WO2016011961A1 - 非因果预测的信号编码方法、解码方法 - Google Patents

非因果预测的信号编码方法、解码方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016011961A1
WO2016011961A1 PCT/CN2015/084897 CN2015084897W WO2016011961A1 WO 2016011961 A1 WO2016011961 A1 WO 2016011961A1 CN 2015084897 W CN2015084897 W CN 2015084897W WO 2016011961 A1 WO2016011961 A1 WO 2016011961A1
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Prior art keywords
causal
prediction
pixel
predictive coding
pixels
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PCT/CN2015/084897
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English (en)
French (fr)
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陈仕东
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陈仕东
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Priority to CN201580038387.2A priority Critical patent/CN106688235B/zh
Publication of WO2016011961A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016011961A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/50—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding
    • H04N19/593—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding involving spatial prediction techniques

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to encoding of images, video and other signals, and more particularly to a signal encoding method and decoding method for non-causal prediction.
  • An image or still image is a two-dimensional spatial signal.
  • adjacent pixels have a high degree of spatial correlation.
  • spatial correlation exists in all directions in the image. For example, in the horizontal direction, the current pixel has a correlation with the left pixel and the right pixel; in the vertical direction, there is a correlation with the previous pixel and the next pixel. This correlation is known as bidirectional or bilateral correlation. Therefore, the image signal has a two-way or two-sided correlation.
  • Video signal A temporally discrete sequence of images, each of which is called a video frame, or simply a frame.
  • the video signal is a three-dimensional signal that includes two-dimensional space within each video frame and one-dimensional time between frames.
  • intra-frame correlation In digital video signals, there is a high degree of spatial correlation between spatially adjacent pixels within each frame.
  • intra-frame correlation In video coding, it is called intra-frame correlation.
  • intra-frame correlation is bidirectional or bilateral.
  • inter-frame correlation there is also a correlation between the pixels of the current frame and the pixels of the temporally adjacent past and future frames. Therefore, the inter-frame correlation is also bidirectional or bilateral.
  • the video signal has both spatial and temporal correlations in both directions or on both sides.
  • Predictive coding is a common method of removing signal correlation.
  • image and video predictive coding the predicted values of the current pixel are generated with the associated pixels.
  • the relevant pixels used to generate the predicted values are referred to as reference pixels.
  • the residual value is generated by subtracting the generated prediction value from the original value of the current pixel. Residual pixels may be uncorrelated or substantially uncorrelated depending on the accuracy of the prediction. Thereby, the original image or video signal is converted into a residual image or video signal. This residual signal is also referred to as an error signal.
  • This process is called predictive coding and is done at the encoder side. Usually, in one

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Compression Or Coding Systems Of Tv Signals (AREA)
  • Compression, Expansion, Code Conversion, And Decoders (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种完全的非因果预测的信号编码方法、解码方法，涉及图像、视频和其他信号的编码领域。现有的非因果图像编、解码方法的计算量太高,本发明提供的非因果图像编、解码方法大大降低了计算量。本发明提供的信号编码方法包括步骤：（1）将原始信号分成多个非因果编码单元；（2）利用扩展方法延伸各个非因果编码单元；（3）对每个扩展的非因果编码单元，利用单元内非因果预测器和单元内非因果预测编码方法，分别编码。

Description

非因果预测的信号编码方法、解码方法
本申请引用2014年7月24日向美国专利局递交的临时专利申请62,028,727。
技术领域
本发明涉及图像、视频和其他信号的编码，尤其是涉及一种非因果预测的信号编码方法、解码方法。
背景技术
图像、视频和其他信号中存在着大量的冗余。图像或静止图像是一个二维空间信号。在数字图像中，相邻像素具有高度的空间相关性。一般地，空间相关性存在于图像中的各个方向。例如在水平方向上，当前像素和左一像素及右一像素具有相关性；在垂直方向上，与上一像素和下一像素具有相关性。这种相关性被称为双向或双侧相关性。因此，图像信号具有双向或双侧相关性。
视频信号一个时间上离散的图像序列，序列中的每个图像叫做一个视频帧，或简称为帧。视频信号是一个三维信号，包括每个视频帧内的两维空间和帧间的一维时间。在数字视频信号中，在每帧内的空间上相邻的像素之间存在高度的空间相关性。在视频编码中，其被称为帧内相关性。同静止图像一样，帧内相关是双向或双侧的。此外，当前帧的像素和时间上相邻的过去帧及未来帧的像素之间也存在相关性，这称为帧间相关性。因此，帧间相关性也是双向或双侧的。由此，视频信号同时具有双向或双侧的空间相关性和时间相关性。
在图像或视频传输或存储系统中，为了提高图像或视频质量或减少所需要的传输带宽或存储容量，需要消除其冗余，也就是消除其相关性。预测编码是一种去除信号相关的常用方法。在图像和视频预测编码中，用相关像素生成当前像素的预测值。用于生成预测值的相关像素称为参考像素。将产生的预测值从当前像素的原始值中减去，就产生残余像素。取决于预测的准确性，残余像素之间可以不相关或基本上不相关。由此，原始图像或视频信号被转换成一个残余图像或视频信号。该残余信号也称为误差信号。这个过程称为预测编码，在编码器端进行。通常，在进一

Claims (1)

  1. 步数字压缩之后，残余图像或视频信号被发送传输或者存储。在解码器端，接收到或读取回来残余图像或视频信号，重新产生预测，重建原始像素。这个过程被称为预测解码。
    像素处理通常采用光栅扫描顺序，也就是在图像中，由顶行向底行处理，每行上从左到右处理。在按光栅扫描顺序做预测编码时，如果预测编码仅根据上行中的像素和同一行左侧的像素预测当前像素，这种预测编码称为空间因果预测编码。这种预测称为空间因果预测。反之，如果预测编码仅根据下行的像素以及同一行右侧像素预测为当前像素，这种预测编码称为空间反因果预测编码。这种预测称为空间反因果预测。然而，如果预测编码同时使用当前像素的上行和下行像素以及同一行的左侧和右侧像素预测当前像素，这种预测编码称为空间非因果预测编码。这种预测称为空间非因果预测。一些图像预测器的例子示于图1。标记为×的当前像素位于(x，y)，其中的x是列数，是一个正整数，从1开始。第1列是最左边的列。y为行数，也是一个正整数，从1开始。第1行是最上面一行。当前像素具有左上右下四个最近相邻像素，命名为A，C，E和G，分别位于((x-1,y),(x,y-1),(x+1,y)和(x,y+1)。还有四个第二最近相邻像素，命名为B，D，F和H，分别位于(x-1,y-1),(x+1,y-1),(x+1,y+1)和(x-1,y+1)。使用像素ABCD中的任何一个或多个像素的预测就是因果预测。这里像素ABCD表示图1中的像素A、像素B、像素C和像素D。反之，使用像素EFGH中的任何一个或多个像素的预测就是反因果预测。然而，使用像素AE、CG或ACEG预测当前像素，就是非因果预测。
    同样，在视频预测编码中，使用帧内空间上相邻的像素生成的预测，称为帧内预测。使用过去和/或未来帧的像素生成当前帧的像素的预测，称为帧间预测。因果、反因果和非因果帧内预测的定义与图像预测编码中相同。而只使用过去帧、或未来帧、或同时使用过去帧和未来帧产生当前帧的像素的预测，分别定义为因果、反因果和非因果帧间预测。
    应注意的是，在因果和反因果预测中没有互依赖性，而非因果预测则有互依赖性。例如在图1中，当前像素×的因果预测依赖于参考像素ABCD，而参考像素ABCD的预测则不依赖于当前像素，这成为因果预测没有互依赖性。同样地，反因果预测中，为当前像素×依赖于参考像素EFGH，而参考像素EFGH的预测则不依赖于当前像素。这使得因果预测的编码和解码过程可使用单次简单的前向迭代过程，即从第一像素到最后一个像素顺序进行。类似地，这使得反因果预测的编码和
PCT/CN2015/084897 2014-07-24 2015-07-23 非因果预测的信号编码方法、解码方法 WO2016011961A1 (zh)

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CN101395661A (zh) * 2006-03-07 2009-03-25 艾利森电话股份有限公司 音频编码和解码的方法和设备
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US20130272411A1 (en) * 2012-04-12 2013-10-17 Qualcomm Incorporated Scalable video coding prediction with non-causal information

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CN101395661A (zh) * 2006-03-07 2009-03-25 艾利森电话股份有限公司 音频编码和解码的方法和设备
US20100008419A1 (en) * 2008-07-10 2010-01-14 Apple Inc. Hierarchical Bi-Directional P Frames
CN102113326A (zh) * 2008-08-04 2011-06-29 杜比实验室特许公司 重叠块差异估计和补偿体系结构
US20130272411A1 (en) * 2012-04-12 2013-10-17 Qualcomm Incorporated Scalable video coding prediction with non-causal information

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