WO2016005102A1 - Hinterleuchtungseinrichtung - Google Patents
Hinterleuchtungseinrichtung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016005102A1 WO2016005102A1 PCT/EP2015/061980 EP2015061980W WO2016005102A1 WO 2016005102 A1 WO2016005102 A1 WO 2016005102A1 EP 2015061980 W EP2015061980 W EP 2015061980W WO 2016005102 A1 WO2016005102 A1 WO 2016005102A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- retroreflective
- radiation
- light sources
- side wall
- semiconductor light
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
- G02F1/133605—Direct backlight including specially adapted reflectors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/12—Reflex reflectors
- G02B5/122—Reflex reflectors cube corner, trihedral or triple reflector type
- G02B5/124—Reflex reflectors cube corner, trihedral or triple reflector type plural reflecting elements forming part of a unitary plate or sheet
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/12—Reflex reflectors
- G02B5/126—Reflex reflectors including curved refracting surface
- G02B5/128—Reflex reflectors including curved refracting surface transparent spheres being embedded in matrix
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/12—Reflex reflectors
- G02B5/126—Reflex reflectors including curved refracting surface
- G02B5/13—Reflex reflectors including curved refracting surface plural curved refracting elements forming part of a unitary body
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
- G02F1/133603—Direct backlight with LEDs
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
- G02F1/133608—Direct backlight including particular frames or supporting means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
- G02F1/133611—Direct backlight including means for improving the brightness uniformity
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/12—Reflex reflectors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
- G02B6/0055—Reflecting element, sheet or layer
Definitions
- the invention relates to a backlight device comprising a plurality of semiconductor light sources for generating light radiation and a side wall arranged laterally of the semiconductor light sources.
- the invention further relates to a device comprising such
- a backlighting device serves for the homogeneous illumination of a surface.
- An example is the illumination of a back surface of a liquid crystal display (Liquid Crystal Display,
- LEDs Light Emitting Diode, LED
- LED light sources each having a primary optics, in a plane parallel to the surface to be illuminated.
- the pri ⁇ märoptiken serve to provide a radiation pattern with a side outgoing light emission. This serves to achieve a homogeneous irradiation of the surface to be illuminated by superposition of the light components of adjacent light sources.
- the radiation reflection can take place on sidewalls of a wall structure circulating in a frame-like manner over the light sources.
- One possibility is an orthogonal orientation of the pages ⁇ walls of the frame with respect to a predetermined level by the light sources, as well as a configuration of the side walls as a specular reflector. This allows light from a peripheral each light source are each reflected as if this proportion of another fictitious, located outside of the backlight device light source.
- the aforementioned concept is simple, but not always he wishes ⁇ .
- an angled orientation of the side walls is required to achieve a flat appearance. This concerns, for example, the field of flat screens.
- An embodiment with inclined and specularly reflective side walls leads to an increased luminance and thus a bright edge on the surface to be illuminated, so that no homogeneous illumination is possible.
- Herkömm Anlagen- example is therefore designed dif ⁇ fus the surface of the inclined side walls reflective. Associated with this is a lambert radiation characteristic, whereby a part of the incident light on the side walls can be reflected back in the direction of the light sources.
- the object of the present invention is to provide an improved solution for a backlight device.
- a surface to be illuminated hereinafter also referred to as a lighting surface, can be irradiated with light radiation from the semiconductor light sources.
- the angeord ⁇ Neten in a plane semiconductor light sources can be located parallel to the illumination area.
- the side wall of the backlight device is inclined to the plane predetermined by the semiconductor light sources and thus also to the associated plane normal.
- the side wall may be inclined to the illumination surface ⁇ .
- the side wall in the direction of the BL LEVEL ⁇ processing surface can taper outwardly. The oblique design allows a flat look of the
- Backlighting This applies correspondingly to a device equipped with the backlight device.
- the inclined sidewall of the backlight is retroreflective.
- the retroreflective configuration is present at a side of the side wall which is irradiated with light ⁇ radiation of the semiconductor light sources. This makes it possible, during operation of the
- Backlight device on the side wall a large part of an incident light radiation in the direction of the incident radiation or from a given by the side wall normal in the direction of the incident radiation to reflect back.
- This also applies to light radiation which is emitted by light sources adjacent to the side wall in the direction of the side wall.
- the on ⁇ come an increased luminance at the edge of the illumination area can be avoided in the side wall.
- Using the backlighting is therefore a homogeneous irradiation of the illumination area, also on the edge at Be ⁇ rich sidewall can achieve.
- This advantage can become all the clearer the smaller the number of semiconductor light sources or the greater the distance between them and / or the smaller the distance between the light sources and the illumination surface.
- the retroreflective design of the sloping sidewall offers the possibility of the
- Radiation reflection may be due to effects such as scattering effects, reflection at (at least) one interface, structural defects, etc.
- the semiconductor light sources of the backlighting device may comprise, for example, light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Furthermore, the semiconductor light sources can be designed, for example, to generate white light radiation. This can be achieved by a radiation conversion using one or more conversion materials or phosphors.
- LEDs light-emitting diodes
- the semiconductor light sources may further comprise suitable optics or primary optics. These may be designed in such a way that the semiconductor light sources have a spread radiation characteristic with a light emission taking place to the side.
- the primary optics may be realized in the form of lenses. By a superimposition or mixture of the radiation parts of the semiconductor light sources, a homogeneous irradiation of the illumination surface can be achieved in this way.
- the semiconductor light sources arranged in a plane can be positioned in the form of a regular grid or in the form of a matrix in the form of rows and columns. Areas between the semiconductor light sources and also optionally at the edge or adjacent to the retroreflective sidewall may be formed diffusely reflective.
- an inclination angle to the normal of the plane given by the semiconductor light sources may be 45 ° or more, or in a range between, for example, 45 ° and 80 °. It is conceivable, for example, a tilt angle in a range between 60 ° and 70 °. As a result, a flat appearance of the backlighting device can be promoted. However, a smaller inclination angle below 45 ° is also possible.
- the inclined and retroreflective sidewall is part of a frame circulating the semiconductor light sources.
- the frame has further side walls.
- the frame is rectangular or has a rectangular contour in plan view. In this embodiment, the frame thus has three further side walls.
- At least one of the further side walls of the frame is also inclined and retro ⁇ reflective.
- the inclined design allows a flat appearance. Due to the retroreflective embodiment, the occurrence of an increased luminance at the edge of the illumination surface in the region of the side wall can be avoided.
- the backlight may have two opposing side walls which are sloped and retroreflective. It is also possible such Substituted ⁇ staltung in which all four sidewalls are tilted, and retroreflective.
- At least one side wall of the, for example, rectangular frame not to be inclined, but instead aligned perpendicular to the plane predetermined by the semiconductor light sources or perpendicular to the illumination surface.
- Such a side wall can orthogonal to the side which is irradiated with light radiation of the semiconductor light sources to be formed specularly reflective to a homogeneous illumination to made ⁇ union.
- the retroreflective design allows the (at least one) sidewall of the
- Backlight device a relatively large part of an incident light radiation in the direction of the incident radiation or of a given by the side wall normal in the direction of the incident radiation
- the following embodiments may be considered which enable the provision of homogeneous illumination with high reliability.
- the following embodiments may be considered which enable the provision of homogeneous illumination with high reliability.
- the side wall may be further configured such that more than 70% or more than 90% of the incident light radiation in the aforementioned manner is reflected back. This beneficiaries ⁇ Strengthens providing a homogeneous lighting.
- the (at least one) retroreflective side wall is formed, more than 50% ei ⁇ ner incident light radiation in a predetermined angular range in the direction of incident light radiation, in particular in an angular range of -45 ° to 45 ° or from -30 ° to 30 ° relative to an angle of incidence of the incident light radiation, back to reflect.
- the side wall can also be designed here so that more than 70% or more than 90% of the incident light radiation is reflected back in the aforementioned manner. In this way the homogeneous Be ⁇ lighting can also be favored.
- the incident light rays can or can impinge a substantial portion of incident light radiation at an incident angle to the side wall, which is in a range of, for example, between 20 ° to 70 ° with respect to the position predetermined by the Be ⁇ tenwand Normal , lies.
- the angle of incidence depends, among other things, on the inclination of the side wall.
- the above-explained refinements or information on retro reflection can refer to the radiation reflection occurring in the cross section of the side wall. In this vertical space towards the side wall can be retroreflektie ⁇ rend or not. Furthermore, it hingewie ⁇ sen that in an embodiment of
- Backlight device having a plurality of retroreflective sidewalls all of the retroreflective sidewalls may be formed as indicated above. This may also apply to the embodiments given below.
- the retroreflective property of the (at least one) sidewall of the backlight can be realized by having the sidewall be a retroreflective Structure has.
- different Ausgestal ⁇ tions come into consideration.
- a retroreflection can be realized by a combination of a lens and a convexly curved reflecting surface, wherein these components are matched to one another in such a way that a light radiation focused with the aid of the lens impinges substantially perpendicularly on the curved reflecting surface.
- the light radiation reflected on the curved surface can in this case run back essentially in the direction of the incident light radiation.
- a retroreflective structure can therefore be realized with structural elements each comprising a lens and an associated hearing ⁇ curved reflecting surface.
- a functioning according to this principle possible Ausgestal ⁇ tion of a retroreflective structure has an arrangement of microspheres.
- the microspheres may be formed of a transparent material and positioned side by side.
- a front-side part of the spherical surface of the microspheres can each serve as a lens in order to focus light radiation in the direction of a rear-side part of the spherical surface.
- the microspheres can front into a
- the backside spherical surface of the microspheres may be reflective.
- a reflective metallic material or a Bragg mirror can be arranged on the back side of the microspheres.
- the retroreflective structure may comprise a microlens array. This can be done with the help of a
- Layer can be realized from a transparent material, which comprises curved at a front side and at a back side surfaces.
- the front side Curved part surfaces serve as lenses or microlenses, respectively, to focus light radiation in the direction of the back curved partial surfaces.
- a further layer may be arranged from a transparent Ma ⁇ TERIAL which may be realized as a planarization layer. In order to cause a radiation reflection at the back curved partial surfaces of the transparent layer, these may be formed reflecting.
- a reflective metallic material or a Bragg mirror can be arranged on the rear side of the transparent layer.
- the transparent layer may have a biconvex configuration.
- the front side and the schseiti ⁇ gen curved surface portions of the transparent layer are curved outward respectively.
- an embodiment in the form of meniscus lenses in this case, the front-side curved partial surfaces are inwardly curved, and the rear-side curved surfaces are curved outward.
- retroreflective structure which includes an array of side-by-side corner or top-hatches. Having angle reflectors.
- Such structural elements gron- NEN have two or three mutually perpendicular oriented Reflection ⁇ ons vom. This can be realized for example by means of a layer or carrier layer having a structured side with gaps in the form of Eckreflekto ⁇ ren and is reflective at this side.
- Layer may be formed of a reflective metallic material or have on the structured side a reflective coating, for example a metallic coating or a coating in the form of a Bragg mirror.
- a layer of a transparent material On the structured side of the layer may further be arranged a layer of a transparent material, which may be realized as a planarization layer.
- the recesses may be filled with the transparent material.
- the filled recesses or Eckreflektoren can form a Mikroprismenan Aunt.
- further refinements for a retroreflective structure can be considered. For example, it is possible to provide an arrangement of inverted cones or truncated cones, ie, upside down with respect to the incident light radiation.
- the cones (stumps) can be a reflective surface or
- the retroreflective structure can be realized with the aid of a layer or carrier layer which has a structured side with recesses in the form of the cones (stumps) and is reflective on this side.
- the layer may be formed from a reflective metallic material or have on the structured side of a reflective coating, for example a metalli ⁇ specific coating or a coating in the form of a Bragg mirror.
- On this side of the layer may further be arranged a layer of a transparent material, which may be realized as a planarization layer. In this case, the recesses may be filled with the transparent material.
- a retroreflective structure has an acceptance angle for the incident light radiation for which the
- the inclined orientation of (at least one) side wall of the backlighting may result in that a light coming from the semiconductor light sources radiation substantially obliquely incident on the side wall and thus to the corresponding ⁇ retrore flective structure.
- structural elements of the retroreflective structure of the side wall are tilted to a normal given by the side wall.
- Ki ⁇ NEN be formed tilted in the direction of the incident light radiation, the structural elements. In this way it can be ⁇ aims that with high reliability, a large part of the incident light radiation in the direction of the incident radiation is reflected back.
- the tilted Substituted ⁇ staltung may come into consideration, for example, for structural elements such as corner reflectors described above or micro-prisms, but also the cone (stump).
- a retroreflective structure used in the backlighting device may, for example, be realized in the form of a retroreflective sheeting.
- the film may be, for example, an adhesive film.
- the (at least one) retroreflective sidewall in a targeted manner for effecting the diffuse reflection.
- the strength of the diffuse reflection occurring on the side wall can be specified exactly or a larger, diffusely reflected light component can be made available. This can be done, for example, by forming the side wall with a roughened surface. When using a front side or planarizing layer of a transparent material, as described above, the roughened surface may be provided on this layer.
- An alternative variant is an embodiment of the side wall with scattering particles.
- a front-side layer or planarization layer such particles may be embedded, for example in the transpa ⁇ pensions material of the layer.
- the backlighting device further details and embodiments may be considered.
- an embodiment with a frame of several side walls is possible, wherein the frame has a different contour, for example a triangular contour with three side walls, instead of a rectangular contour in plan view.
- at least one side wall is inclined and designed to be retroreflective.
- a vertical side wall (if present) may be formed specular reflective.
- the can or an inclined and retrore ⁇ inflected side wall of the backlighting device in plan view have a straight or a curved contour.
- An inclined and retroreflecting side wall arranged laterally of the light sources can furthermore have, for example, a circular or oval contour which is closed in the top view and circumscribes the light sources.
- a device is proposed which has a backlighting device with the structure described above or with a construction according to one or more of the embodiments described above.
- the device has a further device, which with light radiation of
- Backlight device is irradiated.
- the further device can be illuminated homogeneously with light radiation of the semiconductor light sources on a rear side or rear surface. Due to the inclined orientation of the side wall, the backlighting device and thus the device can have a flat appearance.
- the retroreflective manifestation of the sloped sidewall further allows to prevent the occurrence of increased luminance at the edge of the illuminated back of the further device. In this way, the further device from the back possible lends homogeneous, also on edge or in the area of the side wall to be illuminated.
- the device may be, for example, a flat screen or a flat screen TV.
- the other device is a liquid crystal display or a remplissigkris may be ⁇ tallpett (Liquid Crystal Display, LCD).
- the device may also be, for example, a self-illuminating street sign, an advertisement, a self-luminous poster or a surface light source for room lighting.
- the further device irradiated from the rear can, for example, comprise components such as a transparent layer, optionally colored differently in different regions
- Diffuser plate etc. include. It should be noted that above with respect to the
- FIG. 1 shows a side view of a device comprising a backlighting device and a further device that can be illuminated with the aid of the backlighting device, wherein the backlighting device has semiconductor light sources arranged in a plane and a frame with angled and retroreflective side walls encircling the semiconductor light sources;
- FIG. 3 is an illustration of radiation reflections occurring on a retroreflective sidewall
- FIG. 4 shows a side view of a retroreflective structure for a sidewall comprising a microsphere arrangement
- Figure 5 is a side view of a retroreflective structure for a sidewall having a microlens array
- Figure 7 is a side view of a retroreflective structure for a sidewall having a
- Figure 8 is a side view of a retroreflective structure for a sidewall having an array of inverted truncated cones.
- FIG. 9 is a side view of a section of the backlighting device in the region of a side wall, wel surface having a retroreflective structure having tilted structural ⁇ turelementen.
- the backlighting device 105 is part of a device 100 and is used for backlighting of a further device 135 of the device 100. It should be noted that the figures are merely schematic in nature and are not to scale. In this sense, components and structures shown in the figures may be exaggerated or oversized for clarity. Likewise, it is possible for the backlight 105 and the device 100 to be additional to those shown and described
- Components and structures may have other components and structures.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic side view of a device 100 which has a backlighting device 105 realized in the form of a direct backlight and a further device 135.
- the backlighting device 105 is located on the rear side of the device 135 and serves to irradiate the device 135 as homogeneously as possible from the back with a light radiation 150.
- a schematic shows a schematic side view of a device 100 which has a backlighting device 105 realized in the form of a direct backlight and a further device 135.
- the backlighting device 105 is located on the rear side of the device 135 and serves to irradiate the device 135 as homogeneously as possible from the back with a light radiation 150.
- a schematic side view of a device 100 which has a backlighting device 105 realized in the form of a direct backlight and a further device 135.
- the backlighting device 105 is located on the rear side of the device 135 and serves to irradiate the device 135 as homogen
- the device 100 is, for example, a flat screen television or a flat screen television.
- the backlighting device 105 may be configured to generate white light radiation 150.
- the device 135 schematically indicated in FIG. 1 may be a liquid crystal display or a liquid crystal display (LCD).
- the device 135 may have a conventional structure with components (not shown), such as, for example, a front glass pane, a rear glass pane. disc and arranged between the glass panes liquid crystal cells with color filters.
- the backlighting device 105 has a plurality of semiconductor light sources 110 for generating and emitting the light radiation 150 used for the backlighting of the further device 135.
- the light sources 110 are arranged in a plane next to one another. In this case, as shown in FIG. 2, there is a matrix-shaped arrangement of the light sources 110 in the form of rows and columns.
- Backlight device 105 may be implemented differently from another (for example, smaller) number or different arrangement of light sources 110.
- the semiconductor light sources 110 of the backlighting unit 105 have radiation-emitting semiconductor components 111 and associated optical components 112 realized in the form of lenses, also referred to below as primary optics 112. These components 111, 112 are arranged on one or more carriers 115. Such a carrier 115 may be, for example, a printed circuit board.
- backlighting 105 three strip-shaped carrier 115 which extend horizontally with respect to the ge in Figure 2 ⁇ showed light source arrangement and are each provided with four light sources 110th Deviating from this, other embodiments, including the use of a single carrier 115 for all light ⁇ sources 110 of the backlight 105, conceivable. , 0
- the light-emitting semiconductor components 111 may in particular be light-emitting diodes which are designed to generate white light radiation 150.
- the light emitting diodes 111 may, for example
- Light-emitting diode chips for generating a blue primary radiation and associated conversion elements for radiation conversion (not shown).
- the conversion elements can be designed to convert part of the blue light radiation into one or more secondary radiations in the green to red
- a white mixed radiation 150 can be generated.
- the primary optics 112 assigned to the radiation-emitting components or light-emitting diodes 111 serve to open the
- Backlight device 105 facing rear or rear surface of the further device 135 or act on a part of the back of the device 135.
- the semiconductor light sources 110 arranged in a plane are arranged parallel to the illumination surface 130.
- the backlighting device 105 furthermore has a rear side 127 and a frame-shaped wall structure which is connected thereto and surrounds the semiconductor light sources 110 at the edge, hereinafter referred to as frame 120.
- the peripheral frame 120 and the back 127 can form a Genosu ⁇ se the backlighting 105th
- the light source len 110 or the / the carrier 115 may be disposed on the back 127.
- the frame 120 which, as shown in FIG. 2, has a rectangular contour in plan view, has four adjoining side walls 121, 122.
- the two opposite side walls 121 have a greater length than the other two opposite side walls 122.
- the circumferential frame 120 is formed in cross-section angewin ⁇ cle, so that the side walls 121, 122 are inclined to the predetermined by the semiconductor light sources 110 level or to a normal 140 of this level. Due to the parallel arrangement of the light sources 110 to the illumination surface 130, the normal 140 can also refer to the Be ⁇ illumination surface 130.
- the inclined configuration for the two longer side walls 121 is shown. On the left side, an inclination angle 160 with respect to the normal 140 is additionally indicated.
- the two shorter ⁇ ren side walls 122 are also inclined formed (see FIG.
- the frame 120 or its side walls 121, 122 may, for example, in cross-section have a length extending from the back 127 to the illumination surface 130, which is between 10% and 95% of the distance of the light sources 110.
- the inclined side walls 121, 122 of the frame 120 which laterally revolves around the semiconductor light sources 110 are also irradiated with light radiation 150. This comprises irradiation of the side walls 150 with light radiation 150, which is emitted directly from the side of the sidewalls 121, 122 adjacent light sources 110 in the direction of the side walls 121, 122.
- the side walls 121, 122 of the frame 120 in this case have a suitable retroreflective structure. Possible embodiments are described below with reference to FIGS. 4 to 9.
- part of the light radiation 150 is also radiated from the side walls 121, 122 in the direction of the illumination surface 130 or the edge of the illumination surface 130, so that it also experiences homogeneous illumination at the edge.
- the diffuse reflection occurring at the retroreflective sidewalls 121, 122 is due to effects such as scattering effects, reflection at (at least) one interface, structural defects, etc.
- a corresponding design for the sidewall walls 121, 122 may be appropriate Provide the additional diffuse reflection be provided, as will be described in more detail below.
- regions between the semiconductor light sources 110 and also, if appropriate, at the edge or adjacent to the retroreflective side walls 112, 122 can be designed to be diffusely reflective.
- ⁇ by the homogeneous irradiation of the illumination surface 130 can be favored.
- a diffusely reflecting or white layer or film for use kom ⁇ men not shown.
- a homogeneous irradiation of the illumination surface 130 can be achieved if the side walls 121, 122 are formed with the following reflection properties described with reference to FIG.
- the A ⁇ incident angle 161 is based on a through the side wall 121, 122 predetermined surface normal of the incident angle 150 can 141. For example, in a range between 20 ° and 70 ° lie. This depends inter alia on the inclination of the side wall 121, 122.
- in the retroreflection light radiation 150 can not be completely reflected exactly in the direction of the incident light radiation 150, but that due to structural errors, for example Back reflection can be done in an angular range.
- the side wall 121, 122 may be designed so that more than 50% of the incident light radiation 150 is reflected back in an angular range beginning at an angle of more than 0 ° with respect to the normal 141 or away from the normal 141, ie in the direction of the incident Light radiation 150 is reflected.
- This angular range of retroreflection is in Figure 3 indicated schematically with reference to an outgoing angle ⁇ 162nd It is possible for the angular range to be greater than the range indicated in FIG. 3 on the basis of the angle 162, so that the angle 162, unlike FIG. 3, can exceed the angle 161.
- the side wall 121, 122 may be excluded forms to more than 70% or more than 90% of the light ⁇ radiation is reflected back in the aforementioned manner 150th In this way the homogeneous illumination can be beneficiaries ⁇ Untitled.
- the side wall 121, 122 may be configured to further, that more than 50% of the incident light radiation is reflected back 150 in a predetermined angular range 163 in the direction of the incident light radiation 150, as just ⁇ case is indicated in FIG. 3 Notwithstanding Figure 3, the angle range 163 may be relative to the angle of incidence 161 between -45 ° and + 45 ° or between -30 ° to + 30 °. In other words, the following conditions may exist:
- the side wall 121, 122 can also be designed here such that more than 70% or more than 90% of the incident light Radiation 150 is reflected back in this way. This also favors the provision of homogeneous illumination.
- the aforementioned embodiments relate to the projection of the light paths shown in FIG. 3 into the plane of the drawing, and thus to the radiation reflection occurring in the cross section of the side wall 121, 122.
- a perpendicular thereto room ⁇ direction is not considered here. In this direction, the sidewall 121, 122 may or may not be retroreflective.
- Structures are parameters such as refractive indices of materials, radii or radii of curvature and distances or focal lengths matched to one another in such a way that retractive reflection can occur in the aforementioned manner.
- the microspheres 203 are embedded in a layer 202 of a transparent material with a lower refractive index compared to the microspheres.
- the layer 202 is formed as a planarization layer with ⁇ planar front-side surface on which the light radiation is refracted 150th
- Layer 213 forms with the front-side curved Operaflä ⁇ surfaces 214 a microlens array, with the aid of which the incident light radiation 150 can be focused in the direction of the back side surfaces 215.
- the light radiation 150 strikes the sub-areas 215 substantially perpendicularly, and can run back after reflection in the direction of the incident light radiation 150.
- the partial surfaces 215 are reflective.
- the back of the layer 213 and adjacent thereto a layer 211 of a reflective metallic material.
- a further layer 212 of a transparent material with a lower refractive index than the layer 213 is arranged on the front side of the layer 213, a further layer 212 of a transparent material with a lower refractive index than the layer 213 is arranged.
- the layer 212 is in the form of a planarization layer having a front surface on which the light radiation 150 is refracted.
- the lens 213 has a bi-convex layer on both sides from ⁇ design with outwardly curved part surfaces 214, 215th
- ⁇ design with outwardly curved part surfaces 214, 215th
- an embodiment in the form of meniscus lenses is also possible.
- a realized in this sense retroreflective structural ⁇ structure 220 is shown in FIG. 6
- the structure 220 has a transparent layer 223 with concavely curved faces
- the layer 223 forms, with the front-side curved part surfaces 224 ⁇ a voltage Mikrolinsenanord-, by which the incident light radiation can be focused in the direction of the rear faces 225,150.
- a further layer 222 is arranged from a transparent material with egg ⁇ nem compared to the larger refractive index layer 223 on the front side of the layer 223rd
- This layer 222 is in the form of a planarization layer with a flat front surface abandonedbil ⁇ det.
- the focused light radiation 150 strikes the Wesentli ⁇ surfaces perpendicular to the rear side curved surface portions
- FIG. 7 shows a further retroreflective structure 230, which has an arrangement of side-by-side corner or wall panels. Angle reflectors having mutually perpendicularly oriented reflection surfaces. This is realized with the aid of a layer 231 which has a structured side facing recessed light radiation 150 with recesses 234 in FIG
- the layer 231 may be formed from a reflec ⁇ leaders metallic material.
- On the structured side of the layer 231 is further arranged a layer 233 of a transparent material, which is in the form of a planarization layer with a flat front surface.
- the recesses 234 are filled with Ma ⁇ TERIAL the layer 233rd This embodiment can form a micro prism arrangement.
- the incident light radiation 150 after refraction at the front surface of the layer 233, may be reflected at the reflection surfaces of the recesses 234 such that the light radiation 150 (after refraction) may travel back toward the incident radiation 150 ,
- the recesses 234 may each have a triangular shape with only two vertically oriented reflecting surfaces .
- the shown structural ⁇ structure may continue perpendicular to the plane of Figure 7 out, and thus can perpendicular to the plane of Figure 7 longitudinally extending, groove-shaped recesses gen vorlie- 234th
- the recesses 234 may also have three mutually perpendicular reflection surfaces, and be formed in the form of inverted or upside-down tetrahedrons.
- the tetrahedral recesses 234 can be arranged distributed in a plane next to one another.
- inverted cone stumps can be used instead of cones.
- a further retroreflective structure 240 is shown in FIG. 8, which has the same layers 231, 233 as the structure 230.
- the structured side of the layer 231 has recesses 236 in the form of truncated cones.
- the incident light radiation 150 can also be reflected in this embodiment on opposite portions of the lateral surface, so that a retroreflection takes place.
- a retroreflective structure has an acceptance angle or range of acceptance angle for which the structure is retroreflective.
- the side walls 121, 122 of the frame 120 are formed inclined so that the light coming from (adjacent) semiconductor light sources 110 light radiation 150 obliquely to the side walls 121, 122 and thus on the corresponding retrore ⁇ inflectional structure incident (cf. Figure 1). So that there is thus no impairment of the retroreflective effect, the above-described retrore ⁇ inflecting structures with structural elements may be realized which are formed tilted in the direction of the incident light radiation 150th
- Figure 9 shows a side view of a section of
- the retroreflective structure 250 has From ⁇ savings on 237th
- the recesses 237 may, for example, have mutually perpendicular reflection surfaces or serve as corner reflectors.
- a configuration comparable to FIG. 7 can be present with the layers 231, 233, ie the recesses 237 can be located on the side of the reflective surface facing the incident light radiation 150 Layer 231 are formed.
- the recesses 237 are tilted in the direction of the incident light radiation 150, with reference to the surface normal 141 predetermined by the side wall 121, 122 of the frame 120. In this way, there is a tilted prism arrangement.
- the tilted Aus ⁇ design is clear from a comparison of the recesses 237 with a direction indicated by dashed lines in Figure 9 recess 234.
- the recess 234 has no such tilted expression, but instead has a conventional, symmetrical to the orientation of the normal 141 orientation ,
- Such a tilted configuration may come to other ret ⁇ roreflektierende structures with other structural elements are used. These include, for example, the structures described above with conical or frusto-conical recesses 235, 236.
- retroreflective structures described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 9 may, for example, be realized in the form of retroreflective foils or adhesive foils.
- the side walls 121, 122 in the form of provided with the adhesive film side walls 121, 122 may be realized (not shown).
- the structures shown in the figures 4 to 9 may comprise at least one additional layer, not shown, such as egg ⁇ ne adhesive layer.
- Figures 4 to 9 may be modified such that only (in the range of refsie ⁇ leaders reflecting surfaces back spherical surfaces of the microspheres 203, back curved part surfaces 215, 225 of the lens layers 213, 223, reflecting surfaces of the recesses 234, 235, 236, 237) is a reflective material or a reflective embodiment.
- the layers 201, 211, 221, 231 can be carrier layers which have a reflective coating on the front side
- the reflective coating can for Example be formed of a metallic material, or realized in the form of a Bragg mirror.
- an embodiment may optionally be considered for selectively effecting the additional diffuse reflection.
- this can be done, for example, by forming the layers 202, 212, 222, 233 with a roughened, front-side surface to cause scattering (not shown).
- scattering particles which may for example be embedded in the transparent material of the layers 202, 212, 222, 233 (not shown).
- the illustrated embodiments are not limited to a device 100 in the form of a flat screen or a flat screen TV.
- the device 100 with the backlighting device 105 may also be, for example, a self-illuminating street sign, an advertisement, a self-luminous poster or a surface light source for room lighting. Accordingly, embodiments deviating from a liquid crystal screen may also be considered for the backlit further device 135 of the device 100.
- the device 135 may be, for example, a transparent, optionally in differing ⁇ chen areas differently colored layer or a diffuser plate, or may comprise such components.
- the backlighting device is a possible modification, not shown, this with a form rectangular frame, of which not all four side walls are inclined to the plane of the light sources or the illumination surface.
- the inclined side wall or the inclined side walls may be formed according to the above approaches retroreflective.
- the orthogonal side walls may be formed specularly reflective on the side which is irradiated with light radiation of the light sources.
- Realize backlight device which has a frame surrounding several semiconductor light sources with a different contour in plan view, for example, a triangular contour with three side walls.
- at least one or several or all of the side walls may be inclined relative to the plane of the light sources or the illumination surface and be designed to be retroreflective.
- Egg ⁇ ne vertical sidewall (if any) may be specularly reflective.
- Backlight device have a sloping and retroreflecting ⁇ side wall, which has a curved contour instead of a straight in the plan.
- Backlight device have a sloping and retroreflecting ⁇ side wall, which has a closed and the light sources encircling contour in the form of a circle or oval.
- a further device which is hereby illuminated from the back can also have a corresponding contour.
- the light sources of the backlighting device can be designed to generate a light radiation with a color different from white.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Planar Illumination Modules (AREA)
- Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
- Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201580037930.7A CN106537237B (zh) | 2014-07-11 | 2015-05-29 | 背光装置 |
| US15/325,450 US10564470B2 (en) | 2014-07-11 | 2015-05-29 | Backlighting device |
| DE112015003221.5T DE112015003221B4 (de) | 2014-07-11 | 2015-05-29 | Hinterleuchtungseinrichtung und Vorrichtung, aufweisend eine Hinterleuchtungseinrichtung |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102014213549.4 | 2014-07-11 | ||
| DE102014213549.4A DE102014213549A1 (de) | 2014-07-11 | 2014-07-11 | Hinterleuchtungseinrichtung |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2016005102A1 true WO2016005102A1 (de) | 2016-01-14 |
Family
ID=53298340
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2015/061980 Ceased WO2016005102A1 (de) | 2014-07-11 | 2015-05-29 | Hinterleuchtungseinrichtung |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US10564470B2 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN106537237B (de) |
| DE (2) | DE102014213549A1 (de) |
| TW (1) | TWI550322B (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2016005102A1 (de) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2018216996A1 (en) | 2017-05-23 | 2018-11-29 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Backlight unit and display apparatus including the same |
| WO2025012287A1 (de) * | 2023-07-13 | 2025-01-16 | Ams-Osram International Gmbh | Leuchtvorrichtung |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10439114B2 (en) * | 2017-03-08 | 2019-10-08 | Cree, Inc. | Substrates for light emitting diodes and related methods |
| WO2019046403A1 (en) | 2017-08-29 | 2019-03-07 | Avery Dennison Corporation | RETROREFLECTIVE SHEET FOR A PROJECTOR-BASED DISPLAY SYSTEM |
| KR102463819B1 (ko) * | 2017-11-30 | 2022-11-03 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | 백라이트 유닛 및 디스플레이 장치 |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002162912A (ja) * | 2000-11-24 | 2002-06-07 | Minolta Co Ltd | 面状照明装置及び液晶表示装置 |
| EP2426395A1 (de) * | 2009-06-15 | 2012-03-07 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Beleuchtungsvorrichtung, anzeigevorrichtung und fernsehempfänger |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ATE375896T1 (de) | 2004-04-07 | 2007-11-15 | 3M Innovative Properties Co | Kennzeichenschild-anordnung mit lichtquelle und hinterleuchtetem kennzeichenschild |
| JP4810814B2 (ja) | 2004-09-15 | 2011-11-09 | オムロン株式会社 | 光学シート及び面光源装置 |
| CN101137706A (zh) * | 2005-03-11 | 2008-03-05 | 3M创新有限公司 | 包含纳米颗粒的低聚聚氨酯可聚合组合物 |
| JP2007065120A (ja) | 2005-08-30 | 2007-03-15 | Funai Electric Co Ltd | 液晶モジュールの直下型バックライト装置 |
| US8310625B2 (en) * | 2007-05-18 | 2012-11-13 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display device |
| JP5121434B2 (ja) * | 2007-12-19 | 2013-01-16 | 株式会社ジャパンディスプレイウェスト | 電気光学装置 |
| EP2310885B1 (de) | 2008-07-10 | 2017-03-29 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Rückstrahlende artikel und vorrichtungen mit viskoelastischem lichtleiter |
| KR101578250B1 (ko) | 2008-07-10 | 2015-12-16 | 쓰리엠 이노베이티브 프로퍼티즈 컴파니 | 점탄성 도광체를 갖는 재귀반사성 용품 및 장치 |
| CN201680215U (zh) | 2010-03-26 | 2010-12-22 | 上海筑岛电气有限公司 | Led背光模组装置 |
| TWI451605B (zh) | 2011-03-08 | 2014-09-01 | 隆達電子股份有限公司 | 具有金屬反射面與散熱塊之發光二極體結構 |
| JP6025309B2 (ja) * | 2011-06-29 | 2016-11-16 | シャープ株式会社 | 光源装置および液晶表示装置 |
-
2014
- 2014-07-11 DE DE102014213549.4A patent/DE102014213549A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2015
- 2015-05-29 CN CN201580037930.7A patent/CN106537237B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2015-05-29 DE DE112015003221.5T patent/DE112015003221B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2015-05-29 WO PCT/EP2015/061980 patent/WO2016005102A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2015-05-29 US US15/325,450 patent/US10564470B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2015-06-24 TW TW104120233A patent/TWI550322B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002162912A (ja) * | 2000-11-24 | 2002-06-07 | Minolta Co Ltd | 面状照明装置及び液晶表示装置 |
| EP2426395A1 (de) * | 2009-06-15 | 2012-03-07 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Beleuchtungsvorrichtung, anzeigevorrichtung und fernsehempfänger |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2018216996A1 (en) | 2017-05-23 | 2018-11-29 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Backlight unit and display apparatus including the same |
| CN110998420A (zh) * | 2017-05-23 | 2020-04-10 | Lg电子株式会社 | 背光单元和包括背光单元的显示设备 |
| EP3631573A4 (de) * | 2017-05-23 | 2021-02-17 | LG Electronics Inc. | Rücklichteinheit und anzeigevorrichtung damit |
| CN110998420B (zh) * | 2017-05-23 | 2022-08-26 | Lg电子株式会社 | 背光单元和包括背光单元的显示设备 |
| WO2025012287A1 (de) * | 2023-07-13 | 2025-01-16 | Ams-Osram International Gmbh | Leuchtvorrichtung |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TWI550322B (zh) | 2016-09-21 |
| DE102014213549A1 (de) | 2016-01-14 |
| US20170160590A1 (en) | 2017-06-08 |
| DE112015003221B4 (de) | 2022-10-06 |
| CN106537237B (zh) | 2019-11-19 |
| CN106537237A (zh) | 2017-03-22 |
| US10564470B2 (en) | 2020-02-18 |
| TW201606391A (zh) | 2016-02-16 |
| DE112015003221A5 (de) | 2017-04-27 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP1608532B1 (de) | Scheinwerfer und scheinwerferelement | |
| EP2534535B1 (de) | Optoelektronisches halbleiterbauelement, beleuchtungseinrichtung und linse | |
| EP2284577B1 (de) | Optisches Bauelement und Beleuchtungsvorrichtung | |
| EP1618430B1 (de) | Lichtquelle | |
| DE102011012297B4 (de) | Beleuchtungsvorrichtung | |
| DE102019133775A1 (de) | Hintergrundlichteinheit und anzeigevorrichtung, die diese aufweist | |
| DE102013202334B4 (de) | Beleuchtungsvorrichtung zum Bereitstellen von Licht | |
| DE112015003221B4 (de) | Hinterleuchtungseinrichtung und Vorrichtung, aufweisend eine Hinterleuchtungseinrichtung | |
| DE102005036742A1 (de) | Led-Lampe | |
| DE102014110225A1 (de) | Fahrzeugleuchte | |
| EP2534003B1 (de) | Leseleuchte für kraftfahrzeuge | |
| WO2014139797A1 (de) | Optisches element und optoelektronisches bauelement mit optischem element | |
| EP2845233A1 (de) | Led-modul | |
| DE102016125581A1 (de) | Beleuchtungsvorrichtung und Kraftfahrzeug | |
| DE102004046256A1 (de) | Oberflächenleuchtsystem | |
| WO2017194682A1 (de) | Optische anordnung und anzeigegerät | |
| EP3408584B1 (de) | Leuchte mit pyramidenförmiger oder kegelförmiger abdeckung | |
| WO2012107097A1 (de) | Optisches bauelement und zugehörige beleuchtungs-vorrichtung | |
| DE112017000574B4 (de) | Leuchtvorrichtung | |
| DE102014217093A1 (de) | Beleuchtungsvorrichtung mit optoelektronischer Lichtquelle | |
| EP2924343B1 (de) | Led-leuchte mit refraktiver optik zur lichtdurchmischung | |
| DE212024000252U1 (de) | Linse und lichtemittierende Vorrichtung | |
| DE102016201347B4 (de) | Optisches System zum Beeinflussen der Lichtabgabe einer Lichtquelle | |
| EP1411294B1 (de) | Reflektor mit strukturierter Oberfläche, sowie Leuchte und Sekundärbeleuchtungssystem mit einem solchen Reflektor | |
| DE102014104339B4 (de) | Zentrales Aufhellungselement für LED-Leuchten |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 15727351 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 112015003221 Country of ref document: DE Ref document number: 15325450 Country of ref document: US |
|
| REG | Reference to national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R225 Ref document number: 112015003221 Country of ref document: DE |
|
| 122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 15727351 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |