Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B30—PRESSES
  • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
  • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
  • B30B11/02—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a ram exerting pressure on the material in a moulding space
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
  • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
  • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
  • B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
  • B28B3/024—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form the pressure on the material being transmitted through flexible or resilient wall parts, e.g. flexible cushions on the ramming surface, resilient wall parts pressing as a result of deformation caused by ram pressure
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
  • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
  • B28B5/00—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping
  • B28B5/02—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping on conveyors of the endless-belt or chain type
  • B28B5/026—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping on conveyors of the endless-belt or chain type the shaped articles being of indefinite length
  • B28B5/027—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping on conveyors of the endless-belt or chain type the shaped articles being of indefinite length the moulding surfaces being of the indefinite length type, e.g. belts, and being continuously fed
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B30—PRESSES
  • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
  • B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
  • B30B15/04—Frames; Guides
  • B30B15/048—Laminated frame structures
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B30—PRESSES
  • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
  • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
  • B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
  • B30B9/24—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using an endless pressing band
  • B30B9/248—Means for sealing the press zone

Definitions

• the present invention refers to an industrial press for large-size products such as ceramic products, if desired tiles, plates or the like.
• a press of such type has a structure with a portal-like shape, provided with at least two lateral uprights, opposite each other, connected by transverse portions, between which a free opening is delimited that defines the inlet mouth for the material to be formed; such opening is accessible from two opposite sides of the press, an inlet side and an outlet side.
• the press can comprise means for supplying the material to be pressed, for example in the form of a conveyor belt that can be moved through the free opening of the structure, and power members adapted to exercise the pressing force on the material to be formed which, generally, is present in powder form.
• a subsequent processing of the pressed product is thus necessary in order to obtain the desired shape and finish thereof.
• the tiles or plates thus produced do not have a uniform tensional/structural state between the central portion and the perimeter portion, which in turn affects the resistance of the product itself to the stresses to which it is subjected in use.
• one object of the present invention is to implement a press for ceramic products adapted to obtain finished products such as tiles, plates or the like, whose perimeter portion is uniform and in accordance with the product specifications.
• Another object of the present invention is to obtain an industrial press for large-size ceramic products, such as tiles, plates or the like, which allows obtaining finished products directly by means of only the pressing step.
• a further object of the present invention is to provide a press for large-size ceramic products, such as tiles, plates or the like, which can be easily implemented in a production line.
• figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of a press according to the invention.
• figure 2 is a schematic perspective sectional view, along the plane of section II, of the press pursuant to figure 1 ;
• FIGS. 3, 5, 7 and 9 are perspective views that illustrate in detail several steps of the pressing of a product by means of a press according to the invention
• FIGS. 4, 6, 8 and 10 are sectional views that illustrate in detail the steps of the pressing of a product respectively depicted in figures 3, 5, 7 and 9;
• figure 11 is a detailed perspective view of several components of the press according to the present invention, illustrated in an operative configuration;
• figure 12 is a perspective view of the components pursuant to figure 11 , illustrated in a further operative configuration.
• an industrial press for large-size ceramic products according to the present invention is generally indicated with the reference number 1.
• the press 1 according to the present invention is provided in use for pressing a material, if desired made of powder, in order to obtain ceramic products such as tiles, plates or the like.
• the material to be pressed can be selected from among ceramic powders in general.
• the press 1 has a modular structure 2, of non-welded type or possibly welded, comprising a plurality of annular plates 3 arranged aligned in succession one after the other.
• the press 1 has a structure with a portal-like shape.
• the portal structure comprises at least two lateral uprights, opposite each other, connected by transverse portions, between which a free opening is delimited that is accessible from two opposite sides of the press, an inlet side and an outlet side.
• the modular structure 2 has a through seat 4 having at least two opposite portions in use, one lower 5 and one upper 6, preferably substantially rectilinear.
• the modular structure 2 also comprises a bed 7 that can be supported at the lower portion 5 of the through seat 4, as well as a head 8 fixable in any suitable manner at the upper portion 6 (upper during use) of the through seat 4.
• the bed 7 can be supported by the annular plates 3 along the through seat 4.
• the through seat 4 delimits, together with the bed 7 and the head 8, a work chamber 9 for housing power means, indicated overall with the number 10, intended to carry out the pressing operations. Since the structure 2 is of modular type, the size of the press 1 can be adapted as a function of specific attainment requirements.
• a press according to the present invention can comprise a portal-shaped structure which has a through seat provided with a lower portion and with an upper portion opposite one another, a bed supported at the lower portion and a head o connectable to the upper portion.
• the press 1 also comprises means for5 supplying the work chamber 9 with the powder material to be pressed, generally indicated with the reference number 11.
• the supplying means 11 comprise a conveyor belt 12, substantially ring-like, that passes through the through seat 4, and means for moving the conveyor belt 12 through the press 1, along a direction A of longitudinal o extension of the modular structure 2, not illustrated in the enclosed figures.
• the means for moving the conveyor belt 12 can comprise a plurality of rollers, not illustrated, including at least one motor, around which the conveyor belt 12 itself is wound.
• the actuation in rotation of the at least one motor roller determines the movement of the conveyor belt 12 and, 5 consequently, the advancement along the direction A of the powder material to be pressed arranged on top of the conveyor belt 12.
• the conveyor belt 12 can comprise - or it can be associated with - means for evacuating the air possibly present in the powder material to be pressed.
• Such evacuation means can comprise elements such as seats and/or openings and/or channels and/or the like, provided in the conveyor belt 12, not illustrated in the figures.
• Such elements are adapted to facilitate the evacuation of the air, possibly present in the powder material to be pressed, thus facilitating a uniform pressing thereof and preventing the formation of discontinuities such as interstices due to the air that possibly remains trapped inside the material.
• the conveyor belt 12 has, in use, an upper branch 13, as represented in the section view illustrated in figure 2, which is extended along the direction A, substantially horizontal from an inlet portion B to the press 1 up to an outlet portion C of the press 1.
• At least one portion of the conveyor belt 12 is interposed between the bed 7 and the head 8.
• the press 1 comprises power means 10 for pressing the powder material.
• Such power means 10 comprise at least one upper pressing element or punch 14, first opposite lateral holding means 15 for the material to be pressed and second lateral holding means 16 for the material to be pressed.
• first lateral holding means 15 are aligned orthogonal to the direction A, while the second lateral holding means 16, during use, are substantially aligned parallel to the direction A.
• the pressing element 14, as well as the first lateral holding means 15 and the second lateral holding means 16, in use, are adapted to retain and/or to exert respective pressing forces on the powder material to be formed, as is better described hereinbelow.
• the press 1 according to the present invention allows obtaining a finished product, and thus does not require further processing, directly by means of only the pressing step.
• the pressing element 14 can be vertically moved closer to/away from the conveyor belt 12 by means of suitable actuation means, not illustrated in the figures, e.g. of oil-pressure type.
• the press 1 can comprise, on top of the bed 7, a lower reinforcement matrix 17, in a position below the pressing element 14.
• the lower matrix 17 acts as a reinforcement element for the bed 7 at the pressing area on which the pressing element 14 abuts.
• the lower matrix 17, in use, is positioned below the upper branch 13 of the conveyor belt 12.
• the lower matrix 17 defines a plane on which the upper branch 13 of the conveyor belt 12 slides, thus providing, during the pressing step, a suitable uniform and stable support for the material to be pressed.
• the latter can have a flat shape, with a substantially rectangular plan section.
• the pressing element 14 can have a pair of first sides 14' opposite each other and a pair of second sides 14" opposite each other.
• the first sides 14' and the second sides 14" are substantially orthogonal to each other.
• the first sides 14' are aligned substantially orthogonal to the direction A of advancement of the conveyor belt 12. Consequently, the second sides 14" are aligned substantially parallel to the advancement direction A.
• the first lateral holding means 15 can comprise at least one pair of plate elements 15', each of which operatively connectable to the pressing element 14, on opposite sides.
• the first lateral holding means 15 are connected to the first sides 14'.
• the first plate elements 15' can be shaped for example substantially as a knife, each positioned at one of the first sides 14' of the pressing element 14.
• each of the first plate elements 15' is extended for a length equal to at least the width of the conveyor belt 12.
• the first lateral holding means 15 can be moved along a substantially vertical direction, with respect to the pressing element 14, between a work position, in which they project below the pressing element 14 until they are arranged in abutment against the upper surface of the conveyor belt 12, and in particular against the upper branch 13, and a retracted position, in which they do not project below the pressing element 14.
• the movement of the first lateral holding means 15 occurs by means of respective first actuation means 18.
• the first actuation means 18 can for example be of cylinder-piston type, or of any other type suitable for such purpose.
• the first actuation means 18 are adapted to move the first lateral holding means 15 between the work position and the retracted position, described above, and vice versa.
• the power means 10 can comprise means for guiding each of the first plate elements 15' along a substantially vertical direction, indicated overall with the reference number
• the guide means 19 allow maintaining each of the first plate elements 15' substantially horizontal during the movement thereof, thus ensuring that the entire lower portion of each of the first elements 15' correctly abuts against the conveyor belt 12, with the first lateral holding means 15 arranged in work configuration.
• the guide means 19, as illustrated in the enclosed figures can comprise a frame 20, for the connection of the guide means 19 and the first lateral holding means 15 to the pressing element 14.
• the connection frame 20 can comprise a plurality of abutment elements 21, e.g. pins, that are extended substantially horizontal from the connection frame 20 itself and which are engaged in corresponding openings 22, with substantially vertical extension, obtained along each of the first plate elements 15'.
• the openings 22 can be shaped like slots.
• the second lateral holding means 16 are instead arranged above the bed 7.
• the second lateral holding means 16 can comprise at least one pair of horizontal sides 23, opposite each other, aligned substantially parallel to the direction A of advancement of the conveyor belt 12.
• each of the horizontal sides 23 is substantially placed at a respective edge of the conveyor belt 12. Therefore, the horizontal sides 23 are spaced from each other by a distance substantially at least equal to the width of the conveyor belt 12.
• the horizontal sides 23 are extended for a length equal to at least that of the second sides 14" of the pressing element 14.
• the press 1 comprises second actuation means for moving the second lateral holding means 16, and in particular the horizontal sides 23, towards/away from each other between a work position and a retracted position, indicated overall with the reference number 24.
• the horizontal sides 23, opposite each other are moved mutually close until they are placed at a mutual distance substantially equal to the length of the first sides 14' of the pressing element 14.
• each of the horizontal sides 23 is arranged substantially at a respective second side 14" of the pressing element 14.
• each of the horizontal sides 23 is adapted to laterally press the powder material and to stably hold it in position in order to ensure the uniform and compact molding of a perimeter portion of the pressed product.
• the second actuation means 24 are adapted to maintain and ensure the alignment of the horizontal sides 23 during the various operative steps of the press 1, in order to ensure the correct alignment of the perimeter edges of the pressed product.
• the second lateral holding means 16 can comprise at least one pair of second actuation means 24, each operatively associated with a respective horizontal side 23. Nevertheless, further configurations of the second lateral holding means 16 are possible, with a greater or lesser number of actuation means 24, without departing from the protective scope of the present invention.
• Each of the second actuation means 24 can comprise motor means 25 for moving a respective horizontal side 23, to which they are operatively 5 connected.
• the second actuation means 24 can comprise motion transmission means 26, interposed between the motor means 25 and the horizontal sides 23, adapted to maintain the horizontal sides 23 aligned parallel to the direction A, during the movement of the latter from l o the work position to the retracted position, and vice versa.
• each actuation means 24 comprises a respective motion transmission means 26.
• Each of the motion transmission means 26 can comprise at least one movable element 27, operatively connected to the motor means 25, such as an 15 electromechanical actuation with piston or the like, adapted to move a driven element 28 in turn connected to a horizontal side 23.
• the actuation means 24 further comprise guide means 29.
• the guide means 29 can be shaped like a box-like frame in order to guide the mutual movement of the movable element 27 and the 20 driven element 28, in particular allowing maintaining the driven element 28 parallel to the direction A, during the movement thereof.
• the guide means 29 are adapted to guide the translation of the horizontal sides 23, maintaining them substantially parallel to the direction A.
• the movable element 27 25 and the driven element 28 are mutually engaged with each other by means of respective tilted planes 30.
• the translation of the movable element 27, controlled by the motor means 25, causes the translation of the driven element 28 in moving closer to or away from the movable element 27.
• the driven element 28 is translated along a direction orthogonal to that of translation of the movable element 27.
• the motion transmission means 26 thus shaped allow stably maintaining the sides 23 aligned parallel to the direction A during the movement thereof and during the pressing step, in a manner such to apply a uniform pressure against opposite sides of the powder material to be pressed.
• the first lateral holding means 15 and the second lateral holding means 16, the pressing element 14, the conveyor belt 12, during use, are adapted to respectively delimit the lateral, upper and lower walls of a work chamber in which the powder material to be pressed is held.
• the shape of the work chamber obtainable in the press 1 according to the present invention substantially corresponds to the final form of the ceramic product, such as a tile, a plate or the like, that one intends to obtain.
• the work chamber thus delimited, being sealed, prevents the leakage of the powder material during the pressing step.
• the pressed product thus obtained does not require further mechanical processing adapted to eliminate scraps or part of the perimeter portion of the obtained tile or plate, as instead occurs in the presses of conventional type for pressing powder material.
• the press 1 By means of the press 1 according to the present invention, it is possible to directly obtain, during the single pressing step, finished products such as tiles or plates or the like even with large size, characterized by a high structural uniformity and by a high finish, in particular of the perimeter portion, and hence such that they do not require further processing for removing material. In particular, it is not necessary to remove part of the perimeter portion of the pressed products, as instead can occur when employing presses of conventional type.
• the powder material to be pressed is deposited, by means of suitable arrangement means (not illustrated), on the conveyor belt 12, which advances it along the direction A, introducing it into the press 1 through the inlet portion B.
• the material to be pressed is carried below the power means 10 present in the work chamber 9.
• the advancement of the conveyor belt 12 is then stopped when the material to be pressed is situated below the pressing element 14.
• the pressing element 14 is lifted from the conveyor belt 12 and the first lateral holding means 15, together with the second lateral holding means 16, are in the respective retracted positions (see figures 3 and 4). Subsequently, the first lateral holding means 15 are vertically moved by means of the first actuation means 18 until they arrive in proximity to the work position, and arranged in abutment against the conveyor belt 12 (see figures 5 and 6).
• the second lateral holding means 16 are moved, in particular, by mutually moving closer the horizontal sides 23, until they are brought into the work position.
• the movement of the second lateral holding means 16 can in any case be carried out after or before that of the first lateral holding means 15 without departing from the protective scope of the present invention.
• the powder material to be pressed is laterally pressed, compacting it, and the two remaining opposite edges of the tile, plate or the like are delimited, with respect to those delimited by the first lateral holding means 15.
• the upper pressing element 14 is then moved, lowering it in approaching the conveyor belt 12 (see figures 7 and 8).
• the pressing element 12 is lowered against the powder material to be pressed with a pressing force of value equal to that required, each time, as a function of the characteristics of the material itself.
• the first lateral holding means 15 and the second lateral holding means 16 are moved from the work position to the retracted position, thus laterally disengaging them from the pressed product and allowing the expansion of the latter following the pressing step.
• the pressing element 14 is vertically moved, moving it away above the pressed product.
• the conveyor belt 12 is moved along the direction A, thus advancing the pressed product towards the outlet portion C of the press 1 and, simultaneously, proceeding with the loading of new material to be pressed.
• the press 1 according to the present invention allows obtaining finished products, such as tiles, plates or the like, even with large size, which in particular have a compact and linear perimeter portion.
• the perimeter portion of the pressed ceramic products thus obtained lacks discontinuities or defects.
• the finished ceramic products thus obtained therefore do not require further processing for removing possible excess material at the perimeter portion thereof.
• the ceramic products obtained by means of the press 1 have a structural uniformity, which advantageously translates into uniform resistance to the mechanical stresses to which such products are subjected during use.
• the invention thus conceived is susceptible of numerous modifications and variants, all falling within the scope of the inventive concept.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
• Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)

Priority Applications (3)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=51904200

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

Citations (6)

Family Cites Families (3)

• 2015
  • 2015-05-27 WO PCT/IB2015/053981 patent/WO2016042423A1/en active Application Filing
  • 2015-05-27 ES ES15736610T patent/ES2875931T3/es active Active
  • 2015-05-27 EP EP15736610.5A patent/EP3194152B1/en active Active
  • 2015-05-27 CN CN201580053472.6A patent/CN107073745B/zh active Active

Patent Citations (6)

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