Modern ship mooring positioning device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ship mooring, in particular to a modern ship mooring and positioning device.
Background
The mooring of the ship refers to the operation process of mooring and positioning the modern ship through mooring equipment, the modern ship mostly leans on a wharf or a buoy through equipment such as bollards, fairleads, cable stranding machines, cables and the like, wherein large-scale oil tankers and other ocean engineering ships are moored on the buoy in a single-point form, the ship can rotate 360 degrees around the structure along with storm currents, due to the weathervane effect, the moored ship can be moored in the position with the minimum environmental force, and the fast loading and unloading of oil and gas are realized through a fluid transfer system, a rotary table or a rotary tower system, a main bearing, a flexible riser and other auxiliary devices arranged on the buoy in a deepwater area, the efficiency of oil and gas loading and unloading is improved, meanwhile, the complex process that the large-scale oil tanker parks in a port is also avoided, and the fast oil and gas loading and unloading can be carried out at the position which cannot be established.
With the continuous use of single point mooring in vessel mooring, the following problems were found in practical operation:
1. the existing single-point mooring buoy is mostly arranged in a sea area with less water depth, the seabed condition is more complex, the existing anchor chain has a simple structure, and the buoy cannot be positioned and fixed more stably under the complex seabed environment, so that the fixing effect of the ship is poor;
2. although being provided with the sealed rotary joint device that can 360 rotatory on the current flotation pontoon, the oil gas pipeline on the oil ship of being convenient for connects to and when boats and ships revolve around the flotation pontoon, guarantee the compactness of connecting, but because the length of soft oil gas pipeline is longer, weight is heavier, at pipeline and sealed rotary joint direction of connection, the flotation pontoon easily inclines, leads to the device overall stability not enough.
Therefore, a modern ship mooring and positioning device is needed to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a modern ship mooring and positioning device, and aims to solve the problems that an anchor chain provided by the background technology is simple in structure, cannot stably position and fix a buoy in a complex seabed environment, and is insufficient in overall stability.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a modern ship mooring positioning device comprises a buoy body, an anchor chain, a balancing weight, a limiting roller and a mounting plate, wherein the lower end face of the buoy body is fixedly provided with the anchor chain, the tail end of the anchor chain is fixedly provided with the balancing weight, the bottom of the anchor chain is fixedly provided with a fixed cylinder, the side of the fixed cylinder is fixedly provided with a side column, a functional spine is fixedly arranged on the side column, the outer side of the buoy body is fixedly provided with a fixed ring, the top of the fixed ring is fixedly provided with a roller column, the top end of the roller column is attached to a track groove, the track groove is arranged on a movable ring, the movable ring is mounted outside the buoy body, the outer side of the movable ring is provided with a first connecting plate, the top of the first connecting plate is fixedly provided with a buffer spring, the buffer spring is fixedly connected with the outer side of a buoy, the first connecting plate is mutually connected with a second connecting plate, the bottom end of the second connecting plate is mounted outside the buoy, the functional plate is mounted on the buoy, and all install spacing cylinder on function board and the flotation tank to the function board inboard is fixed with the horizontal plate, the function board bottom end is fixed with supporting spring, and supporting spring fixes in the flotation tank to function board and transmission gear interconnect, transmission gear install in the flotation tank simultaneously, transmission gear and trigger plate interconnect, and trigger the board and install on the flotation tank to trigger the inboard assembly pulley of installing of board, assembly pulley top and the laminating in the steadying plate outside, and steadying plate fix on the bottom shaft to the bottom shaft is installed at the mounting panel inboard, and the mounting panel is fixed at the flotation tank top simultaneously.
Preferably, the anchor chain is welded connection with the fixed cylinder, and the anchor chain is integrated with the balancing weight of solid concrete material, and the fixed cylinder outside symmetric welding has the side prop of keeping away from the slope of balancing weight direction, and equidistant intensive welding in side prop bottom has the function thorn that the slope set up simultaneously.
Preferably, the roller columns are distributed with 16 equal angles about the center of the buoy body, the rollers made of high-speed steel materials and arranged at the tops of the roller columns are tightly attached to the inner wall of the track groove, and the track groove is annular in upward view shape.
Preferably, the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate form a herringbone structure, the first connecting plate and the movable ring form a rotating mechanism through a cylindrical shaft mounted at the bottom end of the first connecting plate, the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate form a rotating mechanism through a cylindrical shaft mounted at the middle of the first connecting plate, and the second connecting plate and the buoyancy tank form a rotating mechanism through a cylindrical shaft mounted at the bottom end of the second connecting plate.
Preferably, the function board and the trigger board all run through the buoyancy tank top, and the window that function board and trigger board all seted up with the buoyancy tank top is sliding connection, and function board and trigger board all are connected for the meshing with the transmission gear.
Preferably, the pulley block and the stabilizing plate are symmetrically distributed about the center of the mounting plate, the top end of the inner side of the pulley block is located on an arc line, and the arc-shaped stabilizing plate made of high-speed steel and the mounting plate form a rotating mechanism through the bottom shaft.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the modern ship mooring and positioning device adopts a novel structural design, so that the bottom end of an anchor chain in the device can adapt to a complex seabed environment, the fixing effect of the anchor chain on an upper structure is ensured, and meanwhile, a structure capable of positioning an oil-gas pipeline is designed, so that the overall stability of the device is improved;
1. the structure formed by the counterweight block, the fixed cylinder, the side column and the functional spine ensures that the bottom of the anchor chain can adapt to a complex seabed environment, ensures that the anchor chain cannot be easily dragged to move, and ensures the anchoring effect on the buoy body;
2. the structure consisting of the fixed ring, the roller column, the track groove, the movable ring, the first connecting plate, the buffer spring and the second connecting plate ensures that the floating box can rotate 360 degrees around the floating box body, and plays a role in buffering between the floating box body and the floating box, so that the floating box body and the floating box are prevented from colliding;
3. buoyancy tank, function board, spacing cylinder, horizontal plate, transmission gear, trigger plate, assembly pulley and steadying plate can utilize the gravity of oil gas pipeline self at the during operation, carry on spacingly to the oil gas pipeline, make the oil gas pipeline can form a whole with the buoyancy tank, strengthen the support to the oil gas pipeline, reach the effect of avoiding the slope of flotation pontoon body, strengthened the holistic stability of device.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of a side pillar according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the side pillar of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a front cross-sectional structure of a track groove according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic bottom view of the track groove of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic top view of a first connecting plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the front cross-sectional structure of the buoyancy tank of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic side view of a functional board according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic side view of a trigger plate according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a float body; 2. an anchor chain; 3. a balancing weight; 4. a fixed cylinder; 5. a side post; 6. functional thorns; 7. a fixing ring; 8. a roller column; 9. a track groove; 10. a movable ring; 11. a first connecting plate; 12. a buffer spring; 13. a buoyancy tank; 14. a second connecting plate; 15. a function board; 16. a limiting roller; 17. a horizontal plate; 18. a support spring; 19. a transfer gear; 20. a trigger plate; 21. a pulley block; 22. a stabilizing plate; 23. a bottom shaft; 24. and (7) mounting the plate.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-9, the present invention provides a technical solution: a modern ship mooring positioning device comprises a buoy body 1, an anchor chain 2, a balancing weight 3, a fixed cylinder 4, a side column 5, a functional spine 6, a fixed ring 7, a roller column 8, a track groove 9, a movable ring 10, a first connecting plate 11, a buffer spring 12, a buoyancy tank 13, a second connecting plate 14, a functional plate 15, a limiting roller 16, a horizontal plate 17, a supporting spring 18, a transmission gear 19, a trigger plate 20, a pulley block 21, a stabilizing plate 22, a bottom shaft 23 and a mounting plate 24, wherein the lower end face of the buoy body 1 is fixedly provided with the anchor chain 2, the tail end of the anchor chain 2 is fixedly provided with the balancing weight 3, the bottom of the anchor chain 2 is fixedly provided with the fixed cylinder 4, the side of the fixed cylinder 4 is fixedly provided with the side column 5, the side column 5 is fixedly provided with the functional spine 6, the outer side of the buoy body 1 is fixedly provided with the fixed ring 7, the top of the fixed ring 7 is fixedly provided with the roller column 8, and the top of the roller column 8 is attached to the track groove 9, the track groove 9 is arranged on the movable ring 10, the movable ring 10 is arranged outside the buoy body 1, a first connecting plate 11 is arranged outside the movable ring 10, a buffer spring 12 is fixed at the top of the first connecting plate 11, the buffer spring 12 is fixed outside the floating box 13, the first connecting plate 11 is connected with a second connecting plate 14, the bottom end of the second connecting plate 14 is arranged outside the floating box 13, a function plate 15 is arranged on the floating box 13, a limiting roller 16 is arranged on each of the function plate 15 and the floating box 13, a horizontal plate 17 is fixed inside the function plate 15, a supporting spring 18 is fixed at the bottom end of the function plate 15, the supporting spring 18 is fixed inside the floating box 13, the function plate 15 is connected with a transmission gear 19, the transmission gear 19 is arranged inside the floating box 13, the transmission gear 19 is connected with a trigger plate 20, the trigger plate 20 is arranged on the floating box 13, and a pulley block 21 is arranged inside the trigger plate 20, the top of the pulley block 21 is attached to the outer side of the stabilizing plate 22, the stabilizing plate 22 is fixed on the bottom shaft 23, the bottom shaft 23 is installed on the inner side of the installing plate 24, and the installing plate 24 is fixed on the top of the floating box 13.
In the embodiment, the anchor chain 2 is welded with the fixed cylinder 4, the anchor chain 2 and the solid concrete counterweight 3 are of an integrated structure, the outer side of the fixed cylinder 4 is symmetrically welded with the side columns 5 inclined towards the direction far away from the counterweight 3, meanwhile, the bottoms of the side columns 5 are equidistantly and densely welded with the obliquely arranged functional spines 6, and the counterweight 3, the fixed cylinder 4, the side columns 5 and the functional spines 6 form a structure, so that the bottom end of the anchor chain 2 can be tightly connected with seabed reef and the like, and the fixing effect of the anchor chain 2 on the buoy body 1 is ensured;
16 roller columns 8 are distributed at equal angles relative to the center of the buoy body 1, the rollers made of high-speed steel materials and arranged at the tops of the roller columns 8 are tightly attached to the inner wall of the track groove 9, and the track groove 9 is annular in upward view;
the structure formed by the first connecting plate 11 and the second connecting plate 14 can buffer the buoyancy tank 13 and the buoyancy tank body 1, prevent the buoyancy tank 13 from impacting the buoyancy tank body 1 along with wave motion, and simultaneously ensure that the buoyancy tank 13 can perform synchronous rotary motion with the movable ring 10;
the functional board 15 and the trigger board 20 both penetrate through the top of the buoyancy tank 13, the functional board 15 and the trigger board 20 are in sliding connection with a window formed in the top of the buoyancy tank 13, and the functional board 15 and the trigger board 20 are in meshing connection with the transmission gear 19, the functional board 15 and the trigger board 20 can stably slide relative to the buoyancy tank 13 due to the structural design, and the transmission gear 19 enables the functional board 15 to stably drive the trigger board 20 to move by utilizing the meshing connection relationship when the functional board 15 moves;
assembly pulley 21 and stabilizer plate 22 all distribute about 24 central symmetry of mounting panel, and the inboard top of assembly pulley 21 is in an arc, and curved high-speed steel's stabilizer plate 22 passes through bottom shaft 23 and constitutes slewing mechanism with mounting panel 24, high-speed steel's stabilizer plate 22 structural strength is high, non-deformable, can stabilize the use for a long time, and the arc structure is convenient for fix a position the oil gas pipeline, and the assembly pulley 21 that the symmetry set up, can be when trigger plate 20 moves, carry out smooth extrusion promotion to stabilizer plate 22, make 2 stabilizer plate 22 can use bottom shaft 23 as the rotatory closure of axle, fix a position the oil gas pipeline.
The working principle is as follows: when the device is used, firstly, the device is integrally thrown to the selected sea by single-point mooring, the anchor chain 2 droops by the gravity of the anchor chain, the balancing weight 3 and the fixed cylinder 4 sink to the sea bottom and are contacted with sea bottom rocks and gullies, if the buoy body 1 displaces due to wind and wave, the anchor chain 2 is pulled, the fixed cylinder 4 and the side column 5 are dragged by the anchor chain 2 to move towards the movement direction of the buoy body 1, the functional spine 6 obliquely arranged at the bottom end of the side column 5 can prevent the anchor chain 2 from moving and is inserted into gaps and gullies of the sea bottom rocks, so that the displacement of the buoy body 1 is prevented, and the buoy body 1 and the upper structure thereof can be kept stable and are positioned at a relatively fixed position;
when a large oil tanker needs mooring and oil-gas loading and unloading, an oil-gas pipeline on the large oil tanker is firstly arranged between 2 stabilizing plates 22 in fig. 9, then the pipeline is arranged on a limiting roller 16 at the top of a function plate 15 in fig. 7, then the pipeline passes through the bottom end of the limiting roller 16 fixed on a floating box 13, the tail end of the pipeline is connected with a sealed rotary joint on a floating barrel body 1, and enters a submarine pipeline through an underwater hose arranged on the floating barrel body 1 and is output to a crude oil storage tank on the shore, and the structures of the floating barrel body 1, the sealed rotary joint on the floating barrel body 1, the underwater hose and the like are the same as those of the existing single-point mooring floating barrels, so that the existing single-point mooring floating barrel is mature in the prior art and well known by technicians in the field, and detailed description is not provided herein;
when the oil-gas pipeline is arranged on the limiting roller 16 at the top of the function board 15 in fig. 7, the limiting roller 16 is pressed downwards by the gravity of the oil-gas pipeline to drive the function board 15 to move downwards and compress the supporting spring 18, the function board 15 drives the trigger board 20 to slide upwards through the transmission gear 19 in the downward moving process, the trigger board 20 in fig. 9 drives the pulley block 21 to stably move upwards in the upward moving process, the pulley block 21 extrudes and pushes the outer side of the stabilizing board 22 in the upward moving process, 2 stabilizing boards 22 simultaneously rotate and close in the axial direction by taking the bottom shaft 23 as the axial direction, and the pipeline is wrapped and positioned, so that the buoyancy generated by the steel hollow buoyancy tank 13 plays a certain supporting role on the pipeline and the weight of the pipeline is prevented from dragging the buoy body 1 to incline;
and when the wind and waves are large, the floating box 13 in fig. 7 floats far away from the buoy body 1, the first connecting plate 11 and the second connecting plate 14 rotate relatively, the included angle between the first connecting plate 11 and the second connecting plate 14 is increased, the vortex springs coaxially mounted outside the cylindrical shafts at two sides of the joint of the first connecting plate 11 and the second connecting plate 14 in fig. 6 are extruded and wound, the elastic force of the vortex springs prevents the first connecting plate 11 and the second connecting plate 14 from rotating continuously, the top of the first connecting plate 11 in fig. 1 also stretches the buffer spring 12 downwards in the rotating process, the elastic force of the buffer spring 12 also prevents the first connecting plate 11 from rotating, and the floating box 13 is prevented from being too far away from the buoy body 1, similarly, when the floating box 13 floats close to the buoy body 1, the included angle between the first connecting plate 11 and the second connecting plate 14 is reduced, and the vortex springs coaxially mounted outside the cylindrical shafts at two sides of the joint of the first connecting plate 11 and the second connecting plate 14 are also extruded, the top of the first connecting plate 11 will stretch the buffer spring 12 downwards, and the 2 springs prevent the buoyancy tank 13 from continuing to approach the buoyancy tank body 1, so as to stabilize the buoyancy tank 13;
and under the wave effect, the oil gas pipeline is rotatory along with boats and ships, the oil gas pipeline drives flotation tank 13 through closed stabilizer plate 22, flotation tank 13 drives loose ring 10 through first connecting plate 11 and second connecting plate 14, loose ring 10 can 360 rotations under the effect of gyro wheel post 8 and orbit groove 9, the structure of installation can synchronous revolution on making loose ring 10 and flotation tank 13, guaranteed flotation tank 13 and last installation bearing structure to the continuous support of pipeline, the holistic stability of device has been promoted.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.