WO2016005296A1 - Système et procédé d'élevage et de collecte d'insectes - Google Patents

Système et procédé d'élevage et de collecte d'insectes Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016005296A1
WO2016005296A1 PCT/EP2015/065274 EP2015065274W WO2016005296A1 WO 2016005296 A1 WO2016005296 A1 WO 2016005296A1 EP 2015065274 W EP2015065274 W EP 2015065274W WO 2016005296 A1 WO2016005296 A1 WO 2016005296A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
larvae
insect eggs
chamber
insects
growth chamber
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PCT/EP2015/065274
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English (en)
Inventor
Katharina UNGER
Original Assignee
Unger Katharina
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Unger Katharina filed Critical Unger Katharina
Publication of WO2016005296A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016005296A1/fr
Priority to US15/339,900 priority Critical patent/US9642344B2/en
Priority to US15/586,101 priority patent/US10010060B2/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
    • A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates

Definitions

  • the specification relates generally to the breeding and harvesting of insects and more particularly to systems and methods for breeding and harvesting insects.
  • Insects are typically raised as a feed for animals such as pets. They have also been raised as a feed for livestock such as fish, poultry and pigs. More recently, "Entomophagy", the human consumption of insects, has become more popular in the Western world. With increased demand for insects for such purposes, there is a need to develop processes and systems to breed and harvest insects.
  • the system includes, but is not necessarily limited to: an egg- producing chamber structure configured to receive insect pupae for pupation and to permit emerged adult insects to mate and oviposit insect eggs, at least one oviposition region in the egg-producing chamber structure configured to receive the insect eggs and apertured to permit at least one of the insect eggs and neonates of the insect eggs to pass therethrough, a larvae-growth chamber in communication with the at least one oviposition region so as to be configured to receive the at least one of the insect eggs and neonates of the insect eggs from the at least one oviposition region, wherein the larvae-growth chamber is further configured to permit the at least one of the insect eggs and neonates of the insect eggs to transition into larvae and to hold feed material for the larvae, a harvesting receptacle in communication with the larvae-growth chamber and at least one inclined surface configured to provide at least a partial passageway for the larvae to travel from
  • the method includes, but is not necessarily limited to: providing an egg-producing chamber structure configured to receive insect pupae for pupation and to permit emerged adult insects to mate and oviposit insect eggs, exposing the emerged adult insects to light including at least one wavelength of light conducive to mating between the emerged adult insects, receiving the insect eggs in at least one oviposition region of the egg-producing chamber structure, providing a larvae-growth chamber in communication with the at least one oviposition region so as to be configured to receive at least one of the insect eggs and neonates of the insect eggs from the at least one oviposition region, wherein the larvae-growth chamber is configured to permit the at least one of the insect eggs and neonates of the insect eggs to transition into larvae and is configured to hold feed material for the larvae, and providing at least one inclined surface configured to permit the larvae to travel at least partly from the larvae-growth chamber to a harvesting receptacle.
  • the system includes, but is not necessarily limited to: an egg- producing chamber structure configured to receive insect pupae for pupation and to permit emerged adult insects to mate and oviposit insect eggs, at least one oviposition region in the egg-producing chamber structure configured to receive the insect eggs and apertured to permit at least one of the insect eggs and neonates of the insect eggs to pass therethrough, a larvae-growth chamber in communication with the at least one oviposition region so as to be configured to receive the at least one of the insect eggs and the neonates of the insect eggs from the at least one oviposition region, wherein the larvae-growth chamber is further configured to permit the at least one of the insect eggs and the neonates to transition into larvae and to hold feed material for the larvae, and a harvesting receptacle in communication with the larvae-growth chamber.
  • the larvae- growth chamber includes at least one inclined wall portion configured to provide at least a partial passageway for the larvae to travel from the larvae-
  • the method includes, but is not necessarily limited to: providing an egg-producing chamber structure configured to receive insect pupae for pupation and to permit emerged adult insects to mate and oviposit insect eggs, exposing the emerged adult insects to light including at least one wavelength of light conducive to mating between the emerged adult insects, receiving the insect eggs in at least one oviposition region of the egg-producing chamber structure, and providing a larvae-growth chamber in communication with the at least one oviposition region so as to be configured to receive at least one of the insect eggs and the neonates of the insect eggs from the at least one oviposition region, wherein the larvae-growth chamber is configured to permit the at least one of the insect eggs and neonates of the insect eggs to transition into larvae and is configured to hold feed material for the larvae, and wherein the larvae-growth chamber includes at least one inclined wall portion configured to provide at least a partial passageway for the larvae to travel from the larvae-growth chamber to a harvesting re
  • the system includes, but is not necessarily limited to: an egg- producing chamber structure configured to receive insect pupae for pupation and to permit emerged adult insects to mate and oviposit insect eggs, at least one oviposition region in the egg-producing chamber structure configured to receive the insect eggs and apertured to permit at least one of the insect eggs and neonates of the insect eggs to pass therethrough, a larvae-growth chamber in communication with the at least one oviposition region so as to be configured to receive the at least one of the insect eggs and neonates of the insect eggs from the at least one oviposition region, wherein the larvae-growth chamber is further configured to permit the at least one of the insect eggs and neonates of the insect eggs to transition into larvae and to hold feed material for the larvae, and a harvesting receptacle in communication with the larvae-growth chamber.
  • the larvae-growth chamber includes an inclined wall configured to provide at least a partial passageway for the larvae to travel from the larvae-growth chamber to the harvesting receptacle, and the inclined wall provides the at least partial passageway about the entire periphery of the larvae-growth chamber.
  • the system includes, but is not necessarily limited to: an egg- producing chamber structure configured to receive insect pupae for pupation and to permit emerged adult insects to mate and oviposit insect eggs, the egg-producing chamber structure including a pupation chamber having at least one aperture configured to allow the emerged adult insects to exit the pupation chamber, at least one oviposition region in the egg-producing chamber structure configured to receive the insect eggs and apertured to permit at least one of the insect eggs and neonates of the insect eggs to pass therethrough, a larvae-growth chamber in communication with the at least one oviposition region so as to be configured to receive the at least one of the insect eggs and neonates of the insect eggs from the at least one oviposition region, wherein the larvae-growth chamber is further configured to permit the at least one of the insect eggs and neonates of the insect eggs to transition into larvae and to hold feed material for the larvae, a harvesting receptacle in communication with the larvae-growth chamber and a
  • the system includes, but is not necessarily limited to: an egg- producing chamber structure configured to receive insect pupae for pupation and to permit emerged adult insects to mate and oviposit insect eggs, at least one oviposition region in the egg-producing chamber structure configured to receive the insect eggs and apertured to permit at least one of the insect eggs and neonates of the insect eggs to pass therethrough, a larvae-growth chamber in communication with the at least one oviposition region so as to be configured to receive the at least one of the insect eggs and neonates of the insect eggs from the at least one oviposition region.
  • the larvae- growth chamber is further configured to permit the at least one of the insect eggs and neonates of the insect eggs to transition into larvae and to hold feed material for the larvae and a harvesting receptacle in communication with the larvae-growth chamber.
  • the larvae-growth chamber includes at least one inclined wall portion configured to provide at least a partial passageway for the larvae to travel from the larvae-growth chamber to the harvesting receptacle.
  • the egg-producing chamber structure includes at least one oneway exit structure configured to permit adult insects which emerge in the larvae-growth chamber to exit the larvae-growth chamber into the egg-producing chamber structure and to inhibit the adult insects which emerge in the larvae-growth chamber from re-entering the larvae-growth chamber through the at least one one-way exit structure.
  • the system includes, but is not necessarily limited to: an egg- producing chamber structure configured to receive insect pupae for pupation and to permit emerged adult insects to mate and oviposit insect eggs, at least one oviposition region in the egg-producing chamber structure configured to receive the insect eggs and apertured to permit at least one of the insect eggs and neonates of the insect eggs to pass therethrough, a larvae-growth chamber in communication with the at least one oviposition region so as to be configured to receive the at least one of the insect eggs and neonates of the insect eggs from the at least one oviposition region, wherein the larvae-growth chamber is further configured to permit the at least one of the insect eggs and neonates of the insect eggs to transition into larvae and to hold feed material for the larvae, a harvesting receptacle in communication with the larvae-growth chamber.
  • the larvae-growth chamber includes at least one inclined wall portion configured to provide at least a partial passageway for the larvae to travel from the larvae-growth chamber to the harvesting receptacle via a larvae exit aperture.
  • the larvae-growth chamber includes a larvae exit plug sized to engage the larvae exit aperture and to prevent the larvae from exiting the larvae-growth chamber via the larvae exit aperture.
  • the system includes, but is not necessarily limited to: an egg- producing chamber structure configured to receive insect pupae for pupation and to permit emerged adult insects to mate and oviposit insect eggs, the egg-producing chamber structure including a pupation chamber having at least one aperture configured to allow the emerged adult insects to exit the pupation chamber, at least one oviposition region in the egg-producing chamber structure configured to receive the insect eggs and apertured to permit at least one of the insect eggs and neonates of the insect eggs to pass therethrough, a larvae-growth chamber in communication with the at least one oviposition region so as to be configured to receive the at least one of the insect eggs and neonates of the insect eggs from the at least one oviposition region, wherein the larvae-growth chamber is further configured to permit the at least one of the insect eggs and neonates of the insect eggs to transition into larvae and to hold feed material for the larvae and a harvesting receptacle in communication with the larvae-growth chamber.
  • the larvae-growth chamber includes at least one inclined wall portion configured to provide at least a partial passageway for the larvae to travel from the larvae-growth chamber to the harvesting receptacle.
  • the pupation chamber includes a nutrient compartment configured to hold at least one of a hydrating fluid, a pad and a cloth impregnated with the hydrating fluid to hydrate the adult emerged insects.
  • the system includes, but is not necessarily limited to: an egg- producing chamber structure configured to receive insect pupae for pupation and to permit emerged adult insects to mate and oviposit insect eggs, at least one oviposition region in the egg-producing chamber structure configured to receive the insect eggs and apertured to permit at least one of the insect eggs and neonates of the insect eggs to pass therethrough, a larvae-growth chamber in communication with the at least one oviposition region so as to be configured to receive the at least one of the insect eggs and neonates of the insect eggs from the at least one oviposition region, wherein the larvae-growth chamber is further configured to permit the at least one of the insect eggs and neonates of the insect eggs to transition into larvae and to hold feed material for the larvae, a harvesting receptacle in communication with the larvae-growth chamber, a waste receptacle in communication with the larvae-growth chamber via at least one waste aperture, and a filter device included in the at
  • the larvae-growth chamber includes at least one inclined wall portion configured to provide at least a partial passageway for the larvae to travel from the larvae-growth chamber to the harvesting receptacle.
  • the system includes, but is not necessarily limited to: an egg- producing chamber structure configured to receive insect pupae for pupation and to permit emerged adult insects to mate and oviposit insect eggs, at least one oviposition region in the egg-producing chamber structure configured to receive the insect eggs and apertured to permit at least one of the insect eggs and neonates of the insect eggs to pass therethrough, a larvae-growth chamber in communication with the at least one oviposition region so as to be configured to receive the at least one of the insect eggs and neonates of the insect eggs from the at least one oviposition region, wherein the larvae-growth chamber is further configured to permit the at least one of the insect eggs and neonates of the insect eggs to transition into larvae and to hold feed material for the larvae, at least one inclined surface configured to provide at least a partial passageway for the larvae to travel from the larvae-growth chamber to a harvesting receptacle in communication with the larvae-growth chamber.
  • FIG. 1 A depicts a side elevation view of a cross-section of a system for breeding and harvesting insects, according to non-limiting embodiments
  • Fig. 1 B depicts a side elevation view of the system for breeding and harvesting insects in Fig. 1 A, according to non-limiting embodiments;
  • FIG. 2A depicts a front elevation view of the system for breeding and harvesting insects in Fig. 1 A, according to non-limiting embodiments;
  • FIG. 2B depicts a rear elevation view of the system for breeding and harvesting insects in Fig. 1 A, according to non-limiting embodiments;
  • FIG. 3 depicts a side elevation view of a cross-section of the system for breeding and harvesting insects in Fig. 1 A, showing a light source configured to provide light including a wavelength of light conducive to mating between adult insects, according to non-limiting embodiments;
  • FIGs. 4A to 4C depict a top view, perspective view and side view of a nozzle structure including an oviposition region, according to non-limiting embodiments
  • FIG. 5 depicts a partially exploded, perspective view of the system for breeding and harvesting insects in Fig. 1 A, according to non-limiting embodiments;
  • Figs. 6A to 6C depict side cross-section views of pupation chambers, according to non-limiting embodiments
  • Fig. 6D depicts a perspective cross-section view of the pupation chamber shown in Fig. 6C, according to non-limiting embodiments;
  • Fig. 7 depicts an exploded view of the system for breeding and harvesting insects in Fig. 1 A, according to non-limiting embodiments;
  • FIG. 8 depicts a perspective view of a migration ramp, according to non-limiting embodiments.
  • FIG. 9 depicts a flowchart of a method for breeding and harvesting insects, according to non-limiting embodiments.
  • Fig. 10 depicts a perspective view of a system for breeding and harvesting insects, according to a second set of non-limiting embodiments
  • Fig. 1 1 depicts a perspective view of the system for breeding and harvesting insects in Fig. 10, with a partial cutaway of the chamber structure, according to a second set of non-limiting embodiments;
  • Fig. 12A depicts a top plan view of the system for breeding and harvesting insects in Fig. 10, with a portion of the mating and oviposition chamber removed, according to a second set of non-limiting embodiments;
  • Fig. 12B depicts a side, cross-section view of the system for breeding and harvesting insects in Fig. 10 showing at least one oviposition region including a mesh structure, according to a second set of non-limiting embodiments;
  • Fig. 12C depicts a top plan view of an oviposition region of 12B including the mesh structure, according to a second set of non-limiting embodiments;
  • Fig. 12D depicts a side, cross-section view of the oviposition region shown in Fig. 12C, according to a second set of non-limiting embodiments;
  • Fig. 12E depicts a top elevation view of an pair of oviposition plates, according to non-limiting embodiments;
  • Fig. 12F depicts a side elevation view of the pair of oviposition plates shown in Fig. 12 E, according to non-limiting embodiments;
  • FIG. 13A depicts a perspective view of a pupation chamber, according to a second set of non-limiting embodiments
  • Fig. 13B depicts a cross-section view of the pupation chamber shown in Fig. 13A, according to a second set of non-limiting embodiments;
  • FIG. 13C depicts a perspective view of a pupation chamber, according to a second set of non-limiting embodiments
  • Fig. 13D depicts a cross-section of the pupation chamber shown in Fig. 13A including a pupation heat mat, according to non-limiting embodiments;
  • Fig. 14 depicts a side, cross-section view of the system for breeding and harvesting insects in Fig. 10, according to a second set of non-limiting embodiments;
  • Fig. 15A depicts a top plan view of a larvae-growth chamber, according to a second set of non-limiting embodiments
  • Fig. 15B depicts a filter cylinder for filtering waste fluids from the larvae-growth chamber to the waste receptacle, according to non-limiting embodiments
  • Fig. 15C depicts an exploded view of the filter cylinder shown in Fig. 15B, according to non-limiting embodiments;
  • FIG. 16A depicts a perspective view of the mating and oviposition chamber shown in Fig. 10 including a cleaning sleeve, according to a second set of non-limiting embodiments;
  • Fig. 16B depicts a side, cross-section view of the mating and oviposition chamber including the cleaning sleeve of Fig. 16A;
  • FIG. 16C depicts the cleaning sleeve shown in Figs. 16A and 16B in isolation;
  • FIG. 17 depicts a flowchart of a method for breeding and harvesting insects, according to a second set of non-limiting embodiments
  • Fig. 18 depicts a larvae-growth chamber including a hooked substrate, according to non-limiting embodiments.
  • Fig. 19 depicts an enlarged view of the hooked substrate shown in Fig. 18.
  • Described herein are systems and methods for breeding insects for, but not limited to, human as well as animal consumption.
  • the systems and methods allow for the breeding and harvesting of the black soldier fly, also known as Hermetia illucens, and their larvae.
  • the systems and methods are not limited to this insect species and, according to some embodiments, may be applied to other insect species.
  • the described systems and methods may be applied to mealworms, crickets and locusts.
  • the described systems and methods facilitates the full lifecycle of the insects and their larvae, and attempts to automate the lifecycle on a household scale, with some embodiments capable of being scaled up for larger production.
  • Couple means “couple”, “coupled”, “connect”, “connected” are not limited to direct mating between the described components, but also contemplate the use of intermediate components to achieve the connection or coupling.
  • Figs. 1 A to 8 depict an example system 100 for breeding and harvesting insects.
  • the system 100 is at least partially enclosed and can be used to breed and harvest black soldier flies and their larvae.
  • the system 100 is used for breeding and harvesting other insect species, such as mealworms, crickets or locusts.
  • the system 100 includes an egg-producing chamber structure 105 that is configured to receive insect pupae, such pupae 1 10 (Fig. 3), for pupation and to permit emerged adult insects to mate and oviposit insect eggs.
  • the egg-producing chamber structure 105 may be any suitable shape and size.
  • the egg-producing chamber structure 105 can include one or more chambers. In some embodiments, multiple insect lifecycle stages are at least started in the same chamber. In some embodiments, one or more of insect lifecycle stages are performed in separate chambers.
  • system 100 includes a pupation chamber 1 15 and a mating and oviposition chamber 120.
  • the pupae 1 10 and prepupae are placed into the pupation chamber 1 15 in order to emerge as adult insects.
  • the insect lifecycle can be started and restarted in the pupation chamber 1 15.
  • the emerged adult insects can then move into the mating and oviposition chamber 120 to mate and oviposit insect eggs.
  • Particular features of the pupation chamber 1 15 and the mating and oviposition chamber 120 are described further below.
  • the egg-producing chamber structure 105 includes at least one egg-laying or oviposition region 125 (Fig. 2A) that is configured to receive the insect eggs and is apertured to permit at least one of the insect eggs and neonates of the insect eggs to pass therethrough.
  • the at least one oviposition region 125 is included in at least one nozzle structure 130 (Fig. 2A) in the egg-producing chamber structure 105.
  • any suitable location for the oviposition region 125 in the egg-producing chamber structure 105 is contemplated.
  • the oviposition region 125 can take any suitable configuration that is apertured to permit at least one of the insect eggs and the neonates of the insect eggs to pass through.
  • the oviposition region 125 can include at least one egg-receiving aperture 135 (Figs. 4A to 4C) sized to allow at least one of the insect eggs and the neonates of the insect eggs to pass through.
  • the oviposition region 125 can be formed as a perforated solid structure, shown in Figs. 4A to 4C (as a membrane 140 interior of the nozzle structure 130).
  • the oviposition region 125 can include at least one mesh structure. An example mesh structure is shown in Figs. 12B to 12D and is described further below.
  • the oviposition region 125 is removable from the egg-producing chamber structure 105 to, for example, clean the oviposition region 125.
  • Figs. 6A to 6D show three examples of the pupation chamber 1 15: a pupation chamber 1 15A, a pupation chamber 1 15B and a pupation chamber 1 15C.
  • the pupation chamber 1 15 can include at least one aperture configured to allow the emerged adult insects to exit the pupation chamber 1 15.
  • the pupation chamber 1 15A includes a plurality of holes, including exit holes 145, that are sized for an emerged adult insect to pass through.
  • the pupation chamber 1 15A also includes aerating holes 150 that are sized (i.e., small enough) to keep the prepuape and pupae in the pupation chamber 1 15A while allowing at least some airflow into the pupation chamber 1 15.
  • the exit holes 145 are located above the aerating holes 150 such that, in the case of flying insects, the adult emerged insects can fly out of the pupation chamber 1 15A.
  • the exit holes 145 and the aeration holes 150 may be shaped in any suitable manner.
  • the exit holes 145 and the aeration holes 150 can be rounded-rectangular, round, elliptical, squared, an organic, free-form shape and any combination of suitable shapes.
  • the pupation chamber 1 15B Fig.
  • the plurality of holes is replaced by at least one larger exit hole 155 that is positioned at a distance, D, away from the bottom surface, B, of the pupation chamber 1 15B to help prevent the pupae and prepupae from escaping from the pupation chamber 1 15B while permitting the emerged adult insects to leave the pupation chamber 1 15B (e.g., by flying out of the pupation chamber 1 15B).
  • the distance, D can be determined based on a desired number of pupae and/or prepupae the pupation chamber 1 15B will hold. In some embodiments, the desired number of pupae and/or prepupae the pupation chamber 1 15B will hold is approximately 10 percent of the larvae harvested, which may be about 50 to 100 g per week.
  • the pupation chamber 1 15C includes at least one tapered exit hole 146 configured to engage with at least one of the emerged adult insects to assist in the removal of the pupal case as the emerged adult insect(s) exit the pupation chamber 1 15.
  • the exit holes 146 are tapered such that the inlet 149 has a smaller cross-sectional area than the outlet 156 (i.e., tapered towards the inlet 149), with the inlet 149 being sized to engage with and assist in the removal the pupal case.
  • the exit holes 146 are tapered such that the outlet 156 is sized to engage with and assist in the removal the pupal case and has a smaller cross-section than the inlet 149 (i.e., tapered towards the outlet 156). Removal of the pupal cases before the emerged adult insects enter the mating and oviposition chamber 120 may help reduce the amount of dirt and debris in the mating and oviposition chamber 120.
  • the pupation chamber 1 15 may have a cover or top, such as cover 160 (Figs. 6A, 6B).
  • the cover 160 can be a mesh structure, a plastic structure or any other suitable covering for the pupation chamber 1 15.
  • the pupation chamber 1 15 may be any suitable shape and manufactured from any suitable material or combination of materials.
  • the adult emerged insects such as black soldier flies, will spend their adult lifecycle (fly stadium) in the mating and oviposition chamber 120.
  • the mating and oviposition chamber 120 is in communication with the pupation chamber 1 15 such that the emerged adult insects can exit the pupation chamber and reach the mating and oviposition chamber 120.
  • the emerged adult insects are able to exit the pupation chamber 1 15, through the exit holes 145, for example, directly into the mating and oviposition chamber 120.
  • the mating and oviposition chamber 120 take a variety of shapes and can be manufactured from a variety of materials.
  • the mating and oviposition chamber 120 can be generally hemispheric in shape or egg-shaped.
  • the mating and oviposition chamber 120 may be separable into two or more sections, as shown in Fig. 5 (sections 120A, 120B).
  • the mating and oviposition chamber 120 may be manufactured from any suitable material, such as glass, plastic or plexiglass.
  • the mating and oviposition chamber 120 may be fully or partially transparent, or fully opaque.
  • a coating or a film may be applied to the mating and oviposition chamber 120.
  • the mating and oviposition chamber 120 may be manufactured from a solid material, which may help contain odours from the larvae colony in the larvae-growth chamber 175 (described below) within the system 100.
  • seals are provided between one or more of the pupation chamber 1 15, the mating and oviposition chamber 120 and the larvae-growth chamber 175 to help contain odours from the larvae colony.
  • the system 100 includes a light source 253 configured to expose the emerged adult insects with light including the at least one wavelength of light 258 conducive to mating between the emerged adult insects (Fig. 3).
  • wavelengths of light in the visible spectrum such as in the range of 450 to 700nm, may be conducive to mating activity (see “An Artificial Light Source Influences Mating and Oviposition of Black Soldier Flies, Hermetia lllucens", Zhang et al., Journal of Insect Science: Vol. 10, Article 202).
  • wavelengths of light within the ultraviolet spectrum such as wavelengths of light between 290 and 320nm in the ultraviolet-B spectrum (“UVB"), have also been found to be conducive to mating between the emerged adult insects.
  • UVB ultraviolet-B
  • the light source 253 is ambient to the egg-producing chamber structure 105 and at least the mating and the oviposition chamber 120 is configured to transmit light including the at least one wavelength of light 258 into the mating and oviposition chamber 120.
  • the light source 253 can be the Sun, S, that transmits light including the wavelength of light 258, such as the full spectrum of sunlight, and the mating and oviposition chamber 120 can be manufactured from a material that permits light including the at least the wavelength of light 258 from the Sun, S, to be transmitted into the mating and oviposition chamber 120, such as glass, an ultra- violet light transmissive plexiglass or a netting material (Fig. 3).
  • the mating and oviposition chamber 120 may also include one or more apertures to permit light including the at least the wavelength of light 258 from the Sun, S, to be transmitted into the mating and oviposition chamber 120.
  • the light sources 253 is an artificial light source, such as a lamp, configured to provide artificial light including the wavelength of light 258.
  • the artificial light source is located interior of the egg- producing chamber structure 105. At least one example embodiment that includes an artificial light source located interior of the egg-producing chamber structure 105 is described further below.
  • the mating and oviposition chamber 120 can include nozzle structures 130 having the oviposition region 125.
  • the egg-receiving apertures 135 can be a variety of suitable sizes and shapes.
  • the egg-receiving apertures 135 are circular in shape and have diameters ranging from approximately two millimeters to four millimeters.
  • the egg-receiving apertures 135 are elliptical, square, organic, free-formed in shape or any combination thereof.
  • the nozzle structures 130 can be arranged in any suitable manner in the mating and oviposition chamber 120.
  • the emerged adult insects may not feed on solid substances.
  • adult black soldier flies nurture themselves with a hydrating fluid, such as water or a mixture of sugar and water.
  • the system 100 can include at least one structure configured to provide a hydrating fluid to the emerged adult insects, such as hydrating nozzles 165 (Fig. 2A).
  • the hydrating nozzles 165 can be connected to a hydrating fluid source (not shown) and configured to provide the hydrating fluid to the emerged adult insects in a number of ways.
  • the hydrating nozzles 165 may provide small ponds of hydrating fluid for the adult emerged insects to drink from.
  • the hydrating nozzles 165 may be jet nozzles configured to provide the emerged adult insects with nebulized water.
  • Additional nozzles such as general nozzles 185 can also be included.
  • the general nozzles 185 can provide additional vents for airflow between the mating and oviposition chamber 120 and the larvae-growth chamber 175 to help stimulate oviposition (described further below).
  • the nozzles structures 135, hydrating nozzles 165 and general nozzles 185 can take any suitable shape. As shown in Fig. 2A, the nozzles structures 135, hydrating nozzles 165 and general nozzles 185 have outlets that are round or circular in shape. However, in some embodiments, the nozzles structures 135, hydrating nozzles 165 and general nozzles 185 have outlets that are elliptical, square, organic, free-formed in shape, or any combination thereof.
  • the insect eggs and neonates of the insect eggs pass through the oviposition region 125 into a larvae-growth chamber 175 (Figs. 1 A, 3 and 7).
  • the larvae-growth chamber 175 is in communication with the oviposition region 125 so as to be configured to receive the insect eggs and/or the neonates of the insect eggs from the oviposition region 125.
  • the insect eggs and/or neonates of the insect eggs may pass through the egg-receiving apertures 135 into the larvae-growth chamber 175 by gravity (i.e., fall through the receiving apertures 135 into the larvae-growth chamber 175) or push themselves through the egg-receiving apertures 135 to get to the larvae-growth chamber 175, enticed by the smell of the feed material in the larvae-growth chamber 175.
  • the insect eggs may be laid in clusters and stick to the oviposition region 125. In these cases, the insect eggs may hatch in the oviposition region 125 and fall into the larvae-growth chamber 175.
  • the larvae-growth chamber 175 is configured to permit the insect eggs and/or the neonates of the insect eggs to transition into larvae.
  • the larvae-growth chamber 175 may be round in shape or have at least rounded corners in order for the larvae to grow efficiently. Larvae tend to squeeze into edges and small slots that can reduce the efficiency and activity of the whole colony due to, for example, hot spots. Rounded corners and/or shapes may yield at least three results. Firstly, the rounded corners and/or shapes may permit the larvae to permanently and freely move through the feed material provided for the larvae. Secondly, as the larvae move through the feed material, the larvae aerate the feed material and provide pockets of oxygen for use by the larvae.
  • the aeration can help prevent the larvae from running out of oxygen.
  • rounded corners and/or shapes may lead to improved feed material intake of the larvae, which leads to quicker growth of the larvae and therefore better harvest conditions and quicker digestion of organic waste which the larvae can feed on.
  • the third result may lead to more feed material being processed, reduced odour and a greater number of larvae to harvest.
  • the larvae can be sensitive to light and prefer darkness.
  • the walls of the larvae-growth chamber 135, such as walls 190 can be opaque, semi-opaque or partly opaque. Surface treatments or films may be applied to the walls 190 to achieve the desired light transmissibility.
  • the larvae-growth chamber 175 is also configured to hold feed material for the larvae.
  • organic waste material to feed the larvae can be deposited into the larvae-growth chamber 175 through the feeding door 195 (Fig. 1 B) of the larvae-growth chamber 175.
  • the feed material may also be pre-processed feed or germ plasma.
  • the larvae-growth chamber 175 may be separable from the egg- producing chamber structure 105 to allow for feed material to be directly deposited into the larvae-growth chamber 175.
  • the system 100 can also include a nozzle membrane 170 (Fig. 1A) that separates the volumes of the mating and oviposition chamber 120 from the larvae-growth chamber 175.
  • the nozzle membrane 170 may be configured to allow at least air from the larvae-growth chamber 175 to flow through to the mating and oviposition chamber 120, which can stimulate oviposition (egg-laying).
  • the nozzle membrane 170 may have at least one aperture configured to permit airflow therethrough.
  • the nozzle membrane 170 may be included in at least one of the general nozzles 185.
  • airflow through the egg-receiving apertures 135 of the oviposition region 125 from the larvae-growth chamber 175 into the mating and oviposition chamber 120 may be sufficient to stimulate oviposition and the nozzle membrane 170 can be omitted.
  • the oviposition region 125 may perform multiple functions, including providing a site for oviposition, providing a mechanism to transport the insect eggs and/or neonates of the insect eggs to the larvae- growth chamber 175 without direct human intervention, and to permit airflow from the larvae-growth chamber 175 to the egg-producing chamber structure 105 (e.g., to the mating and oviposition chamber 120) to help stimulate oviposition.
  • An interior membrane 180 (Figs. 1 A, 7) between the nozzle membrane 170 and the larvae-growth chamber 175 may be provided to prevent larvae from crawling out of the larvae-growth chamber 175 through the nozzle structures 130, hydrating nozzles 165 or the general nozzles 185.
  • the interior membrane 180 may be a mesh structure or perforated solid structure with suitably sized apertures to allow air to flow from the larvae- growth chamber 175 through the nozzle structures 130, hydrating nozzles 165 and/or the general nozzles 185 without allowing the larvae to pass through.
  • An additional, secondary membrane 182 (Fig.
  • the secondary membrane 182 is configured to allow the insect eggs and/or neonates of the insect eggs to fall into the larvae-growth chamber 175 through the oviposition region 125.
  • the secondary membrane 182 is sized to leave at least a portion of the larvae-growth chamber 175 in communication with the oviposition region 125.
  • the system 100 also includes a harvesting receptacle 202 (Fig. 5) for harvesting the larvae.
  • the harvesting receptacle 202 is a drawer or container that is nested or integral with the larvae-chamber 175.
  • the harvesting receptacle is a separate container that is exterior to the larvae-chamber 175 and the chamber structure 120.
  • the harvesting receptacle 202 is in communication with the larvae-growth chamber 175 in that mature larvae are able to travel from the larvae-growth chamber 175 to the harvesting receptacle 202.
  • the system 100 includes at least one inclined surface configured to provide at least a partial passageway for the larvae to travel from the larvae-growth chamber 175 to the harvesting receptacle 202.
  • the system 100 includes a migration ramp 207 (Figs. 1 A, 7) having an inclined surface 213 (Fig. 8) that connects the larvae-growth chamber 175 to the harvesting receptacle 202.
  • the larvae will be able to climb inclined surfaces of various degrees to a horizontal datum, H (Fig. 14).
  • H a horizontal datum
  • the larvae may find it difficult to climb up a surface having an incline greater than 45 degrees. If the feed medium is moist and the interior conditions of the larvae-growth chamber 175 are humid, the larvae may be able to climb up an angle of incline that is almost 90 degrees.
  • the inclined surface 213 provides at least a partial passageway for the larvae to crawl out of the moist environment of the larvae-growth chamber 175 to the comparatively drier environment of the harvesting receptacle 202.
  • the inclined surface 213 provides at least a partial passageway for the larvae to crawl out of the moist environment of the larvae-growth chamber 175 to the comparatively drier environment of the harvesting receptacle 202.
  • the harvesting receptacle 202 does not need to be a container specifically configured for harvesting the larvae from the larvae-growth chamber 175, but can be any container or component that is capable of receiving the larvae from the larvae-growth chamber 175. As a result, the harvesting receptacle 202 may be provided separately from other components of the system 100.
  • the inclined surface 213 is inclined at an angle, R, generally between 25 and 90 degrees from a horizontal datum (shown as H in Fig. 1 A). In some embodiments, the angle R is between 25 and 45 degrees.
  • the migration ramp 207 may be curved.
  • the migration ramp 207 may have a surface treatment applied to the inclined surface 213 to help the larvae climb up the migration ramp 207.
  • the migration ramp 207 may be an open shape or a closed shape.
  • the migration ramp 207 could be a tube that is closed at both ends having suitably sized apertures about the circumference of the tube to allow the larvae to climb into the migration ramp 207 and travel to the harvesting receptacle 202.
  • the migration ramp 207 could be configured as shown in Fig. 8 as an open tubular structure with access apertures 218 to allow the larvae multiple points of access into the migration ramp 213.
  • the migration ramp 207 is formed from more than one section, such a tube divided into two halves.
  • the system 100 includes more than migration ramp 207.
  • the inclined surface 213 does not have to provide a complete or direct path or passageway to the harvesting receptacle 202.
  • the larvae may travel over the inclined surface 213 in combination with other surfaces that are not inclined to reach the harvesting receptacle 202.
  • the inclined surface 213 would provide at least a partial passageway for the larvae to travel from the larvae-growth chamber to the harvesting receptacle.
  • the mature larvae can fall through a harvest opening 228 into the harvesting receptacle 202 where a user of the system 100 may harvest the mature larvae (Fig. 3).
  • the harvesting receptacle 202 is insulated to pre-cool the mature larvae. The insects will usually be consumed as larvae or prepuae.
  • the harvesting receptacle 202 may have a temperature control system, such as a cooling system (not shown), that operates to maintain the interior environment of the harvesting receptacle 202 at a desired temperature to prevent the larvae from pupating into adult insects and/or kill the larvae (e.g., by freezing the larvae).
  • the cooling system is activated intermittently. The user may not want to freeze or cool the larvae, but would like to use the harvested larvae to restart the insect lifecycle. In some embodiments, the cooling system is not active all the time, but activated only at times and for durations sufficient to kill the larvae in the harvesting receptacle 202 or to put the larvae into a dormant state.
  • the system 100 may include a device or devices to manage the interior environment of one or more of the egg-producing chamber structure 105, the larvae- growth chamber 175 and the harvesting receptacle 202.
  • the system 100 can include a ventilation unit 233 that regulates micro-climate conditions of one or more of the egg-producing chamber structure 105, the larvae-growth chamber 175 and the harvesting receptacle 202.
  • the ventilation unit 233 may regulate one or more temperature and humidity, and may be adjusted through regulators installed interior of the system 100.
  • a protective cap 223 (Fig. 3) prevents mature larvae from escaping.
  • the protective cap 223 is transparent and provides a way for a user of the system 100 to observe at least part of the lifecycle of the insects.
  • the system 100 can include a dead insect trap 238 which dead insects can fall into and through to a waste receptacle 243.
  • At least one interior wall 248 of the mating and oviposition chamber 120 can be shaped to aid in guiding dead insects to the dead insect trap 238.
  • the interior wall 248 (Fig. 1 A) is curved towards the dead insect trap 238.
  • the dead insect trap 238 can be any suitable shape.
  • the inlet of the dead insect trap 238 has a circular shape.
  • the inlet of the dead insect trap 238 can have a slot, square or other suitable shape.
  • system 100 includes a vacuum device (not shown) operatively connected to the dead insect trap 238 to draw dead insects into the dead insect trap 238 and into the waste receptacle 243.
  • the waste receptacle 243 is also configured to receive feces from the larvae in the larvae-growth chamber 175 as well as the dead insects.
  • the waste receptacle 243 can be in communication with both the larvae-growth chamber 175 via a set of apertures in the larvae-growth chamber (not shown) and the dead insect trap 238.
  • the larvae feces, diluted with water, may be used as a fertilizer for plants.
  • Fig. 9 depicts a flowchart of an example method 300 for breeding and harvesting insects.
  • the method 300 is performed using the system 100.
  • the system 100 and/or the method 300 can be varied, and need not work exactly as discussed herein in conjunction with each other, and that such variations are within the scope of the described systems and methods.
  • the method 300 need not be performed in the exact sequence as shown unless otherwise indicated; and likewise various blocks may be performed in parallel rather than in sequence; hence the elements of the method 300 are referred to as "blocks" rather than "steps”.
  • the method 300 can be implemented on variations of the system 100 as well.
  • an egg-producing chamber structure such as the egg-producing chamber structure 105, that is configured to receive insect pupae for pupation and to permit the emerged adult insects to mate and oviposit insect eggs is provided.
  • the provided egg-producing chamber structure can include one or more chambers.
  • multiple insect lifecycle stages are at least started in the same chamber.
  • one or more of insect lifecycle stages are performed in separate chambers. Hydration structures configured to provide a hydrating fluid to the emerged adult insects could also be provided in the chamber structure, such as the hydration nozzles 165 of the egg-producing chamber structure 105.
  • the emerged adult insects are exposed to light including at least one wavelength of light that is conducive to mating between the emerged adult insects, such as light including the wavelength of light 258.
  • exposing the emerged adult insects to light including the at least one wavelength of light conducive to mating includes exposing the emerged adult insects to ambient light (e.g., to light that is ambient to the egg-producing chamber structure).
  • exposing the emerged adult insects to light including the at least one wavelength of light conducive to mating includes exposing the emerged adult insects to artificial light.
  • a lamp configured to provide light including the wavelength of light 258 may be used to perform block 310.
  • the insect eggs and/or the neonates of the insect eggs are received in at least one oviposition region of the chamber structure, such as the oviposition region 125 of the chamber structure 105.
  • a larvae-growth chamber such as the larvae-growth chamber 175, that is in communication with the at least one oviposition region so as to be configured to receive at least one of the insect eggs and neonates of the insect eggs from the at least one oviposition region, such as the oviposition region 125, is provided.
  • the provided larvae-growth chamber is configured to permit the insect eggs (and neonates of the insect eggs) to transition into larvae and to hold feed material for the larvae.
  • the larvae-growth chamber 175 may be round in shape in order for the larvae to grow efficiently and the walls of the larvae-growth chamber 175, such as walls 190, can be opaque, semi-opaque or partly opaque.
  • the larvae-growth chamber 175 may also include the feeding door 195 that can be opened to deposit the feed material into the larvae-growth chamber 175.
  • Figs. 10 to 16 which show another embodiment of a system for breeding and harvesting insects, an example system 400.
  • the example system 400 is at least partially enclosed and can be used to breed and harvest black soldier flies and their larvae.
  • the system 400 is used for breeding and harvesting other insect species, such as mealworms, crickets or locusts.
  • the system 400 shares some features with system 100 and like features have like numbers beginning with a "4" rather than a "1 " or a "2". Although the system 400 shares some features with the system 100, the system 400 does include at least one alternate or additional feature. These differences will be discussed further below.
  • the system 400 includes an egg-producing chamber structure 405 configured to receive insect pupae for pupation and to permit emerged adult insects to mate and oviposit eggs.
  • the egg-producing chamber structure 405 may be any suitable shape and size.
  • the egg-producing chamber structure 405 can include one or more chambers.
  • the egg-producing chamber structure 405 can include more than one chamber structure, such as a pupation chamber 415 and a mating and ovipostion chamber 420 (Fig. 1 1 ).
  • multiple insect lifecycle stages are at least started in the same chamber.
  • one or more insect lifecycle stages are performed in separate chambers. Particular features of the pupation chamber 415 and the mating and oviposition chamber 420 are described further below.
  • the egg-producing chamber structure 405 includes at least one egg-laying or oviposition region 425 (Fig. 12A) that is configured to receive the insect eggs and to allow at least one of the insect eggs and neonates of the insect eggs to pass therethrough.
  • the at least one oviposition region 425 is included in at least one nozzle structure 430 (Fig. 12B) in the egg-producing chamber structure 405.
  • any suitable location for the oviposition region 425 in the egg-producing chamber structure 420 is contemplated.
  • the oviposition region 425 can take any suitable configuration that allows at least one of the insect eggs and the neonates of the insect eggs to pass through.
  • the oviposition region 425 can include at least one egg-receiving aperture 435 (Fig. 12) sized to allow at least one of the insect eggs and the neonates of the insect eggs to pass through.
  • the oviposition region 425 can include at least one of a mesh structure and a perforated solid structure.
  • the oviposition region 425 can be formed as a perforated solid structure, shown in Fig. 12A as a membrane 440 interior of the nozzle structure 430.
  • Figs. 12B to 12D depict an example mesh structure 441 (Fig.
  • the mesh structure 441 can be formed from a 2 millimetres diameter aluminium mesh.
  • the depth, T, of the mesh structure 441 from a top surface 447 of the oviposition cup 442 can be 10 millimetres.
  • the depth, T is 50 millimetres.
  • the oviposition region 425 can include a combination of perforated solid structures and mesh structures.
  • the oviposition region 425 includes at least one pair of oviposition plates 436 (Fig.
  • the at least one egg-receiving aperture is at least one oviposition slot 437 formed between the pair of oviposition plates 436.
  • the pair of oviposition plates 436 are connected to each other in spaced-apart relation by spacers 439.
  • the distance, M, between the pair of oviposition plates 436 is approximately 2mm.
  • the oviposition region 425 is removable from the egg- producing chamber structure 405 to, for example, clean or replace the oviposition region 425.
  • the egg-receiving apertures 435 can have a variety of suitable sizes and shapes.
  • the egg-receiving apertures 435 are circular in shape and have diameters ranging from approximately two millimeters to four millimeters.
  • the egg-receiving apertures 435 are elliptical, squared, organic, free-formed in shape or any combination thereof.
  • the nozzle structures 430 can be arranged in any suitable manner in the mating and oviposition chamber 420.
  • Figs. 13A to 13D show an example pupation chamber 415.
  • the pupation chamber 415 can include at least one aperture configured to allow the emerged adult insects to exit the pupation chamber 415, such as the exit holes 455.
  • the exit holes 455 are also positioned at a distance, D, away from the bottom surface, B, a compartment of the pupation chamber 415 that is configured to hold or retain the pupae and prepupae and help prevent the pupae and prepupae from escaping from the pupation chamber 415, while permitting the emerged adult insects to leave the pupation chamber 415 (e.g., by flying out of the pupation chamber 415).
  • the distance, D can be determined based on a desired number of pupae and/or prepupae the pupation chamber 415 is to hold.
  • the pupation chamber 415 may be removably attached to the remainder of the egg-producing chamber structure 405 (e.g., to the mating and oviposition chamber 420).
  • the pupation chamber 415 may have a cover or top, such as cover 460.
  • the cover 460 can be a mesh structure, a plastic structure or any other suitable covering for the pupation chamber 415.
  • the pupation chamber 415 can include a pupation heat mat 459 interior of the pupation chamber 415.
  • a cable 469 to provide electrical power to the heat mat 459 may be run, for example, upwards towards the cover 460 (not shown in Fig. 13D) or downwards underneath the mating and oviposition chamber 420.
  • the egg-producing chamber structure 405 can include a compartment configured to hold a hydrating fluid for the emerged adult insects.
  • the pupation chamber 415 can include a nutrient compartment 448 configured to hold a hydrating fluid and/or a pad 466 (Fig. 13B) or cloth impregnated with the hydrating fluid.
  • the pad 466 may be made from food grade cotton or synthetic materials.
  • the pad 466 may be disposable.
  • the pupation chamber 415 may be any suitable shape and manufactured from any suitable material or combination of materials. As soon as the prepupae and/or the pupae emerge as adult insects, they seek their way out of the pupation chamber 415, into the mating and oviposition chamber 420.
  • the adult emerged insects such as black soldier flies, will likely spend their adult lifecycle (fly stadium) in the mating and oviposition chamber 420.
  • the mating and oviposition chamber 420 is in communication with the pupation chamber 415 such that the emerged adult insects can exit the pupation chamber 415 and reach the mating and oviposition chamber 420.
  • the emerged adult insects are able to exit the pupation chamber 415, through the exit holes 455, for example, directly into the mating and oviposition chamber 420.
  • the mating and oviposition chamber 420 can take a variety of shapes and can be formed from a variety of materials. As shown in Figs. 10 and 1 1 , the mating and oviposition chamber 420 can be generally hemispheric in shape, which may make the interior space of the mating and oviposition chamber 420 appear larger for the adult insects, such as flies. For easier access to the interior of the mating and oviposition chamber 420 (e.g., for cleaning or other maintenance), the mating and oviposition chamber 420 may be separable into two or more sections and/or removably attached to the remainder of the egg-producing chamber structure 405 and/or the system 400.
  • the mating and oviposition chamber 420 may be manufactured from any suitable material, such as glass, plastic or plexiglass.
  • the mating and oviposition chamber 420 may be fully or partially transparent, or fully opaque.
  • a coating or film such as an ultraviolet filter film
  • the mating and oviposition chamber 420 may be manufactured from a solid material, which may help contain odours from the larvae colony in the larvae- growth chamber 475 (described below) within the system 400.
  • seals are provided between one or more of the pupation chamber 415, the mating and oviposition chamber 120 and the larvae-growth chamber 475 to help contain odours from the larvae colony.
  • the system 400 includes a light source 453 (Fig. 14) configured to expose the emerged adult insects to light including at least one wavelength of light 458 conducive to mating between the emerged adult insects.
  • the light source 453 is ambient to the egg-producing chamber structure 405 and at least the mating and oviposition chamber 420 is configured to transmit light of the at least one wavelength of light 458 into the mating and oviposition chamber 420.
  • the light source 453 can be the Sun that transmits light including the wavelength of light 458, such as the full spectrum of sunlight
  • the mating and oviposition chamber 420 can be manufactured from a material that permits the light including the at least the wavelength of light 458 from the Sun, S, to be transmitted into the mating and oviposition chamber 420, such as glass, an ultra-violet light transmissive plexiglass or a netting material.
  • the mating and oviposition chamber 420 may also include one or more apertures to permit light including the at least the wavelength of light 458 from the Sun, S, to be transmitted into the mating and oviposition chamber 420.
  • the light source 453 is an artificial light source, such as a lamp 463, configured to provide artificial light including the wavelength of light 458.
  • the lamp 463 can include a bulb configured to provide ultraviolet light, such as a light bulb that provides light of a wavelength in the ultraviolet B spectrum.
  • a light bulb typically used to provide ideal conditions for reptiles without an undesirable amount of heat can be used (e.g., ExoTerraTM E27, 230 Volt, 25 Watt bulb).
  • the light source 453 can be used to provide at least some heat in the pupation chamber 415, by for example, selecting a light bulb that emits at least some heat.
  • the artificial light source is located interior of the chamber structure 405.
  • the artificial light source 453 can be located interior of the pupation chamber 415 (as shown in Figs. 1 1 and 14).
  • the pupation chamber 415 can be configured to house the light source 453 and to allow light including the wavelength of light 458 to be transmitted into the mating and oviposition chamber 420 (Figs. 1 1 and 14).
  • the pupation chamber 415 can include one or more openings 462 (Fig. 13A) for light including the wavelength of light 458 to be transmitted through.
  • the openings 462 can have a light transmissible covering, such a mesh screen 464 (Fig. 13C) or glass.
  • the pupation chamber 415 can include a shield 467 (Fig. 13B) configured to prevent the pupae from being exposed to an undesirable amount of light (e.g., an amount of light that would inhibit transformation into adult insects or that would be harmful to the pupae).
  • the shield 467 can be removable from the pupation chamber 415.
  • the shield 467 can include a finger hole 469 to grasp the shield for placement into or removal from the pupation chamber 415.
  • the shield 467 may also include a grasping member (not shown), such as a knob, to grasp the shield for placement into or removal from the pupation chamber 415.
  • the light source 453 is held in place in the pupation chamber 415 by the cover 460.
  • the pupation chamber 415 can be configured to perform multiple functions.
  • the pupation chamber 415 can provide a location for the source of hydrating fluid for the adult emerged insects, a site for pupation and a housing for the light source 453. Configuring the pupation chamber 415 to perform multiple functions can result in a more efficient use of the interior space of the mating and oviposition chamber 420, giving the adult emerged insects more space to travel about the interior of the mating and oviposition chamber 420 and to mate.
  • the insect eggs and/or neonates of the insect eggs pass through the oviposition region 425 into a larvae-growth chamber 475 (Fig. 14).
  • the larvae-growth chamber 475 is in communication with the oviposition region 425 so as to be configured to receive the insect eggs and/or the neonates of the insect eggs from the oviposition region 425.
  • the insect eggs and/or neonates of the insect eggs may pass through the egg-receiving apertures 435 (Fig.
  • the oviposition region 425 performs multiple functions, including providing a site for oviposition, providing a mechanism to transport the insect eggs and/or neonates of the insect eggs to the larvae-growth chamber 475 without direct human intervention, and to permit airflow from the larvae-growth chamber 475 to the egg- producing chamber structure 405 (e.g., to the mating and oviposition chamber 420) to help stimulate oviposition.
  • the larvae-growth chamber 475 is configured to permit the insect eggs and/or the neonates of the insect eggs to transition into larvae.
  • the larvae-growth chamber 475 may be round in shape in order for the larvae to grow efficiently.
  • the larvae can be sensitive to light and prefer darkness.
  • the walls of the larvae-growth chamber 475 such as walls 468 (Fig. 14), can be opaque, semi-opaque or partly opaque. Surface treatments or films may be applied to the walls 468 to achieve the desired light transmissibility.
  • the larvae-growth chamber 475 is configured to hold feed material for the larvae.
  • the larvae can be fed organic waste material, such as food scraps, through a feed hatch 473 (Fig. 14), which is connected to the larvae-growth chamber 475.
  • the feed material may also be pre- processed feed or germ plasma.
  • the larvae-growth chamber 475 may be separable from the chamber structure 420 to allow feed material to be directly deposited into the larvae-growth chamber 475.
  • the larvae-growth chamber 475 can have additional structures to prevent larvae escape through the feed hatch 473 or elsewhere from the larvae-growth chamber 475.
  • additional structures can include small three-dimensional structures, such as a hooked substrate 479 (from a hook-and-loop substrate) (Figs. 18, 19) that provides a barrier for crawling larvae.
  • the "hooked" surface of the hooked substrate 479 provides small surfaces that are difficult for larvae to crawl over.
  • the hooked substrate 479 can be connected to an interior peripheral surface 489 of the larvae- growth chamber 475.
  • the hooked substrate 479 can be separately formed and then connected to the interior peripheral surface 489.
  • the hooked substrate 479 can be moulded onto to be integral with the interior peripheral surface 489.
  • the hooked substrate 479 can cover only a portion or discrete portions of an interior surface of the larvae-growth chamber 475, such as the interior peripheral surface 489.
  • the system 400 also includes a harvesting receptacle 402 (Fig. 10).
  • the harvesting receptacle 402 is a separate container that is exterior to the larvae-chamber 475 and the chamber structure 420.
  • the harvesting receptacle 402 is a structure that is nested or integral with the larvae- chamber 475.
  • the harvesting receptacle 402 is insulated to pre- cool the mature larvae. The insects will usually be consumed as larvae or prepuae.
  • the harvesting receptacle 402 may have a temperature control system, such as a cooling system (not shown), that operates to maintain the interior environment of the harvesting receptacle 402 at a desired temperature to prevent the larvae from pupating into adult insects and/or kill the larvae (e.g., by freezing the larvae).
  • the cooling system is activated intermittently. In some cases, the user may not want to freeze or cool the larvae, but would like to use the harvested larvae to restart the insect lifecycle.
  • the cooling system is not active all the time, but activated only at times and for durations sufficient to kill the larvae in the harvesting receptacle 402 or to put the larvae into a dormant state.
  • the harvesting receptacle 402 is in communication with the larvae-growth chamber 475 in that mature larvae are able to travel from the larvae-growth chamber 475 to the harvesting receptacle 402.
  • the larvae-growth chamber 475 of the system 400 includes at least one inclined wall portion, such as peripheral wall 468, that is configured to provide at least a partial passageway for the larvae to travel from the larvae-growth chamber 475 to the harvesting receptacle 402.
  • the mature larvae can climb up the inclined wall portion to at least one larvae exit aperture, such as a larvae exit aperture 478 (Figs.
  • the inclined wall portion is the entire peripheral wall or set of peripheral walls, such as the peripheral wall 468, and the inclined peripheral wall provides the at least partial passageway about the entire periphery of the larvae-growth chamber 475. As a result, the larvae would be able to travel to the harvesting receptacle 402 about 360 degrees of the peripheral wall rather than be required to find discrete portions of the peripheral wall 468, for example, to travel to the larvae exit aperture 478 and, eventually, to the harvesting receptacle 402.
  • the at least one inclined wall portion is shown as the entire peripheral wall of the larvae-growth chamber 475, peripheral wall 468, in some embodiments the entire peripheral wall is not inclined and can instead be one or more distinct sections of the wall 468 that are inclined while the remainder of the wall 468 is not inclined (i.e., either 90 degrees from a horizontal datum or zero degrees from a horizontal datum). Furthermore, the larvae-growth chamber 475 can include more than one larvae exit aperture 478.
  • the at least one inclined wall portion is inclined at an angle, R, generally between 25 and 90 degrees from a horizontal datum (shown as H in Fig. 14). In some embodiments, the angle R is between 25 and 45 degrees.
  • the inclined wall portion of the larvae- growth chamber 475 does not have to provide a complete or direct path or passageway to the harvesting receptacle 402.
  • the larvae may travel over the inclined wall portion in combination with other surfaces or components that are not inclined to reach the harvesting receptacle 402.
  • the inclined wall portion would provide at least a partial passageway for the larvae to travel from the larvae-growth chamber to the harvesting receptacle 402.
  • the harvesting receptacle 402 does not need to be a container specifically configured for harvesting the larvae from the larvae-growth chamber 475, but can be any container or component that is capable of receiving the larvae from the larvae-growth chamber 475.
  • a user may place one or both hands underneath the larvae exit aperture 478 to catch the larvae as they exit the larvae-growth chamber 475.
  • the harvesting receptacle 402 may be provided separately from other components of the system 400.
  • the larvae-growth chamber includes a larvae exit plug 451 (Fig. 14) that is sized to engage the larvae exit aperture 478 and to prevent the larvae from exiting the larvae-growth chamber 475 via the larvae exit aperture 478.
  • the system 400 may include a device or devices configured to manage the interior environment of one or more of the egg-producing chamber structure 405, the larvae-growth chamber 475 and the harvesting receptacle 402.
  • the system 400 can include a heating mat 483 (Fig. 14) that heats the surrounding air to provide an air temperature that is conducive to larvae growth.
  • the heating mat 483 provides an air temperature generally between 27 and 30 degrees Celsius.
  • the heating mat 483 can be waterproof or otherwise impermeable to fluids.
  • the device or devices included to manage the interior conditions are not limited to a heating mat.
  • a ventilation unit and/or a humidifier can also be included.
  • Waste material such as larvae feces and other fluids, can travel from the larvae-growth chamber 475 to a waste receptacle 443 that is in communication with the larvae-growth chamber 475 (Fig. 14).
  • the waste material can pass through at least one waste aperture 488 (Fig. 15A) (also referred to as "waste apertures 488") in the larvae-growth chamber 475 into the waste receptacle 443.
  • waste material in the waste receptacle 443 can be diluted with water and used as a fertilizer for plants.
  • the waste receptacle 443 is removably attached to the larvae-growth chamber 405.
  • At least one filter device 499 (Figs. 15B, 15C) is included in at least one of the waste apertures 488 to filter excess fluids in the waste material passing through the waste apertures 488 from the larvae-growth chamber 475 into the waste receptacle 443 and control the amount of fluid in the waste receptacle 443 while preventing the larvae from escaping through the waste apertures 488.
  • the filter device 499 includes end rings 41 1 A, 41 1 B, fine filter mesh structures 421 A, 421 B, filter material 431 and filter holder 441 .
  • the fine filter mesh structures 421 A, 421 B can be manufactured from any suitable material, such as stainless steel, and are of a fine mesh sufficient to prevent at least one larvae from escaping through the waste apertures 488 from the larvae-growth chamber 475.
  • the filter material 431 can be made from filter pads used for aquarium applications, such the Aqua OneTM Carbo Pad. However, any suitable material for filtering the desired amount of fluid flowing from the larvae-growth chamber 475 into the waste receptacle 443 is contemplated.
  • the larvae will pupate into adult insects in the larvae-growth chamber 475.
  • the adult insects they may exit the larvae-growth chamber 475 through at least one one-way exit structure, shown as example one-way exit nozzle structures 493 in Fig. 12A, which are configured to permit at least one adult insect that emerged in the larvae-growth chamber 475 to exit the larvae-growth chamber 475 into the egg-producing chamber structure 405, such as into the mating and oviposition chamber 420, and to inhibit the at least one adult insect which emerged in the larvae-growth chamber from reentering the larvae-growth chamber 475 through the at least one one-way nozzle structure.
  • any other suitable structures that permit the adult emerged insects to travel into the egg-producing chamber structure 405 from the larvae-growth chamber 475, but inhibits re-entry of those adult emerged insects into the larvae-growth chamber 475 are also contemplated.
  • apertures suitably sized to permit the adult emerged insects to travel from the larvae-growth chamber 475 into the egg-producing chamber structure 405 but hinder reentry of the emerged adult insects into the larvae-growth chamber 475 may be included.
  • the system 400 can include an access sleeve 498 (Figs. 16A to 16C) that is configured to provide access to a component interior of the egg-producing chamber structure 405.
  • the access sleeve 498 may permit access to the oviposition region 425 for removal and/or cleaning of the oviposition region 425.
  • the access sleeve 498 can assist in cleaning an interior surface of the egg- producing chamber structure 405, such as an interior surface 502.
  • the access sleeve 498 can be removably attached to the interior of the egg-producing chamber structure 405, such as to the mating and oviposition chamber 420.
  • the access sleeve 498 is configured to be manipulated by a user's hand, arm or other implement to contact various surfaces of the system 400.
  • the access sleeve 498 may include a closure, such as a drawstring closure 504, at an end 506. When the end 506 is open (the closure, as the drawstring closure 504, is not actuated), a user is able to slip their arm through the sleeve and hold a cleaning item, such as a sponge, in their hand or pick up dead insects with their fingers through the open end 506 of the access sleeve 498.
  • the dead insects can be disposed of through the holes 508 in the mating and oviposition chamber 420 (Fig. 16A) and/or through the feed hatch 473 into the larvae-growth chamber 475.
  • the dead insects may also be removed from the mating and oviposition chamber 420 and disposed of externally of the system 400.
  • the end 506 can be closed (the closure, as the drawstring closure 504, is actuated), and the user is able to slip their arm into the access sleeve 498 and grasp the dead insects through the material of the access sleeve 498.
  • the closure need not be a drawstring, but can include a variety of closure mechanisms such as buttons, hook-and-loop closures and clips to close the end 506.
  • the access sleeve 498 may be manufactured from a variety of materials.
  • the access sleeve 498 may be manufactured from cotton or a net of woven material, such as nylon.
  • at least a portion of the access sleeve 498 is manufactured from a material that has a texture sufficient to allow debris and/or dead insects to adhere to the access sleeve 498.
  • the pupation chamber 415 may be removed from the egg-producing chamber structure 405 in order to attach and use the access sleeve 498 to the remainder of the egg-producing chamber 405 (e.g., the mating and oviposition chamber 420). Insects that are removed from the egg-producing chamber structure 405 may be deposited into the larvae-growth chamber 475 to feed the maturing larvae or disposed of in another manner.
  • Fig. 17 depicts a flowchart of an example method 500 for breeding and harvesting insects.
  • the method 500 is performed using the system 400.
  • the system 400 and/or the method 500 can be varied, and need not work exactly as discussed herein in conjunction with each other, and that such variations are within the scope of the described systems and methods.
  • the method 500 need not be performed in the exact sequence as shown unless otherwise indicated; and likewise various blocks may be performed in parallel rather than in sequence; hence the elements of the method 500 are referred to as "blocks" rather than "steps”.
  • the method 500 can be implemented on variations of the system 100 as well.
  • an egg-producing chamber structure such as the egg-producing chamber structure 405, that is configured to receive insect pupae for pupation and to permit the emerged adult insects to mate and oviposit insect eggs is provided.
  • the provided egg-producing chamber structure can include one or more chambers.
  • multiple insect lifecycle stages are at least started in the same chamber.
  • one or more of insect lifecycle stages are performed in separate chambers. Structures configured to provide a hydrating fluid for the emerged adult insects can be provided, such as the nutrient compartment 448.
  • the emerged adult insects are exposed to light including at least one wavelength of light that is conducive to mating between the emerged adult insects, such as the wavelength of light 458.
  • exposing the emerged adult insects to light including the at least one wavelength of light conducive to mating includes exposing the emerged adult insects to ambient light (e.g., to light that is ambient to the chamber structure).
  • exposing the emerged adult insects to light including the at least one wavelength of light conducive to mating includes exposing the emerged adult insects to artificial light.
  • the lamp 463 may be used to perform block 510.
  • the insect eggs are received in at least one oviposition region of the egg-producing chamber structure, such as the oviposition region 425 of the egg- producing chamber structure 405.
  • a larvae-growth chamber that is in communication with the at least one oviposition region 425 so as to be configured to receive at least one of the insect eggs and the neonates of the insect eggs from the at least one oviposition region 425, such as the larvae-growth chamber 475, is provided.
  • the provided larvae-growth chamber is configured to permit the insect eggs and/or the neonates of the insect eggs to transition into larvae and to hold feed material for the larvae.
  • the larvae-growth chamber 475 may be round in shape in order for the larvae to grow efficiently and the walls of the larvae-growth chamber 475, such as walls 468, can be opaque, semi-opaque or partly opaque.
  • the larvae-growth chamber 475 may also include the feed hatch 473 that can be opened to deposit the feed material into the larvae- growth chamber 475. As stated above, the larvae-growth chamber 475 may be separable from the egg-producing chamber structure 405 such that the feed material can be directly deposited into the larvae-growth chamber 475.
  • the provided larvae-growth chamber will also include at least one inclined wall portion, such as the peripheral wall 468, that is configured to provide at least a partial passageway for the larvae to travel from the larvae-growth chamber to a harvesting receptacle, such as the harvesting receptacle 402.
  • the described systems and methods for breeding and harvesting insects provide an enclosed environment for the insects to progress through an entire lifecycle, from pupation to adulthood to death. During at least one stage of the insects' lifecycle, the insects may be harvested. For example, according to some embodiments, the described systems and methods yield approximately 500 grams of premature larvae each week. According to some embodiments, the yield may be less or more than 500 grams. According to some embodiments, the described systems are configured to allow a user to observe at least one stage of the insects' lifecycle. For example, features, such as the protective cap 223 (when configured to be at least partially transparent) can be included.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système d'élevage et de collecte d'insectes, comprenant : une structure de chambre de production d'œufs conçue pour recevoir les pupes d'insectes pour la pupaison et permettre aux adultes émergés de s'accoupler et de pondre des œufs d'insectes; au moins une région d'oviposition dans la structure de chambre de production d'œufs conçue pour recevoir les œufs d'insectes et permettre aux œufs d'insectes et/ou aux nouveau-nés des œufs d'insectes de passer à travers; une chambre de croissance des larves en communication avec la ou les régions d'oviposition de manière à être conçue pour recevoir les œufs des insectes à partir de la ou des régions d'oviposition et pour permettre aux œufs des insectes de se transformer en larves et de recevoir une matière alimentaire pour larves; un réceptacle de collecte en communication avec la chambre de croissance de larves; et au moins une surface inclinée conçue pour fournir au moins un passage partiel pour que les larves se déplacent depuis la chambre de croissance de larves vers le réceptacle de collecte.
PCT/EP2015/065274 2014-07-05 2015-07-05 Système et procédé d'élevage et de collecte d'insectes WO2016005296A1 (fr)

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US15/339,900 US9642344B2 (en) 2014-07-05 2016-10-31 System and method for breeding and harvesting insects
US15/586,101 US10010060B2 (en) 2014-07-05 2017-05-03 System and method for breeding and harvesting insects

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FR3076979A1 (fr) * 2018-01-24 2019-07-26 Damien Sabatier Dispositif de production de larves
FR3081677A1 (fr) * 2018-06-05 2019-12-06 Entofood Sdn Bhd Dispositif attracteur pour la ponte d’insectes
CN110999871A (zh) * 2019-12-29 2020-04-14 山西大学 一种飞蝗实验养殖笼
US10842138B1 (en) 2017-08-02 2020-11-24 Insecticycle LLC Method, device, and system for use with insect larvae
WO2022113670A1 (fr) * 2020-11-26 2022-06-02 株式会社ジェイテクト Dispositif d'élevage
WO2023089142A1 (fr) 2021-11-18 2023-05-25 Smartcrops B.V. Système et procédé de production d'œufs d'insectes

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Cited By (9)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10842138B1 (en) 2017-08-02 2020-11-24 Insecticycle LLC Method, device, and system for use with insect larvae
CN107711725A (zh) * 2017-11-21 2018-02-23 湖南卢氏环保科技有限公司 畜禽粪便养殖黑水虻系统及该系统的控制方法
FR3076979A1 (fr) * 2018-01-24 2019-07-26 Damien Sabatier Dispositif de production de larves
WO2019145628A1 (fr) * 2018-01-24 2019-08-01 Sabatier Damien Dispositif de production de larves
FR3081677A1 (fr) * 2018-06-05 2019-12-06 Entofood Sdn Bhd Dispositif attracteur pour la ponte d’insectes
CN110999871A (zh) * 2019-12-29 2020-04-14 山西大学 一种飞蝗实验养殖笼
WO2022113670A1 (fr) * 2020-11-26 2022-06-02 株式会社ジェイテクト Dispositif d'élevage
WO2023089142A1 (fr) 2021-11-18 2023-05-25 Smartcrops B.V. Système et procédé de production d'œufs d'insectes
NL2029812B1 (en) * 2021-11-18 2023-06-12 Smartcrops B V System and method for generating insect eggs

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