WO2015196743A1 - 主动配电网的重构方法和装置 - Google Patents
主动配电网的重构方法和装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015196743A1 WO2015196743A1 PCT/CN2014/093191 CN2014093191W WO2015196743A1 WO 2015196743 A1 WO2015196743 A1 WO 2015196743A1 CN 2014093191 W CN2014093191 W CN 2014093191W WO 2015196743 A1 WO2015196743 A1 WO 2015196743A1
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- the present invention relates to the field of distribution networks, and in particular to a method and apparatus for reconstructing an active distribution network.
- the distribution network arranges the power generation plan. Under the current network structure, it satisfies the power balance constraint, the branch overload constraint, etc., with the goal of minimizing the purchase cost, and reasonably arranging the share of the main network purchase and the distributed power purchase.
- Distribution network reconfiguration is to find the network topology with the smallest network loss. Both are to get the best economic indicators, that is, the sum of the electricity purchase cost and the network loss cost is the lowest. The purchase cost and the network loss cost are mutually influential.
- the output of distributed power generation in the power purchase scheme affects the distribution network reconstruction; the network topology structure after the network reconstruction has affected the network loss, which in turn affects the power purchase plan.
- Active distribution network technology can solve large-scale intermittent renewable energy in power grid applications, improve green energy utilization, and optimize primary energy structure.
- the active distribution network is a distribution network with the ability to combine and control various distributed power sources, controllable loads, energy storage, and demand side management. Its purpose is to increase the capacity of the distribution network for renewable energy, improve the utilization of distribution network assets, delay the upgrade investment of the distribution network, and improve the user's power quality and power supply reliability.
- Renewable energy and clean fossil energy are increasingly distributed in active distribution networks in the form of distributed generation.
- the distribution network plans to fully consider the purchase power of the distributed power supply and the purchase ratio of the main network, so that the total purchase cost is the least.
- the measurement, control and information transmission of the active distribution network provide conditions for the realization of the distribution network reconstruction.
- Distribution network reconfiguration is also a part of the active distribution network economic operation. In the prior art, when the active distribution network is reconstructed, the problem of the cost of purchasing electricity and the topology of the active distribution network cannot be considered.
- the main object of the present invention is to provide a method and a device for reconstructing an active distribution network, so as to solve the problem that the power purchase cost and the topology of the active distribution network cannot be taken into account when performing active distribution network reconstruction.
- a method of reconstructing an active distribution network includes: obtaining an objective function of a minimum power generation cost; performing calculation according to an objective function of the minimum power generation cost to obtain a first power purchase plan; and in the first power purchase plan Obtaining a first primary network power and a first distributed power; obtaining an objective function of a minimum network loss cost; and substituting the first primary network power and the first distributed power into the minimum network loss cost
- An objective function calculating a first topology; determining whether a sum of a power generation cost under the first power purchase plan and a network loss cost under the first topology satisfies a preset condition; and if a preset condition is met
- the first power purchasing scheme and the first topology are used as a reconstruction scheme of the active power distribution network.
- the method further includes: at the first Under the topology, the calculation is performed according to the objective function of the minimum power generation cost to obtain a second power purchase plan; the second main network power and the second distributed power source when the second power purchase plan is acquired; The second main network power and the second distributed power supply are substituted into the objective function of the minimum network loss cost to obtain a second topology; determining the power generation cost under the second power purchase scheme and the second Whether the difference between the sum of the network loss costs of the topology and the sum of the power generation cost under the first power purchase plan and the network loss cost of the first topology meets a preset accuracy value; if the preset accuracy is met a value, the second power purchase scheme and the second topology are used as a reconstruction scheme of the active distribution network; and if the preset accuracy value is not met, under the second topology Continue to be based on The minimum cost of power purchase program to calculate
- f 1 is the cost of power generation
- c sysV is the price of electricity purchased from the grid in a single period
- p sys is the actual active power purchased from the grid in a single period
- n is the number of nodes in the distribution network
- c DGVi is distributed on the i-node.
- the price of the power source, p DGi is the power generated by the distributed power source at the i-node.
- the active power of the single-segment power purchase from the power grid follows the following constraints: p sys ⁇ p sysmax ,
- p sys is the actual active power purchased from the main network in a single period
- p sysmax is the maximum active power purchased from the main network in a single period
- the power generation power of the distributed power source on the i-node follows the following constraint: p DGi ⁇ p DGimax ,
- p DGi is the actual power generated by the distributed power source on the i-node in a single period, and the rated power of the distributed power source on the i-node of P DGimax .
- f 2 is the network loss
- b is the number of branches
- k j is the state variable of switch j, is 0 to 1 discrete
- 0 is open
- 1 is closed
- r j is the resistance of branch j
- P lj is the active power and reactive power flowing through the j-end of the branch
- U j is the node voltage at the end of the branch j.
- the method further includes obtaining the calculated active power and the reactive power by:
- P i, Q i to node i are injection of active power, reactive power;
- U i, U j are nodes i, j of the voltage;
- Gi j, Bi j and [Delta] I j are nodes i, j conductance, Susceptance and phase angle difference
- the voltage of the node i follows the following constraint condition: U imin ⁇ U i ⁇ U imax
- U imax and U imin are the upper and lower limits of the effective value of the node i voltage, respectively.
- S j is the actual flow power of the j-th branch
- S jmax is the maximum transmission power of the j-th branch.
- an apparatus for reconfiguring an active distribution network includes: a first acquisition unit for acquiring an objective function of a minimum power generation cost; and a first calculation unit configured to perform calculation according to an objective function of the minimum power generation cost a power purchasing solution, the second acquiring unit, configured to acquire the first main network power and the first distributed power source during the first power purchasing scheme, and the third acquiring unit, configured to acquire the minimum network loss cost target a second computing unit, configured to substitute the first primary network power and the first distributed power supply into an objective function of the minimum network loss cost, to obtain a first topology structure; and a determining unit, configured to: Determining whether a sum of a power generation cost under the first power purchase scheme and a network loss fee under the first topology satisfies a preset condition; and determining a unit, when the preset condition is met, The first power purchasing scheme and the first topology are used as a
- the objective function of obtaining the minimum power generation cost is adopted; the calculation is performed according to the objective function of the minimum power generation cost, and the first power purchase plan is obtained; in the first power purchase plan, the first main network power and the first distributed power source are acquired.
- FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for reconstructing an active distribution network according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a bi-level plan view in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method of reconstructing an active distribution network in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a reconfiguration apparatus of an active distribution network in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
- Embodiments of the present invention provide a method for reconstructing an active distribution network.
- FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of reconstructing an active distribution network in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the method for reconstructing the active distribution network includes the following steps:
- Step S102 obtaining an objective function of a minimum power generation cost.
- Step S104 performing calculation according to the objective function of the minimum power generation cost, to obtain a first power purchase plan.
- Step S106 Acquire the first primary network power and the first distributed power supply power during the first power purchase plan.
- Step S108 obtaining an objective function of the minimum network loss cost.
- Step S110 the first main network power and the first distributed power supply are substituted into an objective function of the minimum network loss cost, and the first topology is calculated.
- Step S112 determining whether the sum of the power generation cost under the first power purchase plan and the network loss cost under the first topology structure meets a preset condition.
- Step S114 if the preset condition is met, the first power purchasing scheme and the first topology are used as a reconstruction scheme of the active distribution network.
- the power purchase plan when the power generation cost is minimum is calculated. Since the active distribution network includes the main network power generation and the distributed power supply, when the minimum power purchase scheme is obtained, the primary network power and the distributed power supply of the active distribution network can be determined, that is, the first primary network power and the first distribution. Power supply.
- the first main network power and the second distributed power source are substituted into the objective function of the minimum network loss cost, and the topology structure of the active distribution network when the network loss is minimum is calculated. That is the first topology.
- the pre-set condition is satisfied after the purchase cost of the first power purchase plan and the network loss cost of the first topology is used, and if the preset condition is met, the first power purchase plan and the first topology are used as Active distribution network reconfiguration solution.
- the first power purchase plan and the first topology are calculated by the objective function of the minimum power generation cost objective function and the minimum network loss cost. Since the first topology structure is calculated in the case of the first power purchase plan, the calculation is performed.
- the topology also takes into account the cost of purchasing electricity. Therefore, the final reconstruction plan takes into account the cost of electricity purchase and the cost of network loss, and obtains the optimal reconstruction scheme of the active distribution network, which not only solves the problem of active distribution network. When refactoring, it is impossible to balance the cost of purchasing electricity and the topology of the active distribution network, and it can also reduce the cost of active distribution network reconstruction.
- the method further includes:
- the calculation is again performed according to the objective function of the minimum power generation cost to obtain a second power purchase plan.
- a second topology is obtained by substituting the second primary network power and the second distributed power to the objective function of the minimum network loss cost.
- the second power purchase scheme and the second topology are used as a reconstruction scheme of the active distribution network.
- the power purchase plan is continued to be calculated based on the objective function of the minimum power generation cost.
- the second power purchase scheme is obtained again according to the objective function of the minimum power generation cost. Obtaining the primary network power and the distributed power of the active distribution network in the case of the second power purchase scheme, that is, the second primary network power and the second distributed power.
- the second primary network power and the second distributed power supply are then substituted into the objective function of the minimum network loss cost to calculate the second topology.
- the second power purchase scheme is determined by the first topology, and the second topology structure is obtained by the second power purchase scheme, so that the power purchase scheme and the topology structure are mutually verified, and therefore, the power purchase cost and the first power purchase scheme
- the difference between the sum of the network loss costs of a topology structure and the sum of the power purchase cost of the second power purchase plan and the network loss of the second topology structure determines whether the difference satisfies the preset accuracy value, and if the accuracy value is satisfied And determining the second power purchasing scheme and the second topology as the reconstruction scheme of the active power distribution network. If the accuracy value is not met, the power purchase may be recalculated according to the objective function of the minimum power generation cost in the second topology. Program.
- the first layer passes the optimal power flow to obtain distributed power and mains power.
- the two variables are passed to the second layer plan, and the genetic algorithm is used to reconstruct the distribution network to obtain the distribution network topology under the minimum network loss.
- the network loss ratio is changed, causing the power of the main network to change, and the power purchase plan of the first layer is no longer optimal.
- This structure may cause the original power purchase plan to be overloaded on some branches. Therefore, the network topology of the second layer calculation result is transmitted to the first layer, and the optimal power flow calculation is performed again.
- the objective function of the minimum power generation cost is
- f 1 is the cost of power generation
- c sysV is the price of electricity purchased from the grid in a single period
- p sys is the actual active power purchased from the grid in a single period
- n is the number of nodes in the distribution network
- c DGVi is distributed on the i-node.
- the price of the power source, p DGi is the actual power generated by the distributed power source at the i-node.
- the purchase of electricity costs and distributed power is used as the cost of electricity purchase under the first power purchase plan. After the minimum purchase cost is determined, the active power of the purchased electricity and the active power of the generated electricity can be determined. The sum of the cost of purchasing electricity from the main network and the power generation cost of the distributed power source is the minimum power generation cost.
- the active power purchased from the grid in a single period of time complies with the following constraints:
- p sys is the actual active power purchased from the main network in a single period
- p sysmax is the maximum active power purchased from the main network in a single period
- the actual active power purchased from the main network in a single period is less than or equal to the maximum active power purchased from the main network in a single period.
- the power generated by the distributed power source on the i-node follows the following constraints:
- p DGi is the actual power generated by the distributed power source on the i-node in a single period, and the rated power of the distributed power source on the i-node of P DGimax .
- the actual power generation of the distributed power source on the i-node in a single time period is less than or equal to the rated power of the distributed power source.
- the minimum power generation cost is calculated by the objective function of the minimum power generation cost, and the power purchase power of the active distribution network from the main network and the power generation of the distributed power source are determined when the minimum power generation cost is obtained.
- the internal point method is used to calculate the power flow, and the power balance constraint, the node voltage constraint, the branch power constraint, and the power supply power constraint are satisfied, and the power purchased from the main network and the power generated by the distributed power source are obtained.
- the minimum network loss is determined by the objective function of the minimum network loss cost:
- f 2 is the network loss
- b is the number of branches
- k j is the state variable of switch j, is 0 to 1 discrete
- 0 is open
- 1 is closed
- r j is the resistance of branch j
- P lj is the active power and reactive power flowing through the j-end of the branch
- U j is the node voltage at the end of the branch j.
- the calculated active power and reactive power are obtained by:
- P i and Q i respectively inject active power and reactive power into the node i.
- U i and U j are the voltages of nodes i and j, respectively.
- G ij , B ij and ⁇ ij are the conductance, susceptance and phase angle difference of nodes i and j, respectively
- the genetic algorithm is used to reconstruct the network, and the power balance constraint, node voltage constraint and branch power constraint are satisfied, and the network topology with the smallest network loss is obtained.
- the voltage of node i follows the following constraints:
- U imax and U imin are the upper and lower limits of the effective value of the node i voltage, respectively. That is, the voltage of the node i is greater than or equal to the lower limit of the voltage effective value of the node i, and is less than or equal to the upper limit of the voltage effective value of the node i.
- the power of the branch satisfies the following constraint condition: S j ⁇ S jmax , where S j is the actual flow of power of the j-th branch. S jmax is the maximum transmission power of the j-th branch.
- the actual flow power of the branch is less than or equal to the maximum value of the transmission power of the branch to ensure that the branch is not overloaded.
- the optimal power flow calculates the power purchase cost of the active distribution network from the main network and the power generation cost of the distributed power supply.
- the known data required for calculation are: (1) node class: node type (load node) , generator node, distributed power node), active power and reactive power; (2) branch type: end node number, branch type (transformer, line) impedance, admittance, ratio; (3) economy Class: main network power generation cost curve, power generation cost curve of distributed power supply; (4) Constraint conditions: power balance constraint, node voltage constraint, branch power constraint, power supply power constraint; (5) calculation control variable: accuracy of iterative calculation The number of iterations, the number of populations in the genetic algorithm, the number of genetic iterations, the crossover and the probability of mutation.
- the internal point method is used to calculate the power flow, which satisfies the power balance constraint, the node voltage constraint, the branch power, and the power supply constraints.
- the power purchased from the main network and the power generated by the distributed power are obtained.
- Node injection power The node injection power is substituted into the objective function of the distribution network reconstruction to obtain the network loss cost.
- the power generation cost is calculated by the optimal power flow calculation.
- the difference between the power generation cost and the network loss cost calculated by two adjacent iterations is obtained by two iterations, and it is judged whether the difference satisfies the accuracy requirement, and when the accuracy requirement is met, the calculation is ended, and when the accuracy requirement is not met, the continuation is continued.
- the optimal power flow calculation is performed, that is, the power generation cost of the active distribution network is calculated.
- the embodiment of the invention takes into consideration the comprehensive optimal solution of the electricity purchase fee and the network loss fee.
- Establish a two-layer planning model jointly optimize the power generation cost and network loss of the active distribution network.
- the power purchase strategy, the power purchase power under the power purchase strategy and the power generation power of the distributed power source are transmitted to the second layer plan; the second layer plan, the distribution network reconstruction model is established with the minimum network loss as the target, and the genetic algorithm is used to solve this problem.
- the model obtains the network topology, passes the network topology to the first-level planning model, re-purchases the power strategy, solves it through multiple iterations, and finally ends the iterative calculation when the preset accuracy is met, and obtains the power purchase plan and network topology structure.
- the cost of the active distribution network is balanced with the power generated.
- the embodiment of the invention also provides a reconstruction device for an active distribution network.
- the method for reconfiguring the active distribution network in the embodiment of the present invention can be performed by the reconfiguration device of the active distribution network provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
- the reconfiguration device of the active distribution network in the embodiment of the present invention can also be used.
- a method for reconstructing an active distribution network provided by an embodiment of the present invention is performed.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a reconfiguration apparatus of an active distribution network in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. As shown, the reconfiguration device of the active distribution network includes
- the first acquisition unit 10 is configured to acquire an objective function of a minimum power generation cost.
- the first calculating unit 20 is configured to perform calculation according to an objective function of the minimum power generation cost to obtain a first power purchasing plan.
- the second obtaining unit 30 is configured to acquire the first primary network power and the first distributed power supply when the first power purchasing solution is used.
- the third obtaining unit 40 is configured to acquire an objective function of the minimum network loss cost.
- the second calculating unit 50 is configured to substitute the first primary network power and the first distributed power to the objective function of the minimum network loss cost, and calculate the first topology.
- the determining unit 60 is configured to determine whether the sum of the power generation cost under the first power purchase plan and the network loss fee under the first topology structure meets a preset condition.
- the determining unit 70 is configured to use the first power purchasing scheme and the first topology as a reconstruction scheme of the active distribution network when the preset condition is met.
- the power purchase plan when the power generation cost is minimum is calculated. Since the active distribution network includes the main network power generation and the distributed power supply, when the minimum power purchase scheme is obtained, the primary network power and the distributed power supply of the active distribution network can be determined, that is, the first primary network power and the first distribution. Power supply.
- the first main network power and the second distributed power source are substituted into the objective function of the minimum network loss cost, and the topology structure of the active distribution network when the network loss is minimum is calculated. That is the first topology.
- the pre-set condition is satisfied after the purchase cost of the first power purchase plan and the network loss cost of the first topology is used, and if the preset condition is met, the first power purchase plan and the first topology are used as Active distribution network reconfiguration solution.
- the first power purchase plan and the first topology structure are calculated by the objective function of the minimum power generation cost objective function and the minimum network loss cost, since the first topology structure is calculated in the case of the first power purchase plan, in the calculation topology
- the structure also takes into account the cost of purchasing electricity. Therefore, the final reconstruction plan takes into account the cost of electricity purchase and the cost of network loss, and obtains the optimal reconstruction scheme of the active distribution network.
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种主动配电网的重构方法和装置。其中,该主动配电网的重构方法包括:获取最小发电费用的目标函数;根据最小发电费用的目标函数进行计算,得到第一购电方案;在第一购电方案时,获取第一主网功率和第一分布式电源功率;获取最小网损费用的目标函数;将第一主网功率和第一分布式电源功率代入至最小网损费用的目标函数,计算得到第一拓扑结构;判断在第一购电方案下的发电费用与在第一拓扑结构下的网损费用之和是否满足预设条件;以及如果满足预设条件,则将第一购电方案和第一拓扑结构作为主动配电网的重构方案。通过本发明,解决了在进行主动配电网重构时,无法兼顾购电费用和主动配电网的拓扑结构的问题。
Description
本发明涉及配电网领域,具体而言,涉及一种主动配电网的重构方法和装置。
主动配电网中,有大量的分布式电源,如燃气轮机、光伏发电、风力发电等。配电网安排发电计划,在基于当前的网络结构下,满足功率平衡约束,支路过载约束等,以购电费最小为目标,合理安排主网购电和分布式电源购电份额。配网重构是为了寻求网损最小的网络拓扑结构。两者都是为了得到最优的经济指标,即购电费用和网损费用之和最低。购电费用和网损费用两者之间是互相影响的。购电方案中分布式发电的出力,影响配网重构;配网重构后的网络拓扑结构,影响网损的多少,进而影响购电计划。
主动配电网技术能够解决电网应用大规模间歇式可再生能源,提高绿色能源利用率,优化一次能源结构等问题。主动配电网是具备组合控制各种分布式电源、可控负荷、储能、需求侧管理等能力的配电网络。其目的是加大配电网对于可再生能源的接纳能力,提升配电网资产的利用率,延缓配电网的升级投资,以及提高用户的用电质量和供电可靠性。
可再生能源、清洁化石能源以分布式发电的形式,在主动配网中越来越多。配网安排发电计划要充分考虑分布式电源的购电与主网的购电比例,使总的购电费用最少。同时主动配网的测量、控制、信息传输,为配网重构的实现提供了条件。配网重构也是主动配电网经济运行的一个内容。现有技术在进行主动配电网重构时,无法兼顾购电费用和主动配电网的拓扑结构的问题。
针对现有技术中在进行主动配电网重构时,无法兼顾购电费用和主动配电网的拓扑结构的问题,目前尚未提出有效的解决方案。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的在于提供一种主动配电网的重构方法和装置,以解决在进行主动配电网重构时,无法兼顾购电费用和主动配电网的拓扑结构的问题。
为了实现上述目的,根据本发明的一个方面,提供了一种主动配电网的重构方法。根据本发明的主动配电网的重构方法包括:获取最小发电费用的目标函数;根据所述最小发电费用的目标函数进行计算,得到第一购电方案;在所述第一购电方案时,获取第一主网功率和第一分布式电源功率;获取最小网损费用的目标函数;将所述第一主网功率和所述第一分布式电源功率代入至所述最小网损费用的目标函数,计算得到第一拓扑结构;判断在所述第一购电方案下的发电费用与在所述第一拓扑结构下的网损费用之和是否满足预设条件;以及如果满足预设条件,则将所述第一购电方案和所述第一拓扑结构作为所述主动配电网的重构方案。
进一步地,在判断在所述第一购电方案下的发电费用与在所述第一拓扑结构下的网损费用之和是否满足预设条件之前,所述方法还包括:在所述第一拓扑结构下,再次根据所述最小发电费用的目标函数进行计算,得到第二购电方案;获取所述第二购电方案时的第二主网功率和第二分布式电源功率;将所述第二主网功率和所述第二分布式电源功率代入所述最小网损费用的目标函数,得到第二拓扑结构;判断在所述第二购电方案下的发电费用与在所述第二拓扑结构的网损费用之和与所述第一购电方案下的发电费用与在所述第一拓扑结构的网损费用之和的差是否满足预设精度值;如果满足所述预设精度值,则将所述第二购电方案和所述第二拓扑结构作为所述主动配电网的重构方案;以及如果不满足所述预设精度值,则在所述第二拓扑结构下,继续根据所述最小发电费用的目标函数计算购电方案。
进一步地,所述最小发电费用的目标函数为其中,f1为发电费用,csysV为单时段从电网购电的电价,psys为单时段从电网购电的实际有功功率,n为配网节点数,cDGVi为在i节点上分布式电源的电价,pDGi为在i节点上分布式电源的发电功率。
进一步地,所述单时段从电网购电的有功功率遵循以下约束条件:psys≤psysmax,
其中,psys为单时段从主网购电的实际有功功率,psysmax为单时段从主网购电的最大有功功率。
进一步地,在i节点上分布式电源的发电功率遵循以下约束条件:pDGi≤pDGimax,
其中,pDGi为单时段在i节点上的分布式电源的实际发电功率,PDGimax在i节点上的分布式电源的额定功率。
其中,f2为网损,b为支路数,kj为开关j的状态变量,是0~1离散量,0代表打开,1代表闭合,rj为支路j的电阻,Plj,Qlj为支路j末端流过的有功功率和无功功率,Uj为支路j末端的节点电压。
进一步地,所述方法还包括通过以下方式获取计算所述有功功率和所述无功功率:
其中,Pi、Qi分别为节点i注入有功功率、无功功率;Ui、Uj分别是节点i、j的电压;Gij、Bij和δij分别为节点i、j的电导、电纳和相角差
进一步地,所述节点i的电压遵循以下约束条件:Uimin≤Ui≤Uimax
其中,Uimax、Uimin分别为节点i电压有效值的上限和下限。
进一步地,所述支路的功率满足如下约束条件:Sj≤Sjmax,
其中,Sj为第j条支路实际流过功率;Sjmax为第j条支路上传输功率最大值。
为了实现上述目的,根据本发明的另一方面,提供了一种主动配电网的重构装置。根据本发明的主动配电网的重构装置包括:第一获取单元,用于获取最小发电费用的目标函数;第一计算单元,用于根据所述最小发电费用的目标函数进行计算,得到第一购电方案;第二获取单元,用于在所述第一购电方案时,获取第一主网功率和第一分布式电源功率;第三获取单元,用于获取最小网损费用的目标函数;第二计算单元,用于将所述第一主网功率和所述第一分布式电源功率代入至所述最小网损费用的目标函数,计算得到第一拓扑结构;判断单元,用于判断在所述第一购电方案下的发电费用与在所述第一拓扑结构下的网损费用之和是否满足预设条件;以及确定单元,用于在满足预设条件时,将所述第一购电方案和所述第一拓扑结作为所述主动配电网的重构方案。
通过本发明,采用获取最小发电费用的目标函数;根据最小发电费用的目标函数进行计算,得到第一购电方案;在第一购电方案时,获取第一主网功率和第一分布式电源功率;获取最小网损费用的目标函数;将第一主网功率和第一分布式电源功率代入至最小网损费用的目标函数,计算得到第一拓扑结构;判断在第一购电方案下的发电费用与在第一拓扑结构下的网损费用之和是否满足预设条件;以及如果满足预设条件,则将第一购电方案和第一拓扑结构作为主动配电网的重构方案,解决了在进行主动配电网重构时,无法兼顾购电费用和主动配电网的拓扑结构的问题,进而达到了在进行主动配电网的重构时兼顾购电费用和主动配电网的拓扑结构的效果。
构成本申请的一部分的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解,本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明,并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中:
图1是根据本发明实施例的主动配电网的重构方法的流程图;
图2是根据本发明实施例的双层规划图;
图3是根据本发明优选实施例的主动配电网的重构方法的流程图;以及
图4是根据本发明实施例的主动配电网的重构装置的示意图。
需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明。
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本发明方案,下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分的实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都应当属于本发明保护的范围。
需要说明的是,本发明的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象,而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换,以便这里描述的本发明的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的那些以外的顺序实施。此外,术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形,意图在于覆盖不排他的包含,例如,包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方
法、系统、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或单元,而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
本发明实施例提供了一种主动配电网的重构方法。
图1是根据本发明实施例的主动配电网的重构方法的流程图。如图所示,该主动配电网的重构方法包括如下步骤:
步骤S102,获取最小发电费用的目标函数。
步骤S104,根据最小发电费用的目标函数进行计算,得到第一购电方案。
步骤S106,在第一购电方案时,获取第一主网功率和第一分布式电源功率。
步骤S108,获取最小网损费用的目标函数。
步骤S110,将第一主网功率和第一分布式电源功率代入至最小网损费用的目标函数,计算得到第一拓扑结构。
步骤S112,判断在第一购电方案下的发电费用与在第一拓扑结构下的网损费用之和是否满足预设条件。
步骤S114,如果满足预设条件,则将第一购电方案和第一拓扑结构作为主动配电网的重构方案。
根据最小发电费用的目标函数,计算出在发电费用最小时的购电方案。由于主动配电网包括主网发电和分布式电源供电,在获得最小购电方案时,即可确定主动配电网的主网功率和分布式电源功率,即第一主网功率和第一分布式电源功率。
再根据最小网损费用的目标函数,将第一主网功率和第二分布式电源功率代入到最小网损费用的目标函数中,计算出在网损最小时的主动配电网的拓扑结构,即第一拓扑结构。
然后计算采用第一购电方案时的购电费用和采用第一拓扑结构的网损费用之后是否满足预设条件,如果满足预设条件,则将该第一购电方案和第一拓扑结构作为主动配电网的重构方案。
通过最小发电费用的目标函数和最小网损费用的目标函数计算得到第一购电方案和第一拓扑结构,由于第一拓扑结构是在第一购电方案的情况下计算得到的,在计算
拓扑结构时也考虑到购电的成本,因此,最终获得的重构方案兼顾购电费用和网损费用,得到最优的主动配电网的重构方案,不仅解决了在进行主动配电网重构时,无法兼顾购电费用和主动配电网的拓扑结构的问题,还能够降低主动配电网重构的费用。
优选地,为了更加准确的确定拓扑结构,不仅使得购电费用和网损费用达到最低,还能保证主动配电网在最优的方案下运行,在判断在第一购电方案下的发电费用与在第一拓扑结构下的网损费用之和是否满足预设条件之前,该方法还包括:
在第一拓扑结构下,再次根据最小发电费用的目标函数进行计算,得到第二购电方案。
获取第二购电方案时的第二主网功率和第二分布式电源功率。
将第二主网功率和第二分布式电源功率代入最小网损费用的目标函数,得到第二拓扑结构。
判断在第二购电方案下的发电费用与在第二拓扑结构的网损费用之和与第一购电方案下的发电费用与在第一拓扑结构的网损费用之和的差是否满足预设精度值。
如果满足预设精度值,则将第二购电方案和第二拓扑结构作为主动配电网的重构方案。
如果不满足预设精度值,则在第二拓扑结构下,继续根据最小发电费用的目标函数计算购电方案。
在第一拓扑结构下,再次根据最小发电费用的目标函数计算,得到第二购电方案。获取在第二购电方案的情况下,主动配电网的主网功率和分布式电源功率,即第二主网功率和第二分布式电源功率。
再将第二主网功率和第二分布式电源功率代入最小网损费用的目标函数中,以计算得到第二拓扑结构。
通过第一拓扑结构确定第二购电方案,通过第二购电方案又得到第二拓扑结构,使得购电方案和拓扑结构相互校验,因此,第一购电方案时的购电费用和第一拓扑结构的网损费用之和与第二购电方案的购电费用和第二拓扑结构的网损之和之间有差值,判断该差值是否满足预设精度值,如果满足精度值,则确定该第二购电方案和第二拓扑结构作为该主动配电网的重构方案,如果不满足精度值,可以继续在第二拓扑结构下根据最小发电费用的目标函数再次计算购电方案。
图2是根据本发明实施例的双层规划图。如果所示,第一层通过最优潮流,得到分布式电源功率和主网功率。将这两个变量传递到第二层规划,用遗传算法求配网重构,得到最少网损下的配网拓扑结构。在该结构下,网损发生变比,引起主网功率的变化,第一层的购电计划不再是最佳的。该结构可能引发原来的购电计划在一些支路上过载,因此要将第二层计算结果网络拓扑结构传递到第一层,重新进行最优潮流计算。
优选地,最小发电费用的目标函数为
其中,f1为发电费用,csysV为单时段从电网购电的电价,psys为单时段从电网购电的实际有功功率,n为配网节点数,cDGVi为在i节点上分布式电源的电价,pDGi为在i节点上分布式电源的实际发电功率。
利用从电网购电的电价与从电网购电的有功功率确定主网购电费用,利用分布式电源的电价和分布式电源的发电功率确定分布式电源的发电费用,取购电费用与分布式电源的发电费用的最小值作为第一购电方案下的购电费用。在购电费用最小值确定后,即可以确定购电的有功功率和发电的有功功率。从主网购电的费用和分布式电源的发电费用之和为最小发电费用。
优选地,为了避免从主网购电的有功功率过大导致主动配电网的功率过载,单时段从电网购电的有功功率遵循以下约束条件:
psys≤psysmax,
其中,psys为单时段从主网购电的实际有功功率,psysmax为单时段从主网购电的最大有功功率。
即单时段从主网购电的实际有功功率小于等于单时段从主网购电的最大有功功率。
优选地,在i节点上分布式电源的发电功率遵循以下约束条件:
pDGi≤pDGimax,
其中,pDGi为单时段在i节点上的分布式电源的实际发电功率,PDGimax在i节点上的分布式电源的额定功率。
即单时段在i节点上的分布式电源的实际发电功率小于等于分布式电源的额定功率。
在上述两个约束条件的约束下,通过最小发电费用的目标函数计算得到最小发电费用,并确定了在最小发电费用时,主动配电网从主网购电的购电功率和分布式电源的发电功率。
即在当前拓扑结构下,用内点法进行潮流计算,满足功率平衡约束、节点电压约束、支路功率约束、电源功率约束,求得从主网购电的购电功率和分布式电源的发电功率。
优选地,为了使得主动配电网的网损最小,通过最小网损费用的目标函数确定最小网损:
其中,f2为网损,b为支路数,kj为开关j的状态变量,是0~1离散量,0代表打开,1代表闭合,rj为支路j的电阻,Plj,Qlj为支路j末端流过的有功功率和无功功率,Uj为支路j末端的节点电压。
计算主动配电网中每个支路的网损,从而确定整个主动配电网的网损费用,当开关闭合时,该支路具有网损,当开关打开时,该支路没有网损。
优选地,通过以下方式获取计算有功功率和无功功率:
其中,Pi、Qi分别为节点i注入有功功率、无功功率。Ui、Uj分别是节点i、j的电压。Gij、Bij和δij分别为节点i、j的电导、电纳和相角差
基于购电功率和分布式电源的发电功率,用遗传算法进行配网重构,满足功率平衡约束、节点电压约束、支路功率约束,得到网损最小的网络拓扑方案。
优选地,节点i的电压遵循以下约束条件:
Uimin≤Ui≤Uimax
其中,Uimax、Uimin分别为节点i电压有效值的上限和下限。即节点i的电压大于等于节点i的电压有效值的下限,小于等于节点i的电压有效值的上限。
优选地,支路的功率满足如下约束条件:Sj≤Sjmax,其中,Sj为第j条支路实际流过功率。Sjmax为第j条支路上传输功率最大值。
即支路的实际流过功率小于等于该支路上传输功率的最大值,以保证该支路不会过载。
以下结合图3对本发明优选实施例的主动配电网的重构方法进行说明。
如图所示,最优潮流计算主动配电网的从主网的购电费用和分布式电源的发电费用,在计算时需要的已知数据有:(1)节点类:节点类型(负荷节点、发电机节点、分布式电源节点),有功功率和无功功率;(2)支路类:是末端节点号、支路类型(变压器、线路)阻抗、导纳、变比;(3)经济类:主网发电成本曲线、分布式电源的发电成本曲线;(4)约束条件:功率平衡约束、节点电压约束、支路功率约束、电源功率约束;(5)计算控制变量:迭代计算的精度、迭代次数、遗传算法中的种群数、遗传迭代次数、交叉和变异概率等。
在当前拓扑结构下,用内点法进行潮流计算,满足功率平衡约束、节点电压约束、支路功率约、电源功率约束,求得从主网购电的购电功率和分布式电源的发电功率,得到节点注入功率。将该节点注入功率代入到配网重构的目标函数中,得到网损费用。通过最优潮流计算得到发电费用。通过两次迭代得到相邻两次计算的发电费用和网损费用之和的差值,并判断该差值是否满足精度要求,在满足精度要求时,结束计算,在不满足精度要求时,继续进行最优潮流计算,即计算主动配电网的发电费用。
本发明实施例兼顾了购电费与网损费综合最优的解决方案。建立双层规划模型,联合优化主动配电网的发电费用和网损应用双层规划理论:第一层规划,以购电费最小为目标建立最优潮流模型,用内点法解这个模型,得到购电策略,在该购电策略下的购电功率和分布式电源的发电功率传递给第二层规划;第二层规划,以网损最小为目标建立配网重构模型,用遗传算法求解这个模型,得到网络拓扑,将这个网络拓扑传递给第一层规划模型,再次求购电策略,经过多次迭代求解,最后在满足预设精度时结束迭代计算,得到的购电方案和网络拓扑结构,使主动配电网的花费与发电功率达到平衡。
本发明实施例还提供了一种主动配电网的重构装置。
本发明实施例的主动配电网的重构方法可以通过本发明实施例所提供的主动配电网的重构装置来执行,本发明实施例的主动配电网的重构装置也可以用于执行本发明实施例所提供的主动配电网的重构方法。
图4是根据本发明实施例的主动配电网的重构装置的示意图。如图所示,该主动配电网的重构装置包括
第一获取单元10用于获取最小发电费用的目标函数。
第一计算单元20用于根据最小发电费用的目标函数进行计算,得到第一购电方案。
第二获取单元30用于在第一购电方案时,获取第一主网功率和第一分布式电源功率。
第三获取单元40用于获取最小网损费用的目标函数。
第二计算单元50用于将第一主网功率和第一分布式电源功率代入至最小网损费用的目标函数,计算得到第一拓扑结构。
判断单元60用于判断在第一购电方案下的发电费用与在第一拓扑结构下的网损费用之和是否满足预设条件。
确定单元70用于在满足预设条件时,将第一购电方案和第一拓扑结作为主动配电网的重构方案。
根据最小发电费用的目标函数,计算出在发电费用最小时的购电方案。由于主动配电网包括主网发电和分布式电源供电,在获得最小购电方案时,即可确定主动配电网的主网功率和分布式电源功率,即第一主网功率和第一分布式电源功率。
再根据最小网损费用的目标函数,将第一主网功率和第二分布式电源功率代入到最小网损费用的目标函数中,计算出在网损最小时的主动配电网的拓扑结构,即第一拓扑结构。
然后计算采用第一购电方案时的购电费用和采用第一拓扑结构的网损费用之后是否满足预设条件,如果满足预设条件,则将该第一购电方案和第一拓扑结构作为主动配电网的重构方案。
通过最小发电费用的目标函数和最小网损费用的目标函数计算得到第一购电方案和第一拓扑结构,由于第一拓扑结构是在第一购电方案的情况下计算得到的,在计算拓扑结构时也考虑到购电的成本,因此,最终获得的重构方案兼顾购电费用和网损费用,得到最优的主动配电网的重构方案。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
- 一种主动配电网的重构方法,其特征在于,包括:获取最小发电费用的目标函数;根据所述最小发电费用的目标函数进行计算,得到第一购电方案;在所述第一购电方案时,获取第一主网功率和第一分布式电源功率;获取最小网损费用的目标函数;将所述第一主网功率和所述第一分布式电源功率代入至所述最小网损费用的目标函数,计算得到第一拓扑结构;判断在所述第一购电方案下的发电费用与在所述第一拓扑结构下的网损费用之和是否满足预设条件;以及如果满足预设条件,则将所述第一购电方案和所述第一拓扑结构作为所述主动配电网的重构方案。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,在判断在所述第一购电方案下的发电费用与在所述第一拓扑结构下的网损费用之和是否满足预设条件之前,所述方法还包括:在所述第一拓扑结构下,再次根据所述最小发电费用的目标函数进行计算,得到第二购电方案;获取所述第二购电方案时的第二主网功率和第二分布式电源功率;将所述第二主网功率和所述第二分布式电源功率代入所述最小网损费用的目标函数,得到第二拓扑结构;判断在所述第二购电方案下的发电费用与在所述第二拓扑结构的网损费用之和与所述第一购电方案下的发电费用与在所述第一拓扑结构的网损费用之和的差是否满足预设精度值;如果满足所述预设精度值,则将所述第二购电方案和所述第二拓扑结构作为所述主动配电网的重构方案;以及如果不满足所述预设精度值,则在所述第二拓扑结构下,继续根据所述最小发电费用的目标函数计算购电方案。
- 根据权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,所述单时段从电网购电的有功功率遵循以下约束条件:psys≤psysmax,其中,psys为单时段从主网购电的实际有功功率,psysmax为单时段从主网购电的最大有功功率。
- 根据权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,在i节点上分布式电源的发电功率遵循以下约束条件:pDGi≤pDGimax,其中,pDGi为单时段在i节点上的分布式电源的实际发电功率,PDGimax在i节点上的分布式电源的额定功率。
- 根据权利要求7所述的方法,其特征在于,所述节点i的电压遵循以下约束条件:Uimin≤Ui≤Uimax其中,Uimax、Uimin分别为节点i电压有效值的上限和下限。
- 根据权利要求6所述的方法,其特征在于,所述支路的功率满足如下约束条件:Sj≤Sjmax,其中,Sj为第j条支路实际流过功率;Sjmax为第j条支路上传输功率最大值。
- 一种主动配电网的重构装置,其特征在于,包括:第一获取单元,用于获取最小发电费用的目标函数;第一计算单元,用于根据所述最小发电费用的目标函数进行计算,得到第一购电方案;第二获取单元,用于在所述第一购电方案时,获取第一主网功率和第一分布式电源功率;第三获取单元,用于获取最小网损费用的目标函数;第二计算单元,用于将所述第一主网功率和所述第一分布式电源功率代入至所述最小网损费用的目标函数,计算得到第一拓扑结构;判断单元,用于判断在所述第一购电方案下的发电费用与在所述第一拓扑结构下的网损费用之和是否满足预设条件;以及确定单元,用于在满足预设条件时,将所述第一购电方案和所述第一拓扑结作为所述主动配电网的重构方案。
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