WO2016017085A1 - Élément optique, unité d'éclairage, dispositif d'affichage portable et appareil d'affichage d'image - Google Patents

Élément optique, unité d'éclairage, dispositif d'affichage portable et appareil d'affichage d'image Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016017085A1
WO2016017085A1 PCT/JP2015/003494 JP2015003494W WO2016017085A1 WO 2016017085 A1 WO2016017085 A1 WO 2016017085A1 JP 2015003494 W JP2015003494 W JP 2015003494W WO 2016017085 A1 WO2016017085 A1 WO 2016017085A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
curved surface
optical lens
incident
emitting
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2015/003494
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Takeshi Yonezawa
Original Assignee
Sony Corporation
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Publication of WO2016017085A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016017085A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/017—Head mounted
    • G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
    • G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
    • G02B1/11—Anti-reflection coatings
    • G02B1/113—Anti-reflection coatings using inorganic layer materials only
    • G02B1/115—Multilayers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B19/00—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics
    • G02B19/0004—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the optical means employed
    • G02B19/0028—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the optical means employed refractive and reflective surfaces, e.g. non-imaging catadioptric systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B19/00—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics
    • G02B19/0033—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use
    • G02B19/0047—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use for use with a light source
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
    • G02B27/283—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising used for beam splitting or combining
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/017—Head mounted
    • G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
    • G02B2027/0174—Head mounted characterised by optical features holographic

Definitions

  • the present technology relates to an optical member and to an illumination unit, a wearable display, and an image display apparatus using the same.
  • HMD head-mounted display
  • the virtual display apparatus includes an illumination light source, a light pipe, and an image display element.
  • Light emitted from the illumination light source is transmitted to the light pipe and enters the image display element.
  • Display light emitted from the image display element enters a light guide plate and repeatedly undergoes total reflection through the light guide plate. Thus, the light enters the pupils of a viewer.
  • an illumination unit designed to be compact an optical member used for the illumination unit, and a wearable display and an image display apparatus using the illumination unit and the optical member.
  • an optical lens for guiding light from a light source in a display device comprises: a lens body formed of a transparent solid material, the lens body comprising: a light-emitting section comprising a curved surface that is convex when viewed from a position exterior to the lens body; and a light-incident section connected to the light-emitting section at a light-emitting port and comprising a light-incident surface opposing the light-emitting port, wherein an area of the light-incident surface is smaller than an area of the light-emitting port, wherein the curved surface is positioned such that all projections of the light-incident surface through the light-emitting port may be projected onto the curved surface.
  • the curved surface has a positive curvature through a first plane and a positive curvature through a second plane perpendicular to the first plane.
  • the optical lens further comprises a reflection film applied to the curved surface of the lens body.
  • the light-emitting section further comprises a light-emitting surface that is convex when viewed from a position exterior to the lens body.
  • the light-emitting surface adjoins the curved surface.
  • the light-emitting surface adjoins the light-incident section.
  • the light-emitting section and the light-incident section are formed from a contiguous piece of the solid transparent material and the light-emitting port is an imaginary surface connecting the light-emitting section and the light-incident section.
  • light rays that pass through both the light-incident surface and the light-emitting port and then reflect from the curved surface do not subsequently pass through the light-emitting port again.
  • the curved surface is shaped such that light rays passing through both the light-incident surface and the light-emitting port experience total internal reflection from the curved surface.
  • the transparent solid material has an index of refraction between 1.48 and 1.52.
  • an optical lens for guiding light from a light source in a display device comprises: a lens body comprising: a light-incident surface; a first curved surface, different from the light-incident surface, configured to receive light that passes through the first surface and to reflect said light; and a second curved surface, different from the light-incident surface and the first curved surface, configured to receive the light reflected from the first curved surface and focus the reflected light outside of the lens body.
  • the reflected light is focused at points along a line.
  • the first curved surface is configured as a concave mirror having a positive refractive power.
  • the first curved surface has a positive curvature through a first plane and a positive curvature through a second plane perpendicular to the first plane.
  • the optical lens further comprises a reflection film applied to the first curved surface of the lens body.
  • the first curved surface adjoins the second curved surface.
  • light rays that pass through the light-incident surface and then reflect from the first curved surface do not subsequently pass through the light-incident surface again.
  • the transparent solid material has an index of refraction between 1.48 and 1.52.
  • the transparent solid material is a thermoplastic resin.
  • the second curved surface is configured as a Fresnel lens or a microlens array.
  • the second curved surface has an anti-reflection property.
  • the light-incident surface has an anti-reflection property.
  • a display device comprises: at least one light source; an optical member for guiding light from the at least one light source to an eye of the user, the optical member comprising a lens body comprising: a light-incident surface; a first curved surface, different from the light-incident surface, configured to receive light that passes through the first surface and to reflect said light; and a second curved surface, different from the light-incident surface and the first curved surface, configured to receive the light reflected from the first curved surface and focus the reflected light at a focal point outside of the lens body; and an image display unit that collects light emitted from the optical member.
  • the optical member further comprises a reflection film applied to the first curved surface of the lens body.
  • the first curved surface of the lens body is configured as a concave mirror having a positive refractive power.
  • an illumination unit designed to be compact an optical member used for the illumination unit, and a wearable display and an image display apparatus using the illumination unit and the optical member.
  • the effects described here are not necessarily limited and may be any effects described in the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view showing a part of a wearable display according to an embodiment of the present technology.
  • Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of main parts in Fig. 1 as viewed in an X-axis direction.
  • a cross-sectional view of main parts in Fig. 1 as viewed in a Y-axis direction.
  • a perspective view of the optical member. A perspective view of the optical member.
  • Illustrative structural designs of an optical member according to some embodiments.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view showing a part of a wearable display according to an embodiment of the present technology.
  • X-, Y-, and Z-axis directions in the figures indicate three axis directions orthogonal to one another.
  • the X-axis direction indicates a horizontal direction (left- and right-hand directions).
  • the Y-axis direction indicates a vertical direction (upper and lower directions).
  • a wearable display 100 is an eyeglasses-type display mountable on the head. The figure shows main parts of the wearable display 100.
  • the wearable display 100 includes an illumination unit 110, an image display unit 120, and a virtual-image optical unit 130.
  • a light guide plate 133 of the virtual-image optical unit 130 is configured to be held in front of a wearer of the wearable display 100 by the use of a temple-like mounting tool or frame.
  • the illumination unit 110 and the image display unit 120 are housed in a casing formed in the mounting tool, for example.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the main parts of Fig. 1 as viewed in the X-axis direction. In the figure, a position of a pupil is schematically illustrated.
  • the illumination unit 110 includes a light source 111, an optical member 10, a polarizing plate 112, and a diffusion plate 113.
  • the illumination unit 110 is configured to be capable of delivering light to an optical modulator 122 which will be described later.
  • the light source 111 is formed of, for example, a light emitting diode (LED). Alternatively, an illumination device such as a laser semiconductor and an electro-luminescence (EL) device may be used for the light source 111.
  • the light source 111 may be a light source having a rectangular surface, for example. Alternatively, the light source may be a light source having a plurality of colors, for example, RGB.
  • the optical member 10 is configured to be capable of refracting light emitted from the light source 111 to the image display unit 120 and collecting reflected light to form a secondary light source of the light source 111.
  • the optical member 10 is provided between the light source 111 and the optical modulator 122.
  • the optical member 10 is provided between the light source 111 and the polarizing plate 112. The configuration of the optical member 10 will be described in detail later.
  • the polarizing plate 112 is a plate-like element that allows only a certain polarized component (e.g., p-polarized component or s-polarized component) of light emitted from the optical member 10 to pass therethrough.
  • a certain polarized component e.g., p-polarized component or s-polarized component
  • the diffusion plate 113 is a plate-like element that diffuses light emitted from the polarizing plate 112 to suppress the uneven illuminance.
  • a transmissive material such as a transparent resin, glass, and ceramics is used.
  • PET polyethylene-telephthalate
  • Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the main parts of Fig. 1 as viewed in the Y-axis direction. Also in the figure, the position of the pupil is schematically illustrated. As shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the image display unit 120 includes a polarization beam splitter (PBS) 121 and the optical modulator 122.
  • PBS polarization beam splitter
  • the polarization beam splitter 121 is an element that selectively allows a certain polarized component (e.g., P-polarized component) to pass therethrough and selectively reflects the other polarized component (e.g., S-polarized component).
  • illumination light e.g., S-polarized component
  • image light L e.g., P-polarized component
  • the polarization beam splitter 121 may be cubic. However, the polarization beam splitter 121 is not limited thereto.
  • the optical modulator 122 modulates light emitted from the illumination unit 110 and emits the image light L based on an image control signal.
  • a light-reflective liquid-crystal element is used. More specifically, a liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS) liquid-crystal element or the like is used.
  • the light-reflective liquid-crystal element changes each polarized component (e.g., S-polarized component or P-polarized component) when light enters or is emitted.
  • the optical modulator 122 may be a light-transmissive liquid-crystal display element and the liquid-crystal display element may be of single-plate type or three-plates type.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic plan view showing the optical modulator 122.
  • the optical modulator 122 includes a light-incident/emitting surface 122a having a rectangular plate shape.
  • the light-incident/emitting surface 122a modulates light beams incident from the illumination unit 110 and emits the modulated light beams as the image light L.
  • a vertical direction of an image which is represented by a blank arrow in the figure, is substantially parallel to the Y-axis direction.
  • Left- and right-hand directions orthogonal to the vertical direction of the image are substantially parallel to the X-axis direction.
  • FIG. 5 is a plan view of main parts of the virtual-image optical unit 130 as viewed in the Z-axis direction from the image display unit 120.
  • the virtual-image optical unit 130 includes the collimating optical system 131, an aperture 132, the light guide plate 133, a first hologram grating 134, and a second hologram grating 135.
  • the virtual-image optical unit 130 generates a virtual image of the image light L from the optical modulator 122.
  • the collimating optical system 131 emits the image light L having a predetermined angle of view to the light guide plate 133.
  • the collimating optical system 131 may be configured to include one or more lenses. However, the collimating optical system 131 is not limited thereto.
  • the collimating optical system 131 is capable of allowing first light beams L1 substantially perpendicular to the light-incident/emitting surface 122a of the optical modulator 122 to enter.
  • the collimating optical system 131 can form a telecentric optical system on the object side.
  • the exit pupil is a pupil of the wearer.
  • the collimating optical system 131 emits the first light beams L1 to the light guide plate 133 as a plurality of parallel light beams having different angles of field.
  • the collimating optical system 131 is capable of allowing second light beams L2 whose angle of emergence is deviated from a perpendicular line as they are spaced away from the center of the light-incident/emitting surface 122a of the optical modulator 122 to enter.
  • the collimating optical system 131 can form a non-telecentric optical system.
  • the collimating optical system 131 emits the second light beams L2 to the light guide plate 133 as non-parallel light beams having different angles of field.
  • the aperture 132 is connected between the collimating optical system 131 and the light guide plate 133. As shown in Fig. 5, the aperture 132 includes an opening 132a.
  • the opening 132a has, for example, a rectangular shape along the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction. As will be described later, the opening 132a is configured to have different dimensions in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction.
  • the light guide plate 133 includes a first surface 133a facing the collimating optical system 131 of the light guide plate 133 and a second surface 133b opposed to the first surface 133a.
  • the light guide plate 133 is formed in a thin, substantially-parallel plate shape.
  • In the first surface 133a there are formed a light-incident port 133c and a light-emitting port 133d.
  • the light-incident port 133c allows the image light L from the collimating optical system 131 to enter.
  • the light-emitting port 133d allows the image light L to be emitted to the pupil.
  • the first and second hologram gratings 134 and 135 can be both configured as reflection type volume hologram gratings.
  • the first hologram grating 134 is disposed on the second surface 133b of the light guide plate 133 to be opposed to the light-incident port 133c.
  • the first hologram grating 134 diffracts and reflects the light beams at an angle satisfying an internal total reflection condition in the light guide plate 133 while maintaining the parallelism of the light beams entering through the light-incident port 133c.
  • the second hologram grating 135 is disposed on the second surface 133b of the light guide plate 133 to be opposed to the light-emitting port 133d.
  • the second hologram grating 135 diffracts and reflects the light beams traveling through the light guide plate 133 to the light-emitting port 133d.
  • the image light L entering the light guide plate 133 from the light-incident port 133c is not reflected in the Y-axis direction but travels in the X-axis direction while repeatedly undergoing reflection in the Z-axis direction.
  • the light beams of the image light L are reflected different number of times depending on their angles of field, and hence have different optical path lengths.
  • the first light beams L1 enter the light guide plate 133 as the parallel light beams. Therefore, even if the light rays have different optical path lengths, the parallelism is maintained, and hence the resulting image is not deteriorated. Further, this makes it possible to set an opening diameter (about 3 mm) of the pupil and an opening diameter of the aperture 132 in the X-axis direction to be substantially the same.
  • the second light beams L2 travel depending on the angles of field of the light rays La, Lb, and Lc from the pupil (light-emitting port 133d) to spread in the Y-axis direction as shown in Fig. 5.
  • the second light beams L2 travel to converge from the light-incident port 133c to the light-emitting port 133d depending on the angles of field of the light rays La, Lb, and Lc.
  • La, Lb, and Lc in Fig. 5 denote the light rays having different angles of field.
  • the aperture 132 is configured to have a larger opening diameter along the Y-axis direction in comparison with an opening diameter of the X-axis direction, such that the aperture 132 can allow the image light L spreading in the Y-axis direction rather than the X-axis direction to pass therethrough.
  • Figs. 6 and 7A to 7C are views each showing a configuration of the optical member 10.
  • Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view.
  • Figs. 7A and 7B are perspective views as viewed in different directions.
  • Fig. 7C is a plan view of a light-incident section 11 as viewed from the Z-axis direction.
  • the optical member 10 is formed of a transparent material.
  • the transparent material may contain a thermoplastic resin. With this, the optical member 10 can be easily molded by various molding methods.
  • the thermoplastic resin may include cyclo olefin polymer (product name, ZEONEX (registered trademark)), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), and a polycarbonate resin.
  • the refractive index of the transparent material can be, for example, equal to or higher than 1.48, more favorably equal to or higher than 1.52. With this, desired optical properties can be provided.
  • the optical member 10 includes the light-incident section 11, a curved surface section 12, and a light-emitting section 13. Further, a region including the curved surface section 12 and the light-emitting section 13 will be referred to as a main body 19.
  • the light-incident section 11 includes a light-incident surface 14 and a light source-enlarging section 15.
  • the light-incident surface 14 allows light emitted from the light source 111 to enter.
  • the light-incident surface 14 may be a flat surface or may be a curved surface.
  • the light source-enlarging section 15 includes a light-incident port 15a in which the light-incident surface 14 is formed, a light-emitting port 15b connected to the main body 19, and a light guide section 15c that connects the light-incident port 15a and the light-emitting port 15b to each other.
  • the light source-enlarging section 15 is configured to be capable of internally reflecting light beams entering from the light-incident port 15a on an inner peripheral surface of the light guide section 15c to emit the light beams to the light-emitting port 15b. That is, the light source-enlarging section 15 functions as a light pipe, a light tunnel, a light rod, or the like.
  • the light source-enlarging section 15 may include a high-reflectance metal (e.g., silver or aluminum) film.
  • the light source-enlarging section 15 is capable of spreading the light beams emitted by the light source 111 from the light-incident surface 14 to the curved surface section 12.
  • the light-emitting port 15b is larger than the light-incident port 15a.
  • the light source-enlarging section 15 is configured such that a single reflection is performed in the light guide section 15c, the light source-enlarging section 15 can emit the light beams that can form a plurality of images of the light source 111. Consequently, the light source-enlarging section 15 can form a secondary light source larger than the light source 111.
  • the uniformity of the light of the secondary light source can be enhanced.
  • the light source-enlarging section 15 is capable of spreading the light rays in all directions.
  • the light source-enlarging section 15 is capable of spreading the first light beams L1 along the X-axis direction (first axis direction) and spreading the second light beams L2 along the Y-axis direction (second axis direction) orthogonal to the X-axis direction (see Figs. 7A, 8A, and 8B).
  • the light source-enlarging section 15 is integrally formed with the main body 19. This makes it possible to enhance the positional accuracy of the light source-enlarging section 15 with respect to the main body 19 and integrally mold the light source-enlarging section 15 and the main body 19 in manufacture.
  • the curved surface section 12 is configured to be capable of internally reflecting incident light to the light-emitting section 13 to collect the incident light. That is, the curved surface section 12 can be configured as a concave mirror having a positive refractive power. Due to the light-collecting action of the curved surface section 12, it is possible to form a secondary light source having a desired size with a shorter optical path length. Thus, it is possible to shorten the optical path length necessary from the light source 111 to the image display unit 120.
  • the curved surface section 12 includes a reflection film 17 in which a reflection surface 16 is formed.
  • the curved surface section 12 includes the reflection film 17, and hence it is unnecessary to consider the total reflection condition and the like. Thus, it is possible to increase the degree of freedom in design.
  • the reflection film 17 can be, for example, silver or aluminum. With this, it is possible to form the reflection surface 16 having a high reflectance. Further, the reflection film 17 can be, for example, a deposition film formed by deposition. With this, the adhesiveness of the reflection film 17 can be increased.
  • the curved surface section 12 can be configured to include a free curved surface.
  • the reflection surface 16 can be the free curved surface.
  • the free curved surface means a curved surface having a shape that cannot be represented by a flat surface, a cylindrical surface, and a spherical surface and does not have an axis of rotational symmetry. This curved surface section 12 makes it possible to increase the degree of freedom in shape and form a secondary light source that is compatible with the optical designs of the image display unit 120 and the virtual-image optical unit 130.
  • the light-emitting section 13 includes a light-emitting surface 18 and emits light reflected by the curved surface section 12 to the image display unit 120.
  • the light-emitting surface 18 may be, for example, configured as a convex lens surface. With this, it is possible to enhance the light-collecting properties of the reflected light. More specifically, the light-emitting surface 18 may be formed of a free curved surface.
  • the above-mentioned optical member 10 is, for example, configured such that the curved surface section 12 includes the single reflection surface 16 and the reflection surface 16 and the light-emitting surface 18 are continuous with each other.
  • the main body 19 includes at least five surfaces in addition to the reflection surface 16 and the light-emitting surface 18.
  • the at least five surfaces include two or more non-optical surfaces 20 and a main body light-incident surface 21.
  • the two or more non-optical surfaces 20 are provided continuously with the reflection surface 16 and the light-emitting surface 18.
  • the shape of the curved surface section 12 of the optical member 10 will be further described in detail.
  • Figs. 8A and 8B are views each showing a relationship between curvatures and light beams in the curved surface section 12.
  • Fig. 8A is a cross-sectional view as viewed in the Y-axis direction.
  • Fig. 8B is a cross-sectional view as viewed in the X-axis direction.
  • the curved surface section 12 may include a first curvature in a first region S1 on which the first light beams L1 spread by the light source-enlarging section 15 is reflected and a second curvature in a second region S2 on which the second light beams L2 are reflected.
  • the first curvature can be a curvature different from the second curvature. That is, as shown in Fig. 8, the first curvature has a first curvature radius R1 and the second curvature has a second curvature radius R2 different from the first curvature radius R1.
  • the first light beams L1 are light spread along the X-axis direction.
  • the first light beams L1 are reflected on the curved surface section 12 and enter a region along the X-axis direction of the optical modulator 122.
  • the X-axis direction corresponds to a direction orthogonal to the vertical direction of an image generated by the optical modulator 122.
  • the first light beams L1 enter the collimating optical system 131 in substantially parallel to each other as shown in Fig. 3.
  • the first light beams L1 are guided into the light guide plate 133 as parallel light beams and emitted from the light-emitting port 133d.
  • the first light beams L1 can be reflected as light beams including substantially parallel light rays also in the curved surface section 12. That is, the first curvature is, for example, set such that the first light beams L1 can be reflected as the telecentric illumination light.
  • the second light beams L2 are light that is spread along the Y-axis direction and reflected on the curved surface section 12 and enter a region along the Y-axis direction of the optical modulator 122.
  • the Y-axis direction corresponds to the vertical direction of an image generated by the optical modulator 122.
  • the second light beams L2 enter the collimating optical system 131 as non-parallel light beams and enter the light guide plate 133.
  • the second light beams L2 are guided into the light guide plate 133 to converge on the light-emitting port 133d depending on the angles of field (see Fig. 5) and emitted from the light-emitting port 133d.
  • the second light beams L2 can be reflected as light beams not including parallel light rays on the curved surface section 12. That is, the second curvature is, for example, set such that the second light beams L2 can be reflected as non-telecentric illumination light. More specifically, the second curvature is set such that the second light beams L2 can be collected between the optical member 10 and the optical modulator 122 and a Koehler illumination system can be formed in the YZ-plane as viewed in the X-axis direction. With this, it is possible to form secondary illumination light having a more uniform luminance.
  • the first curvature can be smaller than the second curvature.
  • the first curvature radius R1 can be larger than the second curvature radius R2.
  • optical member 10 is not limited to the following configuration.
  • Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing an optical member 10 according to an example.
  • a point O is set at an origin of coordinates and an xyz-coordinate system as shown in the figure is set as a reference coordinate system.
  • an x-axis corresponds to an X-axis
  • a y-axis corresponds to a Z-axis
  • a z-axis corresponds to a Y-axis.
  • So1 is an origin of a local coordinate system of the light-incident surface 14
  • So2 is an origin of a local coordinate system of the reflection surface 16
  • So3 is an origin of a local coordinate system of the light-emitting surface 18. Note that the unit of numerical values shown below is mm. Further, in the figure, the illustration of the reflection film is omitted.
  • Coordinates of So1 in the xyz-coordinate system are expressed by the following Expressions (1) and (2). Note that, regarding ?x, a direction for rotating the x-axis to the left is defined as a positive direction.
  • Coordinates of So2 in the xyz-coordinate system are expressed by the following Expressions (3) and (4).
  • Coordinates of So3 in the xyz-coordinate system are expressed by the following Expressions (5) and (6).
  • a length t1 of a short side of the light-incident surface 14 can be 1.30
  • a length t2 of the light source-enlarging section 15 can be 3.00
  • an angle ⁇ formed by the light-incident surface 14 and the light guide section 15c can be 104.0 degrees.
  • the shape of the free curved surface is generally expressed by the following Expression (7) where a sag amount of each local coordinate system from the xyz-coordinate system as a reference is Z.
  • A, B, C, D, E, and F are coefficients of the members. These coefficients can be, for example, numerical values shown in Table 1 below.
  • the optical member 10 includes the curved surface section 12, and hence it is possible to exert a strong light-collecting action. Thus, it is possible to shorten the distance from the light source 111 to the optical modulator 122.
  • the actions and effects of the optical member 10 and the illumination unit 110 will be described using a reference example.
  • Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing an illumination unit 310 according to a reference example of this embodiment.
  • the illumination unit 310 includes a light source 111, a light pipe 312, a reflection mirror 313, a light-collecting lens 314, a polarizing plate 112, and a diffusion plate 113.
  • This illumination unit 310 is configured to be capable of collecting light, which is reflected on the reflection mirror 313, through the light-collecting lens 314 to form a secondary light source.
  • the light source 111, the polarizing plate 112, the diffusion plate 113, and the like are the same as the above-mentioned configuration, and hence descriptions thereof will be omitted.
  • the optical member 10 shown by the broken line of the figure, it is possible to realize the downsizing of the illumination unit 110 in comparison with the configuration of the above-mentioned illumination unit 310.
  • the optical member 10 includes the light source-enlarging section 15 having a function as the light pipe, and hence the configuration of the above-mentioned light pipe 312 becomes unnecessary. It can further contribute to the downsizing.
  • the light source-enlarging section 15 is integrally formed with the main body 19, and hence it is possible to increase the optical position accuracy.
  • the reflection surface 16 of the curved surface section 12 and the light-emitting surface 18 of the light-emitting section 13 are continuous with each other. Therefore, it is possible to immediately emit light rays, which are reflected on the curved surface section 12, from the light-emitting section 13. Thus, it is possible to realize further downsizing.
  • the wearable display 100 of the optical member 10 (illumination unit 110) according to this embodiment, it is possible to reduce the size and weight of the entire apparatus. Further, due to the reduction of the number of parts, it is possible to increase the optical position accuracy and to facilitate the assembly in production and increase the productivity.
  • the curved surface section 12 includes the free curved surface, and hence it is possible to provide the wearable display 100 including the virtual-image optical unit 130 with an optimal illumination optical system.
  • the light-emitting surface 18 of the light-emitting section 13 may be configured as a Fresnel lens.
  • the light-emitting surface 18 can be a thin surface having a desired lens function.
  • the light-emitting surface 18 may be configured as a surface having a diffusion function. More specifically, the light-emitting surface 18 may be screen-printed, for example, or may be formed in a micro lens array shape. In this case, the light-emitting surface 18 may be a flat surface or may be a curved surface section.
  • the curved surface section 12 includes a metal reflection film in the above-mentioned embodiment, it is not limited thereto.
  • the curved surface section may configured to include a wire grid in which a reflection surface is formed. This makes it possible for only a particular polarized component to be reflected on the reflection surface. Thus, a polarization plate becomes necessary, which contributes to further downsizing.
  • the light source-enlarging section 15 is integrally formed with the main body 19 in the above-mentioned embodiment, it is not limited thereto.
  • the light source-enlarging section 15 may be bonded to the main body 19 via an adhesive that is a transparent material.
  • the light source-enlarging section 15 is not limited to be configured to include the light pipe shape.
  • a structure of a micro lens array may be used for the light source-enlarging section 15.
  • the illumination unit 110 includes the polarizing plate 112 and the diffusion plate 113 in the above-mentioned embodiment, the illumination unit 110 may be configured to include only either one of the polarizing plate 112 and the diffusion plate 113 or not to include either the polarizing plate 112 or the diffusion plate 113.
  • the image display unit 120 is not limited to be configured to include the polarization beam splitter 121 and can be re-configured in accordance with the configuration of the optical modulator 122.
  • the optical modulator 122 is not limited to the liquid-crystal display element.
  • a digital micromirror device DMD
  • the virtual-image optical unit 130 is not limited to the above-mentioned configuration.
  • the optical element and the illumination unit according to the above-mentioned embodiment are not limited to be applied to the wearable display.
  • the optical element and the illumination unit can be various image display apparatuses that display images by the optical modulator, such as a projector apparatus, a personal computer (PC), a tablet PC, a smart phone, and a tablet terminal.
  • Figs. 12B-12D Three illustrative such alternative designs are depicted in Figs. 12B-12D, with Fig. 12A provided to identify the various types of surfaces shown in Figs. 12B-12D.
  • a reflective surface (labeled "R") may be provided at various locations within the optical element, such as are shown in Figs. 12B-12D, and may have various shapes including, but not limited to, those shown in Figs. 12B-12D.
  • surfaces of the optical member described herein may include an anti-reflective coating and/or may have a structure that provides anti-reflective properties.
  • light-emitting surface 18 and/or light-incident surface 14 shown in Fig. 6 may be anti-reflective surfaces.
  • Fig. 13A An illustrative anti-reflective film comprising three layers is depicted in Fig. 13A. The spectroscopic characteristics of this film is shown in Fig. 13B.
  • This illustrative film is provided merely as one example of a technique to produce an anti-reflective coating, and in general any suitable technique may be used.
  • Optical member 11 Light-incident section 12 Curved surface section 13 Light-emitting section 14 Light-incident surface 15 Light diffusion section 16 Reflection surface 17 Reflection film 18 Light-emitting surface 100 Wearable display 110 Illumination unit 111 Light source 122 Optical modulator 130 Virtual-image optical unit

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Planar Illumination Modules (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une lentille optique destinée à guider la lumière provenant d'une source de lumière dans un dispositif d'affichage, la lentille optique comprenant un corps de lentille formé d'un matériau solide transparent, le corps de lentille comprenant une section électroluminescente comprenant une surface incurvée qui est convexe lorsqu'on regarde depuis une position extérieure au corps de lentille, et une section d'incidence de lumière raccordée à la section électroluminescente au niveau d'un orifice électroluminescent et comprenant une surface d'incidence de lumière opposée à l'orifice électroluminescent, une zone de la surface d'incidence de lumière étant plus petite que la superficie de l'orifice orifice électroluminescent, la surface incurvée étant positionnée de telle sorte que toutes les projections de la surface d'incidence de lumière à travers l'orifice d'émission de lumière puissent être projetées sur la surface incurvée. Cette technologie se rapporte à un élément optique et à une unité d'éclairage, à un dispositif d'affichage portable (un visiocasque) et à un appareil d'affichage d'image l'utilisant.
PCT/JP2015/003494 2014-07-31 2015-07-10 Élément optique, unité d'éclairage, dispositif d'affichage portable et appareil d'affichage d'image WO2016017085A1 (fr)

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JP2014-156052 2014-07-31
JP2014156052A JP2016033867A (ja) 2014-07-31 2014-07-31 光学部材、照明ユニット、ウェアラブルディスプレイ及び画像表示装置

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US10976551B2 (en) 2017-08-30 2021-04-13 Corning Incorporated Wide field personal display device
US11561406B2 (en) 2017-12-10 2023-01-24 Lumus Ltd. Image projector
US11849262B2 (en) 2019-03-12 2023-12-19 Lumus Ltd. Image projector

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IL235642B (en) 2014-11-11 2021-08-31 Lumus Ltd A compact head-up display system is protected by an element with a super-thin structure
EP3365712B1 (fr) 2016-10-09 2022-06-01 Lumus Ltd. Multiplicateur d'ouverture utilisant un guide d'ondes rectangulaire
MX2018007164A (es) 2016-11-08 2019-06-06 Lumus Ltd Dispositivo de guia de luz con borde de corte optico y metodos de produccion correspondientes.
EP4215980A1 (fr) 2017-07-19 2023-07-26 Lumus Ltd. Éclairage lcos via loe
CN109946907A (zh) * 2017-12-20 2019-06-28 中强光电股份有限公司 投影装置
US10551544B2 (en) 2018-01-21 2020-02-04 Lumus Ltd. Light-guide optical element with multiple-axis internal aperture expansion
IL259518B2 (en) 2018-05-22 2023-04-01 Lumus Ltd Optical system and method for improving light field uniformity
CN110554500B (zh) * 2018-05-31 2022-09-16 中强光电股份有限公司 头戴式显示装置
BR112021004307A2 (pt) 2018-09-09 2021-05-25 Lumus Ltd. sistema óptico
JP7122244B2 (ja) * 2018-12-21 2022-08-19 株式会社日立エルジーデータストレージ ヘッドマウントディスプレイ
IL290719B2 (en) 2019-12-08 2023-09-01 Lumus Ltd Optical systems with a compact image projector
EP4088449B1 (fr) 2020-04-20 2024-08-14 Lumus Ltd. Affichage proche de l'oeil présentant un rendement laser amélioré et une sécurité oculaire améliorée
DE202021104723U1 (de) 2020-09-11 2021-10-18 Lumus Ltd. An ein optisches Lichtleiterelement gekoppelter Bildprojektor
IL302581B2 (en) 2020-11-18 2024-06-01 Lumus Ltd Optical validation of orientations of internal surfaces

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