WO2016043613A2 - Modular installation for dosing and burning of granular solid fuels - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a modular installation for dosing and burning solid granular fuel which is adaptable for various cooking and heating appliances, domestic or for industrial use. The installation, according to the invention, by means of a special constructive shape with modular interchangeable sub-assemblies, comprises a bunker (I) and a burner (II), the bunker (I) for storage having a dispenser (1) driven by a reduction gear (2) through a coupling (3), in a housing (4) provided with a supplying pipe (5) and a flexible tube (6), the bunker (I) being provided with some legs (13) and the burner (II) is composed of a combustion grid (14), and a combustion mantle (15) housed in an outer mantle (16), near to a pressure chamber (17), on which there are also: a fan (18), a spark plug (19) a holder (20) for the plug (19), a photocell (21), a Venturi-type tube (23), equipped with a helix element (24), an upper tube (29), a flame trap curtain (25) and a gravity flap (26).

Description

MODULAR INSTALLATION FOR DOSING AND BURNING OF

GRANULAR SOLID FUELS

The invention relates to a modular movable installation for dosing and combustion of granular solid fuels, adaptable for different cooking and heating devices for household or industrial use, by properly combining of interchangeable sub-assemblies, according to usage, to necessary caloric power, to the constructive shape and space required for a particular heating or cooking device.

There are known solutions for fueling and lighting of solid fuels such as invention KR20050002120, where a solid fuel burner is fitted with a fuel storage hopper and a feeder for carrying fuel inside a storage tank; the burner comprises a combustion furnace and a heat exchanger provided with a pipe heat exchanger with a casing, the exchanger serving to generate a stream of hot air or hot water, by heating the fresh air or water which is introduced inside the heat exchange pipe; the burner also includes a control unit that provides the fuel or stops fueling the oven. Another known solution is presented in WO 0239017 A1 regarding an installation comprising a combustion chamber provided with a grid on which arrives the solid fuel coming from a feed hopper, a stirrer of fuel, a feeder of fuel and a removal system for the ash resulted from combustion; the installation is provided with an afterburner chamber that communicates with the combustion chamber through a pipe; combustion is supported by a motor-driven fan, which blows air through a tube. KR20110042928 A patent is also known, regarding an automated boiler with solid fuel, comprising a main body, a fuel supplier and a fuel sensor; the boiler body comprises a furnace, water pipes in the upper part of the furnace; a tray for ash disposal resides at the bottom of a burner; the hopper for solid fuel comprises a hopper and a duct through which the solid fuel reaches the furnace; the fuel supplier is operated by a cam and a motor, and the fuel sensor is arranged in front of the feeding pipe and controls the fuel feeder. It is also known patent KR20 0045510, which relates to an automatic boiler for solid fuel composed of a main body, a combustion chamber and a hopper with solid fuels; the main body is composed of tubes of the water located in the outer wall and the combustion chamber is provided with a grid where the solid fuel arrives from the hopper, with a burner and a cleaning port; the solid fuel hopper's bottom comprises a fuel supply mechanism. Another known solution is the one from the patent GB165349, where an oven with liquid or solid fuel is composed of a burner mounted on the door of the oven and connected to the fuel by means of some flexible pipes, so that the oven door can be easily handled, for solid fuel; burner / burners are mounted on a panel attached to the oven door, over an opening and fixed by studs, the air supply being controlled by adjusting the panel when the door is opened, and for the solid fuel supply, the opening is completely closed by the panel.

A disadvantage of the known solutions consists in the fact that none of the solutions allow the displacement of the combustion plant; the prior art solutions can not be adapted, without constructing modifications, for use with various, commonly used, apparatus for heating or cooking, which causes high production costs and construction difficulties; known solutions do not provide effective protection against the risk of the fire turning back towards the fuel supply circuit, either during operation, or in case of accidental stopping of the supply system; known solutions lack a controlled guidance system for the flow of hot air, which causes a reduced thermal efficiency; the known solutions where the continuous feeding stream is carried out by means of an auger or conveyor, a further disadvantage is the lack of accuracy while dosing the fuel, which leads to incomplete combustion and may cause carbon monoxide; the known solutions also have the disadvantage of relatively long time required for the fuel to fill up the carrying gear, when starting the burner; another disadvantage of the known solutions is they are not being completely automated for all the steps of the combustion process and they do not have a self-diagnosis system for highlighting events and problems encountered during operation.

The invention's scope is to improve the adaptability of an installation for burning solid fuels, to be used with various heating or cooking appliances, facilitate the mobility of installation, improve protection against fire hazard, optimize thermal efficiency of combustion and precision of fuel dosing, decrease the time needed to fueling when starting up, completely automated operation and informing the user regarding occurring events. The technical problem solved by the invention is to provide a movable installation for dosing and combustion of solid granular fuels, having a constructive shape which is adaptable, by properly combining some interchangeable subassemblies, for various commonly used heating or cooking appliances, to provide an effective protection against the risk of fire, to improve thermal efficiency and accuracy of dosing the fuel feed, to shorten the time required for fueling while start-up, to operate fully automated during all stages of combustion and to report the events occurred during operation.

Modular movable installation for dosing and burning of granular solid fuels, according to the invention, solves the disadvantages of the known solutions in that it has a special constructive shape determined by the combination of some interchangeable modular sub-assemblies depending on the use, the necessary caloric power, particular shape and necessary space for a certain heating or cooking appliance, as installation contains in its upper part a bunker sub-assembly with a dispenser which can be constructed in three types: horizontal, vertical, or horizontal- vertical, and in the lower part of the installation there is a burner sub-assembly which can be constructed in two types: closed or open; thus, by combining interchangeable sub-assemblies, six different constructive solutions can be obtained; installation also comprises a controller sub-assembly, known per se; bunker sub-assembly for fuel storage and feeding is provided with a dispenser for dosing the quantity of granular solid fuel, being driven by a reduction gear through a coupling, the dispenser being positioned in a housing provided with a feeding pipe on which a flexible tube is attached; the housing is fitted with a plate on the fuel storage and feeding bunker, comprising a base plate, left-right walls and front-back walls; the bunker is covered with a protective cover and is provided inside with an inclined plate for guiding the granular fuel toward the dispenser, the bunker resting on legs fitted with height adjustable wheels, known per se; the burner sub-assembly is provided with a combustion grid, on which is attached a firing mantle with some holes for driving transverse air flows in an outer mantle which forms a combustion chamber, attached on a pressure chamber, on which the following components are attached as well: a combustion supporting fan, a spark plug that initiates the ignition, positioned in a spark plug holder, a photocell which controls the ignition, supported in a photocell holder, a Venturi-type tube equipped with a helix element which causes formation of eddy currents; a curtain flame trap and a gravity flap mounted on a shaft are positioned before the upper tube causing the formation of an air curtain for protection against accidental ingress of flames into the tilted funnel, and the fan is protected with a protective case.

Modular movable installation for dosing and burning of granular solid fuels, according to the invention, has the following advantages:

- it is an advantageous solution for improving the efficiency of heating or cooking devices, already in use, both in households and industry level;

- optimizes fuel consumption to achieve established caloric parameters;

- some of the safety systems operate without needing power supply;

- compared to state of the art auger systems, the dispenser performs more precisely the quantity dosage of granular solid fuel and is less bulky;

- does not require user intervention, other than for programming the temperature, afterward the installation will operate with an error margin of up to 5°C.

As follows, we present five preferred embodiments of the modular subassemblies bunker I and burner II; we exemplify three constructive types of bunkers with horizontal, vertical, or horizontal-vertical dispenser, and we also exemplify two constructive types of burners: closed or opened, so by combining these modular interchangeable sub-assemblies, we are able to get six contructive solutions for a modular movable installation for dosing and burning of granular solid fuels, according to invention, in connection with Fig.1...77 representing:

Fig. 1 - Isometric view of a modular installation, with major sub-assemblies;

Fig. 2 - Isometric view of horizontal dispenser bunker;

Fig. 3 - Side view of horizontal dispenser bunker;

Fig. 4 - Rear view of horizontal dispenser bunker;

Fig. 5 - Top view of the horizontal dispenser bunker, with route of cross-section A-A; Fig. 6 - Cross-section A-A of horizontal dispenser bunker, with positioning of

components and detail B; Fig. 7 - Detail B with representation of horizontal dispenser;

Fig. 8 - Front view of horizontal dispenser;

Fig. 9 - Side view of horizontal dispenser;

Fig.10 - Isometric view of horizontal dispenser;

Fig. 11 - Isometric view of vertical dispenser bunker;

Fig.12 - Front view of vertical dispenser bunker;

Fig.13 - Side view of vertical dispenser bunker;

Fig.14 - Top view of vertical dispenser bunker, with route of cross-section C-C;

Fig.15 - Cross-section C-C of vertical dispenser bunker, with positioning of

components and detail D;

Fig.16 - Detail D with representation of vertical dispenser;

Fig.17 - Front view of vertical dispenser;

Fig.18 - Side view of vertical dispenser;

Fig.19 - Isometric view of vertical dispenser;

Fig.20 - Isometric view of horizontal-vertical dispenser bunker;

Fig.21 - Front view of horizontal-vertical dispenser bunker;

Fig.22 - Side view of horizontal-vertical dispenser bunker;

Fig.23 - Top view of horizontal-vertical dispenser bunker, with route of cross-section

E-E;

Fig.24 - Cross-section E-E of horizontal-vertical dispenser bunker, with positioning of components and detail F;

Fig.25 - Detail F with representation of horizontal-vertical dispenser;

Fig.26 - Front view of horizontal-vertical dispenser;

Fig.27 - Side view of horizontal-vertical dispenser;

Fig.28 - Isometric view of horizontal-vertical dispenser;

Fig.29 - Isometric view of open burner;

Fig.30 - Front view of open burner;

Fig.31 - Side view of open burner;

Fig.32 - Top view of open burner, with route of cross-section G-G;

Fig.33 - Cross-section G-G of open burner, with components' positioning and detail H;

Fig.34 - Detail H with gravity flap and Venturi tube with helical element;

Fig.35 - Front view of horizontal-vertical dispenser bunker; Fig.36 - Side view of horizontal-vertical dispenser bunker;

Fig.37 - Isometric view of horizontal-vertical dispenser bunker;

Fig.38 - Front view of Venturi tube with helical element;

Fig.39 - Side view of Venturi tube with helical element, with route of cross-section J-J;

Fig.40 - Cross-section J-J of Venturi tube with helical element;

Fig.41 - Isometric view of Venturi tube with helical element;

Fig.42 - Isometric view of closed burner;

Fig. 3 - Side view of closed burner;

Fig.44 - Front view of closed burner;

Fig.45 - Top view of closed burner, with route of cross-section K-K;

Fig.46 - Cross-section K-K of closed burner, components' positioning and detail L;

Fig.47 - Detail L with Venturi tube and gravity flap;

Fig.48 - Isometric view of Solution 1 - horizontal-vertical dispenser, closed burner;

Fig.49 - Side view of Solution 1 - horizontal-vertical dispenser, closed burner;

Fig.50 - Rear view of Solution 1 - horizontal-vertical dispenser, closed burner;

Fig.51 - Top view of Solution 1 - horizontal-vertical dispenser, closed burner, with route of cross-section M-M;

Fig.52 - Cross-section M-M, with representation of gravity flap as extra fire-preventing solution, Solution 1 ;

Fig.53 - Isometric view of Solution 2 - horizontal dispenser, closed burner;

Fig.54 - Side view of Solution 2 - horizontal dispenser, closed burner;

Fig.55 - Rear view of Solution 2 - horizontal dispenser, closed burner;

Fig.56 - Top view of Solution 2 - horizontal dispenser, closed burner, with route of cross- section N-N;

Fig.57 - Cross-section N-N, Solution 2;

Fig.58 - Isometric view of Solution 3 - vertical dispenser, closed burner;

Fig.59 - Rear view of Solution 3 - vertical dispenser, closed burner;

Fig.60 - Side view of Solution 3 - vertical dispenser, closed burner;

Fig.61 - Top view of Solution 3 - vertical dispenser, closed burner, with route of cross- section O-O;

Fig.62 - Cross-section O-O, Solution 3;

Fig.63 - Isometric view of Solution 4 - horizontal-vertical dispenser, open burner; Fig.64 - Front view of Solution 4 - horizontal-vertical dispenser, open burner;

Fig.65 - Side view of Solution 4 - horizontal-vertical dispenser, open burner;

Fig.66 - Top view of Solution 4 - horizontal-vertical dispenser, open burner, with route of cross-section P-P;

Fig.67 - Cross-section P-P, Solution 4;

Fig.68 - Isometric view of Solution 5 - horizontal dispenser, open burner;

Fig.69 - Side view of Solution 5 - horizontal dispenser, open burner;

Fig.70 - Back view of Solution 5 - horizontal dispenser, open burner;

Fig.71 - Top view of Solution 5 - horizontal dispenser, open burner, with route of cross- section Q-Q;

Fig.72 - Cross-section Q-Q, with representation of gravity flap as extra fire-preventing solution, Solution 5;

Fig.73 - Isometric view of Solution 6 - vertical dispenser, open burner;

Fig.74 - Side view of Solution 6 - vertical dispenser, open burner;

Fig.75 - Back view of Solution 6 - vertical dispenser, open burner;

Fig.76 - Top view of Solution 6 - vertical dispenser, open burner, with route of cross- section R-R;

Fig.77 - Cross-section R-R, Solution 6.

Modular movable installation for dosing and burning of granular solid fuels, according to invention, can be constructed of interchangeable bunker-type subassemblies with: horizontal, vertical, or horizontal-vertical dispenser, and of interchangeable burner-type sub-assemblies: closed or opened, thereby achieving different constructive solutions, shown in Table 1.

Table 1. Modular movable installation for dosing and burning of granular solid fuels, according to invention, has a constructive form comprising in its upper part a bunker I sub-assembly for fuel storage and feeding, and in its lower part a burner II subassembly; installation also comprises a controller III sub-assembly, known per se.

Fig. 6 represents a bunker I sub-assembly, consisting of:

- a dispenser 1 that accurately doses the granular solid fuel toward the burner II;

- a reduction gear 2, known per se, which precisely controls the rotational speed of the dispenser 1; it is connected through a link known per se to the controller III;

- a coupling 3 transmits the rotational force from the reduction gear 2 to the dispenser 1 ;

- a housing 4 wich protects the reduction gear 2 against the user interference;

- a supply pipe 5 serving to take granular solid fuel from housing 4 and guides it toward burner II module;

- a flexible tube 6 that takes the granular solid fuel from housing 4 and guides it toward burner II module; that role facilitates functional link between modular sub-assemblies bunker I and burner II;

- a plate 7 facilitating the installation of a dispenser 1 on the bunker I and which closes the housing 4, which secures the bunker I;

- a base plate 8 which closes the bottom of the bunker I;

- some side walls 9 that close the left and right sides of the bunker I;

- front and back walls 10 which close the front and back of the bunker I;

- a protection cover 11 closing the upper part of the bunker I;

- an inclined plate 12 which serves as a gravity drive for the fuel pellets; It's

manufactured with the gravitational slope having an inclination between 10°...80° orientated toward dispenser 1 ;

- Some 13 feet for the bunker, having supportive role for the bunker I.

Fig. 46 represents a burner II sub-assembly, composed of:

- a grid 14 for combustion is the component on which the fuel arrives for ignition; it is vented to sustain combustion;

- a mantle 15 for combustion that keeps the fuel not to be displaced laterally from the combustion grid 14; it is provided with holes to sustain combustion; - an outer mantle 16 forms a combustion chamber where fuel burning takes place; this chamber does not allow fire or combustion gases to come into direct contact with the external environment;

- a pressure chamber 17 is an enclosure from which, owing to its construction

features, are being driven primary, secondary and tertiary air supply circuits;

- a fan 18 has the role to air supply the combustion; it is a radial fan, connected by an electrical connection known per se with controller III;

- an ignition spark plug 19 has the role to ignite the granular solid fuel, and is

connected through an electrical link known per se with with controller III;

- a spark plug holder 20 - cylindrical housing, secures and protects the spark plug 19;

- a photocell 21 serves to detect the presence or lack of flame, and is connected via an electrical connection known in itself in the third controller;

- photocell holder 22 serving to protect photocell 21 ;

- a Venturi-type tube 23 transfers the air from pressure chamber 17 toward

combustion chamber;

- a helical element 24 driving air flows so as to form eddy currents;

- a flame trap curtain 25 serves to prevent the flames returning to feeding circuit, but also serves to not letting granular solid fuel to depart too much from electrical spark plug 19 after reaching the combustion chamber;

- a gravity flap 26 prevents the flames from the combustion chamber to return toward the fuel supply circuit;

- a shaft 27 is designed to support the flap 26 and allow gravity to carry out a

swinging motion to flame trap curtain 25;

- an inclined funnel 28 which allows fuel to pass from the inlet pipe 5 into the

combustion chamber, being provided with a slope;

- upper air tube 29 facilitates air passage through some holes of inclined funnel 28;

- a fan casing 30 accommodates a fan;

- a stopper 31 prevents ashes to falling from the combustion chamber;

- a cleaner plate 32 removes the ashes after burning;

- a cleaning plate rod 33 acts the cleaner plate 32;

- a protection handle 34 guards the user from direct contact with hot parts of the burner, when cleaning the ashes. The bunker I assembly is provided with a dispenser 1, which doses the granular solid fuel, being driven by a reduction gear 2 with a coupling 3, the dispenser 1 being arranged in a casing 4 provided with a feeding pipe 5 which is attached a flexible tube 6, and housing 4 is fixed with a plate 7 on the bunker I for fuel storage and feeding, comprising a base plate 8, some left-right walls 9 and some front-rear walls 10 , the bunker I being covered with a protective cover 11 and fitted inside with a plate 12 inclined to drive the fuel toward the dispenser 1 , and bunker I is placed on some legs 13 provided with wheels, adjustable in height, known per se.

Burner II sub-assembly consists of a combustion grid 14, which is attached to the combustion mantle 15 which provides some holes for formation of transverse currents, housed in an outer mantle 16 together with which it forms a combustion chamber, attached to the a pressure chamber 17, on which there are the following components attached: a combustion supporting fan 18, a spark plug 19 which initiates ignition - positioned in a spark plug holder 20, a photocell 21 which verifies ignition and combustion - located into a holder 22 for the light sensor, a Venturi-type tube 23 provided with a pair of cross holes corresponding to each of the directions up and down, respectively, left and right, so that, driven by a helical element 24, the air flow rotates clockwise to the left side of the burner II, respectively, counter-clockwise to the right side of the burner II, forming two anticyclones, which will meet inside the combustion mantle 15 where they will form turbulence, enhancing the caloric value by transferring heat more efficiently; a flame trap curtain 25 and a gravity flap 26 mounted on a shaft 27 which protects against ignition of pellets of fuel passing through an inclined funnel 28 provided with transverse holes crossing horizontally through which the air blown by the fan 18 passes through an upper tube 29 causing the formation of an air curtain formed from cross currents, for protection against accidental ingress of flames into the inclined funnel 28; while transverse currents, firing into the room, interact with eddy currents, causing them to follow an upward trajectory and heat flow is thus directed vertically, increasing installation's efficiency; the fan 18 is protected with a protective casing 30.

Controller III sub-assembly is an electronic device that receives information from photocell 21 regarding the presence of the flame inside combustion chamber, as well as from some sensors known per se, in relation to certain operating parameters of the system such as the temperature inside combustion chamber, the solid fuel consumption etc.; depending on the user's option, to comply with certain predetermined parameters of the installation's operating mode, the controller III controls the reduction gear 2, the fan 18 and the sparking plug 19.

Example 1. According to invention and as shown in Fig. 1 , 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, a bunker I is provided with a horizontal dispenser 1 consisting of a shaft with a bore at one end, on which is mounted a star-shaped body as shown in Fig. 8, 9, 10.

Example 2. According to invention and as shown in Fig. 1 , 11 , 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, a bunker I is provided with a vertical dispenser 1 consisting of an axle with a hole at one end, on which is mounted a drum cylinder provided with curved blades as shown in Fig. 17, 18, 19.

Example 3. According to invention and as shown in Fig. 1 , 20, 21 , 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, a bunker I is provided with a horizontal-vertical dispenser 1 consisting of an axle with a hole at one end, on which there is mounted a washer, which drives a coil positioned along the shaft; at the other end of the shaft there are some blades, radially fixed on the shaft as shown in Fig. 26, 27, 28.

Example 4. According to invention and as shown in Fig. 1 , 29, 30, 31 , 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41 , an open burner II is provided with a combustion grid 14 in a tub-shaped combustion mantle 15, located in an outer mantle 16 having the shape of a truncated right prism with larger base open, facing up; partially overlapping the combustion mantle 15 there is the pressure chamber 17, next to a fan 18 positioned in the horizontal plane; at the bottom of the pressure chamber 17 there is a Venturi tube 23.

Example 5. According to invention and as shown in Fig. 1 , 35, 36, 37, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, a closed burner II is provided with a combustion grid 14 positioned at the bottom of a combustion mantle 15 of a cylindrical shape with the opening in one end located in an outer cylindrical mantle 16 having an open end; at one end of the combustion mantle 15 there is the pressure chamber 17 and behind this there is a fan 18 positioned in vertical plane; before the pressure chamber 17 is placed a Venturi tube 23; toward the open end of the combustion mantle 15, on the grid 14 there is located an ash stopper 31 , which limits the travel of a cleaning plate 32 operated by a rod 33 provided with a protection handle 34. Constructive solution 1. According to invention and as shown in Fig. 24, 46, 48, 49, 50, 51 , 52, a modular movable installation for dosing and burning of granular solid fuel is configured so to comprising a bunker I having a horizontal-vertical dispenser 1 according to Example 3 and a closed burner II according to Example 5. The granular solid fuel from bunker I is driven by gravity on the inclined plate 12 toward dispenser 1 which, driven by the reduction gear 2 as commanded by controller III, transfers a determined quantity of granular fuel in the supply pipe 5 connected by the flexible tube 6 into the pressure chamber 17 and then, by means of the sloping funnel 28 provided with some holes that cause the formation of a protective air curtain, the grains of fuel fall on the combustion grid 14 in the combustion mantle 15 provided with side holes to form transverse currents; fuel ignition is made with spark plug 19, combustion support benefiting of the air blown by the fan 18 through the tube 23 which, being provided with a helical element 24, forms eddy currents; ignition and combustion cycle is checked by a photocell 21 located in a holder 22. Protection against ignition of fuel in the sloping funnel 28 is performed by a flame trap curtain 25 and a gravity flap 26 supported by a shaft 27. For greater safety, upper tube 29 performs an air curtain inside sloping funnel 28. The burner II is attached at the bottom of bunker I with some clamping arms known per se. For easier handling, on each of the legs 13, the installation is provided with wheels adjustable in height, known per se. Also, each of the feet 13 is made of L-type profile, provided with reinforcements at the bottom; because the capacity of bunker I is 30 liters, or about 15 kg when filled with pellets, it has been observed that the usage of L-type profile is enough for supporting the full weight of bunker I; L-type profile was chosen because it can better support the weight of the bunker instead of using striplike profile; another option would have been to manufacture the feet 13 using round or square pipe profile, but those variations would have increased execution costs and also increase the total mass of fuel filled bunker I. Combustion mantle 15 is made of refractory stainless steel, increasing the life and use of the combustion chamber. The installation is dimensioned according to the application, so that the fuel refilling of the bunker I to be required only at long intervals of time. Cleaning the ash is automated, by using the fan drive at maximum speed, ash being blown into a sump known per se, placed at the bottom of the installation, that need to be emptied at an interval of 3 months if the installation is running on average about 8 hours / day. The installation for dosing and burning of the granular solid fuel enables greater operational autonomy, under full automation, with the possibility of modeling the heat system in use: boilers, furnaces etc., having an installed power between 10-35 kW and high efficiency, thus obtaining a significant fuel economy. The solution can be applied for both normal and reversed combustion boilers, for the cooking ovens using as heat source solid fuels like wood, charcoal, pellets, briquettes, corn stalks, etc. and fossil fuels. Operation is fully automated and the only user's intervention is typing temperature on controller III, which will adjust the burner's operation within +/- 5 Celsius degrees compared to the programmed value. The installation is equipped with an advanced self-diagnosis system, which identifies events and issues arising during operation. The special construction of the burner II sub-assembly can be adapted to any caloric system. The dispenser 1 with radial blades is driven by an electric motor known per se by means of a reduction gear 2 having a ratio of 750/1. Due to the construction of the dispenser 1 , fuel quantity is well defined by the cavity between two blades of the dispenser 1 , and the very low speed rotation ensured by reduction gear 2 facilitates high precision dosing, optimizing consumption and easily adjusting temperature as needed. Automatic adjustment of the amount of fuel granules is carried out according to the required heat. Both bunker I and burner II are fitted with fire protection, which acts even if the installation is not functioning properly. Controller III will stop the system safely. It continuously monitors the air flow necessary to maintain combustion, through a radial fan 18, by changing its speed as necessary, and while controlling appropriate pellet dosage for optimum performance. Fan 18 blows the primary air flow into the pressure chamber, from where it is distributed through the slots and openings in the combustion mantle 15, so as to obtain an optimum yield. It was experimented with an installation constructed according to Solution 1 , being used as a heat source for heating or cooking, using pellet-type granular solid fuel; to bring a 30 kW boiler at 80 °C, about 1/3 kg pellets are necessary, and following that, a consumption of about 2 kg of pellets/hour was needed to maintain the temperature at 80 °C. If the installation according to invention is used for a device for baking, like an oven, about 1 kg of pellets are used to bring the device to the cooking temperature of 200 °C and afterward a consumption of about 1.5 kg of pellets/hour was necessary to maintain the temperature at 200 °C. The technical characteristics of the tested installation are: feed bunker capacity is 30 liters, about 15 kg pellets; maximum heat power: 35 kW; minimum thermal power: 5 kW; flue gas temperature at rated power: 350 °C; oven temperature range: 190-210 °C; pellets at minimum power consumption: 1.5 kg / h; Pellet maximum power consumption: 0.3 Kg / 10 min; voltage, frequency: 220V, 50Hz; Electrical power for ignition ~ 500 W.

Constructive solution 2. According to invention and as shown in Fig. 6, 46, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, a modular movable installation for dosing and burning of granular solid fuel is configured so to comprising a bunker I having a horizontal dispenser 1 , according to Example 1 and a closed burner II according to Example 5. Pellet-type granular solid fuel from bunker I is driven by gravity on inclined plate 12 to dispenser 1 driven by reduction gear 2 at the command of controller III, transferring a quantity of pellets through the supply pipe 5 connected by flexible tube 6 in pressure chamber 17 and then, through the sloping funnel 28 provided with holes which cause the formation of a protective air curtain, the pellets fall on the combustion grid 14 in the combustion mantle 15 provided with side holes for the formation of transverse currents; fuel ignition is made with spark plug 19, combustion support benefiting of the air blown by the fan 18 through the tube 23 which, being provided with a helical element 24, forms eddy currents; ignition and combustion cycle is checked by a photocell 21 located in a holder 22. Protection against ignition of fuel in the sloping funnel 28 is performed by a flame trap curtain 25 and a gravity flap 26 supported by a shaft 27. For greater safety, upper tube 29 performs an air curtain inside sloping funnel 28. Toward the open end of the combustion mantle 15, on the combustion grid 14 there is located an ash stopper 31 , which limits the travel of a cleaning plate 32 operated by a rod 33 provided with a protection handle 34. The burner II is attached at the bottom of bunker I with some clamping arms known per se. For easier handling, on each of the legs 13, the installation is provided with wheels adjustable in height, known per se.

Constructive solution 3. According to invention and as shown in Fig. 15, 46, 58, 59, 60, 61 , 62, a modular movable installation for dosing and burning of granular solid fuel is configured so to comprising a bunker I having a vertical dispenser 1 , according to Example 2 and a closed burner II according to Example 5. The granular solid fuel from bunker I is driven by gravity on the inclined plate 12 toward dispenser 1 which, driven by the reduction gear 2 as commanded by controller III, transfers a determined quantity of granular fuel in the supply pipe 5 connected by the flexible tube 6 into the pressure chamber 17 and then, by means of the sloping funnel 28 provided with some holes that cause the formation of a protective air curtain, the grains of fuel fall on the combustion grid 14 in the combustion mantle 15 provided with side holes to form transverse currents; fuel ignition is made with spark plug 19, combustion support benefiting of the air blown by the fan 18 through the tube 23 which, being provided with a helical element 24, forms eddy currents; ignition and combustion cycle is checked by a photocell 21 located in a holder 22. Protection against ignition of fuel in the sloping funnel 28 is performed by a flame trap curtain 25 and a gravity flap 26 supported by a shaft 27. For greater safety, upper tube 29 performs an air curtain in front of sloping funnel 28. Toward the open end of the combustion mantle 15, on the combustion grid 14 there is located an ash stopper 31 , which limits the travel of a cleaning plate 32 operated by a rod 33 provided with a protection handle 34. The burner II is attached at the bottom of bunker I on a mounting plate known per se. For easier handling, on each of the legs 13, the installation is provided with wheels adjustable in height, known per se.

Constructive solution 4. According to invention and as shown in Fig. 24, 33, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, a modular movable installation for dosing and burning of granular solid fuel is configured so to comprising a bunker I having a horizontal-vertical dispenser 1 , according to Example 3 and an open burner II according to Example 4. The granular solid fuel from bunker I is driven by gravity on the inclined plate 12 toward dispenser 1 which, driven by the reduction gear 2 as commanded by controller III, transfers a determined quantity of granular fuel in the supply pipe 5 connected by the flexible tube 6 into the pressure chamber 17 and then, by means of the sloping funnel 28 provided with some holes that cause the formation of a protective air curtain, the grains of fuel fall on the combustion grid 14 positioned in a tub-shaped combustion mantle 15, located in an outer mantle 16 having the shape of a truncated right prism with larger base open, facing up; partially overlapping the combustion mantle 15 there is the pressure chamber 17, towards which a fan 18 positioned in the horizontal plane blows the air that passes through a Venturi tube 23 positioned at the bottom of the pressure chamber 17; the Venturi tube 23 is provided inside with a helical element 24, which drives the air as eddy currents. Ignition and combustion cycle is checked by a photocell 21 located in a holder 22. Protection against ignition of fuel in the sloping funnel 28 is performed by a flame trap curtain 25 and a gravity flap 26 supported by a shaft 27. For greater safety, upper tube 29 performs an air curtain in front of sloping funnel 28. The burner II is attached at the bottom of bunker I on a mounting plate known per se. For easier handling, on each of the legs 13, the installation is provided with wheels adjustable in height, known per se.

Constructive solution 5. According to invention and as shown in Fig. 6, 33, 68, 69, 70, 71 , 72, a modular movable installation for dosing and burning of granular solid fuel is configured so to comprising a bunker I having a horizontal dispenser 1 , according to Example 1 and an open burner II according to Example 4. Pellet-type granular solid fuel from bunker I is driven by gravity on inclined plate 12 to dispenser 1 driven by reduction gear 2 at the command of controller III, transferring a quantity of pellets through the supply pipe 5 connected by flexible tube 6 in pressure chamber 17 and then, through the sloping funnel 28 provided with holes which cause the formation of a protective air curtain, the pellets fall on the combustion grid 14 positioned in a tub- shaped combustion mantle 15, located in an outer mantle 16 having the shape of a truncated right prism with larger base open, facing up; partially overlapping the combustion mantle 15 there is the pressure chamber 17, towards which a fan 18 positioned in the horizontal plane blows the air that passes through a Venturi tube 23 positioned at the bottom of the pressure chamber 17; the Venturi tube 23 is provided inside with a helical element 24, which drives the air as eddy currents. Ignition and combustion cycle is checked by a photocell 21 located in a holder 22. Protection against ignition of fuel in the sloping funnel 28 is performed by a flame trap curtain 25 and a gravity flap 26 supported by a shaft 27. For greater safety, upper tube 29 performs an air curtain in front of sloping funnel 28. The burner II is attached at the bottom of bunker I on a mounting plate known per se. For easier handling, on each of the legs 13, the installation is provided with wheels adjustable in height, known per se.

Constructive solution 6. According to invention and as shown in Fig. 15, 33, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, a modular movable installation for dosing and burning of granular solid fuel is configured so to comprising a bunker I having a vertical dispenser 1 , according to Example 2 and an open burner II according to Example 4. The granular solid fuel from bunker I is driven by gravity on the inclined plate 12 toward dispenser 1 which, driven by the reduction gear 2 as commanded by controller III, transfers a determined quantity of granular fuel in the supply pipe 5 connected by the flexible tube 6 into the pressure chamber 17 and then, by means of the sloping funnel 28 provided with some holes that cause the formation of a protective air curtain, the grains of fuel fall on the combustion grid 14 positioned in a tub-shaped combustion mantle 15, located in an outer mantle 16 having the shape of a truncated right prism with larger base open, facing up; partially overlapping the combustion mantle 15 there is the pressure chamber 17, towards which a fan 18 positioned in the horizontal plane blows the air that passes through a Venturi tube 23 positioned at the bottom of the pressure chamber 17; the Venturi tube 23 is provided inside with a helical element 24, which drives the air as eddy currents. Ignition and combustion cycle is checked by a photocell 21 located in a holder 22. Protection against ignition of fuel in the sloping funnel 28 is performed by a flame trap curtain 25 and a gravity flap 26 supported by a shaft 27. For greater safety, upper tube 29 performs an air curtain in front of sloping funnel 28. The burner II is attached at the bottom of bunker I on a mounting plate known per se. For easier handling, on each of the legs 13, the installation is provided with wheels adjustable in height, known per se.

Referrences: KR20050002120; WO0239017 A1 ; KR20110042928 A; KR20110045510 A; GB165349 - according to the opinion on patentability documentary research conducted at Romanian State Office for Inventions and Trademarks - OSIM no.1002772 on 31.01.2014.

Claims

1. Modular movable installation for dosing and burning of granular solid fuel characterized in that, it has a special constructive shape determined by the combination of some interchangeable modular sub-assemblies depending on the use, the necessary caloric power, particular shape and necessary space for a certain heating or cooking appliance, as installation contains in its upper part a bunker (I) sub-assembly with a dispenser (1 ) which can be constructed in three types: horizontal, vertical, or horizontal-vertical, and in the lower part of the installation there is a burner (II) sub-assembly which can be constructed in two types: closed or open; thus, by combining interchangeable sub-assemblies, six different constructive solutions can be obtained; installation also comprises a controller (III) sub-assembly, known per se.

2. Modular movable installation for dosing and burning of granular solid fuel, according to Claim 1 characterized in that, the bunker (I) assembly is provided with a dispenser (1 ), which doses the granular solid fuel, being driven by a reduction gear (2) with a coupling (3), the dispenser (1 ) being arranged in a casing (4) provided with a feeding pipe (5) which is attached a flexible tube (6); the housing (4) is fixed with a plate (7) on the bunker (I) for fuel storage and feeding, comprising a base plate (8), some left-right walls (9) and some front-rear walls (10); the bunker (I) is covered with a protective cover (11 ) and fitted inside with a plate (12) inclined to drive the fuel toward the dispenser (1 ), bunker (I) being placed on some legs (13) provided with wheels, adjustable in height, known per se.

3. Modular movable installation for dosing and burning of granular solid fuel, according to Claim 1 characterized in that, the burner (II) sub-assembly comprises a combustion grid (14), which is attached to the combustion mantle (15) with some holes for formation of transverse currents in an outer mantle (16) which forms a combustion chamber, attached to the a pressure chamber (17), on which there are the following components attached: a combustion supporting fan (18), a spark plug (19) which initiates ignition - positioned in a spark plug holder (20), a photocell (21 ) which verifies ignition and combustion - located into a holder (22) for the light sensor, a Venturi-type tube (23) provided with a helical element (24) which forms eddy currents, a flame trap curtain (25) and a gravity flap (26) mounted on a shaft (27) are positioned in front of an upper tube (29) causing the formation of an air curtain which protects against the entrance of the fire flames through an inclined funnel (28) and a fan (18) is protected with a protective housing (30).

4. Modular movable installation for dosing and burning of granular solid fuel, according to Claim 2 characterized in that, the dispenser (1 ) having a special construction shape, constitutes a security mean against the risk of fire caused by the flashback of the fire flame from the burner (II) to the bunker (I) for fuel storage and supply.

5. Modular movable installation for dosing and burning of granular solid fuel, according to Claim 2 characterized in that, the horizontal dispenser (1 ) is consists of a shaft with a bore at one end, on which is mounted a star-shaped body.

6. Modular movable installation for dosing and burning of granular solid fuel, according to Claim 2 characterized in that, the vertical dispenser (1 ) consists of an axle with a hole at one end, on which is mounted a drum cylinder provided with curved blades.

7. Modular movable installation for dosing and burning of granular solid fuel, according to Claim 2 characterized in that, the horizontal-vertical dispenser (1 ) consists of an axle with a hole at one end, on which there is mounted a washer, which drives a coil positioned along the shaft; at the other end of the shaft there are some blades, radially fixed on the shaft.

8. Modular movable installation for dosing and burning of granular solid fuel, according to Claim 3 characterized in that, the open burner (II) comprises a combustion grid (14) in a tub-shaped combustion mantle (15), located in an outer mantle (16) having the shape of a truncated right prism with larger base open, facing up; partially overlapping the combustion mantle (15) there is the pressure chamber (17), next to a fan (18) positioned in the horizontal plane and at the bottom of the pressure chamber (17) there is a Venturi tube (23).

9. Modular movable installation for dosing and burning of granular solid fuel, according to Claim 3 characterized in that, the closed burner (II) comprises a combustion grid (14) positioned at the bottom of a combustion mantle (15) of a cylindrical shape with the opening in one end located in an outer cylindrical mantle (16) having an open end; at one end of the combustion mantle (15) there is the pressure chamber (17) and behind this there is a fan (18) positioned in vertical plane; before the pressure chamber (17) is placed a Venturi tube (23); toward the open end of the combustion mantle (15), on the grid (14) there is located an ash stopper (31 ), which limits the travel of the cleaning plate (32) operated by the rod (33) provided with a protection a handle (34).

10. Modular movable installation for dosing and burning of granular solid fuel, according to Claim 3 characterized in that, the gravity flap (26) having a special construction shape, ensures the closure of the sloping funnel (28) for pellet supply both during installation operation, and also in case of a system crash (electrical power failure etc.), thus forming a security element against the risk of fire caused by the return of the flame from the burner (II), through the supply circuit, toward the bunker (I) for fuel storage and supply.

11. Modular movable installation for dosing and burning of granular solid fuel, according to Claim 3 characterized in that, the Venturi-type tube (23) is provided with a pair of cross holes corresponding to each of the directions up and down, respectively, left and right, so that, driven by a helical element (24), the air flow rotates clockwise to the left side of the burner (II), respectively, counter-clockwise to the right side of the burner (II), forming two anticyclones, which afterward meet inside the combustion mantle (15) where they will form turbulence, enhancing the caloric power by transferring heat more efficiently.

12. Modular movable installation for dosing and burning of granular solid fuel, according to Claim 3 characterized in that, the inclined funnel (28) is provided with transverse holes crossing horizontally through which the air blown by the fan (18) passes through the upper tube (29) so that the flame will be pushed all the. time toward the combustion chamber, not being allowed to returning toward bunker (I) for fuel storage and supply.

13. Modular movable installation for dosing and burning of granular solid fuel, according to Claim 3 characterized in that, the upper tube (29) guides the air blown by the fan (18) causing the formation of transverse currents, which will interact with eddy currents, causing them to follow an upward trajectory, and the heat flow is thus directed vertically, increasing installation's efficiency.

14. Modular movable installation for dosing and burning of granular solid fuel, according to Claim 8 characterized in that, at the command of the controller (III), before the combustion cycle, the fan (18) is driven at a high speed and the ashes that remained on the combustion grid (14) will be blown into a sump known per se, placed in the lower part of the plant, so that the cleaning of the open burner (II) is performed automatically.