通过不同的天线同时发送给用户设备，所述不同的天线覆盖的小区具有相同的小区标识。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的基站，其特征在于，所述处理器还用于：
    根据天线数量和天线端口数量，设置所述用于正交变换的矩阵的行数和列数，以生成所述用于正交变换的矩阵，所述用于正交变换的矩阵中的每个元素的模值相等；
    其中，所述用于正交变换的矩阵的行数为所述天线数量，且列数为所述天线端口数量。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的基站，其特征在于，
    当所述天线端口数量和所述天线数量相等时，所述用于正交变换的矩阵为正交矩阵；
    当所述天线端口数量小于所述天线数量时，所述用于正交变换的矩阵至少包括一个可构成正交矩阵的子矩阵；
    当所述天线端口数量大于所述天线数量时，所述用于正交变换的矩阵为一个正交矩阵中的子矩阵。
  9. 如权利要求7或8所述的基站，其特征在于，所述处理器具体用于：
    为所述用于正交变换的矩阵中的各行元素与所述不同的天线设置对应关系，其中，所述对应关系是指所述各行元素与所述不同的天线为一一对应关系；
    分别根据所述不同的天线分别对应的行元素对所述天线端口的信号进行线性叠加，以得到与所述不同的天线分别对应的线性叠加信号；
    其中，所述线性叠加信号包括所述天线端口的信号的线性叠加信号。
  10. 如权利要求7至9任一项所述的基站，其特征在于，所述处理器还用于：
    当检测到所述天线端口数量和/或所述天线数量发生变化时，对所述用于正交变换的矩阵进行更新。
  11. 一种信号处理的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    基站对下行信道的数据进行组包、编码调制和多天线处理形成天线端口的信号；
    所述基站根据预设的用于正交变换的矩阵对所述天线端口的信号进行正交变换；
    所述基站将所述正交变换后的天线端口的信号通过不同的天线同时发送给用户设备，所述不同的天线覆盖的小区具有相同的小区标识。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述基站根据预设的用于正交变换的矩阵对所述天线端口的信号进行正交变换的步骤之前，还包括：
    所述基站根据天线数量和天线端口数量，设置所述用于正交变换的矩阵的行数和列数，以生成所述用于正交变换的矩阵，所述用于正交变换的矩阵中的每个元素的模值相等；
    其中，所述用于正交变换的矩阵的行数为所述天线数量，且列数为所述天线端口数量。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，
    当所述天线端口数量和所述天线数量相等时，所述用于正交变换的矩阵为正交矩阵；
    当所述天线端口数量小于所述天线数量时，所述用于正交变换的矩阵至少包括一个可构成正交矩阵的子矩阵；
    当所述天线端口数量大于所述天线数量时，所述用于正交变换的矩阵为一个正交矩阵中的子矩阵。
  14. 如权利要求12或13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基站根据预设的用于正交变换的矩阵对所述天线端口的信号进行正交变换，包括：
    为所述用于正交变换的矩阵中的各行元素与所述不同的天线设置对应关系，其中，所述对应关系是指所述各行元素与所述不同的天线为一一对应关系；
    分别根据所述不同的天线分别对应的行元素对所述天线端口的信号进行线性叠加，以得到与所述不同的天线分别对应的线性叠加信号；
    其中，所述线性叠加信号包括所述天线端口的信号的线性叠加信号。
  15. 如权利要求12至14任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    当检测到所述天线端口数量和/或所述天线数量发生变化时，所述基站对所述用于正交变换的矩阵进行更新。
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