WO2016004562A1 - Buoy for single point mooring system - Google Patents

Abstract

A buoy for a single point mooring system relates to a buoy used in a turret mooring system. The buoy comprises a fixed cylinder (8), an upper buoy (4), a lower buoy (7) and a mooring mechanism. The fixed cylinder (8) is vertically disposed. A rotating joint (16) is disposed on the upper end of the fixed cylinder (8). The upper buoy (4) is freely rotatably sleeved on the upper part of the fixed cylinder (8). The lower buoy (7) is freely rotatably sleeved on the lower part of the fixed cylinder (8). An anchor chain fixing mechanism is disposed at the bottom of the fixed cylinder (8). The longitudinal section of the upper buoy (4) is a sector with a big top and a small bottom. The longitudinal section of the lower buoy (7) is a sector with a big bottom and a small top. The mooring mechanism is fixed on the upper side of the upper buoy (4). The buoy for a single point mooring system forms a structure that is big in the end and small in the middle, so that the influence of wind, waves, and streams on the buoy can be greatly reduced, the wind and wave resistance is improved, and the influence of tide rise and tide fall on the force on anchor chains is effectively alleviated.

Description

Single point mooring system buoy

 Technical field

 A single point mooring system pontoon relates to a pontoon used in a turret mooring system.

 Background technique

 The main function of the single point mooring system is to bring the tanker or FPSO (Floating oil storage and unloading device) is moored in a fixed sea area for the transportation of crude oil or chemicals (fluid). The tanker or FPSO is attached to the pontoon by a cable and can be used around a single point mooring system. Degree rotation so that the tanker or FPSO can be made With the wind direction effect, the force received under the action of wind and waves will be smaller. In the whole single-point mooring system, the function of the pontoon is to provide buoyancy and install the turntable. The pontoon must meet certain strength and stability requirements in the water, and also ensure stability in chain-free towing, and the existing pontoon can resist wind and wave. Weak and unable to survive in harsh environments.

 Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a single point mooring system buoy capable of resisting wind and waves and capable of surviving in a harsh environment.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: the single point mooring system pontoon comprises a fixed cylinder, an upper pontoon, a lower pontoon and a mooring mechanism, the fixed cylinder is vertically arranged, and the upper end of the fixed cylinder is provided There is a rotary joint, the upper float is freely rotating on the upper part of the fixed cylinder, the lower float is freely rotating on the lower part of the fixed cylinder, and the bottom of the fixed cylinder is provided with an anchor chain fixing mechanism, and the longitudinal section of the upper float is upper and lower The fan shape, the longitudinal section of the lower pontoon is a fan shape with a large upper and a lower, and the mooring mechanism is fixed on the upper side of the upper pontoon. The upper buoy is large and small, and the lower buoy is large and small, so that the single-point mooring system buoy forms a large intermediate structure at both ends, and the fixed cylinder is fixed on the seabed through the anchor chain, and the sea surface is located on the upper buoy and the lower Between the buoys, when there is a strong wind and waves on the sea surface, the sea surface changes fluctuate within a small diameter between the upper buoy and the lower buoy. The tidal fluctuations have little change in the buoyancy of the single-point mooring system buoy, which can effectively alleviate the tidal fluctuations. The impact of the anchor chain is affected, and the upper buoy and the lower buoy increase the reliability of the single-point mooring system. Even if the lower buoy fails, the single-point mooring system float will not be sunk as a whole.

Preferably, the upper pontoon and the lower pontoon have an elliptical shape with a narrow cross section at the middle and a wide end. The lower end of the upper pontoon has a straight tubular riser, and a thrust bearing is arranged between the lower end of the riser and the lower pontoon. The lower end of the pontoon is axially supported on the fixed cylinder by a rotary support mechanism. The upper and lower buoys are relatively freely rotatable relative to the lower buoy. Under the action of the wind, the upper buoy automatically turns to the direction of the least force. Under the action of the ocean current, the lower buoy automatically turns to the direction of the least force. The effects of wind and ocean current on the pontoon of the single-point mooring system are respectively slowed down; the cross-section of the windward and the welcoming waves are very small, which can greatly reduce the influence of wind, waves and current on the pontoon, and improve the ability to resist wind and waves, so as to be able to be in a harsh environment. Survival; the length of the riser is equal to the maximum height difference of the tidal fluctuation of the sea area, and the tidal fluctuation does not change significantly the buoyancy of the buoy of the single-point mooring system, and the load on the anchor chain is relatively constant. At the same time, due to the small cross section of the contact area between the pontoon and the sea surface, the impact force of the sea wave on the pontoon is also weak, further improving the wind wave resistance and stability of the pontoon.

Preferably, the rotating support mechanism comprises a pontoon support disk and a positioning roller, the pontoon support disk is fixed on a fixed cylinder on the lower side of the lower pontoon, the positioning roller is rotatably fixed on the lower side of the lower pontoon, and the upper side of the pontoon support disk is provided with a circular positioning. The groove, the positioning roller rotates in the positioning groove. While the pontoon support disk axially supports the lower pontoon, the positioning roller and the positioning groove radially position the lower pontoon to prevent the lower pontoon from oscillating radially and improve the stability of the lower pontoon rotation.

Preferably, a side of the riser is laterally fixed with a hose support arm, and a vertical support rib is fixed on the riser. The support rib is fixedly supported on the lower side of the hose support arm, and the support rib is a hollow seal. structure. The support ribs also provide a certain amount of buoyancy while supporting the hose support arms.

The upper buoy is axially spaced from the lower buoy. Thus, the upper pontoon and the lower pontoon can also have a straight cylindrical structure, and the buoyancy of the single point mooring system pontoon can also be significantly changed when the tidal water rises and falls.

Preferably, the anchor chain fixing mechanism comprises three or more anchor chain cylinders, the anchor chain cylinder is axially fixed on the inner side of the fixed cylinder, and the upper end of the anchor chain cylinder is located on the top of the fixed cylinder. The anchor chain penetrates into the fixed cylinder from the lower end of the anchor chain cylinder, and the upper end of the anchor chain is fixed on the top of the fixed cylinder and is located above the sea surface, so that it can be easily adjusted and repaired.

Preferably, the upper end of the fixed cylinder is provided with a rotatable horizontal lower deck, the lower deck is fixedly connected with the upper buoy, and the lower deck is fixed with a winch and a chain stopper. The lower deck can provide a large installation space, and the winch and the chain stop can facilitate the installation and tightness adjustment of the anchor chain, and the operation is convenient.

Preferably, the upper side of the lower deck is fixed with a horizontal upper deck through the uprights. The upper deck allows the installation of the lower deck to avoid rain and provides a safe and reliable working space.

Preferably, a horizontal rotating balance arm is fixed on the upper end surface of the upper buoy, and a sliding adjustable weight is arranged on the rotating balance arm. By adjusting the position of the weight on the rotating balance arm, the balance is adjusted, the structure is simple, and the operation is convenient.

Preferably, the rotating balance arm is horizontally disposed on the upper pontoon, and a rotation adjusting and fixing mechanism is disposed between the upper pontoon and the rotating balance arm. By rotating the balance arm horizontally, the balance can be further flexibly adjusted, the larger range can be adjusted, and the structure is simple.

Preferably, the upper buoy and the lower buoy are hollow inside and filled with a waterproof material, and the density of the waterproof material is less than the density of water. Reduce weight, increase buoyancy, and reduce the impact of wind and waves on the buoy of a single point mooring system.

 Compared with the prior art, the above-mentioned technical solutions of the single-point mooring system pontoon have the following beneficial effects:

 1 The upper buoy is large and small, and the lower buoy is large and small, so that the single-point mooring system buoy forms a large intermediate structure at both ends, and the fixed cylinder is fixed on the seabed through the anchor chain, and the sea surface is located on the floating buoy and Between the lower buoys, the tidal fluctuations have little change in the buoyancy of the single-point mooring system buoy, which can effectively alleviate the influence of tidal fluctuations on the anchor chain.

 2 The upper and lower pontoons are freely rotatable relative to the fixed cylinder. Under the action of the wind, the upper pontoon automatically turns to the direction of the least force. Under the action of the ocean current, the lower pontoon automatically turns to the direction of the least force. , respectively, to reduce the impact of wind and ocean current on the buoy of the single-point mooring system; the cross-section of the wind and the wave is very small, which can greatly reduce the impact of wind, waves and current on the buoy, improve the ability to resist wind and waves, and thus be able to Survival in the environment; and the buoy and the lower buoy increase the reliability of the single-point mooring system, even if the lower buoy fails, it will not cause the single-point mooring system to sink.

 3 The lower end of the upper buoy has a straight tube-shaped riser. The length of the riser is equal to the maximum height difference of the tidal fluctuation in the sea area. The tidal fluctuation does not significantly change the buoyancy of the single-point mooring system buoy, further improving stability. .

 4 The anchor chain is inserted into the fixed cylinder from the lower end of the anchor chain cylinder, and the upper end of the anchor chain is fixed on the top of the fixed cylinder and is located above the sea surface, so that it can be easily adjusted and repaired.

 5 Flexible adjustment of balance, by adjusting the position of the weight on the rotating balance arm, adjusting the balance, rotating the balance arm by horizontal rotation, further flexibly adjust the balance, can adjust a larger range, simple structure and convenient operation.

 DRAWINGS

 Figure 1 is a front elevational view of the single embodiment of the single point mooring system pontoon.

 Figure 2 is a side view of Figure 1.

 Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view at A-A in Figure 2.

 Figure 4 is a partial enlarged view of B in Figure 2.

 Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of the embodiment 2 of the single point mooring system pontoon.

 Figure 6 is a side view of Figure 5.

 Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view taken at C-C in Figure 6.

 Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of the single-point mooring system pontoon embodiment 3.

 Where: 1 , upper deck 2 , lower deck 3 , mooring extension arm 4 , upper float 401 , riser 5 , hose support arm 6 Support rib 7 , lower pontoon 8 , fixed cylinder 9 , anchor chain 10 , counterweight 11 , rotating balance arm 12 , column 13 , winch 14 , bearing 15 , chain stop 16 , rotary joint 17, pontoon support plate 18, positioning groove 19, positioning roller.

 detailed description

 The invention will now be further described with reference to Figures 1-8, which is a preferred embodiment of the single point mooring system pontoon.

 Example 1

 Referring to Figures 1 to 2, the single-point mooring system pontoon includes a fixed cylinder 8 and a fixed cylinder 8 which is vertically disposed and fixed to the cylinder 8 There are three evenly spaced anchor barrels 9 on the inner side, the upper end of the anchor barrel 9 is located at the top of the fixed cylinder 8, the upper end of the fixed cylinder 8 is provided with a rotatable horizontal lower deck 2, and the lower deck 2 is fixed with a winch 13 and the chain stopper 15 , the lower deck 2 can provide a larger installation space, the chain (not shown) is passed from the lower end of the chain barrel 9 to the lower deck 2, and passes through the winch 13 and the chain stopper 15 Adjusting and fixing, through the winch 13 and the chain stopper 15 located above the sea surface, the installation and tightness adjustment of the anchor chain can be facilitated, and the operation is convenient, and the lower end of the anchor chain is fixed with the seabed, thereby fixing the cylinder 8 Anchored in a fixed sea area. The lower deck 2 is fixed on the upper side by a column 12 with a horizontal upper deck 1 . Through the upper deck 1 can make the lower deck 2 The upper mounted mechanism avoids rain and provides a safe and reliable working space. The upper deck 1 has a rotary joint 16 fixed in the middle, and the rotary joint 16 and the upper deck 1 are provided with bearings 14 and 14 It is a tapered roller bearing.

 The upper freely rotatable sleeve of the fixed cylinder 8 has an upper buoy 4, and the lower portion of the fixed cylinder 8 is freely rotatable with a lower buoy 7 The upper pontoon 4 has a longitudinal section of a fan shape of a large upper and a lower section, and the vertical pontoon 7 has a longitudinal section of a large upper and a lower fan shape, and the upper pontoon 4 is large and small, and the lower pontoon 7 The upper and the lower are small, so that the single-point mooring system pontoon forms a large intermediate structure at both ends, and the fixed cylinder 8 is fixed on the seabed through the anchor chain, and the sea surface is located on the upper buoy 4 and the lower buoy 7 Between the tidal fluctuations, the buoyancy variation of the buoy of the single-point mooring system is small, which can effectively alleviate the influence of tidal fluctuation on the force of the anchor chain. Lower deck 2 fixed connection to upper buoy 4, lower deck 2 with upper buoy 4 Rotating, the mooring extension arm 3 is fixed on the upper side of the upper buoy 4, and the oil tanker or FPSO is fixedly connected to the mooring extension arm 3. Preferably, the upper buoy 4 and the lower buoy 7 The interior is hollow and filled with waterproof material. The density of the waterproof material is less than the density of water, which can effectively reduce the weight of the single point mooring system buoy, improve buoyancy, and reduce the impact of wind and waves on the buoy of the single point mooring system. The waterproof material can be used. Plastic foam.

 A horizontal rotating balance arm 11 is fixed on the upper end surface of the upper buoy 4, and a sliding adjustable weight is arranged on the rotating balance arm 11 By adjusting the position of the weight 10 on the balance arm 11, adjusting the balance of the single point mooring system buoy, the structure is simple and the operation is convenient. Further, the rotation balance arm 11 is horizontally arranged on the floating buoy 4, the upper buoy 4 is provided with a circular T-shaped groove on the upper side, and the T-shaped bolt is clamped in the T-shaped groove and fixedly connected with the rotating balance arm 11 by a nut, and the balance arm 11 is rotated. After rotating to a suitable angle, the balance arm 11 is fixed by the T-bolt and the T-shaped groove, and the balance of the single-point mooring system pontoon is further flexibly adjusted, the larger range can be adjusted, and the structure is simple.

 Referring to Fig. 3, the upper buoy 4 and the lower buoy 7 are both elliptical in cross section, and the upper buoy 4 and the lower buoy 7 are oppositely fixed to the cylinder 8 Both can rotate freely. Under the action of the wind, the upper buoy 4 automatically turns to the direction of the least force, and under the action of the ocean current, the lower buoy 7 Automatically shift to the direction of the least force, respectively, to slow down the influence of wind and ocean current on the buoy of the single-point mooring system; the cross-section of the wind and the wave are very small, which can greatly reduce the impact of wind, waves and current on the buoy. Improve wind and wave resistance so that it can survive in harsh environments; 4 With the lower pontoon 7 The reliability of the single-point mooring system is increased, and even if the lower pontoon 7 fails, the single-point mooring system pontoon will not be completely sunk.

 Referring to Fig. 4, the fixed cylinder 8 is fixed with a pontoon support disk 17 on the lower side of the lower pontoon 7, and the pontoon support plate 17 The upper side is provided with two concentric circular positioning grooves 18, and the lower side of the lower floating tube 7 is fixed with a positioning roller 19, and the positioning roller 19 rotates in the positioning groove 18, and the floating support plate 17 axially supports the lower floating tube 7 At the same time, the positioning roller 19 and the positioning groove 18 radially position the lower pontoon 7 to improve the stability of the rotation of the lower pontoon 7, and a thrust bearing is arranged between the upper pontoon 4 and the lower pontoon 7.

 Example 2

 Referring to Figures 5-7, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the lower end of the upper buoy 4 has a straight cylindrical riser 401. The length of the riser is equal to the maximum height difference of the tidal fluctuation of the sea area, and the tidal fluctuation does not significantly change the buoyancy of the single point mooring system pontoon, further improving the stability. Riser 401 lower end and lower float 7 A thrust bearing is arranged between the side of the riser 401 and a hose support arm 5 is fixed laterally on the side of the riser 401. A vertical support rib 6 is fixed on the riser 401, and the support rib 6 is fixedly supported on the hose support arm 5 On the lower side, the support rib 6 is a hollow sealing structure. The support rib 6 also provides a certain amount of buoyancy while supporting the hose support arm 5. The other structure is the same as in the embodiment 1.

 Example 3

 Referring to Fig. 8, the difference between this embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that the upper buoy 4 and the lower buoy 7 are axially spaced apart. Such a buoy 4 It is also possible to have a straight cylindrical structure with the lower pontoon 7, and the buoyancy of the single point mooring system pontoon can also be significantly changed when the tidal water rises and falls. The other structure is the same as in the embodiment 1.

 In the present invention, the cross section of the upper buoy 4 and the lower buoy 7 may also be a diamond having a narrow width at both ends.

The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any person skilled in the art may use the above-disclosed technical contents to change or modify the equivalent equivalent. Example. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments in accordance with the technical spirit of the present invention are still within the scope of protection of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A single point mooring system pontoon, comprising: a fixed cylinder (8), an upper pontoon (4), a lower pontoon (7) and a mooring mechanism, the fixed cylinder (8) being vertically disposed and fixed The upper end of the cylinder (8) is provided with a rotary joint (16), the upper float (4) is freely rotatable on the upper part of the fixed cylinder (8), and the lower float (7) is freely rotatable in the lower part of the fixed cylinder (8) The bottom of the fixed cylinder (8) is provided with an anchor chain fixing mechanism, the longitudinal section of the upper buoy (4) is a fan shape of a large upper and a lower, and the longitudinal section of the lower buoy (7) is a fan shape with a large upper and a lower, and the mooring mechanism is fixed at Upper side of the upper buoy (4).
2. The single point mooring system pontoon according to claim 1, wherein the upper pontoon (4) and the lower pontoon (7) are both elliptical in shape with a narrow cross section at both ends of the middle and the outer pontoon (7). The lower end has a straight cylindrical riser (401), a thrust bearing is disposed between the lower end of the riser (401) and the lower float (7), and the lower end of the lower float (7) is axially supported by the fixed cylinder through the rotary support mechanism ( 8) On.
3. The single point mooring system pontoon according to claim 2, wherein the rotating support mechanism comprises a pontoon support disk (17) and a positioning roller (19), and the pontoon support disk (17) is fixed under the lower pontoon (7) On the side fixed cylinder (8), the positioning roller (19) is rotatably fixed to the lower side of the lower pontoon (7), and the upper side of the pontoon support disk (17) is provided with a circular positioning groove (18), and the positioning roller (19) is Rotate inside the positioning groove (18).
4. The single point mooring system pontoon according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper pontoon (4) is axially spaced from the lower pontoon (7).
5. The single point mooring system pontoon according to claim 1, wherein the anchor chain fixing mechanism comprises three or more anchor chain barrels (9), and the anchor chain barrel (9) is axially fixed at a fixed position. Inside the cylinder (8), the upper end of the anchor barrel (9) is located at the top of the fixed cylinder (8).
6. A single point mooring system pontoon according to claim 5, characterized in that the upper end of the fixed cylinder (8) is provided with a rotatable horizontal lower deck (2), a lower deck (2) and an upper pontoon ( 4) Fixed connection, with winch (13) and chain stopper (15) fixed on the lower deck (2).
7. The single point mooring system pontoon according to claim 6, characterized in that the upper side of the lower deck (2) is fixed with a horizontal upper deck (1) via a column (12).
8. The single point mooring system pontoon according to claim 1, characterized in that: a horizontal rotating balance arm (11) is fixed on the upper end surface of the upper pontoon (4), and a sliding is arranged on the rotating balance arm (11). Adjustable weight (10).
9. The single point mooring system pontoon according to claim 7, wherein the rotating balance arm (11) is horizontally disposed on the upper pontoon (4), and the upper pontoon (4) and the rotating balance arm (11) There is a rotation adjustment fixing mechanism between them.
10. The single point mooring system pontoon according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper buoy (4) and the lower pontoon (7) are hollow inside and filled with a waterproof material, and the density of the waterproof material is less than the density of water.