WO2016056650A1 - 植物のバイオマスを増大させる新規遺伝子及びその利用 - Google Patents
植物のバイオマスを増大させる新規遺伝子及びその利用 Download PDFInfo
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a novel gene that increases plant biomass, and more particularly, a plant into which the gene has been introduced, a method for increasing plant biomass using the gene, and a biomass increased using the gene.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a plant.
- Biomass is generally understood as an expression of the amount of organisms (bio) existing in a certain space at a specific point in time as the amount of substance (mass). Biomass is sometimes referred to as “biomass” or “biomass” in Japanese, and sometimes referred to as “standing ⁇ crop ”in ecology.
- the digitization of biomass is usually performed by mass or energy amount, but may be expressed by the dry weight of the corresponding organism per unit area. In biomass, plants are often used, and increasing the biomass of plants not only provides biofuels and renewable energy, but also stabilizes the food supply in terms of increasing crop production. It is also considered useful.
- Brassinosteroids are a group of compounds having a steroid skeleton, and a representative example is brassinolide.
- Brassinosteroids are: (i) promotion of elongation of stems, leaves and roots, (ii) promotion of cell division, (iii) promotion of differentiation from mesophyll cells into ducts or temporary ducts, (iv) ethylene synthesis. It has actions such as promotion, (v) seed germination promotion, and (vi) addition of resistance to environmental stress.
- Non-patent Document 1 Attempts have been made to increase the yield by introducing the brassinosteroid biosynthesis gene into rice using the physiological activity of such brassinosteroid.
- Non-patent Document 1 Attempts have been made to increase the yield by introducing the brassinosteroid biosynthesis gene into rice using the physiological activity of such brassinosteroid.
- the effect was not always sufficient.
- Several genes related to brassinosteroid synthesis and signal transduction have been identified so far, but the gene that sufficiently realizes the increase in plant biomass has not yet been identified.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to identify a novel gene that effectively increases plant biomass and to provide the gene together with its utilization technology.
- the present inventors screened Arabidopsis thaliana mutants based on the selection of the embryonic axis morphology of the seedlings in the dark and in the presence of brassinosteroid (Brz), an inhibitor of brassinosteroid biosynthesis. Attempts were made to isolate related genes. Specifically, mutants were screened using a method based on FOX hunting system (Full-length cDNA over-expression Gene Gene Hunting System) to search for related genes. As a result, a mutant with extremely strong brassinazole resistance was found, and further genetic analysis revealed that the bil7 (Brz-insensitive-long-hypocotyl 7) gene was involved in the mutation. .
- FOX hunting system Full-length cDNA over-expression Gene Gene Hunting System
- the present inventors further produced a construct that expresses the bil7 gene, and introduced it into a plant to produce a transformant that overexpresses the gene. And when the form of the said transformant was investigated, it became clear that growth was promoted compared with the wild body in various points, such as flower stem length. Based on these findings, the present inventors have completed the present invention.
- the present invention is preferably carried out in the following manner, but is not limited thereto.
- nucleic acid is a nucleic acid derived from a monocotyledonous plant or a dicotyledonous plant, and the plant is a monocotyledonous plant.
- a method for increasing plant biomass comprising introducing a nucleic acid encoding a protein into a plant, the protein comprising: Comprising the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1, An amino acid sequence having 25% or more identity or 75% or more similarity to the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 7 or 11, Said method characterized in that it has the activity of increasing the biomass of the plant.
- nucleic acid is a nucleic acid derived from a monocotyledonous plant or a dicotyledonous plant, and the plant is a monocotyledonous plant.
- a method for producing a plant with increased biomass comprising introducing a nucleic acid encoding a protein into the plant, wherein the protein comprises: Comprising the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1, An amino acid sequence having 25% or more identity or 75% or more similarity to the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 7 or 11, Said method characterized in that it has the activity of increasing the biomass of the plant.
- nucleic acid is a nucleic acid derived from a monocotyledonous plant or a dicotyledonous plant, and the plant is a monocotyledonous plant.
- a construct comprising a nucleic acid encoding a protein and a promoter, the protein comprising: Comprising the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1, An amino acid sequence having 25% or more identity or 75% or more similarity to the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 7 or 11, Said construct, characterized in that it has an activity of increasing plant biomass.
- a vector comprising the construct of any one of embodiments 13-15.
- a host cell comprising the vector of embodiment 16.
- nucleic acid is a nucleic acid derived from a monocotyledonous plant or a dicotyledonous plant, and the plant is a monocotyledonous plant.
- [Aspect 20] (1) a step of measuring the expression level of a protein or a nucleic acid encoding the same in a test plant and a wild-type plant, Comprising the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1, An amino acid sequence having 25% or more identity or 75% or more similarity to the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 7 or 11, Having the activity of increasing the biomass of the plant, the process, (2) A step of comparing the expression levels obtained in step (1), (3) selecting a test plant showing an expression level higher than that in a wild-type plant; A method for screening a plant with increased biomass, comprising:
- nucleic acid is a monocotyledonous or dicotyledonous nucleic acid and the plant is a monocotyledonous plant.
- [Aspect 24] (1) a step of measuring the expression level of a protein or a nucleic acid encoding the same in a test plant and a wild-type plant, Comprising the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1, An amino acid sequence having 25% or more identity or 75% or more similarity to the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 7 or 11, Having the activity of increasing the biomass of the plant, the process, (2) A step of comparing the expression levels obtained in step (1), (3) a step of confirming that the expression level in the test plant is higher than the expression level in the wild-type plant; A method for determining a plant having increased biomass.
- nucleic acid is a monocotyledonous or dicotyledonous nucleic acid
- the plant is a monocotyledonous plant.
- plant biomass can be effectively increased. Further, by using the present invention, it is possible to provide a plant in which biomass is effectively increased and a method for producing the plant, and further, a means useful for screening a plant in which biomass is increased, and a substance that increases plant biomass. Screening methods can be provided.
- FIG. 1 is a drawing showing br7-1D's resistance to brassinazole (Brz) under dark conditions. From FIG. 1, it is clear that bil7-1D shows Brz resistance in germination in the dark.
- A shows the state of hypocotyl elongation in Brz 0, 0.3, 1, 3 ⁇ M conditions on the 7th day in the dark.
- B shows the elongation length of the hypocotyl under conditions of Brz 0, 0.3, 1, 3 ⁇ M on the seventh day in the dark.
- C shows the elongation rate of the hypocotyl in the dark day 7 under conditions of Brz 0, 0.3, 1, 3 ⁇ M.
- FIG. 2 is a drawing showing the morphological characteristics of bil7-1D. From FIG. 2, it is clear that bil7-1D exhibits a growth promoting form.
- FIG. 3 is a drawing showing morphological characteristics of petals, pods and seeds of bil7-1D. From FIG. 3, it is clear that bil7-1D increases the seed weight.
- FIG. 5 is a drawing showing the expression levels of BIL7 candidate genes in bil7-1D on the 7th day in the dark. From FIG. 5, it is clear that high expression of BIL7 candidate gene is observed in bil7-1D.
- FIG. 6 is a drawing showing the Brz resistance and BIL7 expression level of a BIL7 high expression transformant (BIL7-OX) and a BIL7 expression suppression transformant (BIL7-RNAi) under dark conditions. From FIG. 6, it is clear that the higher the BIL7 expression level, the more hypocotyl elongation occurs in germination under dark Brz conditions.
- BIL7-OX BIL7 high expression transformant
- BIL7-RNAi BIL7 expression suppression transformant
- WT wild-type, BIL7-OX1, 2: 35S :: BIL7 overexpressor 1, 2, BIL7-RNAi: BIL7-RNAi suppressor.
- FIG. 7 is a drawing showing the morphological characteristics of BIL7-OX and BIL7-RNAi. From FIG. 7, it is clear that the line with higher expression level of BIL7 shows a flower stem elongation form at maturity.
- WT wild-type, BIL7-OX1, 2: 35S :: BIL7 overexpressor 1, 2, BIL7-RNAi: BIL7-RNAi suppressor.
- FIG. 7 shows the morphological characteristics of BIL7-OX and BIL7-RNAi.
- BIL7-OX shows an increasing tendency of the number of secondary flower stems and seed weight.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an increase in biomass in an OsBIL7 high-expressing transformant (OsBIL7-OX). A shows the result at T1.
- FIG. 10 is a drawing showing the grass appearance of an OsBIL7 rice transformant after 17 days of potting.
- FIG. 11 is a drawing showing the grass appearance of mature OsBIL7 rice transformants. In rice (variety: Yukihikari), the transformed OsBIL7 recombinant (left) was observed to be more vigorous than the control vector recombinant (right).
- FIG. 12 is a drawing showing the grass shape of a BIL7 rice transformant after 17 days of potting. In rice (variety: Yukihikari), the transformed BIL7 recombinant (left) was observed to be more vigorous than the control vector recombinant (right).
- FIG. 13 is a drawing showing the appearance of BIL7 rice transformants in the mature stage. In rice (variety: Yukihikari), the transformed BIL7 recombinant (right) was observed to be more vigorous than the control vector recombinant (left).
- the bil7 (Brz-insensitive-long-hypocotyl 7) gene is used as a nucleic acid that contributes to an increase in plant biomass.
- the bil7 gene is a gene involved in brassinosteroid signal transduction found from a mutant in which the length of the hypocotyl is found even in the presence of brassinosteroid (Brz), an inhibitor of brassinosteroid biosynthesis. Can be seen in plants.
- the nucleotide sequence of the bil7 gene and the amino acid sequence of the protein encoded by the gene that is, the BIL7 protein
- the protein in the present invention has a common motif of the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1 below. Have.
- SEQ ID NO: 1 Ala-Pro-Pro-Ser-Ser-Pro-Ala-Ser-X1-X2-X3-Ser-X4-X5-X6-Ser-X7-X8-X9-X10-Pro-X11-Gly-Pro-Tyr- Ala-X12-Glu-X13-X14-X15-Val-X16-Pro-Pro-Val-Phe-Ser-X17-X18-X19-Thr-X20-Pro-Ser-X21-Ala-Pro-X22-Thr- Pro-Pro-X23-Pro-Ser-Ser-Pro-X24-Val-Pro-X25-Ala-X26-Pro-X27-Ser-Pro-X28-Ser-Pro (Where X1 is Phe or Tyr, X2 is Phe, Leu, Thr or Ala, X3 is Gln, Pro, His or Asn, X4 is Glu, Gly, Asp, Ala or Met, X
- X11 is preferably 17 to 29 amino acid residues, more preferably 20 to 26 amino acid residues, and X23 is preferably 3 to 12 amino acid residues, more preferably 8 to 12 amino acids.
- X26 is preferably 23 to 49 amino acid residues, more preferably 23 to 30 amino acid residues, and X28 is preferably 5 amino acid residues.
- the plant having the BIL7 protein containing the above-mentioned common motif is not particularly limited.
- Arabidopsis thaliana soybean (Glycine max), rice (Oryza sativa), corn (Zea mays), radish (Raphanus sativus) , Poplar (Populus trichocarpa), grape (Vitis vinifera), Physcomitrella patens and the like.
- the nucleotide sequence of mRNA (and cDNA) encoding BIL7 protein of each plant and the amino acid sequence of BIL7 protein have been identified, and Genbank accession numbers are registered as shown in the following table.
- the BIL7 protein having the above-mentioned common motif includes homologues of the BIL7 protein of each plant.
- Arabidopsis thaliana BIL7 has three types of homologous proteins.
- the nucleotide sequence and amino acid sequence of mRNA (and cDNA) are registered with Genbank accession numbers as shown in the following table.
- the protein according to the present invention also contains 25% or more identity or 75% or more similarity to the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 7 or 11 on the basis of the Arabidopsis thaliana or rice BIL7 protein in addition to the common motif. It contains the amino acid sequence which has sex.
- the common motif that is, the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1 is an amino acid having 25% or more identity or 75% or more similarity to the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 7 or 11. Included in the sequence (in other words, the common motif (that is, the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1) is 25% or more identical to the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 7 or 11, or 75% or more.
- amino acid sequence identity refers to amino acid sequence identity between two proteins of interest, and in an optimal alignment of amino acid sequences created using mathematical algorithms known in the art. It is represented by the percentage (%) of matching amino acid residues.
- the identity of amino acid sequences can be determined by visual inspection and mathematical calculation.
- a homology search program for example, BLAST, FASTA
- a sequence alignment program for example, ClustalW
- processing software for example, GENETYX [registered trademark]
- the protein according to the present invention has an amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 7 or 11 and 25% or more, 30% or more, 40% or more, 50% or more, 60% or more, 70% or more, 80% or more, 85% or more, An amino acid sequence having 90% or more, 95% or more, 97% or more, 98% or more, or 99% or more identity can be included.
- the protein in the present invention includes, as a preferred embodiment, an amino acid sequence having 25% or more, 30% or more, or 40% or more identity with the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 7.
- the identity between Arabidopsis BIL7 protein and soybean, rice and corn BIL7 proteins is 44% (soybean BIL7), 41% (rice BIL7) and 40% (corn BIL7), respectively. Therefore, the protein in the present invention includes, as a preferred embodiment, an amino acid sequence having 40% or more identity with the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 7.
- rice BIL7 protein and soybean and corn BIL7 protein is 42% (soybean BIL7) and 85% (corn BIL7), respectively. Therefore, the protein in the present invention has, as one preferred embodiment, 40% or more, 50% or more, 60% or more, 70% or more, 80% or more, or 85% or more identity with the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 11. Amino acid sequence having
- the similarity of amino acid sequences refers to the similarity of amino acid sequences between two proteins of interest, and in the optimal alignment of amino acid sequences created using mathematical algorithms known in the art. Expressed by the percentage of amino acid residues that match and the percentage of amino acid residues that show similarity. The similarity of amino acid residues is indicated by the relationship of amino acid residues whose physicochemical properties are similar to each other.
- aromatic amino acids Phe, Tyr, Trp
- hydrophobic amino acids Asp, Glu
- fat Family amino acids Ala, Leu, Ile, Val
- polar amino acids Asn, Gln
- basic amino acids Lys, Arg, His
- acidic amino acids Asp, Glu
- amino acids belonging to the same group are understood to be amino acid residues similar to each other. Amino acid residues exhibiting such similarity are predicted not to affect the protein phenotype.
- Similarity of amino acid sequences can be determined by visual inspection and mathematical calculation as well as identity, and sequence similarity search programs well known to those skilled in the art (eg, BLAST, PSI-BLAST, HMMER), genetic It can be calculated using information processing software (for example, GENETYX [registered trademark]). Specifically, the similarity of amino acid sequences in this specification is determined by using GENETYX [registered trademark] network version ver. 11.1.3 (Genetics Co., Ltd.) and setting Protein vs Protein Global Homology as the default condition (Unit size to set compare to 2).
- the protein according to the present invention includes the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 7 or 11, and 75% or more, 80% or more, 85% or more, 90% or more, 91% or more, 92% or more, 93% or more, 94% or more, An amino acid sequence having a similarity of 95% or more, 96% or more, 97% or more, 98% or more, or 99% or more can be included.
- the protein in the present invention includes an amino acid sequence having 75% or more similarity with the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 7 as one preferred embodiment. Similarities between rice BIL7 protein and soybean and corn BIL7 proteins are 83% (soybean BIL7) and 97% (corn BIL7), respectively. Therefore, the protein in the present invention has, as one preferred embodiment, a similarity of 75% or more, 80% or more, 85% or more, 90% or more, 95% or more, 97% or more with the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 11. Amino acid sequence having
- the protein in the present invention includes the above-described common motif and includes an amino acid sequence having a predetermined identity or similarity with the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 7 or 11, and further increases plant biomass. It is characterized by having activity.
- the biomass of a plant intends an amount related to the whole plant, a part thereof, an individual organ, or a combination thereof.
- the whole, part, or individual organ of the plant individual include, for example, the whole, aerial part, root, stem, leaf, fruit, seed, embryo, ovule, ovary, shoot apex, bud, pollen, or ear. It is done. Of these, fruits, seeds, ears, roots, stems, leaves, or strawberries are preferred.
- the amount include number, size, length, width, weight, area, or volume.
- biomass examples include total weight, above-ground weight (for example, above-ground dry weight), yield, stem diameter, number of stems, culm length, plant height, leaf area, number of leaves, leaf length, leaf length, leaf width. , Number of persimmons, weight of persimmon (e.g., weight of persimmon, total weight of persimmon), number of seeds, number of tillers, number of ears, number of ears, number of seeds per head, seed rate, head length, maximum head length, Examples include, but are not limited to, single head weight or total head weight.
- “increase” may be any one of plant biomass as exemplified above as long as it is increased alone or in combination.
- the activity to increase the biomass of the plant is evaluated by, for example, using the control biomass (parent plant, non-transformant, wild type, etc.) as an index of increase and comparing it with the control in the mature plant. Can do.
- the control biomass parent plant, non-transformant, wild type, etc.
- the biomass can be quantified, the numerical value is compared, for example, 1% More than 3%, more than 5%, more than 10%, more than 15%, more than 20%, more than 25%, more than 30%, more than 40%, more than 50%, more than 60%, or more than 70% It can be determined to have an activity to increase the biomass of the plant.
- the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1 can be the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2 below.
- plants having a protein containing the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2 as a common motif include Arabidopsis thaliana, soybean, rice, and corn.
- homologues of BIL7 protein of these plants are also included in the protein having the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2.
- SEQ ID NO: 2 Ala-Pro-Pro-Ser-Ser-Pro-Ala-Ser-Phe-X29-X30-Ser-X31-X32-X33-Ser-X34-X35-X36-X37-Pro-X38-Ser-X39-X40- X41-X42-Gly-Pro-Tyr-Ala-X43-Glu-Thr-Gln-X44-Val-X45-Pro-Pro-Val-Phe-Ser-X46-X47-X48-Thr-Glu-Pro-Ser- X49-Ala-Pro-X50-Thr-Pro-Pro-X51-Pro-Ser-Ser-Pro-X52-Val-Pro-X53-Ala-X54-Pro-X55-Ser-Pro-X56-Leu-X57- Ser-Pro (Wherein X29 is Phe, Leu or Thr, X30 is Gln, His, Pro or Asn, X31 is Glu, Gly
- X38 is preferably 12 to 21 amino acid residues, more preferably 15 to 21 amino acid residues, and X51 is preferably 3 to 12 amino acid residues, more preferably 8 to 12 amino acid residues.
- X54 is preferably 23 to 35 amino acid residues, more preferably 23 to 30 amino acid residues, and X56 is preferably 3 or 4 amino acid residues, more preferably 3 amino acids. Residue.
- the protein in the present invention can also include an amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 3 below.
- the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1 or 2 is included in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 3 (in other words, the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1 or 2 is represented by SEQ ID NO: 3 Included (present) as part of the represented amino acid sequence).
- the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 3 is included in an amino acid sequence having 25% or more identity or 75% or more similarity to the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 7 or 11 (in other words, The amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 3 is included as a part of an amino acid sequence having 25% or more identity or 75% or more similarity to the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 7 or 11 (existing). )).
- plants having a protein containing the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 3 as a common motif include Arabidopsis thaliana and rice.
- X65 is Ser or Ala
- X66 is Asp or Glu
- X68 is Asp or Ser
- X69 is 5 to 10 amino acid residues
- X70 is Trp or Ala
- X71 is Asn or Asp
- X72 is Arg or Trp
- X73 is Trp or Leu
- X74 is Leu or Val
- X75 is Leu or Tyr
- X76 is Lys or Phe
- X77 is Ser or Gln
- X78 is Arg or Lys
- X79 is Gln or Asn
- X80 is Arg or Gly
- X81 is Lys or Arg
- X82 is Gly or Ser
- X83 is Asn or His
- X84 is Ser or Ala
- X85 is 20-25 amino acid residues
- X86 is Ile or Val
- X87 is Phe or Leu
- X88 Is Glu or Gly
- X89 is
- X59 is preferably 4 to 7 amino acid residues
- X69 is preferably 8 to 10 amino acid residues
- X85 is preferably 21 to 22 amino acid residues
- X97 is preferably 2 to 7 amino acid residues
- X102 is preferably 2 to 4 amino acid residues
- X105 is preferably 0 to 2 amino acid residues
- X110 is preferably 10 to 17 amino acid residues
- X118 is preferably 2 to 3 amino acid residues
- X121 is preferably 3 to 8 amino acid residues
- X128 is preferably 5 to 18 amino acid residues
- X129 is preferably 13 to 28 amino acid residues
- X130 is Preferably 1 to 2 amino acid residues
- X140 is preferably 5 to 24 amino acid residues
- X144 is preferably 7 to 22 amino acid residues
- X149 is Mashiku is 8-11 amino acid residues
- X157 is preferably from 4 to 11 amino acid residues.
- the protein in the present invention can also include an amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 4 below.
- the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1 or 2 is included in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 4 (in other words, the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1 or 2 is represented by SEQ ID NO: 4 Included (present) as part of the represented amino acid sequence).
- the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 4 is included in an amino acid sequence having 75% or more identity or 75% or more similarity to the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 7 or 11 (in other words, The amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 4 is included as a part of the amino acid sequence having 25% or more identity or 75% or more similarity to the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 7 or 11 (existing). )).
- plants having a protein containing the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 4 as a common motif include Arabidopsis and soybeans.
- SEQ ID NO: 4 Met-Arg-X160-Gly-Ala-Asn-Gly-X161-Asn-Asn-X162-X163-X164-Thr-Ile-Asn-Ala-Ala-X165-X166-Ile-Ala-Ser-X167- X168-X169-Arg-Leu-X170-Gln-X171-X172-Pro-X173-X174-X175-Lys-X176-X177-Trp-X178-Asn-X179-X180-Ser-X181-X182-X183-Cys- Phe-Gly-X184-X185-X186-X187-Arg-X188-Arg-Ile-Gly-X189-X190-Val-Leu-Val-Pro-Glu-X191-X192-X193-X194-X195-X196-X197- Asn-X198-Thr-X199-Ile-X
- X160 is preferably 0 to 1 amino acid residue
- X161 is preferably 0 to 3 amino acid residues
- X199 is preferably 7 to 9 amino acid residues
- X213 is preferably 4 to 7 amino acid residues
- X217 is preferably 6 to 10 amino acid residues
- X230 is preferably 4 to 5 amino acid residues
- X236 is preferably 3 to 6 amino acid residues
- X240 is preferably 3-9 amino acid residues
- X246 is preferably 5-9 amino acid residues
- X253 is preferably 3-7 amino acid residues
- X269 is preferably 2-12 amino acid residues
- X273 is Preferably 0 to 11 amino acid residues
- X276 is preferably 1 to 11 amino acid residues
- X280 is preferably 6 to 10 amino acid residues
- X284 is preferably Properly 2 to 8 amino acid residues
- X287 preferably 4-7 amino acid residues
- the protein in the present invention can also include an amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 5 below.
- the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1 or 2 is included in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 5 (in other words, the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1 or 2 is represented by SEQ ID NO: 5 Included (present) as part of the represented amino acid sequence).
- amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 5 is included in an amino acid sequence having 25% or more identity or 75% or more similarity to the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 7 or 11 (in other words, The amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 5 is included as a part of the amino acid sequence having 25% or more identity or 75% or more similarity to the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 7 or 11 (present) )).
- plants having a protein containing the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 5 as a common motif include rice and corn.
- SEQ ID NO: 5 Met-Gln-Ser-Gly-X294-X295-Met-Arg-Pro-Val-His-Asn-Ser-Val-Asp-Thr-Val-Asn-Ala-Ala-Val-Ala-Ile-Val- Thr-Ala-Glu-Ser-Arg-Thr-Gln-Pro-X296-Ala-Glu-X297-Arg-Arg-Lys-Trp-Ala-Asp-X298-Leu-Ser-Val-Tyr-Phe-Cys- Phe-Gly-Ser-Gln-Lys-Asn-Gly-Arg-X299-Arg-X300-X301-His-Ala-X302-Leu-Val-Pro-Glu-Pro-X303-Pro-X304-Arg-Thr- Asp-Ala-Pro-X305-X306-Glu-Ile-Pro-X307-His-Pro-
- X299 is preferably 0 to 2 amino acid residues
- X311 is preferably 1 to 2 amino acid residues
- X316 is preferably 1 to 2 amino acid residues
- X340 is preferably 0 to Two amino acid residues.
- nucleic acid encoding the above-described protein
- the nucleic acid means a polymer in which nucleotides are linked by a phosphate ester bond, and is used interchangeably with the terms polynucleotide and oligonucleotide.
- the structure of the nucleic acid is not particularly limited, and may be either single-stranded or double-stranded.
- Nucleic acids include deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), ribonucleic acid (RNA), and hybrids thereof (eg, DNA-RNA hybrid double strands, chimeric nucleic acids in which DNA and RNA are linked to a single strand).
- Nucleic acid constituent units mainly include purine bases such as adenine (A) and guanine (G) and pyrimidine bases such as thymine (T), cytosine (C) and uracil (U). These modifications are also included as long as translation is performed.
- the nucleic acid used in the present invention is preferably mRNA or cDNA encoding the protein of interest.
- the nucleic acid and protein in the present invention are not particularly limited as long as they increase plant biomass, but are preferably derived from dicotyledonous plants or monocotyledonous plants. Alternatively, it may be derived from Physcomitrella patens.
- dicotyledonous plants include Arabidopsis, soybean, radish, poplar, grape, cotton, rapeseed, sugar beet, tobacco, tomato, etc.
- Arabidopsis, soybean, and radish are preferable, and Arabidopsis, more preferably Soybean, more preferably Arabidopsis thaliana.
- Examples of monocotyledonous plants include rice, corn, wheat, barley, sorghum, sugar cane, onion, and the like. Among these, rice, corn, and wheat are preferable, and rice and corn are more preferable.
- BIL7 protein derived from various plants can be used.
- homologues of various plant-derived BIL7 proteins can be used as the protein in the present invention, and include, for example, the Arabidopsis BIL7 homologue protein (that is, the amino acid sequence represented by any one of SEQ ID NOs: 23, 25, and 27). Protein) may be used.
- the amino acid sequences of BIL7 proteins derived from various plants and homologs thereof for example, any one of SEQ ID NOs: 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 25, and 27
- a protein having an amino acid sequence in which one or several amino acids are deleted, inserted, substituted or added, and having an activity of increasing plant biomass is also included.
- several amino acids for example, 2 to 40, 2 to 30, 2 to 20, 2 to 10, 2 to 7, 2 to 5, 5, 4, 3, Means two amino acids.
- Amino acid deletions, insertions, substitutions or additions can be made using methods known in the art (eg, by modifying the nucleic acid).
- Such an amino acid sequence preferably includes the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1.
- Mutation can be introduced into the nucleic acid by the Kunkel method, the Gapped duplex method, or the like, for example, a mutation introduction kit using site-directed mutagenesis (for example, Transformer TM Site-Directed Mutagenesis). Kit (Clontech Laboratories, Inc.) or QuikChange Site-Directed Mutagenesis Kit (Agilent Technologies) can be used, and for introduction of mutations into nucleic acids, EMS (ethylmethanesulfonic acid), 5-bromouracil, Chemical mutagens such as 2-aminopurine, hydroxylamine, N-methyl-N'-nitro-Nnitrosoguanidine, and other carcinogenic compounds can be used, X-rays, alpha rays, beta rays, gamma rays Further, radiation such as an ion beam or ultraviolet rays can be used.
- site-directed mutagenesis for example, Transformer TM Site-Directed Mutagenesis. Kit (Clontech Laborator
- the amino acid sequences of BIL7 proteins derived from various plants and homologs thereof for example, any one of SEQ ID NOs: 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 25, and 27) 25% or more, 30% or more, 40% or more, 50% or more, 60% or more, 70% or more, 80% or more, 85% or more, 90% or more, 95% or more, 96% or higher, 97% or higher, 98% or higher, 99% or higher, or 70% or higher, 80% or higher, 85% or higher, 90% or higher, 95% or higher, 96% or higher, 97% or higher, 98 %, 99% or more of similarity, and proteins having an activity of increasing plant biomass are also included.
- the identity and similarity of amino acid sequences are as described above.
- Such an amino acid sequence preferably includes the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1.
- the nucleic acids encoding the protein are mainly SEQ ID NOs: 6, 8, 10
- a nucleic acid comprising a nucleotide sequence represented by any one of 12, 14, 16, 18, and 20 is used.
- a nucleic acid containing the nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 22, 24 and 26 is mainly used.
- nucleic acid comprising the nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24 and 26
- nucleic acid comprising a nucleotide sequence complementary to the nucleotide sequence
- a nucleic acid encoding a protein that hybridizes with a stringent condition and has an activity of increasing plant biomass is also included as one embodiment of the present invention.
- under stringent conditions means to hybridize under moderately or highly stringent conditions.
- moderately stringent conditions can be easily determined by those skilled in the art based on, for example, the length of the nucleic acid.
- Basic conditions are shown in Sambrook et al., Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, 3rd edition, Chapter 6, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 2001, for example, 5 ⁇ SSC, 0.5% SDS, 1.0 mM EDTA (PH 8.0) pre-wash solution, about 50% formamide at about 42 ° C., 2 ⁇ to 6 ⁇ SSC, preferably 5 ⁇ to 6 ⁇ SSC, 0.5% SDS (or about 42 ° C.
- hybridization solutions such as Stark solution in 50% formamide
- Other similar hybridization solutions such as Stark solution in 50% formamide
- cleaning conditions Preferably, moderately stringent conditions include hybridization conditions (and washing conditions) of about 50 ° C., 6 ⁇ SSC, 0.5% SDS.
- High stringency conditions can also be readily determined by those skilled in the art, for example based on the length of the nucleic acid.
- these conditions include hybridization at higher temperatures and / or lower salt concentrations than moderately stringent conditions (eg, containing about 0.5% SDS, about 65 ° C., 6 ⁇ SSC to 0. 2 ⁇ SSC, preferably 6 ⁇ SSC, more preferably 2 ⁇ SSC, more preferably 0.2 ⁇ SSC, or even 0.1 ⁇ SSC) and / or washing, for example hybridization as described above Defined with conditions and washing at approximately 65 ° C. to 68 ° C., 0.2 ⁇ to 0.1 ⁇ SSC, 0.1% SDS.
- moderately stringent conditions eg, containing about 0.5% SDS, about 65 ° C., 6 ⁇ SSC to 0. 2 ⁇ SSC, preferably 6 ⁇ SSC, more preferably 2 ⁇ SSC, more preferably 0.2 ⁇ SSC, or even 0.1 ⁇ SSC
- SSC (1 ⁇ SSC is 0.15 M NaCl and 15 mM sodium citrate) to SSPE (1 ⁇ SSPE is 0.15 M NaCl, 10 mM NaH 2 PO 4, and 1.25 mM EDTA, pH 7.4) can be substituted, and washing is performed for about 15 minutes to about 1 hour after completion of hybridization.
- hybridization kit that does not use a radioactive substance for the probe can be used.
- hybridization using an ECL direct labeling & detection system can be mentioned.
- ECL direct labeling & detection system manufactured by Amersham
- For stringent hybridization for example, 5% (w / v) Blocking reagent and 0.5M NaCl are added to the hybridization buffer in the kit, and the reaction is performed at 42 ° C. for 4 hours.
- a condition is that 20% is performed twice at 55 ° C. for 20 minutes in 4% SDS, 0.5 ⁇ SSC, and once at room temperature for 5 minutes in 2 ⁇ SSC.
- the identity of two nucleotide sequences can be determined by visual inspection and mathematical calculation, or more preferably, this comparison is made by comparing the sequence information using a computer program.
- a typical preferred computer program is the Wisconsin package, version 10.0 program “GAP” from the Genetics Computer Group (GCG; Madison, Wis.) (Devereux, et al., 1984, Nucl. Acids Res. , 12: 387).
- GAP Genetics Computer Group
- GAP GCG run of an unary comparison matrix for nucleotides (including values of 1 for identical and 0 for non-identical), and Schwartz and Dayhoff supervised “Atlas of Polypeptide Sequence and Structure” National Biomedical Research Foundation, pages 353-358, 1979, Gribskov and Burgess, Nucl. Acids Res. 14: 6745, 1986 weighted amino acid comparison matrix; or other comparable comparison matrix; (2) 30 penalties for each gap of amino acids and one additional penalty for each symbol in each gap; or nucleotide sequence Includes 50 penalties for each gap and an additional 3 penalties for each symbol in each gap; (3) no penalty to end gaps; and (4) no maximum penalty for long gaps.
- sequence comparison programs used by those skilled in the art are available, for example, at the National Library of Medicine website: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/blast/bl2seq/bls.html
- a BLASTN program, version 2.2.7, or UW-BLAST 2.0 algorithm can be used. Standard default parameter settings for UW-BLAST 2.0 are described at the following Internet site: http://blast.wustl.edu.
- the BLAST algorithm uses a BLOSUM62 amino acid scoring matrix and the selection parameters that can be used are: (A) Segments of query sequences with low compositional complexity (Woughton and Federhen SEG program (Computers and Chemistry, 1993); Woton and Federhen, 1996 “Analysis of compositional weight region in sequence database (Analysis of compositionally-biased in sequence data bases): 71-66”.
- E-score Karlin and Altschul, 1990
- the preferred E-score threshold value is 0.5 or, in order of increasing preference, 0.25, 0.1, 0.05, 0.01, 0.001, 0 .0001, 1e-5, 1e-10, 1e-15, 1e-2 A 1e-25,1e-30,1e-40,1e-50,1e-75 or 1e-100,.
- the present invention provides a construct comprising the above-described nucleic acid and promoter.
- the term “construct” refers to a conjugate in which a plurality of nucleic acids are linked.
- the above-described nucleic acids and promoters are included as structural units.
- the nucleic acid and the promoter do not need to be directly linked, and may be indirectly linked via another type of nucleic acid.
- the promoter is preferably operably linked to the nucleic acid of the invention. “Operably linked” means that the promoter is linked so as to exert its function, ie, transcription of the nucleic acid of interest.
- the promoter is not particularly limited as long as the target nucleic acid can be transcribed in plant cells.
- Examples of such promoters include cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter (CaMV35S), various ubiquitin promoters, various actin promoters, tobacco PR1a gene promoter, nopaline synthase gene promoter, napin gene promoter, oleosin gene promoter, and the like.
- a promoter having a function of allowing site-specific expression in plants can also be used.
- promoters that specifically express nucleic acids eg, rice psb0 gene promoter (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2010-166924)
- promoters that specifically express nucleic acids eg, Arabidopsis FA6 promoter ( Gupta et al. 2012 Plant Cell Rep. 31:) 839-850.
- Root-specific promoters e.g., RCc3 promoter (Xu et al. And promoters expressed in root, stem, and leaf vegetative organs (for example, Arabidopsis AS promoter: Non-Patent Document 1) and the like.
- an inducible promoter can also be used.
- promoters are expressed by external factors such as infection and invasion of filamentous fungi, bacteria, viruses, low temperature, high temperature, drying, ultraviolet irradiation, and spraying of specific compounds such as hormones such as auxin and brassinosteroid. Promoters and the like known to be known. Examples of such promoters include promoters of rice chitinase genes (XuXet al. 1996 Plan Mol. Biol. 30: 387) expressed by infection and invasion of filamentous fungi, bacteria, and viruses, and promoters of tobacco PR protein genes. (Ohshima et al.
- Vector The present invention provides a vector comprising the construct described above. That is, the present invention provides a vector comprising an operably linked promoter and the nucleic acid of the present invention.
- a vector can be conveniently prepared by ligating a desired nucleic acid to a recombination vector available in the art by a conventional method.
- a plant transformation vector is particularly useful when the plant biomass is increased using the nucleic acid of the present invention.
- the vector used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can be used to achieve the intended effect of the present invention in plant cells.
- pBI vectors include pBI121, pBI101, pBI101.2, pBI101.3, pBI221, and the like.
- a binary vector such as a pBI vector is preferable in that a target nucleic acid can be introduced into a plant via Agrobacterium.
- pBluescript vectors include pBluescript SK (+), pBluescript SK (-), pBluescript II KS (+), pBluescript II KS (-), pBluescript II SK (+), pBluescript II SK (-). Etc.
- pUC vectors include pUC19 and pUC119. The pBluescript vector and the pUC vector are preferable in that a nucleic acid can be directly introduced into a plant.
- binary vectors such as pGreen series (www.pgreen.ac.uk) and pCAMBIA series (www.cambia.org), pSB11 (Komari et al, 1996, Plan J, 10: 165-174), pSB200 (Komori) et al, 2004, Plant 37, 37: 315-325) and the like can also be preferably used.
- the vector preferably includes a transcription terminator sequence including a polyadenylation site necessary for the stabilization of the transcript.
- a transcription terminator sequence including a polyadenylation site necessary for the stabilization of the transcript.
- One skilled in the art can appropriately select a transcription terminator sequence.
- the transcription terminator sequence is not particularly limited as long as it has a function as a transcription termination site, and may be a known one.
- the transcription terminator sequence can be selected according to the promoter to be used.
- the transcription termination region of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S (CaMV35S terminator) the transcription termination region of the nopaline synthase gene (Nos terminator), and the like can be used.
- CaMV35S terminator the transcription termination region of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S
- Nos terminator nopaline synthase gene
- the above-described recombinant expression vector by arranging the transcription terminator sequence at an appropriate position, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of a phenomenon of unnecessarily synthesizing a long transcript after being introduced into a plant cell.
- the recombinant expression vector may further contain other nucleic acid segments.
- the other nucleic acid segment is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a transformant selection marker, an enhancer, and a base sequence for improving translation efficiency.
- the recombinant expression vector may further have a T-DNA region.
- the T-DNA region can increase the efficiency of gene transfer particularly when Agrobacterium is used to introduce the recombinant expression vector into a plant body.
- a drug resistance gene can be used as a transformant selection marker.
- drug resistance genes include, for example, drug resistance genes for hygromycin, bleomycin, kanamycin, gentamicin, chloramphenicol, etc. (neomycin phosphotransferase that is resistant to the antibiotics kanamycin or gentamicin. Gene, hygromycin phosphotransferase gene, which is resistant to hygromycin).
- a phosphinothricin acetyltransferase gene resistant to the herbicide phosphinothricin can be used. Thereby, the transformed plant body can be easily selected by selecting the plant body that grows in the medium containing the antibiotic or the herbicide.
- nucleotide sequences for improving translation efficiency include omega sequences derived from tobacco mosaic virus. By placing this omega sequence in the untranslated region (5′UTR) of the promoter, the translation efficiency of the fusion gene can be increased.
- examples of the enhancer include an enhancer region including an upstream sequence in the CaMV35S promoter.
- various nucleic acid segments can be included in the recombinant expression vector according to the purpose.
- the method for constructing the recombinant expression vector is also not particularly limited, and the nucleic acid, promoter, and terminator sequences in the present invention, and other DNA segments as required are preliminarily added to the appropriately selected parent vector. What is necessary is just to introduce so that it may become an order.
- a method of cleaving the purified nucleic acid with a suitable restriction enzyme and inserting it into a restriction enzyme site or a multicloning site of a suitable vector is used according to a conventional method ( For example, Molecular Cloning, 5.61-5.63).
- the present invention provides a host cell (in other words, a host cell into which the nucleic acid of the present invention has been introduced) comprising the above-described vector.
- the host cell of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably a plant cell.
- the plant cells include various forms of plant cells such as suspension culture cells, protoplasts, cells in plants, and the like.
- Plant cells are not particularly limited, but dicotyledonous or monocotyledonous cells can be used.
- dicotyledonous plants include Arabidopsis, soybean, cotton, rapeseed, sugar beet, tobacco, tomato, radish, grape, poplar, etc.
- Arabidopsis, soybean, cotton, rapeseed, tobacco and tomato are preferred.
- Preferred are Arabidopsis, soybean, cotton and rapeseed.
- Examples of monocotyledonous plants include rice, corn, wheat, barley, sorghum, sugar cane, onion, and the like. Among these, rice, corn, wheat, and sorghum are preferred, and rice and corn are more preferred.
- Nucleic acids derived from various plant species can also be used in the present invention, and in the present invention, the plant species from which the nucleic acid is derived may coincide with the plant species from which the host cell (plant cell) is derived, or It may be different. That is, the present invention relates to a host cell (plant cell) introduced with a nucleic acid derived from the same plant species as the plant species of the host cell (plant cell) or a vector containing the same, and the plant species of the host cell (plant cell) Can provide any of host cells (plant cells) introduced with nucleic acids derived from different plant species or vectors containing the same.
- a host cell of the dicotyledonous plant may be selected, and when the plant from which the nucleic acid is derived is a monocotyledonous plant, A cotyledon host cell may be selected.
- the nucleic acid is incorporated into an appropriate vector, for example, polyethylene glycol method, Agrobacterium method, liposome method, cationic liposome method, calcium phosphate precipitation method, electric pulse perforation method. (Electroporation) (Current protocols in Molecular Biology edit. Ausubel et al. (1987) Publish. John Wiley & Sons.Section 9.1-9.9), lipofection method (GIBCO-BRL), microinjection method, particle gun method And the like, and a method for introduction into a living body by a method known to those skilled in the art.
- the Agrobacterium method can be preferably used.
- the nucleic acid When introducing a nucleic acid into a plant cell, the nucleic acid can be directly introduced using a microinjection method, electroporation method, polyethylene glycol method, etc., but it is incorporated into a plasmid for gene introduction into a plant, A vector can also be indirectly introduced into a plant cell via a virus or bacterium capable of infecting a plant. Examples of such viruses include cauliflower mosaic virus, tobacco mosaic virus, gemini virus, and the like as typical viruses, and examples of bacteria include Agrobacterium. When introducing a gene into a plant by the Agrobacterium method, a commercially available plasmid can be used.
- the present invention provides a plant into which the above vector has been introduced (in other words, a plant into which the nucleic acid according to the present invention has been introduced).
- the host cell of the present invention is a plant cell
- the plant cell is included in the plant of the present invention (transformed plant).
- the plant of the present invention includes not only plant cells but also whole plant bodies, plant organs (for example, roots, stems, leaves, petals, seeds, fruits, mature embryos, immature embryos, ovules, ovaries, shoot tips, cocoons, Pollen, etc.), plant tissues (eg, epidermis, phloem, soft tissue, xylem, vascular bundle, etc.), any of these sections, callus, shoot primordia, seedlings, polyblasts, hairy roots, cultured roots, etc. Is also included.
- plant organs for example, roots, stems, leaves, petals, seeds, fruits, mature embryos, immature embryos, ovules, ovaries, shoot tips, cocoons, Pollen, etc.
- plant tissues eg, epidermis, phloem, soft tissue, xylem, vascular bundle, etc.
- any of these sections callus, shoot primordia, seedlings, polyblast
- the plant of the present invention is a dicotyledonous plant or a monocotyledonous plant.
- the dicotyledonous plants include Arabidopsis, soybean, cotton, rapeseed, sugar beet, tobacco, tomato, radish, grape, poplar, etc.
- Arabidopsis, soybean, cotton, rapeseed, tobacco and tomato are preferred.
- Preferred are Arabidopsis, soybean, cotton and rapeseed.
- Examples of monocotyledonous plants include rice, corn, wheat, barley, sorghum, sugar cane, onion, and the like. Among these, rice, corn, wheat, and sorghum are preferred, and rice and corn are more preferred.
- the species may be the same as or different from the plant species from which the nucleic acid to be introduced is derived. That is, the present invention relates to a plant into which a nucleic acid derived from a plant of the same species or a vector containing the same has been introduced (a plant into which a nucleic acid or a vector containing the same has been introduced, wherein the species of the plant is derived from the nucleic acid.
- the plant that is the same as the plant species, and a plant into which a nucleic acid derived from a plant of a different species or a vector containing the same has been introduced (a plant into which a nucleic acid or a vector containing the same has been introduced, Any of the above-mentioned plants that are different from the plant species from which the nucleic acid is derived can be provided.
- the introduction destination plant may be a dicotyledonous plant
- the plant from which the nucleic acid is derived is a monocotyledonous plant
- the previous plant may be a monocotyledonous plant.
- the present invention can provide the following plants.
- a dicotyledonous plant into which a nucleic acid derived from a monocotyledonous plant or a vector containing the nucleic acid has been introduced.
- a monocotyledonous plant introduced with a nucleic acid derived from a monocotyledonous plant or a vector containing the nucleic acid preferably (I) a monocotyledonous plant introduced with a nucleic acid derived from a monocotyledonous plant or a vector containing the nucleic acid, (Ii) a monocotyledonous plant introduced with a nucleic acid derived from a dicotyledonous plant or a vector containing the same, and (iii) a dicotyledonous plant introduced with a nucleic acid derived from a dicotyledonous plant or a vector containing the same, And more preferably (I) a monocotyledonous plant into which a nucleic acid derived from a monocotyledonous plant or
- the plant of the present invention includes a plant grown with plant cells introduced with the nucleic acid of the present invention or a vector containing the same, a plant that is a progeny, descendant or clone of the plant, and a propagation material thereof (for example, , Seeds, fruits, cuttings, tubers, tuberous roots, strains, callus, protoplasts, etc.).
- a propagation material thereof for example, , Seeds, fruits, cuttings, tubers, tuberous roots, strains, callus, protoplasts, etc.
- Regeneration of plant bodies from transformed plant cells can be performed by methods known to those skilled in the art depending on the type of plant cells.
- the above technique has already been established and widely used in the technical field of the present invention, and the above method can be suitably used in the present invention.
- the method of regenerating a plant body by redifferentiating transformed plant cells differs depending on the type of plant cell.
- the method of Fujimura et al. (PlantPlanTissue Culture Lett. 2:74 (1995))
- Examples of corn include the method of Shillito et al. (Bio / Technology 7: 581 (1989)) and the method of Gorden-Kamm et al. (Plant Cell 2: 603 (1990)).
- the presence of the introduced foreign nucleic acid in the transformed plant that has been regenerated and cultivated by the above method is confirmed by a known PCR method or Southern hybridization method, or by analyzing the base sequence of DNA in the plant body. can do.
- extraction of DNA from the transformed plant can be carried out according to a known method of J. Sambrook et al. (Molecular Cloning, 2nd edition, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 1989).
- an amplification reaction is performed using the DNA extracted from the regenerated plant as a template as described above.
- the nucleic acid of the present invention or a synthesized oligonucleotide having a nucleotide sequence appropriately selected according to the nucleotide sequence of the modified nucleic acid can be used as a primer, and an amplification reaction can be carried out in a reaction mixture in which these are mixed. .
- amplification reaction when DNA denaturation, annealing, and extension reactions are repeated several tens of times, an amplification product of a DNA fragment containing the nucleotide sequence of the target nucleic acid can be obtained.
- reaction solution containing the amplified product is subjected to, for example, agarose electrophoresis, it is possible to confirm that the amplified DNA fragments are fractionated and that the DNA fragments correspond to the gene of the present invention.
- the present invention includes a plant cell into which the nucleic acid according to the present invention or a recombinant expression vector containing the same is introduced, a plant body containing the cell, a progeny and clone of the plant body, and a plant body, its progeny and clone Contains breeding material.
- a progeny plant such as “T0 generation” which is a regenerated generation that has undergone transformation treatment or “T1 generation” which is a seed of a T0 generation plant, or a hybrid plant mated with them as one parent And its progeny plants.
- the plant of the present invention includes a native promoter that controls the bil7 gene of a wild-type plant (including plants into which the nucleic acid of the present invention (for example, bil7 gene) has not been introduced from the outside). Also included are so-called “site-specific transformants” substituted with the various promoters described above. Such a plant has a characteristic that biomass is increased by increasing the expression of the bil7 gene originally possessed by the replaced promoter. In the present invention, as a result, a plant in which a predetermined nucleic acid (for example, bil7 gene) is strongly expressed (overexpressed) in the plant is included as one aspect. Therefore, such a site-specific transformant is also a subject of the present invention. Can be. As a method for producing such a plant, known genome editing techniques such as the CRISPR method, the ZFN method, and the TAL effector nuclease (TALEN) method can be used.
- the transformed plant produced in this manner is expected to have an advantageous characteristic that biomass is increased as compared with a normal plant.
- the plant used as a subject to be transformed in the present invention is not particularly limited, and various transformed plants with increased biomass can be produced by the method of the present invention.
- the present invention provides a method for increasing plant biomass comprising the step of introducing the above-described nucleic acid into a plant. More specifically, the method of the present invention comprises a step of producing a vector comprising the nucleic acid of the present invention and a promoter operably linked thereto, a step of introducing the vector into a host cell (plant cell), and a nucleic acid.
- This is a method for increasing plant biomass, comprising the step of regenerating a plant from a plant cell into which is introduced.
- the method of the present invention can be obtained by utilizing the activity of increasing the plant biomass of the protein encoded by the nucleic acid of the present invention.
- nucleic acid not only the above nucleic acid but also a vector containing the nucleic acid may be introduced into the plant.
- the method for introducing a nucleic acid or a vector containing the nucleic acid into a plant is as described above, and the nucleic acid can be introduced into a plant through introduction into a host cell (plant cell).
- the types of plants targeted by the method of the present invention and the relationship with the plant species from which the nucleic acid to be introduced is derived are as described above, and other terms, materials, techniques, etc. to be considered in the method are also included. Interpreted according to the above explanations and definitions.
- the present invention provides a method for producing a plant with increased biomass, including the step of introducing the above-described nucleic acid into a plant. More specifically, the method of the present invention comprises a step of producing a vector comprising the nucleic acid of the present invention and a promoter operably linked thereto, a step of introducing the vector into a host cell (plant cell), and a nucleic acid.
- This is a method for producing a plant with increased biomass, comprising a step of regenerating a plant from a plant cell into which is introduced.
- the method of the present invention can be obtained by utilizing the activity of increasing the plant biomass of the protein encoded by the nucleic acid of the present invention.
- nucleic acid not only the above nucleic acid but also a vector containing the nucleic acid may be introduced into the plant.
- the method for introducing a nucleic acid or a vector containing the nucleic acid into a plant is as described above, and the nucleic acid can be introduced into a plant through introduction into a host cell (plant cell).
- the types of plants targeted by the method of the present invention and the relationship with the plant species from which the nucleic acid to be introduced is derived are as described above, and other terms, materials, techniques, etc. to be considered in the method are also included. Interpreted according to the above explanations and definitions.
- the present invention provides a screening method for plants with increased biomass using the protein or nucleic acid described above, and the method includes the following steps. (1) a step of measuring the expression level of the protein of the present invention or a nucleic acid encoding the same in a test plant and a wild type plant, (2) A step of comparing the expression levels obtained in step (1), and (3) a step of selecting a test plant that shows an expression level higher than that in a wild type plant.
- the form of the plant targeted in the screening method of the present invention includes not only plant cells but also the whole plant, plant organs (for example, roots, stems, leaves, petals, seeds, fruits, mature embryos, as described above. , Immature embryo, ovule, ovary, shoot tip, bud, pollen, etc.), plant tissue (eg, epidermis, phloem, soft tissue, xylem, vascular bundle, etc.), these slices, callus, shoot primordia, seedling.
- polyblasts, hairy roots, cultured roots, and the like are included, but from the viewpoint of performing screening, these are particularly preferably in a state before the plant becomes a mature body or in a young state. Therefore, seeds (ripe seeds, immature seeds), mature embryos, immature embryos, callus, shoots, seedlings, and the like are particularly preferred plant forms in the screening method of the present invention.
- a wild-type plant is a phenotypic strain or individual found most frequently among target plants, and refers to a plant species that has not been subjected to any genetic manipulation. Any of the above forms can be used as the form of the wild type plant, but it is preferable to match the form of the test plant.
- a method for measuring the expression level of protein or nucleic acid a method well known in the art can be used.
- proteins are extracted from plants, antibodies against the proteins in the present invention (for example, BIL7 proteins of various plants) are prepared or obtained, and Western blotting, immunoassay (ELISA, etc.) or these using these antibodies
- the expression level can be measured by performing the method according to the above.
- the antibody used may be either a monoclonal antibody or a polyclonal antibody, and the antibody may be an antibody molecule itself or a fragment such as Fab, Fab ′, or F (ab ′) 2. There may be.
- known isotopes, enzymes, fluorescent substances, luminescent substances and the like are used.
- RNA is extracted from a plant, and a primer that can specifically amplify the nucleic acid based on the nucleotide sequence of the nucleic acid in the present invention (for example, bil7 gene of various plants), or specific A probe that can be detected in this manner is prepared or obtained, and the expression level thereof can be measured by performing RT-PCR, Northern blotting or a method according to these using the primer or probe.
- a primer that can specifically amplify the nucleic acid based on the nucleotide sequence of the nucleic acid in the present invention (for example, bil7 gene of various plants), or specific A probe that can be detected in this manner is prepared or obtained, and the expression level thereof can be measured by performing RT-PCR, Northern blotting or a method according to these using the primer or probe.
- the expression level of protein or nucleic acid may be qualitative or quantitative, but is preferably quantified as a numerical value (measurement value).
- the expression level obtained from the test plant and the wild type plant can be compared with each other, and when the expression level in the test plant is higher than the expression level in the wild type plant, it can be determined that the biomass of the plant increases. By selecting a test plant, it is possible to screen for a plant having an increased plant biomass.
- the present invention provides a method for determining a plant with increased biomass using the protein or nucleic acid described above, and the method includes the following steps. (1) a step of measuring the expression level of the protein of the present invention or a nucleic acid encoding the same in a test plant and a wild type plant, (2) A step of comparing the expression levels obtained in step (1), and (3) a step of confirming that the expression level in the test plant is higher than the expression level in the wild type plant.
- the determination method of the present invention is synonymous with using the protein or nucleic acid of the present invention as a marker (protein marker or nucleic acid marker). That is, when the protein or nucleic acid in the present invention is detected in a plant and the expression level is higher than the expression level in the wild type, the plant is expected to increase the plant biomass.
- the form of the plant targeted in the determination method of the present invention is the same as the above-described screening method, and includes all the parts exemplified above as the form, but in particular, the state before the plant becomes a mature body, Or the form in a young state is preferable. Therefore, seeds (ripe seeds, immature seeds), fully mature embryos, immature embryos, callus, shoots, seedlings, and the like are particularly preferable plant forms in the determination method of the present invention.
- the expression level of the protein or nucleic acid may be qualitative or quantitative, but is preferably quantified as a numerical value (measurement value).
- Example 1 Selection of bil7 mutant FOX hunting system (Full-length cDNA Over-expression Gene Hunting System) reveals DNA functions from changes in traits caused by introducing full-length cDNA into plants and causing high expression (WO03 / 018808).
- Arabidopsis Arabidopsis thaliana
- FOX line STYLE 1
- BR brassinosteroid
- wild-type Arabidopsis A line showing a bil (Brz-insensitive-long-hypocothl) morphology in which the hypocotyl extends compared to Arabidopsis thaliana was selected.
- a plant exhibiting a bil form in the dark in the presence of Brz is considered to have Brz resistance.
- the selection is performed until the second selection, and it is confirmed that the selected F1 generation plant produced by back crossing with the wild type shows bil morphology in the presence of Brz, and the bil mutation is a dominant trait. I confirmed it. Since the FOX line is a gain-of-function mutant, the dominant mutation was considered to indicate that the cause of the mutation was derived from FOX.
- bil7-1D (Brz-insensitive-long-hypocothl 7-1D), and the analysis was advanced.
- the hypocotyl elongation of bil7-1D in the dark in the presence of Brz 3 ⁇ M is about 2.5 times that of the wild type, and the gain-of-function mutant bil1-1D / bzr1-1D of the master transcription factor BIL1 / BZR1 for BR signaling This was considered to be a strong Brz-resistant mutation trait equivalent to a positive control showing Brz (FIG. 1).
- Example 2 Isolation and identification of bil7-1D mutation-causing gene From morphological analysis of bil7-1D plant, it was speculated that mutation-causing gene BIL7 causes growth promotion forms such as flower stem elongation and activation of BR information transmission. . Therefore, bil7-1D mutation gene BIL7 was isolated and analyzed for homologous proteins and functional domains. Subsequently, a BIL7 high expression transformant (BIL7-OX) was prepared, and it was confirmed that the bil7-1D form was reproduced by high expression of the BIL7 candidate gene, and the BIL7 gene was confirmed.
- BIL7-OX BIL7 high expression transformant
- Rosetta leaves were collected from the bil7-1D mutant, and genomic DNA was extracted using Nucleon® DNA® Extraction® Kit (Amersham). Next, PCR was performed on the extracted DNA.
- the PCR reaction solution, reaction conditions, and primers are as follows.
- This BIL7 candidate gene was analyzed by real-time RT-PCR.
- Total RNA was extracted from the plant body using RNeasy® Plant® Mini® Kit (QIAGEN).
- a reaction solution was prepared using Takara PrimeScript RT RT Kit (Perfect Realtime), and cDNA was synthesized by cDNA reaction (37 ° C. 15 min, 85 ° C. 5 ° sec, 4 ° C. end).
- Real-time PCR was performed under the following conditions using the thus synthesized cDNA as a template.
- BIL7 candidate gene in bil7-1D was increased by about 40 times or more compared to the wild type (FIG. 5). Together with this result and bil7-1D being a dominant mutant, it was suggested that overexpression of BIL7 candidate gene is responsible for bil7-1D.
- BIL7 had N-myristoylation prediction site and N-glycosylation prediction site in its sequence. There were no other domains that could predict function. The transmembrane region was not recognized, and the nuclear localization was inferred from the presence of a nuclear translocation signal (NLS).
- NLS nuclear translocation signal
- BIL7 Three types of BIL7 homologous proteins existed in Arabidopsis thaliana. Other species are homologous in a wide range of plant species such as radish (Raphanus sativus), soybean (Glycine max), poplar (Populus trichocarpa), grape (Vitis vinifera), rice (Oryza sativa), and Physcomitella patens. It was clarified that there is a protein with high. These were all new and unknown proteins with no reports. Moreover, among these homologous protein groups, a region with particularly high conservation was observed. Based on this region, amino acids showing further homology were examined, but there was no protein whose function could be estimated. In addition, the sequence portion of the myristoylation prediction site was relatively conserved in other genes, suggesting that the function of BIL7 may be related to a common function in these proteins.
- BIL7-OX BIL7 high expression transformant
- BIL7-OX BIL7 high expression transformant
- the amplified BIL7 was cloned into an entry vector (pENTR) using “pENTER / D TOPO cloning kit” (Invitrogen).
- the prepared pENTR vector was introduced into pGWB80 containing the 35S promoter and pGWB80 containing the RNAi construct using the Gateway LR Clonase IIenzyme mix (Invitrogen) by Gateway techonology, and the transformation vector pGWB2-BIL7 in which BIL7 was inserted pGWB80-BIL7-RNAi was obtained.
- the prepared vector was introduced into Agrobacterium, and wild type Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) was transformed by the flower-dipping method.
- 2 ⁇ l of the prepared vector was added to 50 ⁇ l of Agrobacterium competent cell, mixed and allowed to stand on ice for 30 minutes. After standing in liquid nitrogen for 1 minute, it was melted at 37 ° C. for 1 minute. After adding 250 ⁇ l of YEP liquid medium and culturing at 28 ° C. for 1 hour, it was plated on YEP medium containing kanamycin, hygromycin 50 ⁇ g / ml, and rifampicin 100 ⁇ g / ml, and the presence or absence of vector introduction was confirmed by colony PCR.
- the Agrobacterium colonies into which the vector had been introduced were cultured overnight in a YEP liquid medium, and then the culture was scaled up to 500 ml and cultured overnight.
- the culture solution was centrifuged at 5000 rpm for 10 minutes to remove the supernatant, and then suspended in an MS medium containing 5% (w / v) sucrose.
- the wild type from which the pod was removed was transformed by the flower dipping method.
- the obtained T1 seeds were selected in an MS medium containing kanamycin 25 ⁇ g / ml to obtain a BIL7 high expression transformant (BIL7-OX) and a BIL7 expression suppression transformant (BIL7-RNAi) (FIG. 6). ).
- the morphological features found in bil7-1D described in Example 1 were investigated (FIGS. 7 and 8).
- the rosette leaf morphology observed in bil7-1D was not observed in BIL7-OX1 having a low BIL7 expression level, but was observed only in BIL7-OX2 having a high BIL7 expression level (FIG. 7A).
- the flower stem length and the number of secondary flower stems tended to be promoted as the BIL7 expression level increased (FIGS. 7A, B, and 8D).
- the number of flower stalks that was almost the same as that of the wild type in bil7-1D tended to decrease slightly due to increased expression of BIL7 (FIG. 8C).
- the higher the expression of BIL7 the smaller the number of normal sheaths, but the seed weight increased as in bil7-1D (FIGS. 8B, E, F).
- Example 3 Transformation of Rice BIL7 Homologous Gene OsBIL7 into Rice For the BIL7 homologous gene OsBIL7 in rice, a vector connected to the downstream of the ubiquitin promoter that is a constitutive expression promoter in rice was constructed and transformed into rice. It was.
- the rice BIL7 homologous gene OsBIL7 was cloned. Rice Japanese wild wild type total RNA was extracted with Qiagen's RNAeasyplant kit. Next, cDNA was synthesized from this using Invitrogen's SuperScript II kit. Using this cDNA as a template, OsBIL7 was amplified by PCR using the following primers.
- the amplified OsBIL7 was cloned using "pENTER / D TOPO cloning kit” (Invitrogen).
- Example 4 Evaluation of Biomass in Transformant of Rice Variety “Yukihikari” Overexpressed OsBIL7 Gene
- the vector constructed in Example 3 was transformed into rice (cultivar: Yukihikari) via Agrobacterium LBA4404 strain did.
- pSB4 Yamaari et al. 1996 Plant J 10: 165-174) was transformed. Transformation was performed according to the method of Hiei et al. (2008 Plant J 6: 271-282).
- the concentration of hygromycin in the selection medium, regeneration medium and rooting medium was 30 ⁇ g / ml.
- Cultivation evaluation of the obtained transformant for the present generation was performed in a greenhouse dedicated to recombinant plants of Japan Tobacco Inc. Plant Innovation Center.
- the day length was 14.5 hours, and the temperature was 28 ° C for daytime and 21 ° C for nighttime.
- Eighteen days after potting from the plant box 36 seedlings with good growth were selected and transplanted one by one into a polypot (diameter 12 cm, capacity: 830 cc).
- PCR was performed on the OsBIL7 gene and the hygromycin resistance gene. As a result, the absence of the OsBIL7 gene was confirmed in 4 individuals.
- none of the 36 control vector seedlings lacked the hygromycin resistance gene.
- FIG. 10 shows the growth of seedlings immediately before transplanting to a polypot
- FIG. 11 shows the state of maturity.
- the OsBIL7 recombinant had the following characteristics compared to the control vector recombinant.
- the culm length was 14cm high, the pan length was 4.6cm long, and the number of one grain increased by 23. Since the seed fertility was the same, the number of seeds per panicle increased by 20 grains.
- One panicle weight increased by 0.66 kg (170%), and the total panicle weight also increased by 2.00 kg (135%).
- the above-ground dry weight increased by 5.00 kg (140%).
- the BIL7 gene coding region of the BIL7 gene cDNA clone (pENTR entry vector) constructed in Example 2 was amplified by PCR and ligated downstream of the ubiquitin promoter of the binary vector for rice transformation used in Example 3.
- the primers used for PCR are as follows.
- the obtained construct Ubi-AtBIL7 was transformed into rice (cultivar: Yukihikari) via Agrobacterium LBA4404 strain.
- p121Hm vector a T-DNA region containing a “CaMV35S promoter, hygromycin resistance gene, NOS terminator” cassette
- the transformation was performed according to the method of Hiei et al. (2008-Plant J-6: 271-282).
- the concentration of hygromycin in the selection medium, regeneration medium and rooting medium was 30 ⁇ g / ml.
- Cultivation evaluation of the obtained transformant for the present generation was performed in a greenhouse dedicated to recombinant plants of Japan Tobacco Inc. Plant Innovation Center.
- the day length was 14.5 hours, and the temperature was 28 ° C for daytime and 21 ° C for nighttime.
- the plants were raised from the plant box, and 36 seedlings with good growth after 20 days were selected for each seedling and transplanted to a polypot (diameter: 12 cm, capacity: 830 cm), one seedling per pot.
- a PCR assay was performed on the BIL7 gene and the hygromycin resistance gene for all 72 recombinants including the control.
- the measured traits were plant height 5 weeks after potting, the longest culm flag length, culm length, ear number, ear length, 1 ear grain number, 1 ear per pod seed grain weight, 1 per pod seed grain weight, 1 ear weight , Total panicle weight, aboveground dry weight, total weight.
- the length of the heel was measured by measuring the length of the longest heel.
- the number of spikes the number of spikes excluding delayed spikes was investigated.
- Senju-shige was calculated by multiplying 1000 by the value obtained by dividing the weight of 1 pods by the number of pods.
- the BIL7 recombinant had the following characteristics compared to the control vector recombinant.
- One panicle weight increased by 0.48 kg (146%).
- the total panicle weight also increased by 1.34 kg (120%), and finally the total bark weight corresponding to seed yield increased by 1.18 kg (120%).
- the above-ground dry weight increased by 3.77 kg (128%).
- Example 6 Evaluation of biomass in maize transformants overexpressing the OsBIL7 gene
- the vector constructed in Example 3 was transformed into maize (Agrobacterium LBA4404 strain) according to the method of Ishida et al. (2007). Variety: A188) was transformed.
- the obtained transformant was cultivated in a recombinant greenhouse of Japan Tobacco Inc. Plant Innovation Center.
- the day length was 14.5 hours, and the temperature was a day temperature of 28 ° C and a night temperature of 20 ° C.
- the extracted male ear was excised before flowering.
- Pollen collected from untransformed corn (variety: A188) was crossed to silk thread sufficiently extracted from the ears to obtain T1 seeds. The seeds were used to evaluate biomass-related traits.
- the evaluation test 6 out of 25 seeded seeds were tested in consideration of the PCR test results of the OsBIL7 gene and hygromycin resistance gene in the T0 generation, the grass shape, the number of seeds, and the seed weight.
- the evaluation test was divided into two times (first time: 3 lines, second time: 3 lines, total 6 lines).
- One seed per line 25 lines per line, 25 pots in total was seeded in a polypot with a capacity of 570 ml. From 17 to 18 days after sowing, a part of the leaf was cut out and immersed in a hygromycin solution, and the resistance and sensitivity of hygromycin were examined.
- the present invention is useful in industrial fields where biomass can be used, such as food, energy, and environmental fields. By using the present invention, it is possible to effectively increase plant biomass.
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Abstract
Description
タンパク質をコードする核酸が導入された植物であって、該タンパク質が、
配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列を含み、
配列番号7又は11で表されるアミノ酸配列と25%以上の同一性又は75%以上の類似性を有するアミノ酸配列を含み、
植物のバイオマスを増大させる活性を有することを特徴とする、前記植物。
配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列が、配列番号2で表されるアミノ酸配列である、態様1の植物。
タンパク質が、配列番号3~5のいずれかで表されるアミノ酸配列を含む、態様1又は2の植物。
核酸が単子葉植物又は双子葉植物由来の核酸であり、植物が単子葉植物である、態様1~3のいずれか1の植物。
タンパク質をコードする核酸を植物に導入する工程を含む、植物のバイオマスを増大させる方法であって、該タンパク質が、
配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列を含み、
配列番号7又は11で表されるアミノ酸配列と25%以上の同一性又は75%以上の類似性を有するアミノ酸配列を含み、
植物のバイオマスを増大させる活性を有することを特徴とする、前記方法。
配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列が、配列番号2で表されるアミノ酸配列である、態様5の方法。
タンパク質が、配列番号3~5のいずれかで表されるアミノ酸配列を含む、態様5又は6の方法。
核酸が単子葉植物又は双子葉植物由来の核酸であり、植物が単子葉植物である、態様5~7のいずれか1の方法。
タンパク質をコードする核酸を植物に導入する工程を含む、バイオマスが増大した植物の作製方法であって、該タンパク質が、
配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列を含み、
配列番号7又は11で表されるアミノ酸配列と25%以上の同一性又は75%以上の類似性を有するアミノ酸配列を含み、
植物のバイオマスを増大させる活性を有することを特徴とする、前記方法。
配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列が、配列番号2で表されるアミノ酸配列である、態様9の方法。
タンパク質が、配列番号3~5のいずれかで表されるアミノ酸配列を含む、態様9又は10の方法。
核酸が単子葉植物又は双子葉植物由来の核酸であり、植物が単子葉植物である、態様9~11のいずれか1の方法。
タンパク質をコードする核酸およびプロモーターを含むコンストラクトであって、該タンパク質が、
配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列を含み、
配列番号7又は11で表されるアミノ酸配列と25%以上の同一性又は75%以上の類似性を有するアミノ酸配列を含み、
植物のバイオマスを増大させる活性を有することを特徴とする、前記コンストラクト。
配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列が、配列番号2で表されるアミノ酸配列である、態様13のコンストラクト。
タンパク質が、配列番号3~5のいずれかで表されるアミノ酸配列を含む、態様13又は14のコンストラクト。
態様13~15のいずれか1のコンストラクトを含む、ベクター。
態様16のベクターを含む、宿主細胞。
態様17のベクターが導入された、植物。
核酸が単子葉植物又は双子葉植物由来の核酸であり、植物が単子葉植物である、態様18の植物。
(1)被験植物および野生型植物において、タンパク質又はそれをコードする核酸の発現量を測定する工程であって、該タンパク質が、
配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列を含み、
配列番号7又は11で表されるアミノ酸配列と25%以上の同一性又は75%以上の類似性を有するアミノ酸配列を含み、
植物のバイオマスを増大させる活性を有することを特徴とする、前記工程、
(2)工程(1)により得られた発現量を比較する工程、
(3)野生型植物での発現量よりも高い発現量を示す被験植物を選択する工程、
を含む、バイオマスが増大した植物のスクリーニング方法。
配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列が、配列番号2で表されるアミノ酸配列である、態様20の方法。
タンパク質が、配列番号3~5のいずれかで表されるアミノ酸配列を含む、態様20又は21の方法。
核酸が単子葉植物又は双子葉植物由来の核酸であり、植物が単子葉植物である、態様20~22のいずれか1の方法。
(1)被験植物および野生型植物において、タンパク質又はそれをコードする核酸の発現量を測定する工程であって、該タンパク質が、
配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列を含み、
配列番号7又は11で表されるアミノ酸配列と25%以上の同一性又は75%以上の類似性を有するアミノ酸配列を含み、
植物のバイオマスを増大させる活性を有することを特徴とする、前記工程、
(2)工程(1)により得られた発現量を比較する工程、
(3)被験植物での発現量が野生型植物での発現量よりも高いことを確認する工程、
を含む、バイオマスが増大した植物を判定する方法。
配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列が、配列番号2で表されるアミノ酸配列である、態様24の方法。
タンパク質が、配列番号3~5のいずれかで表されるアミノ酸配列を含む、態様24又は25の方法。
核酸が単子葉植物又は双子葉植物由来の核酸であり、植物が単子葉植物である、態様24~26のいずれか1の方法。
本発明では、植物バイオマスの増大に寄与する核酸としてbil7(Brz-insensitive-long-hypocotyl 7)遺伝子が用いられる。bil7遺伝子は、ブラシノステロイド生合成阻害剤であるブラシナゾール(Brz)の存在下でも胚軸の徒長が見られる変異体から見出された、ブラシノステロイドシグナル伝達に関与する遺伝子であり、種々の植物において見ることができる。bil7遺伝子のヌクレオチド配列及び当該遺伝子がコードするタンパク質(即ち、BIL7タンパク質)のアミノ酸配列は各種植物によって相違するが、本発明におけるタンパク質は、下記の配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列の共通モチーフを有している。
Ala-Pro-Pro-Ser-Ser-Pro-Ala-Ser-X1-X2-X3-Ser-X4-X5-X6-Ser-X7-X8-X9-X10-Pro-X11-Gly-Pro-Tyr-Ala-X12-Glu-X13-X14-X15-Val-X16-Pro-Pro-Val-Phe-Ser-X17-X18-X19-Thr-X20-Pro-Ser-X21-Ala-Pro-X22-Thr-Pro-Pro-X23-Pro-Ser-Ser-Pro-X24-Val-Pro-X25-Ala-X26-Pro-X27-Ser-Pro-X28-Ser-Pro
(式中、X1はPhe又はTyr、X2はPhe、Leu、Thr又はAla、X3はGln、Pro、His又はAsn、X4はGlu、Gly、Asp、Ala又はMet、X5はPro、Gly、Leu又はAla、X6はPro、Ala、Thr又はSer、X7はAla、Ile、Val、Ser、又はThr、X8はThr、Val、Ser又はAla、X9はGln又はHis、X10はSer又はThr、X11は15~30個のアミノ酸残基、X12はHis又はAsn、X13はThr又はPro、X14はGln又はAla、X15はLeu又はPro、X16はSer又はThr、X17はThr又はAla、X18はTyr又はPhe、X19はThr、Ile又はPro、X20はGlu又はAla、X21はSer又はThr、X22はIle、Val、Tyr又はPhe、X23は3~15個のアミノ酸残基、X24はGlu又はAsp、X25はPhe又はTyr、X26は20~50個のアミノ酸残基、X27はGly、Glu又はAsp、X28は5又は6個のアミノ酸残基を示す。)
Ala-Pro-Pro-Ser-Ser-Pro-Ala-Ser-Phe-X29-X30-Ser-X31-X32-X33-Ser-X34-X35-X36-X37-Pro-X38-Ser-X39-X40-X41-X42-Gly-Pro-Tyr-Ala-X43-Glu-Thr-Gln-X44-Val-X45-Pro-Pro-Val-Phe-Ser-X46-X47-X48-Thr-Glu-Pro-Ser-X49-Ala-Pro-X50-Thr-Pro-Pro-X51-Pro-Ser-Ser-Pro-X52-Val-Pro-X53-Ala-X54-Pro-X55-Ser-Pro-X56-Leu-X57-Ser-Pro
(式中、X29はPhe、Leu又はThr、X30はGln、His、Pro又はAsn、X31はGlu、Gly、Asp又はAla、X32はPro、Gly又はLeu、X33はPro、Ala、Thr又はSer、X34はAla、Val、Ile又はThr、X35はThr、Ala、Val又はSer、X36はGln又はHis、X37はSer又はThr、X38は10~25個のアミノ酸残基、X39はIle、Val、Ala又はMet、X40はPhe又はTyr、X41はAla又はThr、X42はIle、Val又はThr、X43はHis又はAsn、X44はLeu又はPro、X45はSer又はThr、X46はThr又はAla、X47はTyr又はPhe、X48はThr又はIle、X49はSer又はThr、X50はIle、Phe又はTyr、X51は3~15個のアミノ酸残基、X52はGlu又はAsp、X53はPhe又はTyr、X54は20~35個のアミノ酸残基、X55はGly、Glu又はAsp、X56は3~5個のアミノ酸残基、X57はIle又はArgを示す。)
Met-X58-Ser-Gly-X59-Asn-X60-X61-Asp-Thr-X62-Asn-Ala-Ala-Ala-X63-Ala-Ile-X64-X65-X66-X67-X68-Arg-X69-Arg-Lys-Trp-X70-X71-X72-X73-Ser-X74-X75-X76-Cys-Phe-Gly-Ser-X77-X78-X79-X80-X81-Arg-Ile-X82-X83-X84-Val-Leu-Val-Pro-Glu-Pro-X85-Pro-Phe-X86-Ala-Pro-Pro-Ser-Ser-Pro-Ala-Ser-Phe-X87-Gln-Ser-X88-X89-X90-Ser-X91-X92-Gln-Ser-Pro-Val-Gly-X93-X94-Ser-Phe-Ser-Pro-Leu-X95-X96-Asn-X97-Pro-Ser-Ile-Phe-Ala-Ile-Gly-Pro-Tyr-Ala-His-Glu-Thr-Gln-Leu-Val-Ser-Pro-Pro-Val-Phe-Ser-X98-X99-Thr-Thr-Glu-Pro-Ser-X100-Ala-Pro-X101-Thr-Pro-Pro-X102-Ser-X103-X104-Leu-Thr-Thr-X105-Pro-Ser-Ser-Pro-Glu-Val-Pro-X106-Ala-X107-Leu-X108-X109-Ser-X110-Glu-X111-Gln-X112-Tyr-Gln-X113-X114-Pro-X115-Ser-Pro-X116-Gly-X117-Leu-Ile-Ser-Pro-Ser-X118-Ser-Gly-X119-X120-Ser-Pro-Phe-Pro-Asp-X121-Ser-X122-Phe-Pro-X123-Phe-X124-Val-X125-X126-Pro-Pro-Lys-X127-Leu-X128-Gly-X129-His-X130-Val-Ser-Phe-X131-Leu-X132-X133-X134-X135-Val-X136-Arg-Cys-X137-X138-X139-Lys-X140-Pro-X141-X142-Ser-X143-Asp-X144-Ser-Leu-X145-X146-X147-Lys-Glu-Phe-X148-Phe-X149-Val-X150-X151-X152-X153-X154-Ala-X155-X156-Lys-X157-Trp-Ser-Phe-Phe-Pro-Val-X158-Gln-X159-Gly
(式中、X58はArg又はGln、X59は3~10個のアミノ酸残基、X60はVal又はSer、X61はPhe又はVal、X62はIle又はVal、X63はSer又はVal、X64はAla又はVal、X65はSer又はThr、X66はSer又はAla、X67はAsp又はGlu、X68はAsp又はSer、X69は5~10個のアミノ酸残基、X70はTrp又はAla、X71はAsn又はAsp、X72はArg又はTrp、X73はTrp又はLeu、X74はLeu又はVal、X75はLeu又はTyr、X76はLys又はPhe、X77はSer又はGln、X78はArg又はLys、X79はGln又はAsn、X80はArg又はGly、X81はLys又はArg、X82はGly又はSer、X83はAsn又はHis、X84はSer又はAla、X85は20~25個のアミノ酸残基、X86はIle又はVal、X87はPhe又はLeu、X88はGlu又はGly、X89はPro又はGly、X90はPro又はAla、X91はAla又はIle、X92はThr又はVal、X93はIle又はAla、X94はLeu又はPro、X95はPro又はSer、X96はCys又はPro、X97は1~10個のアミノ酸残基、X98はThr又はAla、X99はTyr又はPhe、X100はSer又はThr、X101はIle又はPhe、X102は1~5個のアミノ酸残基、X103はIle又はVal、X104はTyr又はHis、X105は0~5個のアミノ酸残基、X106はPhe又はTyr、X107はGln又はLys、X108はPhe又はLeu、X109はAsn又はThr、X110は10~20個のアミノ酸残基、X111はPhe又はLeu、X112はPhe又はSer、X113はLeu又はIle、X114はPro又はTyr、X115はGly又はGlu、X116はLeu又はIle、X117はGln又はArg、X118は1~5個のアミノ酸残基、X119はPro又はThr、X120はThr又はCys、X121は1~10個のアミノ酸残基、X122はLeu又はThr、X123はHis又はSer、X124はGln又はPro、X125はSer又はArg、X126はAsp又はGlu、X127はLeu又はIle、X128は3~20個のアミノ酸残基、X129は10~30個のアミノ酸残基、X130は1~5個のアミノ酸残基、X131はAsp又はGlu、X132はAsp又はThr、X133はAla又はVal、X134はAsp又はGlu、X135はHis又はAsp、X136はIle又はAla、X137はVal又はLeu、X138はAsp又はGlu、X139はGln又はLys、X140は3~25個のアミノ酸残基、X141はGlu又はArg、X142はAla又はGlu、X143はSer又はAsn、X144は5~25個のアミノ酸残基、X145はGly又はArg、X146はSer又はLys、X147はAsn又はAla、X148はAsn又はLys、X149は5~15個のアミノ酸残基、X150はAsp又はGly、X151はGlu又はSer、X152はHis又はAsp、X153はArg又はTrp、X154はSer又はTrp、X155はSer又はAsn、X156はPro又はGlu、X157は5~15個のアミノ酸残基、X158はMet又はAla、X159はSer又はProを示す。)
Met-Arg-X160-Gly-Ala-Asn-Gly-X161-Asn-Asn-X162-X163-X164-Thr-Ile-Asn-Ala-Ala-Ala-X165-X166-Ile-Ala-Ser-X167-X168-X169-Arg-Leu-X170-Gln-X171-X172-Pro-X173-X174-X175-Lys-X176-X177-Trp-X178-Asn-X179-X180-Ser-X181-X182-X183-Cys-Phe-Gly-X184-X185-X186-X187-Arg-X188-Arg-Ile-Gly-X189-X190-Val-Leu-Val-Pro-Glu-X191-X192-X193-X194-X195-X196-X197-Asn-X198-Thr-X199-Ile-X200-X201-X202-X203-Phe-X204-Ala-Pro-Pro-Ser-Ser-Pro-Ala-Ser-Phe-X205-X206-Ser-Glu-Pro-Pro-Ser-X207-X208-Gln-Ser-Pro-X209-X210-Ile-Leu-Ser-X211-X212-Pro-X213-Ser-Ile-Phe-Ala-Ile-Gly-Pro-Tyr-Ala-His-Glu-Thr-Gln-Leu-Val-Ser-Pro-Pro-Val-Phe-Ser-Thr-X214-Thr-Thr-Glu-Pro-Ser-X215-Ala-Pro-X216-Thr-Pro-Pro-X217-Thr-Thr-Pro-Ser-Ser-Pro-Glu-Val-Pro-Phe-Ala-Gln-Leu-X218-X219-X220-Asn-X221-X222-X223-X224-X225-X226-X227-X228-X229-Phe-X230-Tyr-X231-Phe-X232-X233-Tyr-Gln-Leu-X234-Pro-Gly-Ser-Pro-X235-Gly-Gln-Leu-Ile-Ser-Pro-X236-Ser-X237-X238-X239-Ser-Pro-Phe-Pro-Asp-X240-Ser-Leu-X241-X242-X243-Phe-Gln-X244-X245-Asp-X246-Ser-X247-X248-X249-X250-Gly-X251-X252-Thr-Pro-X253-Gln-X254-X255-X256-X257-Pro-X258-X259-X260-Val-Ser-X261-X262-X263-X264-Ala-X265-X266-Val-X267-X268-Cys-Val-X269-Lys-Leu-X270-Thr-X271-X272-Pro-X273-Glu-X274-X275-Ser-Asp-X276-Glu-X277-X278-X279-His-X280-Lys-Glu-Phe-Asn-Phe-X281-X282-X283-Glu-X284-Leu-X285-X286-Asp-X287-Ala-Ser-X288-Ser-Asn-X289-Trp-Ser-Phe-Phe-Pro-X290-X291-X292-X293-Gly
(式中、X160は0~3個のアミノ酸残基、X161は0~5個のアミノ酸残基、X162はVal又はThr、X163はPhe又はLeu、X164はAsp又はGlu、X165はSer又はThr、X166はAla又はVal、X167はSer又はVal、X168はAsp又はGlu、X169はAsp又はAsn、X170はHis又はAsp、X171はSer又はPro、X172はSer又はHis、X173はIle又はHis、X174はHis又はVal、X175はLys又はGln、X176はArg又はLys、X177はLys又はSer、X178はTrp又はGly、X179はArg又はTrp、X180はTrp又はLeu、X181はLeu又はIle、X182はLeu又はTyr、X183はLys又はTrp、X184はSer又はHis、X185はSer又はArg、X186はArg又はLys、X187はGln又はAsn、X188はLys又はGln、X189はAsn又はHis、X190はSer又はAla、X191はPro又はArg、X192はVal又はIle、X193はSer又はPro、X194はMet又はSer、X195はSer又はGly、X196はSer又はThr、X197はSer又はAsp、X198はSer又はAla、X199は5~15個のアミノ酸残基、X200はThr又はIle、X201はThr又はPro、X202はLeu又はPhe、X203はPro又はHis、X204はIle又はVal、X205はPhe又はLeu、X206はGln又はHis、X207はAla又はVal、X208はThr又はAla、X209はVal又はSer、X210はGly又はAla、X211はPhe又はLeu、X212はSer又はThr、X213は1~10個のアミノ酸残基、X214はTyr又はPhe、X215はSer又はThr、X216はIle又はPhe、X217は3~15個のアミノ酸残基、X218はPhe又はLeu、X219はAsn又はAsp、X220はSer又はPro、X221はHis又はAsn、X222はGln又はLys、X223はThr又はAsn、X224はGly又はSer、X225はSer又はGlu、X226はTyr又はThr、X227はGly又はTyr、X228はTyr又はGln、X229はLys又はArg、X230は3~7個のアミノ酸残基、X231はGlu又はAsp、X232はGln又はHis、X233はPhe又はSer、X234はPro又はHis、X235はLeu又はVal、X236は1~10個のアミノ酸残基、X237はGly又はSer、X238はPro又はThr、X239はThr又はSer、X240は1~10個のアミノ酸残基、X241はPhe又はLeu、X242はPro又はLeu、X243はHis又はAsn、X244はVal又はThr、X245はSer又はAsp、X246は3~10個のアミノ酸残基、X247はPro又はHis、X248はLys又はGln、X249はThr又はGly、X250はAla又はSer、X251はVal又はSer、X252はThr又はLeu、X253は1~10個のアミノ酸残基、X254はLys又はAla、X255はIle又はSer、X256はVal又はPhe、X257はPro又はLeu、X258はHis又はSer、X259はLys又はHis、X260はPro又はTrp、X261はPhe又はIle、X262はAsp又はGlu、X263はLeu又はVal、X264はAsp又はSer、X265はAsp又はGln、X266はHis又はGlu、X267はIle又はPhe、X268はArg又はAsn、X269は1~15個のアミノ酸残基、X270はArg又はLys、X271はThr又はAsp、X272はPhe又はAla、X273は0~15個のアミノ酸残基、X274はAla又はThr、X275はSer又はPro、X276は1~15個のアミノ酸残基、X277はSer又はArg、X278はMet又はVal、X279はAsn又はHis、X280は5~10個のアミノ酸残基、X281はGly又はAsp、X282はThr又はAsn、X283はAsp又はAla、X284は1~10個のアミノ酸残基、X285はThr又はVal、X286はVal又はAla、X287は1~10個のアミノ酸残基、X288は1~7個のアミノ酸残基、X289はAsp又はAsn、X290はVal又はMet、X291はMet又はIle、X292はGln又はArg、X293はSer又はProを示す。)
Met-Gln-Ser-Gly-X294-X295-Met-Arg-Pro-Val-His-Asn-Ser-Val-Asp-Thr-Val-Asn-Ala-Ala-Ala-Val-Ala-Ile-Val-Thr-Ala-Glu-Ser-Arg-Thr-Gln-Pro-X296-Ala-Glu-X297-Arg-Arg-Lys-Trp-Ala-Asp-X298-Leu-Ser-Val-Tyr-Phe-Cys-Phe-Gly-Ser-Gln-Lys-Asn-Gly-Arg-X299-Arg-X300-X301-His-Ala-X302-Leu-Val-Pro-Glu-Pro-X303-Pro-X304-Arg-Thr-Asp-Ala-Pro-X305-X306-Glu-Ile-Pro-X307-His-Pro-Pro-Pro-Pro-Val-Phe-Pro-Phe-Val-Ala-Pro-Pro-Ser-Ser-Pro-Ala-Ser-Phe-Leu-Gln-Ser-X308-X309-X310-Ser-Ile-Val-Gln-Ser-Pro-X311-Gly-Ala-Pro-X312-Phe-Ser-Pro-Leu-Ser-Pro-Asn-Ser-X313-Ser-Pro-Thr-Gly-Pro-Pro-Ser-Ile-Phe-Ala-Ile-Gly-Pro-Tyr-Ala-His-Glu-Thr-Gln-Leu-Val-Ser-Pro-Pro-Val-Phe-Ser-Ala-Phe-Thr-Thr-Glu-Pro-Ser-Thr-Ala-Pro-Phe-Thr-Pro-Pro-Pro-Glu-Ser-Val-His-Leu-Thr-Thr-Pro-Ser-Ser-Pro-Glu-Val-Pro-Tyr-Ala-Lys-Leu-Leu-Thr-Ser-Ile-Asn-Asn-Ser-Lys-Asn-X314-Glu-X315-Gly-X316-Leu-Gln-Ser-Tyr-X317-X318-Tyr-Pro-X319-Ser-Pro-Ile-Gly-Arg-Leu-Ile-Ser-Pro-Ser-Ser-X320-Cys-Ser-Gly-Thr-X321-Ser-Pro-Phe-Pro-Asp-Pro-Glu-X322-Gln-X323-Ser-Ser-Arg-Ser-X324-X325-X326-X327-Phe-Pro-Val-Arg-Glu-Pro-Pro-Lys-Ile-Leu-Asp-Gly-Glu-Gly-X328-Ala-Thr-Gln-Lys-Leu-Ile-Pro-Arg-His-Met-Arg-Asn-Gly-Gly-Ser-Leu-Leu-Asp-Gly-X329-Ile-Ser-Ala-Ala-Val-Pro-Val-Val-Asp-Phe-Ser-Ala-Arg-Leu-Gln-X330-Asn-X331-His-Ala-Met-Asp-His-Arg-Val-Ser-Phe-Glu-Leu-Thr-Val-Glu-Asp-Val-Ala-Arg-Cys-Leu-Glu-Lys-Lys-Thr-X332-Ile-X333-Gly-X334-Ser-X335-X336-Ala-Ser-Phe-X337-Leu-X338-Pro-Thr-Gly-X339-Gly-Asp-X340-His-X341-Arg-Glu-Ser-Asn-X342-X343-Arg-Ala-Gly-Leu-X344-Val-Asp-Glu-X345-Tyr-His-Asp-Leu-Pro-Glu-Lys-Ala-Arg-Arg-Ser-Leu-Ser-Leu-Arg-X346-Ala-Lys-Glu-Phe-X347-Phe-Asn-Asn-Val-Asp-X348-X349-Ser-Val-Glu-Pro-Ser-Val-Gly-Ser-Asp-Trp-Trp-Ala-Asn-Glu-Lys-Val-Ala-Gly-X350-Thr-X351-Glu-Pro-X352-Lys-X353-Trp-Ser-Phe-X354-Pro-Val-X355-Gln-Pro-Gly-Val-Ser
(式中、X294はSer又はGly、X295はGlu又はAsp、X296はGln又はPro、X297はPro又はGln、X298はTrp又はArg、X299は0~5個のアミノ酸残基、X300はIle又はVal、X301はSer又はAsn、X302はVal又はAla、X303はLeu又はAla、X304はPro又はGln、X305はMet又はAla、X306はPro又はAla、X307はIle又はAsn、X308はGly又はGlu、X309はGly又はPro、X310はAla又はThr、X311は0~5個のアミノ酸残基、X312はSer又はAla、X313はPro又はGln、X314はAla又はGly、X315はThr又はAla、X316は0~5個のアミノ酸残基、X317はGln又はPro、X318はIle又はAsn、X319はGlu又はAsp、X320はAla又はGly、X321はCys又はSer、X322はVal又はMet、X323はThr又はAla、X324はThr又はAla、X325はPhe又はLeu、X326はPro又はArg、X327はSer又はLeu、X328はIle又はVal、X329はHis又はGln、X330はAsn又はPro、X331はAsp又はGlu、X332はAsn又はAla、X333はAsn又はSer、X334はGlu又はAsp、X335はAla又はGly、X336はAla又はThr、X337はArg又はHis、X338はVal又はAla、X339はAsn又はSer、X340は0~5個のアミノ酸残基、X341はPro又はHis、X342はAsp又はGlu、X343はThr又はAla、X344はCys又はTyr、X345はThr又はSer、X346はLys又はLeu、X347はLys又はAsn、X348はAla又はVal、X349はPro又はGly、X350はIle又はMet、X351はSer又はThr、X352はArg又はLys、X353はSer又はAsn、X354はPhe又はHis、X355はAla又はValを示す。)
本発明は、上記の核酸及びプロモーターを含むコンストラクトを提供する。本明細書においてコンストラクトとは、複数の核酸を連結させた結合物を意味し、本発明では、その構成単位として上記の核酸とプロモーターとが含まれる。本発明における核酸とプロモーターとは直接的に連結されている必要はなく、別種の核酸を介して間接的に連結されていてもよい。プロモーターは、本発明の核酸に作動可能に連結していることが好ましい。「作動可能に連結する」とは、プロモーターがその機能を発揮するように、即ち、対象とする核酸の転写を行うように連結することを意味する。
本発明は、上記のコンストラクトを含むベクターを提供する。即ち、本発明では、作動可能に連結されたプロモーターと本発明における核酸とを含むベクターが提供される。
本発明は、上記のベクターを含む宿主細胞(換言すれば、本発明における核酸が導入された宿主細胞)を提供する。
本発明は、上記のベクターが導入された植物(換言すれば、本発明における核酸が導入された植物)を提供する。本発明の宿主細胞が植物細胞である場合、当該植物細胞は本発明の植物(形質転換植物)に包含される。本発明の植物には、植物細胞のみならず、植物体全体、植物器官(例えば、根、茎、葉、花弁、種子、果実、完熟胚、未熟胚、胚珠、子房、茎頂、葯、花粉等)、植物組織(例えば、表皮、篩部、柔組織、木部、維管束等)、これらの切片、カルス、苗条原基、実生、多芽体、毛状根及び培養根等のいずれもが含まれる。
(i)単子葉植物由来の核酸又はこれを含むベクターが導入された単子葉植物。
(ii)双子葉植物由来の核酸又はこれを含むベクターが導入された単子葉植物。
(iii)双子葉植物由来の核酸又はこれを含むベクターが導入された双子葉植物。
(iv)単子葉植物由来の核酸又はこれを含むベクターが導入された双子葉植物。
これらのうち、好ましくは、
(i)単子葉植物由来の核酸又はこれを含むベクターが導入された単子葉植物、
(ii)双子葉植物由来の核酸又はこれを含むベクターが導入された単子葉植物、及び
(iii)双子葉植物由来の核酸又はこれを含むベクターが導入された双子葉植物、
であり、より好ましくは、
(i)単子葉植物由来の核酸又はこれを含むベクターが導入された単子葉植物、及び
(ii)双子葉植物由来の核酸又はこれを含むベクターが導入された単子葉植物、
である。
本発明は、上記の核酸を植物に導入する工程を含む、植物のバイオマスを増大させる方法を提供する。より具体的には、本発明の方法は、本発明における核酸及びこれと作動可能に連結されたプロモーターを含むベクターを作製する工程、当該ベクターを宿主細胞(植物細胞)に導入する工程、そして核酸が導入された植物細胞から植物体を再生する工程を含む、植物のバイオマスを増大させる方法である。本発明における核酸がコードするタンパク質が有する植物のバイオマスを増大させる活性を利用することにより、本発明の方法が得られる。
本発明は、上記の核酸を植物に導入する工程を含む、バイオマスが増大した植物の作製方法を提供する。より具体的には、本発明の方法は、本発明における核酸及びこれと作動可能に連結されたプロモーターを含むベクターを作製する工程、当該ベクターを宿主細胞(植物細胞)に導入する工程、そして核酸が導入された植物細胞から植物体を再生する工程を含む、バイオマスが増大した植物の作製方法である。本発明における核酸がコードするタンパク質が有する植物のバイオマスを増大させる活性を利用することにより、本発明の方法が得られる。
本発明は、上記に説明したタンパク質又は核酸を利用したバイオマスが増大した植物のスクリーニング方法を提供し、当該方法には下記の工程が含まれる。
(1)被験植物および野生型植物において、本発明におけるタンパク質又はそれをコードする核酸の発現量を測定する工程、
(2)工程(1)により得られた発現量を比較する工程、及び
(3)野生型植物での発現量よりも高い発現量を示す被験植物を選択する工程。
本発明は、上記に説明したタンパク質又は核酸を利用したバイオマスが増大した植物を判定する方法を提供し、当該方法には下記の工程が含まれる。
(1)被験植物および野生型植物において、本発明におけるタンパク質又はそれをコードする核酸の発現量を測定する工程、
(2)工程(1)により得られた発現量を比較する工程、及び
(3)被験植物での発現量が野生型植物での発現量よりも高いことを確認する工程。
FOX hunting system(Full-length cDNA Over-expression Gene Hunting System)は、完全長cDNAを植物に導入して高発現させることによりもたらされる形質の変化からDNAの機能を明らかにする方法である(WO03/018808)。ここでは、約8,800種のアラビドプシス(シロイヌナズナ)FOXライン(Ichikawa et al. 2006)より、ブラシノステロイド(BR)生合成阻害剤であるブラシナゾール(Brz)存在下、暗所で、野生型アラビドプシス(シロイヌナズナ)と比べて胚軸が伸長するbil(Brz-insensitive-long-hypocothl)形態を示すラインの選抜を行った。Brz存在下、暗所においてbil形態を示す植物体は、Brz耐性を有していると考えられる。選抜は二次選抜まで行い、選抜されたラインについては野生型とのback crossにより作出した交配F1世代植物体がBrz存在暗所下でbil形態を示すことを確認し、bil変異が優性形質である事を確認した。FOXラインは機能獲得型変異体であるため、優性変異はその変異原因がFOXに由来することを示すと考えられた。
bil7-1D植物体の形態解析から、変異原因遺伝子BIL7は花茎伸長などの生育促進形態や、BR情報伝達の活性化を引き起こすと推測された。そこでbil7-1D変異原因遺伝子BIL7を単離し、相同性タンパク質の解析や機能ドメインの探索を行った。続いてBIL7高発現形質転換体(BIL7-OX)を作製し、BIL7候補遺伝子を高発現させることによりbil7-1D形態が再現されることを確認して、BIL7遺伝子の確定を行った。
bil7-1D変異体の導入cDNAについて、変異体ゲノムをテンプレートとし、35S CaMVプロモーターとNOSターミネーターに特異的なプライマーを用いたPCR法とシークエンスにより遺伝子断片を得た。
BIL7候補遺伝子が機能未知のタンパク質をコードしていることから、翻訳産物の機能を推測するため、BIL7のアミノ酸配列を基に、PROSITE(http://prosite.expasy.org/)およびPSORT(http://psort.hgc.jp/form.html)データベースによるモチーフ検策とGENETYX-MACによる疎水性解析を行った。
BIL7遺伝子を35S CaMVプロモーターの下流に連結したコンストラクトを野生型アラビトプシス(シロイヌナズナ)に形質転換してBIL7高発現形質転換体(BIL7-OX)を作製し、形態の観察を行った。
イネにおけるBIL7相同遺伝子OsBIL7について、イネでの構成的発現プロモーターであるユビキチンプロモーター下流に接続したベクターを構築し、イネへの形質転換を行った。
実施例3で構築したベクターを、アグロバクテリウムLBA4404株を介してイネ(品種:ゆきひかり)に形質転換した。同時に、pSB4(komari et al. 1996 Plant J 10: 165-174)を対象として形質転換した。形質転換は、Hiei et al.(2008 Plant J 6:271-282)の方法に準じて行った。選抜培地、再分化培地及び発根培地におけるハイグロマイシンの濃度は30μg/mlとした。得られた形質転換体の当代(T0世代)の栽培評価は、日本たばこ産業株式会社植物イノベーションセンターの組換え体専用温室にて行った。日長は14.5時間の長日条件、温度は昼温28℃、夜温21℃とした。プラントボックスから鉢上げ18日後に、生育良好な苗を各36苗選定し、1苗ずつポリポット(直径12 cm、容量:830 cc)に移植した。導入遺伝子の有無を調査するため、OsBIL7遺伝子及びハイグロマイシン抵抗性遺伝子についてPCR検定を行った。その結果、4個体でOsBIL7遺伝子の欠落が確認された。一方、対照用ベクターの全36苗の中にはハイグロマイシン抵抗性遺伝子が欠落した個体はなかった。したがって、32苗のOsBIL7組換え体及び36苗の対照用ベクター組換え体のデータをとりまとめた。測定した形質は、稈長、分げつ数、穂数、穂長、1穂粒数、1穂稔実粒数、1穂重、全穂重、地上部乾物重、及び全籾重とした。なお、稈長は最も長い稈の長さを測定した。穂長、1穂粒数、1穂稔実粒数、1穂重は、稈長を測定した稈(=最も長い稈)の穂を測定の対象とした。穂数は遅れ穂を除いた穂の数を調査した。収穫は早生個体から順に行った。形質調査完了後にデータをとりまとめ、統計解析を行った。その結果として各種形質の平均値を表9に示す。また、ポリポットに移植する直前の苗の生育状況を図10に、成熟期の状況を図11にそれぞれ示す。
シロイヌナズナBIL7遺伝子を単子葉植物のイネで過剰発現させた場合に、イネに収量増加の効果がもたらされるかどうかを調べた。
実施例3で構築したベクターを、Ishida et al. (2007)の方法に準じて、アグロバクテリウムLBA4404株を介してトウモロコシ(品種:A188)に形質転換した。得られた形質転換体の栽培は、日本たばこ産業株式会社植物イノベーションセンターの組換え体専用温室にて行った。日長は14.5時間、温度は昼温28℃、夜温20℃とした。抽出した雄穂は、開花前に切除した。雌穂から十分に抽出した絹糸に、形質転換していないトウモロコシ(品種:A188)から採取した花粉を交配し、T1種子を得た。この種子を用いてバイオマス関連形質の評価試験を行った。なお、評価試験は、T0世代でのOsBIL7遺伝子及びハイグロマイシン抵抗性遺伝子のPCR検定結果、草姿、種子数、及び種子重量を考慮し、採種された25個体のうち6個体を供試した。当該評価試験は2回(1回目:3系統、2回目:3系統の計6系統)に分けて行った。容量570 mlのポリポットに1系統あたり1粒ずつ(1系統25粒、計25ポット)播種した。播種後17~18日に葉の一部を切り取り、ハイグロマイシン溶液に浸漬し、ハイグロマイシンの抵抗性及び感受性を調査した。初期生育の劣る個体を除き、1系統あたり16個体を容量5100 ccのポリポットへ移植し、栽培を継続した。測定した形質は、絹糸抽出日数、全葉数、第9葉から第13葉の葉身長及び草丈とした。なお、絹糸抽出日数は播種から絹糸抽出日までの日数、草丈は播種後84日の最終草丈を測定した。各系統について、ハイグロマイシン抵抗性個体(即ち、OsBIL7遺伝子保有個体とみなした)とハイグロマイシン感受性個体(即ち、OsBIL7遺伝子欠落個体とみなした)の比較を行った。その結果を表12に示す。その結果、絹糸抽出日数及び全葉数ついては、抵抗性個体と感受性個体間に差は認められなかった。一方、草丈及び第9葉ないし第13葉の葉身長については、抵抗性個体が感受性個体に比較し増大していた(表12)。
Claims (27)
- タンパク質をコードする核酸が導入された植物であって、該タンパク質が、
配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列を含み、
配列番号7又は11で表されるアミノ酸配列と25%以上の同一性又は75%以上の類似性を有するアミノ酸配列を含み、
植物のバイオマスを増大させる活性を有することを特徴とする、前記植物。 - 配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列が、配列番号2で表されるアミノ酸配列である、請求項1に記載の植物。
- タンパク質が、配列番号3~5のいずれかで表されるアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項1又は2に記載の植物。
- 核酸が単子葉植物又は双子葉植物由来の核酸であり、植物が単子葉植物である、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の植物。
- タンパク質をコードする核酸を植物に導入する工程を含む、植物のバイオマスを増大させる方法であって、該タンパク質が、
配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列を含み、
配列番号7又は11で表されるアミノ酸配列と25%以上の同一性又は75%以上の類似性を有するアミノ酸配列を含み、
植物のバイオマスを増大させる活性を有することを特徴とする、前記方法。 - 配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列が、配列番号2で表されるアミノ酸配列である、請求項5に記載の方法。
- タンパク質が、配列番号3~5のいずれかで表されるアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項5又は6に記載の方法。
- 核酸が単子葉植物又は双子葉植物由来の核酸であり、植物が単子葉植物である、請求項5~7のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- タンパク質をコードする核酸を植物に導入する工程を含む、バイオマスが増大した植物の作製方法であって、該タンパク質が、
配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列を含み、
配列番号7又は11で表されるアミノ酸配列と25%以上の同一性又は75%以上の類似性を有するアミノ酸配列を含み、
植物のバイオマスを増大させる活性を有することを特徴とする、前記方法。 - 配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列が、配列番号2で表されるアミノ酸配列である、請求項9に記載の方法。
- タンパク質が、配列番号3~5のいずれかで表されるアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項9又は10に記載の方法。
- 核酸が単子葉植物又は双子葉植物由来の核酸であり、植物が単子葉植物である、請求項9~11のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- タンパク質をコードする核酸およびプロモーターを含むコンストラクトであって、該タンパク質が、
配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列を含み、
配列番号7又は11で表されるアミノ酸配列と25%以上の同一性又は75%以上の類似性を有するアミノ酸配列を含み、
植物のバイオマスを増大させる活性を有することを特徴とする、前記コンストラクト。 - 配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列が、配列番号2で表されるアミノ酸配列である、請求項13に記載のコンストラクト。
- タンパク質が、配列番号3~5のいずれかで表されるアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項13又は14に記載のコンストラクト。
- 請求項13~15のいずれか1項に記載のコンストラクトを含む、ベクター。
- 請求項16に記載のベクターを含む、宿主細胞。
- 請求項17に記載のベクターが導入された、植物。
- 核酸が単子葉植物又は双子葉植物由来の核酸であり、植物が単子葉植物である、請求項18に記載の植物。
- (1)被験植物および野生型植物において、タンパク質又はそれをコードする核酸の発現量を測定する工程であって、該タンパク質が、
配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列を含み、
配列番号7又は11で表されるアミノ酸配列と25%以上の同一性又は75%以上の類似性を有するアミノ酸配列を含み、
植物のバイオマスを増大させる活性を有することを特徴とする、前記工程、
(2)工程(1)により得られた発現量を比較する工程、
(3)野生型植物での発現量よりも高い発現量を示す被験植物を選択する工程、
を含む、バイオマスが増大した植物のスクリーニング方法。 - 配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列が、配列番号2で表されるアミノ酸配列である、請求項20に記載の方法。
- タンパク質が、配列番号3~5のいずれかで表されるアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項20又は21に記載の方法。
- 核酸が単子葉植物又は双子葉植物由来の核酸であり、植物が単子葉植物である、請求項20~22のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- (1)被験植物および野生型植物において、タンパク質又はそれをコードする核酸の発現量を測定する工程であって、該タンパク質が、
配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列を含み、
配列番号7又は11で表されるアミノ酸配列と25%以上の同一性又は75%以上の類似性を有するアミノ酸配列を含み、
植物のバイオマスを増大させる活性を有することを特徴とする、前記工程、
(2)工程(1)により得られた発現量を比較する工程、
(3)被験植物での発現量が野生型植物での発現量よりも高いことを確認する工程、
を含む、バイオマスが増大した植物を判定する方法。 - 配列番号1で表されるアミノ酸配列が、配列番号2で表されるアミノ酸配列である、請求項24に記載の方法。
- タンパク質が、配列番号3~5のいずれかで表されるアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項24又は25に記載の方法。
- 核酸が単子葉植物又は双子葉植物由来の核酸であり、植物が単子葉植物である、請求項24~26のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
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US15/517,861 US10640782B2 (en) | 2014-10-10 | 2015-10-09 | Gene for increasing plant biomass and use therefor |
BR112017006500A BR112017006500A8 (pt) | 2014-10-10 | 2015-10-09 | Planta tendo superexpressado um ácido nucleico que codifica uma proteína, métodos para aumentar a biomassa vegetal, para preparar uma planta e para analisar uma planta quanto à biomassa aumentada, construto, vetor e célula hospedeira |
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CN112980872A (zh) | 2021-06-18 |
BR112017006500A8 (pt) | 2022-11-08 |
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US11312974B2 (en) | 2022-04-26 |
US20180201947A1 (en) | 2018-07-19 |
JP2017212881A (ja) | 2017-12-07 |
US10640782B2 (en) | 2020-05-05 |
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