WO2016020301A1

WO2016020301A1 - Device for applying a deicing means to an overhead line and use of such a device

Info

Publication number: WO2016020301A1
Application number: PCT/EP2015/067740
Authority: WO
Inventors: Sylvain DELLSPERGER; Uwe VOLLRATH
Original assignee: Kummler + Matter Ag
Priority date: 2014-08-05
Filing date: 2015-07-31
Publication date: 2016-02-11
Also published as: DE102014111120A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for applying a deicing means to a high-voltage-conducting overhead line (30) of electrically driven vehicles, with a nozzle head (24) which is designed for interaction with the overhead line, is held so as to be able to be brought into a spraying distance from the overhead line and is connected by a liquid line (20) to storage means for the deicing means, wherein a current collector (22, 28) of the device, which current collector is designed to make contact with the overhead line, is set up and connected in such a manner that, in an overhead-line contact state of the current collector, the nozzle head and the storage means (16), which are provided in a storage means housing (14), lie on a high-voltage potential, and the storage means housing is at least partially enclosed by an electrically earthed container (10), realizing a moving, movable or transportable housing module.

Description

Device for applying a deicing composition to a catenary and use of such a device

The present invention relates to a device for applying a deicing (or antifreeze) on a high voltage leading overhead line electrically powered vehicles according to the preamble of the main claim. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a use of such a device.

Cold and humid air lead to icing of catenaries for electrically operated vehicles such as trains or buses in wintry weather conditions. Since a considerable electrical power flows through a contact between the catenary and a vehicle-mounted pantograph, such icing is a serious problem, because icing on the catenary reduces or even halts power consumption of the vehicle; The detrimental consequences are electric arcs, interruptions of driving and possible wear of contact areas on the pantograph. Last but not least, icing-related driving losses, for example in public local and long-distance transport, are the cause of significant costs.

From the prior art, as far as generic, it is assumed to be known to act on a provided for electrically operated vehicles catenary with a deicing agent to prevent such a disadvantageous icing or reduce. In this respect, DE 10 2004 045 904 A1 clarifies a known technology which is presupposed as generic and generic, in which a nozzle head held at a spray distance from the overhead line and set up for applying the deicing composition to the overhead line is provided. is attached to a support arm on a vehicle - brings the deicing on or to the catenary, for which purpose the typically alcoholic deicing composition is applied via nozzles of the nozzle head suitably atomized.

While such a technology has proven itself in everyday operations and u.a. However, even under the designation "ProFil" the Applicant has been in use for many years, the practical use of such a contact wire defrosting technology is limited. In particular, voltage-related problems occur especially in the presence of high voltage of several 1 000 V overhead contact lines, wherein above all the spray distance between the nozzle head and the contact line during operation provokes the risk of high-voltage flashover or of an electric arc. For this reason, it is necessary to maintain a minimum spraying distance (taking into account also the electrical effects of the de-icing agent applied) in order to reduce the risk of overturning. On the other hand, too large a spray distance leads to an inaccurate or inefficient application of the deicing on the catenary, since the nozzles used always cause a distance-dependent increased de-icing. In the generic state of the art, such as the Applicant's "ProFil" de-icing technology, this leads to the fact that known, generic de-icing technologies can only be used up to typical operating voltages of a catenary of approximately 3 kV; With a safety margin, there is even a normal usage limit at 1.5kV.

However, various catenary rail systems have high voltage catenary voltages which are well above this limit and can reach up to typically 25kV, peak 27.5kV, so that the generic type deicer sprayhead technology would have limited accessibility to such systems. sen is, namely only with fully deactivated line voltage. In fact, even so far it has not been uncommon to perform de-icing of such high-voltage overhead lines mechanically or manually by deactivating operating voltage by removing icicles and other icing states of overhead lines by suitable scraper or ice removal means. Obviously, the low efficiency of such measures, coupled with a very slow working or feed rate, which is no faster than about 20km / h even under the best conditions and trained operators. Added to this is the great expenditure on equipment and personnel. During the de-icing operation, due to the deactivated driving voltage, no other driving operation is possible in the affected catenary area.

Object of the present invention is therefore to improve a generic device for applying a deicing on a high voltage leading catenary for electrically powered vehicles both in terms of their suitability for higher voltages, especially catenary voltages from 1, 5kV and above 10kV up to 25kV in which de-icing or application of the de-icing agent should be made possible at this leading high-voltage catenary. A further object of the present invention is to improve an operating speed of a deicing agent application operation so that, in particular, long, service line-based route networks can be de-iced reliably in a shorter time, thus more efficiently and with less standstill and cost expenditure.

The object is achieved by the device for applying a deicing or deicing composition according to the preamble of the main claim. Advantageous developments of the invention are described in the subclaims. Independent protection in the invention is also claims for a preferred use of such a device, namely for the convertible provision of this device in a rail vehicle wagon. In an advantageous manner according to the invention, the device according to the main claim implements the knowledge according to the invention that a suitability for significantly higher than commonly used high voltages is given if the nozzle head - kept at spray distance to the contact line during operation - even at the high voltage potential of the overhead line ( or on only slightly opposite to the high voltage potential) is held. As a result, there is no (significant) voltage difference between the contact line and the nozzle head, which would trigger detrimental effects such as flashovers, electric arcs or the like, and in turn, to increase the efficiency of the spray application of the deicing composition, the present invention makes it possible to reduce the spray distance so that an optimization of the agent used, combined with the avoidance of useless applied substance, can be achieved. This advantage according to the invention is realized in that the pantograph of the device designed to contact the catenary is set up and connected in such a way that in a catenary contact state of the pantograph the nozzle head is at a high voltage potential (namely the high voltage potential of the catenary or Voltage divider means, a contrast slightly lowered high voltage potential, which is to be understood as a "potential" within the scope of the invention, both DC voltage and - maximum - AC voltage level) is held. In the context of the invention, it is provided that the storage means upstream of the nozzle head, with regard to the liquid supply and supply, are likewise placed on the high-tension conveyor. In this regard, the invention then ensures that the inventively held in a storage medium storage means are kept isolated in an enclosing, electrically grounded container.

In this way, in addition to the described advantages of high-voltage technology, a module structure (namely by the electrically grounded container including suitably isolated formed supply storage), which according to the use of the invention almost arbitrarily different (eg rail vehicles assigned, where appropriate mounted or can be retrofitted In particular, there is the advantage that the device according to the invention does not have to be assigned stationarily and immutably to a rail vehicle, but can also be suitably converted to other carriers or vehicles as required, so that flexibility in the use of the defrosting technology according to the invention is significantly increased is.

It follows from this solution according to the invention that in addition to the suitability for significantly higher catenary voltages and a higher operating speed, namely a feasible speed in the deicing or in the application of deicing, is achievable, because it is neither a mechanical intervention on the overhead line, nor Disabling the supply voltage of the catenary in the defrosting necessary. A shortened spray distance enabled by the present invention allows the agent to be applied at high speed, high efficiency, and largely avoiding misalignments of the agent. In this regard, an additional, further preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the nozzle head has a plurality of independently of one another. other controllable nozzles for the deicing means, said nozzles are controllable by a control device (control means), which is preferably provided in the storage medium housing. Further preferred by means of suitable, for example ultrasound-based sensor means, this development of the invention allows in a current catenary position a precise activation of those nozzle (s) of the plurality of nozzles, which faces the best possible order of the catenary, so that the accuracy and efficiency of applying the Deicers is further improved.

It is within the scope of the present invention to enable a reliable defrosting operation by spraying with the deicing composition, also for overhead lines, which have an operating voltage of 25 kV and higher; In order to improve operational safety in this respect, the invention further development provides to lower the high voltage potential of the nozzle head and the storage means contrast by 5% to 30%, with an approximately 10% reduction (ie 22.5 kV nozzle head potential at 25kV Catenary potential) has proven to be particularly favorable in practice.

It has also proved to be particularly advantageous in the context of the inventive module idea, the weiterbildungsgemäß the storage means associated with these or mitrealisierenden heating and pumping means in the storage medium - as far as even high voltage - provide, then by the inventive high voltage insulation of the storage medium relative to the surrounding, electrically grounded container is a compact, portable or easily movable unit for further training according Nach- and conversion purposes is realized. The same applies to the liquid line, which - even at least with regard to the liquid high-voltage-carrying - can be insulated to the outside by means of suitable insulation measures or grounded on the shell side.

Particularly advantageous for practical operation and operational reliability is the additional development according to the invention of securing an access to the electrically grounded container with an internally provided storage medium housing and allowing such access, for example by means of otherwise known mechanically acting locking and unlocking means, only if, for example by wiring the current collector and thus interrupting the contact line contact state, it is ensured that the storage medium housing does not conduct a high voltage.

As a result, the present invention significantly improves not only the suitability of known de-icing technologies for higher operating voltages on catenaries in a surprisingly effective and structurally simple manner, but also allows the present invention, in the nature of the module concept described, to provide hitherto unavailable flexibility in terms of the following. and retrofitting or accidentally different (eg rail-bound, provided for the catenary operation) vehicles with the technology of the invention.

Further advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments and from the drawings; these show in

1 shows a schematic side view of the apparatus according to the invention for applying a deicing composition according to a first preferred embodiment, wherein the container according to the invention, electrically grounded, is arranged in a modular manner in a container. nerformat is shown with it fixed in stocking storage housing; 1 with a pantograph carrying the nozzle head in two elevation heights, a box provided on the roof side for the voltage-insulated feedthrough of lines to the storage means housing provided inside the container, and a schematically secured, access-secured partition in the container interior;

Fig. 3

With

Teilfig. 3a) and 3b) is a schematic diagram to illustrate the high voltage conditions in the catenary contact state with electrical equivalent circuit diagram in Teilfig. b); and

4 is a perspective view of the pantograph realizing a pantograph with ansitzendem, a plurality of individual nozzles having nozzle head including sensors for position detection of the overhead line for a nozzle control.

The schematic side view of Fig. 1 illustrates how in the format of a typical 10 foot container as (outer) container 10, the module structure of the present invention is realized. In the container 10, suitably decoupled via insulators 12 in terms of high voltage, a storage medium housing 14 is held, which has a tank 16 for the (typically a glycol-silicone fluid mixture having) deicing. The tank are on the bottom side heating means 18 assigned, which keep the fluid to a typical operating temperature of about 50 ° to 70 ° and keep heated. 1, the deicing agent is transported via a deicing means 20 (FIG. 2) to a nozzle head 24 (FIG. 4) provided at the driving-line-side end of a pantograph-swivel arm, where it passes through in an otherwise known manner controlled activation of single or multiple individual nozzles 26 applied. At the same time, the current collector 22 has an end grinder 28 for the electrical (and mechanical) contacting of the contact line 30 shown schematically in FIG. 2 in two relative heights to the container 10; in the catenary contact state shown, ie the grinding shoe 28 contacts the catenary 30 and picks up the high-voltage catenary potential, the high voltage used on the catenary 30 used to in the context of the invention, in addition to essential components for applying the de-icing with - To bring tels, including the nozzle head and the storage means for the deicing or deicing, to a high voltage potential; in particular the high-voltage potential of the catenary - which in the present embodiment in typical applications between about 15kV and 25kV AC - or a contrast lowered by 5% to 20% high voltage potential. For this purpose, the schematic diagram in FIG. 3 a), such as a high-voltage line 32 diverting the high-voltage potential at the contact wire 30 via a voltage divider comprising a first resistor 34 (pull-up) and a second resistor 36 (pull-down), illustrates the high-voltage potential at the high-voltage-carrying buffer housing 14 ("inner box" in Fig. 3) from 15kV or 25kV to 12.5kV and 22.5kV, respectively. Teilfig. 3b) clarifies a possible electrotechnical configuration in the high-voltage equivalent circuit diagram. It is clear in particular by the double arrow 38 that the high voltage of the line 30 with respect to the nozzle head or individual nozzles 26 by the (determined by the resistance ratio) differential voltage potential of about 500V (AC) to 2.500V (AC) is lowered.

FIGS. 2 and 3 also show further details of the high-voltage potential guidance and insulation realized here. First of all, it becomes clear that due to the low differential potential (typically 500 V to 2,500 V), the spray head is connected to the roof via a high-voltage. ge intermediate box 40 and a high voltage connection to the inner storage means housing 14 - in a relatively short, typically set to a range between about 7cm and 15cm, spray distance to the contact wire 30 can be brought without the high voltage of up to 25kV or even there 30kV causes adverse effects such as an arc or overturning. Also, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the isolated placement of the storage device housing 14 (even at high voltage potential when the current collector is wired) as the inner box within the grounded container 10 ensures that the unit thus realized, cf. For example, the container structure of FIG. 1, mobile, portable and easy to various mounting and transport conditions (such as on or on a train wagon, but also easily detachable from this) may be provided.

2 and 3 illustrate additional connecting lines from the storage medium housing 14 to the spray head 24, namely the already mentioned fluid line 20 (which is then guided through a suitable, insulated fluid passage in the upper region of the container 10 to the Vorratsungsmit- telgehäuse 14) and a Control line 42 for electrical control signals, with which on the one hand individual nozzles 26 of the nozzle head 24th On the other hand, a position sensor shown in detail in FIG. 4 and designed as an ultrasonic sensor 44 detects a current relative position of the contact wire 30 relative to the arrangement of the nozzles 26 (46 illustrates an ultrasonic detection range for distance detection) and corresponding to the sensor position. Output signal 44 then by means of a provided in the container 10 control unit 48, a respective one of the individual nozzles 26, which faces the line 30 and so far with their respective spray field 50 can cause the best possible order of the deicing, is controlled for a spray operation. Associated, the individual nozzles 26 associated solenoid valves are not shown in detail in the figures.

2 and 3 illustrate in addition at the bottom region of the container 10, a transformer or power supply device 52, with which, about a (not shown) externally coupled generator, the power supply held in the storage medium housing 14 units, in particular the heating components 18 and of pumping means for the fluid can be effected. Not shown in this context, a recycling device with which unneeded or not applied de-icing agent can be returned to the tank 16 for reheating and use.

The view of Fig. 2 shows still in the form of a vertically extending in the container 10 intermediate wall 56 a way to access protection for (in the contact line current of the pantograph at high voltage potential) storage medium housing 14: not shown in detail securing and locking means ensure that a Opening the realized as a door intermediate wall 56 is only possible if, for example, after a wire and possibly additional Er- the high voltage potential of the storage medium housing 14 is lowered and as far as a safe access is possible.

Claims

claims

1 . Device for applying a deicing agent to a high-voltage line (30) of electrically operated vehicles, with

nozzle head (24) designed to cooperate with the catenary and to be brought into a spraying distance to the catenary, which is connected to storage means for the deicing agent via a fluid line (20),

characterized,

in that a current collector (22, 28) of the device designed to contact the contact line is set up and connected in such a way that the nozzle head and the supply means (16) provided in a supply line housing (14) are at a high-voltage potential in a contact line of the pantograph

and the storage medium housing is at least partially enclosed by an electrically grounded container (10) realizing a movable, movable or transportable housing module.

2. Apparatus according to claim 1,

characterized,

in that the pantograph (22) of the device for mechanically holding the nozzle head (24) is formed in the spraying distance.

3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2,

characterized, that the pantograph on a vehicle roof of a vehicle electrically operated by means of the catenary and / or

the container (10) is providable in a vehicle interior or on an open loading area of the vehicle.

Device according to one of claims 1 to 3,

characterized,

that the current collector voltage divider means (34, 36) are associated so that a nozzle head voltage is 70% to 95%, in particular 85% to 95%, of a high-voltage catenary voltage.

Device according to claim 4,

characterized,

the high-voltage catenary voltage has at least 10 kV, preferably at least 20 kV, more preferably at least 25 kV and is present as an alternating voltage.

Device according to one of claims 1 to 5,

characterized,

in that the nozzle head (24) has a plurality of independently controllable nozzles (26) for the deicing means, which are designed so as to be controllable by control means (48) provided in the grounded container and / or in the storage medium housing.

Device according to claim 6,

characterized,

sensor means (44) are provided on the nozzle head, which sensor elements are provided for generating an electronically evaluable contact line position corresponding to a relative position of the contact line (30) to the nozzles (26). are formed sitionssignals for cooperation with the control means.

8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7,

characterized,

in that the storage means in the storage medium housing have heating means (18) and pumping means for the deicing agent. 9. Apparatus according to claim 8,

characterized,

in that the heating and pump transport means are preceded by electrical generator means, which are provided in particular outside the storage medium housing, more preferably outside the grounded container.

Device according to one of claims 1 to 9,

characterized,

the storage means in the storage medium housing are connected to the nozzle head via the liquid line (20), which is formed at least in sections with high voltage insulation and / or grounded on the casing side.

Device according to one of claims 1 to 10,

characterized,

in that the electrically grounded container has a door (56) for access to the storage medium housing mounted therein, the door being provided with preferably mechanically locking securing means so that access is only possible outside the contact line contact state.

12. Use of the device according to one of claims 1 to 1 1 for convertible provision in one or equipping a rail vehicle wagon (s).