WO2016000122A1 - 一种比特处理方法、装置及系统 - Google Patents

一种比特处理方法、装置及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016000122A1
WO2016000122A1 PCT/CN2014/081144 CN2014081144W WO2016000122A1 WO 2016000122 A1 WO2016000122 A1 WO 2016000122A1 CN 2014081144 W CN2014081144 W CN 2014081144W WO 2016000122 A1 WO2016000122 A1 WO 2016000122A1
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Prior art keywords
subcarrier
bits
snr
mapping relationship
coded
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PCT/CN2014/081144
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
潘稻
何孝月
刘建华
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华为技术有限公司
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Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2014/081144 priority Critical patent/WO2016000122A1/zh
Priority to CN201480033302.7A priority patent/CN105393514B/zh
Publication of WO2016000122A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016000122A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26Systems using multi-frequency codes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a bit processing method, apparatus, and system.
  • Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing is a multi-carrier transmission technology in the environment of mobile communication technology. It has excellent anti-multipath and anti-frequency selective fading characteristics in digital video/audio broadcasting.
  • DVD-T/DAB wireless LAN
  • IEEE802. il Serial, Hiper-LAN/2
  • DSL Digital Subscriber Line
  • the signal experiences frequency selective fading over the entire system bandwidth, and the fading on different subcarriers is different. Therefore, it is necessary to select a suitable modulation mode for different subcarriers to improve the transmission rate of the system and the system transmission. reliability.
  • each subcarrier can load more information bits, fully utilize the channel capacity of each carrier, and improve the spectrum utilization of the system.
  • various digital subscriber line (xDSL) systems are generally improved by channel coding and channel coding modulation techniques using Reed-Solomon coding (RTM, Trellis-Coded-Modulation). Spectrum utilization.
  • RTM Reed-Solomon coding
  • RS+TCM channel coding modulation technology
  • bit code modulation first obtain the signal to noise ratio of each subcarrier, and then calculate and determine each sub according to the correspondence formula between the signal to noise ratio and the number of loaded bits.
  • the signal to noise ratio SNR, Signal to Noise
  • Ratio The granularity, ie the signal-to-noise ratio interval, is approximately 3 dB.
  • the system Since the current sub-carriers in the system are fixedly coded and modulated with the same number of coded bits, the granularity of the signal-to-noise ratio required by the system is always large and cannot be reduced; therefore, when the signal-to-noise ratio of the subcarriers is in the system loading adjacent When the integer bit is required between the signal-to-noise ratios, the system can only perform bit loading on the sub-carrier according to the smaller integer of the adjacent integer, so that the sub-carrier has a partial signal-to-noise ratio and cannot load the bit. The function makes the system unable to directly implement finer bit loading, and the channel capacity utilization is low, resulting in low spectrum utilization of the system.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a bit processing method, apparatus, and system, which solve the SNR required for bit loading in an application scenario where a channel has a relatively high frequency selectivity (such as an xDSL system, a Cable system, and a part of a wireless communication system).
  • the invention has the advantages of high granularity, which makes it impossible to achieve finer bit loading, and the spectrum utilization of the system is low.
  • the invention can reduce the SNR granularity required for bit loading, achieve finer bit loading, and thereby improve the spectrum utilization of the system. .
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a bit processing method, including: acquiring a signal to noise ratio SNR of at least one subcarrier;
  • the encoded data stream is code modulated.
  • the mapping relationship is represented by a mapping relationship table, in the mapping relationship table, a one-to-many mapping between a number of subcarrier loading bits and a coded bit number, and a sub A one-to-one mapping between the SNR of the carrier and the number of coded bits.
  • the indication message is a central office-physical medium dependent 0-PMD message or a client-physical medium dependent R-PMD message.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a bit processing apparatus, including: an acquiring unit, configured to acquire a signal to noise ratio SNR of at least one subcarrier;
  • a determining unit configured to determine, according to a preset mapping relationship, a number of coded bits of each subcarrier corresponding to an SNR of each of the at least one subcarrier acquired by the acquiring unit, and a number of loaded bits, where
  • the preset mapping relationship includes a preset number of subcarrier loading bits corresponding to the SNR of the subcarrier, and a number of subcarrier encoding bits
  • a sending unit configured to send the indication information to the peer device, where the indication information includes at least the Determining, by the unit, the number of coded bits and the number of loaded bits of each of the subcarriers, so that the peer device performs code modulation on the coded data stream according to the number of coded bits and the number of loaded bits of each of the subcarriers.
  • the mapping relationship is represented by a mapping relationship table.
  • the mapping relationship table a one-to-many mapping between a number of subcarrier loading bits and a number of encoding bits, and a sub A one-to-one mapping between the SNR of the carrier and the number of coded bits.
  • the indication message sent by the sending unit is a central-physical medium dependent 0-PMD message or a client-physical medium dependent R-PMD message.
  • the bit processing device may be It can be a central transceiver or a client transceiver.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a bit processing apparatus, including: a receiver, configured to acquire a signal to noise ratio SNR of at least one subcarrier;
  • a processor configured to determine, according to a preset mapping relationship, a number of coded bits of each subcarrier corresponding to S NR of each of the at least one subcarrier acquired by the receiver, and a number of loaded bits, where
  • the preset mapping relationship includes a preset number of subcarrier loading bits corresponding to the S NR of the subcarrier, and a number of subcarrier encoding bits.
  • the transmitter is configured to send the indication information to the peer device, where the indication information is at least And the number of coded bits and the number of loaded bits of each subcarrier determined by the processor, so that the peer device performs code modulation on the coded data stream according to the number of coded bits and the number of loaded bits of each of the subcarriers.
  • the mapping relationship is represented by a mapping relationship table.
  • the mapping relationship table a one-to-many mapping between a number of subcarrier loading bits and a coded bit number, and a sub A one-to-one mapping between the SNR of the carrier and the number of coded bits.
  • the indication message sent by the sender is a central-physical medium dependent 0-PMD message or a client-physical medium dependent R-PMD message.
  • the bit processing device may It can be a central transceiver or a client transceiver.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a bit processing system, including a central office transceiver and a client transceiver, where the central office transceiver is connected to the client transceiver through a twisted pair, where the office
  • the terminal transceiver and/or the client transceiver each include the bit processing device of the foregoing second aspect, or the central transceiver and/or the client transceiver each include the foregoing third aspect The bit processing device described.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a bit processing method, apparatus, and system.
  • the bit processing apparatus first acquires a signal to noise ratio SNR of at least one subcarrier, and then determines an SNR of each subcarrier with at least one subcarrier according to a preset mapping relationship.
  • the processing device sends the indication information including the number of coded bits and the number of loaded bits of each subcarrier to the peer device, so that the peer device performs code modulation on the coded data stream according to the number of coded bits and the number of loaded bits of each subcarrier.
  • the bit processing device determines the number of coded bits of each subcarrier according to a preset mapping relationship, and loads the number of bits, and the mapping relationship can be configured according to requirements in advance, and therefore, the bit processing device determines Per subcarrier
  • the number of coded bits can flexibly require actual requirements. Further, a one-to-many mapping between the number of subcarriers loaded bits and the number of coded bits in a preset mapping relationship, and a one-to-one mapping between the SNR of the subcarriers and the number of coded bits
  • the preset number of subcarrier coded bits corresponding to the SNR of each subcarrier may be different.
  • the bit processing apparatus adjusts the number of coded bits of each subcarrier in the system, so that the peer device encodes and modulates the number of coded bits that are not identical to each subcarrier in the system, and the bit processing device adjusts each subunit in the system.
  • the number of coded bits of the carrier changes the spectrum utilization of each subcarrier, which can reduce the SNR granularity required for bit loading and achieve finer bit loading, thereby improving the spectrum utilization of the system.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart 1 of a bit processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a constellation diagram 1 in a bit processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a constellation diagram 2 in a bit processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram 1 of a bit processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram 2 of a bit processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a bit processing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing is a multi-carrier transmission technology in the mobile communication technology environment. It has good resistance to multipath and frequency selective fading. OFDM divides the entire transmission channel into a plurality of subcarriers having a sufficiently narrow bandwidth, and transmits information in parallel through these subcarriers, that is, each OFDM symbol includes a plurality of subcarriers through which information is transmitted in parallel. In a wideband OFDM system, the signal experiences frequency selective fading over the entire system bandwidth, and the fading on different subcarriers is different. Therefore, it is necessary to select a suitable modulation mode for different subcarriers to improve the transmission rate of the system and the system transmission. reliability.
  • OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
  • information is modulated on multiple subcarriers using various Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) schemes on each subcarrier.
  • QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
  • some subcarriers may use QAM16 (ie, 4-bit information), some adopt QAM32 (ie, 5-bit information), some adopt QAM1024 (ie, 10-bit information), and some adopt QAM4096 (ie, 12-bit information) to modulate, specifically Which QAM modulation method is selected depends on the transmission characteristics of the subcarriers, such as signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), bit error rate (BER), and bit loading determination according to the Shannon formula.
  • SNR signal-to-noise ratio
  • BER bit error rate
  • Shannon formula bit loading determination according to the Shannon formula.
  • the number of information bits transmitted by a subcarrier at a certain error rate is determined according to the following Shannon formula:
  • is the maximum number of bits that can be loaded in a single subcarrier within a 0FDM symbol
  • is a letter
  • the noise ratio difference this value is related to the bit error rate and modulation mode.
  • channel coding is usually introduced, and a certain degree of redundancy is added to the information.
  • N is the coded codeword length
  • K is the added redundancy
  • a channel coding with excellent performance can improve the anti-error capability of the system on the one hand, and improve the information transmission rate of the communication system on the other hand, that is, under the condition of reaching a certain bit error rate, channel coding technology can be used in the noisy channel. Reliable communication with a smaller signal-to-noise ratio, so for the same signal-to-noise ratio, using channel coding After the code technique, more information bits can be loaded.
  • the system performance margin factor is introduced to the Shannon formula. Under the given signal-to-noise ratio, signal-to-noise ratio difference, data rate and certain bit error rate AWGN channel, if the signal-to-noise ratio is reduced by a certain amount. Quantity, the system can still achieve reliable communication at a given bit error rate.
  • bit rate of the actual transmission of the system can be further expressed as:
  • the channel coding and channel coding modulation techniques of the RS+TCM are generally used, and the system performance margin factor is 0. 1585 (corresponding to 8dB coding performance), and ⁇ is equal to 9. 5499 (corresponding to a signal-to-noise ratio difference of 9. 8dB) ), load 1-15 bits, calculate the required signal noise according to the relationship between the number of loaded bits and the required signal-to-noise ratio, as shown in Table 1 (here, there is no SNR margin, the actual system bits)
  • the load also reserves a certain signal-to-noise margin to counter the noise.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a bit processing method, apparatus, and system, which adjusts the spectrum utilization rate of each subcarrier by adjusting the number of coded bits of each subcarrier, reduces the SNR granularity required for bit loading, and implements finer bits. Load, which in turn increases the spectrum utilization of the system.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a bit processing method. As shown in FIG. 1, the method includes:
  • the bit processing device acquires a signal to noise ratio SNR of at least one subcarrier.
  • the bit processing device may be a client transceiver or a central office transceiver, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the data stream to be encoded in the embodiment of the invention may be the data stream to be encoded in the uplink direction or the data stream to be encoded in the downlink direction. Regardless of whether the data stream to be encoded is in the uplink direction or the downlink direction, the principle and method for the bit processing device to determine the number of coded bits and the number of bits to be loaded are the same, which will not be described in detail in the embodiments of the present invention.
  • the bit processing device when the system is powered on, the bit processing device first acquires the SNR of the at least one subcarrier, so that the bit processing device determines the loading bit number and the encoding of the at least one subcarrier in the system according to the acquired at least one SNR. The number of bits.
  • the at least one subcarrier in the embodiment of the present invention is a carrier used for communication between the peer device and the bit processing device, and the peer device is a device disposed opposite to the bit processing device.
  • the peer device may be a client transceiver; if the bit processing device is a client transceiver, the peer device may be a central office transceiver.
  • the bit processing apparatus determines, according to a preset mapping relationship, a number of coded bits of each subcarrier corresponding to an SNR of each of the at least one subcarrier, and a number of loaded bits.
  • the preset mapping relationship includes a preset number of subcarrier loading bits corresponding to the SNR of the subcarrier, and a number of subcarrier encoding bits.
  • the bit processing method provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be implemented on the premise that the preset mapping relationship exists.
  • the preset mapping relationship specifically includes the maintenance personnel directly setting according to the experience value and/or the network requirement, or the mapping relationship sent by the other device and being saved locally.
  • mapping relationship in the embodiment of the present invention is implemented by using a mapping relationship table, and may be embodied in other manners, which is not limited by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the mapping relationship table includes at least a signal to noise ratio SNR of the subcarrier, a number of subcarrier loading bits corresponding to a signal to noise ratio SNR of the subcarrier, and a number of subcarrier encoding bits, where the mapping relationship table is stored in the bit processing apparatus, and This table is obtained by prior precision testing.
  • mapping relationship table is compared with the subcarrier coding ratio
  • the mapping relationship between the special numbers is a one-to-many mapping
  • mapping relationship between the signal-to-noise ratio SNR of the subcarriers and the number of subcarrier encoded bits is a one-to-one mapping.
  • the number of loaded bits of the subcarrier in the system is at least 6 bits, and the number of loaded bits of the subcarrier is from The 8-bit start is taken as an example.
  • the preset mapping table in the system is shown in Table 2:
  • represents the signal-to-noise ratio of the subcarrier
  • represents the number of loaded bits of the subcarrier corresponding to 5 ⁇ , representing the number of encoded bits corresponding to .
  • mapping relationship table when the value of the number of loaded bits of the subcarrier is fixed, there is a correspondence between the number of coded bits bc ⁇ of the two subcarriers in the table, that is, the subcarrier in the mapping relationship table.
  • the number of loaded bits and the number of coded bits of the subcarrier are one-to-many mapping; when the signal-to-noise ratio of the subcarrier is fixed, there is a unique be, which corresponds to the signal-to-noise ratio of the subcarrier and the number of subcarrier encoded bits. For one-to-one mapping.
  • the number of loaded bits of the subcarrier is 9, the number of subcarriers encoded by the number of subcarriers be, may be 6 or 4; if the signal to noise ratio of the subcarrier is 5 ⁇ ,.
  • the number of coded bits corresponding to the signal to noise ratio is only 4.
  • the bit processing apparatus selects, according to the SNR of each subcarrier in the at least one subcarrier, the interval SNRi, SNR i+ in the preset bit table. l ], determining the number of loading bits of each subcarrier is corresponding to the number of encoding bits of the corresponding loading bit number and 5 ⁇ ,. Number of code bits
  • the bit processing device finds 30. 8 dB in [3. 3dB, 31.8dB]. Interval, and determine that the number of loaded bits of subcarrier 1 is 10 bits, and the number of corresponding LDPC coded bits is 6 bits.
  • the granularity of the bit-loaded SNR is 1.5 dB, which is larger than the existing integer-based number.
  • the granularity of the SNR when the bit is bit-loaded to the subcarrier is small. In this way, a more elaborate bit loading is achieved.
  • the bit processing device can reduce the SNR granularity of the bit loading by using the number of coded bits of each subcarrier in the system, thereby achieving finer bit loading, thereby improving the spectrum utilization of the system. .
  • the bit processing apparatus sends the indication information to the peer device.
  • the indication information includes at least the number of loaded bits and the number of encoded bits of each subcarrier.
  • the bit processing apparatus After determining the number of loaded bits per subcarrier and the number of encoded bits per subcarrier in the system, the bit processing apparatus will include the determined number of loaded bits per subcarrier and the encoding of each subcarrier in the initialization phase.
  • the indication information of the number of bits is sent to the peer device, so that the peer device performs code modulation on the data stream to be encoded according to the indication information in the activation phase.
  • the indication information is a local-physical medium dependent (0-PMD, 0NU/C0-Physical Medium Dependent) message, or a R-PMD (Remote-Physical Medium Dependent) message.
  • the 0-PMD message contains the initial settings of the PMD parameters that should be used in the upstream direction during activation.
  • the message may be a field added to the existing domain of the 0-PMD message in the existing VDSL2 standard G.993.2.
  • the parameters included in the message are shown in Table 3: table 3
  • the "message type" is a byte of the message code
  • the "number of loaded bits per subcarrier, the number of encoded bits and the power gain factor” parameter includes the number of loaded bits per subcarrier of the subcarrier set MEDLEYus. Be,. and the value of the power gain factor.
  • the number of bits allocated to the uplink subcarrier for the UE transmitting unit is the number of coded bits corresponding to the uplink subcarrier, g, which is the relative allocation of the subcarrier to the UE.
  • the power gain factor when transmitting the remote periodic signal ( RP-MEDLEY ).
  • the 0-PMD message in the embodiment of the present invention may not include the power gain factor g of each sub-carrier, that is, the field of the second field of the message includes only the number of loading bits of each sub-carrier and The number of coded bits.
  • the R-PMD contains the initial settings of the PMD parameters that should be used in the downstream direction during activation.
  • the parameters included in the message are as shown in Table 3.
  • the "message type” is a byte of the message code
  • the "number of loaded bits per subcarrier, the number of coded bits and the power gain factor” parameter includes the number of loaded bits of each subcarrier in the subcarrier set MEDLEYus.
  • the value of the power gain factor gi is the value of the power gain factor gi .
  • is the number of bits allocated to the downlink subcarrier i, which is the number of coded bits corresponding to the downlink subcarrier, and is allocated to each subcarrier by the central office for the central office transmitting unit (xTU-0, Transmiter Unit at the 0NU/C0). Relative to the power gain factor when transmitting the central office periodic signal (0-P-MEDLEY).
  • the P-PMD message in the embodiment of the present invention may not include the power gain factor g of each subcarrier, that is, the field of the second field of the message includes only the number of loaded bits and the coded bit of each subcarrier. number.
  • the bit processing device in the embodiment of the present invention may be a client transceiver
  • the data stream to be encoded in the embodiment of the present invention may be the data stream to be encoded in the uplink direction or the data stream to be encoded in the downlink direction. Therefore, when the data stream to be encoded is the data stream to be encoded in the uplink direction, the peer device in the embodiment of the present invention may be a client transceiver; when the data stream to be encoded is a data stream to be encoded in the downlink direction, the present invention
  • the peer device in the embodiment may be a central office transceiver. That is to say, the embodiment of the present invention does not specifically limit the peer device.
  • the peer device encodes and modulates the data stream to be coded according to the number of loading bits and the number of coded bits of each subcarrier in the indication message.
  • the peer device uses the LCM layered coding modulation technique to code and modulate the encoded data stream.
  • the peer device determines the data stream encoded by the L DPC encoding method in the data stream to be encoded according to the number of loading bits and the number of encoding bits of each subcarrier, and performs LDPC encoding on the data stream, and then the peer device adopts LDPC.
  • the coded encoded data stream and the uncoded data stream in the data stream to be encoded are subjected to quadrature amplitude modulation to generate symbols, and finally, the peer device outputs the generated symbols.
  • the peer device when orthogonal amplitude modulation is performed, the peer device separately extracts data from the data stream encoded by the LDPC coding method and the uncoded data stream to perform mapping.
  • the peer device maps the data stream encoded by the LDPC encoding method to the lower bits of each subcarrier, the uncoded data stream is mapped to the upper bits of each subcarrier, and the upper uncoded bits of each subcarrier are maximized by the coset technique. European distance. In this way, the coding gain of the system can be improved and good system performance can be maintained.
  • LCM layer coded modulation 6 4 QAM is taken as an example, wherein the lower 4 bits ( b 3 b 2 blb Q ) are LDP C coded bits, and the high 2 bits (a 1 a 0) are uncoded bits.
  • the constellation diagram obtained by the LCM layered code modulation technique is shown in Fig. 1.
  • the four points in the black circle part of Fig. 2 are the cosets of uncoded bits, that is, the lower L DPC coded bits are the same, the high uncoded bits constitute a coset, and the Euclidean distance between the concentrated points and points is maximized. Chemical.
  • the demapping apparatus first determines the set of the upper uncoded bits according to the decoding bits of the lower LDPC, and then determines which point in the set according to the minimum Euclidean distance in the determined set, Map high Bit.
  • the symbol is sent by the peer device to the bit processing device in the embodiment of the present invention, and the bit processing device first decodes the low-order coded bit of the sub-carrier according to the received symbol, and then the bit processing device is in the preset constellation diagram. Determining, according to the low-order bits of the obtained sub-carrier, a set of high-order bits of the sub-carrier, and further determining a high-order bit of the sub-carrier in the set according to a minimum Euclidean distance criterion.
  • the coset technique formed by coding and modulating the subcarriers in the system by the number of loading bits and the number of encoding bits of each subcarrier determined by the peer device according to the embodiment of the present invention is utilized.
  • the bit processing device acquires the lower bit (1 0 ) of point A in the figure, and then determines, according to the lower bit, that the high order bit of point A is in the figure B, C, D, and 0.
  • the coset of points constitutes, according to the minimum Euclidean distance preparation, the bit processing means determines that the high order bit of A is the same as the high order bit of point B (since point B is closest to point A in this coset).
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a bit processing method.
  • the bit processing apparatus first acquires a signal to noise ratio S NR of at least one subcarrier, and then determines, according to a preset mapping relationship, each SNR corresponding to each subcarrier of at least one subcarrier.
  • the indication information including the number of coded bits and the number of loaded bits of each subcarrier is sent to the peer device, so that the peer device performs code modulation on the coded data stream according to the number of coded bits and the number of loaded bits of each subcarrier.
  • the bit processing device determines the number of coded bits of each subcarrier according to a preset mapping relationship, and the number of loaded bits, and a pair of subcarrier loading bits and the number of encoded bits in the preset mapping relationship Multiple mapping, and one-to-one mapping between the S NR of the subcarrier and the number of coded bits, that is, the preset number of subcarrier coded bits corresponding to S NR of each subcarrier is not completely the same, therefore, the bit processing device The determined number of coded bits of each subcarrier is not completely the same, so that the bit processing device adjusts the number of coded bits of each subcarrier in the system, so that the peer device uses not the same number of coded bits for each subcarrier in the system.
  • the bit processing device adjusts the number of coded bits of each subcarrier in the system to change the spectrum utilization of each subcarrier, which can reduce the SNR granularity required for bit loading, and achieve finer bit loading, thereby improving spectrum utilization of the system. rate.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a bit processing apparatus 1.
  • the bit processing apparatus 1 includes:
  • the obtaining unit 10 is configured to obtain a signal to noise ratio SNR of at least one subcarrier.
  • the determining unit 11 is configured to determine, according to the preset mapping relationship, the number of coded bits of each subcarrier corresponding to the SNR of each of the at least one subcarrier acquired by the acquiring unit 10, and the number of loaded bits,
  • the preset mapping relationship includes a preset number of subcarrier loading bits corresponding to the SNR of the subcarrier, and a number of subcarrier encoding bits.
  • the sending unit 12 is configured to send the indication information to the peer device, where the indication information includes at least the number of coded bits and the number of loaded bits of each of the subcarriers determined by the determining unit 11, so that the peer device according to the The number of coded bits and the number of loaded bits per subcarrier are coded and modulated.
  • mapping relationship table a one-to-many mapping between the number of subcarrier loading bits and the number of encoding bits, and a ratio between the SNR of the subcarrier and the number of encoded bits For a map.
  • the indication message sent by the sending unit is a central-physical medium dependent 0-PMD message or a client-physical medium dependent R-PMD message.
  • bit processing device may be a central office transceiver or a user transceiver.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a bit processing apparatus, where the bit processing apparatus first acquires a signal to noise ratio SNR of at least one subcarrier, and then determines, according to a preset mapping relationship, each SNR corresponding to each subcarrier of at least one subcarrier.
  • the indication information of the number is sent to the peer device, so that the peer device encodes and modulates the data stream to be encoded according to the number of coded bits and the number of loaded bits of each subcarrier.
  • the bit processing device determines the number of coded bits of each subcarrier according to a preset mapping relationship, and the number of loaded bits, and a pair of subcarrier loading bits and the number of encoded bits in the preset mapping relationship Multiple mapping, and the one-to-one mapping between the SNR of the subcarrier and the number of coded bits, that is, the preset number of subcarrier coded bits corresponding to the SNR of each subcarrier is not completely the same, and therefore, the bit processing device determines The number of coded bits of each subcarrier is not completely the same, so that the bit processing device adjusts the number of coded bits of each subcarrier in the system, so that the peer device encodes the number of coded bits that are not identical for each subcarrier in the system.
  • the bit processing device adjusts the number of coded bits of each subcarrier in the system to change the spectrum utilization of each subcarrier, which can reduce the SNR granularity required for bit loading, and achieve finer bit loading, thereby improving the system. Spectrum utilization.
  • the bit processing apparatus may include a receiver 20, a processor 21, a transmitter 22, a memory 23, and a system bus 24, where
  • Receiver 20, processor 21, transmitter 22 and memory 23 are connected by system bus 24 and communicate with each other.
  • Processor 11 may be a single core or multi-core central processing unit, or a particular integrated circuit, or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement embodiments of the present invention.
  • the memory 23 may be a high speed RAM (random access memory) memory or a non-volatile memory such as at least one disk memory.
  • the memory 23 is configured to store a preset mapping table and the number of loaded bits and the encoding bit determined by the bit processing device based on the signal to noise ratio of the subcarriers.
  • the bit processing apparatus may be a client transceiver or a central office transceiver, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the receiver 20 is configured to acquire a signal to noise ratio SNR of at least one subcarrier.
  • the processor 2 1 is configured to determine, according to a preset mapping relationship, a number of coded bits of each subcarrier corresponding to an SNR of each of the at least one subcarrier acquired by the receiver 20, And loading the number of bits, where the preset mapping relationship includes a preset number of subcarrier loading bits corresponding to the SNR of the subcarrier, and a number of subcarrier encoding bits.
  • the transmitter 22 is configured to send the indication information to the peer device, where the indication information includes at least the number of encoded bits and the number of loaded bits of each of the subcarriers determined by the processor 21, so that the pair
  • the end device encodes and modulates the data stream to be encoded according to the number of coded bits and the number of loaded bits of each subcarrier.
  • mapping relationship table a one-to-many mapping between the number of subcarrier loading bits and the number of encoding bits, and a ratio between the SNR of the subcarrier and the number of encoded bits For a map.
  • the indication message sent by the sender is a central-physical medium dependent 0-PMD message or a client-physical medium dependent R-PMD message.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a bit processing apparatus, where the bit processing apparatus first acquires a signal to noise ratio SNR of at least one subcarrier, and then determines, according to a preset mapping relationship, each SNR corresponding to each subcarrier of at least one subcarrier.
  • the bit processing apparatus sends The indication information of the number of coded bits and the number of loaded bits of each subcarrier is included to the peer device, so that the peer device performs code modulation on the coded data stream according to the number of coded bits and the number of loaded bits of each subcarrier.
  • the bit processing device determines the number of coded bits of each subcarrier according to a preset mapping relationship, and the number of loaded bits, and a pair of subcarrier loading bits and the number of encoded bits in the preset mapping relationship Multiple mapping, and one-to-one mapping between the S NR of the subcarrier and the number of coded bits, that is, the preset number of subcarrier coded bits corresponding to S NR of each subcarrier is not completely the same, therefore, the bit processing device The determined number of coded bits of each subcarrier is not completely the same, so that the bit processing device adjusts the number of coded bits of each subcarrier in the system, so that the peer device pair Each subcarrier in the system is coded and modulated with not the same number of coded bits, and the bit processing device adjusts the number of coded bits of each subcarrier in the system to change the spectrum utilization of each subcarrier, which can reduce the S required for bit loading.
  • the NR granularity enables finer bit loading, which improves the bit
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a bit processing system.
  • the system includes a central office transceiver 1 and a client transceiver 1 .
  • the local transceiver 1 is connected to the user terminal through the twisted pair 10 .
  • the central transceiver 1 and/or the client transceiver 1 each include a bit processing device having any of the features of the second embodiment, or the central transceiver 1 and/or
  • the client transceivers 1 each include a bit processing device having any of the features of the third embodiment.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a bit processing system, where a bit processing apparatus first acquires a signal to noise ratio S NR of at least one subcarrier, and then determines, according to a preset mapping relationship, each SNR corresponding to each subcarrier of at least one subcarrier.
  • the indication information including the number of coded bits and the number of loaded bits of each subcarrier is sent to the peer device, so that the peer device performs code modulation on the coded data stream according to the number of coded bits and the number of loaded bits of each subcarrier.
  • the bit processing device determines the number of coded bits of each subcarrier according to a preset mapping relationship, and the number of loaded bits, and a pair of subcarrier loading bits and the number of encoded bits in the preset mapping relationship Multiple mapping, and one-to-one mapping between the S NR of the subcarrier and the number of coded bits, that is, the preset number of subcarrier coded bits corresponding to S NR of each subcarrier is not completely the same, therefore, the bit processing device The determined number of coded bits of each subcarrier is not completely the same, so that the bit processing device adjusts the number of coded bits of each subcarrier in the system, so that the peer device uses not the same number of coded bits for each subcarrier in the system.
  • bit processing device adjusts the number of coded bits of each subcarrier in the system to change the spectrum utilization of each subcarrier, which can reduce the S NR granularity required for bit loading. More fine bit loading is now available, which improves the spectrum utilization of the system.
  • the disclosed system, apparatus, and method may be implemented in other manners.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative.
  • the division of the modules or units is only a logical function division.
  • there may be another division manner for example, multiple units or components may be used. Combined or can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored, or not executed.
  • the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface, device or unit, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other form.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as the units may or may not be physical units, and may be located in one place or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the embodiment of the present embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional unit.
  • the integrated unit if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a standalone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the present invention may contribute to the prior art or all or part of the technical solution may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium. , including several instructions All or part of the steps of the method of the various embodiments of the present invention are performed by a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) or a processor.
  • the foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a removable hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and the like, which can store program code. .

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Abstract

本发明实施例提供一种比特处理方法、装置及系统,涉及通信领域,能够实现更精细的比特加载,提高系统的频谱利用率。该方法包括:获取至少一个子载波的信噪比SNR;根据预设的映射关系,确定与至少一个子载波中每个子载波的SNR对应的每个子载波的编码比特数,以及加载比特数,预设的映射关系包括预设的对应于子载波的SNR 的子载波加载比特数,以及子载波编码比特数;发送指示信息给对端设备,指示信息至少包括每个子载波的编码比特数和加载比特数,以使得对端设备根据每个子载波的编码比特数和加载比特数对待编码数据流进行编码调制。

Description

一种比特处理方法、 装置及系统 技术领域
本发明涉及通信领域, 尤其涉及一种比特处理方法、 装置及系 统。
背景技术
正 交频分复用 ( OFDM , Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing ) 是一种移动通信技术环境下的多载波传输技术, 具 有很好的抗多径和抗频率选择性衰落等特性, 在数字视频 /音频广播 ( DVB-T/DAB ), 无线局域网 ( IEEE802. il Serial, Hiper-LAN/2 ), 数字用户线 ( DSL, Digital Subscriber Line ) 技术等领域中都获 得了广泛的应用。
在宽带 0FDM系统中,信号在整个系统带宽上经历频率选择性衰 落, 不同子载波上的衰落各不相同, 因此需要为不同的子载波选择 合适的调制方式以提高系统的传输速率以及系统传输的可靠性。
实际系统中, 为了更好的保证系统传输的可靠性和系统的传输 速率, 引入了信道编码以及编码调制技术。 在采用信道编码技术后, 各个子载波可以加载更多的信息比特, 充分利用各载波的信道容量, 提高系统的频谱利用率。
目前, 各种数字用户线( xDSL )系统一般采用里德-索洛蒙( RS, Reed-Solomon ) 编 码 + 网 格 编 码 调 制 ( TCM , Trellis-Coded-Modulation ) 的信道编码和信道编码调制技术提高 频谱利用率。 具体的, xDSL 系统采用 RS+TCM 的信道编码调制技术 进行比特编码调制时, 先获取各个子载波的信噪比, 然后根据信噪 比和加载比特数之间的对应关系公式, 计算确定各个子载波的加载 比特数, 最后对各个子载波根据同一个编码比特数和各个子载波的 加载比特数进行比特编码调制。 这样, 当子载波的加载比特数为 3 比特及 3 比特以上时, 系统需要的信噪比 ( SNR, Signal to Noise Ratio ) 颗粒度即信噪比间隔接近为 3dB。
由于目前系统中各个子载波固定采用同一个编码比特数进行编 码调制时, 系统需要的信噪比的颗粒度一直是较大, 无法降低; 因 此, 当子载波的信噪比处于系统加载相邻整数比特分别需要的信噪 比之间时, 系统对该子载波只能按照该相邻整数中较小的整数进行 比特加载, 这样, 该子载波会有部分信噪比不能对其加载比特起作 用, 使得系统无法直接实现更精细的比特加载, 信道容量利用率低, 导致系统的频谱利用率低。
发明内容
本发明的实施例提供一种比特处理方法、 装置及系统, 解决了 在信道的频率选择性比较强的应用场景 ( 比如 xDSL 系统, Cable 系 统, 以及部分无线通信系统) 中, 比特加载需要的 SNR 颗粒度高而 导致无法实现更精细的比特加载, 使得系统的频谱利用率低的问题, 本发明能够降低比特加载所需要的 SNR 颗粒度, 实现更精细的比特 加载, 进而提高系统的频谱利用率。
为达到上述目的, 本发明的实施例采用如下技术方案:
第一方面, 本发明实施例提供一种比特处理方法, 包括: 获取至少一个子载波的信噪比 SNR;
根据预设的映射关系, 确定与所述至少一个子载波中每个子载 波的 SNR 对应的每个子载波的编码比特数, 以及加载比特数, 所述 预设的映射关系包括预设的对应于子载波的 SNR 的子载波加载比特 数, 以及子载波编码比特数;
发送指示信息给对端设备, 所述指示信息至少包括所述每个子 载波的编码比特数和加载比特数, 以使得所述对端设备根据所述每 个子载波的编码比特数和加载比特数对待编码数据流进行编码调 制。
在第一方面的第一种可能实现方式中, 所述映射关系由映射关 系表来体现; 在所述映射关系表中, 子载波加载比特数与编码比特 数之间一对多映射, 且子载波的 SNR与编码比特数之间一对一映射。 在第一方面的第二种可能实现方式中, 所述指示消息为局端- 物理媒质从属 0-PMD消息或用户端-物理媒质从属 R-PMD消息。
第二方面, 本发明实施例提供一种比特处理装置, 包括: 获取单元, 用于获取至少一个子载波的信噪比 SNR ;
确定单元, 用于根据预设的映射关系, 确定与所述获取单元获 取到的所述至少一个子载波中每个子载波的 SNR 对应的每个子载波 的编码比特数, 以及加载比特数, 所述预设的映射关系包括预设的 对应于子载波的 SNR的子载波加载比特数, 以及子载波编码比特数; 发送单元, 用于发送指示信息给对端设备, 所述指示信息至少 包括所述确定单元确定的所述每个子载波的编码比特数和加载比特 数, 以使得所述对端设备根据所述每个子载波的编码比特数和加载 比特数对待编码数据流进行编码调制。
在第二方面的第一种可能实现方式中, 所述映射关系由映射关 系表来体现; 在所述映射关系表中, 子载波加载比特数与编码比特 数之间一对多映射, 且子载波的 SNR与编码比特数之间一对一映射。
在第二方面的第二种可能实现方式中, 所述发送单元发送的指 示消息为局端-物理媒质从属 0-PMD 消息或用户端-物理媒质从属 R-PMD消息。
结合前述第二方面或第二方面的第一种可能实现方式至第二种 可能实现方式中的任意一种实现方式, 在第二方面的第三种可能实 现方式中, 所述比特处理装置可以为局端收发器, 也可以为用户端 收发器。
第三方面, 本发明实施例提供一种比特处理装置, 包括: 接收器, 用于获取至少一个子载波的信噪比 SNR ;
处理器, 用于根据预设的映射关系, 确定与所述接收器获取到 的所述至少一个子载波中每个子载波的 S NR 对应的每个子载波的编 码比特数, 以及加载比特数, 所述预设的映射关系包括预设的对应 于子载波的 S NR的子载波加载比特数, 以及子载波编码比特数; 发送器, 用于发送指示信息至对端设备, 所述指示信息至少包 括所述处理器确定的所述每个子载波的编码比特数和加载比特数, 以使得所述对端设备根据所述每个子载波的编码比特数和加载比特 数对待编码数据流进行编码调制。
在第三方面的第一种可能实现方式中, 所述映射关系由映射关 系表来体现; 在所述映射关系表中, 子载波加载比特数与编码比特 数之间一对多映射, 且子载波的 SNR与编码比特数之间一对一映射。
在第三方面的第二种可能实现方式中, 所述发送器发送的指示 消息为局端-物理媒质从属 0-PMD 消息或用户端-物理媒质从属 R-PMD消息。
结合前述第三方面或第三方面的第一种可能实现方式至第二种 可能实现方式中的任意一种实现方式, 在第三方面的第三种可能实 现方式中, 所述比特处理装置可以为局端收发器, 也可以为用户端 收发器。
第四方面, 本发明实施例提供一种比特处理系统, 包括局端收 发器和用户端收发器, 所述局端收发器通过双绞线连接到所述用户 端收发器, 其中, 所述局端收发器和 /或所述用户端收发器均包括前 述第二方面所述的比特处理装置, 或者, 所述局端收发器和 /或所述 用户端收发器均包括具有前述第三方面所述的比特处理装置。
本发明实施例提供一种比特处理方法、 装置及系统, 比特处理 装置首先获取至少一个子载波的信噪比 SNR , 然后根据预设的映射 关系, 确定与至少一个子载波中每个子载波的 SNR 对应的每个子载 波的编码比特数, 以及加载比特数, 其中, 预设的映射关系包括预 设的对应于子载波的 SNR 的子载波加载比特数, 以及子载波编码比 特数, 最后, 该比特处理装置发送至少包括每个子载波的编码比特 数和加载比特数的指示信息给对端设备, 以使得对端设备根据每个 子载波的编码比特数和加载比特数对待编码数据流进行编码调制。
通过该方案, 由于比特处理装置是根据预设的映射关系确定每 个子载波的编码比特数, 以及加载比特数的, 而所述映射关系是可 以预先根据需求配置的, 因此, 比特处理装置确定的每个子载波的 编码比特数可以灵活需求实际需求的, 进一步地, 预设的映射关系 中子载波加载比特数与编码比特数之间一对多映射,且子载波的 SNR 与编码比特数之间一对一映射, 预设的对应于每个子载波的 SNR 的 子载波编码比特数就可以不同的。 这样, 该比特处理装置通过调整 系统中每个子载波的编码比特数, 使得对端设备对系统中每个子载 波采用不完全相同的编码比特数进行编码调制, 而该比特处理装置 调整系统中每个子载波的编码比特数会改变各个子载波的频谱利用 率, 这样能够降低比特加载需要的 SNR 颗粒度, 实现了更精细的比 特加载, 从而提升了系统的频谱利用率。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案, 下 面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍, 显而易见地, 下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例, 对于 本领域普通技术人员来讲, 在不付出创造性劳动的前提下, 还可以 根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图 1 为本发明实施例的比特处理方法流程示意图一;
图 2为本发明实施例的比特处理方法中的星座图一;
图 3为本发明实施例的比特处理方法中的星座图二;
图 4为本发明实施例的比特处理装置结构示意图一;
图 5为本发明实施例的比特处理装置结构示意图二;
图 6为本发明实施例的比特处理系统结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图, 对本发明实施例中的技术 方案进行清楚、 完整地描述, 显然, 所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明 一部分实施例, 而不是全部的实施例。 基于本发明中的实施例, 本 领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他 实施例, 都属于本发明保护的范围。
正 交频分复用 ( OFDM , Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing ) 是一种移动通信技术环境下的多载波传输技术, 具 有很好的抗多径和抗频率选择性衰落等特性。 OFDM把整个传输信道 划分成多个带宽足够窄的子载波, 通过这些子载波来并行传输信息, 即每个 OFDM符号中包含有多个子载波, 通过这些子载波来并行传输 信息。 在宽带 OFDM系统中, 信号在整个系统带宽上经历频率选择性 衰落, 不同子载波上的衰落各不相同, 因此需要为不同的子载波选 择合适的调制方式以提高系统的传输速率以及系统传输的可靠性。
根据 OFDM技术,采用每一个子载波上各种不同的正交幅度调制 ( QAM, Quadrature Amplitude Modulation ) 方案, 在多个子载波 上对信息进行调制。 例如, 一些子载波可以采用 QAM16 (即 4 比特 信息), 一些采用 QAM32 (即 5 比特信息), 一些采用 QAM1024 (即 10 比特信息), 一些采用 QAM4096 ( 即 12 比特信息) 等方式进行调 制, 具体选择哪一种 QAM 的调制方式需要根据子载波的传输特征, 比如信噪比 ( SNR ), 比特误码率 ( BER ) 并按照香农公式进行比特加 载确定。
具体的, 一个子载波以一定误码率传输的信息比特数 按照下 面的香农公式确定:
Figure imgf000008_0001
其中, 为用户在第 个子载波上分配的比特数, Α·ε{0,1,2,...,Μ}, Μ为一个 0FDM符号内单个子载波最多能加载的比特数, Γ为信噪比 差额, 这个值和误码率以及调制方式有关, 对于未编码 QAM 系统, 当误码率 β^ = 1(Γ7时, Γ等于常数 9.8dB。
实际系统中, 为了保证信息的可靠传输, 通常会引入信道编码, 对信息增加一定的冗余度, 通常用 ( N,K ) 来表示一个码字, 其中 N 为编码后的码字长度, K 为信息长度, 则 N-K 即为增加的冗余度, 则码率 R=K/N。 一个性能优良的信道编码, 一方面提高系统抗差错 的能力, 另一方面可以提高通信系统的信息传输速率, 即在达到一 定误码率的条件下, 采用信道编码技术, 可以在有噪信道中以更小 的信噪比实现可靠的通信, 因而对于相同的信噪比, 在采用信道编 码技术之后, 可以加载更多的信息比特。
采用信道编码技术之后, 对香农公式引入系统性能余量因子 Λ 在给定的信噪比, 信噪比差额, 数据速率和一定的误比特率的 AWGN 信道情况下, 如果信噪比减少一定的量, 系统仍然可以在给定的误 比特率下实现可靠通信。
因此, 在一定的误比特率要求下, 系统实际传输的比特率可以 进一步表示成:
Figure imgf000009_0001
那么一个 OFDM 符号能够传送的比特数是各个子载波传送的比 特数之和:
5 = ¾. =∑log2(l + ¾ 对上一公式进行变换得到, 加载比特数与需要的信噪比之间的 关系用公式表示为:
SNRi = 10 * log 10[(2¾ - 1) * Γ * ]
xDSL 系统中, 一般采用 RS+TCM 的信道编码和信道编码调制技 术, 系统性能余量因子 为 0. 1585 (对应 8dB的编码性能), Γ等于 9. 5499 (对应 9. 8dB 的信噪比差额), 则加载 1-15 比特, 按照加载 比特数与需要的信噪比之间的关系公式计算得到需要的信噪比如表 1 所示 (这里假设没有信噪比余量, 实际系统的比特加载还会预留 一定的信噪比余量来对抗噪声, 另外由于 只能是整数, 因此实际系 统中, 各个子载波上还需要对发送功率进行微调, 即对每个子载波 乘以一个功率增益因子&, 使得微调后的 能够正好承载 个比 特): 表 1
Figure imgf000010_0001
由表 1 可知, 对于采用 TCM+RS编码的传统的 xDSL 系统而言, 在这种编码调制方式下, (除 1 比特到 2 比特外), 其他 3比特到 15 比特的比特加载的 SNR 颗粒度为 3dB。 示例性的, ^^如某一个子载 波的信噪比为 33. 5dB,按照表 1 中比特加载数所需要的信噪比来看, 33. 5dB在 10 比特和 11 比特所需要的信噪比之间, 因此只能加载 10 比特, 还剩下约 1. 6dB的信噪比对加载比特是不起作用的。
因此, 采用现有的比特处理方法进行比特加载时, 对处于系统 加载相邻整数比特分别需要的信噪比之间的信噪比而言, 系统无法 实现其更精细的比特加载, 导致系统的频谱利用率低。
本发明实施例提供一种比特处理方法、 装置及系统, 通过调整 每个子载波的编码比特数来调整各个子载波的频谱利用率, 降低比 特加载所需要的 SNR 颗粒度, 实现了更精细的比特加载, 进而提高 系统的频谱利用率。
需要说明的是, 本文描述的各种技术不仅适用于多载波调制系 统, 还适用于单载波、 幅度或相位调制系统。
实施例一
本发明实施例提供一种比特处理方法, 如图 1 所示, 该方法包 括:
S101、 比特处理装置获取至少一个子载波的信噪比 SNR。
需要说明的是, 本发明实施例中, 比特处理装置可以是用户端 收发器, 也可以是局端收发器, 本发明实施例不做限定。
可以理解的是, 随着本发明实施例中比特处理装置的不同, 本 发明实施例中的待编码数据流可以为上行方向的待编码数据流, 也 可以为下行方向待编码的数据流。 不论待编码数据流为上行方向还 是下行方向, 比特处理装置确定子载波的编码比特数和加载比特数 的原理和方法均相同, 本发明实施例不再详细具体说明。
具体的, 比特处理装置在系统上电, 进入初始化阶段时, 先获 取至少一个子载波的 SNR , 以使得比特处理装置根据获取到的至少 一个 SNR确定系统中至少一个子载波的加载比特数和编码比特数。
其中, 本发明实施例中的至少一个子载波为对端设备与比特处 理装置之间进行通信使用的载波, 对端设备为与比特处理装置相对 设置的装置。
示例性的, 若比特处理装置为局端收发器, 则对端设备可以为 用户端收发器; 若比特处理装置为用户端收发器, 则对端设备可以 为局端收发器。
S 1 02、 比特处理装置根据预设的映射关系, 确定与至少一个子 载波中每个子载波的 SNR 对应的每个子载波的编码比特数, 以及加 载比特数。
其中, 预设的映射关系包括预设的对应于子载波的 SNR 的子载 波加载比特数, 以及子载波编码比特数。
需要说明的是, 本发明实施例提供的比特处理方法是在该预设 的映射关系存在的前提下才能实现。 所述预设的映射关系具体包括 维护人员根据经验值和 /或网络需求直接设置, 或者是接收并其他设 备发送过来的映射关系, 并保存在本地的。
优选的, 本发明实施例中的映射关系通过映射关系表来体现, 也可以通过其他方式体现, 本发明实施例不做限定。
具体的, 映射关系表至少包含子载波的信噪比 SNR , 与子载波 的信噪比 SNR 对应的子载波加载比特数以及子载波编码比特数, 该 映射关系表存储于比特处理装置中, 且该表为事先经过精确测试得 到的。
进一步地, 映射关系表中的子载波加载比特数与子载波编码比 特数之间的映射关系为一对多映射, 且子载波的信噪比 SNR 与子载 波编码比特数之间的映射关系为一对一映射。
示例性的, 若 OFDM系统采用低密度奇偶校验码编码调制 ( LCM, LDPC Coded Modulat ion ) 分层编码, 则系统中子载波的加载比特数 至少为 6 比特, 以子载波的加载比特数从 8 比特开始为例, 则该系 统中预设的映射关系表如表 2所示:
表 2
Figure imgf000012_0001
其中, \ 代表子载波的信噪比, ^代表与 5\ 对应的子载波的 加载比特数, 代表与 对应的编码比特数。
从表 2 中可以看出, 在该映射关系表中, 当子载波的加载比特 数 的值固定时, 表中存在两个子载波的编码比特数 bc^之对应, 即映射关系表中子载波的加载比特数与子载波的编码比特数为一对 多映射; 当子载波的信噪比 \^固定时, 存在唯一的 be,.与其对应, 即子载波的信噪比与子载波编码比特数为一对一映射。 示例性的, 若子载波的加载比特数 为 9,与其对应的子载波编码比特数 be,.可以 为 6, 也可以为 4; 若子载波的信噪比 5^,.为 37. 8, 与该信噪比对应 的编码比特数 只有 4。
具体的, 比特处理装置在获取到至少一个子载波的信噪比 SNR 之后, 该比特处理装置根据至少一个子载波中每个子载波的 SNR 在 预设的比特表中所在的区间 SNRi, SNRi+l],确定每个子载波的加载 比特数为与 对应的加载比特数 编码比特数为与 5^,.对应的编 码比特数
示例性的,若采用 LCM分层编码的 OFDM系统中比特处理装置获 取到子载波 1 的 SNR 为 30.8dB, 则比特处理装置在表 2 中查找出 30. 8dB 在 [30. 3dB, 31.8dB]区间, 并确定子载波 1 的加载比特数为 10 比特, 相应的 LDPC编码比特数为 6 比特。
由表 2可知, 采用本发明实施例的比特处理方法, 对系统中子 载波按照整数个比特进行比特加载时, 比特加载的 SNR 的颗粒度为 1.5dB, 这一数值比现有的基于整数个比特对子载波进行比特加载时 的 SNR的颗粒度小。 这样, 实现了更加精细的比特加载。
可以理解的是, 比特处理装置根据预设的映射关系, 通过调整 系统中各个子载波的编码比特数, 可以减少比特加载的 SNR颗粒度, 实现更精细的比特加载, 进而提高系统的频谱利用率。
S103、 比特处理装置发送指示信息给对端设备。
其中, 指示信息至少包括每个子载波的加载比特数和编码比特 数。
比特处理装置在确定系统中每个子载波的加载比特数和每个子 载波的编码比特数后, 该比特处理装置在初始化阶段将包含有确定 好的每个子载波的加载比特数和每个子载波的编码比特数的指示信 息发送给对端设备, 以使得对端设备在激活阶段根据该指示信息对 待编码数据流进行编码调制。
优选 的 , 指 示 信 息 为 局 端 -物 理媒质 从属 ( 0-PMD , 0NU/C0-Phys ical Medium Dependent ) 消息, 或者为用户端-物理媒 质从属 ( R-PMD, Remote-Physical Medium Dependent ) 消息。
具体的, 0-PMD 消息包含了在激活期间, 上行方向应该使用的 PMD 参数的初始设置。 该消息可以是在现有 VDSL2 标准 G.993.2 中 0-PMD 消息的现有域中增加一个字段, 该消息中包括的参数如表 3 所示: 表 3
Figure imgf000014_0001
其中, "消息类型"是一个 byte的消息码, "每个子载波的加载 比特数, 编码比特数以及功率增益因子" 参数包含了子载波集 MEDLEYus 中的每一个子载波的加载比特数 编码比特数 be,.以及功 率增益因子 的值。 为用户端发送单元( xTU_R, Transceiver Unit at 0NU/C0 ) 给上行子载波 分配的比特数, 为对应于上行子载波 的^的编码比特数, g ,为用户端给每个子载波 分配的相对于发送远 端周期信号 ( R-P-MEDLEY ) 时的功率增益因子。
进一步地, 本发明实施例的 0-PMD 消息中也可以不包含每个子 载波的功率增益因子 g , 也就是说该消息的第二域的字段中, 只包 含有每个子载波的加载比特数以及编码比特数。
相对应的, R-PMD包含了在激活期间, 下行方向应该使用的 PMD 参数的初始设置, 该消息至少包括的参数如表 3所示。 其中, "消息 类型" 是一个 byte 的消息码, "每个子载波的加载比特数, 编码比 特数以及功率增益因子"参数包含了子载波集 MEDLEYus 中的每一个 子载波的加载比特数 编码比特数 以及功率增益因子 gi的值。 ^ 为局端发送单元 ( xTU-0, Transmiter Unit at the 0NU/C0 ) 给下 行子载波 i 分配的比特数, 为对应于下行子载波的 的编码比特 数, 为局端给每个子载波 分配的相对于发送局端周期信号 ( 0-P-MEDLEY ) 时的功率增益因子。
进一步地, 本发明实施例的 P-PMD 消息中也可以不包含每个子 载波的功率增益因子 g , 即该消息的第二域的字段中, 只包含有每 个子载波的加载比特数以及编码比特数。
由于本发明实施例中比特处理装置可以为是用户端收发器, 也 可以是局端收发器, 且本发明实施例中的待编码数据流可以为上行 方向的待编码数据流, 也可以为下行方向待编码的数据流。 因此, 当待编码数据流为上行方向的待编码数据流时, 本发明实施例中的 对端设备可以为用户端收发器; 当待编码数据流为下行方向的待编 码数据流时, 本发明实施例中的对端设备可以为局端收发器。 也就 是说, 本发明实施例对对端设备不作具体限定。
具体的, 比特处理装置将指示信息发送给对端设备后, 对端设 备根据指示消息中每一个子载波的加载比特数和编码比特数对待编 码数据流进行编码调制。
优选的, 对端设备采用 LCM分层编码调制技术对待编码数据流 进行编码调制。 对端设备根据每一个子载波的加载比特数和编码比 特数, 确定待编码数据流中采用 L DPC编码方式编码的数据流, 并对 该数据流进行 LDPC编码, 然后, 对端设备将采用 LDPC编码方式编 码后的数据流和待编码数据流中未编码的数据流进行正交幅度调制 从而生成符号, 最后, 该对端设备将生成的符号输出。
具体的, 在进行正交幅度调制时, 对端设备分别从采用 LDPC 编码方式编码后的数据流和未编码的数据流中抽取数据进行映射。 对端设备将采用 LDPC 编码方式编码后的数据流映射到每个子载波 的低位比特, 未编码的数据流映射到每个子载波的高位比特, 每个 子载波的高位未编码比特通过陪集技术最大化欧式距离。 这样, 可 以提高系统的编码增益, 保持良好的系统性能。
示例性的, 以 LCM分层编码调制, 6 4 QAM为例, 其中低 4 比特 ( b 3 b 2 b l b Q ) 为 LDP C编码比特, 高 2 比特(a 1 a 0)为未编码比特, 采 用 LCM分层编码调制技术得到的星座图如图 1 所示。 图 2 中黑色圓 圈部分的 4个点为未编码比特的陪集, 即低位的 L DPC编码比特均相 同, 高位未编码比特构成一个陪集, 这个集中的点与点之间的欧式 距离被最大化。这样比特处理装置在解映射的时候,先根据低位 LDPC 的译码比特, 确定高位未编码比特处于哪一个集, 然后在确定的集 中, 根据最小欧式距离准侧, 确定集中的哪一个点, 解映射出高位 比特。
进一步地, 符号被对端设备发送至本发明实施例中的比特处理 装置, 比特处理装置根据接收到的符号先译码出子载波的低位编码 比特, 然后该比特处理装置在预设的星座图中, 根据获取到的子载 波的低位比特确定子载波的高位比特所在的集合, 进而根据最小欧 式距离准则, 在集合中确定子载波的高位比特。 这里利用到了对端 设备根据本发明实施例确定的每个子载波的加载比特数和编码比特 数对系统中的子载波进行编码调制后形成的陪集技术。
示例性的, 如图 3所示, 比特处理装置获取图中 A点的低位比 特 ( 1 0 ) , 然后根据这个低位比特确定 A点的高位比特处于图中 B、 C、 D和 0这四个点构成的陪集中, 根据最小欧式距离准备, 比特处 理装置确定 A 的高位比特与 B点的高位比特相同 ( 因为在这一陪集 中 B点离 A点距离最近 )。
本发明实施例提供一种比特处理方法, 比特处理装置首先获取 至少一个子载波的信噪比 S NR , 然后根据预设的映射关系, 确定与 至少一个子载波中每个子载波的 SNR 对应的每个子载波的编码比特 数, 以及加载比特数, 其中, 预设的映射关系包括预设的对应于子 载波的 S NR 的子载波加载比特数, 以及子载波编码比特数, 最后, 该比特处理装置发送至少包括每个子载波的编码比特数和加载比特 数的指示信息给对端设备, 以使得对端设备根据每个子载波的编码 比特数和加载比特数对待编码数据流进行编码调制。
通过该方案, 由于比特处理装置是根据预设的映射关系确定每 个子载波的编码比特数, 以及加载比特数的, 而预设的映射关系中 子载波加载比特数与编码比特数之间一对多映射, 且子载波的 S NR 与编码比特数之间一对一映射, 也就是说预设的对应于每个子载波 的 S NR 的子载波编码比特数不是完全相同的, 因此, 比特处理装置 确定的每个子载波的编码比特数不是完全相同的, 这样, 该比特处 理装置通过调整系统中每个子载波的编码比特数, 使得对端设备对 系统中每个子载波采用不完全相同的编码比特数进行编码调制, 而 该比特处理装置调整系统中每个子载波的编码比特数会改变各个子 载波的频谱利用率, 这样能够降低比特加载需要的 SNR 颗粒度, 实 现了更精细的比特加载, 从而提升了系统的频谱利用率。
实施例二
本发明实施例提供一种比特处理装置 1 , 如图 4 所示, 该比特 处理装置 1 包括:
获取单元 10, 用于获取至少一个子载波的信噪比 SNR。
确定单元 11 , 用于根据预设的映射关系, 确定与所述获取单元 10获取到的所述至少一个子载波中每个子载波的 SNR对应的每个子 载波的编码比特数, 以及加载比特数, 所述预设的映射关系包括预 设的对应于子载波的 SNR 的子载波加载比特数, 以及子载波编码比 特数。
发送单元 12, 用于发送指示信息给对端设备, 所述指示信息至 少包括所述确定单元 11 确定的所述每个子载波的编码比特数和加 载比特数, 以使得所述对端设备根据所述每个子载波的编码比特数 和加载比特数对待编码数据流进行编码调制。
进一步地, 所述映射关系由映射关系表来体现; 在所述映射关 系表中, 子载波加载比特数与编码比特数之间一对多映射, 且子载 波的 SNR与编码比特数之间一对一映射。
进一步地,所述发送单元发送的指示消息为局端-物理媒质从属 0-PMD消息或用户端-物理媒质从属 R-PMD消息。
进一步地, 所述比特处理装置可以为局端收发器, 也可以为用 户端收发器。
本发明实施例提供一种比特处理装置, 该比特处理装置首先获 取至少一个子载波的信噪比 SNR, 然后根据预设的映射关系, 确定 与至少一个子载波中每个子载波的 SNR 对应的每个子载波的编码比 特数, 以及加载比特数, 其中, 预设的映射关系包括预设的对应于 子载波的 SNR的子载波加载比特数, 以及子载波编码比特数, 最后, 该比特处理装置发送至少包括每个子载波的编码比特数和加载比特 数的指示信息给对端设备, 以使得对端设备根据每个子载波的编码 比特数和加载比特数对待编码数据流进行编码调制。
通过该方案, 由于比特处理装置是根据预设的映射关系确定每 个子载波的编码比特数, 以及加载比特数的, 而预设的映射关系中 子载波加载比特数与编码比特数之间一对多映射, 且子载波的 SNR 与编码比特数之间一对一映射, 也就是说预设的对应于每个子载波 的 SNR 的子载波编码比特数不是完全相同的, 因此, 比特处理装置 确定的每个子载波的编码比特数不是完全相同的, 这样, 该比特处 理装置通过调整系统中每个子载波的编码比特数, 使得对端设备对 系统中每个子载波采用不完全相同的编码比特数进行编码调制, 而 该比特处理装置调整系统中每个子载波的编码比特数会改变各个子 载波的频谱利用率, 这样能够降低比特加载需要的 SNR 颗粒度, 实 现了更精细的比特加载, 从而提升了系统的频谱利用率。
实施例三
本发明实施例提供一种比特处理装置, 如图 5 所示, 该比特处 理装置可以包括接收器 20、 处理器 21、 发送器 22、 存储器 23和系 统总线 24, 其中,
接收器 20、 处理器 21、 发送器 22和存储器 23之间通过系统总 线 24连接并完成相互间的通信。
处理器 11可能为单核或多核中央处理单元,或者为特定集成电 路, 或者为被配置成实施本发明实施例的一个或多个集成电路。
存储器 23 可以为高速 RAM ( Random Access Memory, 随机存储 器) 存储器, 也可以为非易失性存储器 ( non-volatile memory ), 例如至少一个磁盘存储器。 存储器 23用于存储预设的映射关系表以 及该比特处理装置根据子载波的信噪比确定的加载比特数和编码比 特数。
可选的, 本发明实施例提供的比特处理装置可以为用户端收发 器, 也可以为局端收发器, 本发明实施例不做限定。
具体的, 接收器 20, 用于获取至少一个子载波的信噪比 SNR。 具体的, 处理器 2 1 , 用于根据预设的映射关系, 确定与所述接 收器 2 0获取到的所述至少一个子载波中每个子载波的 SNR对应的每 个子载波的编码比特数, 以及加载比特数, 所述预设的映射关系包 括预设的对应于子载波的 SNR 的子载波加载比特数, 以及子载波编 码比特数。
具体的, 发送器 22 , 用于发送指示信息至对端设备, 所述指示 信息至少包括所述处理器 2 1 确定的所述每个子载波的编码比特数 和加载比特数, 以使得所述对端设备根据所述每个子载波的编码比 特数和加载比特数对待编码数据流进行编码调制。
进一步地, 所述映射关系由映射关系表来体现; 在所述映射关 系表中, 子载波加载比特数与编码比特数之间一对多映射, 且子载 波的 SNR与编码比特数之间一对一映射。
进一步地, 所述发送器发送的指示消息为局端-物理媒质从属 0-PMD消息或用户端-物理媒质从属 R-PMD消息。
本发明实施例提供一种比特处理装置, 该比特处理装置首先获 取至少一个子载波的信噪比 SNR , 然后根据预设的映射关系, 确定 与至少一个子载波中每个子载波的 SNR 对应的每个子载波的编码比 特数, 以及加载比特数, 其中, 预设的映射关系包括预设的对应于 子载波的 SNR的子载波加载比特数, 以及子载波编码比特数, 最后, 该比特处理装置发送至少包括每个子载波的编码比特数和加载比特 数的指示信息给对端设备, 以使得对端设备根据每个子载波的编码 比特数和加载比特数对待编码数据流进行编码调制。
通过该方案, 由于比特处理装置是根据预设的映射关系确定每 个子载波的编码比特数, 以及加载比特数的, 而预设的映射关系中 子载波加载比特数与编码比特数之间一对多映射, 且子载波的 S NR 与编码比特数之间一对一映射, 也就是说预设的对应于每个子载波 的 S NR 的子载波编码比特数不是完全相同的, 因此, 比特处理装置 确定的每个子载波的编码比特数不是完全相同的, 这样, 该比特处 理装置通过调整系统中每个子载波的编码比特数, 使得对端设备对 系统中每个子载波采用不完全相同的编码比特数进行编码调制, 而 该比特处理装置调整系统中每个子载波的编码比特数会改变各个子 载波的频谱利用率, 这样能够降低比特加载需要的 S NR 颗粒度, 实 现了更精细的比特加载, 从而提升了系统的频谱利用率。
实施例四
本发明实施例提供一种比特处理系统, 如图 6 所示, 包括局端 收发器 1和用户端收发器 1 , 所述局端收发器 1通过双绞线 1 0连接 到所述用户端收发器 1 , 其中, 所述局端收发器 1和 /或所述用户端 收发器 1 均包括具有如实施例二中任一特征的比特处理装置, 或者, 所述局端收发器 1和 /或所述用户端收发器 1均包括具有如实施例三 中任一特征的比特处理装置。
本发明实施例提供一种比特处理系统, 比特处理装置首先获取 至少一个子载波的信噪比 S NR , 然后根据预设的映射关系, 确定与 至少一个子载波中每个子载波的 S N R 对应的每个子载波的编码比特 数, 以及加载比特数, 其中, 预设的映射关系包括预设的对应于子 载波的 S NR 的子载波加载比特数, 以及子载波编码比特数, 最后, 该比特处理装置发送至少包括每个子载波的编码比特数和加载比特 数的指示信息给对端设备, 以使得对端设备根据每个子载波的编码 比特数和加载比特数对待编码数据流进行编码调制。
通过该方案, 由于比特处理装置是根据预设的映射关系确定每 个子载波的编码比特数, 以及加载比特数的, 而预设的映射关系中 子载波加载比特数与编码比特数之间一对多映射, 且子载波的 S NR 与编码比特数之间一对一映射, 也就是说预设的对应于每个子载波 的 S NR 的子载波编码比特数不是完全相同的, 因此, 比特处理装置 确定的每个子载波的编码比特数不是完全相同的, 这样, 该比特处 理装置通过调整系统中每个子载波的编码比特数, 使得对端设备对 系统中每个子载波采用不完全相同的编码比特数进行编码调制, 而 该比特处理装置调整系统中每个子载波的编码比特数会改变各个子 载波的频谱利用率, 这样能够降低比特加载需要的 S NR 颗粒度, 实 现了更精细的比特加载, 从而提升了系统的频谱利用率。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到,为描述的方便和简洁, 仅以上述各功能模块的划分进行举例说明, 实际应用中, 可以根据 需要而将上述功能分配由不同的功能模块完成, 即将装置的内部结 构划分成不同的功能模块, 以完成以上描述的全部或者部分功能。 上述描述的系统, 装置和单元的具体工作过程, 可以参考前述方法 实施例中的对应过程, 在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中, 应该理解到, 所揭露的系统, 装置和方法, 可以通过其它的方式实现。 例如, 以上所描述的装置 实施例仅仅是示意性的, 例如, 所述模块或单元的划分, 仅仅为一 种逻辑功能划分, 实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式, 例如多个单 元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统, 或一些特征可以忽 略, 或不执行。 另一点, 所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦 合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口 , 装置或单元的间接耦合或通信 连接, 可以是电性, 机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分 开的, 作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元, 即可 以位于一个地方, 或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。 可以根据实 际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的 目 的。
另外, 在本发明各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处 理单元中, 也可以是各个单元单独物理存在, 也可以两个或两个以 上单元集成在一个单元中。 上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式 实现, 也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
所述集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的 产品销售或使用时, 可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。 基 于这样的理解, 本发明的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡 献的部分或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现 出来, 该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中, 包括若干指令用 以使得一台计算机设备 (可以是个人计算机, 服务器, 或者网络设 备等) 或处理器 ( processor ) 执行本发明各个实施例所述方法的全 部或部分步骤。 而前述的存储介质包括: U 盘、 移动硬盘、 只读存 储器( ROM, Read-Only Memory )、随机存取存储器( RAM, Random Access Memory )、 磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述, 仅为本发明的具体实施方式, 但本发明的保护范围 并不局限于此, 任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技 术范围内, 可轻易想到变化或替换, 都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围 之内。 因此, 本发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种比特处理方法, 其特征在于, 包括:
获取至少一个子载波的信噪比 SNR ;
根据预设的映射关系,确定与所述至少一个子载波中每个子载波 的 SNR对应的每个子载波的编码比特数, 以及加载比特数, 所述预设 的映射关系包括预设的对应于子载波的 SNR的子载波加载比特数, 以 及子载波编码比特数;
发送指示信息给对端设备,所述指示信息至少包括所述每个子载 波的编码比特数和加载比特数, 以使得所述对端设备根据所述每个子 载波的编码比特数和加载比特数对待编码数据流进行编码调制。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的比特处理方法, 其特征在于, 所述映射关系由映射关系表来体现; 在所述映射关系表中, 子载 波加载比特数与编码比特数之间一对多映射, 且子载波的 SNR与编码 比特数之间一对一映射。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的比特处理方法, 其特征在于, 所述指示消息为局端-物理媒质从属 0-PMD 消息或用户端 -物理 媒质从属 R-PMD消息。
4、 一种比特处理装置, 其特征在于, 包括:
获取单元, 用于获取至少一个子载波的信噪比 SNR ;
确定单元, 用于根据预设的映射关系, 确定与所述获取单元获取 到的所述至少一个子载波中每个子载波的 SNR 对应的每个子载波的 编码比特数, 以及加载比特数, 所述预设的映射关系包括预设的对应 于子载波的 SNR的子载波加载比特数, 以及子载波编码比特数;
发送单元, 用于发送指示信息给对端设备, 所述指示信息至少包 括所述确定单元确定的所述每个子载波的编码比特数和加载比特数, 以使得所述对端设备根据所述每个子载波的编码比特数和加载比特 数对待编码数据流进行编码调制。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的装置, 其特征在于,
所述映射关系由映射关系表来体现; 在所述映射关系表中, 子载 波加载比特数与编码比特数之间一对多映射, 且子载波的 SNR与编码 比特数之间一对一映射。
6、 根据权利要求 4所述的装置, 其特征在于,
所述发送单元发送的指示消息为局端-物理媒质从属 0-PMD消息 或用户端-物理媒质从属 R-PMD消息。
7、 根据权利要求 4 - 6 中任一项所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述比特处理装置可以为局端收发器, 也可以为用户端收发器。
8、 一种比特处理装置, 其特征在于, 包括:
接收器, 用于获取至少一个子载波的信噪比 SNR ;
处理器, 用于根据预设的映射关系, 确定与所述接收器获取到的 所述至少一个子载波中每个子载波的 SNR 对应的每个子载波的编码 比特数, 以及加载比特数, 所述预设的映射关系包括预设的对应于子 载波的 SNR的子载波加载比特数, 以及子载波编码比特数;
发送器, 用于发送指示信息至对端设备, 所述指示信息至少包括 所述处理器确定的所述每个子载波的编码比特数和加载比特数, 以使 得所述对端设备根据所述每个子载波的编码比特数和加载比特数对 待编码数据流进行编码调制。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的装置, 其特征在于,
所述映射关系由映射关系表来体现; 在所述映射关系表中, 子载 波加载比特数与编码比特数之间一对多映射, 且子载波的 SNR与编码 比特数之间一对一映射。
1 0、 根据权利要求 8所述的装置, 其特征在于,
所述发送器发送的指示消息为局端-物理媒质从属 0-PMD消息或 用户端-物理媒质从属 R-PMD消息。
1 1、 根据权利要求 8 - 1 0 中任一项所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述比特处理装置可以为局端收发器, 也可以为用户端收发器。
1 2、 一种比特处理系统, 其特征在于, 包括局端收发器和用户端 收发器,所述局端收发器通过双绞线连接到所述用户端收发器,其中, 所述局端收发器和 /或所述用户端收发器均包括具有如权利要求 4 - 7 中任一项所述的比特处理装置。
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