WO2016019879A1 - 一种分量对应牛奶采集加工的方法 - Google Patents

一种分量对应牛奶采集加工的方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016019879A1
WO2016019879A1 PCT/CN2015/086200 CN2015086200W WO2016019879A1 WO 2016019879 A1 WO2016019879 A1 WO 2016019879A1 CN 2015086200 W CN2015086200 W CN 2015086200W WO 2016019879 A1 WO2016019879 A1 WO 2016019879A1
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milk
mixing tank
tank
valve
receiving mixing
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PCT/CN2015/086200
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English (en)
French (fr)
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谈臻
李仁明
吕江文
叶永林
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我家牧场南京乳业有限公司
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Priority to AU2015299558A priority Critical patent/AU2015299558B2/en
Publication of WO2016019879A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016019879A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01J—MANUFACTURE OF DAIRY PRODUCTS
    • A01J5/00—Milking machines or devices
    • A01J5/007—Monitoring milking processes; Control or regulation of milking machines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for collecting and processing dairy products, and belongs to the technical field of dairy processing.
  • the present invention provides a method for component processing corresponding to milk collection
  • the value of the milk flow meter in the milking cup is zero;
  • the cow ear tag identification device identifies the cow ear tag to confirm the basic information of the cow and will identify the basic information of the cow (including the cow number and / Or the patriline maternal line of the cow and/or the health indicator information of the cow) is passed to the master control system;
  • Step 2 Component correspondence
  • the number of the receiving mixing tanks is two or more. Specifically, it is flexibly set according to the number of cows participating in milking and the cost of the pasture; each of the receiving mixing tanks is provided with an opening for milk to enter and exit, and the opening is provided with a valve for controlling opening and closing, and the opening is set as follows: The feed port and the discharge port, or only one opening for common feeding and discharging; correspondingly, the valve is also divided into a feed valve and a discharge valve, or only one valve is used for feeding and discharging.
  • N receiving mixing tanks as an example, and respectively labeled as 1# receiving mixing tank, 2# receiving mixing tank, 3# receiving mixing tank, etc. N# receiving mixing tank.
  • the milk weighed in step 1 is transferred to the 1# receiving mixing tank: the feeding valve of the 1# receiving mixing tank is opened, the milk is delivered, and the feeding valve is closed after the delivery of the milk, and the time is determined to be closed.
  • the basis for the feed valve is:
  • the total control system estimates the estimated time for delivering the milk to the receiving mixing tank according to the measured value obtained in step 1 and the flow rate of the milk in the conveying pipeline, if the milk is actually delivered If the time reaches the above estimated time, it is deemed that the milk is delivered and the feed valve is closed;
  • the above method can ensure that the milk of the first cow enters the 1# receiving mixing tank, and only the milk of the cow is in the 1# receiving mixing tank;
  • the milk flow meter value in the milking cup is returned to zero again, and then the above steps are repeated to deliver the milk of the second cow to the 2# receiving mixing tank, and the 2# receiving mixing is closed.
  • the feed valve of the tank simultaneously opens the feed valve of the 3# receiving mixing tank;
  • the last (Nth) receiving mixing tank delivers the milk of the Nth cow
  • the milk of the N+1th cow below is input to the already empty 1# receiving mixing tank, the N+2 head
  • the milk of the cows is input into the 2# receiving mixing tank that has been emptied, and is sequentially transported and circulated according to this rule.
  • the present invention further includes the steps of sterilizing and transferring the milk, and performing the following sterilization step after at least two of the cans in the receiving mixing tank have stored milk:
  • the total control system estimates the estimated time for all the milk to be output from the 1# receiving mixing tank according to the measured value obtained in step 1 and the flow rate of the milk in the conveying pipe, if the actual conveying is performed If the time of the milk reaches the above estimated time, it is deemed that the milk is delivered, and the discharge valve is closed;
  • the above method can ensure that the milk of the cow is completely entered into the balance tank of the sterilization machine, and only the milk of the cow is in the balance tank of the sterilization machine;
  • the second portion of milk is transferred to the sterilizer balancing tank as described above, and so on, when the milk in the last receiving mixing tank is transported to the sterilizing and cooling step through the sterilizer balancing tank, the 1# receiving mixing tank is re-introduced.
  • the milk in the milk is transferred to the sterilizer balance tank, and the order is conveyed and circulated according to the rules.
  • the heat exchanger of the invention adopts five sets of heat exchangers, namely a preheating heat exchanger, a sterilizing heat exchanger, a high temperature cooling heat exchanger, a low temperature cooling heat exchanger, and a hot water preparation heat exchanger;
  • the invention provides a plurality of intermediate storage tanks for receiving the sterilized and cooled milk after sterilization and cooling steps, so as to ensure that the sterilized milk still has a corresponding amount; the number of the transfer storage tanks needs to be two or more, according to The number of milk cows involved in milking and the cost of the pasture are flexibly set; each of the transfer storage tanks is provided with an opening for the milk to enter and exit, and the opening is provided with a valve for controlling opening and closing, and the opening is set to: respectively set the inlet port and The discharge port, or only one opening for feeding and discharging; Ground, the valve is also divided into a feed valve and a discharge valve, or only one valve for feed and discharge sharing.
  • This step is described by taking N transit storage tanks as an example, and respectively labeled as 1# transfer storage tank, 2# transfer storage tank, 3# transfer storage tank, etc. N# transfer storage tank.
  • the milk of the first cow is transported from the sterilizer balance tank to the sterilization and cooling steps through the centrifugal pump and the filter. After sterilization and cooling, all the milk is transported to the 1# transfer storage tank.
  • the feed valve of the 1# transfer storage tank is closed.
  • the feed valve of the 2# transfer storage tank is opened; the basis for judging when to close the feed valve of the transfer storage tank is consistent with the principle of closing the feed valve and the discharge valve of the closed feed mixing tank, no longer Narration.
  • the milk of the second cow is transported to the 2# transfer storage tank according to the above steps; and so on, when the last transfer storage tank is sent to the milk, the milk of the next cow is transferred to the already empty 1# transfer storage tank. According to this rule, sequential delivery and circulation are carried out.
  • the milk is weighed by adding a special weighing weighing instrument between the milking cup and the receiving mixing tank to separately weigh the milk, or using the weighing with the milking function.
  • the cup is used to weigh the milk directly in the milking cup.
  • the specific process of sterilizing and cooling the milk through the sterilization and cooling steps is: transporting the milk to the preheating heat exchanger and raising the temperature to 65-70 degrees, and simultaneously feeding to the homogenizer for homogenization, and then transporting to the sterilization.
  • the heat exchanger is sterilized and finally cooled by a high temperature cooling heat exchanger and a low temperature cooling heat exchanger to the temperature required for the final product.
  • the method of the invention further comprises the steps of filling:
  • the sterilized milk is sent out from the transfer storage tank and sent to the filling machine balance tank through the output centrifugal pump;
  • the bottle unscrambler feeds the determined bottle type into the filling machine.
  • a concentration detecting instrument is further provided for detecting various physical and chemical indexes of the milk, the physical and chemical index This includes protein content and/or fat content and/or sucrose or glucose or lactose content.
  • the physical and chemical indicators of the milk detected by the concentration detecting instrument and/or the basic information of the cow obtained in the first step and/or the milking time and/or the date of manufacture and/or the shelf life are sprayed by a computer-type laser printer. On the bottle or bottle sleeve, to ensure that the contents of each bottle are consistent with the information sprayed on the bottle, so that each bottle of milk can be traced back to the source.
  • the invention utilizes a plurality of receiving mixing tanks, and controls the entire production process and equipment by the total control system, so that the milk produced by each cow can be separately filled and produced, and can be conveniently Accurately and efficiently realize the collection and processing of the milk component, and finally realize the component supply of the milk of each cow.
  • the consumer By spraying the basic information of each cow and various physical and chemical indicators on the bottle, the consumer can know which cow is in the hand, what time the milk is produced, and know the physical and chemical indicators of the milk he drinks, satisfying Consumers' demand for autonomous choice of dairy drinking has achieved a precise customization in the true sense.
  • Figure 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the method of the present invention.
  • the milking cup is placed on the nipple of the cow to milk; before each cow is milked, the milk flow meter value in the milking cup is zero;
  • the cow ear tag identification device When a cow enters the milking station, the cow ear tag identification device identifies the cow ear tag to confirm the basic information of the cow, and transmits the basic information of the identified cow and the milking time to the master control system. ;
  • the vacuum system is started to start milking.
  • the milk in the milking cup is weighed by weighing a special meter between the milking cup and the receiving mixing tank.
  • the weighing instrument weighs the milk separately, or uses a milking cup with a weighing function to weigh the milk directly in the milking cup, and transmits the measured value obtained by the weighing to the master control system.
  • the overall control system is based on The metering value is used to control the processing of the milk component in the second step;
  • Step 2 Component correspondence
  • each receiving mixing tank There are a feeding port and a discharging port for feeding in and out of the milk, a feeding valve is arranged on the feeding port, and a discharging valve is arranged on the discharging port for controlling the switch of the feeding port and the discharging port;
  • the milk weighed in step 1 is transferred to the 1# receiving mixing tank: the feeding valve of the 1# receiving mixing tank is opened, the milk is delivered, and the feeding valve is closed after the delivery of the milk, and the time is determined to be closed.
  • the basis for the feed valve is:
  • the total control system estimates the estimated time for delivering the milk to the receiving mixing tank according to the measured value obtained in step 1 and the flow rate of the milk in the conveying pipeline, if the milk is actually delivered If the time reaches the above estimated time, it is deemed that the milk is delivered and the feed valve is closed;
  • the above method can ensure that the milk of the first cow enters the 1# receiving mixing tank, and only the milk of the cow is in the 1# receiving mixing tank;
  • the milk flow meter value in the milking cup is returned to zero again, and then the above steps are repeated to deliver the milk of the second cow to the 2# receiving mixing tank, and the 2# receiving mixing is closed.
  • the feed valve of the tank simultaneously opens the feed valve of the 3# receiving mixing tank;
  • Step 3 Sterilization, transfer storage
  • the total control system calculates the amount of milk from the 1# receiving material according to the measured value obtained in step 1 and the flow rate of the milk in the conveying pipe (calculated according to the motor speed and the pipe diameter).
  • the estimated time of all the output of the tank if the actual delivery time of the milk reaches the above estimated time, it is regarded as After the milk is delivered, the discharge valve of the 1# receiving mixing tank is closed;
  • the above method can ensure that the milk of the cow is completely entered into the balance tank of the sterilization machine, and only the milk of the cow is in the balance tank of the sterilization machine;
  • the second milk is delivered to the sterilizer balancing tank as described above, and so on, when the milk in the 3# receiving mixing tank is transported to the heat exchanger through the sterilizer balancing tank, and then the 1# receiving mixing tank is re-introduced.
  • the milk is transported to the sterilizer balance tank, and is sequentially transported and circulated according to the rules.
  • Sterilization temperature setting pasteurized milk 85 degrees, sterilization time 15s
  • the sterilization machine itself and the transfer storage tank, the filling tank balance tank to the filling head, and the conveying pipes connected to each other shall be sterilized, and the packaging bottles to be filled shall be disinfected;
  • the heat exchanger of the invention adopts five sets of heat exchangers, namely a preheating heat exchanger, a sterilizing heat exchanger, a high temperature cooling heat exchanger, a low temperature cooling heat exchanger, and a hot water preparation heat exchanger;
  • the invention provides three intermediate storage tanks, which are respectively labeled as 1# transfer storage tank, 2# transfer storage tank, and 3# transfer storage tank, for receiving the sterilized and cooled milk after sterilization and cooling step, to ensure the milk after sterilization. Still corresponding to the component; each transfer storage tank is provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet for the milk to enter and exit, and a feed valve is arranged on the feed port, and a discharge valve is arranged on the discharge port to control the feed port and the outlet Switch of the material port;
  • the sterilizer After the sterilizer is ready, it enters the top water program: according to the time of one cycle operation of the sterilizer and when the water mixture is present in the retort return line (that is, when the filling machine has been sterilized and can be filled)
  • Send a signal to the master control system the master control system sends a signal to the sterilizer, as long as the operator presses the "production" button to produce), the milk in the sterilizer balance tank is transported to the sterilization through the centrifugal pump and filter Sterilization and cooling in the cooling step; the specific process of milk sterilization and cooling is: the milk is sent to the preheating heat exchanger and heated to 65-70 degrees, and then sent to the homogenizer for homogenization, and then transferred to the sterilization
  • the heater is sterilized and finally cooled by a high temperature cooling heat exchanger and a low temperature cooling heat exchanger to the temperature required for the final product.
  • the milk is sent to the 1# transfer storage tank which has been emptied and opened the feed valve (while switching the sterile air valve); when the delivery is completed, the feed valve of the 1# transfer storage tank is closed, and the feed of the 2# transfer storage tank is opened.
  • Valve; the basis for judging when to close the feed valve of the transfer storage tank is the same as the principle of closing the valve of the closed mixing tank, and will not be described again.
  • the milk of the second cow is transported to the 2# transfer storage tank according to the above steps; and so on, when After the 3# transfer storage tank is sent to the milk, the milk of the next cow is transported to the 1# transfer storage tank which has been emptied, and the order is conveyed and circulated according to the rule.
  • the materials in the 1, 2, and 3# receiving mixing tanks and the 1, 2, and 3# transfer storage tanks are not required to be cleaned, and only the storage tanks will not be produced for a long time.
  • the entire production line needs to be cleaned, and the CIP cleaning program can be selected.
  • the milk can be transferred to the filling tank of the filling machine and then enter the filling procedure.
  • the sterilized milk is sent out from the transfer storage tank and sent to the filling machine balance tank through the output centrifugal pump;
  • the filling machine enters the top water program, and according to the amount of water stored in the pipeline of the filling machine, it is estimated that when the filling water of the filling machine appears, the filling valve can be switched, and the filling machine enters the state to be produced. Wait for the preparation instructions of the subsequent equipment, and receive the prepared signal to open the filling valve on the filling machine to start filling.
  • the filling machine feed pipe enters the material topping program: when the milk in the 1# transfer storage tank reaches the filling tank of the filling machine, the filling machine inlet valve is closed, waiting for the filling machine to balance the inside of the tank.
  • the filling valve of this filling machine can only be opened when the milk reaches a low level.
  • the bottle unscrambler will determine the good bottle type (specific specifications such as 250ml, 500ml, 1000ml, etc.) into the five-in-one Filling machine (flushing, drug disinfection, sterile water washing, quantitative filling, capping five processes);
  • the present embodiment is further provided with a concentration detecting instrument for detecting the physical and chemical indicators of the milk in the milking cup/receiving mixing tank/sterilizer balance tank/transfer storage tank/filling machine balance tank, and the physical and chemical index This includes protein content and/or fat content and/or sucrose or glucose or lactose content.
  • the physical and chemical indicators of the milk detected by the concentration detecting instrument and/or the basic information of the cow obtained in the first step and/or the milking time and/or the date of manufacture and/or the shelf life are sprayed on the bottle by a computer type laser printer.
  • the body or bottle is labeled to ensure that the contents of each bottle are consistent with the information sprayed on the bottle, thus allowing each bottle of milk to be traced back to the source.

Abstract

一种分量对应牛奶采集加工的方法，以实现每头奶牛的牛奶的分量式供应。设置了挤奶步骤、分量对应步骤、杀菌步骤、中转储存步骤、灌装步骤、喷码步骤，在分量对应步骤设置多个收料混合罐，在中转储存步骤设置多个中转储存罐，并通过总控系统对整个生产流程进行控制，实现了每头奶牛生产出来的牛奶能够单独进行灌装生产，能够方便地、准确地、高效地实现牛奶分量对应的采集加工，最终实现每头奶牛的牛奶的分量式供应。

Description

一种分量对应牛奶采集加工的方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种乳品的采集加工方法，属于乳品加工技术领域。
背景技术
随着互联网及物联网的发展，越来越多的大中型牧场及乳制品生产加工企业选择计算机和信息化管理，智能化发展是必然趋势。与此同时，由于广大消费者的生活水平不断提升，人们对乳制品的要求也越来越高，不仅要考虑食品安全的问题，还要对乳品的种类、成分、生产地等等各项指标做选择，以期在玲琅满目、品种繁多的产品中挑选适合自己饮用的乳品。
在这种大的背景环境下，如何实现对每批次，甚至是每瓶牛奶做细致区分，以便消费者能够对乳品质量安全的追溯及挑选适合自己需求的乳品，已经成为业内专研的新课题。而在现有技术中，关于乳品生产加工的智能化方法中均或多或少地存在弊端，尽管能够实现对奶源地的追溯，但所有生产出来的乳品却都不分彼此全部汇集到一起，进而灌装生产。最后递到消费者的手中的牛奶，消费者依然无法知道是哪头牛、什么时间产的奶，依然无法知道自己饮用的牛奶的各项理化指标，因为这瓶牛奶根本不是出自同一头奶牛，并且也有可能不是同一时间段生产的奶。
经初步检索，现有技术中没有能够方便地、准确地、高效地实现牛奶分量对应的采集加工方法，使得消费者对乳品饮用的自主选择的可能性为零，无法实现真正意义上的精准化订制。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题，实现每头奶牛的牛奶的分量式供应，本发明提供了一种分量对应牛奶采集加工的方法，
包括如下步骤：
步骤一：挤奶
清洁奶牛乳房，用软管连接的挤奶杯套在奶牛的乳头上挤奶；
每头奶牛挤奶前，挤奶杯内的进奶流量计值归零；
当一头奶牛进入挤奶台后，由奶牛耳标识别设备，对奶牛耳标进行识别，以确认该头奶牛的基本信息，并将识别得到的奶牛的基本信息(包括奶牛编号和/ 或奶牛的父系母系和/或奶牛的健康指标信息)传递给总控系统；
启动真空系统开始挤奶,当该头奶牛的牛奶挤完时,真空度将增大,挤奶杯自动脱落,以防对奶牛乳房有伤害；
对上述挤奶杯中的牛奶进行称重；
将称重得到的计量值传递给总控系统，总控系统根据该计量值来控制步骤二中的牛奶的分量对应加工；
步骤二：分量对应
设置若干收料混合罐，用于接收所述步骤一中挤奶杯中的牛奶，以实现对步骤一中得到的牛奶的分量对应加工；该收料混合罐的数量需在两个及以上，具体根据同时参与挤奶的奶牛数量、牧场成本来灵活设置；每个收料混合罐都设置有供牛奶进出的开口，并且开口上设置有控制开合的阀门，该开口的设置为：分别设置进料口和出料口，或者仅设置一个供进料和出料共用的开口；相应地，阀门也分为进料阀门和出料阀门，或者仅有一个阀门供进料和出料共用。本步骤以N个收料混合罐为例进行说明，分别标记为1#收料混合罐、2#收料混合罐、3#收料混合罐……N#收料混合罐。
将步骤一中称重后的牛奶输送到1#收料混合罐：打开1#收料混合罐的进料阀门，输送牛奶，待该份牛奶输送完毕后关闭进料阀门，判断何时关闭该进料阀门的依据为：
(1)在收料混合罐上设置称重功能，若输送到收料混合罐中的牛奶重量达到步骤一中得到的计量值时，则视为该份牛奶输送完毕，关闭进料阀门；或者
(2)由总控系统根据步骤一中得到的计量值和该份牛奶在输送管道内的流量大小，来预算出将该份牛奶输送到收料混合罐的预计时间，若实际输送该份牛奶的时间达到上述预计时间，则视为该份牛奶输送完毕，关闭进料阀门；
上述方法能确保该头奶牛的牛奶全部进入1#收料混合罐，并且该1#收料混合罐中仅有该头奶牛的牛奶；
当1#收料混合罐的进料阀门关闭,则同时打开2#收料混合罐的进料阀门；
第二头奶牛开始挤奶前，挤奶杯内的进奶流量计值再次归零，然后重复上述步骤，将第二头奶牛的牛奶输送到2#收料混合罐，关闭2#收料混合罐的进料阀门，同时打开3#收料混合罐的进料阀门；
当最后一个(第N个)收料混合罐输送了第N头奶牛的牛奶以后，则下面的第N+1头奶牛的牛奶输入到已经清空的1#收料混合罐，第N+2头奶牛的牛奶则输入到已经清空的2#收料混合罐，依此规则进行顺序输送、循环输送。
进一步，本发明还包括对牛奶进行杀菌、中转储存的步骤，并且当收料混合罐中的至少两个罐已经储有牛奶后，方进行下面的杀菌步骤：
开启1#收料混合罐的出料阀门，将步骤二的1#收料混合罐中的牛奶通过输出离心泵输送到杀菌机平衡罐中；
当1#收料混合罐的牛奶被输送完时,1#收料混合罐的出料阀门关闭,判断何时关闭该出料阀门的依据为：
(1)利用1#收料混合罐的称重功能，若称得1#收料混合罐的重量为0时(去皮重)，则视为该份牛奶已输送完毕，关闭出料阀门；或者
(2)由总控系统根据步骤一中得到的计量值和该份牛奶在输送管道内的流量大小，来预算出将该份牛奶从1#收料混合罐全部输出的预计时间，若实际输送该份牛奶的时间达到上述预计时间，则视为该份牛奶输送完毕，关闭出料阀门；
上述方法能确保该头奶牛的牛奶全部进入杀菌机平衡罐中，并且该杀菌机平衡罐中仅有该头奶牛的牛奶；
当1#收料混合罐的出料阀门关闭,将所述杀菌机平衡罐中的牛奶经过离心泵和过滤器输送到杀菌和冷却步骤中进行杀菌、冷却；同时打开2#收料混合罐的出料阀门；
按上述方式将第二份牛奶输送到杀菌机平衡罐，如此类推，当最后一个收料混合罐中的牛奶经杀菌机平衡罐输送到杀菌和冷却步骤以后，再重新将1#收料混合罐中的牛奶输送到杀菌机平衡罐，依此规则进行顺序输送、循环输送。
本发明中的换热器采用5组换热器，分别是预热换热器、杀菌换热器、高温冷却换热器、低温冷却换热器、热水制备换热器；
本发明设置若干中转储存罐，用于接收经杀菌和冷却步骤杀菌冷却后的牛奶，以保证杀菌后的牛奶依然是分量对应的；该中转储存罐的数量需在两个及以上，具体根据同时参与挤奶的奶牛数量、牧场成本来灵活设置；每个中转储存罐都设置有供牛奶进出的开口，并且开口上设置有控制开合的阀门，该开口的设置为：分别设置进料口和出料口，或者仅设置一个供进料和出料共用的开口；相应 地，阀门也分为进料阀门和出料阀门，或者仅有一个阀门供进料和出料共用。本步骤以N个中转储存罐为例进行说明，分别标记为1#中转储存罐、2#中转储存罐、3#中转储存罐……N#中转储存罐。
第一头奶牛的牛奶通过离心泵和过滤器由杀菌机平衡罐输送到杀菌和冷却步骤，进行杀菌冷却后全部输送到1#中转储存罐，输送完毕则关闭1#中转储存罐的进料阀门,同时打开2#中转储存罐的进料阀门；判断何时关闭该中转储存罐的进料阀的依据，与前述关闭收料混合罐的进料阀门、出料阀门依据的原理一致，不再赘述。
同样第二头奶牛的牛奶依照上述步骤输送到2#中转储存罐；如此类推，当最后一个中转储存罐被送入牛奶以后，则将下一头奶牛的牛奶输送到已经清空的1#中转储存罐，依此规则进行顺序输送、循环输送。
进一步，在前述步骤一中牛奶称重的方法为：在挤奶杯及收料混合罐之间增设一个专门的计量称重仪器对牛奶进行单独称重，或者使用带有称重功能的挤奶杯，使牛奶直接在挤奶杯中称重。
进一步，牛奶经所述杀菌和冷却步骤进行杀菌冷却的具体过程为：将牛奶输送到预热换热器并升温至65度-70度，同时输送至均质机进行均质，再输送到杀菌换热器进行杀菌，最后经过高温冷却换热器、低温冷却换热器冷却至最终产品所需要的温度。
进一步，本发明方法还包括灌装的步骤：
在灌装前先要对灌装机的工作环境进行消毒；
杀菌后的牛奶由中转储存罐送出，通过输出离心泵输送到灌装机平衡罐；
理瓶机将确定好的的瓶型送入灌装机。
进一步，在前述挤奶杯/收料混合罐/杀菌机平衡罐/中转储存罐/灌装机平衡罐中还设置有浓度检测仪器，用于检测该份牛奶的各项理化指标，该理化指标包括蛋白质含量和/或脂肪含量和/或蔗糖或葡萄糖或乳糖的含量。
进一步，将浓度检测仪器检测到的牛奶的理化指标和/或步骤一中得到的奶牛的基本信息和/或挤奶时间和/或生产日期和/或保质期，利用电脑型的激光喷码打印机喷涂在瓶体或瓶体套标上，以确保每瓶的内容物与瓶体上喷涂的信息相一致，由此使得每瓶牛奶都可以追根溯源。
本发明通过采用上述技术方案，利用设置多个收料混合罐，并由总控系统对整个生产流程及设备进行控制，实现了每头奶牛生产出来的牛奶能够单独进行灌装生产，能够方便地、准确地、高效地实现牛奶分量对应的采集加工，最终实现每头奶牛的牛奶的分量式供应。通过将每头牛的基本信息及各项理化指标喷涂在奶瓶上，使得消费者能够知晓手中的牛奶是哪头牛、什么时间产的奶，知晓自己饮用的牛奶的各项理化指标，满足了消费者对乳品饮用的自主化选择需求，实现了真正意义上的精准化订制。
附图说明
图1是本发明方法实施例的流程图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明。
本发明方法的优选实施例的流程如图1所示，包含从挤奶、收料、杀菌、中转、灌装、喷码的全过程：
步骤一：挤奶
将挤奶杯套在奶牛的乳头上挤奶；每头奶牛挤奶前，挤奶杯内的进奶流量计值归零；
当一头奶牛进入挤奶台后，由奶牛耳标识别设备，对奶牛耳标进行识别，以确认该头奶牛的基本信息，并将识别得到的奶牛的基本信息、挤奶时间传递给总控系统；
启动真空系统开始挤奶,当该头奶牛的牛奶挤完时，对挤奶杯中的牛奶进行称重，称重的方法为：在挤奶杯及收料混合罐之间增设一个专门的计量称重仪器对牛奶进行单独称重，或者使用带有称重功能的挤奶杯，使牛奶直接在挤奶杯中称重，将称重得到的计量值传递给总控系统，总控系统根据该计量值来控制步骤二中的牛奶的分量对应加工；
步骤二：分量对应
设置3个收料混合罐，分别标记为1#收料混合罐、2#收料混合罐、3#收料混合罐用于接收步骤一中挤奶杯中的牛奶；每个收料混合罐都设置有供牛奶进出的进料口和出料口，进料口上设置进料阀门，出料口上设置出料阀门，用于控制进料口及出料口的开关；
将步骤一中称重后的牛奶输送到1#收料混合罐：打开1#收料混合罐的进料阀门，输送牛奶，待该份牛奶输送完毕后关闭进料阀门，判断何时关闭该进料阀门的依据为：
(1)在收料混合罐上设置称重功能，若输送到收料混合罐中的牛奶重量达到步骤一中得到的计量值时，则视为该份牛奶输送完毕，关闭进料阀门；或者
(2)由总控系统根据步骤一中得到的计量值和该份牛奶在输送管道内的流量大小，来预算出将该份牛奶输送到收料混合罐的预计时间，若实际输送该份牛奶的时间达到上述预计时间，则视为该份牛奶输送完毕，关闭进料阀门；
上述方法能确保该头奶牛的牛奶全部进入1#收料混合罐，并且该1#收料混合罐中仅有该头奶牛的牛奶；
当1#收料混合罐的进料阀门关闭,则同时打开2#收料混合罐的进料阀门；
第二头奶牛开始挤奶前，挤奶杯内的进奶流量计值再次归零，然后重复上述步骤，将第二头奶牛的牛奶输送到2#收料混合罐，关闭2#收料混合罐的进料阀门，同时打开3#收料混合罐的进料阀门；
当3#收料混合罐输送了第三头奶牛的牛奶以后，则下面的第四头奶牛的牛奶输入到已经清空的1#收料混合罐，第五头奶牛的牛奶则输入到已经清空的2#收料混合罐，依此规则进行顺序输送、循环输送。
步骤三：杀菌、中转储存
当收料混合罐中的其中两个罐已经储有牛奶后，方进行下面的步骤：
开启1#收料混合罐的出料阀门，同时开启杀菌机平衡罐的进料阀门(该阀门也可以设置在收料混合罐与杀菌机平衡罐之间的输送管道上)，输出离心泵，将1#收料混合罐中的牛奶通过输出离心泵输送到杀菌机平衡罐中；
当1#收料混合罐的牛奶被输送完时,1#收料混合罐的出料阀门关闭,判断何时关闭该出料阀门的依据为：
(1)利用1#收料混合罐的称重功能，若称得1#收料混合罐的重量为0时(去皮重)，则视为该份牛奶已输送完毕，关闭出料阀门；或者
(2)由总控系统根据步骤一中得到的计量值和该份牛奶在输送管道内的流量大小(根据电机转速、管道直径来计算)，来预算出将该份牛奶从1#收料混合罐全部输出的预计时间，若实际输送该份牛奶的时间达到上述预计时间，则视为 该份牛奶输送完毕，1#收料混合罐的出料阀门关闭；
上述方法能确保该头奶牛的牛奶全部进入杀菌机平衡罐中，并且该杀菌机平衡罐中仅有该头奶牛的牛奶；
按上述方式将第二份牛奶输送到杀菌机平衡罐，如此类推，当3#收料混合罐中的牛奶经杀菌机平衡罐输送到换热器以后，再重新将1#收料混合罐中的牛奶输送到杀菌机平衡罐，依此规则进行顺序输送、循环输送。
杀菌温度的设置：巴氏奶杀菌85度，杀菌时间15s
生产前，须对杀菌机自身和中转储存罐、灌装机平衡罐至灌装头，以及它们相互之间连接的输料管道进行杀菌，同时要对所需要灌装的包装瓶子进行消毒；
本发明中的换热器采用5组换热器，分别是预热换热器、杀菌换热器、高温冷却换热器、低温冷却换热器、热水制备换热器；
本发明设置3个中转储存罐，分别标记为1#中转储存罐、2#中转储存罐、3#中转储存罐，用于接收经杀菌和冷却步骤杀菌冷却后的牛奶，以保证杀菌后的牛奶依然是分量对应的；每个中转储存罐都设置有供牛奶进出的进料口和出料口，并且进料口上设置进料阀门，出料口上设置出料阀门，以控制进料口及出料口的开关；
待杀菌机准备好后，即进入料顶水程序：根据杀菌机一次循环运行的时间推算并当杀菌机回流管道出现料水混合物时(即待灌装机已经杀菌完毕、可以进行灌装时会发出信号给总控系统，总控系统向杀菌机发出可以生产信号，只要操作人员按下“生产”按钮即可进行生产)，将杀菌机平衡罐中的牛奶经过离心泵和过滤器输送到杀菌和冷却步骤中进行杀菌、冷却；牛奶杀菌冷却的具体过程为：将牛奶输送到预热换热器并升温至65度-70度，同时输送至均质机进行均质，再输送到杀菌换热器进行杀菌，最后经过高温冷却换热器、低温冷却换热器冷却至最终产品所需要的温度。
将牛奶送出至已清空并打开进料阀门(同时切换无菌空气阀门)的1#中转储存罐；输送完毕则关闭1#中转储存罐的进料阀门,同时打开2#中转储存罐的进料阀门；判断何时关闭该中转储存罐的进料阀门的依据，与前述关闭收料混合罐的阀门依据的原理一致，不再赘述。
同样第二头奶牛的牛奶依照上述步骤输送到2#中转储存罐；如此类推，当 3#中转储存罐被送入牛奶以后，则将下一头奶牛的牛奶输送到已经清空的1#中转储存罐，依此规则进行顺序输送、循环输送。
在连续生产时，每次1、2、3#收料混合罐和1、2、3#中转储存罐内的物料排空后不需进行清洗,只有储存罐将较长时间不生产的情况下，需对整个生产线进行清洗，可选择进行CIP清洗程序。
步骤四：灌装
当中转储存罐中的其中两个罐已经储有牛奶后才能进行将牛奶向灌装机平衡罐输送，随后进入灌装程序。
在灌装前先要对灌装机的工作环境进行消毒；
杀菌后的牛奶由中转储存罐送出，通过输出离心泵输送到灌装机平衡罐；
打开1#中转储存罐的出料阀门，开启灌装机平衡罐的进料阀门(该阀门亦可设置在中转储存罐与灌装机平衡罐之间的输送管道上)，启动输出离心泵将1#中转储存罐中的牛奶送至灌装机平衡罐中，待输送完毕关闭1#中转储存罐的出料阀门，同时打开2#中转储存罐的出料阀门，关闭阀门的时机与前述方法一致，不再赘述。此时灌装机进入料顶水程序，根据灌装机内管道存水量多少来推算何时灌装机灌装头出现料水混合物，即可切换灌装阀门，灌装机即进入待生产状态，等待后续设备的准备好指令，接到准备好的信号，可打开灌装机上的灌装阀开始灌装。
当1#中转储存罐中的牛奶清空后，即刻打开2#中转储存罐的出料阀门，并延时关闭1#中转储存罐的出料阀门。
此时灌装机进料管道进入料顶料程序：当:1#中转储存罐中的牛奶全部到达灌装机平衡罐中时，关闭灌装机进料阀门，等待灌装机平衡罐内的牛奶到达低液位时才能打开此灌装机的进料阀。
同样当2#中转储存罐中的物料清空后，即刻打开3#中转储存罐的出料阀门，并延时关闭2#中转储存罐的出料阀门。
如此类推，当3#中转储存罐中的牛奶清空后，即刻打开1#中转储存罐的出料阀门，并延时关闭3#中转储存罐的出料阀门。
如此循环。
理瓶机将确定好的的瓶型(规格如250ml、500ml、1000ml等)送入五合一 灌装机(冲洗、药品消毒、无菌水冲洗、定量灌装、封盖五道工序)；
本实施在前述挤奶杯/收料混合罐/杀菌机平衡罐/中转储存罐/灌装机平衡罐中还设置有浓度检测仪器，用于检测该份牛奶的各项理化指标，该理化指标包括蛋白质含量和/或脂肪含量和/或蔗糖或葡萄糖或乳糖的含量。将浓度检测仪器检测到的牛奶的理化指标和/或步骤一中得到的奶牛的基本信息和/或挤奶时间和/或生产日期和/或保质期，利用电脑型的激光喷码打印机喷涂在瓶体或瓶体套标上，以确保每瓶的内容物与瓶体上喷涂的信息相一致，由此使得每瓶牛奶都可以追根溯源。
上述实施方式中所涉及到的技术特征，只要彼此间未构成冲突就可以相互组合。本发明不限于上述实施例，一切采用等同替换或等效替换形成的技术方案均属于本发明要求保护的范围。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种分量对应牛奶采集加工的方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
    步骤一：挤奶
    每头奶牛挤奶前，挤奶杯内的进奶流量计值归零；
    当一头奶牛进入挤奶台后，由奶牛耳标识别设备，对奶牛耳标进行识别，并将识别得到的奶牛的基本信息传递给总控系统；
    启动真空系统开始挤奶，待该头奶牛的牛奶挤完时，对所述挤奶杯中的牛奶进行称重；
    将称重得到的计量值传递给总控系统，所述总控系统根据该计量值来控制步骤二中的牛奶的分量对应；
    步骤二：分量对应
    将步骤一中称重后的牛奶输送到1#收料混合罐：打开1#收料混合罐的阀门，输送牛奶，待该份牛奶输送完毕后关闭阀门，判断何时关闭该阀门的依据为：
    (1)在收料混合罐上设置称重功能，若所述收料混合罐中的牛奶重量达到步骤一中得到的计量值时，则视为该份牛奶输送完毕，关闭阀门；或者
    (2)由所述总控系统根据步骤一中得到的计量值和该份牛奶在输送管道内的流量大小，来预算出将该份牛奶输送到所述收料混合罐的预计时间，若实际输送该份牛奶的时间达到上述预计时间，则视为该份牛奶输送完毕，关闭阀门；
    当1#收料混合罐的阀门关闭,则同时打开2#收料混合罐的阀门；
    第二头奶牛开始挤奶前，挤奶杯内的进奶流量计值再次归零，然后重复上述步骤，将第二头奶牛的牛奶输送到2#收料混合罐，关闭2#收料混合罐的阀门，同时打开3#收料混合罐的阀门；
    当最后一个收料混合罐输送了第N头奶牛的牛奶以后，则下面的第N+1头奶牛的牛奶输入到已经清空的1#收料混合罐，第N+2头奶牛的牛奶则输入到已经清空的2#收料混合罐，依此规则进行顺序输送、循环输送。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征是，当收料混合罐中的至少两个罐已经储有牛奶后，还要进行杀菌、中转储存的步骤：
    打开所述步骤二的1#收料混合罐的阀门，将所述1#收料混合罐中的牛奶输送到杀菌机平衡罐中；
    当所述1#收料混合罐的牛奶被输送完时,所述1#收料混合罐的阀门关闭,判断何时关闭该阀门的依据为：
    (1)利用所述收料混合罐的称重功能，若称得所述收料混合罐的去皮重量为0时，则视为该份牛奶已输送完毕，关闭阀门；或者
    (2)由所述总控系统根据步骤一中得到的计量值和该份牛奶在输送管道内的流量大小，来预算出将该份牛奶从所述收料混合罐全部输出的预计时间，若实际输送该份牛奶的时间达到上述预计时间，则视为该份牛奶输送完毕，关闭阀门；
    当1#收料混合罐的阀门关闭,将所述杀菌机平衡罐中的牛奶输送到杀菌和冷却步骤中进行杀菌、冷却；同时打开2#收料混合罐的阀门；
    按上述方式将第二份牛奶输送到杀菌机平衡罐，如此类推，当最后一个收料混合罐中的牛奶经杀菌机平衡罐输送到杀菌和冷却步骤以后，再重新将1#收料混合罐中的牛奶输送到杀菌机平衡罐，依此规则进行顺序输送、循环输送；
    第一头奶牛的牛奶由所述杀菌机平衡罐输送到所述杀菌和冷却步骤，进行杀菌、冷却，再全部输送到1#中转储存罐，输送完毕则关闭所述1#中转储存罐的阀门，同时打开2#中转储存罐的阀门；判断何时关闭该中转储存罐的阀门的依据，与前述关闭收料混合罐的阀门依据的原理一致；
    同样第二头奶牛的牛奶依照上述步骤输送到所述2#中转储存罐；如此类推，当最后一个中转储存罐被送入牛奶以后，则将下一头奶牛的牛奶输送到已经清空的1#中转储存罐，依此规则进行顺序输送、循环输送；
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征是，在步骤一中牛奶称重的方法为：使用专门的计量称重仪器或者是带有称重功能的挤奶杯。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征是，牛奶经所述杀菌和冷却步骤进行杀菌冷却的具体过程为：将牛奶输送到预热换热器并升温至65度-70度，同时输送至均质机进行均质，再输送到杀菌换热器进行杀菌，最后经过高温冷却换热器、低温冷却换热器冷却至最终产品所需要的温度。
  5. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征是，还包括灌装的步骤：
    将经前述步骤送出的牛奶输送到灌装机平衡罐中；
    理瓶机将确定好的的瓶型送入灌装机进行灌装。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征是，在所述挤奶杯/收料混合罐/杀菌机平衡罐/中转储存罐/灌装机平衡罐中还设置有浓度检测仪器，用于检测该份牛奶的各项理化指标，所述理化指标包括蛋白质含量和/或脂肪含量和/或蔗糖或葡萄糖或乳糖的含量。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征是，灌装后还包括喷码的步骤：
    将所述浓度检测仪器检测到的牛奶的理化指标和/或步骤一中得到的奶牛的基本信息和/或挤奶时间和/或生产日期和/或保质期，喷涂在瓶体或瓶体套标上。
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