WO2016002805A1 - Système de génération d'énergie et circuit de génération d'énergie - Google Patents

Système de génération d'énergie et circuit de génération d'énergie Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016002805A1
WO2016002805A1 PCT/JP2015/068886 JP2015068886W WO2016002805A1 WO 2016002805 A1 WO2016002805 A1 WO 2016002805A1 JP 2015068886 W JP2015068886 W JP 2015068886W WO 2016002805 A1 WO2016002805 A1 WO 2016002805A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
power generation
temperature
conductor
power
sub
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PCT/JP2015/068886
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
暁 山中
啓 中島
允護 金
孝 小川
周永 金
敬典 加藤
田中　裕久
中山　忠親
雅敏 武田
山田　昇
新原　晧一
Original Assignee
ダイハツ工業株式会社
国立大学法人長岡技術科学大学
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Priority claimed from JP2014200334A external-priority patent/JP6355504B2/ja
Priority claimed from JP2014221496A external-priority patent/JP6368619B2/ja
Priority claimed from JP2014265524A external-priority patent/JP6422337B2/ja
Application filed by ダイハツ工業株式会社, 国立大学法人長岡技術科学大学 filed Critical ダイハツ工業株式会社
Publication of WO2016002805A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016002805A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N11/00—Generators or motors not provided for elsewhere; Alleged perpetua mobilia obtained by electric or magnetic means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a power generation system and a power generation circuit, and more particularly to a power generation system and a power generation circuit mounted on a vehicle such as an automobile.
  • the obtained power is stored in the battery from the first device via the second device, and can be consumed as necessary.
  • the first problem is that it is required to extract power from the first device more efficiently.
  • the second problem is that a voltage application device is used for power generation by the first device (such as a dielectric), so that there is a problem that it is necessary to input power from the outside of the circuit.
  • a first object of the present invention is to provide a power generation system that can extract power from the first device with excellent efficiency.
  • a second object of the present invention is to provide a power generation circuit and a power generation system that do not require external power input and can efficiently extract power from the power generation element.
  • the first invention is [1] A heat source whose temperature rises and falls over time, a first device whose temperature rises and falls over time due to a temperature change of the heat source, and a circuit configured to extract electric power from the first device Detected by the second device to be formed, detection means for detecting the temperature of the first device, voltage application means configured to apply a positive voltage or negative voltage to the first device, and the detection means Control means for controlling the voltage application means according to the temperature of the first device, and the control means applies a positive voltage to the first device when the first device is in a temperature rising state. And the voltage application means is controlled to apply a negative voltage to the first device when the first device is in a temperature-decreasing state.
  • the second invention Connecting a power generation unit including a power generation element that is electrically polarized as the temperature increases and decreases over time, a power reception unit to which power extracted from the power generation element is supplied, and the power generation unit and the power reception unit.
  • a first power storage unit comprising a pair of main wires configured as described above, a first sub-conductor connected so as to bridge between the pair of main wires, and a coil interposed in the first sub-conductor;
  • a second power storage unit provided in parallel with the first power storage unit, the second sub-conductor being connected so as to bridge between the pair of main wires, and a capacitor interposed in the second sub-conductor;
  • a main line switch for controlling a current flow in the main line, provided in the main line, and for controlling a current flow in the first sub conductor, provided in the first sub conductor.
  • the sub-conductor switch, provided in the second sub-conductor characterized in that it comprises a second auxiliary conductor switch for flow control of the current in the second sub-conductor, a power generation circuit.
  • the second invention [3] The power generation circuit according to [2] above, a heat source that raises and lowers the temperature of the power generation element over time, temperature detection means that detects the temperature of the power generation element, and a voltage that detects the voltage of the power generation element And a control means for controlling the main line switch, the first sub-conductor switch, and the second sub-conductor switch based on detection by the temperature detector and the voltage detector. It is a power generation system.
  • the control means includes: (1) At the start of temperature decrease of the power generation element, a current derived from a positive voltage in the power generation element flows along a first direction of the main line and a first direction of the first sub conductor, and the coil Controlling the main line switch, the first sub-conductor switch and the second sub-conductor switch so that energy is stored in the (2) Next, a negative voltage is generated in the power generation element during a temperature drop of the power generation element, and when the voltage value reaches a predetermined value, a current derived from energy stored in the coil is The main line switch, the first sub-conductor switch, and the second sub-conductor flow so as to flow along the first direction of the sub-conductor and the first direction of the second sub-conductor, and to store energy in the capacitor.
  • a current derived from a negative voltage generated in the power generation element is in a second direction that is opposite to the first direction of the main line, and the second sub conductor.
  • the main line switch, the first sub-conductor switch, and the second sub-conductor switch so that energy is stored in the capacitor.
  • a current derived from the energy accumulated in the capacitor is in a second direction that is opposite to the first direction of the first sub conductor, and the second The main line switch, the first sub conductor switch, and the second sub conductor switch are controlled so as to flow along a second direction that is opposite to the first direction of the sub conductor and to store energy in the coil.
  • a current derived from the energy accumulated in the coil flows along the second direction of the main line and the second direction of the first sub conductor.
  • a power generation element that is electrically polarized as the temperature is increased or decreased over time, a power receiving device to which power extracted from the power generation element is supplied, and a first capacitor for applying a voltage to the power generation element,
  • a second capacitor for applying a voltage to the power generation element In addition to the first capacitor, a second capacitor for applying a voltage to the power generation element, a power line connecting the power generation element, the power receiving device, the first capacitor, and the second capacitor, and the conductor A switch that opens and closes, and the conductive wire is connected to the power generation element and the first capacitor, the power receiving device and the second capacitor are not connected to the first circuit, and the power generation element and the second capacitor are connected.
  • a second circuit to which the power receiving device and the first capacitor are not connected, the power generation element, the power receiving device, and the first circuit A third circuit in which a capacitor is connected and the second capacitor is not connected; and a fourth circuit in which the power generation element, the power receiving device and the second capacitor are connected and the first capacitor is not connected, and the switch
  • the first circuit and the fourth circuit are closed, the second circuit and the third circuit are opened, and the second circuit and the third circuit are closed.
  • the power generation circuit is capable of switching between a first state and a second state in which the fourth circuit is opened.
  • the third invention [6] Based on the power generation circuit according to the above [5], a heat source that raises and lowers the temperature of the power generation element over time, temperature detection means that detects the temperature of the power generation element, and detection by the temperature detection means And a control means for controlling the switch.
  • the voltage application means when the voltage application means is controlled by the control means, and the first device is in the temperature rising state, a positive voltage is applied to the first device, and the first device is in the temperature falling state. Sometimes a negative voltage is applied to the first device.
  • the power extraction efficiency is higher. Improvements can be made.
  • the first problem can be solved by the first invention.
  • the power generation circuit and the power generation system of the second aspect of the invention it is possible to apply a voltage to the power generation element by using energy generated in the power generation unit, thus eliminating the need for external power input and efficiently from the power generation element. Electric power can be taken out.
  • voltage can be applied to the power generation element using energy generated in the power generation unit. Electric power can be taken out.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the power generation system of the first invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a graph showing an example of the relationship between the temperature change of the first device and the timing of voltage application (a form in which power is extracted once).
  • FIG. 3 is a graph showing an example of the relationship between the temperature change of the first device and the timing of voltage application (a form in which power is extracted a plurality of times).
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment in which the power generation system of the first invention is mounted on a vehicle.
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a main part of the power generation system shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the power generation circuit of the second invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a power generation system in which the power generation circuit shown in FIG. 6 is employed.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating a first control state in the power generation circuit illustrated in FIG. 6.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating a second control state in the power generation circuit illustrated in FIG. 6.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing a third control state in the power generation circuit shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating a fourth control state in the power generation circuit illustrated in FIG. 6.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram illustrating a fifth control state in the power generation circuit illustrated in FIG. 6.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram illustrating a sixth control state in the power generation circuit illustrated in FIG. 6.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the power generation circuit of the third invention.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a power generation system in which the power generation circuit shown in FIG. 14 is employed.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram showing a state during heating of the element in the power generation circuit shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram showing a cooling start state of the element in the power generation circuit shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which the element is being cooled in the power generation circuit shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram showing a heating start state of the element in the power generation circuit shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the power generation circuit of the third invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the power generation system of the first invention.
  • a power generation system 1 includes a heat source 2 whose temperature rises and falls over time, a first device 3 whose temperature rises and falls over time due to a temperature change of the heat source 2, and electric power from the first device 3.
  • a second device 4 forming a circuit configured to be taken out; a temperature sensor 8 as a detecting means for detecting the temperature of the first device 3; and a voltage application configured to apply a voltage to the first device 3.
  • the voltage application device 9 as means, the voltage sensor 35 for detecting the voltage of the first device 3, and the operation and stop of the voltage application device 9 are controlled, and the operation of the first switch 23 (described later) is controlled.
  • a control unit 10 as control means.
  • the heat source 2 is not particularly limited as long as the temperature rises and falls over time, and examples thereof include various energy utilization devices such as an internal combustion engine and a light emitting device.
  • An internal combustion engine is a device that outputs power, for example, for a vehicle.
  • a single cylinder type or a multi-cylinder type is adopted, and a multi-cycle type (for example, a 2-cycle type, a 4-cycle type) is used in each cylinder. System, 6-cycle system, etc.) are employed.
  • pistons are repeatedly moved up and down in each cylinder.
  • an intake process, a compression process, an explosion process, an exhaust process, and the like are sequentially performed, and fuel is discharged. It is burned and power is output.
  • the amount of exhaust gas in the exhaust gas pipe is reduced, so that the internal temperature of the exhaust gas pipe decreases compared to the exhaust process.
  • the temperature of the internal combustion engine rises in the exhaust process and falls in the intake process, the compression process, and the explosion process, that is, rises and falls over time.
  • each of the above steps is periodically and sequentially repeated according to the piston cycle
  • the inside of the exhaust gas pipe of each cylinder in the internal combustion engine is periodically cycled with the repetition cycle of each of the above steps.
  • a temperature change more specifically, a high temperature state and a low temperature state are periodically repeated.
  • the temperature of the light emitting device rises due to the heat energy using light such as infrared rays and visible light as a heat medium. Therefore, the temperature of the light emitting device increases and decreases over time by turning on (emitting) and turning off over time.
  • the light-emitting device is a light-emitting device (blinking (flashing) type light-emitting device) in which lighting is turned on and off intermittently over time
  • the light-emitting device is turned on (light-emitting). Due to the thermal energy of the light, a temperature change periodically, more specifically, a high temperature state and a low temperature state are periodically repeated.
  • the heat source 2 for example, a plurality of heat sources can be provided, and a temperature change can be caused by switching between the plurality of heat sources.
  • two heat sources a low-temperature heat source (such as a coolant) and a high-temperature heat source (eg, a heating material) having a higher temperature than the low-temperature heat source, are prepared as the heat source.
  • a low-temperature heat source such as a coolant
  • a high-temperature heat source eg, a heating material
  • the temperature as the heat source can be increased or decreased over time, and in particular, the temperature can be periodically changed by periodically switching the low temperature heat source and the high temperature heat source.
  • the heat source 2 provided with the several heat source which can be switched For example, the high temperature air provided with the low temperature air supply system for combustion, the thermal storage heat exchanger, the high temperature gas exhaust system, and the supply / exhaust switching valve Combustion furnace (for example, a high-temperature gas generator described in Republished No. 96-5474), for example, a seawater exchange device using a high-temperature heat source, a low-temperature heat source, and a hydrogen storage alloy (hydrogen storage alloy actuator type seawater exchange device), etc. Is mentioned.
  • These heat sources 2 can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
  • the heat source 2 is preferably a heat source whose temperature changes periodically over time.
  • the heat source 2 is preferably an internal combustion engine.
  • the first device 3 is a device that is electrically polarized in accordance with the temperature change of the heat source 2.
  • the electric polarization referred to here is a phenomenon in which a potential difference occurs due to dielectric polarization due to displacement of positive and negative ions due to crystal distortion, such as a piezo effect and / or a phenomenon in which a dielectric constant changes due to a temperature change and a potential difference occurs, It is defined as a phenomenon in which an electromotive force is generated in a material, such as an effect.
  • examples of the first device 3 include a device that is electrically polarized by a piezo effect and a device that is electrically polarized by a pyroelectric effect.
  • the piezo effect is an effect (phenomenon) in which when stress or strain is applied, it is electrically polarized according to the magnitude of the stress or strain.
  • the first device 3 that is electrically polarized by such a piezo effect is not particularly limited, and a known piezo element (piezoelectric element) can be used.
  • the piezo element is, for example, a heat medium whose periphery is fixed by a fixing member and is in contact with the heat source 2 or transmits heat of the heat source 2 (described above). (Exhaust gas, light, etc.).
  • the fixing member is not particularly limited, and for example, a second device 4 (for example, an electrode) described later can be used.
  • the piezo element is heated or cooled (possibly via a heat medium (exhaust gas, light, etc.) as described above) due to a change in temperature of the heat source 2 with time, thereby expanding. Or shrink.
  • a heat medium exhaust gas, light, etc.
  • the piezo element is pressed by the fixing member and is electrically polarized by the piezo effect (piezoelectric effect) or phase transformation near the Curie point. . Thereby, as will be described in detail later, power is extracted from the piezo element via the second device 4.
  • such a piezo element is normally maintained in a heated state or a cooled state, and when its temperature becomes constant (that is, a constant volume), the electric polarization is neutralized, and then cooled or heated, Again, it is electrically polarized.
  • the piezo element is periodically heated and cooled. Electrical polarization and its neutralization are repeated periodically.
  • electric power is extracted as a waveform (for example, alternating current, pulsating flow) that periodically fluctuates by the second device 4 described later.
  • a waveform for example, alternating current, pulsating flow
  • the pyroelectric effect is, for example, an effect (phenomenon) in which the insulator is electrically polarized in accordance with a change in temperature when the insulator (dielectric) is heated and cooled, and includes the first effect and the second effect. It is out.
  • the first effect is an effect in which, when the insulator is heated and cooled, it spontaneously polarizes due to the temperature change and generates a charge on the surface of the insulator.
  • the second effect is an effect that pressure deformation occurs in the crystal structure due to temperature changes during heating and cooling of the insulator, and piezoelectric polarization occurs due to stress or strain applied to the crystal structure (piezo effect, piezoelectric effect). ).
  • the device that is electrically polarized by such a pyroelectric effect is not particularly limited, and a known pyroelectric element can be used.
  • the pyroelectric element When a pyroelectric element is used as the first device 3, the pyroelectric element is in contact with the heat source 2 or in contact with a heat medium (exhaust gas, light, or the like described above) that transmits the heat of the heat source 2 ( To be exposed).
  • a heat medium exhaust gas, light, or the like described above
  • the pyroelectric element is heated or cooled (possibly via a heat medium (exhaust gas, light, etc.) described above) due to a change in temperature of the heat source 2 with time, and the pyroelectric effect (first The electric polarization is caused by the first effect and the second effect.
  • electric power is taken out from the pyroelectric element via the second device 4.
  • Such pyroelectric elements are usually maintained in a heated state or a cooled state, and when the temperature becomes constant, the electric polarization is neutralized, and then cooled or heated again to be electrically polarized again. .
  • the pyroelectric element is periodically heated and cooled.
  • the electrical polarization of the element and its neutralization are repeated periodically.
  • electric power is extracted as a waveform (for example, alternating current, pulsating flow) that periodically fluctuates by the second device 4 described later.
  • a waveform for example, alternating current, pulsating flow
  • These first devices 3 can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
  • the first device 3 is a known pyroelectric element (for example, BaTiO 3 , CaTiO 3 , (CaBi) TiO 3 , BaNd 2 Ti 5 O 14 , BaSm 2 Ti 4.
  • a known pyroelectric element for example, BaTiO 3 , CaTiO 3 , (CaBi) TiO 3 , BaNd 2 Ti 5 O 14 , BaSm 2 Ti 4.
  • lead zirconate titanate Pb (Zr, Ti) O 3
  • known piezo elements eg quartz (SiO 2 ), zinc oxide (ZnO), Rochelle salt (potassium tartrate-sodium) (KNaC 4 H 4 O 6)
  • lead zirconate titanate PZT: Pb (Zr, Ti ) O 3
  • lithium niobate LiNbO 3
  • lithium tantalate LiTaO 3
  • lithium tetraborate Li 2 B 4 O 7
  • Langasite La 3 Ga 5 SiO 14
  • Aluminum Nitride AlN
  • Tourmaline Poly Vinylidene fluoride (PVDF), etc.
  • the Curie point of the first device 3 is, for example, ⁇ 77 ° C. or higher, preferably ⁇ 10 ° C. or higher, for example, 1300 ° C. or lower, preferably 900 ° C. or lower.
  • the relative dielectric constant of the first device 3 is, for example, 1 or more, preferably 100 or more, more preferably 2000 or more.
  • the first device 3 (insulator (dielectric)) is electrically polarized by the temperature change of the heat source 2, and the electrical polarization may be any of electronic polarization, ionic polarization, and orientation polarization.
  • a material for example, a liquid crystal material
  • polarization by orientation polarization it is expected that power generation efficiency can be improved by changing the molecular structure.
  • the second device 4 is provided to extract power from the first device 3.
  • the second device 4 includes a pair (two) of electrodes (for example, a copper electrode, a silver electrode, and the like) 22 that are opposed to each other with the first device 3 interposed therebetween, and an extraction lead wire connected to the electrodes 22 27, and is electrically connected to the first device 3.
  • electrodes for example, a copper electrode, a silver electrode, and the like
  • the lead-out lead 27 of the second device 4 forms an annular electric circuit for taking out electric power from the first device 3 separately from the application lead 28 described later.
  • the first device 3 the pair of (two) electrodes 22 arranged opposite to each other with the first device 3 interposed therebetween, and the electric power taken out from the first device 3 are supplied.
  • a battery 7 as a third device.
  • an application-dedicated portion 32 (described later) of the application lead 28 described later. Is connected. Thereby, a part (part divided by the electrode 22 and the connection point A) of the extraction conducting wire 27 is shared as the application conducting wire 28 (described later).
  • the lead-out lead 27 is used in common with an application lead 28 (described later), and is used to apply a voltage from the voltage application device 9 to the first device 3 as described in detail later.
  • the shared portion 29 is a region from the connection point (two connection points A) between the extraction lead wire 27 and the application lead wire 28 (described later) to the electrode 22 (specifically, the two connection points A, The first device 3 and the pair of electrodes 22 are interposed in the middle part of the region between the electrode 22 on the side close to the connection point A).
  • Such a shared portion 29 is a part of the lead-out lead 27 and also a part of an application lead 28 (described later). Therefore, the common part 29 is used for taking out electric power as the second device 4, and the voltage application device 9. It is also used to apply a voltage (described later).
  • the extraction dedicated portion 30 is a portion excluding the common portion 29 in the extraction lead wire 27, and the battery 7 is interposed.
  • the extraction-dedicated portion 30 can be provided with a booster, an AC / DC converter (AC-DC converter), etc., if necessary.
  • AC-DC converter AC-DC converter
  • take-out dedicated portion 30 is further provided with a first switch 23 for opening and closing a circuit (take-out lead wire 27) for taking out electric power from the first device 3.
  • the first switch 23 is not particularly limited, and a known switch mechanism can be employed. Moreover, the 1st switch 23 is electrically connected to the control unit 10 mentioned later (refer the broken line of FIG. 1), and the opening / closing is controlled.
  • the temperature sensor 8 is provided close to or in contact with the first device 3 in order to detect the temperature of the first device 3.
  • the temperature sensor 8 directly detects the surface temperature of the first device 3 as the temperature of the first device 3, or detects the ambient temperature around the first device 3, for example, an infrared radiation thermometer, A known temperature sensor such as a thermocouple thermometer is used.
  • the voltage application device 9 is provided directly or close to the first device 3 in order to apply a positive voltage or a negative voltage to the first device 3.
  • Such a voltage application device 9 includes a voltage application power source 31 for applying a positive voltage or a negative voltage to the first device 3, and an application conductor 28 connected to the voltage application power source 31.
  • a positive voltage and a negative voltage can be applied to the 1st device 3, and the operation
  • the power supply device is used.
  • the voltage application power source 31 is electrically connected to the control unit 10 described later (see the broken line in FIG. 1), and its operation (including switching between positive voltage and negative voltage) and stop are controlled.
  • the application conductor 28 shares the common portion 29 with the extraction conductor 27 to form an annular electric circuit different from the extraction conductor 27, and the first electric circuit (annular application conductor 28) includes a first electric circuit 28.
  • the application conductor 28 of the voltage application device 9 includes the common part 29 shared with the extraction lead 27 and the application-dedicated part 32 not shared with the extraction lead 27.
  • the application dedicated portion 32 is a portion of the application conducting wire 28 excluding the common portion 29, and both end portions thereof are respectively intermediate portions on one side of the extraction conducting wire 27 with respect to the first device 3 (one connection point A). , And electrically connected to the middle part on the other side (connection point A on the other side). Further, a voltage application power source 31 is interposed in the middle of the application-dedicated part 32.
  • the voltage application power supply 31 is electrically connected to the electrode 22 of the second device 4, and the electrode 22 is shared as an electrode for applying a voltage by the voltage application device 9.
  • this power generation system 1 it is possible to apply a voltage from the voltage application power supply 31 and apply a voltage to the first device 3 via the electrode 22 and the extraction lead wire 27 of the second device 4.
  • the application-dedicated part 32 is provided with a second switch 24 for opening and closing a circuit (application conductor 28) for applying a voltage to the first device 3.
  • the second switch 24 is not particularly limited, and a known switch mechanism can be adopted. Moreover, the 2nd switch 24 is electrically connected to the control unit 10 mentioned later (refer the broken line of FIG. 1), and the opening / closing is controlled.
  • the voltage sensor 35 is a sensor for detecting the voltage of the first device 3, and is electrically connected to the shared portion 29 so as to straddle the first device 3.
  • the voltage sensor 35 is not particularly limited, and a known sensor is used.
  • the control unit 10 is a unit (for example, ECU: Electronic Control Unit) that performs electrical control in the power generation system 1, and is configured by a microcomputer including a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, and the like.
  • the control unit 10 is electrically connected to the temperature sensor 8 and the voltage application device 9 (see the broken line), and will be described in detail later, depending on the temperature of the first device 3 detected by the temperature sensor 8 described above.
  • the voltage application device 9 is activated (including switching between positive voltage and negative voltage) and stopped.
  • the control unit 10 is also electrically connected to the voltage sensor 35, the second switch 24, and the first switch 23, and the voltage of the first device 3 detected by the voltage sensor 35 will be described in detail later. And a circuit for operating the second switch 24 and the first switch 23 based on the temperature of the first device 3 detected by the temperature sensor 8 and applying a voltage to the first device 3, and A circuit from which power is taken out from the device 3 can be opened and closed (see broken line).
  • the temperature of the heat source 2 is changed over time, preferably periodically, and the first device 3 is heated and / or heated by the heat source 2. Or cool.
  • the above-mentioned first device 3 is preferably electrically polarized periodically. Thereafter, the electric power is taken out as a waveform (for example, alternating current, pulsating current, etc.) that periodically fluctuates according to the periodic electric polarization of the first device 3 through the second device 4.
  • a waveform for example, alternating current, pulsating current, etc.
  • the temperature of the heat source 2 is, for example, 200 to 1200 ° C., preferably 700 to 900 ° C. in the high temperature state, and the temperature in the low temperature state is lower than the temperature in the above high temperature state. More specifically, for example, the temperature is 100 to 800 ° C., preferably 200 to 500 ° C., and the temperature difference between the high temperature state and the low temperature state is 10 to 600 ° C., preferably 20 to 500 ° C. is there.
  • the repetition cycle between the high temperature state and the low temperature state is, for example, 10 to 400 cycles / second, preferably 30 to 100 cycles / second.
  • a voltage is applied to the first device 3 in accordance with the temperature state of the first device 3 in order to generate power more efficiently.
  • the temperature of the first device 3 is continuously measured by the temperature sensor 8, and the first device 3 is in a temperature rising state. Detect if the temperature is falling. More specifically, for example, when the temperature of the first device 3 detected by the temperature sensor 8 has increased by a predetermined value (for example, 0.2 ° C./s) or more, the temperature rise state In addition, when the temperature of the first device 3 drops by a predetermined value (for example, 0.2 ° C./s) or the like, it is detected that the temperature is lowered.
  • a predetermined value for example, 0.2 ° C./s
  • the second switch 24 when it is detected that the first device 3 is in the temperature rising state, the second switch 24 is turned on by the control unit 10 and the application conductor 28 is closed (FIG. 1). Middle, see thick solid line), the voltage application device 9 is activated, and a predetermined positive voltage is applied to the first device 3 (see arrow A in FIG. 2).
  • the magnitude of the applied positive voltage is, for example, 5 V or more, preferably 50 V or more, for example, 5 kV or less, preferably 1 kV or less.
  • the magnitude of the applied positive electric field is, for example, 10 V / mm or more, preferably 100 V / mm or more, for example, 10 kV / mm or less, preferably 2 kV / mm or less.
  • the voltage and the electric field are values when lead zirconate titanate (PZT) is used.
  • PZT lead zirconate titanate
  • the applied electric field is controlled to be equal to or lower than the coercive electric field.
  • the application time of the positive voltage is, for example, 2% or more, preferably 5% or more, for example, 98% or less, preferably 35% with respect to the time during which the first device 3 is in the temperature rising state. It is as follows.
  • the control unit 10 performs the second operation.
  • the switch 24 is turned off, and the application lead 28 is opened (see the thick two-dot chain line in FIG. 1), and the voltage application device 9 is stopped and the application of the positive voltage is stopped. Thereby, electric power is generated in the first device 3.
  • the battery 7 is protected by opening the take-out dedicated portion 30 by turning off the first switch 23 under the control of the control unit 10.
  • the battery 7 is electrically connected to the voltage application device 9 via the application-dedicated portion 32 of the application conductor 28 and the extraction-dedicated portion 30 of the extraction conductor 27, as shown in FIG. 1. It is connected. Therefore, when the voltage application device 9 is activated and a positive voltage is applied to the first device 3, the voltage is applied via the application-dedicated portion 32 of the application conductor 28 and the extraction-dedicated portion 30 of the extraction conductor 27. It may be applied to the battery 7. In such a case, a failure of the battery 7 may be caused.
  • the first switch 23 is turned off by the control of the control unit 10, and the extraction-dedicated part 30 Is in an open state (see the thick two-dot chain line in FIG. 1).
  • the first switch 23 is turned on at a predetermined timing, and the take-out dedicated portion 30 is closed (see the thick solid line in FIG. 1). Thereby, the passage of current in the extraction-dedicated part 30 is allowed, and the electric power obtained by the first device 3 is accumulated in the battery 7 (see arrow B in FIG. 2).
  • the timing at which the electric power is supplied to the battery 7 is not particularly limited.
  • the timing at which the temperature change of the first device 3 converges (the temperature change disappears) can be given.
  • the electric power generated in the first device 3 can be monitored by the voltage sensor 35, and the temperature change of the first device 3 can be monitored by the temperature sensor 8.
  • the second switch 24 is turned off by the control unit 10 and the application conductor 28 is in an open state, so that the power generated from the first device 3 is applied to the voltage application device. 9 can be prevented from being supplied to the voltage application power source 31.
  • the second switch 24 is turned on by the control unit 10 and the application conductor 28 is closed (see the thick solid line in FIG. 1).
  • the voltage applying device 9 is activated, and a predetermined negative voltage is applied to the first device 3 (see arrow C in FIG. 2).
  • the magnitude of the negative voltage to be applied is, for example, 5 V or more, preferably 50 V or more, for example, 5 kV or less, preferably 1 kV or less.
  • the magnitude of the applied negative electric field is, for example, 0.02 V / mm or more, preferably 0.2 V / mm or more, for example, 10 kV / mm or less, preferably 2 kV / mm. It is as follows.
  • the voltage and the electric field are values when lead zirconate titanate (PZT) is used.
  • PZT lead zirconate titanate
  • the applied electric field is controlled to be equal to or lower than the coercive electric field.
  • the application time of the negative voltage is, for example, 2% or more, preferably 5% or more, for example, 98% or less, preferably 35% or less, with respect to the time during which the first device 3 is in the cooled state. It is.
  • the second switch 24 is operated by the control unit 10. Is turned OFF and the applied lead 28 is opened (see the thick two-dot chain line in FIG. 1), the voltage application device 9 is stopped, and the application of the negative voltage is stopped. Thereby, electric power is generated in the first device 3.
  • the first switch 23 is turned off by the control of the control unit 10 to protect the battery 7.
  • the battery 7 is electrically connected to the voltage application device 9 via the application-dedicated portion 32 of the application conductor 28 and the extraction-dedicated portion 30 of the extraction conductor 27, as shown in FIG. 1. It is connected. Therefore, when the voltage application device 9 is activated and a negative voltage is applied to the first device 3, the voltage is applied via the application-dedicated portion 32 of the application conductor 28 and the extraction-dedicated portion 30 of the extraction conductor 27. It may be applied to the battery 7. In such a case, a failure of the battery 7 may be caused.
  • the first switch 23 is turned off by the control of the control unit 10, and the extraction-dedicated part 30 is Is in an open state (see the thick two-dot chain line in FIG. 1).
  • the first switch 23 is turned on at a predetermined timing, and the take-out dedicated portion 30 is closed (see the thick solid line in FIG. 1). Thereby, the passage of current in the extraction-only part 30 is allowed, and the electric power obtained by the first device 3 is accumulated in the battery 7 (see arrow D in FIG. 2).
  • the timing at which the electric power is supplied to the battery 7 is not particularly limited, but during the temperature decrease or after the temperature decrease and before the temperature increase, for example, the timing when the voltage generated in the first device 3 becomes a predetermined value or more, For example, the timing when the temperature change of the first device 3 converges (the temperature change disappears) can be cited.
  • the electric power generated in the first device 3 can be monitored by the voltage sensor 35, and the temperature change of the first device 3 can be monitored by the temperature sensor 8.
  • the second switch 24 is turned off by the control unit 10 and the application conductor 28 is in an open state, so that the power generated from the first device 3 is applied to the voltage application device. 9 can be prevented from being supplied to the voltage application power source 31.
  • the electric power can be taken out to the battery 7 more efficiently.
  • the first switch 23 in the power generation system 1 and controlling the opening and closing thereof as described above, it is possible to satisfactorily extract power from the first device 3 and to apply the voltage from the voltage application device 9 to the battery 7. This can suppress the failure of the battery 7.
  • the first device 3 may be damaged when exposed to an environment exceeding the Curie point, and the power generation performance may be reduced or power generation may be disabled.
  • the power generation system 1 described above since the voltage is applied when the temperature of the first device 3 is raised, the first device 3 can be used even when exposed to an environment exceeding its Curie point. The device 3 can be prevented from being damaged, and the power generation performance of the power generation system 1 can be prevented from being lowered or the power generation is disabled. As a result, it is possible to generate power with excellent efficiency even in a high temperature environment.
  • the time required from when the voltage applying device 9 is activated until the voltage is applied (that is, the intensity of the electric field reaches the predetermined value), and after the voltage applying device 9 is stopped, the electric field
  • the time required until the strength reaches 0 kV / mm can be regarded as substantially 0 second.
  • the time during which the voltage less than the predetermined value is applied is substantially 0 second, and the voltage is applied when the voltage of the predetermined value is applied (ON).
  • the state where the voltage is not applied (OFF) is switched by the control unit 10.
  • energy can be efficiently extracted from the first device 3 by a relatively simple method of operating or stopping the voltage application device 9, that is, an ON / OFF operation.
  • the power generation efficiency can be improved.
  • the first device 3 may be in a constant temperature state (temperature change amount is a predetermined value (for example, 0. Less than 2 ° C./s)). In such a case, a positive voltage is applied during the temperature rise of the first device 3 and the constant temperature state after the temperature rise, while a negative voltage is applied during the temperature drop and during the constant temperature state after the temperature drop. Is done. As will be described later, when the internal combustion engine 11 of the automobile is employed as the heat source 2, the first device 3 repeats the temperature rising state and the temperature lowering state without being in a substantially constant temperature state.
  • temperature change amount is a predetermined value (for example, 0. Less than 2 ° C./s)
  • the voltage is applied when the first device 3 is in the temperature rising state, and the amount of the temperature decrease is larger than when the voltage application is stopped when the temperature is in the temperature falling state. Power can be taken out, and the power taking out efficiency can be improved.
  • the circuit for extracting power from the first device 3 is closed only once during the temperature rise of the first device 3, but for example, during the temperature rise of the first device 3,
  • a circuit for extracting power from the first device 3 can be closed a plurality of times. That is, the take-out dedicated portion 30 can be opened and closed a plurality of times during the temperature rise of the first device 3.
  • the first switch 23 and the second switch 24 are switched at a predetermined timing, the voltage application device 9 is stopped, and the first device 3 receives power from the first device 3. Is closed (for example, arrow B in FIG. 2).
  • the first switch 23 and the second switch 24 are not switched, and the take-out dedicated portion 30 is closed, and The stopped state of the voltage application device 9 is maintained.
  • the circuit for extracting power from the first device 3 is once closed during the temperature rise of the first device 3, the temperature rises (that is, without sandwiching the temperature drop state). ), The extraction-dedicated portion 30 can be opened again, and then the extraction-dedicated portion 30 can be closed again.
  • the voltage application device 9 is stopped by the control of the control unit 10, and the application of the positive voltage to the first device 3 is stopped.
  • the extraction-only portion is similar to the above. Power can be generated in the first device 3 by opening 30 and operating the voltage applying device 9. Then, at an appropriate timing, it is possible to take out the power from the first device 3 with the take-out dedicated portion 30 in the closed state (third time in the closed state).
  • the number of times that the extraction-dedicated portion 30 is closed during one temperature rise is not particularly limited, and is appropriately set according to the temperature rise state maintenance time, the power generation performance of the first device 3, and the like.
  • the circuit for extracting power from the first device 3 is closed only once while the temperature of the first device 3 is decreasing.
  • the first device 3 is A circuit for extracting power from the device 3 can be closed a plurality of times. That is, the take-out dedicated portion 30 can be opened and closed a plurality of times while the temperature of the first device 3 is decreasing.
  • the first switch 23 and the second switch 24 are switched at a predetermined timing, the voltage applying device 9 is stopped, and power is supplied from the first device 3.
  • the circuit for taking out is closed (for example, arrow D in FIG. 2).
  • the first switch 23 and the second switch 24 are not switched, and the take-out dedicated portion 30 is closed, The stopped state of the voltage application device 9 is maintained.
  • the circuit for taking out the electric power from the first device 3 is once closed, and then the temperature is lowered (that is, without sandwiching the temperature rise state).
  • the extraction-only portion 30 can be opened again, and then the extraction-only portion 30 can be closed again.
  • the first device 23 is switched again by switching the first switch 23 and the second switch 24 during the temperature increase.
  • a negative voltage can be applied to the first device 3 and power can be generated in the first device 3 (for example, FIG. 3).
  • Arrow C ′
  • the voltage application device 9 is stopped and the application of the negative voltage to the first device 3 is stopped.
  • the extraction-dedicated portion 30 is set in the same manner as described above.
  • the open state and operating the voltage application device 9 power can be generated in the first device 3. Then, at an appropriate timing, it is possible to take out the power from the first device 3 with the take-out dedicated portion 30 in the closed state (third time in the closed state).
  • the number of times that the take-out dedicated portion 30 is closed during one temperature drop is not particularly limited, and is appropriately set according to the temperature drop maintenance time, the power generation performance of the first device 3, and the like.
  • a waveform (periodically fluctuating) in a booster (not shown) connected to the second device 4 For example, the voltage can be boosted in a state of alternating current, pulsating flow, etc., and further converted into a direct current voltage in an alternating current / direct current converter (not shown).
  • the battery 7 is used as the third device.
  • the third device is not particularly limited as long as it is a device to which power extracted from the first device is supplied. Various electric load devices can be employed.
  • a known voltage converter is provided in the extraction-dedicated part 30; The magnitude of the voltage can also be adjusted.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment in which the power generation system of the first invention is mounted on a vehicle
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a main part of the power generation system shown in FIG.
  • the automobile 25 includes an internal combustion engine 11, a catalyst mounting portion 12, an exhaust pipe 13, a muffler 14, and a discharge pipe 15.
  • the internal combustion engine 11 includes an engine 16 and an exhaust manifold 17.
  • the engine 16 is a multi-cylinder (4-cylinder) multi-cycle (4-cycle) engine, and an upstream end portion of a branch pipe 18 (described later) of the exhaust manifold 17 is connected to each cylinder.
  • the exhaust manifold 17 is an exhaust manifold provided for converging exhaust gas exhausted from each cylinder of the engine 16, and a plurality of (four) branch pipes 18 (these are connected to each cylinder of the engine 16. 4 are referred to as the branch pipe 18a, the branch pipe 18b, the branch pipe 18c, and the branch pipe 18d in order from the upper side of FIG. 4), and each branch pipe on the downstream side of the branch pipe 18. And an air collecting tube 19 that integrates 18 into one.
  • each branch pipe 18 is provided with one box-shaped space 20 in the middle of the flow direction.
  • the box-shaped space 20 is a substantially rectangular parallelepiped space interposed so as to communicate with the branch pipe 18, and includes a plurality of first devices 3 and second devices 4 inside thereof (see FIG. 5).
  • FIG. 4 a plurality of first devices 3 are simplified, and one first device 3 is shown for one box-shaped space 20.
  • the upstream end of the branch pipe 18 is connected to each cylinder of the engine 16, and the downstream end of the branch pipe 18 and the upstream end of the air collecting pipe 19 are connected to each other. It is connected. Further, the downstream end of the air collecting pipe 19 is connected to the upstream end of the catalyst mounting portion 12.
  • the catalyst mounting unit 12 includes, for example, a catalyst carrier and a catalyst coated on the carrier, and hydrocarbons (HC), nitrogen oxides (NO x ) contained in exhaust gas discharged from the internal combustion engine 11, In order to purify harmful components such as carbon monoxide (CO), it is connected to the downstream end of the internal combustion engine 11 (exhaust manifold 17).
  • HC hydrocarbons
  • NO x nitrogen oxides
  • the exhaust pipe 13 is provided to guide the exhaust gas purified in the catalyst mounting portion 12 to the muffler 14.
  • the upstream end is connected to the catalyst mounting portion 12 and the downstream end is the muffler 14. It is connected to the.
  • the muffler 14 is provided to silence noise generated in the engine 16 (in particular, the explosion process), and an upstream end thereof is connected to a downstream end of the exhaust pipe 13. The downstream end of the muffler 14 is connected to the upstream end of the discharge pipe 15.
  • the exhaust pipe 15 is provided to discharge exhaust gas that has been exhausted from the engine 16 and sequentially passes through the exhaust manifold 17, the catalyst mounting portion 12, the exhaust pipe 13, and the muffler 14, and has been purified and silenced.
  • the upstream end is connected to the downstream end of the muffler 14, and the downstream end is open to the outside air.
  • the automobile 25 is equipped with the above-described power generation system 1.
  • the power generation system 1 includes the heat source 2, the first device 3, the second device 4, the battery 7, the temperature sensor 8, the voltage application device 9, the voltage sensor 35, and the control unit 10.
  • the engine 16 of the internal combustion engine 11 is used as the heat source 2, and as shown in the enlarged view and FIG.
  • One device 3 is arranged.
  • the first device 3 is formed in a sheet shape, and a plurality of first devices 3 are arranged in the box-shaped space 20 with a space therebetween, and a second device 4 (and a fixing member (not shown) provided as necessary). Z)).
  • both the front and back surfaces of the first device 3 and the peripheral side surface are exposed to the outside air in the box-shaped space 20 via the second device 4 (not shown) and can be exposed (exposed) to the exhaust gas. It is said that.
  • the second device 4 includes two electrodes 22 disposed to face each other with the first device 3 interposed therebetween, and lead wires 27 connected to the electrodes 22.
  • the electrodes 22 are arranged so as to face each other outside the first devices 3 and to interpose the first devices 3 therebetween.
  • the lead-out conductor 27 includes the common part 29 and the lead-out part 30, and is shared with the application lead 28 in the common part 29.
  • the take-out dedicated portion 30 is provided with a first switch 23 for opening and closing a circuit for taking out power from the first device.
  • the lead-out conducting wire 27 is a branch conducting wire, and as shown in FIG. 4, the electrodes 22 are connected in parallel.
  • the lead-out lead wires 27 were taken out by the first devices 3, the pair of (two) electrodes 22 disposed opposite to each other with the first device 3 interposed therebetween, and the first device 3 and the second device 4.
  • a plurality of annular electric circuits including a battery 7 for storing electric power is formed in accordance with each of the plurality of first devices 3.
  • a booster, an AC / DC converter (AC-DC converter), or the like may be interposed between the lead-out lead 27 of the second device 4 and the battery 7, for example.
  • each box-shaped space 20 one first device 3, a pair of electrodes 22 arranged to face each other across the first device 3, and a lead wire connected to the electrode 22 27 is schematically shown.
  • the temperature sensor 8 is disposed in the vicinity of the upstream side (exhaust gas flow direction) of the plurality of first devices 3 in each branch pipe 18 and can detect the temperature thereof. Is provided.
  • the number of the temperature sensors 8 is not particularly limited as long as the temperature sensors 8 can be provided so as to detect the temperatures of the plurality of first devices 3 (see FIG. 5).
  • the voltage application device 9 includes a voltage application power source 31 and an application conductor 28.
  • the application conducting wire 28 includes the shared portion 29 and the application dedicated portion 32, and is shared with the extraction conducting wire 27 in the shared portion 29.
  • the applied conducting wire 28 shares a part (common part 29) of the extraction conducting wire 27 of the second device 4 and is electrically connected to the electrode 22 of the second device 4.
  • the application conductor 28 is an annular electric circuit including each first device 3, a pair (two) of electrodes 22 that are opposed to each other across the first device 3, and a voltage application power source 31.
  • a plurality of first devices 3 are formed according to each of the plurality of first devices 3.
  • the electrode 22 of the second device 4 is shared as an electrode for applying a voltage by the voltage application device 9. Further, a part (common part 29) of the extraction lead wire 27 of the second device 4 is shared as a part of the application lead wire 28 for applying a voltage by the voltage application device 9.
  • a voltage can be applied between the electrodes 22, that is, the first device 3 by applying a voltage to the electrodes 22 from the voltage application power supply 31.
  • a plurality of voltage sensors 35 are provided so as to correspond to each of the plurality of first devices 3 (see FIG. 5), and are electrically connected to the shared portion 29 so as to straddle each first device 3. 1 The voltage of the device 3 can be monitored.
  • the control unit 10 is electrically connected to the temperature sensor 8 and the voltage application device 9 as indicated by a broken line outside the box-shaped space 20.
  • control unit 10 is connected in parallel to each of the temperature sensors 8 provided in each box-type space 20 by a branching conductor or the like, and is connected to the voltage application device 9.
  • control unit 10 is connected in parallel to each of the voltage sensors 35 and each of the first switches 23 by branch conductors or the like (see FIG. 1).
  • the pistons are interlocked to perform the intake process, the compression process, the explosion process, and the exhaust process. , Implemented in phase.
  • the fuel is combusted and power is output, and high-temperature exhaust gas passes through the branch pipe 18a and the branch pipe 18c in the exhaust process.
  • step (5) the heat of the engine 16 is transmitted through the exhaust gas (heat medium), the internal temperatures of the branch pipe 18a and the branch pipe 18c rise in the exhaust process, and other processes (intake process, compression process, explosion) In step (5), it moves up and down with time according to the piston cycle, and the high temperature state and the low temperature state are periodically repeated.
  • step (5) the heat of the engine 16 is transmitted through the exhaust gas (heat medium), the internal temperatures of the branch pipe 18b and the branch pipe 18d rise in the exhaust process, and other processes (intake process, compression process, explosion) In step (5), it moves up and down with time according to the piston cycle, and the high temperature state and the low temperature state are periodically repeated.
  • This periodic temperature change has the same period but a different phase from the periodic temperature changes of the branch pipe 18a and the branch pipe 18c.
  • the sheet-like 1st device 3 is arrange
  • both the front surface and the back surface of the first device 3 are heated and / or cooled by the temperature change of the engine 16 (heat source 2) and the heat medium that transmits the heat of the engine 16 over time.
  • the 1st device 3 can be periodically made into a high temperature state or a low temperature state, and the effect (for example, piezo element, pyroelectric element, etc.) according to the element (for example, piezo element, pyroelectric element, etc.) , Piezo effect, pyroelectric effect, etc.).
  • the effect for example, piezo element, pyroelectric element, etc.
  • the element for example, piezo element, pyroelectric element, etc.
  • Piezo effect Piezo effect, pyroelectric effect, etc.
  • power can be extracted from each first device 3 as a waveform (for example, alternating current, pulsating current) that periodically varies from each first device 3 via the second device 4.
  • a waveform for example, alternating current, pulsating current
  • the temperature of the first device 3 is continuously detected by the temperature sensor 8.
  • the power extraction efficiency is higher. Improvements can be made.
  • the exhaust gas is supplied to the air collecting pipe 19, collected, then supplied to the catalyst mounting section 12, and purified by the catalyst provided in the catalyst mounting section 12. Thereafter, the exhaust gas is supplied to the exhaust pipe 13, silenced in the muffler 14, and then discharged to the outside air through the discharge pipe 15.
  • the temperature of the air collection pipe 19, the catalyst mounting portion 12, the exhaust pipe 13, the muffler 14 and the exhaust pipe 15 through which such exhaust gas whose temperature has been smoothed normally does not increase or decrease with time, It is constant.
  • the air collecting tube 19 the catalyst mounting portion 12, the exhaust pipe 13, the muffler 14 or the exhaust pipe 15 is used as the heat source 2 and the first device 3 is disposed around or inside the first device 3,
  • the electric power taken out from is low in voltage and constant (DC voltage).
  • the first device 3 is periodically brought into a high temperature state or a low temperature state due to a temperature change of the heat source 2 over time.
  • the first device 3 can be periodically electrically polarized by an effect (for example, piezo effect, pyroelectric effect, etc.) according to the device (for example, piezo element, pyroelectric element, etc.).
  • power can be extracted from each first device 3 as a waveform (for example, alternating current, pulsating current) that periodically varies from each first device 3 via the second device 4.
  • a waveform for example, alternating current, pulsating current
  • the electric power obtained as described above is generated in a periodically fluctuating waveform (for example, alternating current, pulsating current, etc.) in a booster (not shown) connected to the second device 4.
  • the voltage is boosted in a state, and then, if necessary, the boosted power is converted into a DC voltage by an AC / DC converter (not shown), and then stored in the battery 7.
  • the electric power stored in the battery 7 can be appropriately used as the power of the automobile 25 or various electric components mounted on the automobile 25.
  • the battery 7 is used as the third device.
  • the third device is not particularly limited as long as it is a device to which power extracted from the first device is supplied. Various electric load devices can be employed.
  • a known voltage converter is provided in the extraction-dedicated part 30; The magnitude of the voltage can also be adjusted.
  • the first device 3 that is electrically polarized by a temperature change is a piezo element
  • the crystal structure is distorted due to a temperature rise and polarization occurs. Therefore, when the temperature is lowered, the strain is reduced.
  • the first invention as described above, it is possible to improve the power extraction efficiency by applying a negative voltage even when the temperature drops.
  • a power generation circuit 101 includes a power generation unit 102, a power reception unit 103, a pair of main lines 104 that electrically connect them, and a first power storage unit 106 and a second power storage unit that are installed on the main line 104. 108.
  • the power generation unit 102 includes a power generation element 109 and a pair of electrodes (not shown) disposed to face each other with the power generation element 109 interposed therebetween.
  • the power generation element 109 is represented by a capacitor symbol.
  • the power generation element 109 is a device that undergoes electric polarization as the temperature rises and falls over time.
  • Such a power generation element 109 include elements similar to the first device 3 described above (pyroelectric elements, piezoelectric elements, etc.).
  • These power generation elements 109 can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
  • the power generating element 109 is usually used after being subjected to a polling process by a known method.
  • the Curie point of the power generation element 109 is, for example, ⁇ 77 ° C. or higher, preferably ⁇ 10 ° C. or higher, for example, 1300 ° C. or lower, preferably 900 ° C. or lower.
  • the relative dielectric constant of the power generation element 109 is, for example, 1 or more, preferably 100 or more, more preferably 2000 or more.
  • the higher the relative dielectric constant of the power generation element 109 insulator (dielectric)
  • the higher the energy conversion efficiency and the higher voltage can be used to extract power. Is less than the lower limit, the energy conversion efficiency is low, and the voltage of the obtained power may be low.
  • the power generation element 109 (insulator (dielectric)) is electrically polarized by a change in temperature.
  • the electrical polarization may be any of electronic polarization, ionic polarization, and orientation polarization.
  • a material for example, a liquid crystal material
  • polarization by orientation polarization it is expected that power generation efficiency can be improved by changing the molecular structure.
  • the power receiving unit 103 is a unit to which power extracted from the power generation element 109 is supplied, and includes a power receiving capacitor 110 and a bridge diode 111.
  • the power receiving capacitor 110 is a device that receives and stores the electric power extracted from the power generation element 109, and is electrically connected to the power generation element 109 via the bridge diode 111.
  • the bridge diode 111 is a rectifier including four diodes, and converts an AC voltage obtained from the power generation element 109 into a DC voltage and rectifies the current between the power generation element 109 and the power receiving capacitor 110. Intervened.
  • the main line 104 is a pair of conductive wires configured to connect the power generation unit 102 and the power reception unit 103, one end (left side in FIG. 6) is connected to the power generation unit 102, and the other side ( The right end in FIG. 6 is connected to the power receiving unit 103.
  • the main line 104 includes a main line switch 114.
  • the main line switch 114 is a switch for controlling (deciding the direction of) the current flow in the main line 104, and includes a pair (two) of main line opening / closing mechanisms 115 and a pair of main line opening / closing mechanisms 115.
  • the main line rectifier circuit 116 is connected in parallel to the main line rectifier circuit 116.
  • the main line opening / closing mechanism 115 and the main line rectifying circuit 116 on one side are connected to the main line opening / closing mechanism. 115A and main line rectifier circuit 116A.
  • the main line opening / closing mechanism 115 and the main line rectifying circuit 116 on the other side are referred to as a main line opening / closing mechanism 115B and a main line rectifying circuit 116B.
  • the pair (two) of main line opening / closing mechanisms 115 are known circuit opening / closing mechanisms, and are adjacently arranged at a distance from each other on the power generation unit 102 side of the first power storage unit 106.
  • the main line opening / closing mechanism 115 is interposed in the main line 104.
  • the main line rectifier circuit 116 includes a bypass conductive line connected to the main line 104 so as to straddle the main line opening / closing mechanism 115 and a diode interposed in the conductive line.
  • the diode is provided to regulate the direction of current flow in the main line 104.
  • the diode provided in the main line rectifier circuit 116A is the first direction (clockwise in FIG. 6 (see arrow in FIG. 6)) in the circuit formed by the power generation unit 102, the main line 104, and the power receiving unit 103. ) Current and the current in the second direction (the counterclockwise direction in FIG. 6 (see the arrow in FIG. 6)), which is the reverse of the first direction, is allowed.
  • the diode provided in the main line rectifier circuit 116B allows a current in the first direction (clockwise in FIG. 6 (see arrow in FIG. 6)) in the circuit connecting the power generation unit 102, the main line 104, and the power receiving unit 103. , So as to block the current in the second direction (leftward in FIG. 6 (see arrow in FIG. 6)).
  • the current causes the main line rectifying circuit 116A to bypass the open main line opening / closing mechanism 115A. pass.
  • the direction of the current flowing through the main line 104 is determined by the diode interposed in the main line rectifier circuit 116A.
  • the current passes through the main line rectifier circuit 116B so as to bypass the open main line opening / closing mechanism 115B. pass.
  • the direction of the current flowing through the main line 104 is determined by the diode interposed in the main line rectifier circuit 116B.
  • the first power storage unit 106 includes a first sub conductor 105 connected so as to bridge between the pair of main lines 104 and a coil 120 interposed between the first sub conductors 105.
  • the first sub-conductor 105 is a conductor laid between the main wires 104, and one side (the upper side in the drawing in FIG. 6) is an intermediate portion on one side of the pair of main wires 104 (the upper side in the drawing in FIG. 6).
  • the other end (the lower side of the paper in FIG. 6) is connected to the middle part of the other side (the lower side of the paper in FIG. 6) of the pair of main lines 104.
  • the first sub conductor 105 includes a first sub conductor switch 117.
  • the first sub conductor switch 117 is a switch for controlling (direction determining) the flow of current in the first sub conductor 105, and includes a pair of (two) first sub conductor opening / closing mechanisms 118 and a pair of first sub conductor switches 117.
  • the first auxiliary conductor rectifier circuit 119 is connected in parallel to each of the auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanisms 118.
  • the first auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 118 and the first auxiliary conductor rectifier circuit 119 are distinguished, the first auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 118 and the first auxiliary conductor rectifier on one side (the upper side in FIG. 6).
  • the circuit 119 is referred to as a first auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 118A and a first auxiliary conductor rectifier circuit 119A.
  • the first sub conductor opening / closing mechanism 118 and the first sub conductor rectifying circuit 119 on the other side (the lower side in FIG. 6) with respect to one side are referred to as a first sub conductor opening / closing mechanism 118B and a first sub conductor rectifying circuit 119B. .
  • the pair (two) of first auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanisms 118 are known circuit opening / closing mechanisms, and are arranged at intervals in the middle of the first auxiliary conductor 105 so as to sandwich the coil 120. .
  • the first auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 118 is interposed in the first auxiliary conductor 105.
  • the first auxiliary conductor rectifier circuit 119 includes a bypass conductor connected to the first auxiliary conductor 105 so as to straddle the first auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 118, and a diode interposed in the conductor.
  • the diode is provided to restrict the direction of current flow in the first sub conductor 105.
  • the diode provided in the first sub-conductor rectifier circuit 119A blocks the current in the first sub-conductor 105 in the first direction (the direction from the top to the bottom in FIG. 6 (see the arrow in FIG. 6)).
  • the second direction (the direction from the bottom to the top of FIG. 6 (see the arrow in FIG. 6)) that is the reverse of the first direction is allowed.
  • the diode provided in the first sub-conductor rectifier circuit 119B allows a current in the first direction (the direction from the top to the bottom of FIG. 6 (see the arrow in FIG. 6)) in the first sub-conductor 105 and the second direction. It is provided so as to block current in the direction from the bottom of FIG. 6 to the top (see the arrow in FIG. 6).
  • the direction of the current flowing through the first sub conductor 105 is regulated by opening / closing of the first sub conductor opening / closing mechanism 118.
  • the current bypasses the first sub conductor opening / closing mechanism 118A in the open state. It passes through the first auxiliary conductor rectifier circuit 119A. In such a case, the direction of the current flowing through the first sub-conductor 105 is determined by the diode interposed in the first sub-conductor rectifier circuit 119A.
  • the current bypasses the open first auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 118B. Passes through the first sub-conductor rectifier circuit 119B. In such a case, the direction of the current flowing through the first sub-conductor 105 is determined by the diode interposed in the first sub-conductor rectifier circuit 119B.
  • both the first sub conductor opening / closing mechanism 118A and the first sub conductor opening / closing mechanism 118B are in the open state, current cannot pass through the first sub conductor switch 117, and the first sub conductor opening / closing mechanism 118 When both 118A and the first auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 118B are in the closed state, the current can pass through the first auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 118A and the first auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 118B without being restricted in direction.
  • the coil 120 is a known coil employed in an electric circuit, and is provided so as to be interposed in the first sub conductor 105 between the pair of first sub conductor opening / closing mechanisms 118.
  • the number of turns of the coil 120 is not particularly limited, and is appropriately set according to the purpose and application.
  • the second power storage unit 108 is a power storage unit connected in parallel with the first power storage unit 106, a second sub conductor 107 connected so as to bridge between the pair of main wires 104, and the second sub conductor And a capacitor 121 interposed in 107.
  • the second sub-conductor 107 is a conductor that spans between the main wires 104 in parallel with the first sub-conductor 105, and one end (upper side in FIG. 6) is one end of the pair of main wires 104. Is connected to the middle part of the other side (lower side of the paper in FIG. 6), and the other side (lower side of the paper in FIG. 6) is connected to the middle part of the other side of the pair of main lines 104 (lower side of the paper in FIG. 6). Has been.
  • Such a second sub conductor 107 is connected to the power receiving unit 103 rather than the first sub conductor 105 in FIG.
  • the second sub conductor 107 is provided with a second sub conductor switch 122.
  • the second sub conductor switch 122 is a switch for controlling (direction determining) the flow of current in the second sub conductor 107, and includes a pair (two) of second sub conductor opening / closing mechanisms 123 and a pair of second sub conductor switches 122.
  • the second sub conductor rectifier circuit 124 is connected in parallel to each of the sub conductor open / close mechanisms 123.
  • the second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 123 and the second auxiliary conductor rectifier circuit 124 are distinguished, the second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 123 and the second auxiliary conductor rectifier on one side (the upper side in FIG. 6).
  • the circuit 124 is a second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 123A and a second auxiliary conductor rectifier circuit 124A.
  • the second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 123 and the second auxiliary conductor rectifier circuit 124 on the other side (the lower side in FIG. 6) with respect to the one side are referred to as a second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 123B and a second auxiliary conductor rectifier circuit 124B.
  • the pair (two) of second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanisms 123 are known circuit opening / closing mechanisms, and are arranged at intervals in the middle of the second auxiliary conductor 107 so as to sandwich the capacitor 121 therebetween. .
  • the second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 123 is interposed in the second auxiliary conductor 107.
  • the second auxiliary conductor rectifier circuit 124 includes a bypass conductor connected to the second auxiliary conductor 107 so as to straddle the second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 123 and a diode interposed in the conductor.
  • the diode is provided to restrict the direction of current flow in the second sub conductor 107.
  • the diode provided in the second sub-conductor rectifier circuit 124A allows a current in the first direction (the direction from the bottom to the top of FIG. 6 (see the arrow in FIG. 6)) in the second sub-conductor 107.
  • the second direction (the direction from the top to the bottom of FIG. 6 (refer to the arrow in FIG. 6)), which is the reverse of the first direction, is provided so as to block current.
  • the diode provided in the second sub-conductor rectifier circuit 124B blocks the current in the first direction (the direction from the bottom to the top of FIG. 6 (see the arrow in FIG. 6)) in the second sub-conductor 107, and the second direction. It is provided so as to allow current in the direction from the top to the bottom of FIG. 6 (see the arrow in FIG. 6).
  • the current bypasses the open second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 123A. It passes through the second auxiliary conductor rectifier circuit 124A. In such a case, the direction of the current flowing through the second auxiliary conductor 107 is determined by the diode interposed in the second auxiliary conductor rectifier circuit 124A.
  • the current bypasses the open second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 123B. It passes through the second auxiliary conductor rectifier circuit 124B. In such a case, the direction of the current flowing through the second auxiliary conductor 107 is determined by the diode interposed in the second auxiliary conductor rectifier circuit 124B.
  • both the second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 123A and the second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 123B are in the open state, the current cannot pass through the second auxiliary conductor switch 122, and the second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism
  • both 123A and the second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 123B are in the closed state, the current can pass through the second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 123A and the second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 123B without being restricted in direction.
  • the capacitor 121 is a known capacitor employed in an electric circuit, and is provided between the pair of second sub-conductor opening / closing mechanisms 123 so as to be interposed in the first sub-conductor 107, and accumulates electric energy. It is possible.
  • the capacitance of the capacitor 121 is not particularly limited, and is appropriately set according to the purpose and application.
  • Such a power generation circuit 101 is suitably used in a power generation system 131 described below, specifically, in a power generation system 131 that extracts power from the power generation element 109 and supplies the power to the power receiving unit 103.
  • the power generation system 131 includes the power generation circuit 101, the heat source 132 that raises and lowers the temperature of the power generation element 109 in the power generation circuit 101 over time, and temperature detection means that detects the temperature of the power generation element 109.
  • FIG. 7 schematically shows the power generation circuit 101 in a simplified manner.
  • the heat source 132 is not particularly limited as long as the temperature rises and falls over time, and examples thereof include various energy utilization devices such as the internal combustion engine described above and the light emitting device described above.
  • These heat sources 132 can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
  • the heat source 132 is preferably a heat source that periodically changes in temperature with time.
  • the heat source 132 is preferably an internal combustion engine.
  • Such a heat source 132 is disposed in contact with or close to the power generation element 109 in order to heat and / or cool the power generation element 109.
  • the temperature sensor 133 is provided close to or in contact with the power generation element 109 in order to detect the temperature of the power generation element 109.
  • the temperature sensor 133 directly detects the surface temperature of the power generation element 109 as the temperature of the power generation element 109 or detects the ambient temperature around the power generation element 109.
  • a known temperature sensor such as an infrared radiation thermometer or a thermocouple thermometer is used.
  • the voltage sensor 135 is a sensor for detecting the voltage of the power generation element 109, and is electrically connected to the main line 104 so as to straddle the power generation element 109.
  • the voltage sensor 135 is not particularly limited, and a known sensor is used.
  • the control unit 134 is a unit (for example, ECU: Electronic Control Unit) that performs electrical control in the power generation system 131, and includes a microcomputer including a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, and the like.
  • the control unit 134 is electrically connected to the temperature sensor 133, the voltage sensor 135, the main line switch 114, the first sub conductor switch 117, and the second sub conductor switch 122 (see the broken line). Accordingly, as will be described in detail later, the main line switch 114 and the first line switch 114 are changed according to the temperature of the power generation element 109 detected by the temperature sensor 133 and the voltage of the power generation element 109 detected by the voltage sensor 135. The first sub conductor switch 117 and the second sub conductor switch 122 are controlled, whereby each conductor in the power generation circuit 101 can be opened and closed.
  • the capacitor 121 is provided with a voltage sensor (not shown), and the voltage (storage state) of the capacitor 121 is monitored.
  • the temperature of the heat source 132 is changed over time, preferably periodically, and the power generation element 109 is heated and / or heated by the heat source 132. Cooling.
  • the temperature of the heat source 132 is, for example, 200 to 1200 ° C., preferably 700 to 900 ° C. in the high temperature state, and the temperature in the low temperature state is lower than the temperature in the high temperature state, more specifically, for example, 100 to 800 ° C., preferably 200 to 500 ° C., and the temperature difference between the high temperature state and the low temperature state is, for example, 10 to 600 ° C., preferably 20 to 500 ° C.
  • the repetition cycle between the high temperature state and the low temperature state is, for example, 10 to 400 cycles / second, preferably 30 to 100 cycles / second.
  • the above-described power generation element 109 is preferably electrically polarized periodically.
  • the piezo element when a piezo element is used as the power generation element 109, the piezo element is fixed by a fixing member around the piezo element, for example, contacts the heat source 132, or transmits heat from the heat source 132. It arrange
  • a heat medium exhaust gas mentioned above, light, etc.
  • the piezo element is pressed by the fixing member and is electrically polarized by the piezo effect (piezoelectric effect) or phase transformation near the Curie point. .
  • such a piezo element is normally maintained in a heated state or a cooled state, and when its temperature becomes constant (that is, a constant volume), the electric polarization is neutralized, and then cooled or heated, Again, it is electrically polarized. Therefore, as described above, when the temperature of the heat source 132 periodically changes and the high temperature state and the low temperature state are periodically repeated, the piezoelectric element is periodically heated and cooled. Electrical polarization and its neutralization are repeated periodically.
  • the pyroelectric element When a pyroelectric element is used as the power generation element, the pyroelectric element contacts the heat source 132 or contacts a heat medium (exhaust gas, light, etc.) that transmits heat from the heat source 132 ( To be exposed). In such a case, the pyroelectric element is heated or cooled (possibly via a heat medium (exhaust gas, light, etc.) as described above) due to a change in temperature of the heat source 132 over time, and the pyroelectric effect (first The electric polarization is caused by the first effect and the second effect.
  • a heat medium exhaust gas, light, etc.
  • Such pyroelectric elements are usually maintained in a heated state or a cooled state, and when the temperature becomes constant, the electric polarization is neutralized, and then cooled or heated again to be electrically polarized again. . Therefore, when the temperature of the heat source 132 periodically changes as described above and the high temperature state and the low temperature state are periodically repeated, the pyroelectric element is periodically heated and cooled. The electrical polarization of the element and its neutralization are repeated periodically.
  • the power generation element 109 changes in temperature with time, and is electrically polarized in accordance with the change in temperature. More specifically, in the power generation system 131, when the power generation element 109 is heated and the temperature rises, a positive voltage is generated in the power generation element 109, and when the power generation element 109 is cooled and the temperature decreases. A negative voltage is generated in the power generation element 109.
  • the main line switch 114, the first sub conductor switch 117, and the second sub conductor switch 122 are controlled by the control unit 134, and a voltage is applied to the power generation element 109 by the electric power generated by the power generation element 109. .
  • the power generation element 109 is heated to raise the temperature, thereby generating a positive voltage in the power generation element 109.
  • the temperature of the power generation element 109 is continuously measured by the temperature sensor 133 together with the heating and / or cooling by the heat source 132 described above, and the power generation element 109 is in a temperature rising state. Or whether the temperature is falling.
  • the temperature of the power generation element 109 detected by the temperature sensor 133 rises by a predetermined value (for example, 0.2 ° C./s) or the like, the temperature rise state (during temperature rise).
  • a predetermined value for example, 0.2 ° C./s
  • the temperature rise state for example, 0.2 ° C./s
  • it is detected that the temperature is decreasing for example, 0.2 ° C./s
  • the main line opening / closing mechanism 115A of the main line switch 114 is closed and the main line opening / closing mechanism 115B is opened.
  • first sub conductor opening / closing mechanism 118A of the first sub conductor switch 117 is closed, and the first sub conductor opening / closing mechanism 118B is opened.
  • the second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 123A of the second auxiliary conductor switch 122 is opened, and the second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 123B is opened.
  • the power generation element 109 and the coil 120 are electrically connected, and the power generation element 109 and the coil 120 and the capacitor 121 are electrically disconnected.
  • a current derived from the positive voltage in the power generation element 109 flows through the main line rectifier circuit 116B and the first sub-conductor rectifier circuit 119B. That is, the current flows along the first direction of the main line 104 and the first direction of the first sub conductor 105, magnetic flux is generated in the coil 120, and energy is accumulated (see the thick line in FIG. 8).
  • the power generation element 109 Is electrically polarized and a negative voltage is generated.
  • the power generation element 109 since the power generation element 109 is normally subjected to polling processing, if a negative voltage equal to or lower than a predetermined value (threshold) is generated in the power generation element 109, it may be damaged.
  • the predetermined value is appropriately set according to the type of the power generation element 109, the polling processing method, and the like.
  • the main line opening / closing mechanism 115A of the main line switch 114 is opened, and The line opening / closing mechanism 115B is opened.
  • first sub conductor opening / closing mechanism 118A of the first sub conductor switch 117 is closed, and the first sub conductor opening / closing mechanism 118B is opened.
  • the second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 123A of the second auxiliary conductor switch 122 is opened, and the second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 123B is closed.
  • the coil 120 and the capacitor 121 are electrically connected, and the coil 120, the capacitor 121, and the power generation element 109 are electrically disconnected.
  • the current supply from the power generation element 109 to the coil 120 is stopped, and the magnetic flux of the coil 120 is eliminated.
  • an induced current is generated in the coil 120 so as to prevent the magnetic flux from changing (Lenz's law).
  • the generated induced current flows through the first sub-conductor rectifier circuit 119B and the second sub-conductor rectifier circuit 124A, and is stored in the capacitor 121. That is, a current derived from the energy accumulated in the coil 120 flows along the first direction of the first sub conductor 105 and the first direction of the second sub conductor 107, and energy is accumulated in the capacitor 121 ( (See thick line in FIG. 9).
  • the current derived from the negative voltage generated in the power generation element 109 during the temperature decrease of the power generation element 109 is reversed in the first direction of the main line 104.
  • the main line switch 114, the first sub-conductor switch 117, and the second sub-conductor so that energy flows in the capacitor 121 and flows along the second direction, which is the direction, and the first direction of the second sub-conductor 107.
  • the switch 122 is controlled (third control state).
  • a negative voltage is generated in the power generation element 109.
  • the power generation element 109 is normally subjected to polling processing, if a negative voltage equal to or lower than a predetermined value (threshold value) is generated in the power generation element 109, it may be damaged.
  • the main line switch 114 is opened and closed so that the voltage value (negative voltage) of the power generation element 109 detected by the voltage sensor 135 does not exceed a predetermined value (that is, an excessive negative voltage does not occur).
  • the mechanism 115A is opened, and the main line opening / closing mechanism 115B is closed.
  • first sub conductor opening / closing mechanism 118A of the first sub conductor switch 117 is opened, and the first sub conductor opening / closing mechanism 118B is opened.
  • the second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 123A of the second auxiliary conductor switch 122 is opened, and the second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 123B is closed.
  • the power generation element 109 and the capacitor 121 are electrically connected, and the power generation element 109, the capacitor 121, and the coil 120 are electrically disconnected.
  • a current derived from the negative voltage generated in the power generation element 109 flows through the main line rectifier circuit 116A and the second sub-conductor rectifier circuit 124A. That is, the current flows along the second direction of the main line 104 and the first direction of the second sub conductor 107, and energy is accumulated in the capacitor 121 (see the thick line in FIG. 10).
  • this power generation system 131 when the power generation element 109 is heated, a voltage is applied to the power generation element 109 to improve power generation efficiency.
  • the main line opening / closing mechanism 115A of the line switch 114 is opened, and the main line opening / closing mechanism 115B is opened.
  • first sub conductor opening / closing mechanism 118A of the first sub conductor switch 117 is opened, and the first sub conductor opening / closing mechanism 118B is closed.
  • the second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 123A of the second auxiliary conductor switch 122 is closed, and the second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 123B is opened.
  • the coil 120 and the capacitor 121 are electrically connected, and the coil 120, the capacitor 121, and the power generation element 109 are electrically disconnected.
  • a current derived from the energy stored in the capacitor 121 flows through the first sub-conductor rectifier circuit 119A and the second sub-conductor rectifier circuit 124B. That is, the current flows along the second direction of the first sub conductor 105 and the second direction of the second sub conductor 107, magnetic flux is generated in the coil 120, and energy is accumulated (see the thick line in FIG. 11).
  • the main line switch 114, the first sub conductor switch 117, and the second sub conductor switch 122 are controlled as in (4) above, and the voltage of the capacitor 121 is monitored by a voltage sensor (not shown).
  • the main line opening / closing mechanism 115A of the main line switch 114 is opened, The main line opening / closing mechanism 115B is closed.
  • first sub conductor opening / closing mechanism 118A of the first sub conductor switch 117 is opened, and the first sub conductor opening / closing mechanism 118B is closed.
  • the second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 123A of the second auxiliary conductor switch 122 is opened, and the second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 123B is opened.
  • the power generation element 109 and the coil 120 are electrically connected, and the power generation element 109 and the coil 120 and the capacitor 121 are electrically disconnected.
  • the current generated by the coil 120 flows along the second direction of the main line 104 and the second direction of the first sub conductor 105, and a positive voltage is applied to the power generation element 109.
  • the power generation element 109 is efficiently electrically polarized and a positive voltage is generated.
  • first sub conductor opening / closing mechanism 118A of the first sub conductor switch 117 is opened, and the first sub conductor opening / closing mechanism 118B is opened.
  • the second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 123A of the second auxiliary conductor switch 122 is opened, and the second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 123B is opened.
  • the power generation element 109 and the power receiving unit 103 are electrically connected, and the power generation element 109, the coil 120, and the capacitor 121 are electrically disconnected.
  • the current generated by the power generation element 109 flows along the first direction of the main line 104, is rectified by the bridge diode 111 of the power reception unit 103, and is supplied to the power reception capacitor 110 of the power reception unit 103 (see the thick line in FIG. 13). reference).
  • timing of supplying the current generated by the power generation element 109 to the power reception capacitor 110 of the power reception unit 103 is not particularly limited, and depends on the temperature state of the power generation element 109 (for example, the length of time to be heated). It may be determined or may be determined according to the voltage state of the power generation element 109.
  • the main line switch 114, the first sub conductor switch 117, and the second sub conductor switch 122 are controlled as in (1) above, and the above (1).
  • the processes (6) to (6) are repeated. As a result, power is extracted from the power generation element 109 and the power is supplied to the power receiving unit 103.
  • such a power generation system 131 is not particularly limited, but is mounted on, for example, an automobile.
  • the power generation element 109 is disposed inside or on the surface of the branch pipe in the exhaust manifold of the automobile, and the engine and exhaust gas of the automobile are used as the heat source 132. Then, the temperature of the exhaust gas is increased or decreased over time according to the combustion cycle of the engine, the power generation element 109 is heated and / or cooled, and the power generation system 131 generates power.
  • the obtained electric power may be stored in a battery, may be used in an electric load device such as a headlight, and may be used as power for an automobile.
  • the power receiving unit 103 includes the capacitor (the power receiving capacitor 110) as a device that receives the power generated by the power generation element 109.
  • the power generated by the power generation element 109 is stored or used. If it is a device, it will not restrict
  • the power generation circuit 101 can include a known electrical device such as a booster, a voltage converter, or an inductor at an arbitrary place as necessary.
  • the voltage is applied to the power generation element 109 at the timing when the voltage of the capacitor 121 becomes 0 V.
  • the timing at which the voltage is applied is not particularly limited, and the temperature state of the power generation element 109 ( For example, it may be determined according to the length of time to be heated, or may be determined according to the voltage state of the power generation element 109.
  • the power generation circuit 201 includes a power generation unit 202, a power reception unit 203, a first power storage unit 204, a second power storage unit 205, a conductive wire 206 connecting them, and a conductive wire 206 that opens and closes the current flow.
  • a switch 207 for controlling is provided.
  • the power generation unit 202 includes a power generation element 209 and a pair of electrodes (not shown) arranged to face each other with the power generation element 209 interposed therebetween.
  • the power generation element 209 is represented by a capacitor symbol.
  • the power generation element 209 is a device that is electrically polarized as the temperature increases and decreases over time.
  • Such a power generation element 209 include elements similar to the first device 3 described above (pyroelectric elements, piezo elements, etc.).
  • These power generating elements 209 can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
  • the power generating element 209 is usually used after being subjected to a polling process by a known method.
  • the Curie point of the power generating element 209 is, for example, ⁇ 77 ° C. or higher, preferably ⁇ 10 ° C. or higher, for example, 1300 ° C. or lower, preferably 900 ° C. or lower.
  • the relative dielectric constant of the power generation element 209 is, for example, 1 or more, preferably 100 or more, more preferably 2000 or more.
  • the power generation element 209 (insulator (dielectric)) is electrically polarized by a change in temperature.
  • the electrical polarization may be any of electronic polarization, ionic polarization, and orientation polarization.
  • a material for example, a liquid crystal material
  • polarization by orientation polarization it is expected that power generation efficiency can be improved by changing the molecular structure.
  • the power generating element 209 is electrically polarized so that the electrode on one side (left side of the paper) is positively charged and the electrode on the other side (right side of the paper) is negatively charged.
  • the power generation element 209 is electrically polarized so that the electrode on one side (left side of the paper) is negatively charged and the electrode on the other side (right side of the paper) is electrostatically charged.
  • the power receiving unit 203 is a unit to which the electric power extracted from the power generating element 209 is supplied, and includes a power receiving capacitor 210 as a power receiving device.
  • the power receiving capacitor 210 is a device that receives and stores the electric power extracted from the power generation element 209, and is electrically connected to the power generation element 209 via a diode (not shown).
  • the power receiving unit 203 includes a power receiving capacitor 210 so that a voltage can be applied to the power generating element 209.
  • the first power storage unit 204 includes a first capacitor 211 for applying a voltage to the power generation element 209.
  • the first capacitor 211 is a known capacitor that is employed in an electric circuit, and is provided so as to be interposed in a first circuit (described later) of the conductive wire 206 so that electric energy can be stored.
  • the capacitance of the first capacitor 211 is not particularly limited, and is appropriately set according to the purpose and application.
  • the second power storage unit 205 includes a second capacitor 212 for applying a voltage to the power generation element 209 separately from the first capacitor 211.
  • the second capacitor 212 is a publicly known capacitor employed in an electric circuit, and is provided so as to be interposed in a second circuit (described later) of the conductive wire 206 so that electric energy can be stored.
  • the capacitance of the second capacitor 212 is not particularly limited, and is appropriately set according to the purpose and application.
  • the conducting wire 206 is connected to the power generation element 209, the power receiving capacitor 210, the first capacitor 211, and the second capacitor 212, and constitutes the first circuit A, the second circuit B, the third circuit C, and the fourth circuit D. Yes.
  • the first circuit A is a circuit configured in an annular portion of the conducting wire 206 so that the power generation element 209 and the first capacitor 211 are connected, and the power generation element 209 and the power reception capacitor 210 and the second capacitor 212 are not connected. (Refer to the two-dot chain line A in FIG. 14).
  • the second circuit B is a circuit configured in an annular portion of the conducting wire 206 so that the power generation element 209 and the second capacitor 212 are connected, and the power generation element 209, the power reception capacitor 210, and the first capacitor 211 are not connected. (See the two-dot chain line B in FIG. 14).
  • the third circuit C is configured in the annular portion of the conducting wire 206 so that the power generation element 209, the power receiving capacitor 210 and the first capacitor 211 are connected, and the power generation element 209 and the second capacitor 212 are not connected. This is a circuit (see a two-dot chain line C in FIG. 14).
  • the fourth circuit D is configured in an annular portion of the conducting wire 206 so that the power generation element 209, the power receiving capacitor 210 and the second capacitor 212 are connected, and the power generation element 209 and the first capacitor 211 are not connected. This is a circuit (see the two-dot chain line D in FIG. 14).
  • the first circuit A, the second circuit B, the third circuit C, and the fourth circuit D are configured by partially sharing the conductive wire 206.
  • the conductor 206 includes the first common conductor 221, the second common conductor 222, the third common conductor 223, the fourth common conductor 224, the fifth common conductor 225, and the sixth common conductor 226. And a seventh common conducting wire 227.
  • the first common conducting wire 221 is arranged so as to connect between the power receiving capacitor 210 and the first capacitor 211.
  • the second common conducting wire 222 is disposed so as to connect the first capacitor 211 and the second capacitor 212.
  • the third shared conducting wire 223 is disposed so as to connect the second capacitor 212 and the power receiving capacitor 210.
  • the fourth shared conducting wire 224 is provided so as to branch from the middle portion of the second shared conducting wire 222 and is disposed so as to connect the middle portion of the second shared conducting wire 222 and the power generation element 209. .
  • the fifth common conducting wire 225 is disposed so as to connect between the power generation element 209 and a switch 207 (described later).
  • the sixth shared conducting wire 226 is provided so as to branch from the middle portion of the first shared conducting wire 221 and is disposed so as to connect the middle portion of the first shared conducting wire 221 and the switch 207 (described later). ing.
  • the seventh common conducting wire 227 is provided so as to branch from the middle portion of the third common conducting wire 223, and is arranged so as to connect between the middle portion of the third common conducting wire 223 and the switch 207.
  • the fourth shared conductor 224 and the fifth shared conductor 225 are shared as the first circuit A, the second circuit B, the third circuit C, and the fourth circuit D in the vicinity of the power generation element 209. .
  • the fourth shared conductor 224 and the fifth shared conductor 225 constitute a part of the first circuit A, a part of the second circuit B, and a part of the third circuit C. And constitutes a part of the fourth circuit D.
  • a part of the first shared conducting wire 221 (specifically, a region between the connection portion of the sixth shared conducting wire 226 and the power receiving capacitor 210) and one of the third shared conducting wires 223.
  • the part (specifically, the region between the connection portion of the seventh common conducting wire 227 and the power receiving capacitor 210) is shared as the third circuit C and the fourth circuit D.
  • a part of the first shared conductor 221 (specifically, a region between the connection portion of the sixth shared conductor 226 and the power receiving capacitor 210) and a part of the third shared conductor 223 (specifically, The region between the connection portion of the seventh common conducting wire 227 and the power receiving capacitor 210) constitutes a part of the third circuit C and constitutes a part of the fourth circuit D.
  • a part of the first shared conducting wire 221 (specifically, a region between the connection portion of the sixth shared conducting wire 226 and the first capacitor 211) and the second shared conducting wire 222. (Specifically, a region between the connection portion of the seventh common conductor 227 and the first capacitor 211) is shared as the first circuit A and the third circuit C.
  • a part of the first shared conductor 221 (specifically, a region between the connection part of the sixth shared conductor 226 and the first capacitor 211) and a part of the second shared conductor 222 (specifically, The region between the connection portion of the seventh common conducting wire 227 and the first capacitor 211) constitutes a part of the first circuit A and a part of the third circuit C.
  • a part of the second shared conducting wire 222 (specifically, a region between the connection portion of the fourth shared conducting wire 224 and the second capacitor 212) and the third shared conducting wire 223. (Specifically, a region between the connection portion of the seventh common conducting wire 227 and the second capacitor 212) is shared as the second circuit B and the fourth circuit D.
  • a part of the second shared conductor 222 (specifically, a region between the connection portion of the fourth shared conductor 224 and the second capacitor 212) and a part of the third shared conductor 223 (specifically, , A region between the connection portion of the seventh common conducting wire 227 and the second capacitor 212) constitutes a part of the second circuit B and constitutes a part of the fourth circuit D.
  • sixth shared conductor 226 is shared as the first circuit A and the fourth circuit D.
  • the sixth common conducting wire 226 constitutes a part of the first circuit A and constitutes a part of the fourth circuit D.
  • the seventh common conductor 227 is shared as the second circuit B and the third circuit C.
  • the seventh shared conductor 227 constitutes a part of the second circuit B and constitutes a part of the third circuit C.
  • the switch 207 is a switch for opening / closing the conductive wire 206 and controlling (deciding the direction of) the current flow in the conductive wire 206, and is connected to the first circuit A, the second circuit B, the third circuit C, and the fourth circuit D. Intervened.
  • the switch 207 is provided so as to selectively construct (connect) between the fifth common conductor 225 and the sixth common conductor 226 and the seventh common conductor 227.
  • the switch 207 constructs (connects) the fifth shared conductor 225 and the sixth shared conductor 226 between the first state and the fifth shared conductor 225 and the seventh shared conductor 227. Two states can be switched.
  • the switch 207 places the first circuit A and the fourth circuit D in the closed state by constructing (connecting) the fifth shared conductor 225 and the sixth shared conductor 226. And the 2nd circuit B and the 3rd circuit D are made into an open state.
  • the switch 207 when the switch 207 is in the second state, the second circuit B and the third circuit C are closed by installing (connecting) between the fifth shared conductor 225 and the seventh shared conductor 227, and Then, the first circuit A and the fourth circuit D are opened.
  • Such a power generation circuit 201 extracts power from the power generation system 231 described below, specifically, the power generation element 209, and supplies the power to the power receiving unit 203, the first power storage unit 204, and the second power storage unit 205.
  • the power generation system 231 to be used it is preferably used.
  • the power generation system 231 includes the above-described power generation circuit 201, a heat source 232 that raises and lowers the temperature of the power generation element 209 in the power generation circuit 201 over time, and temperature detection means that detects the temperature of the power generation element 209.
  • a temperature sensor 233 and a control unit 234 as control means for controlling each switch of the power generation circuit 201 based on detection by the temperature sensor 233 are provided.
  • the electric power generation circuit 201 is shown typically.
  • the heat source 232 is not particularly limited as long as the temperature rises and falls over time, and examples thereof include various energy utilization devices such as the internal combustion engine described above and the light emitting device described above.
  • These heat sources 232 can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
  • the heat source 232 is preferably a heat source that periodically changes in temperature over time.
  • the heat source 232 is preferably an internal combustion engine.
  • Such a heat source 232 is disposed in contact with or close to the power generation element 209 in order to heat and / or cool the power generation element 209.
  • the temperature sensor 233 is provided close to or in contact with the power generation element 209 in order to detect the temperature of the power generation element 209.
  • the temperature sensor 233 directly detects the surface temperature of the power generation element 209 as the temperature of the power generation element 209 or detects the ambient temperature around the power generation element 209.
  • a known temperature sensor such as an infrared radiation thermometer or a thermocouple thermometer is used.
  • the control unit 234 is a unit (for example, ECU: Electronic Control Unit) that performs electrical control in the power generation system 231 and is configured by a microcomputer including a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, and the like.
  • the control unit 234 is electrically connected to the temperature sensor 233 and the switch 207 (see broken line).
  • the switch 207 is controlled in accordance with the temperature of the power generation element 209 detected by the temperature sensor 233, so that each circuit (conductor 206) in the power generation circuit 201 can be opened and closed. Yes.
  • electrical energy is accumulated so that the electrode on one side (upper side of the paper) of the first capacitor 211 and the second capacitor 212 is positively charged and the electrode on the other side (lower side of the paper) is negatively charged.
  • the method for storing electric energy is not particularly limited.
  • electric energy may be stored in advance from an external power source, or electric energy generated by electric polarization of the power generation element 209 may be stored. Good.
  • the magnitude of the electrical energy stored in the first capacitor 211 and the second capacitor 212 is appropriately set according to the purpose and application.
  • the temperature of the heat source 232 is changed over time, preferably periodically, so that the power generation element 209 is heated and heated by the heat source 232. / Or cool.
  • the temperature of the heat source 232 is, for example, 200 to 1200 ° C., preferably 700 to 900 ° C. in the high temperature state, and the temperature in the low temperature state is less than the temperature in the high temperature state, more specifically, for example, 100 to 800 ° C., preferably 200 to 500 ° C., and the temperature difference between the high temperature state and the low temperature state is, for example, 10 to 600 ° C., preferably 20 to 500 ° C.
  • the repetition cycle between the high temperature state and the low temperature state is, for example, 10 to 400 cycles / second, preferably 30 to 100 cycles / second.
  • the above-described power generation element 209 is preferably electrically polarized periodically.
  • the piezo element when a piezo element is used as the power generation element 209, for example, the piezo element is fixed by a fixing member around the piezo element, and contacts the heat source 232 or transmits the heat of the heat source 232. It arrange
  • the piezo element is heated or cooled (possibly via a heat medium (exhaust gas, light, etc.) as described above) due to a change in temperature of the heat source 232 over time, and thereby expands or contracts.
  • the piezo element is pressed by the fixing member and is electrically polarized by the piezo effect (piezoelectric effect) or phase transformation near the Curie point. .
  • such a piezo element is normally maintained in a heated state or a cooled state, and when its temperature becomes constant (that is, a constant volume), the electric polarization is neutralized, and then cooled or heated, Again, it is electrically polarized. Therefore, as described above, when the temperature of the heat source 232 periodically changes and the high temperature state and the low temperature state are periodically repeated, the piezoelectric element is periodically heated and cooled. Electrical polarization and its neutralization are repeated periodically.
  • the pyroelectric element When a pyroelectric element is used as the power generation element, the pyroelectric element contacts the heat source 232 or contacts a heat medium (exhaust gas, light, etc.) that transmits heat from the heat source 232 ( To be exposed). In such a case, the pyroelectric element is heated or cooled (possibly via a heat medium (exhaust gas, light, etc.) described above) due to a change in temperature of the heat source 232 over time, and its pyroelectric effect (first The electric polarization is caused by the first effect and the second effect.
  • a heat medium exhaust gas, light, etc.
  • Such pyroelectric elements are usually maintained in a heated state or a cooled state, and when the temperature becomes constant, the electric polarization is neutralized, and then cooled or heated again to be electrically polarized again. . Therefore, when the temperature of the heat source 232 periodically changes as described above and the high temperature state and the low temperature state are periodically repeated, the pyroelectric element is repeatedly heated and cooled periodically. The electrical polarization of the element and its neutralization are repeated periodically.
  • the power generation element 209 changes in temperature with time, and is electrically polarized in accordance with the temperature change.
  • the switch 207 is controlled by the control unit 234, and a voltage is applied to the power generation element 209 by the electric power generated by the power generation element 209.
  • the power generating element 209 is heated and the temperature is increased.
  • the power generation element 209 when the power generation element 209 is heated and the temperature rises, the power generation element 209 has a positive charge on one side (left side of the paper) and a negative charge on the other side (right side of the paper). And electric polarization.
  • the switch 207 is set to the first state, the first circuit A and the fourth circuit D are closed, and the second circuit B and the third circuit D are opened by the control of the control unit 234. State.
  • the electric energy (pyroelectric current) generated by the power generation element 209 is supplied to the power receiving capacitor 210 through the fourth circuit D as a current around the right side of the drawing (see arrow D).
  • the electric energy (pyroelectric current) generated by the power generation element 209 is accumulated in the first capacitor 211 via the first circuit A as a current around the left side of the drawing (see arrow A).
  • the power generation element 209 is cooled and the temperature is lowered by the control of the heat source 232.
  • the power generation element 209 is electrically charged so that the electrode on one side (left side of the paper) is positively charged and the electrode on the other side (right side of the paper) is negatively charged due to the effect of heating in (1). Polarized.
  • the switch 207 is set to the second state, the first circuit A and the fourth circuit D are opened, and the second circuit B and the third circuit C are closed by the control of the control unit 234. State.
  • the electrical energy accumulated in the second capacitor 212 is supplied to the power generation element 209 as a current around the right side of the drawing via the second circuit B (see arrow B).
  • the electric energy stored in the power receiving capacitor 210 is supplied to the power generation element 209 via the third circuit C. That is, a voltage is applied to the power generation element 209.
  • the power generation element 209 is cooled following the above (2).
  • the power generation element 209 when the power generation element 209 is cooled and the temperature is lowered, the power generation element 209 is negatively charged on one side (left side of the paper) and electrostatically charged on the other side (right side of the paper). It is electrically polarized to take on.
  • the switch 207 is set to the second state, the first circuit A and the fourth circuit D are opened, and the second circuit B and the third circuit C are set to the open state. Closed.
  • the electric energy (pyroelectric current) generated by the power generation element 209 is supplied to the power receiving capacitor 210 through the third circuit C as a current around the right side of the drawing (see arrow C).
  • the electric energy (pyroelectric current) generated by the power generation element 209 is accumulated in the second capacitor 212 as a current around the left side of the drawing via the second circuit B (see arrow B).
  • the power generation element 209 is heated and the temperature is increased under the control of the heat source 232.
  • the power generation element 209 is electrically charged so that the electrode on one side (left side of the paper) is negatively charged and the electrode on the other side (right side of the paper) is charged with electrostatic charge due to the cooling effect in (3). Polarized.
  • the switch 207 is set to the first state, the first circuit A and the fourth circuit D are closed, and the second circuit B and the third circuit C are opened by the control of the control unit 234. State.
  • the electrical energy accumulated in the first capacitor 211 is supplied to the power generation element 209 as the current around the right side of the drawing via the first circuit A (see arrow A).
  • the electric energy stored in the power receiving capacitor 210 is supplied to the power generation element 209 via the fourth circuit D. That is, a voltage is applied to the power generation element 209.
  • the switch 207 is set to the first state by the control of the control unit 234 as shown in (1), and the first circuit A and The fourth circuit D is closed, and the second circuit B and the third circuit D are opened. In this way, the processes (1) to (4) are repeated, electric power is extracted from the power generation element 209, and the electric power is supplied to the power receiving capacitor 210 (power receiving unit 203).
  • voltage can be applied to the power generation element 209 using energy generated in the power generation unit 202. Electric power can be taken out efficiently.
  • the power generation element 209 may be damaged.
  • a voltage is applied to the power generation element 209 by the first capacitor 211 and the second capacitor 212. Therefore, the voltage to be applied can be selected and designed by selecting and designing the capacitances of the first capacitor 211 and the second capacitor 212. As a result, application of an excessive voltage to the power generation element 209 can be suppressed, and damage to the power generation element 209 can be suppressed.
  • the voltage applied when the power generating element 209 is heated and the voltage applied when the power generating element 209 is cooled are: It can design individually, can suppress applying an excessive voltage to the power generation element 209, and can suppress damage to the power generation element 209.
  • such a power generation system 231 is not particularly limited, but is mounted on, for example, an automobile.
  • the power generation element 209 is disposed, for example, inside or on the surface of the branch pipe in the exhaust manifold of the automobile, and the automobile engine and exhaust gas are used as the heat source 232. Then, the temperature of the exhaust gas is increased or decreased over time according to the combustion cycle of the engine, the power generation element 209 is heated and / or cooled, and the power generation system 231 generates power.
  • the obtained electric power may be stored in a battery, may be used in an electric load device such as a headlight, and may be used as power for an automobile.
  • the power receiving unit 203 includes a capacitor (power receiving capacitor 210) as a power receiving device that receives power generated by the power generation element 209.
  • the power receiving capacitor 210 may be replaced with a power storage device such as a battery or an electric load device such as a lighting device.
  • the power generation circuit 201 may include a known electrical device such as a booster, a voltage converter, or an inductor at an arbitrary place as necessary.
  • the configuration of the conducting wire 206 is not limited to the above.
  • the first circuit A, the second circuit B, the third circuit C, and the fourth circuit D are configured independently of each other.
  • a plurality of conductors 206 may be provided.
  • the conducting wire 206 includes a first independent conducting wire 241 that constitutes the first circuit A, a second independent conducting wire 242 that constitutes the second circuit B, a third independent conducting wire 243 that constitutes the third circuit C, 4th independent conducting wire 244 which constitutes the 4th circuit D is provided.
  • the first independent conducting wire 241 is provided as an annular conducting wire in which the power generating element 209 and the first capacitor 211 are interposed (connected), and the power receiving capacitor 210 and the second capacitor 212 are not interposed (connected).
  • the second independent conducting wire 242 is provided as an annular conducting wire in which the power generating element 209 and the second capacitor 212 are interposed (connected), and the power receiving capacitor 210 and the first capacitor 211 are not interposed (connected).
  • the third independent conducting wire 243 is provided as an annular conducting wire in which the power generating element 209, the power receiving capacitor 210, and the first capacitor 211 are interposed (connected) and the second capacitor 212 is not interposed (connected).
  • the fourth independent conducting wire 244 is provided as an annular conducting wire in which the power generation element 209, the power receiving capacitor 210 and the second capacitor 212 are interposed (connected), and the first capacitor 211 is not interposed (connected).
  • the switch 207 is individually provided for each of the first independent conducting wire 241, the second independent conducting wire 242, the third independent conducting wire 243, and the fourth independent conducting wire 244.
  • voltage can be applied to the power generation element 209 using energy generated in the power generation unit 202. Therefore, it is not necessary to input power from the outside, and power is efficiently extracted from the power generation element 209. be able to.
  • the power generation system and power generation circuit of the present invention include various energy utilization devices such as internal combustion engines such as automobile engines, heat exchangers such as boilers and air conditioning equipment, electric engines such as generators and motors, and light emitting devices such as lighting. Etc. are preferably used.

Landscapes

  • General Electrical Machinery Utilizing Piezoelectricity, Electrostriction Or Magnetostriction (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention porte sur un système de génération d'énergie (1) qui comporte : une source de chaleur (2), dont la température fluctue avec l'écoulement du temps ; un premier dispositif polarisé électriquement (3), dont la température fluctue avec l'écoulement du temps en fonction du changement de température de la source de chaleur (2) ; un second dispositif (4) destiné à former un circuit qui est configuré pour extraire une énergie électrique du premier dispositif (3) ; un capteur de température (8) destiné à détecter la température du premier dispositif (3) ; un dispositif d'application de tension (9) configuré pour appliquer une tension positive ou négative au premier dispositif (3) ; et une unité de commande (10) destinée à commander le dispositif d'application de tension en fonction de la température du premier dispositif (3) telle que détectée par le capteur de température (8). L'unité de commande (10) commande le dispositif d'application de tension (9) de telle sorte qu'une tension positive est appliquée au premier dispositif (3) lorsque le premier dispositif (3) est dans un état de montée en température, et une tension négative est appliquée au premier dispositif (3) lorsque le premier dispositif (3) est dans un état de chute de température.
PCT/JP2015/068886 2014-06-30 2015-06-30 Système de génération d'énergie et circuit de génération d'énergie WO2016002805A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2014-134732 2014-06-30
JP2014134732 2014-06-30
JP2014-200334 2014-09-30
JP2014200334A JP6355504B2 (ja) 2014-09-30 2014-09-30 発電回路および発電システム
JP2014221496A JP6368619B2 (ja) 2014-06-30 2014-10-30 発電システム
JP2014-221496 2014-10-30
JP2014-265524 2014-12-26
JP2014265524A JP6422337B2 (ja) 2014-12-26 2014-12-26 発電回路および発電システム

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WO2016002805A1 true WO2016002805A1 (fr) 2016-01-07

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017159180A1 (fr) * 2016-03-18 2017-09-21 株式会社日立製作所 Dispositif de génération d'énergie électrique

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013031774A1 (fr) * 2011-08-31 2013-03-07 ダイハツ工業株式会社 Système de génération de puissance
JP2014042420A (ja) * 2012-08-23 2014-03-06 Asahi Kasei Electronics Co Ltd 昇圧型スイッチ
WO2014069045A1 (fr) * 2012-10-31 2014-05-08 ダイハツ工業株式会社 Système de production d'électricité

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013031774A1 (fr) * 2011-08-31 2013-03-07 ダイハツ工業株式会社 Système de génération de puissance
JP2014042420A (ja) * 2012-08-23 2014-03-06 Asahi Kasei Electronics Co Ltd 昇圧型スイッチ
WO2014069045A1 (fr) * 2012-10-31 2014-05-08 ダイハツ工業株式会社 Système de production d'électricité

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017159180A1 (fr) * 2016-03-18 2017-09-21 株式会社日立製作所 Dispositif de génération d'énergie électrique

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