WO2016059698A1 - 冷凍サイクル装置 - Google Patents
冷凍サイクル装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016059698A1 WO2016059698A1 PCT/JP2014/077527 JP2014077527W WO2016059698A1 WO 2016059698 A1 WO2016059698 A1 WO 2016059698A1 JP 2014077527 W JP2014077527 W JP 2014077527W WO 2016059698 A1 WO2016059698 A1 WO 2016059698A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- refrigerant
- refrigeration cycle
- hfo
- cycle apparatus
- refrigerating machine
- Prior art date
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- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 161
- FXRLMCRCYDHQFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene Chemical compound FC(=C)C(F)(F)F FXRLMCRCYDHQFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- RWRIWBAIICGTTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N difluoromethane Chemical compound FCF RWRIWBAIICGTTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- MIZLGWKEZAPEFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2-trifluoroethene Chemical group FC=C(F)F MIZLGWKEZAPEFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000010721 machine oil Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- -1 polyol ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001289 polyvinyl ether Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007323 disproportionation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 17
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 4
- CDOOAUSHHFGWSA-OWOJBTEDSA-N (e)-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound F\C=C\C(F)(F)F CDOOAUSHHFGWSA-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000106 Liquid crystal polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004977 Liquid-crystal polymers (LCPs) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004734 Polyphenylene sulfide Substances 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001060 Gray iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001315 Tool steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
- F24F1/06—Separate outdoor units, e.g. outdoor unit to be linked to a separate room comprising a compressor and a heat exchanger
- F24F1/26—Refrigerant piping
- F24F1/32—Refrigerant piping for connecting the separate outdoor units to indoor units
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
- C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
- C10M105/32—Esters
- C10M105/38—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
- C10M107/20—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M107/22—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M107/24—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an alcohol, aldehyde, ketonic, ether, ketal or acetal radical
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
- C10M107/20—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M107/30—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M107/32—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Polyesters; Polyethers
- C10M107/34—Polyoxyalkylenes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
- F24F1/06—Separate outdoor units, e.g. outdoor unit to be linked to a separate room comprising a compressor and a heat exchanger
- F24F1/14—Heat exchangers specially adapted for separate outdoor units
- F24F1/16—Arrangement or mounting thereof
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B31/00—Compressor arrangements
- F25B31/002—Lubrication
- F25B31/004—Lubrication oil recirculating arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
- F25B9/006—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant containing more than one component
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/10—Components
- C09K2205/12—Hydrocarbons
- C09K2205/126—Unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/22—All components of a mixture being fluoro compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
- C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
- C09K5/044—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds
- C09K5/045—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds containing only fluorine as halogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
- C10M171/008—Lubricant compositions compatible with refrigerants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/2835—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an alcohol or ester thereof; bound to an aldehyde, ketonic, ether, ketal or acetal radical
- C10M2209/043—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an alcohol or ester thereof; bound to an aldehyde, ketonic, ether, ketal or acetal radical used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
- C10M2209/1033—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/30—Refrigerators lubricants or compressors lubricants
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
- F04B39/06—Cooling; Heating; Prevention of freezing
- F04B39/062—Cooling by injecting a liquid in the gas to be compressed
Definitions
- HFO-1123 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene
- Patent Document 1 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123) (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- This refrigerant has the following advantages in particular. -Since the operating pressure is high and the volume flow rate of the refrigerant is small, the pressure loss is small and it is easy to ensure performance.
- -GWP is less than 1 and is highly advantageous as a measure against global warming.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus uses a mixed refrigerant in which 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene is less than 50 wt% in a state before being enclosed in the refrigerant circuit, and the 1,1, The amount of 2-trifluoroethylene is suppressed. For this reason, it is possible to suppress the disproportionation reaction of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene.
- the refrigerating cycle apparatus uses refrigerating machine oil adjusted so that difluoromethane is hardly dissolved. For this reason, it is possible to suppress an increase in the proportion of 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene in the mixed refrigerant even during operation of the refrigeration cycle apparatus.
- FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a refrigeration cycle apparatus 10 (during cooling) according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a circuit diagram of refrigerating cycle device 10 (at the time of heating) concerning an embodiment of the invention. It is a longitudinal section of compressor 12 concerning an embodiment of the invention. It is a figure which shows the melt
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the composition ratio of HFO-1234yf when each refrigerant constituting the mixed refrigerant is dissolved in the refrigerating machine oil 60 at the ratio of FIG. 4 and FIG.
- Embodiment. 1 and 2 are circuit diagrams of a refrigeration cycle apparatus 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 shows the refrigerant circuit 11a during cooling.
- FIG. 2 shows the refrigerant circuit 11b during heating.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus 10 includes refrigerant circuits 11a and 11b through which refrigerant circulates.
- the expansion valve 15 is an example of an expansion mechanism.
- the expansion valve 15 expands the refrigerant radiated by the condenser.
- the indoor heat exchanger 16 operates as a condenser during heating, and dissipates the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 12.
- the indoor heat exchanger 16 operates as an evaporator during cooling, and heats the refrigerant by exchanging heat between the indoor air and the refrigerant expanded by the expansion valve 15.
- the four-way valve 13 is not necessary.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus 10 further includes a control device 17.
- the control device 17 is, for example, a microcomputer. Although only the connection between the control device 17 and the compressor 12 is shown in the figure, the control device 17 is connected not only to the compressor 12 but also to each element connected to the refrigerant circuits 11a and 11b. The control device 17 monitors and controls the state of each element.
- the refrigeration oil 60 is enclosed in the refrigerant circuits 11a and 11b. Most of the refrigerating machine oil 60 is stored at the bottom of the hermetic container of the compressor 12 as described later.
- the refrigerating machine oil 60 is adjusted so that R32 is most difficult to dissolve among HFO-1123, R32, and HFO-1234yf. Further, in the present embodiment, the refrigerating machine oil 60 is adjusted so that HFO-1234yf is more easily dissolved than HFO-1123.
- a polyol ester can be used as the refrigerating machine oil 60 used in the present embodiment.
- the polyol ester is an ester bond of a fatty acid and a polyhydric alcohol (polyol).
- Fatty acid carbon number, fatty acid molecular structure (whether branched or unbranched fatty acid is used), polyhydric alcohol carbon number, and polyhydric alcohol molecular structure Adjusting the solubility (ease of dissolution) of the refrigerant in the polyol ester by adjusting whether to use a branched polyhydric alcohol or unbranched (straight chain) polyhydric alcohol) can do.
- the refrigerating machine oil 60 used in the present embodiment is not limited to the polyol ester, and polyvinyl ether or polyalkylene glycol can also be used.
- Polyvinyl ether is one in which an alkyl group is bonded to a side chain of a linear hydrocarbon by an ether bond. By changing the component of the alkyl group that is ether-bonded in the side chain, the solubility (ease of dissolution) of the refrigerant in polyvinyl ether can be adjusted.
- Polyalkylene glycol is one in which propylene oxide and ethylene oxide are linked in a chain by an ether bond.
- the amount of the mixed refrigerant and the refrigerating machine oil 60 before being enclosed in the refrigerant circuits 11a and 11b is set so that the mixed refrigerant has a weight ratio of 1 to 4 times that of the refrigerating machine oil 60. .
- the compressor 12 includes a sealed container 20, a compression element 30, an electric element 40, and a shaft 50.
- the sealed container 20 is an example of a container.
- a suction pipe 21 for sucking the refrigerant and a discharge pipe 22 for discharging the refrigerant are attached to the sealed container 20.
- the compression element 30 is stored in the sealed container 20. Specifically, the compression element 30 is installed in the lower part inside the sealed container 20. The compression element 30 compresses the refrigerant sucked into the suction pipe 21.
- the electric element 40 is also accommodated in the sealed container 20. Specifically, the electric element 40 is installed at a position in the sealed container 20 where the refrigerant compressed by the compression element 30 passes before being discharged from the discharge pipe 22. That is, the electric element 40 is installed above the compression element 30 inside the sealed container 20. The electric element 40 drives the compression element 30.
- the electric element 40 is a concentrated winding motor.
- Refrigerator oil 60 that lubricates the sliding portion of the compression element 30 is stored at the bottom of the sealed container 20.
- the compression element 30 includes a cylinder 31, a rolling piston 32, a vane (not shown), a main bearing 33, and a sub bearing 34.
- the rolling piston 32 has a ring shape.
- the rolling piston 32 moves eccentrically in the cylinder chamber.
- the rolling piston 32 is slidably fitted to the eccentric shaft portion 51 of the shaft 50.
- the shape of the vane is a flat, substantially rectangular parallelepiped.
- the vane is installed in the vane groove of the cylinder 31.
- the vane is always pressed against the rolling piston 32 by a vane spring provided in the back pressure chamber. Since the inside of the sealed container 20 is at a high pressure, when the operation of the compressor 12 starts, the force due to the difference between the pressure in the sealed container 20 and the pressure in the cylinder chamber is applied to the back surface of the vane (that is, the surface on the back pressure chamber side). Works.
- the vane spring is mainly used for the purpose of pressing the vane against the rolling piston 32 when the compressor 12 is started (when there is no difference in pressure between the sealed container 20 and the cylinder chamber).
- the material of the cylinder 31, the main bearing 33, and the auxiliary bearing 34 is gray cast iron, sintered steel, carbon steel, or the like.
- the material of the rolling piston 32 is, for example, alloy steel containing chromium or the like.
- the material of the vane is, for example, high speed tool steel.
- the electric element 40 includes a stator 41 and a rotor 42.
- the stator 41 includes a stator core 43 and a stator winding 44.
- the stator core 43 is manufactured by punching a plurality of electromagnetic steel sheets having a thickness of 0.1 to 1.5 mm into a predetermined shape, laminating them in the axial direction, and fixing them by caulking or welding.
- the stator winding 44 is wound around the stator core 43 in a concentrated manner via an insulating member 48.
- a plurality of notches are formed on the outer periphery of the stator core 43 at substantially equal intervals in the circumferential direction.
- Each notch becomes one of the passages of the gas refrigerant discharged from the discharge muffler 35 to the space in the sealed container 20.
- Each notch also serves as a passage for the refrigerating machine oil 60 returning from the top of the electric element 40 to the bottom of the sealed container 20.
- the rotor 42 includes a rotor core 46 and a permanent magnet (not shown).
- the rotor core 46 is formed by punching a plurality of electromagnetic steel sheets having a thickness of 0.1 to 1.5 mm into a predetermined shape, stacking them in the axial direction, and fixing them by caulking or welding. Produced.
- the permanent magnet is inserted into a plurality of insertion holes formed in the rotor core 46.
- a ferrite magnet or a rare earth magnet is used as the permanent magnet.
- the rotor core 46 is formed with a plurality of through holes penetrating substantially in the axial direction. Each through hole becomes one of the passages of the gas refrigerant discharged from the discharge muffler 35 to the space in the sealed container 20, similarly to the cutout of the stator core 43.
- a discharge pipe 22 having both axial ends opened is attached at the top of the sealed container 20.
- the gas refrigerant discharged from the compression element 30 is discharged from the space in the sealed container 20 through the discharge pipe 22 to the external refrigerant circuits 11a and 11b.
- Power is supplied from the power terminal 24 to the stator 41 of the electric element 40 via the lead wire 45.
- the rotor 42 of the electric element 40 rotates.
- the rotation of the rotor 42 causes the shaft 50 fixed to the rotor 42 to rotate.
- the rolling piston 32 of the compression element 30 rotates eccentrically in the cylinder chamber of the cylinder 31 of the compression element 30.
- the space between the cylinder 31 and the rolling piston 32 is divided into two by the vanes of the compression element 30.
- the shaft 50 rotates, the volume of these two spaces changes. In one space, the refrigerant is sucked from the suction muffler 23 by gradually increasing the volume.
- the volume of the gas refrigerant is gradually reduced to compress the gas refrigerant therein.
- the compressed gas refrigerant is discharged once from the discharge muffler 35 to the space in the sealed container 20.
- the discharged gas refrigerant passes through the electric element 40 and is discharged out of the sealed container 20 from the discharge pipe 22 at the top of the sealed container 20.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus 10 uses a high-pressure shell type compressor 12. That is, the refrigeration cycle apparatus 10 uses the compressor 12 in which the inside of the sealed container 20 becomes high temperature.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus 10 uses HFO-1123 as a refrigerant. For this reason, there is a concern that HFO-1123 undergoes a disproportionation reaction and explosion occurs due to the disproportionation reaction chain.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus 10 uses a mixed refrigerant in which HFO-1123 is less than 50 wt% in the state before being enclosed in the refrigerant circuits 11a and 11b, and the refrigerant circuits 11a and 11b The amount of HFO-1123 is suppressed.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus 10 can suppress HFO-1123 from causing a disproportionation reaction.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus 10 uses a refrigerating machine oil 60 that is adjusted so that R32 is hardly dissolved. For this reason, even during operation of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 10, it is possible to suppress an increase in the proportion of HFO-1123 in the mixed refrigerant.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment can suppress the disproportionation reaction of HFO-1123 even during the operation of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 10.
- the mixing ratio of R32 is a weight ratio of 0.7 to 2 times that of HFO-1123. For this reason, HFO-1123 and R32 can be in a pseudo-azeotropic state. Therefore, the refrigeration cycle apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment can further suppress the disproportionation reaction of HFO-1123 because the separation of HFO-1123 and R32 is suppressed.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus 10 mixes not only R32 but also HFO-1234yf in order to reduce the ratio of HFO-1123 in the mixed refrigerant. For this reason, GWP of a mixed refrigerant can also be reduced.
- composition ratio of the mixed refrigerant and an example of the amount of refrigerant dissolved in the refrigerating machine oil 60 will be introduced.
- the amount of each refrigerant (refrigerant constituting the mixed refrigerant) dissolved in the refrigerating machine oil 60 is HFO-1234yf> HFO-1123> R32.
- this state is that the dew point temperature of the mixed refrigerant is 40 ° C.
- a state is shown in which the refrigeration cycle apparatus 10 is operated at a temperature of 60 at 60 ° C. (in other words, the discharge superheat degree of the compressor 12 is 20 ° C.).
- the dissolved amount of HFO-1234yf is 38 parts by weight (point A).
- the amount of HFO-1123 dissolved is 33 parts by weight (point B).
- the dissolved amount of R32 is 17 parts by weight which is 21 parts by weight less than the dissolved amount of HFO-1234yf.
- the refrigerant circuits 11a and 11b are operated in the refrigeration cycle apparatus 10 during operation.
- the ratio of HFO-1234yf in the circulating refrigerant mixture does not become larger than the time when the refrigerant mixture is sealed in the refrigerant circuits 11a and 11b. Therefore, the performance of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 10 does not deteriorate.
- this state is stored in the compressor 12 with the dew point temperature of the mixed refrigerant being 60 ° C. It shows a state in which the refrigeration cycle apparatus 10 is operated at a temperature of the refrigerating machine oil 60 of 1000 ° C. (in other words, the discharge superheat degree of the compressor 12 is 400 ° C.).
- the dissolved amount of HFO-1234yf is 26 parts by weight (D point).
- the amount of HFO-1123 dissolved is 22 parts by weight (point E).
- the amount of R32 dissolved is 7 parts by weight, which is 19 parts by weight less than that of HFO-1234yf.
- the refrigerant is less likely to dissolve in the refrigerating machine oil 60. That is, during the overload operation in which the refrigerant temperature is higher than during normal operation, the amount of refrigerant that dissolves in the refrigerating machine oil 60 is less than during normal operation. For this reason, the ratio of HFO-1234yf increases in the mixed refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuits 11a and 11b during the overload operation as compared with the normal operation.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the composition ratio of HFO-1234yf when each refrigerant constituting the mixed refrigerant is dissolved in the refrigerating machine oil 60 at the ratio of FIG. 4 and FIG.
- the horizontal axis of FIG. 6 represents the weight ratio of the mixed refrigerant and the refrigerating machine oil 60 before being enclosed in the refrigerant circuits 11a and 11b (the weight of the mixed refrigerant / the weight of the refrigerating machine oil 60).
- the vertical axis of FIG. 6 represents the ratio of HFO-1234yf in the mixed refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuits 11a and 11b.
- Curve Y represents the composition ratio of HFO-1234yf during normal operation
- curve Z represents the composition ratio of HFO-1234yf during overload operation.
- the ratio of the mixed refrigerant to the refrigerating machine oil 60 is too small.
- the amount of change in the composition of the mixed refrigerant becomes too large and the composition of the mixed refrigerant becomes unstable, it becomes difficult to control the refrigeration cycle apparatus 10.
- the mixed refrigerant and the refrigerating machine oil 60 are enclosed in the refrigerant circuits 11 a and 11 b so that the mixed refrigerant has a weight ratio larger than four times that of the refrigerating machine oil 60, the ratio of the mixed refrigerant to the refrigerating machine oil 60 is Since it is too large, the amount of change in HFO-1234yf is less than 0.5 wt%. For this reason, the above-mentioned COP improvement effect and high pressure reduction effect are reduced.
- the ratio of HFO-1234yf increases too much, there is a concern that the performance of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 10 may deteriorate due to an increase in pressure loss.
- the ratio of HFO-1234yf is preferably 50 wt% or less.
- the dissolution amount of each refrigerant shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 is merely an example. Under operating conditions where the dew point temperature is 40 ° C. and the temperature of the refrigerating machine oil 60 stored in the compressor 12 is 60 ° C., the dissolution amount of HFO-1234yf is 30 parts by weight or more, and the dissolution amount of R32 is HFO-1234yf. By adjusting the refrigerating machine oil 60 so that the dissolution amount is 10 parts by weight or more less than the dissolution amount, the above effect can be sufficiently obtained.
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Abstract
Description
・R744:動作圧力が非常に高いため、耐圧確保の課題がある。また、臨界温度が31℃と低いため、空気調和機用途での性能の確保が課題となる。
・R717:高毒性であるため、安全確保の課題がある。
・R290:強燃性であるため、安全確保の課題がある。
・HFO-1234yf/HFO-1234ze:低動作圧で体積流量が大きくなるため、圧力損失増大による性能低下の課題がある。
・動作圧力が高く、冷媒の体積流量が小さいため、圧力損失が小さく、性能を確保しやすい。
・GWPが1未満であり、地球温暖化対策として優位性が高い。
(1)高温、高圧の状態において、着火エネルギーが加わると、爆発が発生する(例えば、非特許文献1参照)。
(1a)冷凍サイクル装置(特に、圧縮機)の内部に着火エネルギー(高温部)が発生し、不均化反応が起こる。
(1b)高温、高圧の状態において、不均化反応が連鎖して拡散する。
また、本発明に係る冷凍サイクル装置は、ジフルオロメタンが最も溶にくくなるように調整された冷凍機油を用いている。このため、冷凍サイクル装置の運転中においても、混合冷媒中に占める1,1,2-トリフルオロエチレンの割合が増加することを抑制できる。したがって、本発明に係る冷凍サイクル装置は、冷凍サイクル装置の運転中においても、1,1,2-トリフルオロエチレンが不均化反応を起こすことを抑制できる。
また、本発明に係る冷凍サイクル装置に用いられる混合冷媒は、ジフルオロメタンの混合比率が1,1,2-トリフルオロエチレンに対して0.7倍以上2倍以下の重量比となっている。このため、1,1,2-トリフルオロエチレンとジフルオロメタンとは疑似共沸状態とすることができる。したがって、本発明に係る冷凍サイクル装置は、1,1,2-トリフルオロエチレンとジフルオロメタンとの分離が抑制されるため、1,1,2-トリフルオロエチレンが不均化反応を起こすことをさらに抑制できる。
また、本発明に係る冷凍サイクル装置は、混合冷媒中の1,1,2-トリフルオロエチレンの割合を低下させるために、ジフルオロメタンだけでなく、2,3,3,3-テトラフルオロプロペンも混合している。このため、本発明においては、混合冷媒のGWPを低下させることもできる。
図1及び図2は、本発明の実施の形態に係る冷凍サイクル装置10の回路図である。図1は、冷房時の冷媒回路11aを示している。図2は、暖房時の冷媒回路11bを示している。
ポリオールエステル、ポリビニルエーテル及びポリアルキレングリコールの少なくとも2つを混合し、冷凍機油60としても勿論よい。
なお、HFO-1123を用いることによる地球温暖化係数(GWP)低減の効果を考えると、混合冷媒中のHFO-1123の比率は10wt%以上であることが好ましい。
Claims (5)
- 高圧シェル型圧縮機、凝縮器、膨張機構及び蒸発器が接続された冷媒回路と、
1,1,2-トリフルオロエチレン、ジフルオロメタン及び2,3,3,3-テトラフルオロプロペンが混合され、前記冷媒回路を循環する混合冷媒であって、前記冷媒回路に封入される前の状態において、前記1,1,2-トリフルオロエチレンが50wt%未満で、前記ジフルオロメタンの混合比率が前記1,1,2-トリフルオロエチレンに対して0.7倍以上2倍以下の重量比となる混合冷媒と、
前記1,1,2-トリフルオロエチレン、前記ジフルオロメタン及び前記2,3,3,3-テトラフルオロプロペンのうち、前記ジフルオロメタンが最も溶けにくくなるように調整され、前記冷媒回路内に封入された冷凍機油と、
を備えた冷凍サイクル装置。 - 前記冷凍機油は、前記2,3,3,3-テトラフルオロプロペンの方が前記1,1,2-トリフルオロエチレンよりも溶けやすく調整されている請求項1に記載の冷凍サイクル装置。
- 前記冷媒回路に封入される前記混合冷媒は、前記冷凍機油に対して1倍以上4倍以下の重量比である請求項1又は請求項2に記載の冷凍サイクル装置。
- 露点温度が40℃、前記高圧シェル型圧縮機内に貯留されている前記冷凍機油の温度が60℃となる運転条件において、
前記冷凍機油100重量部に対する前記2,3,3,3-テトラフルオロプロペンの溶解量が30重量部以上であり、
前記冷凍機油100重量部に対する前記ジフルオロメタンの溶解量が、前記2,3,3,3-テトラフルオロプロペンの溶解量よりも10重量部以上少ない請求項1~請求項3のいずれか一項に記載の冷凍サイクル装置。 - 前記冷凍機油は、ポリオールエステル、ポリビニルエーテル及びポリアルキレングリコールのうちの少なくとも1つである請求項1~請求項4のいずれか一項に記載の冷凍サイクル装置。
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EP14903899.4A EP3208555A4 (en) | 2014-10-16 | 2014-10-16 | Refrigeration cycle device |
CN201480082542.6A CN106796057B (zh) | 2014-10-16 | 2014-10-16 | 冷冻循环装置 |
AU2014408864A AU2014408864B2 (en) | 2014-10-16 | 2014-10-16 | Refrigeration cycle apparatus |
US15/506,399 US10393391B2 (en) | 2014-10-16 | 2014-10-16 | Refrigeration cycle apparatus |
PCT/JP2014/077527 WO2016059698A1 (ja) | 2014-10-16 | 2014-10-16 | 冷凍サイクル装置 |
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- 2014-10-16 CN CN201480082542.6A patent/CN106796057B/zh active Active
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KR20170041853A (ko) | 2017-04-17 |
EP3208555A4 (en) | 2018-05-30 |
JPWO2016059698A1 (ja) | 2017-04-27 |
JP6192851B2 (ja) | 2017-09-06 |
KR101892880B1 (ko) | 2018-08-28 |
CN106796057A (zh) | 2017-05-31 |
US20170328586A1 (en) | 2017-11-16 |
CN106796057B (zh) | 2019-10-25 |
AU2014408864A1 (en) | 2017-03-30 |
AU2014408864B2 (en) | 2018-01-18 |
US10393391B2 (en) | 2019-08-27 |
EP3208555A1 (en) | 2017-08-23 |
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