WO2016062213A1 - 用于无线通信的基站侧和用户侧的装置与方法 - Google Patents

用于无线通信的基站侧和用户侧的装置与方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016062213A1
WO2016062213A1 PCT/CN2015/091841 CN2015091841W WO2016062213A1 WO 2016062213 A1 WO2016062213 A1 WO 2016062213A1 CN 2015091841 W CN2015091841 W CN 2015091841W WO 2016062213 A1 WO2016062213 A1 WO 2016062213A1
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Prior art keywords
unlicensed
frequency band
communication system
band
base station
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PCT/CN2015/091841
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
崔琪楣
许晓东
刘佳慧
陈宁宇
周翔
孙玉
Original Assignee
索尼公司
崔琪楣
许晓东
刘佳慧
陈宁宇
周翔
孙玉
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Application filed by 索尼公司, 崔琪楣, 许晓东, 刘佳慧, 陈宁宇, 周翔, 孙玉 filed Critical 索尼公司
Priority to KR1020177007883A priority Critical patent/KR20170070015A/ko
Priority to EP20164622.1A priority patent/EP3720168A1/en
Priority to US15/518,687 priority patent/US10299137B2/en
Priority to EP15853587.2A priority patent/EP3190819A4/en
Publication of WO2016062213A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016062213A1/zh
Priority to US16/379,814 priority patent/US10798586B2/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/14—Spectrum sharing arrangements between different networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
    • H04W72/21—Control channels or signalling for resource management in the uplink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards the network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access, e.g. scheduled or random access
    • H04W74/002—Transmission of channel access control information
    • H04W74/004—Transmission of channel access control information in the uplink, i.e. towards network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access, e.g. scheduled or random access
    • H04W74/002—Transmission of channel access control information
    • H04W74/008—Transmission of channel access control information with additional processing of random access related information at receiving side
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access, e.g. scheduled or random access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled or contention based access, e.g. random access, ALOHA, CSMA [Carrier Sense Multiple Access]
    • H04W74/0808—Non-scheduled or contention based access, e.g. random access, ALOHA, CSMA [Carrier Sense Multiple Access] using carrier sensing, e.g. as in CSMA
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention generally relate to the field of wireless communications, and in particular, to a base station side apparatus and method for wireless communication, and a user side apparatus and method for wireless communication, and more particularly, embodiments of the present invention relate to A technique in which a plurality of communication systems collectively occupy an unlicensed frequency band by using user terminal assistance.
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • UTMS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
  • the LTE system introduces key transmission technologies such as OFDM and multi-antenna MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output), which significantly increases spectrum efficiency and data transmission rate, and supports multiple bandwidth allocations.
  • OFDM Orthogonal Mobile Telecommunications System
  • MIMO Multiple Input Multiple Output
  • the LTE wireless network structure is flatter, which reduces system delay and reduces network construction costs and maintenance costs.
  • LTE was originally designed to be used only in licensed bands, and each operator occupies a different licensed band.
  • LTE networks have developed rapidly.
  • operators have turned their attention to unlicensed frequency bands.
  • the full use of unlicensed frequency bands allows operators and equipment vendors to maximize the use of existing LTE hardware resources. Therefore, there is a need to develop a sharing technique to enable multiple unlicensed communication systems to simultaneously communicate using unlicensed frequency bands, thereby increasing the frequency utilization efficiency of unlicensed frequency bands.
  • a device on a base station side for wireless communication includes: a sending unit configured to send an instruction for unlicensed frequency band detection to a user equipment served by a cell where the device is located; and a receiving unit configured to receive, from the user equipment, a signal indicating an occupation status of the unlicensed frequency band; and determining And a unit configured to determine whether to use an unlicensed band for communication based on a signal received by the receiving unit, wherein the occupancy status of the unlicensed band includes occupancy/idle and occupancy system type, and the occupied system type includes an unauthorized communication system and an authorized communication system.
  • a method for a base station side for wireless communication comprising: transmitting an instruction for unlicensed frequency band detection to a user equipment; and receiving, from a user equipment, a signal indicating an occupation status of an unlicensed frequency band; And determining whether to use the unlicensed band for communication based on the received signal, wherein the occupancy status of the unlicensed band includes occupancy/idle and occupancy system type, and the occupied system type includes an unauthorized communication system and an authorized communication system.
  • a user side apparatus for wireless communication comprising: a receiving unit configured to receive an instruction regarding unlicensed frequency band detection from a base station serving the apparatus; and a detecting unit, And the sending unit is configured to send an unlicensed band status indication signal to the base station according to the occupancy status detected by the detecting unit, wherein the occupied status of the unlicensed band includes an occupied/idle and occupied system Types, occupied system types include unauthorized communication systems and authorized communication systems.
  • a method for a user side of wireless communication comprising: receiving an instruction for unlicensed frequency band detection from a base station; detecting an occupation status of an unlicensed frequency band; and detecting the occupied condition according to the detected An unlicensed band status indication signal is sent to the base station, wherein the occupancy status of the unlicensed band includes occupancy/idle and the occupied system type, and the occupied system type includes an unauthorized communication system and an authorized communication system.
  • the apparatus and method on the base station side for wireless communication and the apparatus and method on the user side according to the present application realize information exchange between different communication systems by using a user equipment assisted manner, even if these communication systems belong to different Cooperative transmission is also possible when the operator is operating.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the structure of an apparatus for a base station side for wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing two communication systems
  • UDS unlicensed band detection signal
  • UAS unlicensed band request access signal
  • FIG. 5 is a structural block diagram showing an apparatus for a base station side for wireless communication according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • UCT unlicensed band cooperative transmission mode
  • FIG. 7 is a structural block diagram showing an apparatus for a base station side for wireless communication according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a distribution of a base station and user equipment in a cell
  • FIG. 9 is a structural block diagram showing an apparatus for a user side for wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a limited example of an unlicensed band status indication signal (USIS);
  • USIS unlicensed band status indication signal
  • FIG. 11 is a structural block diagram showing an apparatus for a user side for wireless communication according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a flowchart illustrating a method of a base station side for wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a flowchart illustrating a method for a base station side for wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing a method for a user side of wireless communication in accordance with one embodiment of the present application.
  • 15 is a schematic diagram showing a signaling flow of an example of a system
  • 16 is a block diagram of an exemplary structure of a general purpose personal computer in which methods and/or apparatus and/or systems in accordance with embodiments of the present invention may be implemented.
  • FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a device 100 for a base station side for wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present application, the device 100 comprising: a transmitting unit 101 configured to serve a user of a cell in which the device 100 is located The device transmits an instruction regarding unlicensed band detection; the receiving unit 102 is configured to receive a signal indicating an occupation status of the unlicensed band from the user equipment; and the determining unit 103 is configured to determine whether to use the not based on the signal received by the receiving unit 102
  • the licensed frequency band is in communication, wherein the occupation status of the unlicensed frequency band includes occupancy/idle and occupation system type, and the occupied system type includes an unauthorized communication system and an authorized communication system.
  • the communication system (also referred to as the target communication system) corresponding to the device 100 may not only use the licensed frequency band for communication, but also may use the unlicensed frequency band for communication in the case where the communication load is large.
  • the unlicensed band described herein is for the target communication system, and the unlicensed band itself may have been assigned to another authorized communication system. In this case, the target communication system generally needs to occupy the unlicensed band without affecting the normal communication of the authorized communication system.
  • the authorized communication system described herein may be, for example, a Wi-Fi communication system, and the target communication system
  • the system may be an LTE communication system or other communication system
  • the unlicensed frequency band is a Wi-Fi frequency band for the target communication system.
  • the unlicensed frequency band may also be a legal communication resource of other communication systems such as a broadcast television frequency band or a radar frequency band.
  • the target communication system in the present invention is designed as an LTE communication system.
  • Apparatus 100 can be implemented as any type of evolved Node B (eNB), such as a macro eNB and a small eNB.
  • eNB evolved Node B
  • the small eNB may be an eNB covering a cell smaller than the macro cell, such as a pico eNB, a micro eNB, and a home (femto) eNB.
  • apparatus 100 can be implemented as any other type of base station, such as a NodeB and a base transceiver station (BTS).
  • Apparatus 100 can include: a body (also referred to as a base station device) configured to control wireless communication; and one or more remote wireless headends (RRHs) disposed at a different location than the body.
  • RRHs remote wireless headends
  • various types of terminals which will be described below, can operate as the device 100 by performing base station functions temporarily or semi-persistently.
  • the apparatus 100 determines whether an unlicensed band is available to the communication system based on an occupancy status signal of an unlicensed band received from the user equipment, and if available, configures the carrier on the unlicensed band as the device 100.
  • One of the component carriers of the served user equipment enables the carrier on the unlicensed band to provide a transmission service for the user equipment in a carrier aggregation manner together with the component carriers on the licensed frequency band.
  • device 100 configures only carriers on unlicensed bands to provide data plane services, such as configuration as a secondary carrier and not as a primary carrier.
  • device 100 When device 100 attempts to use or between user equipment served by device 100 (e.g., D2D communication) desires to communicate using an unlicensed frequency band, device 100, which assumes transmission resource allocation, will control its user equipment to assist in detecting unlicensed frequency bands. Specifically, the sending unit 101 sends signaling about the unlicensed frequency band detection to the user equipment in the cell range of the device 100, and the signaling may, for example, indicate that the user equipment performs or does not perform unlicensed frequency band detection, and whether the user equipment performs unauthorized The determination of the band detection can be made by the device 100 in a variety of ways. For example, the device 100 may be configured not to turn on an unlicensed band, and in this case, send an instruction not to perform unlicensed band detection, or not to transmit an instruction regarding detection.
  • the device 100 may be configured not to turn on an unlicensed band, and in this case, send an instruction not to perform unlicensed band detection, or not to transmit an instruction regarding detection.
  • the determining unit 103 is further configured to determine interference of the unlicensed band before the transmitting unit 101 transmits the above instruction, and the transmitting unit 101 is configured to notify the user when the determining unit 103 determines that the interference is below a predetermined threshold
  • the device sends an instruction to perform an unlicensed band detection.
  • the determination of the interference on the unlicensed frequency band may be first performed by the base station side. Based on the preliminary detection by the base station side, the base station side determines whether the user equipment is required to assist the detection based on the interference condition.
  • the base station side determines that the interference is higher than a predetermined threshold, it is determined that the corresponding unlicensed frequency band is not suitable for being used, and the user equipment does not need to perform further detection, otherwise, an instruction to perform unauthorized frequency band detection is sent.
  • the base station side device 100 The interference is judged from the authorized or unlicensed communication system. In the case of interference from the authorized communication system, the transmitting unit 101 does not transmit an instruction for the unlicensed band detection to the user equipment or transmits an instruction to the user equipment not to perform the unlicensed band detection.
  • Unauthorized frequency band detection by user equipment can avoid the problem of hiding the base station as much as possible.
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows two communication systems (such as two LTE cells), wherein the communication system corresponding to the base station B is already using an unlicensed frequency band, and the base station A attempts to access the unlicensed frequency band.
  • the base station A since the user of the base station B (represented by the user 1 in FIG. 2) is distributed on the right side far from the base station A, the base station A does not detect the base station B and the user 1 when detecting interference on the unlicensed frequency band. It is determined that the interference is below a predetermined threshold between communications on the unlicensed band.
  • base station B is a hidden base station for base station A.
  • the determining unit 103 determines that the interference is higher than a predetermined threshold, it is determined that the interference is from an unauthorized communication system or an authorized communication system, in a case where the determining unit 103 determines that the interference higher than the threshold is from the unauthorized communication system. Then, the transmission resource that requires sharing of the unlicensed frequency band is determined, for example, according to a coexistence protocol with other unlicensed communication systems.
  • the transmitting unit 101 broadcasts an access request signal on the unlicensed frequency band so that the communication system currently occupying the unlicensed frequency band knows and shares or evades the time division/frequency division according to a predetermined coexistence protocol.
  • the determining unit 103 determines that the interference above the threshold is from the authorized communication system, it is decided not to utilize the corresponding unlicensed band.
  • the device 100 when the determining unit 103 determines that the interference is from the Wi-Fi system, the device 100 discards the use of the unlicensed band; and when the determining unit 103 determines that the interference is from another LTE system, the device 100 attempts to communicate with the device by broadcasting an access request signal.
  • the LTE system uses the unlicensed frequency band in common, and the format and related processing of the broadcast access request signal will be specifically described later.
  • the receiving unit 102 receives, from the user equipment, a signal of the occupancy status of the unlicensed frequency band detected by the user equipment, the signal indicating whether the unlicensed frequency band is occupied and occupies the unlicensed frequency band.
  • the type of communication system that is, whether the communication system is an authorized communication system or other unauthorized communication system, such as a Wi-Fi system or other LTE system.
  • the determining unit 103 determines whether to use the unlicensed band for communication based on the signal.
  • the user equipment can detect surrounding interference conditions, for example, if the interference is below the threshold TH, then The user equipment determines that the frequency band is unoccupied.
  • the user detects that the interference is above the threshold TH, it is further necessary to determine whether the interference originates from the authorized communication system or other unauthorized communication system.
  • the communication system that may use the Wi-Fi band is an LTE system and a Wi-Fi system, for example, it is possible to distinguish between Wi-Fi signals and other LTE by detecting whether there is a signal unique to the LTE system such as PSS/SSS in the frequency band. signal.
  • the determining unit 103 is configured to determine, in a cooperative manner, to use the unlicensed band with the unlicensed communication system in a cooperative manner based on the signal received by the receiving unit 102 determining that the unlicensed band is occupied by the unlicensed communication system, And the transmitting unit 101 is configured to broadcast the request access signal on the unlicensed frequency band, and/or the determining unit 103 is configured to, in the case of determining, based on the signal received by the receiving unit 102, that the unlicensed band is occupied by the authorized communication system, Make sure that the unlicensed band is not used.
  • the determining unit 103 may be configured to use the unlicensed band only in cooperation with the same type of communication system, and to discard the uninterrupted band of high interference for cooperation of different types of communication systems.
  • a priority level using an unlicensed frequency band may be set for each communication system, and the determining unit 103 may compare the communication system with a communication system that is occupying an unlicensed frequency band.
  • Priority level to determine whether to collaborate or to give up. For example, in the broadcast TV band, both the Wi-Fi system and the LTE system are unlicensed systems, and in the case where both of them may utilize the broadcast television band, a high priority level can be set for the Wi-Fi communication system and a low setting for the LTE system.
  • Priority level when it is detected that the priority of the communication system occupying the unlicensed band is high, the target communication system abandons the use of the unlicensed band, otherwise it determines to cooperate.
  • the determining unit 103 is configured to determine to communicate using the unlicensed band if the unlicensed band is idle, and the transmitting unit 101 is further configured to transmit the discovery reference signal DRS after the determining unit 103 determines to communicate using the unlicensed band (Discovery Reference Signal) and an instruction to start to detect a discovery reference signal DRS of an unlicensed band of the cell to the corresponding user equipment, where the DRS is used for coarse synchronization by the user equipment, and the sending unit 101 is further configured to periodically in the unlicensed frequency band Send the DRS on it.
  • the discovery reference signal DRS Discovery Reference Signal
  • the foregoing instruction sent by the sending unit 101 may be sent by high layer signaling in the licensed frequency band, for example, RRC (Radio Resource Management) signaling, that is, sent to a specific user, thereby selectively Specific user equipment is required for probing.
  • RRC Radio Resource Management
  • the above instructions can also be issued in a quick manner by transmitting in the physical layer of the licensed band, such as SIB (System Information Block), ie in the form of a broadcast.
  • SIB System Information Block
  • the sending unit 101 can also transmit the above instructions by using other suitable signaling or forms.
  • a signaling structure of an instruction transmitted by the transmitting unit 101 regarding unlicensed band detection is given below with reference to FIG.
  • the instruction for unlicensed band detection is represented by Unlicensed Band Detection Signal (UBDS), which occupies 2 bits.
  • UBDS Unlicensed Band Detection Signal
  • the UBDS is "00”
  • the user is instructed not to detect the unlicensed band.
  • the UBDS is "01”
  • the user is instructed to perform the detection of the unlicensed band
  • the UBDS is "10”
  • the determining unit 103 has determined that the band is not used.
  • the licensed frequency band performs communication, and before the data transmission, the DRS is first sent in the unlicensed frequency band to facilitate the coarse synchronization of the user of the base station, and the sending unit 101 sends the UBDS "10" to the user to indicate that the user can start detecting the DRS of the unlicensed frequency band.
  • signaling structure is merely an example, and is not limited thereto, but may be in any other suitable manner.
  • the transmitting unit 101 broadcasts an Unlicensed-Band Request of Access Signal (URAS) on the unlicensed band.
  • UAS Unlicensed-Band Request of Access Signal
  • the base station and user equipment of the unlicensed communication system that has been accessed can obtain the signal by periodically detecting, thereby knowing that other unlicensed communication systems request to use the unlicensed frequency band.
  • the request access signal may include one MBSFN subframe and a DRS signal.
  • 4 shows a schematic structural example of requesting an access signal, wherein a combination of an MBSFN subframe and a DRS signal is used to distinguish from other broadcast signals, and a DRS can be used to distinguish different unlicensed communication systems (eg, different LTE cell).
  • the PSS/SSS in the DRS shown in FIG. 4 contains identification information of the corresponding cell, and the information also includes information of the operator of the cell.
  • LTE-A related standard formulated by the 3GPP organization, and the present invention will not be described again. It should be understood that the configuration of the request access signal is not limited to the example shown in FIG. 4, but various modifications are possible.
  • the request access signal may be weak such that the base station and the user of the already connected communication system are unable to detect and do not perform the corresponding collaboration.
  • the device 100 still obtains the detection result of the high interference on the unlicensed band after issuing the request access signal, and the sending unit 101 is configured to increase the power of the request access signal within a certain range so that it is occupied. Other communication systems in the licensed band are detected.
  • the predetermined cooperation protocol between the unlicensed communication systems may be as follows: for example, assume that the period of the cooperative transmission is T, that is, the plurality of unauthorized communication systems sequentially occupy the unauthorized within each period T
  • the frequency band carries out data transmission. If the accessed unauthorized communication system does not change the transmission mode within one period T, the transmitting unit 101 of the communication system to be accessed gradually increases the power of the request access signal in the range C. When the power of the request access signal reaches the upper limit of the range and it is not detected by the other communication system, the transmitting unit 101 stops transmitting the request access signal, and the determining unit 103 determines not to use the unlicensed band.
  • the receiving unit 102 is further configured to receive a request access signal of another communication system or receive a request from the user equipment indicating that it receives a request from another communication system.
  • the signal of the access signal is further configured to receive a request access signal of another communication system or receive a request from the user equipment indicating that it receives a request from another communication system.
  • the device 100 can not only know the occupation status of the unlicensed frequency band more accurately, but also realize the information interaction between the communication systems of different operators, thereby achieving the cooperation on the unlicensed frequency band.
  • the apparatus 200 includes, in addition to the various components described with reference to FIG. 5.
  • the adjusting unit 201 is configured to adjust the cell where the device 200 is located when the receiving unit 102 receives the request access signal of the other communication system or receives a signal indicating that it receives the request access signal from the other communication system from the user equipment.
  • the transmission mode on the unlicensed band is such that the cell in which the device 200 is located and the other communication system requesting access cooperate to transmit data alternately on the unlicensed band.
  • the gray padding area indicates the DRS of the cell 1.
  • the transmission time portion, the oblique line area indicates the time portion of the cell 1 transmission data, the dotted line padding area indicates the DRS transmission time portion of the cell 2, the vertical line area indicates the time portion of the cell 2 transmission data, and the blank area indicates the time portion where the data transmission is not performed. .
  • cell 1 is the initially accessed cell, that is, the occupancy of the unlicensed band when it is accessed is idle.
  • the transmitting unit 103 of the apparatus 200 on the base station side of the cell 1 periodically transmits the DRS on the unlicensed band, and transmits the UBDS 10 to the user equipment to instruct it to start detecting the DRS of the unlicensed band.
  • the transmission mode is UCT 1, that is, small. Zone 1 occupies the entire frequency band to transmit data.
  • the adjusting unit 201 adjusts the transmission mode of the cell 1 so that The resource is vacated for the cell 2 to be accessed.
  • the transmission mode may include a period of the cooperative alternate transmission data set and a period in which the cell in which the device is located is used to transmit data.
  • the cell in which the device 200 is located and other communication systems requesting access may occupy various intervals in the cycle in accordance with the order of access.
  • cell 1 is automatically adjusted to UCT 2,1 transmission mode, while cell 2 is transmitted in mode UCT 2,2. That is, it is assumed that the period of the UCT (Unlicensed Band Cooperative Transmission) is T, the cell 1 occupies the time of the previous T/2, and the cell 2 occupies the time of T/2.
  • T may be, for example, an integer multiple of the length of one radio frame.
  • the cell 1 After the cell 1 performs the adjustment, its corresponding sending unit 101 sends the UBDS 10 to the user equipment, instructing it to re-detect the DRS.
  • the base station of the cell 2 listens to the unlicensed frequency band, and transmits its own DRS in the blank time of the listening, and then counts the blank time T/2 and then waits for the T/2 (cell 1 transmission time) time to access the un Authorized frequency band.
  • the transmitting unit 101 corresponding to the cell 2 also sends the UBDS 10 to its own user equipment to instruct it to start detecting the DRS.
  • the adjusting unit 201 is further configured to adjust the transmission mode of the cell in which the device 200 is located on the unlicensed frequency band when the communication system occupying the unlicensed frequency band adjusts the transmission mode.
  • cell 1 and cell 2 when cell 1 and cell 2 have occupied the unlicensed frequency band, and cell 3 requests to access the frequency band, it may be set to be the cell that is accessed later, regardless of cell 2 and cell 1 who first detected the access request of cell 3. 2 will stop transmitting data, wait for the first access cell 1 to change the transmission mode, and then change the transmission mode accordingly.
  • the process of access is similar to the case of two cells, and details are not described herein again. Of course, there may be other settings.
  • Cell 1 is such that Cell 1 changes the transmission mode, and then the other cells change the transmission mode accordingly.
  • each communication system allocates k frame lengths.
  • the initially accessed communication system averaged the remaining frames.
  • the base station A determines that the unlicensed band is idle, thereby accessing the unlicensed band in the mode UCT 1. In this way, when the base station A transmits data, it will cause serious interference to the user of the base station B.
  • the determining unit 103 determines to stop the communication and the transmitting unit 101 is configured to request access by broadcast transmission on the unlicensed band. signal. In other words, the cell in which the device 200 is located re-accesses the unlicensed band.
  • apparatus 200 enables cooperative transmission of multiple unlicensed communication systems over unlicensed frequency bands.
  • the apparatus 300 further includes a power adjustment unit 301 configured to be used according to the cell in which the device 300 is located when the determining unit 103 determines to use the unlicensed band for communication.
  • the transmission power of the base station is adjusted by the distribution of each user equipment and the interference on the unlicensed frequency band detected by each user equipment.
  • the unlicensed frequency band is only used as a secondary carrier, so the transmission power required for transmission on the unlicensed frequency band need only be limited to ensure that the target user can receive the transmitted data without having to
  • the primary carrier covers the entire range of cells as well. Therefore, interference to other unlicensed communication systems can be reduced by reducing the transmission power on the unlicensed band.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of base stations and user equipment in a cell.
  • the base station can know the distribution status of its users, for example, by calculating according to TA (time advance), GPS positioning, or determining according to the position reference signal.
  • three transmission power thresholds A, B, and C are set according to the distance between the user equipment and the base station, that is, when the user is within the distance d1 from the base station, the maximum power that the base station sends to the user is limited to A, and the user When the base station is between d1 and d2, the power is limited between A and B, and so on.
  • interference on unlicensed frequency bands detected by the user equipment is also taken into account when determining the transmission power. specifically, When the interference is high, the transmission power of the base station is set higher to ensure that the user equipment can receive the data, and vice versa, the transmission power can be reduced accordingly, thereby effectively reducing the power consumption while reducing the other communication systems being transmitted. influences.
  • the value of the interference involved herein may be lower than the interference threshold TH described in the first embodiment, and the height is only relative.
  • the interference value may be sent by the user equipment when transmitting a signal about the occupancy status of the unlicensed band to the base station, or may be reported by the user equipment after the device 300 determines to use the unlicensed band for communication.
  • the power adjustment unit 301 determines the transmission power of the base station as above, the base station and the user equipment can perform data transmission with the power.
  • the apparatus 300 may further include the adjustment unit 201 described in the second embodiment, the function and structure of which are the same as those in the second embodiment, and will not be repeated here.
  • the device 300 sets the transmission power of the base station according to the distribution condition of the user equipment and the interference detected by the user equipment respectively, and can reduce power consumption and reduce the communication system that has been accessed as much as possible while ensuring communication quality. interference.
  • the apparatus 400 includes: a receiving unit 401 configured to receive an instruction regarding unlicensed band detection from a base station serving the device 400; a detecting unit 402 configured to detect an occupation condition on an unlicensed band; and a transmitting unit 403 configured An undistributed-band state indication signal (USIS) is sent to the base station according to the occupancy status detected by the detecting unit 402.
  • the occupied status of the unlicensed frequency band includes occupied/idle and occupied system type, and the occupied system type includes Unlicensed communication systems and authorized communication systems.
  • the user equipment assists in detecting the unlicensed frequency band, and can obtain more accurate information about the unoccupied frequency band occupancy status.
  • the instruction regarding the unlicensed band detection may be, for example, as described in the first embodiment, and may of course have other forms as long as the detection of the detecting unit 402 can be triggered.
  • the receiving unit 401 may receive the above instruction by receiving RRC signaling in the licensed frequency band, or may receive the above instruction by receiving the system information block SIB in the licensed frequency band.
  • the detecting unit 402 is configured to detect interference on an unlicensed frequency band, and when the interference is lower than a predetermined threshold, the sending unit 403 sends an indication signal that the unlicensed band is idle to the base station, when the interference is higher than a predetermined threshold, The detecting unit 402 detects the occupied system type that generates the interference, and the transmitting unit 403 transmits the occupied system type indication signal of the system occupying the unlicensed frequency band to the base station.
  • the predetermined threshold may be, for example, the threshold TH described in the first embodiment. When the interference is lower than the threshold TH, the interference of other communication systems is very small and negligible, so the communication system of the device 400 can occupy the unauthorized.
  • detection unit 402 needs to identify the type of communication system that is using the unlicensed band. Still taking the LTE system and the Wi-Fi system as an example, assuming that the Wi-Fi system is an authorized communication system for an unlicensed frequency band and LTE is an unauthorized communication system, the detecting unit 402 needs to distinguish whether the accessed communication system is an LTE system or Wi-Fi system.
  • the unlicensed communication system is an LTE system
  • the detecting unit 402 distinguishes between the non-LTE signal and the LTE signal by detecting whether there is a PSS/SSS on the unlicensed band to determine the occupied system type. Specifically, when there is PSS/SSS, it is determined to be an LTE system, otherwise it is a non-LTE system.
  • the detecting unit 402 may be further configured to detect a PCI (Physical Cell ID) of a communication system that transmits data on an unlicensed frequency band, and determine, according to the PCI, a communication system that transmits data on an unlicensed frequency band and serves the device 400. Whether the base stations belong to the same carrier, and the transmitting unit 403 is configured to transmit an unlicensed band status indication signal to the base station without belonging to the same operator. In the case of belonging to the same operator, since the base stations of the same carrier can directly cooperate, it is not necessary to transmit information through the user equipment.
  • PCI Physical Cell ID
  • Figure 10 shows a definition example of an unlicensed band status indication signal, wherein the unlicensed band status indication signal occupies 2 bits, "00" indicates that no unlicensed band is detected to be occupied by any communication system, and "01" indicates detection To an unlicensed band occupied by an authorized communication system (such as a Wi-Fi system), "10” indicates that another unauthorized communication system has been detected to transmit data using an unlicensed band.
  • an authorized communication system such as a Wi-Fi system
  • "10” indicates that another unauthorized communication system has been detected to transmit data using an unlicensed band.
  • "01” and “10” may also be referred to as occupied system type indication signals.
  • the detecting unit 402 is further configured to periodically detect a request access signal of the other communication system that is broadcast on the unlicensed band requesting access to the unlicensed band.
  • the request access signal may include one MBSFN subframe and a DRS signal.
  • the transmitting unit 403 transmits an indication signal indicating that the other communication system requests access to the unlicensed frequency band to the base station.
  • the indication signal can be "11" defined as an unlicensed band status indication signal.
  • the base station when the base station receives the indication signal, it can be known that other unlicensed communication systems request access to the unlicensed frequency band, so that the transmission mode can be adjusted correspondingly to achieve common cooperative transmission.
  • the receiving unit 401 is further configured to receive an indication from the base station to start detecting the present.
  • the discovery of the unlicensed band of the cell refers to the instruction of the signal DRS.
  • This instruction may be, for example, the UBDS "10" described in the first embodiment.
  • the apparatus 400 further includes a synchronization unit 404 configured to perform coarse synchronization with the base station based on the DRS. It can be understood that the synchronization unit 404 can implement synchronization with the base station using any existing synchronization technology.
  • the transmission power is adjusted at the base station side according to the user equipment distribution and the interference of the unlicensed frequency band detected by the user equipment, and accordingly, the transmitting unit 403 can be configured to transmit the unauthorized to the base station accordingly.
  • the band status indication signal simultaneously transmits information of the detected interference size generated by other communication systems. This information is used as a basis for determining the transmission power.
  • the apparatus 400 can detect the occupation status of the unlicensed band and receive the request access signal broadcasted from other communication systems, thereby assisting in completing the use or cooperative use of the unlicensed band.
  • the device 400 may be implemented as a mobile terminal (such as a smart phone, a tablet personal computer (PC), a notebook PC, a portable game terminal, a portable/encrypted dog type mobile router, and a digital camera) or an in-vehicle terminal (such as a car navigation). device).
  • the device 400 can also be implemented as a terminal (also referred to as a machine type communication (MTC) terminal) that performs machine-to-machine (M2M) communication.
  • the device 400 may be a wireless communication module (such as an integrated circuit module including a single wafer) mounted on each of the above terminals.
  • FIG. 12 shows a flowchart of a method for a base station side for wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present application, the method comprising the steps of: transmitting an instruction for unlicensed band detection to a user equipment (S11); receiving from a user equipment a signal indicating an occupation status of an unlicensed band (S12); and determining whether to use an unlicensed band for communication based on the received signal (S13), wherein the occupation status of the unlicensed band includes occupancy/idle and occupied system type, occupying the system Types include unlicensed communication systems as well as authorized communication systems.
  • the authorized communication system may be a Wi-Fi system
  • the unauthorized communication system may be an LTE system.
  • the instruction may be sent by RRC signaling in the licensed band, or may be sent by the system information block SIB in the licensed band.
  • RRC signaling in the licensed band
  • SIB system information block
  • step S13 when it is determined that the unlicensed band is used for communication based on the received signal determining that the unlicensed band is idle, the process proceeds to step S15, in which the user equipment is started to start detecting the cell not in step S15.
  • the discovery of the licensed band refers to the instruction of the signal DRS, which is used for coarse synchronization by the user equipment.
  • the base station periodically transmits the DRS on an unlicensed frequency band.
  • step S14 may be further performed, wherein the transmission power of the base station is adjusted according to the distribution of each user equipment of the cell corresponding to the base station and the interference on the unlicensed frequency band detected by each user equipment.
  • step S13 when it is determined based on the received signal that the unlicensed band is occupied by the authorized communication system such as the Wi-Fi system described in the foregoing, it is determined that the unlicensed band is not used, and the process ends.
  • step S13 when it is determined in step S13 that the unlicensed band is occupied by the unlicensed communication system based on the received signal, determining to cooperatively use the unlicensed band in cooperation with the unlicensed communication system, the process proceeds to step S16, in step S16,
  • the request access signal is broadcast on an unlicensed band.
  • the request access signal may be detected by a base station or user equipment of an unauthorized communication system that has accessed an unlicensed frequency band. When other unlicensed communication systems detect the request access signal, their transmission mode will be changed so that the current communication system can access.
  • step S15 After the current communication system is allowed to access, and before it can transmit data, the process of step S15 is further performed, that is, an instruction to start detecting DRS of the unlicensed band of the own cell is sent to the user equipment, so that the user equipment and the base station can perform coarse synchronization. .
  • the method may further include step S21 before step S11, wherein the interference of the unlicensed band is determined before the instruction is sent, and the unlicensed band detection is performed to the user equipment when the interference is below a predetermined threshold. instruction.
  • step S16 when the interference is higher than a predetermined threshold, it is determined that the interference is from an unauthorized communication system or an authorized communication system, and if it is from an unauthorized communication system, the request access signal is broadcasted on the unlicensed frequency band, that is, the processing of step S16 is performed; From the authorized communication system, an instruction to perform unlicensed band detection is not sent to the user equipment or an instruction regarding unlicensed band detection is not sent to the user equipment.
  • step S14 may be further performed, wherein the base station transmission is adjusted according to the distribution of each user equipment of the cell corresponding to the base station and the interference on the unlicensed frequency band detected by each user equipment. power.
  • the request access signal may include one MBSFN subframe and a DRS signal.
  • the power of the request access signal may also be increased within a certain range so that it is detected by other communication systems that have occupied the unlicensed frequency band.
  • the power of the request access signal reaches the upper limit of the range and is not detected by other communication systems, the transmission of the request access signal is stopped, and it is determined that the unlicensed frequency band is not used.
  • the method further includes the steps of: receiving an access request signal of another communication system or receiving from the user equipment indicating that it receives the other communication. a signal requesting the access signal of the system (S31); and adjusting a transmission mode of the cell corresponding to the base station on the unlicensed frequency band (S32), so that the cell corresponding to the base station cooperates with other communication systems requesting access on the unlicensed frequency band Alternately transfer data.
  • step S32 when the transmission mode of the other unoccupied frequency band is adjusted, the transmission mode of the cell corresponding to the base station on the unlicensed frequency band may be adjusted accordingly.
  • the transmission mode includes a period in which the cooperatively alternately transmitted data is set and a period in which the cell corresponding to the base station in the cycle is used to transmit data.
  • the cell corresponding to the base station and other communication systems requesting access may occupy each interval in the cycle according to the order of access.
  • the above method may further include the step of determining to stop the communication and transmitting the request access signal by broadcasting on the unlicensed frequency band if the cell corresponding to the base station occupies an unlicensed frequency band for communication and the interference becomes larger than a predetermined value. This step is performed, for example, in the case where the base station erroneously accesses other communication systems for the hidden base station of the base station of the other communication system requesting access.
  • a method for user side of wireless communication is described below with reference to FIG. 14, the method comprising the steps of: receiving an instruction for unlicensed band detection from a base station (S41); detecting occupancy on an unlicensed band a condition (S42); and transmitting an unlicensed band status indication signal to the base station according to the detected occupancy status (S43), wherein the occupancy status of the unlicensed band includes occupancy/idle and occupied system type, and the occupied system type includes an unlicensed communication system And authorized communication systems.
  • the instruction may be received by RRC signaling in the licensed band, or may be received by the system information block SIB in the licensed band.
  • the interference on the unlicensed frequency band may be detected.
  • the indication signal that the unlicensed frequency band is idle is sent to the base station in step S43, when the interference is higher than the predetermined threshold, in step S42.
  • the type of occupied system that generates the interference is also detected, that is, whether it is an authorized communication system or an unauthorized communication system, and the occupancy system type indication signal is transmitted to the base station in step S43.
  • the occupied system type indication signal may be part of an unlicensed frequency band status indication signal, and specific examples thereof have been given above, and are not repeated here.
  • step S42 the PCI of the communication system transmitting data on the unlicensed frequency band may be detected, and based on the PCI, it is determined whether the communication system transmitting data on the unlicensed frequency band and the base station serving the user belong to the same The operator, and only if it does not belong to the same operator, performs step S43 because the base stations of the same operator can directly cooperate without transmitting information through the user equipment.
  • step S43 information of the detected interference size of other communication systems may also be transmitted while transmitting the unlicensed band status indication signal, so that the base station can adjust the transmission power accordingly.
  • the unlicensed communication system is an LTE system
  • the non-LTE signal and the LTE signal can be distinguished by determining whether there is a PSS/SSS on the unlicensed band to determine the occupied system type in step S42.
  • the method may further include: Step S44: receiving an instruction from the base station to start detecting a DRS of an unlicensed frequency band of the local cell, to perform roughness with the base station based on the DRS. step.
  • the method further includes the step S45: periodically detecting the request access signal of the other communication system that is broadcast on the unlicensed frequency band requesting access to the unlicensed frequency band.
  • the request for access signal is detected, an indication signal indicating that the other communication system requests access to the unlicensed frequency band is transmitted to the base station.
  • the base station After receiving the indication signal, the base station can adjust its own transmission mode to cooperate with other communication systems to use the unlicensed frequency band.
  • the request access signal may include one MBSFN subframe and a DRS signal.
  • the occupation status of the unlicensed frequency band can be more accurately obtained, and the cooperation of the plurality of unauthorized communication systems on the unlicensed frequency band is realized.
  • the base station 2 detects the interference of the unlicensed band and finds that the interference is below the predetermined threshold, so the UBDS "01" is sent to its user, instructing it to perform the authorized band detection.
  • the user of the base station 2 After receiving the UBDS "01", the user of the base station 2 starts detecting the interference in the surrounding frequency band, and detects that there is one PCI in the frequency band, and then feeds the USIS "10" to the base station 2 to inform it that there are other LTE users in the current frequency band.
  • the base station 2 broadcasts and transmits the URAS on the unlicensed frequency band. In this way, the user of the base station 1 or the base station 1 detects that another LTE user is requesting access to the frequency band.
  • the base station 1 In the case that the user of the base station 1 detects the user, the user of the base station 1 sends the USIS "11" to the base station 1 to notify the base station. 1 This information. Subsequently, the base station 1 automatically adjusts its transmission mode from UCT 1 to UCT 2,1 and resends its UBDS "10" to its user to instruct it to re-detect the DRS.
  • the base station 2 will listen to the unlicensed band after transmitting the URAS and transmit its own DRS during the detection of the blank. Similarly, base station 2 also sends UBDS "10" to its users to instruct it to begin detecting DRS. Finally, base station 2 transmits in mode UCT 2,2.
  • the determining unit, the adjusting unit, the power adjusting unit, and the like in the foregoing apparatus may be implemented by one or more processors, such as a transmitting unit, a receiving unit, and a detecting unit.
  • processors such as a transmitting unit, a receiving unit, and a detecting unit.
  • circuit components such as antennas, filters, modems, and codecs.
  • the present invention also provides an electronic device (1) comprising: a circuit configured to: transmit an instruction for unlicensed band detection to a user equipment; and receive a signal from the user equipment indicating an occupancy status of an unlicensed band And determining whether to use an unlicensed band for communication based on the received signal, wherein occupancy of the unlicensed band includes occupancy/idle and occupancy system type, and the occupied system type includes an unauthorized communication system and an authorized communication system.
  • the present invention also provides an electronic device (2) comprising: a circuit configured to: receive an instruction for detection of an unlicensed band from a base station; detect an occupancy condition on an unlicensed band; and based on the detected occupancy condition An unlicensed band status indication signal is sent to the base station, wherein the occupancy status of the unlicensed band includes occupancy/idle and the occupied system type, and the occupied system type includes an unauthorized communication system and an authorized communication system.
  • the present invention also proposes a program product for storing an instruction code readable by a machine.
  • the instruction code is read and executed by a machine, the above-described method according to an embodiment of the present invention can be performed.
  • a storage medium for carrying a program product storing the above-described storage machine readable instruction code is also included in the disclosure of the present invention.
  • the storage medium includes, but is not limited to, a floppy disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, a memory card, a memory stick, and the like.
  • a program constituting the software is installed from a storage medium or a network to a computer having a dedicated hardware structure (for example, the general-purpose computer 1600 shown in FIG. 16), which is installed with various programs. At the time, it is possible to perform various functions and the like.
  • a central processing unit (CPU) 1601 executes various processes in accordance with a program stored in a read only memory (ROM) 1602 or a program loaded from a storage portion 1608 to a random access memory (RAM) 1603.
  • ROM read only memory
  • RAM random access memory
  • data required when the CPU 1601 executes various processes and the like is also stored as needed.
  • the CPU 1601, the ROM 1602, and the RAM 1603 are connected to each other via a bus 1604.
  • Input/output interface 1605 is also coupled to bus 1604.
  • the following components are connected to the input/output interface 1605: an input portion 1606 (including a keyboard, a mouse, etc.), an output portion 1607 (including a display such as a cathode ray tube (CRT), a liquid crystal display (LCD), etc., and a speaker, etc.),
  • the storage portion 1608 (including a hard disk or the like), the communication portion 1609 (including a network interface card such as a LAN card, a modem, etc.).
  • the communication section 1609 performs communication processing via a network such as the Internet.
  • Driver 1610 can also be coupled to input/output interface 1605 as desired.
  • a removable medium 1611 such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, a semiconductor memory or the like is mounted on the drive 1610 as needed, so that the computer program read therefrom is installed into the storage portion 1608 as needed.
  • a program constituting the software is installed from a network such as the Internet or a storage medium such as the removable medium 1611.
  • such a storage medium is not limited to the removable medium 1611 shown in FIG. 16 in which a program is stored and distributed separately from the device to provide a program to the user.
  • the removable medium 1611 include a magnetic disk (including a floppy disk (registered trademark)), an optical disk (including a compact disk read only memory (CD-ROM) and a digital versatile disk (DVD)), and a magneto-optical disk (including a mini disk (MD) (registered) Trademark)) and semiconductor memory.
  • the storage medium may be a ROM 1602, a hard disk included in the storage portion 1608, or the like, in which programs are stored, and distributed to the user together with the device containing them.

Abstract

本公开提供了用于无线通信的基站侧和用户侧的装置与方法。该装置包括：发送单元，被配置为向该装置所在的小区所服务的用户设备发送关于未授权频段检测的指令；接收单元，被配置为从用户设备接收表示未授权频段的占用状况的信号；以及确定单元，被配置为基于接收单元接收的信号确定是否使用未授权频段进行通信，其中，未授权频段的占用状况包括占用/空闲以及占用系统类型，占用系统类型包括非授权通信系统以及授权通信系统。

Description

用于无线通信的基站侧和用户侧的装置与方法 技术领域
本发明的实施例总体上涉及无线通信领域，具体地涉及用于无线通信的基站侧的装置和方法、以及用于无线通信的用户侧的装置和方法，更具体地，本发明的实施例涉及通过使用用户终端辅助来实现多个通信系统共同占用未授权频段的技术。
背景技术
LTE(长期演进)是由3GPP组织制定的UTMS(通用移动通信系统)技术标准的长期演进。LTE系统引入了OFDM和多天线MIMO(多输入多输出)等关键传输技术，显著增加了频谱效率和数据传输速率，并支持多种带宽分配。LTE无线网络结构更加扁平化，减小了系统时延，降低了建网成本和维护成本。
LTE最初只被设计应用于授权频段，且各个运营商占用不同的授权频段。然而，随着世界范围内无线宽带数据的飞速增长，LTE网络得到了高速发展，为了提高服务质量，运营商们把目光投向了未授权频段。此外，充分利用未授权频段也可以使运营商和设备商们现有的LTE硬件资源得到最大化的利用。因此，需要开发一种共享技术来使得多个非授权通信系统能够同时使用未授权频段进行通信，从而提高未授权频段的频率利用效率。
发明内容
在下文中给出了关于本发明的简要概述，以便提供关于本发明的某些方面的基本理解。应当理解，这个概述并不是关于本发明的穷举性概述。它并不是意图确定本发明的关键或重要部分，也不是意图限定本发明的范围。其目的仅仅是以简化的形式给出某些概念，以此作为稍后论述的更详细描述的前序。
根据本申请的一个方面，提供了一种用于无线通信的基站侧的装置， 包括：发送单元，被配置为向该装置所在的小区所服务的用户设备发送关于未授权频段检测的指令；接收单元，被配置为从用户设备接收表示未授权频段的占用状况的信号；以及确定单元，被配置为基于接收单元接收的信号确定是否使用未授权频段进行通信，其中，未授权频段的占用状况包括占用/空闲以及占用系统类型，占用系统类型包括非授权通信系统以及授权通信系统。
根据本申请的另一个方面，提供了一种用于无线通信的基站侧的方法，包括：向用户设备发送关于未授权频段检测的指令；从用户设备接收表示未授权频段的占用状况的信号；以及基于所接收的信号确定是否使用未授权频段进行通信，其中，未授权频段的占用状况包括占用/空闲以及占用系统类型，占用系统类型包括非授权通信系统以及授权通信系统。
根据本申请的又一个方面，还提供了一种用于无线通信的用户侧的装置，包括：接收单元，被配置为从服务于该装置的基站接收关于未授权频段检测的指令；检测单元，被配置为检测未授权频段的占用状况；以及发送单元，被配置为根据检测单元检测的占用状况向基站发送未授权频段状态指示信号，其中，未授权频段的占用状况包括占用/空闲以及占用系统类型，占用系统类型包括非授权通信系统以及授权通信系统。
根据本申请的另一个方面，提供了一种用于无线通信的用户侧的方法，包括：从基站接收关于未授权频段检测的指令；检测未授权频段的占用状况；以及根据所检测的占用状况向基站发送未授权频段状态指示信号，其中，未授权频段的占用状况包括占用/空闲以及占用系统类型，占用系统类型包括非授权通信系统以及授权通信系统。
依据本发明的其它方面，还提供了用于实现上述用于无线通信的基站侧和用户侧的方法的计算机程序代码和计算机程序产品以及其上记录有该用于实现上述用于无线通信的基站侧和用户侧的方法的计算机程序代码的计算机可读存储介质。
根据本申请的用于无线通信的基站侧的装置和方法以及用户侧的装置和方法通过使用用户设备辅助的方式，实现了不同通信系统之间的信息交互，从而即使在这些通信系统属于不同的运营商时，也能够进行协作传输。
通过以下结合附图对本发明的优选实施例的详细说明，本发明的这些以及其他优点将更加明显。
附图说明
为了进一步阐述本发明的以上和其它优点和特征，下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细的说明。所述附图连同下面的详细说明一起包含在本说明书中并且形成本说明书的一部分。具有相同的功能和结构的元件用相同的参考标号表示。应当理解，这些附图仅描述本发明的典型示例，而不应看作是对本发明的范围的限定。在附图中：
图1是示出了根据本申请的一个实施例的用于无线通信的基站侧的装置的结构框图；
图2是示出了两个通信系统的示意图；
图3是示出了未授权频段检测信号(UBDS)的一个限定示例的图；
图4是示出了未授权频段请求接入信号(URAS)的构成的示例的图；
图5是示出了根据本申请的另一个实施例的用于无线通信的基站侧的装置的结构框图；
图6是示出了未授权频段协作传输模式(UCT)的示意图；
图7是示出了根据本申请的另一个实施例的用于无线通信的基站侧的装置的结构框图；
图8是示出了小区中基站及用户设备的分布示意图；
图9是示出了根据本申请的一个实施例的用于无线通信的用户侧的装置的结构框图；
图10是示出了未授权频段状态指示信号(USIS)的一个限定示例的图；
图11是示出了根据本申请的另一个实施例的用于无线通信的用户侧的装置的结构框图；
图12是示出了根据本申请的一个实施例的用于无线通信的基站侧的方法的流程图；
图13是示出了根据本申请的一个实施例的用于无线通信的基站侧的方法的流程图；
图14是示出了根据本申请的一个实施例的用于无线通信的用户侧的方法的流程图；
图15是示出了一个系统示例的信令流程的示意图；以及
图16是其中可以实现根据本发明的实施例的方法和/或装置和/或系统的通用个人计算机的示例性结构的框图。
具体实施方式
在下文中将结合附图对本发明的示范性实施例进行描述。为了清楚和简明起见，在说明书中并未描述实际实施方式的所有特征。然而，应该了解，在开发任何这种实际实施例的过程中必须做出很多特定于实施方式的决定，以便实现开发人员的具体目标，例如，符合与系统及业务相关的那些限制条件，并且这些限制条件可能会随着实施方式的不同而有所改变。此外，还应该了解，虽然开发工作有可能是非常复杂和费时的，但对得益于本公开内容的本领域技术人员来说，这种开发工作仅仅是例行的任务。
在此，还需要说明的一点是，为了避免因不必要的细节而模糊了本发明，在附图中仅仅示出了与根据本发明的方案密切相关的设备结构和/或处理步骤，而省略了与本发明关系不大的其他细节。
<第一实施例>
图1示出了根据本申请的一个实施例的用于无线通信的基站侧的装置100的结构框图，该装置100包括：发送单元101，被配置为向该装置100所在的小区所服务的用户设备发送关于未授权频段检测的指令；接收单元102，被配置为从用户设备接收表示未授权频段的占用状况的信号；以及确定单元103，被配置为基于接收单元102接收的信号确定是否使用未授权频段进行通信，其中，未授权频段的占用状况包括占用/空闲以及占用系统类型，占用系统类型包括非授权通信系统以及授权通信系统。
如上所述，装置100对应的通信系统(也称为目标通信系统)除了占用授权频段进行通信之外，在通信负载较大的情况下，可能还期望使用未授权频段进行通信。这里所述的未授权频段是针对该目标通信系统而言的，而未授权频段本身可能已经分配给另外的某个授权通信系统。在这种情况下，目标通信系统一般需要在不影响授权通信系统的正常通信的情况下占用该未授权频段。
这里所述的授权通信系统例如可以为Wi-Fi通信系统，而目标通信系 统可以为LTE通信系统或者其他通信系统，对于目标通信系统而言未授权频段为Wi-Fi频段。可以理解，未授权频段还可以是广播电视频段或者雷达频段等其他通信系统的法定通信资源，本领域技术人员根据本发明公开的内容可以将具体的技术方案应用到其他的通信系统中。优选地，本发明中的目标通信系统设计为LTE通信系统。装置100可以被实现为任何类型的演进型节点B(eNB)，诸如宏eNB和小eNB。小eNB可以为覆盖比宏小区小的小区的eNB，诸如微微eNB、微eNB和家庭(毫微微)eNB。代替地，装置100可以被实现为任何其他类型的基站，诸如NodeB和基站收发台(BTS)。装置100可以包括：被配置为控制无线通信的主体(也称为基站设备)；以及设置在与主体不同的地方的一个或多个远程无线头端(RRH)。另外，下面将描述的各种类型的终端均可以通过暂时地或半持久性地执行基站功能而作为装置100工作。在本发明的一个示例中，装置100根据从用户设备接收到的未授权频段的占用状况信号确定未授权频段对于本通信系统是否可用，若可用，则将未授权频段上的载波配置为装置100所服务的用户设备的成分载波之一，使得未授权频段上的载波以载波聚合的方式与授权频段上的成分载波共同为用户设备提供传输服务。在一个优选的示例中，装置100仅将未授权频段上的载波配置为提供数据面的服务，例如配置作为辅载波而不作为主载波使用。
在装置100试图使用或者装置100所服务的用户设备之间(例如D2D通信)期望使用未授权频段进行通信时，承担传输资源分配的装置100将控制其用户设备辅助对未授权频段进行探测。具体地，发送单元101向装置100的小区范围内的用户设备发送关于未授权频段检测的信令，该信令例如可以指示用户设备进行或不进行未授权频段检测，而用户设备是否进行未授权频段检测的判断可以由装置100使用各种方式作出。例如，装置100可以设置为不开启未授权频段，此时，则发送不进行未授权频段检测的指令，或者不发送关于检测的指令。
此外，在一个示例中，确定单元103还被配置为在发送单元101发送上述指令之前确定未授权频段的干扰，并且发送单元101被配置为在确定单元103确定该干扰低于预定阈值时向用户设备发送进行未授权频段检测的指令。换言之，可以首先由基站侧进行未授权频段上干扰的确定，在基站侧初步检测的基础上，再由基站侧基于干扰情况判断是否需要用户设备辅助探测。在一个例子中，如果基站侧确定该干扰高于预定阈值，则判断相应未授权频段不适于被采用，用户设备不需要进行进一步的检测，否则发送进行未授权频段检测的指令。在另一个例子中，基站侧装置100 判断干扰来自授权或非授权通信系统，在干扰来自授权通信系统的情况下，发送单元101不向用户设备发送关于未授权频段检测的指令或者向用户设备发送不进行未授权频段检测的指令。
通过用户设备来进行未授权频段检测，可以尽量避免隐藏基站的问题。如图2所示，其示意性地示出了两个通信系统(比如两个LTE小区)，其中，基站B对应的通信系统已经在使用未授权频段，基站A试图接入该未授权频段，但是，由于基站B的用户(在图2中用用户1来表示)分布在距离基站A较远的右侧，因此，基站A在检测未授权频段上的干扰时没有检测到基站B与用户1之间在该未授权频段上的通信而判断为干扰低于预定阈值。在这种情况下，基站B对于基站A而言为隐藏基站。可以看出，如果此时基站A接入未授权频段，则基站A和B的用户之间会产生较强的干扰。相反，通过使基站A的用户设备、比如距离基站B的用户1较近的用户2进行未授权频段检测，则可能检测到未授权频段上的来自基站B的用户的较强的干扰，从而更准确地确定未授权频段的占用状况。
此外，作为一个示例，当确定单元103确定上述干扰高于预定阈值时，判断该干扰来自非授权通信系统或者授权通信系统，在确定单元103确定高于阈值的干扰来自非授权通信系统的情况下，则例如根据与其他非授权通信系统间的共存协议确定要求共享非授权频段的传输资源。一种优选的例子是由发送单元101在该未授权频段上广播接入请求信号，以便当前正在占用未授权频段的通信系统知悉并根据预定的共存协议进行时分/频分等方式的共享或避让。另一方面，在确定单元103确定高于阈值的干扰来自授权通信系统的情况下，决定不利用相应的未授权频段。
例如，当确定单元103确定干扰来自Wi-Fi系统时，装置100放弃使用该未授权频段；而当确定单元103确定干扰来自另一个LTE系统时，装置100通过广播接入请求信号来试图与该LTE系统共同使用该未授权频段，在后面将具体描述广播接入请求信号的格式和相关处理。
在指示用户设备进行未授权频段的检测的情况下，接收单元102从用户设备接收其检测的未授权频段的占用状况的信号，该信号指示了未授权频段是否被占用以及占用该未授权频段的通信系统的类型，即该通信系统是授权通信系统还是其他非授权通信系统，比如是Wi-Fi系统还是其他LTE系统。确定单元103根据该信号来确定是否使用未授权频段进行通信。用户设备可以检测周围的干扰情况，例如如果干扰低于门限TH，则 用户设备确定此频段未被占用，相反，如果用户检测到干扰高于门限TH，则还需进一步确定此干扰来自授权通信系统还是其他非授权通信系统。在例如可能使用Wi-Fi频段的通信系统是LTE系统和Wi-Fi系统的情况下，例如可以通过检测该频段上是否有LTE系统独特的信号例如PSS/SSS来区分Wi-Fi信号和其他LTE信号。
在一个示例中，确定单元103被配置为在基于接收单元102接收的信号确定未授权频段被非授权通信系统占用的情况下，确定以协作方式与该非授权通信系统共同使用该未授权频段，以及发送单元101被配置为在该未授权频段上广播请求接入信号，以及/或者，确定单元103被配置为在基于接收单元102接收的信号确定未授权频段被授权通信系统占用的情况下，确定不使用该未授权频段。
应该注意，以上虽然描述了用户设备能够区分非授权通信系统和授权通信系统的情形，但是也可以存在如下情况：用户设备只确定与其所在通信系统相同的通信系统的类型。换言之，用户设备不区分非授权通信系统和授权通信系统。在这种情况下，确定单元103可以被配置为只与相同类型的通信系统协作使用未授权频段，而对于不同类型的通信系统不进行协作而放弃高干扰的未授权频段。
在本发明的一个示例中，为了判断是否能使用未授权频段，可以为各个通信系统设置使用未授权频段的优先级别，确定单元103可以通过比较本通信系统与正在占用未授权频段的通信系统的优先级别来确定要协作还是要放弃。例如，在广播电视频段，Wi-Fi系统与LTE系统均为未授权系统，在两者均可能利用广播电视频段的情况下，可以为Wi-Fi通信系统设置高优先级别而为LTE系统设置低优先级别，当检测到正在占用未授权频段的通信系统的优先级别为高时，则目标通信系统放弃对未授权频段的使用，否则确定进行协作。
此外，确定单元103被配置为在未授权频段空闲的情况下确定使用未授权频段进行通信，发送单元101还被配置为在确定单元103确定使用未授权频段进行通信之后发送发现参考信号DRS(Discovery Reference Signal)以及向相应用户设备发送开始检测本小区未授权频段的发现参考信号DRS的指令，该DRS用于用户设备进行粗同步，并且发送单元101还被配置为周期性地在该未授权频段上发送该DRS。
发送单元101所发送的上述指令可以通过在授权频段的高层信令例如RRC(无线资源管理)信令发送，即向特定用户发送，从而有选择地 要求特定用户设备进行探测。也可以通过在授权频段的物理层例如SIB(系统信息块)发送，即以广播的形式发送，从而以快捷的方式发出上述指令。当然，发送单元101也可以采用其他适当的信令或形式来发送上述指令。
下面参照图3给出发送单元101所发送的关于未授权频段检测的指令的一种信令结构。如图3所示，未授权频段检测的指令用未授权频段检测信号(Unlicensed Band Detection Signal，UBDS)表示，占用2个比特。当UBDS为“00”时，指示用户不检测未授权频段，当UBDS为“01”时，指示用户进行未授权频段的检测，而当UBDS为“10”时，说明确定单元103已经确定使用未授权频段进行通信，在进行数据传输之前要在未授权频段先发送DRS以便于基站的用户进行粗同步，发送单元101向用户发送UBDS“10”来指示用户可以开始检测未授权频段的DRS。
应该理解，该信令结构仅是一种示例，并不限于此，而是可以采用其他任何适当的方式。
如上所述，当确定单元103确定未授权频段已经被另外的非授权通信系统占用时，发送单元101在未授权频段上广播接入请求信号(Unlicensed-band Request of Access Signal，URAS)。已经接入的非授权通信系统的基站和用户设备可以通过周期性地检测来获得该信号，从而获知有其他非授权通信系统请求使用未授权频段。
请求接入信号可以包含一个MBSFN子帧和DRS信号。图4示出了请求接入信号的一个示意性结构示例，其中，MBSFN子帧与DRS信号的结合用于与其他广播信号相区分，DRS则可用于区分不同的非授权通信系统(比如不同的LTE小区)。例如，图4中所示的DRS中的PSS/SSS包含相应小区的识别信息，该信息还包含该小区的运营商的信息。关于MBSFN子帧以及DRS的具体内容可以参考3GPP组织制定的LTE-A相关标准，本发明不再赘述。应该理解，请求接入信号的构成并不限于图4所示的示例，而是可以有各种变型。
在某些情况下，请求接入信号可能较弱，以至于已经接入的通信系统的基站和用户无法检测到而未执行相应的协作。此时，装置100在发出请求接入信号后仍获得非授权频段上高干扰的探测结果，发送单元101被配置为在一定范围内增大请求接入信号的功率，以使其被已经占用未授权频段的其他通信系统检测到。
在本发明的一个示例中，非授权通信系统间的预定协作协议可以是如下的：例如，假定协作传输的周期为T，即多个非授权通信系统在每个周期T内顺次占用未授权频段进行数据传输。如果已接入的非授权通信系统在一个周期T内没有改变传输模式，则待接入通信系统的发送单元101在范围C内逐渐增大请求接入信号的功率。当请求接入信号的功率达到范围的上限而其未被其他通信系统检测到时，发送单元101停止发送请求接入信号，且确定单元103确定不使用未授权频段。
此外，在装置100所在的小区已占用未授权频段进行通信的情况下，接收单元102还被配置为接收其他通信系统的请求接入信号或者从用户设备接收表示其接收到来自其他通信系统的请求接入信号的信号。
上述装置100通过使用用户设备作为辅助，不仅可以更准确地获知未授权频段的占用状况，而且可以实现不同运营商的通信系统间的信息交互，进而实现在未授权频段上的共同协作。
<第二实施例>
下面参照图5来描述根据本申请的另一个实施例的用于无线通信的基站侧的装置200的结构，如图5所示，除了参照图1所述的各个部件之外，装置200还包括调整单元201，被配置为在接收单元102接收到其他通信系统的请求接入信号或者从用户设备接收到表示其接收到来自其他通信系统的请求接入信号的信号时，调整装置200所在的小区在未授权频段上的传输模式，以使得装置200所在的小区与请求接入的其他通信系统在未授权频段上协作交替传输数据。
图6示出了传输模式的一组示例，在图6中在时间方向上示出了小区在未授权频段上传输数据的情况，其中考虑了两个LTE小区，灰色填充区域表示小区1的DRS发送时间部分，斜线区域表示小区1传输数据的时间部分，点线填充区域表示小区2的DRS发送时间部分，竖线区域表示小区2传输数据的时间部分，空白区域表示没有数据传输的时间部分。
假定小区1是初始接入的小区，即，在其接入时未授权频段的占用情况为空闲。如前所述，小区1的基站侧的装置200的发送单元103在未授权频段上周期发送DRS，并且向用户设备发送UBDS 10以指示其开始检测未授权频段的DRS。在基站和用户设备同步之后开始传输数据，由于仅有一个非授权通信系统占用未授权频段，因此传输模式为UCT 1，即小 区1占用整个频段来传输数据。
当小区1对应的接收单元201接收到小区2的请求接入信号或者从用户设备接收到表示其接收到来自小区2的请求接入信号的信号时，调整单元201调整小区1的传输模式，以便为待接入的小区2空出资源。
其中，传输模式可以包括所设置的协作交替传输数据的周期以及所述周期中所述装置所在的小区用于传输数据的区间。作为一种示例配置，装置200所在的小区与请求接入的其他通信系统可以按照接入的先后次序占用周期中的各个区间。
在图6的示例中，小区1自动调整为UCT 2，1传输模式，而小区2以模式UCT 2，2进行传输。即，假定UCT(未授权频段协作传输)的周期为T，小区1占用前T/2的时间进行传输，小区2占用后T/2的时间进行传输。这里，T例如可以为一个无线帧的长度的整数倍。
具体地，在小区1进行调整之后，其对应的发送单元101发送UBDS10给用户设备，指示其重新检测DRS。小区2的基站监听该未授权频段，并且在监听到的空白时间发送自己的DRS，然后计数空白的时间T/2后再等待T/2(小区1的传输时间)时间后可以接入该未授权频段。类似地，小区2对应的发送单元101也要发送UBDS 10给自己的用户设备以指示其开始检测DRS。
以上虽然以两个小区为例描述了调整单元201的操作，但是并不限于此，也可以类似地应用于已经有多个小区正在占用未授权频段的情况。在这种情况下，调整单元201还被配置为在其他占用未授权频段的通信系统调整了传输模式时，相应地调整装置200所在的小区在未授权频段上的传输模式。
例如，当小区1和小区2已经占用了未授权频段，而小区3请求接入该频段时，可以设置为不管小区2和小区1谁先检测到小区3的接入请求，后接入的小区2将停止传输数据，等待先接入的小区1改变传输模式，然后相应地改变传输模式。接入的过程与2个小区的情形类似，在此不再赘述。当然，也可以有其他设置，比如在检测到小区3的接入请求的小区不是最先接入的小区1的情形下，可以由该小区将检测到要求接入的新小区这一信息通知给小区1，以使得小区1改变传输模式，然后其他小区相应地改变传输模式。
当总共有n个非授权通信系统在未授权频段上协作传输时，假设T 是m倍的无线帧长，m为正整数，则每个通信系统分配k个帧长，
Figure PCTCN2015091841-appb-000001
而最初接入的通信系统平均分得余下的帧。
然而，在隐藏基站的情况下，例如返回参照图2，如果基站A的用户2位于左侧，那么可能由于用户2距离基站B太远以至于检测不到它，即基站A和其用户设备均为检测到基站B，此时，基站A确定未授权频段空闲，从而以模式UCT 1接入未授权频段。这样，基站A传输数据时会对基站B的用户造成严重干扰。
因此，在装置200所在的小区占用未授权频段进行通信且干扰变大为超过预定值的情况下，确定单元103确定停止通信且发送单元101被配置为在未授权频段上通过广播发送请求接入信号。换言之，装置200所在的小区重新接入未授权频段。
如上所述，装置200实现了多个非授权通信系统在未授权频段上的协作传输。
<第三实施例>
下面参照图7来描述根据本申请的另一个实施例的用于无线通信的基站侧的装置300的结构框图。如图7所示，除了参照图1所述的各个部件之外，装置300还包括功率调整单元301，被配置为当确定单元103确定使用未授权频段进行通信时，根据装置300所在的小区的各个用户设备的分布和各个用户设备检测的未授权频段上的干扰来调整基站的传送功率。
在本发明的一些示例中，未授权频段只用作辅载波，因此在未授权频段上进行传输所需的发送功率只需限定在保证目标用户可以接收到所传输的数据即可，而不必像主载波一样覆盖整个小区的范围。因此，可以通过减小未授权频段上的传输功率来减小对其他非授权通信系统的干扰。
图8示出了一个小区中基站及用户设备的分布示意图。其中，基站可以知道其用户的分布状况，例如可以通过根据TA(时间提前量)计算、GPS定位或者根据位置参考信号来确定等方式。在图8中，根据用户设备与基站的距离设定了三个传输功率门限A、B和C，即，当用户距离基站在d1之内时，基站发送给用户的最大功率限定为A，用户距离基站在d1和d2之间时，功率限定在A与B之间，以此类推。此外，在确定传送功率时还将用户设备检测到的未授权频段上的干扰考虑在内。具体地， 当干扰较高时，基站的传送功率设置地较高以保证用户设备可以接收到数据，反之则可以相应地降低传送功率，从而有效地减小能耗，同时降低对正在传输的其他通信系统的影响。
应该理解，以上虽然提到了根据干扰来调整传送功率，但是，这里所涉及的干扰的值可以均低于第一实施例中所述的干扰门限TH，高低仅是相对的。作为一个示例，该干扰值可以由用户设备在向基站发送关于未授权频段的占用状况的信号时一起发送，也可以在装置300确定使用未授权频段进行通信之后再由用户设备进行上报。在功率调整单元301如上确定了基站的传送功率之后，基站和用户设备之间可以以该功率进行数据传输。
此外，如图7所示，装置300还可以包括在第二实施例中描述的调整单元201，其功能和结构与第二实施例中相同，在此不再重复。
装置300通过根据用户设备的分布状况和用户设备分别检测到的干扰来设置基站的发送功率，可以在保证通信质量的前提下，尽可能地降低功耗和减小对已经接入的通信系统的干扰。
<第四实施例>
下面将参照图9来描述根据本申请的一个实施例的用于无线通信的用户侧的装置400的结构。装置400包括：接收单元401，被配置为从服务于装置400的基站接收关于未授权频段检测的指令；检测单元402，被配置为检测未授权频段上的占用状况；以及发送单元403，被配置为根据检测单元402检测的占用状况向基站发送未授权频段状态指示信号(Unlincensed-band State Indication Signal，USIS)，其中，未授权频段的占用状况包括占用/空闲以及占用系统类型，占用系统类型包括非授权通信系统以及授权通信系统。
如第一实施例中所述，用户设备辅助进行未授权频段的检测，可以获得更为准确的未授权频段占用状况的信息。关于未授权频段检测的指令例如可以如第一实施例中所述，当然也可以具有其他的形式，只要可以触发检测单元402的检测即可。
作为示例，接收单元401可以通过在授权频段接收RRC信令来接收上述指令，也可以通过接收在授权频段的系统信息块SIB来接收上述指令。
在一个实施例中，检测单元402被配置为检测未授权频段上的干扰，在干扰低于预定门限时，发送单元403向基站发送未授权频段空闲的指示信号，在干扰高于预定门限时，检测单元402检测产生该干扰的占用系统类型，并且发送单元403向基站发送占用未授权频段的系统的占用系统类型指示信号。该预定门限例如可以为第一实施例中所述的门限TH，当干扰低于该门限TH时，说明其他通信系统的干扰非常小，可以忽略不计，因此装置400的通信系统可以占用该未授权频段，否则说明已经有其他的通信系统在使用该频段。此时，检测单元402需要辨别正在使用未授权频段的通信系统的类型。仍然以LTE系统和Wi-Fi系统为例，假定对于未授权频段而言Wi-Fi系统是授权通信系统，LTE是非授权通信系统，则检测单元402需要辨别已接入的通信系统是LTE系统还是Wi-Fi系统。
在一个示例中，非授权通信系统是LTE系统，检测单元402通过检测未授权频段上是否有PSS/SSS来区分非LTE信号和LTE信号以确定占用系统类型。具体地，当有PSS/SSS时，确定为LTE系统，否则为非LTE系统。
此外，检测单元402还可以被配置为检测在未授权频段上传输数据的通信系统的PCI(Physical Cell ID)，并且基于该PCI来判断在未授权频段上传输数据的通信系统与服务于装置400的基站是否属于相同运营商，以及，发送单元403被配置为在不属于相同运营商的情况下向基站发送未授权频段状态指示信号。而在属于相同运营商的情况下，由于同一运营商的基站之间可以直接协作，因此可以不必通过用户设备来传递信息。
图10示出了未授权频段状态指示信号的一个定义示例，其中，该未授权频段状态指示信号占用2比特，“00”表示没有检测到未授权频段被任何通信系统占用，“01”表示检测到未授权频段被授权通信系统(比如Wi-Fi系统)占用，“10”表示检测到已经有其他的非授权通信系统在使用未授权频段传输数据。在图10的示例中，“01”和“10”也可以称为占用系统类型指示信号。
当装置400已占用未授权频段进行通信时，检测单元402还被配置为周期性地检测其他通信系统在未授权频段上广播的请求接入未授权频段的请求接入信号。作为一个示例，该请求接入信号可以包含一个MBSFN子帧和DRS信号。
当检测到该请求接入信号时，发送单元403向基站发送表示其他通信系统请求接入未授权频段的指示信号。在图10的示例中，该指示信号可 以定义为未授权频段状态指示信号的“11”。如第二实施例中所述，当基站接收到该指示信号时，可以获知有其他非授权通信系统请求接入该未授权频段，从而可以对应地调整自身的传输模式来实现共同协作传输。
另一方面，例如当发送单元403向基站发送了USIS“00”时，或者当装置400对应的基站发送了请求接入信号得到响应后，接收单元401还被配置为从基站接收指示开始检测本小区未授权频段的发现参考信号DRS的指令。该指令例如可以为第一实施例中所述的UBDS“10”。如图11所示，装置400还包括同步单元404，被配置为基于DRS进行与基站的粗同步。可以理解，该同步单元404可以采用已有的任何同步技术来实现与基站的同步。
在第三实施例中，提到了在基站侧根据用户设备分布以及用户设备检测到的未授权频段的干扰来调整传送功率，因此，相应地，发送单元403可以被配置为在向基站发送未授权频段状态指示信号的同时发送所检测到的其他通信系统产生的干扰大小的信息。该信息用作确定传送功率的一个依据。
综上所述，根据该实施例的装置400可以检测未授权频段的占用状况并接收来自其他通信系统广播的请求接入信号，从而可以辅助完成对未授权频段的使用或协作使用。作为示例，装置400可以被实现为移动终端(诸如智能电话、平板个人计算机(PC)、笔记本式PC、便携式游戏终端、便携式/加密狗型移动路由器和数字摄像装置)或者车载终端(诸如汽车导航设备)。装置400还可以被实现为执行机器对机器(M2M)通信的终端(也称为机器类型通信(MTC)终端)。此外，装置400可以为安装在上述终端中的每个终端上的无线通信模块(诸如包括单个晶片的集成电路模块)。
此外，在以上实施例中，未授权频段仅有一个，但是上述实施例也可以适用于有多个未授权频段的情况，此时例如可以在关于未授权频段检测的指令中设置额外的字段来指定针对哪一个未授权频段。
<第五实施例>
在上文的实施方式中描述用于无线通信的基站侧和用户侧的装置的过程中，显然还公开了一些处理或方法。下文中，在不重复上文中已经讨论的一些细节的情况下给出这些方法的概要，但是应当注意，虽然这些方 法在描述用于无线通信的基站侧和用户侧的装置的过程中公开，但是这些方法不一定采用所描述的那些部件或不一定由那些部件执行。例如，用于无线通信的基站侧和用户侧的装置的实施方式可以部分地或完全地使用硬件和/或固件来实现，而下面讨论的用于无线通信的基站侧和用户侧的方法可以完全由计算机可执行的程序来实现，尽管这些方法也可以采用用于无线通信的基站侧和用户侧的装置的硬件和/或固件。
图12示出了根据本申请的实施例的用于无线通信的基站侧的方法的流程图，该方法包括如下步骤：向用户设备发送关于未授权频段检测的指令(S11)；从用户设备接收表示未授权频段的占用状况的信号(S12)；以及基于所接收的信号确定是否使用未授权频段进行通信(S13)，其中，未授权频段的占用状况包括占用/空闲以及占用系统类型，占用系统类型包括非授权通信系统以及授权通信系统。
作为一个示例，授权通信系统可以为Wi-Fi系统，非授权通信系统可以为LTE系统。
在步骤S11中，可以通过在授权频段的RRC信令发送所述指令，或者可以通过在授权频段的系统信息块SIB来发送所述指令。其中，具体的信令设置的示例在第一实施例中已经进行了详细描述，在此不再重复。
作为一个示例，在步骤S13中，当基于接收的信号确定未授权频段空闲的情况下确定使用未授权频段进行通信，处理进行到步骤S15，在步骤S15中，向用户设备发送开始检测本小区未授权频段的发现参考信号DRS的指令，该DRS用于用户设备进行粗同步。其中，基站周期性地在未授权频段上发送该DRS。
此外，在执行步骤S15之前，还可以执行步骤S14，其中根据基站对应的小区的各个用户设备的分布和各个用户设备检测的未授权频段上的干扰来调整基站的传送功率。通过包括该步骤S14，可以在保证通信质量的同时进一步降低能耗和减少对其他通信系统的干扰。
另一方面，在步骤S13中，当基于接收的信号确定未授权频段被授权通信系统比如前文中所述的Wi-Fi系统占用的情况下，确定不使用该未授权频段，处理结束。
而当在步骤S13中基于接收的信号确定未授权频段被非授权通信系统占用时，确定以协作方式与该非授权通信系统共同使用该未授权频段，处理进行到步骤S16，在步骤S16中，在未授权频段上广播请求接入信号。 该请求接入信号可以被已经接入未授权频段的非授权通信系统的基站或用户设备检测到。当其他非授权通信系统检测到该请求接入信号时，将改变其传输模式，以使得当前通信系统可以接入。在当前通信系统获准接入之后而在其能够传输数据之前，还要执行步骤S15的处理，即向用户设备发送开始检测本小区未授权频段的DRS的指令，以便用户设备和基站能够进行粗同步。
再次参照图12，该方法还可以包括步骤S11之前的步骤S21，其中，在发送所述指令之前确定未授权频段的干扰，并且在该干扰低于预定阈值时向用户设备进行未授权频段检测的指令。
此外，在该干扰高于预定阈值时，判断干扰来自非授权通信系统或授权通信系统，如果来自非授权通信系统，则在未授权频段上广播请求接入信号，即执行步骤S16的处理；如果来自授权通信系统，则向用户设备发送不进行未授权频段检测的指令或者不向用户设备发送关于未授权频段检测的指令。当执行步骤S16之后，类似地，在执行步骤S15之前，还可以执行步骤S14，其中根据基站对应的小区的各个用户设备的分布和各个用户设备检测的未授权频段上的干扰来调整基站的传送功率。
上述请求接入信号可以包括一个MBSFN子帧和DRS信号。在步骤S16中，还可以在一定范围内增大请求接入信号的功率，以使其被已经占用未授权频段的其他通信系统检测到。当请求接入信号的功率达到范围的上限而未被其他通信系统检测到时，停止发送该请求接入信号，并且确定不使用该未授权频段。
在基站对应的小区已占用未授权频段进行通信的情况下，如图13所示，上述方法还包括如下步骤：接收其他通信系统的接入请求信号或者从用户设备接收表示其接收到来自其他通信系统的请求接入信号的信号(S31)；以及调整基站对应的小区在未授权频段上的传输模式(S32)，以使得基站对应的小区与请求接入的其他通信系统在未授权频段上协作交替传输数据。
其中，在步骤S32中，可以在其他占用未授权频段的通信系统调整了传输模式时，相应地调整基站对应的小区在未授权频段上的传输模式。
在一个示例中，传输模式包括所设置的协作交替传输数据的周期以及周期中基站对应的小区用于传输数据的区间。基站对应的小区和请求接入的其他通信系统可以按照接入的先后次序占用周期中的各个区间。
上述方法还可以包括如下步骤：在基站对应的小区占用未授权频段进行通信且干扰变大为超过预定值的情况下，确定停止通信并且在未授权频段上通过广播发送请求接入信号。这一步骤例如在本基站为请求接入的其他通信系统的基站的隐藏基站而使得其他通信系统错误接入的情况下执行。
下面参照图14描述根据本申请的一个实施例的用于无线通信的用户侧的方法，该方法包括如下步骤：从基站接收关于未授权频段检测的指令(S41)；检测未授权频段上的占用状况(S42)；以及根据所检测的占用状况向基站发送未授权频段状态指示信号(S43)，其中，未授权频段的占用状况包括占用/空闲以及占用系统类型，占用系统类型包括非授权通信系统以及授权通信系统。
在步骤S41中，可以通过在授权频段的RRC信令接收所述指令，或者可以通过在授权频段的系统信息块SIB来接收所述指令。
在步骤S42中，可以检测未授权频段上的干扰，在该干扰低于预定门限时，在步骤S43中向基站发送未授权频段空闲的指示信号，在该干扰高于预定门限时，在步骤S42中还检测产生该干扰的占用系统类型，即判断其是授权通信系统还是非授权通信系统，在步骤S43中向基站发送占用系统类型指示信号。其中，占用系统类型指示信号可以是未授权频段状态指示信号的一部分，其具体示例已经在前面给出，在此不再重复。
作为一个示例，在步骤S42中，可以检测在未授权频段上传输数据的通信系统的PCI，并且基于该PCI来判断在未授权频段上传输数据的通信系统与服务于该用户的基站是否属于相同运营商，并且仅在不属于相同运营商的情况下执行步骤S43，这是因为同一运营商的基站之间能够直接进行协作而不需通过用户设备传递信息。
此外，在步骤S43中，还可以在发送未授权频段状态指示信号的同时发送所检测到的其他通信系统的干扰大小的信息，以便基站可以据此来调整传送功率。
在一个示例中，非授权通信系统是LTE系统，在步骤S42中可以通过检测未授权频段上是否有PSS/SSS来区分非LTE信号和LTE信号以确定占用系统类型。
如图14所示，上述方法还可以包括步骤S44：从基站接收指示开始检测本小区未授权频段的DRS的指令，以基于该DRS进行与基站的粗同 步。
此外，当该用户所在的小区已经占用未授权频段进行通信时，上述方法还包括步骤S45：周期性地检测其他通信系统在未授权频段上广播的请求接入未授权频段的请求接入信号。当检测到请求接入信号时，向基站发送表示其他通信系统请求接入未授权频段的指示信号。基站在收到该指示信号后，可以调整自身的传输模式，以与其他通信系统共同协作使用未授权频段。
如上所述，该请求接入信号可以包括一个MBSFN子帧和DRS信号。
通过使用上述方法，可以更准确地获取未授权频段的占用状况，并且实现了多个非授权通信系统在未授权频段上的共同协作。
以上已经描述了本申请的用于无线通信的基站侧和用户侧的装置和方法，下面为了便于理解，参照图15给出一个系统示例，其中，非授权通信系统为LTE系统，授权通信系统为Wi-Fi系统，LTE小区的基站和用户分别采用图3和图10所示的信令设置，基站1已经接入未授权频段，而基站2在此期间期望使用未授权频段的资源，竖直方向代表时间轴。应该注意，图15仅是一个示意图，并不表示严格的时序关系。
首先，基站2检测未授权频段的干扰，发现干扰低于预定门限，因此发送UBDS“01”给其用户，指示其进行授权频段检测。基站2的用户收到UBDS“01”后，开始检测周围该频段上的干扰，并且检测到该频段有一个PCI，则向基站2反馈USIS“10”，通知它当前该频段有其他LTE用户。基站2收到后，在未授权频段上广播发送URAS。这样，基站1或基站1的用户会检测到有另一个LTE用户正在请求接入该频段，在基站1的用户检测到的情况下，基站1的用户向基站1发送USIS“11”来通知基站1该信息。随后，基站1将其传输模式由UCT 1自动调整为UCT2，1，并且向其用户重新发送UBDS“10”以指示其重新检测DRS。
基站2在发送了URAS之后将监听该未授权频段，并且在检测到空白的期间发送自己的DRS。类似地，基站2也向其用户发送UBDS“10”以指示其开始检测DRS。最终，基站2以模式UCT 2，2传输。
应该理解，该系统示例并不是限制性的，仅是为了理解的需要而给出的。
以上结合具体实施例描述了本发明的基本原理，但是，需要指出的是，对本领域的技术人员而言，能够理解本发明的方法和装置的全部或者任何 步骤或部件，可以在任何计算装置(包括处理器、存储介质等)或者计算装置的网络中，以硬件、固件、软件或者其组合的形式实现，这是本领域的技术人员在阅读了本发明的描述的情况下利用其基本电路设计知识或者基本编程技能就能实现的。
本领域的技术人员可以理解，上文所述的装置中的例如确定单元、调整单元、功率调整单元等，可以由一个或更多个处理器来实现，而例如发送单元、接收单元、检测单元等，可以由天线、滤波器、调制解调器及编解码器等电路元器件实现。
因此，本发明还提出了一种电子设备(1)，包括：一种电路，被配置为：向用户设备发送关于未授权频段检测的指令；从用户设备接收表示未授权频段的占用状况的信号；以及基于所接收的信号确定是否使用未授权频段进行通信，其中，未授权频段的占用状况包括占用/空闲以及占用系统类型，占用系统类型包括非授权通信系统以及授权通信系统。
本发明还提出了一种电子设备(2)，包括：一种电路，被配置为：从基站接收关于未授权频段检测的指令；检测未授权频段上的占用状况；以及根据所检测的占用状况向基站发送未授权频段状态指示信号，其中，未授权频段的占用状况包括占用/空闲以及占用系统类型，占用系统类型包括非授权通信系统以及授权通信系统。
而且，本发明还提出了一种存储有机器可读取的指令代码的程序产品。所述指令代码由机器读取并执行时，可执行上述根据本发明实施例的方法。
相应地，用于承载上述存储有机器可读取的指令代码的程序产品的存储介质也包括在本发明的公开中。所述存储介质包括但不限于软盘、光盘、磁光盘、存储卡、存储棒等等。
在通过软件或固件实现本发明的情况下，从存储介质或网络向具有专用硬件结构的计算机(例如图16所示的通用计算机1600)安装构成该软件的程序，该计算机在安装有各种程序时，能够执行各种功能等。
在图16中，中央处理单元(CPU)1601根据只读存储器(ROM)1602中存储的程序或从存储部分1608加载到随机存取存储器(RAM)1603的程序执行各种处理。在RAM 1603中，也根据需要存储当CPU 1601执行各种处理等等时所需的数据。CPU 1601、ROM 1602和RAM 1603经由总线1604彼此连接。输入/输出接口1605也连接到总线1604。
下述部件连接到输入/输出接口1605：输入部分1606(包括键盘、鼠标等等)、输出部分1607(包括显示器，比如阴极射线管(CRT)、液晶显示器(LCD)等，和扬声器等)、存储部分1608(包括硬盘等)、通信部分1609(包括网络接口卡比如LAN卡、调制解调器等)。通信部分1609经由网络比如因特网执行通信处理。根据需要，驱动器1610也可连接到输入/输出接口1605。可移除介质1611比如磁盘、光盘、磁光盘、半导体存储器等等根据需要被安装在驱动器1610上，使得从中读出的计算机程序根据需要被安装到存储部分1608中。
在通过软件实现上述系列处理的情况下，从网络比如因特网或存储介质比如可移除介质1611安装构成软件的程序。
本领域的技术人员应当理解，这种存储介质不局限于图16所示的其中存储有程序、与设备相分离地分发以向用户提供程序的可移除介质1611。可移除介质1611的例子包含磁盘(包含软盘(注册商标))、光盘(包含光盘只读存储器(CD-ROM)和数字通用盘(DVD))、磁光盘(包含迷你盘(MD)(注册商标))和半导体存储器。或者，存储介质可以是ROM 1602、存储部分1608中包含的硬盘等等，其中存有程序，并且与包含它们的设备一起被分发给用户。
还需要指出的是，在本发明的装置、方法和系统中，各部件或各步骤是可以分解和/或重新组合的。这些分解和/或重新组合应该视为本发明的等效方案。并且，执行上述系列处理的步骤可以自然地按照说明的顺序按时间顺序执行，但是并不需要一定按时间顺序执行。某些步骤可以并行或彼此独立地执行。
最后，还需要说明的是，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。此外，在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个......”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
以上虽然结合附图详细描述了本发明的实施例，但是应当明白，上面所描述的实施方式只是用于说明本发明，而并不构成对本发明的限制。对于本领域的技术人员来说，可以对上述实施方式作出各种修改和变更而没有背离本发明的实质和范围。因此，本发明的范围仅由所附的权利要求及其等效含义来限定。

Claims (30)

  1. 一种用于无线通信的基站侧的装置，包括：
    发送单元，被配置为向所述装置所在的小区所服务的用户设备发送关于未授权频段检测的指令；
    接收单元，被配置为从所述用户设备接收表示未授权频段的占用状况的信号；以及
    确定单元，被配置为基于所述接收单元接收的信号确定是否使用未授权频段进行通信，
    其中，所述未授权频段的占用状况包括占用/空闲以及占用系统类型，所述占用系统类型包括非授权通信系统以及授权通信系统。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中，所述确定单元被配置为在基于所述接收单元接收的信号确定所述未授权频段被非授权通信系统占用的情况下，确定以协作方式与该非授权通信系统共同使用该未授权频段，以及所述发送单元被配置为在该未授权频段上广播请求接入信号，以及/或者，
    所述确定单元被配置为在基于所述接收单元接收的信号确定所述未授权频段被授权通信系统占用的情况下，确定不使用该未授权频段。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中，所述确定单元还被配置为在所述发送单元发送所述指令之前确定未授权频段的干扰，并且所述发送单元被配置为在所述确定单元确定所述干扰低于所述预定阈值时向所述用户设备发送进行未授权频段检测的指令。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的装置，其中，所述确定单元被配置为在确定所述干扰高于预定阈值时，判断所述干扰来自非授权通信系统或授权通信系统，
    所述发送单元被配置为在所述确定单元确定高于预定阈值的干扰来自非授权通信系统的情况下，在该未授权频段上广播接入请求信号，以及，
    所述发送单元被配置为在所述确定单元确定高于预定阈值的干扰来自授权通信系统的情况下不向所述用户设备发送关于未授权频段检测的 指令或者向所述用户设备发送不进行未授权频段检测的指令。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中，所述确定单元被配置为在所述未授权频段空闲的情况下确定使用未授权频段进行通信，所述发送单元还被配置为在所述确定单元确定使用未授权频段进行通信之后向所述用户设备发送开始检测本小区未授权频段的发现参考信号DRS的指令，所述DRS用于所述用户设备进行粗同步以及，所述发送单元还被配置为周期性地在该未授权频段上发送所述DRS。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中的任意一项所述的装置，其中，所述发送单元被配置为通过在授权频段的RRC信令发送所述指令。
  7. 根据权利要求1至5中的任意一项所述的装置，其中，所述发送单元被配置为通过在授权频段的系统信息块SIB来发送所述指令。
  8. 根据权利要求2或4所述的装置，其中，所述请求接入信号包含一个MBSFN子帧和DRS信号。
  9. 根据权利要求2或4所述的装置，其中，所述发送单元还被配置为在一定范围内增大所述请求接入信号的功率，以使其被已经占用未授权频段的其他通信系统检测到。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的装置，其中，当所述请求接入信号的功率达到所述范围的上限而其未被其他通信系统检测到时，所述发送单元停止发送所述请求接入信号，且所述确定单元确定不使用所述未授权频段。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中，所述确定单元被配置为在所述未授权频段空闲的情况下确定使用未授权频段进行通信，在所述装置所在的小区已占用未授权频段进行通信的情况下，所述接收单元还被配置为接收其他通信系统的请求接入信号或者从用户设备接收表示其接收到来自其他通信系统的请求接入信号的信号。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的装置，还包括：
    调整单元，被配置为在所述接收单元接收到其他通信系统的请求接入信号或者从用户设备接收到表示其接收到来自其他通信系统的请求接入信号的信号时，调整所述装置所在的小区在未授权频段上的传输模式，以使得所述装置所在的小区与请求接入的其他通信系统在未授权频段上协作交替传输数据。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的装置，其中，所述调整单元还被配置为 在其他占用未授权频段的通信系统调整了传输模式时，相应地调整所述装置所在的小区在未授权频段上的传输模式。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的装置，其中，所述传输模式包括所设置的协作交替传输数据的周期以及所述周期中所述装置所在的小区用于传输数据的区间。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的装置，其中，所述装置所在的小区与请求接入的其他通信系统按照接入的先后次序占用所述周期中的各个区间。
  16. 根据权利要求11所述的装置，其中，在所述装置所在的小区占用未授权频段进行通信且干扰变大为超过预定值的情况下，所述确定单元确定停止通信且所述发送单元被配置为在未授权频段上通过广播发送请求接入信号。
  17. 根据权利要求1至5中的任意一项所述的装置，还包括：
    功率调整单元，被配置为当所述确定单元确定使用所述未授权频段进行通信时，根据所述装置所在的小区的各个用户设备的分布和各个用户设备检测的未授权频段上的干扰来调整基站的传送功率。
  18. 一种用于无线通信的用户侧的装置，包括：
    接收单元，被配置为从服务于所述装置的基站接收关于未授权频段检测的指令；
    检测单元，被配置为检测未授权频段的占用状况；以及
    发送单元，被配置为根据所述检测单元检测的占用状况向所述基站发送未授权频段状态指示信号，
    其中，所述未授权频段的占用状况包括占用/空闲以及占用系统类型，所述占用系统类型包括非授权通信系统以及授权通信系统。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的装置，其中，所述检测单元被配置为检测未授权频段上的干扰，在所述干扰低于预定门限时，所述发送单元向所述基站发送未授权频段空闲的指示信号，在所述干扰高于预定门限时，所述检测单元检测产生该干扰的占用系统类型，并且所述发送单元向所述基站发送占用未授权频段的系统的占用系统类型指示信号。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的装置，其中，所述非授权通信系统是LTE系统，所述检测单元通过检测未授权频段上是否有PSS/SSS来区分非LTE信号和LTE信号以确定占用系统类型。
  21. 根据权利要求18所述的装置，其中，所述接收单元还被配置为从所述基站接收指示开始检测本小区未授权频段的发现参考信号DRS的指令，所述装置还包括同步单元，被配置为基于所述DRS进行与所述基站的粗同步。
  22. 根据权利要求18至21中的任意一项所述的装置，其中，所述接收单元被配置为通过在授权频段接收RRC信令来接收所述指令。
  23. 根据权利要求18至21中的任意一项所述的装置，其中，所述接收单元被配置为通过接收在授权频段的系统信息块SIB来接收所述指令。
  24. 根据权利要求18至21中的任意一项所述的装置，其中，当所述装置已占用未授权频段进行通信时，所述检测单元还被配置为周期性地检测其他通信系统在未授权频段上广播的请求接入未授权频段的请求接入信号。
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的装置，其中，当所述检测单元检测到所述请求接入信号时，所述发送单元向所述基站发送表示其他通信系统请求接入未授权频段的指示信号。
  26. 根据权利要求24所述的装置，其中，所述请求接入信号包含一个MBSFN子帧和DRS信号。
  27. 根据权利要求18至21中的任意一项所述的装置，其中，所述发送单元还被配置为在向所述基站发送未授权频段状态指示信号的同时发送所检测到的其他通信系统产生的干扰大小的信息。
  28. 根据权利要求19至21中的任意一项所述的装置，其中，所述检测单元被配置为检测在未授权频段上传输数据的通信系统的PCI，并且基于所述PCI来判断在未授权频段上传输数据的通信系统与服务于所述装置的基站是否属于相同运营商，以及，所述发送单元被配置为在不属于相同运营商的情况下向所述基站发送未授权频段状态指示信号。
  29. 一种用于无线通信的基站侧的方法，包括：
    向用户设备发送关于未授权频段检测的指令；
    从所述用户设备接收表示未授权频段的占用状况的信号；以及
    基于所接收的信号确定是否使用未授权频段进行通信，
    其中，所述未授权频段的占用状况包括占用/空闲以及占用系统类型，所述占用系统类型包括非授权通信系统以及授权通信系统。
  30. 一种用于无线通信的用户侧的方法，包括：
    从基站接收关于未授权频段检测的指令；
    检测未授权频段上的占用状况；以及
    根据所检测的占用状况向所述基站发送未授权频段状态指示信号，
    其中，所述未授权频段的占用状况包括占用/空闲以及占用系统类型，所述占用系统类型包括非授权通信系统以及授权通信系统。
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