WO2016006439A1 - Procédé et dispositif d'optimisation de l'efficacité d'un moteur à induction dans un véhicule électrique - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif d'optimisation de l'efficacité d'un moteur à induction dans un véhicule électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016006439A1
WO2016006439A1 PCT/JP2015/068105 JP2015068105W WO2016006439A1 WO 2016006439 A1 WO2016006439 A1 WO 2016006439A1 JP 2015068105 W JP2015068105 W JP 2015068105W WO 2016006439 A1 WO2016006439 A1 WO 2016006439A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
induction motor
control
frequency
voltage
load factor
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PCT/JP2015/068105
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
神王偉国
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神王偉国
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201410320838.9A external-priority patent/CN104079230B/zh
Application filed by 神王偉国 filed Critical 神王偉国
Priority to KR1020177000006A priority Critical patent/KR20170015963A/ko
Priority to US15/322,115 priority patent/US10063177B2/en
Publication of WO2016006439A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016006439A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L9/00—Electric propulsion with power supply external to the vehicle
    • B60L9/16—Electric propulsion with power supply external to the vehicle using ac induction motors
    • B60L9/18—Electric propulsion with power supply external to the vehicle using ac induction motors fed from dc supply lines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P21/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
    • H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
    • H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
    • H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of controlling an induction motor in an electric vehicle, specifically to a control method, apparatus, and system for optimizing the efficiency of the induction motor.
  • An induction motor controller for electric vehicles is one of the important parts of electric vehicles, and its main application is to operate the electric vehicles according to the determined direction, speed, angle and reaction time, and the output efficiency of the induction motor Is to maximize.
  • Induction motors are widely used as induction motors most suitable for electric vehicles because of their advantages such as low cost, high stability, high speed, low torque fluctuation / noise and position sensorlessness.
  • copper loss and iron loss increase due to an increase in the reactive power of the induction motor, which significantly reduces the operating efficiency and power factor of the induction motor.
  • the usage time and travel distance of the charged battery are considerably shortened.
  • the present invention can constantly adjust the input power of the induction motor to the total load of the electric vehicle by detecting the fluctuation of the load factor and the rotation speed in real time when the total load of the induction motor of the electric vehicle changes greatly. It became.
  • the input power of the induction motor is automatically adjusted to the minimum value; when the maximum load of the electric vehicle is reached, the induction motor input power of the electric vehicle is It is an efficiency optimization method and control device that automatically adjusts to the maximum value, and its main role is to increase the output efficiency of the induction motor through the control of the related parameters of the induction motor.
  • the present invention obtains a load factor of an induction motor instantaneously and accurately in real time, and a voltage that causes the induction motor to always operate at a high efficiency with a variable load factor and an arbitrary frequency through an optimization algorithm. Based on the amount of frequency control, the induction motor input voltage and frequency are adjusted in real time, and a new method and apparatus for optimizing the efficiency of the induction motor is proposed in which the input power of the induction motor always adapts to the load factor of the induction motor. did.
  • the voltage and frequency controlled variables that make the induction motor always operate in a highly efficient state at a variable load factor and an arbitrary frequency (rotation speed) through an optimization algorithm are collected, instantaneously, and accurately.
  • the input voltage and frequency of the induction motor are adjusted in real time, the input power of the induction motor is always adapted to the load factor of the induction motor, the minimum current and the optimum voltage
  • the induction motor with a medium to low load which is a common technology, which is often seen in the past, has increased copper loss and iron loss due to an increase in reactive power.
  • the technical problem of drastic reduction in operating efficiency and power factor and serious wasted power consumption was solved.
  • an energy saving operation is realized with the minimum current and the optimum voltage of the induction motor.
  • This method has the following effects: 1) Copper loss and iron loss of induction motors are greatly reduced, and operating efficiency is improved; 2) Reactive power of induction motors has been greatly reduced and power factor has been improved; 3) The effective power of the induction motor has been greatly reduced, saving the effective power; 4) The operating temperature rise and noise of induction motors are greatly reduced, extending the life of induction motors; 5) Since both the reactive power and active power of the induction motor are storage battery power, the cruising time and mileage of the electric vehicle storage battery after charging have been greatly extended by saving reactive power and active power.
  • FIG. 5 is a vector diagram that can be represented by a three-phase AC coordinate system and a three-phase DC coordinate system in an induction motor efficiency optimization method. It is explanatory drawing which shows the flowchart of 2nd Example of the efficiency optimization method of the induction motor which concerns on this invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of a second embodiment of the efficiency optimization control device for an induction motor according to the present invention.
  • the operating efficiency ⁇ of the induction motor can be calculated by the following formula:
  • P1 represents the input capacity of the induction motor
  • P2 represents the output capacity of the induction motor (shaft output capacity)
  • Pcu1 represents the copper loss of the stator, ie the power loss that occurs when the stator current flows through the stator winding, the magnitude of which depends on the load
  • Pcu2 represents the rotor copper loss, ie the power loss that occurs when current flows through the stator winding, the magnitude of which depends on the load
  • PFe represents the iron loss, that is, the excitation loss caused by the rotating magnetic field in the stator core.
  • the size of the left and right is mainly determined by the excitation electromotive force. Does not depend on load; Pmec represents the mechanical loss, that is, the power lost when generating friction by bearings, fans, etc., the magnitude of which is almost the same; Pad represents accessory loss, that is, loss caused by stator, rotor core groove and harmonics, the magnitude of which depends on the load but can be ignored. Since (Pcu1 + Pcu2) depends on the load, it is called variable loss (copper loss), and (PFe + Pmec + Pad) is almost independent of the load, so it is called invariable loss (iron loss).
  • FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a second embodiment of the method for realizing the efficiency optimization control of the induction motor according to the present invention, and the steps for carrying out this method are described in detail: Step 30 of acquiring in real time each related parameter value of the induction motor including the input current ia, ib, ic, input voltage ua, ub, uc and phase angle of the induction motor.
  • the phase angle is closely related to the load factor of the induction motor, and the phase angle is inversely proportional to the load factor of the induction motor, that is, the larger the phase angle, the smaller the load factor, and the smaller the phase angle, the load.
  • the rate is large.
  • Step 31 for obtaining each related parameter value of the induction motor including the operating power factor PF, the field current component id, the torque current component iq and the rotational speed ⁇ by calculation The field current component id and the torque current component iq in the present embodiment are obtained by vector conversion.
  • the three-phase excitation current of A, B, C is converted into the rotor torque current and stator field current of the induction motor. Can be changed.
  • the obtained field current component Id of the induction motor is compared with a set field current command value to obtain a deviation value, fuzzy inference is performed on the deviation value, and an excitation current control coefficient Idk is obtained 33.
  • the obtained torque current component Iq and rotation speed ⁇ of the obtained induction motor are compared with the set rotational speed command value to obtain a deviation value, and cascade control calculation is performed on the deviation value to obtain the frequency control amount Fq. 35.
  • Step 36 for obtaining the voltage control amount by the following equation: Ud Fq ⁇ k1 ⁇ Pk
  • Ud the voltage control amount
  • Fq the control amount of the frequency (rotational speed)
  • k1 the V / F coefficient (rated voltage V / rated frequency F.
  • the rated voltage V of the induction motor is 200V
  • the V / F coefficient is 200/50, that is, 4.0, where the rated voltage V is not necessarily 200 V
  • the rated frequency F is not necessarily 50 Hz.
  • Pk represents the load factor coefficient.
  • Step 37 Based on the acquired voltage control amount Ud and frequency control amount Fq, the waveform of SPWM generation is adjusted, and the three-phase input voltages ua, ub, uc of the induction motor (currents ia, ib, ic are Step 37, which adjusts in real-time the frequency (rotation speed) and frequency (rotation speed) so that the input power of the induction motor can always adapt to the load factor of the induction motor.
  • an induction motor efficiency optimization control device including an induction motor efficiency optimization control and an induction motor and a voltage adjustment unit has been proposed.
  • the induction motor efficiency optimization control device is connected to the induction motor and the voltage adjustment unit, and is used to operate the induction motor with high efficiency at all times.
  • an electric motor vehicle composed of the induction motor efficiency optimization control device and the vehicle body has been proposed.
  • the induction motor efficiency optimization control device is connected to the drive shaft of the vehicle body, and is used to operate the vehicle body at a high efficiency at a variable load factor and an arbitrary rotational speed (frequency). Increased the usage time after charging the battery and the mileage of the electric vehicle.
  • Each step and calculation algorithm proposed in the present invention can be realized by a general computing device, such as aggregating in one computing device or distributing it in a network connecting a plurality of computing devices.
  • induction motors have variable load factors (for example, low load, medium load, heavy load). Under the load), the induction motor of the present invention can be operated with the minimum current and the optimum voltage and high efficiency, and the cruising time and mileage of the electric vehicle storage battery after charging can be extended. .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)

Abstract

L'objet de la présente invention est de faire en sorte que les paramètres liés à une vitesse de rotation souhaitée et au facteur de charge variable d'un moteur électrique d'un véhicule électrique soient ajustés par l'intermédiaire d'un algorithme d'optimisation, et de mettre en œuvre un entraînement efficace sur la totalité de la plage. Afin d'optimiser le rendement d'un moteur électrique pour un véhicule à base d'électricité : le facteur de charge de travail est obtenu en temps réel à l'aide d'un algorithme (9) pour calculer le facteur de charge ; la vitesse de rotation (ω) est obtenue par la mise en œuvre d'une détection de ω (6) ; le facteur de puissance (PF) est obtenu par la mise en œuvre d'un calcul de PF (4) ; une composante de courant de couple (Iq) et une composante de courant d'excitation (Id) sont obtenues à l'aide d'un algorithme de conversion d'Id, d'Iq (5) ; la quantité de commande de fréquence (vitesse de rotation) (Fq) est calculée par la mise en œuvre d'une commande de ω (1) ; la quantité de commande de courant d'excitation (Idk) est calculée par la mise en œuvre d'une commande floue (2) ; la quantité de commande de facteur de puissance (PFk) est calculée par la mise en œuvre d'une commande de PF (3) ; et les quantités Fq, Idk, et PFk sont entrées dans un algorithme de calcul de tension optimale (7) pour calculer la quantité de commande de tension optimale (Ud) dans un dispositif de commande d'optimisation (20). Une forme d'onde de génération SPWM (8) est ajustée en utilisant la quantité de commande de tension optimale (Ud) et la quantité de commande de fréquence (vitesse de rotation) (Fq), et la puissance fournie en entrée à un moteur à induction (17) dans une unité de réglage de puissance électrique (12) est automatiquement ajustée sur la valeur la plus basse d'une manière hautement efficace.
PCT/JP2015/068105 2014-07-07 2015-06-23 Procédé et dispositif d'optimisation de l'efficacité d'un moteur à induction dans un véhicule électrique WO2016006439A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1020177000006A KR20170015963A (ko) 2014-07-07 2015-06-23 전동 자동차에서의 유도 전동기의 효율 최적화 방법 및 장치
US15/322,115 US10063177B2 (en) 2014-07-07 2015-06-23 Method and apparatus for optimizing efficiency of induction motor in electric vehicle

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201410320838.9 2014-07-07
CN201410320838.9A CN104079230B (zh) 2014-07-07 2014-07-07 异步电动机效率优化控制的方法、装置、系统及电动汽车
JP2014-248381 2014-11-20
JP2014248381A JP2016019465A (ja) 2014-07-07 2014-11-20 電気自動車における誘導電動機の効率最適化方法及び装置

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107962959A (zh) * 2017-10-19 2018-04-27 山东科技大学 一种有轨电车用燃料电池混合动力模糊自治管理系统
CN108162772A (zh) * 2017-11-24 2018-06-15 佛山市禾才科技服务有限公司 一种基于充电桩的汽车智能自动充电系统及其控制方法

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5388115A (en) * 1977-01-13 1978-08-03 Toshiba Corp Controller for alternating current motors
US4207510A (en) * 1978-01-16 1980-06-10 Sri International Control method and means for efficient operation of brushless d-c motors over a wide range of operating conditions
JPS62201085A (ja) * 1986-02-24 1987-09-04 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 流体変速装置の高効率運転方法
JPH01311889A (ja) * 1988-02-24 1989-12-15 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd 誘導電動機の制御装置
JPH0295197A (ja) * 1988-09-27 1990-04-05 Toshiba Corp 交流電動機の運転方法
JPH06261597A (ja) * 1993-03-08 1994-09-16 Alex Denshi Kogyo Kk 誘導電動機用電力制御装置
WO2013057780A1 (fr) * 2011-10-17 2013-04-25 三菱電機株式会社 Dispositif de commande de moteur

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5388115A (en) * 1977-01-13 1978-08-03 Toshiba Corp Controller for alternating current motors
US4207510A (en) * 1978-01-16 1980-06-10 Sri International Control method and means for efficient operation of brushless d-c motors over a wide range of operating conditions
JPS62201085A (ja) * 1986-02-24 1987-09-04 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 流体変速装置の高効率運転方法
JPH01311889A (ja) * 1988-02-24 1989-12-15 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd 誘導電動機の制御装置
JPH0295197A (ja) * 1988-09-27 1990-04-05 Toshiba Corp 交流電動機の運転方法
JPH06261597A (ja) * 1993-03-08 1994-09-16 Alex Denshi Kogyo Kk 誘導電動機用電力制御装置
WO2013057780A1 (fr) * 2011-10-17 2013-04-25 三菱電機株式会社 Dispositif de commande de moteur

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107962959A (zh) * 2017-10-19 2018-04-27 山东科技大学 一种有轨电车用燃料电池混合动力模糊自治管理系统
CN108162772A (zh) * 2017-11-24 2018-06-15 佛山市禾才科技服务有限公司 一种基于充电桩的汽车智能自动充电系统及其控制方法

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