WO2015197687A1 - Implant amovible pour générer un tendon ou un ligament - Google Patents
Implant amovible pour générer un tendon ou un ligament Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015197687A1 WO2015197687A1 PCT/EP2015/064246 EP2015064246W WO2015197687A1 WO 2015197687 A1 WO2015197687 A1 WO 2015197687A1 EP 2015064246 W EP2015064246 W EP 2015064246W WO 2015197687 A1 WO2015197687 A1 WO 2015197687A1
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- ligament
- tendon
- tubular body
- implant
- removable
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/08—Muscles; Tendons; Ligaments
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/11—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for performing anastomosis; Buttons for anastomosis
- A61B17/1146—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for performing anastomosis; Buttons for anastomosis of tendons
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/14—Macromolecular materials
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/14—Macromolecular materials
- A61L27/16—Macromolecular materials obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/14—Macromolecular materials
- A61L27/18—Macromolecular materials obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/0077—Special surfaces of prostheses, e.g. for improving ingrowth
- A61F2002/0081—Special surfaces of prostheses, e.g. for improving ingrowth directly machined on the prosthetic surface, e.g. holes, grooves
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/08—Muscles; Tendons; Ligaments
- A61F2/0811—Fixation devices for tendons or ligaments
- A61F2002/0817—Structure of the anchor
- A61F2002/0823—Modular anchors comprising a plurality of separate parts
- A61F2002/0829—Modular anchors comprising a plurality of separate parts without deformation of anchor parts, e.g. fixation screws on bone surface, extending barbs, cams, butterflies, spring-loaded pins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/08—Muscles; Tendons; Ligaments
- A61F2/0811—Fixation devices for tendons or ligaments
- A61F2002/0847—Mode of fixation of anchor to tendon or ligament
- A61F2002/0864—Fixation of tendon or ligament between anchor elements, e.g. by additional screws in the anchor, anchor crimped around tendon
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/08—Muscles; Tendons; Ligaments
- A61F2/0811—Fixation devices for tendons or ligaments
- A61F2002/0876—Position of anchor in respect to the bone
- A61F2002/0888—Anchor in or on a blind hole or on the bone surface without formation of a tunnel
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2230/00—Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2230/0063—Three-dimensional shapes
- A61F2230/0069—Three-dimensional shapes cylindrical
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2240/00—Manufacturing or designing of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2240/001—Designing or manufacturing processes
- A61F2240/002—Designing or making customized prostheses
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2250/00—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2250/0058—Additional features; Implant or prostheses properties not otherwise provided for
- A61F2250/0059—Additional features; Implant or prostheses properties not otherwise provided for temporary
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2250/00—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2250/0058—Additional features; Implant or prostheses properties not otherwise provided for
- A61F2250/0067—Means for introducing or releasing pharmaceutical products into the body
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2400/00—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties
- A61L2400/18—Modification of implant surfaces in order to improve biocompatibility, cell growth, fixation of biomolecules, e.g. plasma treatment
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2430/00—Materials or treatment for tissue regeneration
- A61L2430/10—Materials or treatment for tissue regeneration for reconstruction of tendons or ligaments
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of implant manufacturing for the reconstruction of ligaments and tendons.
- Ligaments are anatomical structures connecting the bones to each other.
- the ligaments provide stability of the joints while allowing physiological movements.
- These are tissue structures attached to the bone at both ends and composed of fibers (collagen, elastic) oriented in the direction of the mechanical stresses that these tissue structures undergo and cells (fibroblasts).
- Tendons are other anatomical structures that connect a bone with a muscle and transmit to the bone the contraction of the muscular body. Tendons are essential for the active mobilization of joints. Their histological structure is extremely close to that of ligaments, of which they differ mainly by the proportion of certain molecules such as collagen and elastin.
- Ligaments and tendons can be damaged in various pathological situations such as trauma, certain infections, tumors or inflammatory or degenerative phenomena.
- surgical repair of the tendon or ligament is performed when the latter can not heal spontaneously, for example in situations in which the rupture banks have moved away from each other.
- the surgical procedure consists of putting back the buttocks of the tendinous or ligamentous rupture, and suturing them. This solution is used especially when a tendon of the hand is cut or the Achilles tendon is broken.
- ACL anterior cruciate ligament
- Ligament or tendon reconstruction can then be performed according to a variety of techniques described hereinafter, which use natural transplants or synthetic transplants.
- auto-transplant a first technique, called "auto-transplant”.
- a self-transplant also called an autologous transplant
- an allograft technique a ligament or tendon taken from another individual is used, usually on a deceased individual.
- synthetic transplants these can be classified into two broad categories, respectively (i) fully synthetic transplants and (ii) biosynthetic transplants.
- Fully synthetic transplants provide a primary mechanical stabilization function only. They can therefore immediately replace the damaged ligament or tendon (primary resistance).
- the use of totally synthetic transplants can not be associated with the initiation of tendon or ligament regrowth.
- These totally synthetic transplants have the function of cables that allow the transmission of bone-bone (ligament) or bone-muscle (tendon) forces.
- the totally synthetic transplants undergo a wear which weakens them with the time, which causes their rupture.
- the long-term maintenance of completely synthetic transplants can pose serious health problems for the carrier individuals, which problems are related in particular to the release of wear debris.
- the biosynthetic transplants generally consist of a rigid body of synthetic material structure, generally bio-resorbable, which contains a support material intended to be colonized by cells in order to regenerate a tendon or a ligament .
- the biosynthetic transplants provide (i) a primary mechanical function of replacement of the disrupted ligament or tendon, (ii) an artificial extracellular matrix function that cells (fibroblasts, stem cells, etc.) can colonize and proliferate.
- a neo-tissue is generated from the cells present in the extracellular matrix support, which neo-tissue gradually replaces, over time, the mechanical function of the material structure. synthetic transplant.
- Biosynthetic transplants are described, for example, in French patent documents FR 2 937 243 and FR 2 937 244, as well as in European patent application EP 0 454 599.
- biosynthetic transplants have certain disadvantages, detailed below.
- the manufacture of biosynthetic implants is complex, and therefore expensive and time consuming. Indeed, the manufacture of an extracellular matrix suitable for colonization and proliferation of cells is a very complex process.
- the proliferation of neo-tissue in the synthetic extracellular matrix results in the cells being attached to the matrix support in a very intimate manner, which precludes any possibility of removal of the biosynthetic transplant, once the neotendon or ligament is formed.
- biosynthetic transplants In order to remedy, at least partially, the above disadvantages of biosynthetic transplants, it has been proposed in the prior art the manufacture of biosynthetic transplants whose structure degrades over time in the body of the patient.
- this new generation of biosynthetic transplants is not itself free of economic and technical disadvantages.
- the design of such implants is complex and potentially very expensive, particularly because of the quality of the biodegradable materials used.
- biodegradable nature of the materials constituting such biosynthetic transplants results in the mechanical properties of the transplant decreasing as it is resorbed, which can lead to an early rupture of the transplant which is exposed to the biomechanical constraints generated by the movement. joints.
- the present invention relates to a removable implant for generating a tendon or a ligament in replacement of a disrupted tendon or ligament, said implant comprising a hollow tubular body made of a biocompatible and non-resorbable material comprising an internal lumen delimited by a wall side pierced with one or more outlets opening to the outer surface of the tubular body through lateral openings, said tubular body opening, at first and second ends to be fixed to a first and a second member, by first and second second terminal openings, the cumulative surface of the lateral opening or openings representing more than 10% and less than 25% of the outer surface of said tubular body.
- the distance (D) between the two end openings varies from -20% to + 50% of the length of said tendon or ligament to be replaced.
- the equivalent area of the inner lumen (3) ranges from -50% to + 50% of the equivalent area of said tendon or ligament to be replaced.
- the side wall of said tubular body being made of a non-resorbable material selected from homopolymers or copolymers of silicone, polyurethane, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamide, polyaryl, fluoropolymers. polyfluoroethylene, polyacrylic acid, polyamide (nylon), polycarbonate. polysulfone, polybutadiene, polybutylene, polyethersulfone, polyetherimide, polyphenylene oxide, polymethylpentene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyphthalamide, polyphenylene sulfide, polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyimide, polymethyl methacrylate, or a mixture of these polymers.
- a non-resorbable material selected from homopolymers or copolymers of silicone, polyurethane, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamide, polyaryl, fluoropolymers. polyfluoroethylene, polyacrylic acid, polyamide (nylon), polycarbonate.
- At least one end of the tubular body having at least one attachment member of said implant to an organ.
- the invention also relates to a method for obtaining an implant according to one of claims 1 to 8 comprising the following steps:
- Figure 1 illustrates several views of a removable implant according to the invention.
- Figure 1A is a diagram of a section of the removable implant along the axis of its length.
- Figures 1B and 1C each show a top view of the removable implant.
- FIG. 2 illustrates the use of a removable implant for ligament generation.
- 2A is a diagram of the knee joint with intact ligament.
- Figure 2B is a diagram of the knee joint with a broken ligament.
- Figure 2C is a diagram of the knee joint with a broken ligament on which is shown a surgical opening to access the joint.
- FIG. 2D is a diagram showing the attachment of one of the removable ends of a removable implant according to the invention to the point of attachment of the future ligament, on a bone area which has previously undergone avitation.
- Figure 2E is a removable implant representative diagram of the invention which has been fixed at both ends to the respective attachment points of the future ligament on each of the bones to be joined.
- FIG. 2F is a diagram showing the removable implant according to the invention which is in place, after cutaneous surgical closure.
- Figure 3 is a snapshot of a histological section of a newly formed ligament after use and removal of a removable implant according to the invention.
- the present invention provides a removable implant (1) for generating a tendon or ligament to replace a disrupted tendon or ligament, said implant having a hollow tubular body (2) of a biocompatible and non-absorbable material comprising a lumen internal member (3), delimited by a side wall (4) pierced with one or more outlet openings (5) opening to the outer surface of the tubular body (2) through lateral openings, said tubular body (2) opening, at first and second ends (6-1, 6-2) intended to be fixed to a first and a second member, by first and second terminal openings (7-1, 7-2), the accumulated surface of the one or more lateral openings (5) representing more than 10% and less than 25% of the outer surface of said tubular body.
- a removable implant as specified in the present description allows the ex-nililo generation of a new tendon or a new ligament, replacing a tendon or a broken ligament. More specifically, it is shown according to the invention that an implant as defined above is capable of inducing the generation of a new tendon or a new ligament, the internal surface (8) of the lateral wall ( 4) the tubular body (2) guiding the development of a fibrotic tissue along the inner lumen (3), to form a neo-tissue having the shape (macroscopic architecture) and the microscopic architecture of a tendon or a complete ligament (see the snapshot of Figure 3).
- the shape of the new tendon or ligament is imposed by the shape of the inner lumen (3) of the removable implant (1).
- the removable implant (!) Is placed in the body of the patient with (i) the first end opening (7-1) placed next to a first bone area showing the point of attachment of the future ligament to a first bone and (ii) the second terminal opening (7-2) placed next to a second bone zone showing the point of attachment of the future ligament to a second bone , it being understood that each of the first and second bone zones have been previously brightened, for example by scraping, prior to placement of the implant. It is specified that each of the two ends (6-1, 6-2) of the implant are fixed on each of the two bones.
- the fibrotic tissue generated at the level of the bone advancing zones progresses and is guided along the internal lumen (3) of the implant (1) and that the collagen fibers and the fibroblasts contained in the neo-tissue are oriented in the direction of formation of neo-tissue, as in a normal ligamentous tissue.
- the progress of the neo-tissue in the internal lumen (3) of the tubular body (2) of the implant (1) is made possible by the lateral openings (5) through which flow outside the implant (1) the inflammatory fluids of the healing tissue (represented by the reference (9) in FIG.
- each of the ends (6-1, 6-2) of the implant (1) fixed respectively on each of the two bones, are movable relative to one another, and the ligamentous neotissu is rapidly subjected to cycles or mechanical constraints of the joint.
- the neo-tissue under construction adapts its development to the physical stimuli to which it is exposed, resulting in the microscopic architecture of the neo-tissue gradually moving in the axis of the constraints to which it is subjected.
- one of the end openings ( 7- 1. 7-2) of the implant (1) is placed opposite a muscular zone or a residual tendonous stump (residue) representing the point of attachment of the future tendon to a muscle, said muscle zone or residual tendon that has previously undergone an abrasion, for example by scraping the muscle stump.
- the presence of the lateral openings (5) is essential for the evacuation of the biological fluids (9) contained in the internal lumen (3), thus allowing the progression of the neo-tendonous tissue or the neo-ligamentous tissue in the removable implant ( 1).
- the evacuation of the biological fluids (9) is reduced and their presence in the inner lumen (3) prevents the normal progression of neo-tissue in said inner lumen (3).
- the duration of complete generation of a new tendon or ligament increases substantially, which is detrimental to a rapid healing of the animal or patient.
- a reduced rate of evacuation of the biological fluids (9) contained in the internal lumen (3) of the removable implant (1) is likely to alter the microscopic architecture of the neo-tissue and in particular to affect the orientation of bundles of collagen fibers, which determine the location of sets of cells, particularly fibroblasts contained in the tissue being formed.
- the cumulative surface area of the lateral opening (s) (5) is less than 10% of the outer surface of said tubular body (2), vascularization of the neo-tissue is reduced, resulting in insufficiency of infusion of this neo-tissue. tissue and consequently a reduced development of this neo-tissue.
- the general consequence is the formation of a deficient tendonous or ligamentous neo-tissue, which is not able to fulfill the mechanical functions of the tendon or the ligament which was previously broken.
- the cumulative surface of the lateral opening (s) (5) represents more than 25% of the outer surface of said tubular body (2)
- the macroscopic architecture of the new tendon or ligament is likely to be affected by the fact that the side wall (4) no longer completely functions as a "mold" to conform the regenerating tissue that progresses into the inner lumen (3).
- a too large cumulative surface of the lateral openings (5) relative to the outer surface of the tubular body (2) is also likely to alter the mechanical strength properties of the removable implant (1), in particular the body tubular (2) thereof.
- the mechanical function of the removable temporary replacement implant of the disrupted tendon or ligament would not be ensured, which would result in immobilization, or at least significant discomfort, of the animal or the human patient until to the complete generation of the new tendon or ligament.
- the cumulative surface area of the lateral opening (s) (5) is greater than 25% of the outer surface of said tubular body (2), then it will apply to the neoligament or neo-tendon being developed.
- eccentric mechanical stresses exerted by the tissues surrounding the removable implant These eccentric stresses will parasitize the mechanical stresses parallel to the axis of the tube which provide the desired longitudinal orientation of the collagen fibers.
- the light of the side openings (5), delimited by the thickness of the side wall (4), is cylindrical.
- the light of the lateral openings (5) delimited by the thickness of the side wall (4), is frustoconical, with preferably the largest diameter on the side of the light (3), c that is to say on the side of the inner surface of the side wall (4), and the smaller diameter on the side of the outer surface of the side wall (4).
- the diameter of the lateral openings (5) at the level of the lateral wall (4) varies from 10 ⁇ to 1 mm, better still from 5 ⁇ to 100 ⁇ .
- said orifices (5) are preferably distributed substantially homogeneously over most of the length L of the tubular body (2).
- a substantially homogeneous distribution of the outlets (5) is favorable to the development of a tendentious or ligamentous tissue having, throughout its length, a suitable microscopic architecture.
- outlet orifices (5) is (are) each axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the tubular body (2).
- the side wall (4) of the tubular body (2) may comprise a plurality of outlet orifices (5) angularly arranged at 120 ° from each other.
- the primary resistance of the removable implant (1) allowing the tendino-ligamentous genesis ensures immediately, but temporarily, the function of the ligament / tendon broken and is gradually relayed by the neo-ligament / tendon being formed. In time, the removable implant (1) is removed surgically.
- a removable implant (1) as specified in the present description has made it possible to generate de novo in the animal a tissue structure having the macroscopic aspect and the microscopic aspect. ligament or tendon. After removal of the implant (1), a new ligament or a new autologous tendon has been generated, which replaces the ligament or the fractured tendon.
- the removable implant (1) has many advantages over known implants, which are listed below.
- the use of the removable implant according to the invention makes it possible to dispense with the removal of a tendon ligament elsewhere in the body of the patient. This avoids the loss of physiological function of the tendon / ligament removed which is intended to replace the broken tendon.
- the vascularized nature of the neo-tendon generated by the removable implant (1) causes better healing than with a tendon extracted from its donor site and which is, by definition, devascularized. Also, the surgical procedure is simplified since no tendon of the patient is taken for autografting.
- the risk of rejection is avoided, as well as the risk of transmission of infectious agents from the donor tissue.
- the vascularized nature of the neo-tendon generated by the removable implant (1) results in better healing than with a tendon extracted from its donor site and which is, by definition, devascularized.
- the living character (cells) of the neo-ligament is the guarantor of its survival and maintenance of its mechanical properties over time.
- a synthetic transplant is inexorably doomed to break, by wear.
- the use of the removable implant according to the invention because it is removed after the complete generation of a tendon or a ligament, does not result in the formation of wear debris in the patient's body, which can seriously affect the health of the patient.
- the implant (1) is surgically removable without damaging the neo-ligament / transplant, which avoids the complications related to: (i) wear debris transplantation, (ii) surgical treatment in case of infection: such a complication would require the removal of the transplant but if the latter is entangled with the neotissu (bio-synthetic transplant with integrated extracellular matrix), then it is obligatory to remove the neo-tissue and the transplant, (iii) the simplicity of development: in particular, the removable implant (1) being completely hollow, one does not encounter the difficulties related to the design, the manufacture, the use and cost of an extracellular matrix.
- the length L between the first and second end openings (7-1, 7-2) is determined by the length of the tendon or the ligament to be replaced.
- the average length of a tendon or ligament of a man or an animal is well known to those skilled in the art.
- the length of the tendon or ligament to be replaced in an individual can now be precisely determined, for example by measurement using medical imaging techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
- MRI magnetic resonance imaging
- the distance (D) between the two terminal openings (7-1, 7-2) varies from -20% to + 20% of the length of said tendon or ligament to be replaced.
- the length L of a removable implant (1) intended for the replacement of the Achilles tendon of an adult human is approximately 15 centimeters.
- the length L of a removable implant (1) for replacing the long flexor tendon of the thumb would be about 200 mm.
- the length L of a removable implant (1) intended to replace a cruciate ligament of the knee of an adult human is approximately 1 1 cm.
- the removable implant (1) can be used to generate new tendons or ligaments in mammals in general, which includes both small rodents and humans, resulting in length L being very varied in size.
- the length L between the first and second terminal openings (7-1, 7-2) of the tubular body (2) can vary from 3 mm to 250 mm, depending on whether the organ to be replaced is a tendon or a ligament and depending on the type of mammal considered.
- the length L can vary from 3mm to 100mm.
- the length L may vary from 50 mm to 250 mm.
- the removable implant (1) allows the generation of a tendon or a ligament whose tissue structure has the macroscopic appearance, that is to say the same size and the same form, as the tendon or ligament broken. It is shown according to the invention that the neo-fabric which is generated and which progresses along the internal lumen (3) is in a way "molded" in the latter, of which it takes the form.
- the shape and size (eg diameter) of a section along the transverse axis of the new tendon or ligament is approximately the same as the shape and size along the transverse axis of the internal lumen (3) of the removable implant.
- the section of the internal lumen of said tubular body, along the transverse axis has a shape similar to the shape of the transverse section of the ligament or tendon to be replaced.
- section (S) (reference S in FIG. 1A) of the internal lumen of said tubular body, along the transverse axis, has an equivalent surface similar to the equivalent surface of the transverse section of the ligament or tendon to be replaced.
- the cross section (S) of the inner lumen (3) comprises a plane which is delimited by the inner face of the lateral envelope (4) of the removable implant, said plane having a so-called “equivalent surface” surface of the section (S).
- the size of a section (S) along the transverse axis of the inner lumen (3) can vary considerably.
- the shape of a section along the transverse axis of the inner lumen (3) may vary, for example depending on whether it is desired to replace a tendon or ligament flat or rather cylindrical shape. Regardless of its shape, the size of the section along the transverse axis of the inner lumen (3) can be expressed by its surface (or equivalent area).
- the equivalent surface of the internal lumen (3) of the implant (1) varies from -20% to + 20% the value of the equivalent surface of said tendon or ligament to be replaced.
- the size of the section along the transverse axis of the Achilles tendon of an adult human is approximately 5 to 6 mm.
- the Achilles tendon being approximately cylindrical, the cross-sectional area of its section is about 19.63 mm 2 to 28.26 mm 2 .
- preference is given to using such an implant whose section of the inner lumen (3) along the transverse axis is approximately cylindrical. and has an equivalent area of from 20 mm to 30 mm 2 .
- the size of the section along the transverse axis of a cruciate ligament of the knee of an adult human is about 10 mm.
- the cruciate ligament of the knee being approximately cylindrical, the surface of its section along the transverse axis is about 78.5 mm.
- the equivalent surface of the inner lumen (3) of tubular body (2) of the detachable implant (1), along the transverse axis can vary from about 0.7 mm 2 to about 1000 mm 2.
- the equivalent surface of the inner lumen (3) of the tubular body (2) of the removable implant (1) can vary from about -0.7
- the equivalent surface of the inner lumen (3) of the tubular body (2) of the removable implant (1) can vary from about 0.7 mm 2 to about 1000 mm 2 .
- the implant (1) according to the invention is a removable implant, that is to say that it is intended to be implanted transiently in the human body for a period of time sufficient to allow the complete generation of a new tendon or ligament, replacing a disrupted tendon or ligament.
- the removable implant (!) Transiently ensures the mechanical function of the tendon or the disrupted ligament, which causes the tubular body (2) to have a mechanical behavior similar to that of the tendon or the ligament failure.
- the removable implant (1) can be removed. It is therefore proceeded to removal of the removable implant (1) after the new tendon or the new ligament has been completely generated and again ensures the mechanical function of the tendon or ligament broken.
- the removable implant (1) and in particular the tubular body (2), is made of a biocompatible and non-resorbable material.
- biocompatible material for purposes of the present description is meant a material that does not degrade the biological medium in which it is used.
- a biocompatible material is not toxic to the organism in which it is implanted, and is in particular devoid of eytotoxic property, property of systemic toxicity or the ability to induce an inflammatory reaction that may adversely affect the organism. patient's health.
- non-absorbable material for purposes of this specification is meant a material that will not be substantially modified during its residence time in the body of a mammal, particularly in the human body.
- the non-resorbable materials include materials that are not substantially modified by their implantation for a period of six months in the body of a mammal, in particular in the human body. Included are materials whose strength properties are not impaired after a residence time of six months in the body of a mammal, particularly in the human body.
- the maximum elongation of the tubular body (2) varies from 10% to 50% of its initial length at rest, under the effect of a stretching force of 20%. Newtons exerted along its longitudinal axis, which includes from 20% to 50% of its initial length at rest.
- said implant or at least the lateral wall (4) of the tubular body (2), is made of a non-resorbable material chosen from homopolymers or copolymers of silicone, polyurethane, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamide, polyaryl, fluoropolymers, polyfluoroethylene, polyacrylic acid, polyamide (nylon), polycarbonate, polysulfone, polybutadiene, polybutylene, polyethersulfone, polyetherimide, polyphenylene oxide, polymethylpentene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyphthalamide, polyphenylene, polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyimide, polymethylmethacrylate, or a mixture of these polymers.
- a non-resorbable material chosen from homopolymers or copolymers of silicone, polyurethane, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamide, polyaryl, fluoropolymers, polyfluoroethylene, polyacrylic acid, polyamide (nylon
- the thickness "E" of the side wall of the tubular body (2) can be varied, according to the embodiments of the removable implant (1).
- the thickness E may depend on the material constituting the lateral wall (4) of the tubular body (2), and in particular on the mechanical properties of said material.
- the person skilled in the art can easily determine the thickness E, on the basis of his general technical knowledge and the information he has on the mechanical properties of a given material, in particular the elongation properties of said material under the effect of a pull.
- the thickness E of said side wall, for producing an implant for the replacement of the Achilles tendon in an adult male may vary from 1 mm to 3 mm
- the removable implant (1) it is essential that it be held in a fixed position in the body of the animal or patient, where the terminal openings (7- 1, 7-2) lead to each of the attachment zones of the future tendon or ligament, namely (i) the attachment bone areas if the generation of a new ligament is desired and (ii) the muscle zone and the bone attachment area if the generation of a new tendon is sought (see Figure 2).
- said implant does not include an attachment element of the first and second end (6-1, 6-2) respectively to a first and a second member.
- an end end of the removable implant (1) can be attached to the bone or muscle stump by performing a suture.
- the surface of the tubular body (2) which is in close proximity to the end openings (6-1, 6-2) does not have a lateral opening (5).
- At least one of the two ends (6-1, 6-2) comprises an attachment element of the implant to an organ, bone or muscle.
- Said fixing element may be chosen from the numerous fasteners used in the surgical field and well known to those skilled in the art, such as surgical staples or surgical anchors, a screwed system.
- a removable implant (1) may comprise at least one of its ends (6-1, 6-2) a hollow circular fastening element comprising a side wall forming a screw thread towards the exterior, the interior of said side wall delimiting a lumen of the fastener, and said lumen being in fluid communication with the inner lumen (3) opening at the end in question (6-1, 6-2) of the body tubular (2).
- the removable implant (1) can be fixed on the bone area chosen as attachment point of the future tendon or ligament, on which has been previously dug a cavity whose side wall comprises a screw thread, complementary screw pitch of the fastening element fitted to the removable implant (1).
- the removable implant (1) may further preferably have on the inner surface of the side wall (4) which is in direct contact with the inner lumen (3), one or more active compounds for improving tissue repair, in particular chosen among antiseptic agents, anti-inflammatory agents, growth factors, polysaccharides such as fucans, proteins such as fibronectin, laminin, elastin, glycosaminoglycans, proteoglycans and mixtures thereof.
- active compound (s) are present in the form of a layer which covers at least a portion and up to the entire inner surface of the side wall (4) of the tabular body (2).
- the inner surface of the side wall (4) comprises a layer of a composition comprising a substance, or a combination of substances to promote the formation of tendon tissue or ligamentous.
- a composition comprising a substance, or a combination of substances to promote the formation of tendon tissue or ligamentous.
- TGF Transforming Growth Factor
- PDGF Platelet-Derived Growth Factor
- EGF Epidermal Growth Factor
- FGF Fibroblast Growth Factor
- IGF Insulin-like Growth Factor
- GDF Growth and Differentiation Factor
- the present invention also relates to a method for obtaining an implant as defined in the present description, said method comprising the following steps:
- the measurement of the tendon or ligament to be replaced may include (i) determining the type of tendon or ligament to be replaced as well as the non-human or human mammal concerned as well as age and (ii) determine using the information known in the state of the art the size of the tendon or ligament to replace.
- the measurement of the tendon or of the ligament to be replaced can be achieved by methods implementing medical imaging techniques, such as for example the Resonance Imaging technique. Magnetic (MRI).
- medical imaging techniques such as for example the Resonance Imaging technique. Magnetic (MRI).
- MRI Magnetic
- the measurement of a tendon or a ligament to be replaced can be carried out for example by determining the length of said tendon or ligament, this length possibly corresponding to the shortest distance between the two attachment points of each of its ends. on an organ, bone or muscle.
- the measurement of the tendon or ligament advantageously also includes that of its section along its transverse axis.
- said tendon or ligament may be likened to a cylinder and the extent of its cross-sectional area may be the value of its radius or diameter.
- step a) of the method in particular when step a) is performed using medical imaging techniques such as MRI, specific geometry can also be taken into account.
- the actual manufacturing step of the removable implant (1) may have been performed beforehand.
- a collection of implants is manufactured beforehand. The measurement of the tendon or the ligament to be replaced is then carried out, and then the implant, whose size, in particular the equivalent surface of the internal lumen, is closest to the surface is selected from the previously supplied implant collection. equivalent of the section along the transverse axis of the tendon or ligament to be replaced.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA2952731A CA2952731A1 (fr) | 2014-06-25 | 2015-06-24 | Implant amovible pour generer un tendon ou un ligament |
EP15731901.3A EP3160391A1 (fr) | 2014-06-25 | 2015-06-24 | Implant amovible pour générer un tendon ou un ligament |
US15/320,854 US20170143469A1 (en) | 2014-06-25 | 2015-06-24 | Removable implant for generating a tendon or a ligament |
AU2015279229A AU2015279229A1 (en) | 2014-06-25 | 2015-06-24 | Removable implant for generating a tendon or a ligament |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1455926 | 2014-06-25 | ||
FR1455926A FR3022765B1 (fr) | 2014-06-25 | 2014-06-25 | Implant amovible pour generer un tendon ou un ligament en remplacement d'un tendon ou d'un ligament rompu |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2015197687A1 true WO2015197687A1 (fr) | 2015-12-30 |
Family
ID=51830429
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2015/064246 WO2015197687A1 (fr) | 2014-06-25 | 2015-06-24 | Implant amovible pour générer un tendon ou un ligament |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20170143469A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP3160391A1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2015279229A1 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2952731A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3022765B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2015197687A1 (fr) |
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- 2015-06-24 AU AU2015279229A patent/AU2015279229A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2015-06-24 EP EP15731901.3A patent/EP3160391A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2015279229A1 (en) | 2017-02-16 |
EP3160391A1 (fr) | 2017-05-03 |
US20170143469A1 (en) | 2017-05-25 |
CA2952731A1 (fr) | 2015-12-30 |
FR3022765B1 (fr) | 2016-07-08 |
FR3022765A1 (fr) | 2016-01-01 |
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