WO2016054851A1 - 用于轧制中空钢的生产线及其轧制成型生产方法 - Google Patents

用于轧制中空钢的生产线及其轧制成型生产方法 Download PDF

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WO2016054851A1
WO2016054851A1 PCT/CN2014/092056 CN2014092056W WO2016054851A1 WO 2016054851 A1 WO2016054851 A1 WO 2016054851A1 CN 2014092056 W CN2014092056 W CN 2014092056W WO 2016054851 A1 WO2016054851 A1 WO 2016054851A1
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rolling
roll
mills
unit
hollow steel
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PCT/CN2014/092056
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English (en)
French (fr)
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谭成楠
马靳江
李欣
牛强
曹勇
祝辉
彭仲佳
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中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司
中冶赛迪上海工程技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2016054851A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016054851A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/08—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling structural sections, i.e. work of special cross-section, e.g. angle steel

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  • the invention belongs to the field of steel rolling, and relates to a production line for rolling hollow steel and a rolling forming production method thereof.
  • Hollow steel is a section steel with a circular hole at the center, also known as hollow brazing steel (referred to as brazing steel or brazing steel).
  • the cross-sectional shape is generally circular, regular hexagonal, etc., and the diameter of the circular hole is about 5 to 16 mm, which is mainly used for making the drill rod for rock drilling and blasting engineering.
  • the existing hollow steel rolling is mostly carried out by heating two kinds of different materials and simultaneously performing composite rolling, and the hollow steel products are separated after synchronous cooling.
  • the rolling processing includes: steel billet sawing - billet drilling - billet core - heating - rolling - cooling - length sawing - core drawing - straightening - collection and storage.
  • the metal flow law is different during the deformation process due to the different properties of the two materials.
  • the outer hollow steel material passes through the first elliptical hole shape.
  • the core material cannot obtain a relatively complete circular shape due to the difference in material properties, so that the hollow steel intermediate hole after the core pulling is not circular, and the product dimensional accuracy is low, and To meet the design standards, the requirements for use cannot be met.
  • the production management cost is always high; and the production stability of the method is also poor, the finished product rate is low, and the production efficiency is low, which makes the enterprise compete.
  • the force cannot be improved; although the production enterprises have optimized and adjusted the existing two-roller-type rolling method many times, they have not fundamentally solved the above problems, and the goal of efficient and stable production has not been achieved.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a production line of hollow steel having high production stability, good dimensional accuracy, and high roundness of core holes, and a roll forming production method thereof.
  • a production line for rolling hollow steel comprising a heating furnace, a rough rolling unit, a medium rolling unit, a finishing rolling mill and a cooling bed which are sequentially arranged along the rolling direction.
  • the roughing mill, the medium rolling mill and the finishing mill are respectively composed of a plurality of alternately arranged four-roll mills, and the rolling mills formed by the four-roll mill are circular or hexagonal, and the rolls of two adjacent rolling mills The angle between the axes is 45° to 90°.
  • the roughing unit is composed of a plurality of two-roll mills arranged alternately, and the rolling holes of two adjacent rolling mills are elliptical and circular, or prismatic and square, and the roll axes on the two rolling mills.
  • the angle is 90°.
  • the medium rolling unit is composed of a plurality of two-roll mills arranged alternately, and the rolling holes of two adjacent rolling mills are elliptical and circular, or prismatic and square, and the roll axes on the two rolling mills.
  • the angle is 90°.
  • the roughing unit, the middle rolling unit and the finishing end of the finishing unit are further provided with shearing equipment.
  • the invention also proposes a hollow steel rolling forming method for the above production line, which is characterized in that it mainly comprises the following steps:
  • the present invention improves the composite rolling production line and process of the conventional hollow steel from the metal deformation law, and forms a set of multi-roll rolling (circular, hexagonal) hollow steel production line and process method, which is composed of four rolls.
  • the hole type performs multi-directional simultaneous compression deformation of the hollow steel rod and the mandrel, and the deformation of the rod and the mandrel and the metal extension are multi-directionally synchronized, and the evolution from the rolling element is theoretically eliminated from the existing production method.
  • the dimensional accuracy of the section is extremely poor, the metal is unevenly spread, and in particular, the core hole is not rounded.
  • the invention improves the surface quality of the rolling stock and the internal stress of the rolling by the multi-roll multi-directional synchronous compression method, so that the shape of the outer hollow steel rod and the core is well controlled, and the product quality and the rolling precision are improved. Finally, it meets the requirements of product use, realizes batch and stable production, reduces production cost, improves production efficiency and finished product rate, and enhances the competitiveness of enterprises.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of a production line
  • Figure 2 is a flow chart of four-roll rolling
  • Figure 3 is a two-roll-four roll combined rolling flow chart.
  • the production line for rolling hollow steel of the present invention comprises a heating furnace 1, a rough rolling unit 2, a middle rolling unit 3, a finishing rolling mill 4, and a cooling bed 5 which are sequentially disposed in the rolling direction.
  • the roughing mill 2, the middle rolling mill 3 and the finishing mill 4 are respectively composed of a plurality of alternately arranged four-roll mills, and the rolling mills formed by the four-roll mill are circular or hexagonal.
  • the angle between the rolls of the adjacent two rolling mills is 45° to 90°.
  • the rough rolling unit 2, the middle rolling unit 3 and the finishing rolling unit 4 constitute a continuous rolling unit, and each unit comprises six four-roll universal rolling mills; when rolling the hollow round steel, four rolls are equally arranged. And forming a circular hole, the angle between the adjacent two roll axes is 90°, the rolls on the adjacent two rolling mills are staggered at a deflection angle of 45°; when rolling the hollow hexagonal steel, the four rolls are symmetrically arranged and composed Hexagonal holes, one pair of rolls occupying an angle of 120°, the other pair of rolls occupying an angle of 60°, and the rolls on two adjacent rolling mills are staggered at a deflection angle of 60°.
  • This arrangement facilitates the bite deformation of the rolls and is easy to Controlling the shape of the section during the continuous deformation process, preventing the rolled piece from forming an "ear" at the open roll gap due to continuous deformation rolling, thereby forming defects such as "folding" in the subsequent rolling process;
  • the embodiment is composed of four rolls
  • the hole type performs multi-directional simultaneous compression deformation of the hollow steel rod and the mandrel, so that the deformation of the rod and the mandrel and the metal extension are synchronously performed, thereby eliminating the current situation of unevenness of the metal during the two-roll bidirectional compression.
  • the roughing unit 2 and the medium rolling unit 3 may select a two-roll continuous rolling unit according to the setting of the rolling process, and form a “two-roll-two-roll-four-roll” with the finishing unit 4.
  • the "two-roll-four-roll-four-roll" combined continuous rolling mill wherein the two-roll continuous rolling mill consists of several alternately arranged two-roll mills, and the rolling holes of the adjacent two rolling mills are elliptical and round. Shape, or prismatic and square, and the angle of the roll axis on the two rolling mills is 90°.
  • the roughing unit 2, the middle rolling unit 3 and the exit end of the finishing unit 4 are further provided with a shearing device 6 for cutting off the irregularly shaped head of the rolled piece, which is advantageous for the next road. Rolling of secondary rolling stock.
  • the invention also proposes a hollow steel rolling forming method for the above production line, which is characterized in that it mainly comprises the following steps:
  • the continuous casting slab After the continuous casting slab is heated to the temperature of the furnace, it is discharged from the furnace, and after being descaled by high-pressure water, it is successively rolled into the rough-rolling unit, the medium-rolling unit and the finishing rolling mill to continuously roll out the finished product section, wherein the tapping temperature is ⁇ 1200 °C, continuous casting
  • the rolling speed of the billet in the finishing mill is ⁇ 18m/s
  • the elongation coefficient of the single pass rolling in the four-high mill is controlled between 1.15 and 1.1.4
  • the elongation coefficient of the single pass rolling in the two-roll mill is controlled at 1.1.
  • the molding pass is not less than 4 times;
  • the rolling unit adopts a circular or hexagonal continuous unit composed of four rolls.
  • the raw material adopts a circular section blank, and the holes on the blank are filled by the corresponding size of the core rod to ensure the four rolls.
  • the formed hole type performs multi-directional synchronous compression on the circular or hexagonal hollow steel; the rolling process, rolling pass and elongation coefficient can be adjusted correspondingly according to different situations.
  • the process adopts a circular section gradual change mode, which can ensure the cross-sectional shape of the outer steel rod and the core rod of the hollow steel, and maintain the circular section at all times, improve the dimensional accuracy of the section and eliminate the out-of-roundness.
  • This process can also produce round and hexagonal hollow steel products with square section blanks, but except for the previous deformation pass, which is slightly different from the above, in order to ensure high dimensional accuracy (rods and core holes), the finished product must be ensured.
  • a multi-roll combination hole type rolling method is employed in four or more passes.

Abstract

一种用于轧制中空钢的生产线及其轧制成型生产方法，生产线包括沿轧制方向依次设置的加热炉(1)、粗轧机组(2)、中轧机组(3)、精轧机组(4)及冷床(5)，所述粗轧机组(2)、中轧机组(3)及精轧机组(4)分别由若干架交替布置的四辊轧机组成，所述四辊轧机所组成的轧制孔型为圆形或六角形，相邻两架轧机的轧辊轴线夹角为45°～90°，成型方法包括加热、连续轧制、切定尺及冷却等步骤。

Description

用于轧制中空钢的生产线及其轧制成型生产方法 技术领域
本发明属于钢材轧制领域，涉及一种用于轧制中空钢的生产线及其轧制成型生产方法。
背景技术
中空钢即中心贯有圆孔的型钢，又称中空钎钢(简称钎子钢或钎钢)。其断面形状一般为圆形、正六角形等，圆孔直径约为5～16mm，主要用于制作凿岩爆破工程用的钎杆。
现有的中空钢轧制多是通过两种不同材料加热后同时进行复合轧制，经同步冷却后分离得出中空钢成品。轧制加工工序包括：钢坯定尺锯切-钢坯钻孔-钢坯装芯-加热-轧制-冷却-定尺锯切-抽芯-矫直-收集入库。
然而通过传统二辊孔型轧制方式进行中空钢复合材料叠轧时，由于两种材料属性不同，在变形过程中金属流动规律也不尽相同，外部中空钢材料经前一道次椭圆孔型后再经成品孔型轧制成圆形时，芯部材料却因为材料属性的差异，无法得到较为完整的圆形，这样导致抽芯后的中空钢中间孔不是圆形，产品尺寸精度低，无法达到设计标准，不能满足使用要求；另外，由于孔型调整难度大，致使生产管理成本始终居高不下；且该方法的生产稳定性也较差，成材率低，生产效率低，使得企业的竞争力无法得到提升；各生产企业虽多次对现有的二辊孔型轧制方式进行优化调整，但仍未从根本上解决上述问题，高效稳定生产的目标未能实现。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明的目的在于提供一种生产稳定性高、尺寸精度好、芯孔圆度高的中空钢的生产线及其轧制成型生产方法。
为达到上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：一种用于轧制中空钢的生产线，包括沿轧制方向依次设置的加热炉、粗轧机组、中轧机组、精轧机组及冷床，所述粗轧机组、中轧机组及精轧机组分别由若干架交替布置的四辊轧机组成，所述四辊轧机所组成的轧制孔型为圆形或六角形，相邻两架轧机的轧辊轴线夹角为45°～90°。
进一步，所述粗轧机组由若干架交替布置的两辊轧机组成，相邻两架轧机的轧制孔型依次为椭圆形与圆形，或棱形与方形，且两架轧机上的轧辊轴线夹角为90°。
进一步，所述中轧机组由若干架交替布置的两辊轧机组成，相邻两架轧机的轧制孔型依次为椭圆形与圆形，或棱形与方形，且两架轧机上的轧辊轴线夹角为90°。
进一步，所述粗轧机组、中轧机组与精轧机组的出口端还设有剪切设备。
本发明还针对上述生产线提出了一种中空钢轧制成型方法，其特征在于主要包括以下步骤：
(1)连铸坯经钻孔处理后填入芯棒，随后进入加热炉中加热；
(2)连铸坯加热至出炉温度后出炉，经高压水除鳞后依次进入粗轧机组、中轧机组及精轧机组中连续轧制出成品断面，其中，出炉温度≤1200℃，连铸坯在精轧机组中的轧制速度≤18m/s，四辊轧机中单道次轧制的延伸系数控制在1.15-1.4之间，两辊轧机中单道次轧制的延伸系数控制在1.1-1.25之间；
(3)轧制出成品断面后的中空钢经剪切设备切定尺或倍尺，再进入冷床冷却；
(4)精整处理。
本发明的有益效果在于：
(1)本发明从金属变形规律中改进传统中空钢的复合轧制生产线及工艺，形成了一套多辊轧制(圆形、六角形)中空钢的生产线及工艺方法，由四辊组成的孔型对中空钢杆件和芯棒进行多向同时压缩变形，杆件和芯棒的变形和金属延展多向同步进行，从轧件逐道次演变的理论上消除现有生产方法中容易产生的断面尺寸精度超差、金属宽展不均、尤其是芯孔不圆度高的问题。
(2)本发明通过多辊多向同步压缩方式还改善了轧件表面质量和轧制内应力，使得外部中空钢杆件和芯部形状得到较好控制，提高了产品质量与轧件精度，最终满足产品使用要求，实现了批量化稳定生产，还降低了生产成本、提高了生产效率及成材率，提升了企业竞争力。
附图说明
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果更加清楚，本发明提供如下附图进行说明：
图1为生产线示意图；
图2为四辊轧制流程图；
图3为两辊-四辊组合式轧制流程图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本发明的优选实施例进行详细的描述。
如图所示，本发明的用于轧制中空钢的生产线，包括沿轧制方向依次设置的加热炉1、粗轧机组2、中轧机组3、精轧机组4及冷床5，所述粗轧机组2、中轧机组3及精轧机组4分别由若干架交替布置的四辊轧机组成，所述四辊轧机所组成的轧制孔型为圆形或六角形， 相邻两架轧机的轧辊轴线夹角为45°～90°。
在本实施例中，粗轧机组2、中轧机组3及精轧机组4组成连轧机组，每个机组中包含6架四辊万能轧机；轧制中空圆钢时，四个轧辊均分布置并组成圆形孔，相邻两个轧辊轴线间的夹角为90°，相邻两架轧机上的轧辊以45°偏转角交错布置；轧制中空六角钢时，四个轧辊对称布置并组成六角形孔，一对轧辊占据120°夹角，另一对轧辊占据60°夹角，相邻两架轧机上的轧辊以60°偏转角交错布置，该布置方式便于轧辊咬入变形，且易于控制连续变形过程中的断面形状，防止轧件在开口辊缝处因持续变形轧制形成“耳子”，进而在后续轧制过程中形成“折叠”等缺陷；本实施例通过由四辊组成的孔型对中空钢杆件和芯棒进行多向同时压缩变形，使得杆件和芯棒的变形和金属延展多向同步进行，消除了二辊双向压缩时金属宽展不均的现状。
作为上述方案的进一步改进，所述粗轧机组2及中轧机组3可根据轧制过程的设定选用两辊连轧机组，与精轧机组4组成“两辊-两辊-四辊”或“两辊-四辊-四辊”的组合式连轧机组，其中两辊连轧机组由若干架交替布置的两辊轧机组成，相邻两架轧机的轧制孔型依次为椭圆形与圆形，或棱形与方形，且两架轧机上的轧辊轴线夹角为90°。
作为上述方案的进一步改进，所述粗轧机组2、中轧机组3与精轧机组4的出口端还设有剪切设备6，用于切除轧件不规则的边形头部，利于下道次轧件的轧制。
本发明还针对上述生产线提出了一种中空钢轧制成型方法，其特征在于主要包括以下步骤：
(1)连铸坯经钻孔处理后填入芯棒，随后进入加热炉中加热；
(2)连铸坯加热至出炉温度后出炉，经高压水除鳞后依次进入粗轧机组、中轧机组及精轧机组中连续轧制出成品断面，其中，出炉温度≤1200℃，连铸坯在精轧机组中的轧制速度≤18m/s，四辊轧机中单道次轧制的延伸系数控制在1.15-1.4之间，两辊轧机中单道次轧制的延伸系数控制在1.1-1.25之间，成型道次不低于4次；
为提高轧制机组的轧制精准度，轧制机组选用四辊组成的圆形或六角孔形连续机组，原料采用圆形断面坯料，坯料上的孔由对应尺寸的芯棒填充，确保四辊组成的孔型对圆形或六角型中空钢进行多向同步压缩；可视不同情况对应调整轧制工艺、轧制道次及延伸系数。本工艺采用的是圆形断面渐变方式，可持续保证中空钢外部杆件和芯棒的断面形状，始终维持在圆形断面，提高断面尺寸精度，消除不圆度。
(3)轧制出成品断面后的中空钢经剪切设备切定尺或倍尺，再进入冷床冷却；
(4)离线分离芯棒，在进行精整处理得到最终的中空钢成品。
本工艺也可采用方形断面坯料生产圆形、六角形中空钢产品，但除前面变形道次与上述略有不同，但为保证较高的成品尺寸精度(杆件和芯孔)，须确保成品在4个以上道次中采用多辊组合孔型轧制方式。
最后说明的是，以上优选实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制，尽管通过上述优选实施例已经对本发明进行了详细的描述，但本领域技术人员应当理解，可以在形式上和细节上对其作出各种各样的改变，而不偏离本发明权利要求书所限定的范围。

Claims (5)

  1. 一种用于轧制中空钢的生产线，包括沿轧制方向依次设置的加热炉、粗轧机组、中轧机组、精轧机组及冷床，其特征在于：所述粗轧机组、中轧机组及精轧机组分别由若干架交替布置的四辊轧机组成，所述四辊轧机所组成的轧制孔型为圆形或六角形，相邻两架轧机的轧辊轴线夹角为45°～90°。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的用于轧制中空钢的生产线，其特征在于：所述粗轧机组由若干架交替布置的两辊轧机组成，相邻两架轧机的轧制孔型依次为椭圆形与圆形，或棱形与方形，且两架轧机上的轧辊轴线夹角为90°。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的用于轧制中空钢的生产线，其特征在于：所述中轧机组由若干架交替布置的两辊轧机组成，相邻两架轧机的轧制孔型依次为椭圆形与圆形，或棱形与方形，且两架轧机上的轧辊轴线夹角为90°。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的用于轧制中空钢的生产线，其特征在于：所述粗轧机组、中轧机组与精轧机组的出口端还设有剪切设备。
  5. 一种适用于权利要求1-4任一项所述生产线的中空钢轧制成型方法，其特征在于主要包括以下步骤：
    (1)连铸坯经钻孔处理后填入芯棒，随后进入加热炉中加热；
    (2)连铸坯加热至出炉温度后出炉，经高压水除鳞后依次进入粗轧机组、中轧机组及精轧机组中连续轧制出成品断面，其中，出炉温度≤1200℃，连铸坯在精轧机组中的轧制速度≤18m/s，四辊轧机中单道次轧制的延伸系数控制在1.15-1.4之间，两辊轧机中单道次轧制的延伸系数控制在1.1-1.25之间；
    (3)轧制出成品断面后的中空钢经剪切设备切定尺或倍尺，再进入冷床冷却；
    (4)精整处理。
PCT/CN2014/092056 2014-10-08 2014-11-24 用于轧制中空钢的生产线及其轧制成型生产方法 WO2016054851A1 (zh)

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