WO2015192804A1 - 一种预防和治疗老年痴呆的药物组合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种预防和治疗老年痴呆的药物组合物及其制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2015192804A1
WO2015192804A1 PCT/CN2015/081950 CN2015081950W WO2015192804A1 WO 2015192804 A1 WO2015192804 A1 WO 2015192804A1 CN 2015081950 W CN2015081950 W CN 2015081950W WO 2015192804 A1 WO2015192804 A1 WO 2015192804A1
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Prior art keywords
weight
time
epimedium
extract
ethanol
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PCT/CN2015/081950
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English (en)
French (fr)
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柯潇
郝晓锋
孟保华
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四川济生堂药业有限公司
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Priority to AU2015276657A priority Critical patent/AU2015276657B2/en
Priority to KR1020167035567A priority patent/KR20170003700A/ko
Application filed by 四川济生堂药业有限公司 filed Critical 四川济生堂药业有限公司
Priority to ES15810456T priority patent/ES2774046T3/es
Priority to KR1020187021909A priority patent/KR20180088532A/ko
Priority to MYPI2016704236A priority patent/MY187573A/en
Priority to RU2016146370A priority patent/RU2671566C2/ru
Priority to MX2016016021A priority patent/MX2016016021A/es
Priority to JP2017513303A priority patent/JP6461320B2/ja
Priority to US15/319,346 priority patent/US10646536B2/en
Priority to KR1020187024551A priority patent/KR101990758B1/ko
Priority to CA2950638A priority patent/CA2950638C/en
Priority to EP15810456.2A priority patent/EP3159004B1/en
Priority to SG11201609701UA priority patent/SG11201609701UA/en
Publication of WO2015192804A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015192804A1/zh
Priority to PH12016502302A priority patent/PH12016502302B1/en
Priority to US16/830,575 priority patent/US11278584B2/en

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/29Berberidaceae (Barberry family), e.g. barberry, cohosh or mayapple
    • A61K36/296Epimedium
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/88Liliopsida (monocotyledons)
    • A61K36/896Liliaceae (Lily family), e.g. daylily, plantain lily, Hyacinth or narcissus
    • A61K36/8964Anemarrhena
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/06Fungi, e.g. yeasts
    • A61K36/07Basidiomycota, e.g. Cryptococcus
    • A61K36/076Poria
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/25Araliaceae (Ginseng family), e.g. ivy, aralia, schefflera or tetrapanax
    • A61K36/254Acanthopanax or Eleutherococcus
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/14Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
    • A61K9/16Agglomerates; Granulates; Microbeadlets ; Microspheres; Pellets; Solid products obtained by spray drying, spray freeze drying, spray congealing,(multiple) emulsion solvent evaporation or extraction
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/28Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K2236/00Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
    • A61K2236/30Extraction of the material
    • A61K2236/33Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones
    • A61K2236/331Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones using water, e.g. cold water, infusion, tea, steam distillation, decoction
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K2236/00Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
    • A61K2236/30Extraction of the material
    • A61K2236/33Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones
    • A61K2236/333Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones using mixed solvents, e.g. 70% EtOH
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K2236/00Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
    • A61K2236/30Extraction of the material
    • A61K2236/37Extraction at elevated pressure or temperature, e.g. pressurized solvent extraction [PSE], supercritical carbon dioxide extraction or subcritical water extraction
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K2236/00Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
    • A61K2236/30Extraction of the material
    • A61K2236/39Complex extraction schemes, e.g. fractionation or repeated extraction steps
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K2236/00Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
    • A61K2236/50Methods involving additional extraction steps
    • A61K2236/51Concentration or drying of the extract, e.g. Lyophilisation, freeze-drying or spray-drying

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of medicine, in particular to a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating senile dementia and a preparation method thereof.
  • Alzheimer's disease can be divided into Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia and the coexistence of mixed dementia, a primary degenerative encephalopathy that occurs in old age and early senile, is a persistent high Neurological dysfunction, in clinical manifestations of cognitive and memory function deterioration, progressive decline in daily living ability, and a variety of neuropsychiatric symptoms and behavioral disorders.
  • AD Alzheimer's disease
  • vascular dementia a primary degenerative encephalopathy that occurs in old age and early senile
  • a persistent high Neurological dysfunction in clinical manifestations of cognitive and memory function deterioration, progressive decline in daily living ability, and a variety of neuropsychiatric symptoms and behavioral disorders.
  • Alzheimer's disease is a disease with a high incidence.
  • the drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease are mainly acetylcholinesterase (AchE) inhibitors, anti-immune inflammation, calcium antagonists, antioxidants, etc.
  • AchE acetylcholinesterase
  • the US Food and Drug Administration has approved drugs such as donepezil and galantamine.
  • Min, nimodipine, memantine hydrochloride, etc. these drugs can only temporarily relieve the cognitive decline of patients, but can not delay the development of the disease, and some of the above drugs have serious adverse reactions such as liver and kidney toxicity, some drugs are expensive, patients and The family is unbearable, so there is still a need to develop new drugs with good efficacy, small side effects, and affordable prices.
  • has the benefit of water and spleen, spleen and spleen, used for edema, oliguria, sputum, dizziness, spleen deficiency, less diarrhea, diarrhea, restlessness, convulsions and insomnia.
  • Acanthopanax senticosus has qi and spleen, tonifying the kidney and soothe the nerves; for spleen and kidney yang deficiency, physical weakness, loss of appetite, waist and knee pain, insomnia and more dreams.
  • Epimedium has kidney and impotence; hurricane dehumidification; strong ribs and bones, main yang stagnation, cold and infertility, frequent urinary dysfunction, kidney deficiency and cough, weak waist and knees, rheumatic pain, hemiplegia, limbs.
  • Zhimu has clearing heat and purging fire; nourishing yin and moistening dryness; quenching thirst and removing trouble; used for warming disease; high fever and polydipsia; cough and asthma; dry cough; constipation; bone steaming hot flash; virtual troubles and sleeplessness;
  • One of the technical problems to be solved by the present invention is to provide a pharmaceutical composition for treating or preventing senile dementia with definite curative effect.
  • One aspect of the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating senile dementia, wherein an active ingredient of the pharmaceutical composition is prepared from a drug substance comprising the following parts by weight: Epimedium 20-50, ⁇ 15-55.
  • Another aspect of the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating senile dementia, wherein the active ingredient of the pharmaceutical composition is prepared from a drug substance comprising the following parts by weight: Epimedium 20-50, ⁇ 15-55, thorn Five plus 10-55; preferably containing the following parts by weight of Chinese medicinal materials: Epimedium 20-30, ⁇ 20-45, Acanthopanax 20-55; more preferably containing the following parts by weight of Chinese medicinal material: Epimedium 30, ⁇ 30, acanthopanax 35.
  • a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating senile dementia wherein an active ingredient of the pharmaceutical composition is prepared from a drug substance comprising the following parts by weight: Epimedium 20-50, ⁇ 15-50, thorn Wu Jia 15-50, Zhimu 6-15; preferably containing the following parts by weight of Chinese medicinal materials: Epimedium 20-30, ⁇ 20-30, Acanthopanax 25-50, Zhimu 10-15; more preferably including the following Chinese herbal medicines in weight: Epimedium 30, ⁇ 30, Acanthopanax 25, Zhimu 15.
  • the above traditional Chinese medicine composition can be replaced by Fushen or swine fever; Acanthopanax can be replaced by Wujiapi or Acanthopanax senticosus.
  • the invention also provides a preparation method of the above medicament, wherein:
  • the processing process of the crucible is as follows: taking the parts by weight of the crucible, extracting with water 2-3 times, each time 1-3 hours, the first time is 6-10 times the weight of the crucible, the second or the first Three times each of which is 4-8 times by weight of water, the extract is filtered and then concentrated under reduced pressure into a dry extract; preferably, the processing of the crucible is as follows: the weight of the crucible is taken, and the water is extracted 3 times. , each time 1 hour, the first time is 8 times the weight of water, the second and third times are the weight of 6 times the weight of the water, the extract is filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure into a dry extract;
  • the processing technology of the epimedium is as follows: taking the part by weight of Epimedium, extracting 2-3 times with 30-70% ethanol, extracting 1-3 hours each time, the first time is 7 of the weight of Epimedium - 16 times the weight of 30-70% ethanol, the second or third time is 4-12 times the weight of epimedium, 30-70% ethanol, 30-70% extract filtered, and the ethanol is recovered under reduced pressure.
  • the processing technology of the epimedium is as follows: extracting the part by weight of Epimedium, extracting 3 times with 50% ethanol, extracting for 1 hour each time, the first time is kinky 9 times the weight of the goat's weight, 50% ethanol, the second time is 7 times the weight of Epimedium, 50% ethanol, the third time is 5 times the weight of Epimedium, 50% ethanol, the extract is filtered. Ethanol is recovered under reduced pressure and concentrated into a dry extract of Epimedium;
  • the processing technology of the acanthopanax senticosus is as follows: taking the weight of the acanthopanax senticosus, extracting 2-3 times with water, each time 1-3 hours, The first time is 6-10 times the weight of water, and the second or third time is 4-8 times the weight of the acanthopanax weight.
  • the extract is filtered and concentrated under vacuum to form a dry extract.
  • the processing technology of the acanthopanax senticosus is as follows: taking the weight of the acanthopanax senticosus, and extracting it three times with water for one hour each time, the first time is eight times the weight of the acanthopanax weight of water, the first Two or three times each is 6 times the weight of acanthopanax, and the extract is filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure into a scalp five-dip dry extract;
  • the processing process of the Zhimu is as follows: taking the weight part of Zhimu, using 6-10 times weight of water of Zhimu, heating to boiling, boiling for 2-4 hours, leaving the supernatant, and repeating the above residue
  • the process is once, the two extracts are filtered, and then concentrated under reduced pressure into a dry extract;
  • the processing process of the known mother is as follows: taking the part by weight of the mother, and heating with 6 times the weight of the mother, After boiling, boil for 2 h, leave the supernatant, and repeat the above process once.
  • the two extracts are filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to form a dry extract.
  • the dry extract of Epimedium and Epimedium dry extract are separately mixed to obtain a pharmaceutical composition containing Epimedium and Lycium; respectively, dry extract, epimedium dry extract and acanthopanax dry extract Mix the cream to obtain a pharmaceutical composition containing Epimedium, Poria and Acanthopanax. Mix the dry extract, Epimedium dry extract, Acanthopanax dry extract and Zhimu dry extract, respectively. That is, a pharmaceutical composition containing Epimedium, Poria, Acanthopanax and Anemarrhenae is obtained.
  • the invention further provides a method for preparing a pharmaceutical composition comprising Epimedium, Poria and Acanthopanax, comprising the steps of:
  • the second or third time each is 4-12 times the weight of epimedium weight of 30-70% ethanol
  • the extract is filtered, and the ethanol is recovered under reduced pressure and then concentrated to a dry extract
  • the weight is taken Epimedium, extracted with 50% ethanol for 3 times, one time for each extraction, the first time with the weight of epimedium, 9 times the weight of 50% ethanol, the second time with the weight of epimedium 7 times the weight 50% ethanol, the fifth time with 5 times the weight of Epimedium weight of 50% ethanol, the extract was filtered, and the ethanol was recovered under reduced pressure and concentrated to a dry extract for use;
  • the present invention still further provides a method for preparing a pharmaceutical composition comprising Epimedium, Poria, Acanthopanax and Anemarrhena, comprising the steps of:
  • the extract Take the weight of acanthopanax senticosus, sputum, extract 2-3 times with water or 2-3 times, 1-3 hours each time, the first 6-10 times the weight of water, the second or the first 3 times each of 4-8 times by weight of water, the extract is filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure into a dry extract; preferably, the parts by weight of acanthopanax senticosus, sputum, and 3 times of hydration, 1 hour each time, 8 times the weight of water, The second and third times each 6 times the weight of water. After the extract is filtered, concentrated to a dry extract under reduced pressure, and set aside;
  • the technical solution of the present invention is simple in composition and effective in curative effect.
  • Extract Take 1.1kg, extract 2 times with water for 3 hours each time, the first time is 6 times the weight of water, and the second time is 4 times the weight of water.
  • the extract is filtered and concentrated to dryness under reduced pressure.
  • Extract take 1kg of epimedium, extract 2 times with 70% ethanol, extract 1 hour each time, the first time is 7 times weight of 70% ethanol of Epimedium weight, the second time is 4 weight of Epimedium
  • the weight of the 70% ethanol, the extract was filtered, and the ethanol was recovered under reduced pressure and concentrated to a dry extract; the above two extracts were mixed.
  • Extract Take 0.3kg, extract twice with water for 3 hours, the first time is 10 times weight of water, and the second time is 8 times weight of water.
  • the extract is filtered and concentrated to dryness under reduced pressure.
  • Extract take 1kg of epimedium, extract 2 times with 30% ethanol, extract for 3 hours each time, the first time is 16 times weight of 30% ethanol of Epimedium weight, the second time is 12 of Epimedium weight 30% ethanol by weight, the extract is filtered, and the ethanol is reduced under reduced pressure to be concentrated into a dry extract; Mix the cream.
  • Acanthopanax 1kg, Epimedium 5kg, ⁇ 1.5kg Take acanthopanax twice with water for 1 hour, the first 6 times the weight of water, the second and third times each 4 times the weight of water, the extract After filtration, concentrated to a dry extract under reduced pressure, and set aside; extracting water twice with water for 3 hours, the first time is 6 times the weight of water, and the second time is 4 times the weight of water, extracting After liquid filtration, it is concentrated under reduced pressure into a dry extract, and used for further use; the epimedium is taken and extracted with 70% ethanol twice, each time for 1 hour, the first time is 7 times the weight of 70% ethanol of Epimedium weight, The second time is 4 times the weight of epimedium, 4 times by weight of 70% ethanol, the extract is filtered, and the ethanol is recovered under reduced pressure, and then concentrated into a dry extract of Epimedium, and used. Mix the three alternate extracts.
  • the extract is concentrated to a dry extract under reduced pressure, and used;
  • the extract of Epimedium is extracted with 50% ethanol for 3 times, each time for 1 hour, the first 9 times by weight of 50% ethanol, and the second 7 times by weight.
  • Acanthopanax 0.4kg, Epimedium 0.4kg, ⁇ 1.1kg, take the weight of acanthopanax senticosus, sputum, 2 times with water, each time 3 hours, the first 10 times the weight of water, the second The water is 8 times the weight of the water, the extract is filtered and concentrated under vacuum to form a dry extract; Epimedium is extracted twice with 30% ethanol, each time for 3 hours, the first time with the weight of Epimedium 16 times 30% ethanol, the second or third time is 12 times the weight of epimedium, 12 times the weight of 30% ethanol, the extract is filtered, the ethanol is recovered under reduced pressure, and then concentrated into a dry extract; the above two extracts are mixed. .
  • the extract is concentrated under reduced pressure into a dry extract, and used; the extract of Epimedium is extracted with 50% ethanol for 3 times, each time for 1 hour, the first 9 times by weight of 50% ethanol, and the second 7 times by weight.
  • the extract is concentrated under reduced pressure into a dry extract, and used; the extract of Epimedium is extracted with 50% ethanol for 3 times, each time for 1 hour, the first 9 times by weight of 50% ethanol, and the second 7 times by weight.
  • the sputum was replaced with Fushen.
  • the sputum was replaced with pig plaque.
  • the acanthopanax senticosus was replaced with Wujiapi.
  • the Acanthopanax senticosus was replaced with Acanthopanax senticosus leaves.
  • Rats were randomly divided into normal control group, Scop model group, positive control group (donepezil, 1.17 mg ⁇ kg -1 ), and test drug group (prepared in Example 1, which corresponds to the amount of raw materials: 11.08 g/kg).
  • Continuous intragastric administration for 2 weeks before the experiment equal volume of distilled water was given to the normal control and model groups, and Morris training was performed on the 9th day, 2 times/day. The Morris water maze and platform test were conducted on the 14th day.
  • the platform test the first day of study and training, the second day of repeated testing, 20 minutes before the test, the rats were injected intraperitoneally with scopolamine hydrobromide (5mg ⁇ kg -1 ) to record the latency of the first jump off the platform (SDL) ), to escape the incubation period (EL) of electric shock.
  • scopolamine hydrobromide 5mg ⁇ kg -1
  • APPswe transgenic mice male and female, were randomly divided into a model control group, a positive control group (donepezil, 1.67 mg ⁇ kg -1 ), and a test drug group (prepared with the composition of Example 1 and equivalent to the amount of raw materials). : 15.83g/kg), the same age of the same age APPswe mice (derived from the Nanjing Animal Model Institute, the mouse did not express human presenilin and human mouse amyloid preprotein, did not cause senile dementia) as a normal control group . All groups were given the corresponding drugs by intragastric administration. The normal group and the model group were given an equal volume of distilled water once a day for 30 consecutive days.
  • mice Each group of mice was subjected to water maze training on the 25th to 29th day of administration, twice a day. After 1 hour of the last administration, the position of the station is kept unchanged.
  • the automatic camera system will record the escape latency and swimming path of the mouse looking for the platform, setting 120s as the maximum latency, and will automatically stop recording after 120s.
  • the self-made object recognition device was used to detect the learning and memory ability of the animals.
  • the first day was the adaptation period: the mice were placed in a carton with better light-harvesting and self-adapted for about 10 minutes.
  • Day 2 is the familiarization period: put two identical toys in the box, put the mice in the box for 10 minutes, and record the time on each object.
  • mice were randomly divided into a normal control group, a Scop model group, a positive control group (donepezil, 1.67 mg ⁇ kg -1 ), a test drug group (prepared according to the composition of Example 1, and the doses of the A, B, and C drug groups were equivalent. Yusheng medicinal material 31.66g/kg; J drug group high dose group equivalent to raw medicinal material amount: 31.66g/kg; middle dose group equivalent to raw medicinal material amount: 15.83g/kg, low dose group equivalent to raw medicinal material amount: 7.92g /kg) Continuous intragastric administration for 2 weeks before the experiment, normal control and model group were given equal volume of distilled water, and Morris training was performed on the 9th day, 2 times/day. On the 14th day, the model was started and the Morris water maze was performed.
  • mice were intragastrically administered for 30 min, and Sor (3 mg ⁇ kg -1 ) was intraperitoneally injected for 20 min. Morris water maze test was performed. The normal control group was intraperitoneally injected with the same amount of normal saline. The camera's swimming performance was tracked by the camera. The computer automatically recorded the stroke, time and movement speed of the mouse within 300s, set 300s as the maximum incubation period, and stopped recording after 300s. Calculate the escape latency and swimming distance of the search platform.
  • Age ⁇ 60 years old, gender is not limited.
  • the Hachiski ischemic score (HIS) score is less than 4 points.
  • the head MR is clear (with brain atrophy, no other cranial lesions).
  • MMSE score 9 to 24 points in secondary school; 9 to 20 points in primary school; CDR score: 1 minute, 2 points in mild to moderate patients.
  • VD Vascular dementia
  • PDD Parkinson's disease dementia
  • DLB Lewy body dementia
  • FTD frontotemporal dementia
  • Adult daily diet weight Epimedium 30g, Acanthopanax 35g, ⁇ 30g. The treatment period is 6 months.
  • CDR Clinical Dementia Rating Scale
  • NPI Neuropsychiatric Symptoms Questionnaire
  • Cognitive function assessment Comparison with baseline levels using MMSE, ADAS-cog, and CDR scores.
  • Table 8-1 showed that the improvement of MMSE, ADAS-cog and CDR was significantly improved in patients treated with drug for 6 months. Compared with the baseline score before taking the drug, the difference was statistically significant (P ⁇ 0.01), indicating that The drug significantly improves the cognitive function of AD patients.
  • Table 8-2 show that according to the CDR score, 7 patients with moderate AD were treated for 6 months, 5 patients were mild, and the improvement rate was 71.4%. Nine patients with mild AD and 6 patients with suspected dementia The improvement rate is 66.7%.

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Abstract

一种预防和治疗老年痴呆的药物组合物及其制备方法,其中所述药物组合物的活性成分由如下重量份的原料药淫羊藿20-50、茯苓15-55;或淫羊藿20-50、茯苓15-55、刺五加10-55;或淫羊藿20-50、茯苓15-50、刺五加15-50、知母6-15制成。

Description

一种预防和治疗老年痴呆的药物组合物及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及医药领域,具体涉及一种预防和治疗老年痴呆的药物组合物及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着全世界向老龄社会进入步伐的不断加快,各种神经退行性老年疾病,如轻度认知障碍、老年痴呆等疾病已经成为威胁人类晚年健康,降低老年人生活质量的重要危险因素,给社会及家庭带来了严重的经济负担和沉重的精神压力。老年痴呆可分为阿尔茨海默病(AD)和血管性痴呆及两者并存的混合型痴呆症,发生于老年期及老年前期的一种原发性退行性脑病,是一种持续性高级神经功能活动障碍,在临床表现为认知和记忆功能不断恶化,日常生活能力进行性减退,并有各种神经精神症状和行为障碍等症状。老年痴呆症是发病率比较高的疾病,世界卫生组织的资料表明,目前全球患老年痴呆症的老年人大约有2000万,预计到2020年,全球老年痴呆症患者将超过3000万人。因此,开发改善认知功能障碍,治疗老年痴呆症的药物成为全球各国医疗工作者的研究重点,受到中西方医学界的高度重视。
目前,治疗老年性痴呆症的药物主要为乙酰胆碱酯酶(AchE)抑制剂、抗免疫炎症、钙离子拮抗剂、抗氧化剂等药物,美国食品药品管理局已批准上市的药物如多奈哌齐、加兰他敏、尼莫地平、盐酸美金刚等,这些药物只能暂时缓解患者认识功能减退,但不能延缓疾病发展,而且上述有些药物具有严重的肝、肾毒性等不良反应,有些药物价格昂贵,患者及其家属难以承受,所以仍需要开发良好疗效,毒副作用小,且价格适宜的新药物。近年来,国内外专家学者开始关注中药与天然药物,并尝试进行治疗老年痴呆的研究。现代中医学认为,老年痴呆是一种以本虚标实为特征的老年常见疾病,其本虚主要在于肾精不足,髓海亏虚,清阳不升;肾亏是老年痴呆的发病根本,五脏不足与老年痴呆发病关系密切,因此多用补肾益精法治疗。
《中草药大全》记载:茯苓具有利水渗湿,健脾宁心,用于水肿尿少,痰饮眩悸,脾虚食少,便溏泄泻,心神不安,惊悸失眠。刺五加具有益气健脾,补肾安神;用于脾肾阳虚,体虚乏力,食欲不振,腰膝酸痛,失眠多梦。淫羊藿具有补肾壮阳;祛风除湿;强筋键骨,主阳痿遗精,虚冷不育,尿频失楚,肾虚喘咳,腰膝酸软,风湿痹痛,半身不遂,四肢不仁。知母具有清热泻火;滋阴润燥;止渴除烦;用于温热病;高热烦渴;咳嗽气喘;燥咳;便秘;骨蒸潮热;虚烦不眠;消渴淋浊。
目前已经公开的众多老年痴呆中药组合物中,偶尔可以看到包括上述中药材的一种或两种的组方,但是这些组方中的药材往往多达十种或数十种,成方后疗效不确切,且存在药物 质量标准难以控制等问题。
发明内容
本发明需要解决的技术问题之一是提供一种疗效确切的治疗或预防老年痴呆的药物组合物。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明采用以下技术方案:
本发明一方面提供了一种预防或治疗老年痴呆的药物组合物,所述药物组合物的活性成分是由包含以下重量份的原料药制成:淫羊藿20-50,茯苓15-55。
本发明另一方面提供了预防或治疗老年痴呆的药物组合物,所述药物组合物的活性成分是由包含以下重量份的原料药制成:淫羊藿20-50,茯苓15-55,刺五加10-55;优选包含以下重量份的中药材:淫羊藿20-30,茯苓20-45,刺五加20-55;更优选包含以下重量份的中药材:淫羊藿30,茯苓30,刺五加35。
本发明再一方面提供了预防或治疗老年痴呆的药物组合物,所述药物组合物的活性成分是由包含以下重量份的原料药制成:淫羊藿20-50,茯苓15-50,刺五加15-50,知母6-15;优选包含以下重量份的中药材:淫羊藿20-30,茯苓20-30,刺五加25-50,知母10-15;更优选包含以下重量份的中药材:淫羊藿30,茯苓30,刺五加25,知母15。
上述中药组合物中茯苓可以被伏神或猪苓替换;刺五加可以被五加皮或刺五加叶替换。
本发明还提供了上述药物的制备方法,其中:
所述茯苓的加工工艺如下:取所述重量份的茯苓,用水提取2-3次,每次1-3小时,第一次为茯苓重量的6-10倍重量的水,第二次或第三次各为茯苓重量的4-8倍重量的水,提取液滤过后减压浓缩成干浸膏;优选地,所述茯苓的加工工艺如下:取所述重量份的茯苓,用水提取3次,每次1小时,第一次为茯苓重量的8倍重量的水,第二、三次各为茯苓重量的6倍重量的水,提取液滤过后减压浓缩成茯苓干浸膏;
所述淫羊藿的加工工艺如下:取所述重量份的淫羊藿,用30-70%乙醇提取2-3次,每次提取1-3小时,第一次为淫羊藿重量的7-16倍重量的30-70%乙醇,第二次或第三次各为淫羊藿重量的4-12倍重量的30-70%乙醇,30-70%提取液滤过,减压回收乙醇后浓缩成干浸膏;优选地,所述淫羊藿的加工工艺如下:取取所述重量份的淫羊藿,用50%乙醇提取3次,每次提取1小时,第一次为淫羊藿重量的9倍重量的50%乙醇,第二次为淫羊藿重量的7倍重量的50%乙醇,第三次为淫羊藿重量的5倍重量的50%乙醇,提取液滤过,减压回收乙醇后浓缩成淫羊藿干浸膏;
所述刺五加的加工工艺如下:取所述重量份的刺五加,用水提取2-3次,每次1-3小时, 第一次为刺五加重量的6-10倍重量的水,第二次或第三次各为刺五加重量的4-8倍重量的水,提取液滤过后减压浓缩成干浸膏;优选地,所述刺五加的加工工艺如下:取所述重量份的刺五加,用水提3次,每次1小时,第一次为刺五加重量的8倍重量的水,第二、三次各为刺五加重量的6倍重量的水,提取液滤过后减压浓缩成刺五加干浸膏;
所述知母的加工工艺如下:取所述重量份的知母,用知母重量的6-10倍重量的水,加热至沸腾后,煎煮2-4h,留取上清,残渣重复上述过程一次,两次提取液滤过后减压浓缩成干浸膏;优选地,所述知母的加工工艺如下:取所述重量份的知母,用知母重量的6倍重量的水,加热至沸腾后,煎煮2h,留取上清,残渣重复上述过程一次,两次提取液滤过后减压浓缩成知母干浸膏。
其中,分别将茯苓干浸膏和淫羊藿干浸膏混匀,即得到含有淫羊藿和茯苓的药物组合物;分别将茯苓干浸膏、淫羊藿干浸膏和刺五加干浸膏混匀,即得到含有淫羊藿、茯苓和刺五加的药物组合物;分别将茯苓干浸膏、淫羊藿干浸膏、刺五加干浸膏和知母干浸膏混匀,即得到含有淫羊藿、茯苓、刺五加和知母的药物组合物。
本发明进一步提供了含有淫羊藿,茯苓和刺五加的药物组合物的制备方法,其包含如下步骤:
取所述重量份的刺五加、茯苓,用水分别提取2-3次或者合提2-3次,每次1-3小时,第一次6-10倍重量的水,第二次或三次各为4-8倍重量的水,提取液滤过后减压浓缩成干浸膏;优选地,刺取所述重量份的五加、茯苓,用水合提3次,每次1小时,第一次8倍重量的水,第二、三次各6倍重量的水,提取液滤过后减压浓缩成干浸膏,备用;
取所述重量份的淫羊藿,用30-70%乙醇提取2-3次,每次提取1-3小时,第一次用淫羊藿重量的7-16倍重量的30-70%乙醇,第二次或第三次各为淫羊藿重量的4-12倍重量的30-70%乙醇,提取液滤过,减压回收乙醇后浓缩成干浸膏;优选地,取所述重量份的淫羊藿,用50%乙醇提取3次,每次提取1小时,第一次用淫羊藿重量的9倍重量的50%乙醇,第二次用淫羊藿重量的7倍重量的50%乙醇,第三次用淫羊藿重量的5倍重量的50%乙醇,提取液滤过,减压回收乙醇后浓缩成干浸膏,备用;
将上述两种备用浸膏混匀。
本发明还进一步提供了含有淫羊藿,茯苓、刺五加和知母的药物组合物的制备方法,其包含如下步骤:
取所述重量份的刺五加、茯苓,用水分别提取2-3次或者合提2-3次,每次1-3小时,第一次6-10倍重量的水,第二次或第三次各4-8倍重量的水,提取液滤过后减压浓缩成干浸膏;优选地,取所述重量份的刺五加、茯苓,用水合提3次,每次1小时,第一次8倍重量的水, 第二、三次各6倍重量的水。提取液滤过后减压浓缩成干浸膏,备用;
取所述重量份的淫羊藿,用30-70%乙醇提取2-3次,每次提取1-3小时,第一次用淫羊藿重量的7-16倍重量的30-70%乙醇,第二次或第三次用淫羊藿重量的4-12倍重量的30-70%乙醇30-70%,提取液滤过,减压回收乙醇后浓缩成干浸膏;优选地,取所述重量份的淫羊藿,用50%乙醇提取3次,每次提取1小时,第一次9倍重量的50%乙醇,第二次7倍重量的50%乙醇,第三次5倍重量的50%乙醇,提取液滤过,减压回收乙醇后浓缩成干浸膏,备用;
取所述重量份的知母,用6-10倍重量的水,加热至沸腾后,煎煮2-4h,留取上清,残渣重复上述过程一次,两次提取液滤过后减压浓缩成干浸膏;优选地,取所述重量份的知母,用6倍重量的水,加热至沸腾后,煎煮2h,留取上清,残渣重复上述过程一次,两次提取液滤过后减压浓缩成干浸膏,备用;
将上述三种备用浸膏混匀。
本发明技术方案与现有技术相比,其组方简单,疗效确切。
具体实施方式
实施例一、药物组合物的制备
A、淫羊藿提取物(A组药物组合物)
取淫羊藿3kg,用50%乙醇提取3次,每次提取1小时,第一次为淫羊藿重量的9倍的50%乙醇,第二次为淫羊藿重量的7倍的50%乙醇,第三次为淫羊藿重量的5倍的50%乙醇,提取液滤过,减压回收乙醇后浓缩成干浸膏。
B、茯苓提取物(B组药物组合物)
取茯苓3kg,用水提取3次,每次1小时,第一次为茯苓重量的8倍重量的水,第二、三次各为茯苓重量的6倍重量的水,提取液滤过后减压浓缩成干浸膏,备用。
C、刺五加提取物(C组药物组合物)
取刺五加3kg,用水提取3次,每次1小时,第一次为刺五加重量的8倍重量的水,第二、三次各为刺五加重量的6倍重量的水,提取液滤过后减压浓缩成干浸膏0.12kg,备用。
D、知母提取物(D组药物组合物)
取知母3kg,加入知母重量的6倍重量的水,加热至沸腾后,煎煮2h,留取上清,残渣重复上述过程一次,两次提取液滤过后减压浓缩成干浸膏,备用。
E组药物组合物的制备
重量:淫羊藿20份、茯苓50份
取茯苓5kg,用水提取3次,每次1小时,第一次为茯苓重量的8倍重量的水,第二、 三次各为茯苓重量的6倍重量的水,提取液滤过后减压浓缩成干浸膏,备用;取淫羊藿2kg,用50%乙醇提取3次,每次提取1小时,第一次为淫羊藿重量的9倍重量的50%乙醇,第二次为淫羊藿重量的7倍重量的50%乙醇,第三次为淫羊藿重量的5倍重量的50%乙醇,提取液滤过,减压回收乙醇后浓缩成干浸膏,备用。将两种备用浸膏混匀。
F组药物组合物的制备
重量:淫羊藿40份、茯苓55份
取茯苓1.1kg,用水提取3次,每次1小时,第一次为茯苓重量的8倍重量的水,第二、三次各为茯苓重量的6倍重量的水,提取液滤过后减压浓缩成干浸膏,备用;取淫羊藿0.8kg,用50%乙醇提取3次,每次提取1小时,第一次为淫羊藿重量的9倍重量的50%乙醇,第二次为淫羊藿重量的7倍重量的50%乙醇,第三次为淫羊藿重量的5倍重量的50%乙醇,提取液滤过,减压回收乙醇后浓缩成干浸膏,备用。将两种备用浸膏混匀。
F’组药物组合物的制备
重量:淫羊藿40份、茯苓55份
取茯苓1.1kg,用水提取2次,每次3小时,第一次为茯苓重量的6倍重量的水,第二次为茯苓重量的4倍重量的水,提取液滤过后减压浓缩成干浸膏;取淫羊藿1kg,用70%乙醇提取2次,每次提取1小时,第一次为淫羊藿重量的7倍重量的70%乙醇,第二次为淫羊藿重量的4倍重量的70%乙醇,提取液滤过,减压回收乙醇后浓缩成干浸膏;将上述两种浸膏混匀。
G组药物组合物的制备
重量:淫羊藿50份、茯苓15份
取茯苓0.3kg,用水提取3次,每次1小时,第一次为茯苓重量的8倍重量的水,第二、三次各为茯苓重量的6倍重量的水,提取液滤过后减压浓缩成干浸膏,备用;取淫羊藿1kg,用50%乙醇提取3次,每次提取1小时,第一次为淫羊藿重量的9倍重量的50%乙醇,第二次为淫羊藿重量的7倍重量的50%乙醇,第三次为淫羊藿重量的5倍重量的50%乙醇,提取液滤过,减压回收乙醇后浓缩成干浸膏,备用。将两种备用浸膏混匀。
G’组药物组合物的制备
重量:淫羊藿50份、茯苓15份
取茯苓0.3kg,用水提取2次,每次3小时,第一次为茯苓重量的10倍重量的水,第二次为茯苓重量的8倍重量的水,提取液滤过后减压浓缩成干浸膏;取淫羊藿1kg,用30%乙醇提取2次,每次提取3小时,第一次为淫羊藿重量的16倍重量的30%乙醇,第二次为淫羊藿重量的12倍重量的30%乙醇,提取液滤过,减压回收乙醇后浓缩成干浸膏;将上述两种浸 膏混匀。
H组药物组合物的制备
重量:淫羊藿50份、茯苓15份、刺五加10份
刺五加1kg、淫羊藿5kg、茯苓1.5kg:用水将刺五加提取3次,每次1小时,第一次8倍重量的水,第二、三次各6倍重量的水,提取液滤过后减压浓缩成干浸膏,备用;用水将茯苓提取3次,每次1小时,第一次8倍重量的水,第二、三次各6倍重量的水,提取液滤过后减压浓缩成干浸膏,备用;淫羊藿用50%乙醇提取3次,每次提取1小时,第一次9倍重量的50%乙醇,第二次7倍重量的50%乙醇,第三次5倍重量的50%乙醇,提取液滤过,减压回收乙醇后浓缩成干浸膏,备用。将三种备用浸膏混匀。
H’组药物组合物的制备
重量:淫羊藿50份、茯苓15份、刺五加10份
刺五加1kg、淫羊藿5kg、茯苓1.5kg:用水将刺五加提2次,每次1小时,第一次6倍重量的水,第二、三次各4倍重量的水,提取液滤过后减压浓缩成干浸膏,备用;用水提取茯苓2次,每次3小时,第一次为茯苓重量的6倍重量的水,第二次为茯苓重量的4倍重量的水,提取液滤过后减压浓缩成茯苓干浸膏,备用;取淫羊藿,用70%乙醇提取2次,每次提取1小时,第一次为淫羊藿重量的7倍重量的70%乙醇,第二次为淫羊藿重量的4倍重量的70%乙醇,提取液滤过,减压回收乙醇后浓缩成淫羊藿干浸膏,备用。将三种备用浸膏混匀。
I组药物组合物的制备
重量:淫羊藿25份、茯苓45份、刺五加25份
刺五加5kg、淫羊藿5kg、茯苓9kg,刺五加、茯苓合提3次,每次1小时,第一次8倍重量的水,第二、三次各6倍重量的水,提取液滤过后减压浓缩成干浸膏,备用;淫羊藿用50%乙醇提取3次,每次提取1小时,第一次9倍重量的50%乙醇,第二次7倍重量的50%乙醇,第三次5倍重量的50%乙醇,提取液滤过,减压回收乙醇后浓缩成干浸膏,备用。将两种备用浸膏混匀。
J组药物组合物的制备
重量:淫羊藿30份、茯苓30份、刺五加35份
刺五加3.5kg、淫羊藿3kg、茯苓3kg,刺五加、茯苓合提3次,每次1小时,第一次8倍重量的水,第二、三次各6倍重量的水,提取液滤过后减压浓缩成干浸膏,备用;淫羊藿用50%乙醇提取3次,每次提取1小时,第一次9倍重量的50%乙醇,第二次7倍重量的50%乙醇,第三次5倍重量的50%乙醇,提取液滤过,减压回收乙醇后浓缩成干浸膏,备用。将两种备用浸膏混匀。
K组药物组合物的制备
重量:淫羊藿20份、茯苓40份、刺五加55份
刺五加1.1kg、淫羊藿0.4kg、茯苓0.8kg,刺五加、茯苓合提3次,每次1小时,第一次8倍重量的水,第二、三次各6倍重量的水,提取液滤过后减压浓缩成干浸膏,备用;淫羊藿用50%乙醇提取3次,每次提取1小时,第一次9倍重量的50%乙醇,第二次7倍重量的50%乙醇,第三次5倍重量的50%乙醇,提取液滤过,减压回收乙醇后浓缩成干浸膏,备用。将两种备用浸膏混匀。
L组药物组合物的制备
重量:淫羊藿20份、茯苓55份、刺五加20份
刺五加0.4kg、淫羊藿0.4kg、茯苓1.1kg,刺五加、茯苓合提3次,每次1小时,第一次8倍重量的水,第二、三次各6倍重量的水,提取液滤过后减压浓缩成干浸膏,备用;淫羊藿用50%乙醇提取3次,每次提取1小时,第一次9倍重量的50%乙醇,第二次7倍重量的50%乙醇,第三次5倍重量的50%乙醇,提取液滤过,减压回收乙醇后浓缩成干浸膏,备用。将两种备用浸膏混匀。
L’组药物组合物的制备
重量:淫羊藿20份、茯苓55份、刺五加20份
刺五加0.4kg、淫羊藿0.4kg、茯苓1.1kg,取所述重量份的刺五加、茯苓,用水合提2次,每次3小时,第一次10倍重量的水,第二次为8倍重量的水,提取液滤过后减压浓缩成干浸膏;淫羊藿用30%乙醇提取2次,每次提取3小时,第一次用淫羊藿重量的16倍重量的30%乙醇,第二次或第三次各为淫羊藿重量的12倍重量的30%乙醇,提取液滤过,减压回收乙醇后浓缩成干浸膏;将上述两种浸膏混匀。
M组药物组合物的制备
重量:淫羊藿50份、茯苓15份、刺五加15份、知母15份
刺五加3kg、淫羊藿10kg、茯苓3kg,知母3kg:刺五加、茯苓合提3次,每次1小时,第一次8倍重量的水,第二、三次各6倍重量的水。提取液滤过后减压浓缩成干浸膏,备用;淫羊藿用50%乙醇提取3次,每次提取1小时,第一次9倍重量的50%乙醇,第二次7倍重量的重量的50%乙醇,第三次5倍重量的50%乙醇,提取液滤过,减压回收乙醇后浓缩成干浸膏,备用;知母用6倍重量的水,加热至沸腾后,煎煮2h,留取上清,残渣重复上述过程一次,两次提取液滤过后减压浓缩成干浸膏,备用。将三种备用浸膏混匀。
M’组药物组合物的制备
重量:淫羊藿50份、茯苓15份、刺五加15份、知母15份
取所述重量份的刺五加、茯苓,合提3次,每次1小时,第一次6倍重量的水,第二次和第三次各4倍重量的水,提取液滤过后减压浓缩成干浸膏,备用;取所述重量份的淫羊藿,用30%乙醇提取3次,每次提取3小时,第一次用淫羊藿重量的16倍重量的30%乙醇,第二次和第三次用淫羊藿重量的12倍重量的30%乙醇,提取液滤过,减压回收乙醇后浓缩成干浸膏,备用;取所述重量份的知母,用6倍重量的水,加热至沸腾后,煎煮2h,留取上清,残渣重复上述过程一次,两次提取液滤过后减压浓缩成干浸膏,备用;将三种备用浸膏混匀。
N组药物组合物的制备
重量:淫羊藿25份、茯苓30份、刺五加30份、知母10份
刺五加6kg、淫羊藿5kg、茯苓6kg,知母2kg:刺五加、茯苓合提3次,每次1小时,第一次8倍重量的水,第二、三次各6倍重量的水,提取液滤过后减压浓缩成干浸膏,备用;淫羊藿用50%乙醇提取3次,每次提取1小时,第一次9倍重量的50%乙醇,第二次7倍重量的重量的50%乙醇,第三次5倍重量的50%乙醇,提取液滤过,减压回收乙醇后浓缩成干浸膏,备用;知母用6倍重量的水,加热至沸腾后,煎煮2h,留取上清,残渣重复上述过程一次,两次提取液滤过后减压浓缩成干浸膏,备用。将三种备用浸膏混匀。
O组药物组合物的制备
重量:淫羊藿30份、茯苓30份、刺五加25份、知母15份
刺五加5kg、淫羊藿6kg、茯苓6kg,知母3kg:刺五加、茯苓合提3次,每次1小时,第一次8倍重量的水,第二、三次各6倍重量的水。提取液滤过后减压浓缩成干浸膏,备用;淫羊藿用50%乙醇提取3次,每次提取1小时,第一次9倍重量的50%乙醇,第二次7倍重量的重量的50%乙醇,第三次5倍重量的50%乙醇,提取液滤过,减压回收乙醇后浓缩成干浸膏,备用;知母用6倍重量的水,加热至沸腾后,煎煮2h,留取上清,残渣重复上述过程一次,两次提取液滤过后减压浓缩成干浸膏,备用。将三种备用浸膏混匀。
P组药物组合物的制备
重量:淫羊藿20份、茯苓20份、刺五加50份、知母12份
刺五加5kg、淫羊藿2kg、茯苓2kg,知母1.2kg:刺五加、茯苓合提3次,每次1小时,第一次8倍重量的水,第二、三次各6倍重量的水。提取液滤过后减压浓缩成干浸膏,备用;淫羊藿用50%乙醇提取3次,每次提取1小时,第一次9倍重量的50%乙醇,第二次7倍重量的重量的50%乙醇,第三次5倍重量的50%乙醇,提取液滤过,减压回收乙醇后浓缩成干浸膏,备用;知母用6倍重量的水,加热至沸腾后,煎煮2h,留取上清,残渣重复上述过程一次,两次提取液滤过后减压浓缩成干浸膏,备用。将三种备用浸膏混匀。
Q组药物组合物的制备
重量:淫羊藿20份、茯苓50份、刺五加24份、知母6份
刺五加2.4kg、淫羊藿2.0kg、茯苓5kg,知母0.6kg:刺五加、茯苓合提3次,每次1小时,第一次8倍重量的水,第二、三次各6倍重量的水,提取液滤过后减压浓缩成干浸膏,备用;淫羊藿用50%乙醇提取3次,每次提取1小时,第一次9倍重量的50%乙醇,第二次7倍重量的重量的50%乙醇,第三次5倍重量的50%乙醇,提取液滤过,减压回收乙醇后浓缩成干浸膏,备用;知母用6倍重量的水,加热至沸腾后,煎煮2h,留取上清,残渣重复上述过程一次,两次提取液滤过后减压浓缩成干浸膏,备用。将三种备用浸膏混匀。
Q’组药物组合物的制备
重量:淫羊藿20份、茯苓50份、刺五加24份、知母6份
刺五加2.4kg、淫羊藿2.0k、茯苓5kg、知母0.6kg:取所述重量份的刺五加、茯苓,用水分别提取2次,每次3小时,第一次10倍重量的水,第二次8倍重量的水,提取液滤过后减压浓缩成干浸膏;取所述重量份的淫羊藿,用70%乙醇提取2次,每次提取1小时,第一次用淫羊藿重量的7倍重量的70%乙醇,第二次用淫羊藿重量的4倍重量的70%乙醇,提取液滤过,减压回收乙醇后浓缩成干浸膏;取所述重量份的知母,用10倍重量的水,加热至沸腾后,煎煮4h,留取上清,残渣重复上述过程一次,两次提取液滤过后减压浓缩成干浸膏;将上述三种浸膏混匀。
R组药物组合物的制备
参照J组药物组合物的制备方法,用伏神替换茯苓。
S组药物组合物的制备
参照J组药物组合物的制备方法,用猪苓替换茯苓。
T组药物组合物的制备
参照J组药物组合物的制备方法,用五加皮替换刺五加。
U组药物组合物的制备
参照J组药物组合物的制备方法,用刺五加叶替换刺五加。
实施例二、对东莨菪碱模型大鼠学习记忆的影响
1、材料
材料Morris水迷宫全套设备,成都泰盟科技有限公司;DT-200跳台仪,成都泰盟科技有限公司;氢溴酸东莨菪碱注射液(Scop),武汉华怡达医药科技有限公司;盐酸多奈哌齐,卫材(中国)药业有限公司,规格:5mg,批号:120829A。
动物  SD雄性大鼠,成都达硕生物科技有限公司。
2、方法
动物分组及给药
大鼠随机分为正常对照组,Scop模型组、阳性对照组(多奈哌齐,1.17mg·kg-1)、受试药物组(参照实施例1中制备,相当于生药材量:11.08g/kg),实验前连续灌胃给药2周,正常对照及模型组分别给予等体积蒸馏水,第9天Morris训练,2次/天。于第14天进行Morris水迷宫和跳台测试。
造模方法和学习记忆测试
实验当天,大鼠灌胃给药30min后,腹腔注射氢溴酸东莨菪碱(2mg·kg-1连续2天后第3天该为1mg·kg-1)20min后进行Morris水迷宫测试,正常对照组腹腔注射等量的生理盐水。通过摄像头跟踪大鼠的游泳成绩,计算机自动记录大鼠在90s内的行程,时间及运动速度,计算出寻找站台的逃避潜伏期和游泳距离。跳台试验:第一天学习训练,第二天重复测试,于测试前20min大鼠一次性腹腔注射氢溴酸东莨菪碱(5mg·kg-1),记录大鼠第一次跳下平台的潜伏期(SDL)、逃避电击的潜伏期(EL)。
3、结果
1)、对东莨菪碱致记忆障碍模型大鼠Morris水迷宫实验的影响
表1对Morris水迷宫实验的影响
Figure PCTCN2015081950-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2015081950-appb-000002
与模型对照组比较:*P<0.05,**P<0.01
表1结果显示,在Morris水迷宫实验中,A、B、C、D药物组对Scop致记忆障碍模型大鼠虽有改善,但不明显(P>0.05)。其他药物组均有不同程度的改善作用,其中J组和O组改善最为明显,其差异具有非常显著的统计学意义(P<0.01)。
2)、对东莨菪碱致记忆障碍模型大鼠跳台实验的影响
表2对大鼠跳台实验的影响
Figure PCTCN2015081950-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2015081950-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2015081950-appb-000005
与模型对照组比较:*P<0.05,**P<0.01
表2结果显示,在大鼠跳台试验中,A、B、C、D药物组对Scop致记忆障碍模型大鼠虽有改善,但不明显(P>0.05)。其他药物组均有不同程度的改善作用,其中J组和O组改善最为明显,其差异具有非常显著的统计学意义(P<0.01)。
实施例三、对APPswe转基因小鼠学习记忆的影响
1、材料
材料  Morris水迷宫全套设备,成都泰盟科技有限公司;物体识别装置为自制;盐酸多奈哌齐,卫材(中国)药业有限公司,规格:5mg,批号:120829A。
动物  5月龄APPswe转基因小鼠,南京动物模式研究所。
2、方法
动物分组及给药
取APPswe转基因小鼠,雌雄各半,随机分为模型对照组、阳性对照组(多奈哌齐,1.67mg·kg-1)、受试药物组(参照实施例1中组合物制备,相当于生药材量:15.83g/kg),同背景同月龄的APPswe小鼠(来源于南京动物模式研究所,该小鼠未表达人类早老素和人鼠淀粉样前蛋白,未导致老年性痴呆)为正常对照组。各组均采用灌胃给予相应药物,正常组和模型组给予等体积的蒸馏水,每日1次,连续30天。
Morris水迷宫试验
各组小鼠在给药第25~29天进行水迷宫训练,2次/天。末次给药1小时后,保持站台位置不变,自动摄像系统将记录小鼠寻找到站台的逃避潜伏期和游泳路径,设置120s为最大潜伏时间,120s后将自动停止记录。
物体识别试验
根据动物“喜新厌旧”习性,采用自制物体识别装置检测动物学习记忆能力,第1天为适应期:将小鼠放于采光度较好的纸盒中,自行适应活动10min左右。第2天为熟悉期:在方盒中放入2个相同的玩具,将小鼠放入盒中停留10min,记录在每个物体上探索时间。第3天为识别期:将另一个物体放在方盒,替换其中的一个玩具,测定鼠探索每个物体的时间。 计算统计第3天各组小鼠在新玩具上的分辨指数(公式:分辨指数=(新物体时间-旧物体时间)/(新物体时间+旧物体时间)
3、结果
1)、对APPswe小鼠水迷宫实验的影响
表3对Morris水迷宫实验的影响
Figure PCTCN2015081950-appb-000006
Figure PCTCN2015081950-appb-000007
与模型对照组比较,*P<0.05,**P<0.01
表3结果显示,在Morris水迷宫实验中,A、B、C、D药物组对APPswe小鼠虽有改善,但不明显(P>0.05)。其他药物组均有不同程度的改善作用,与模型对照组比较,其差异具有显著的统计学意义(P<0.01~0.05)。
2)对APPswe小鼠物体识别实验的影响
表4对物体识别实验的影响
Figure PCTCN2015081950-appb-000008
Figure PCTCN2015081950-appb-000009
Figure PCTCN2015081950-appb-000010
与模型对照组比较,*P<0.05,**P<0.01。
表4结果显示,A、B、C、D药物组对APPswe小鼠新物体探索时间虽有改善,但不明显(P>0.05)。其他药物组对APPswe小鼠新物体探索时间均有不同程度的改善作用,与模型对照组比较,其差异具有显著的统计学意义(P<0.01~0.05)。
实施例四、对东莨菪碱模型小鼠学习记忆的影响
1、材料
材料  Morris水迷宫全套设备,成都泰盟科技有限公司;DT-200跳台仪,成都泰盟科技有限公司;氢溴酸东莨菪碱注射液(Scop),武汉华怡达医药科技有限公司;盐酸多奈哌齐,卫材(中国)药业有限公司,规格:5mg,批号:120829A。
动物  KM小鼠,成都达硕生物科技有限公司。
2、方法
动物分组及给药
小鼠随机分为正常对照组,Scop模型组、阳性对照组(多奈哌齐,1.67mg·kg-1)、受试药物组(参照实施例1中组合物制备,A、B、C药物组剂量相当于生药材31.66g/kg;J药物组高剂量组相当于生药材量:31.66g/kg;中剂量组相当于生药材量:15.83g/kg,低剂量组相当于生药材量:7.92g/kg)实验前连续灌胃给药2周,正常对照及模型组分别给予等体积蒸馏水,第9天进行Morris训练,2次/天。于第14天开始造模并进行Morris水迷宫。
造模方法和学习记忆测试
实验当天,小鼠灌胃给药30min后,腹腔注射Scop(3mg·kg-1)20min后进行Morris水迷宫测试,正常对照组腹腔注射等量的生理盐水。通过摄像头跟踪小鼠的游泳成绩,计算机自动记录小鼠在300s内的行程,时间及运动速度,设置300s为最大潜伏期,300s后停止记录。计算出寻找站台的逃避潜伏期和游泳距离。
3、结果
表5对小鼠Morris水迷宫实验的影响
Figure PCTCN2015081950-appb-000011
Figure PCTCN2015081950-appb-000012
Figure PCTCN2015081950-appb-000013
与模型对照组比较:*P<0.05,**P<0.01
表5结果显示,在Morris水迷宫实验中,各药物组对Scop致记忆障碍模型小鼠均有不同程度的改善作用,其中J药物高、中、低剂量组改善最为明显,其差异具有显著的统计学意义(P<0.01~0.05)。
实施例五、临床试验研究
1、病例选择:
1.1诊断标准:
采用NINCDS-ADRDA-R标准,依据现有的条件选择在核心诊断标准(A)基础上,加(B)支持特征及排除证据。具体见表6
表6核心诊断标准、支持性特征及排除证据
Figure PCTCN2015081950-appb-000014
Figure PCTCN2015081950-appb-000015
1.2纳入标准:
(1)年龄≥60岁,性别不限。
(2)符合AD的诊断标准,又符合上述中医证候候标准。
(3)小学以上文化程度。
(4)无中风病史。
(5)Hachiski缺血计分表(HIS)评分低于4分。
(6)头颅MR明确(有脑萎缩,无其他颅病变)。
(7)MMSE评分:中学以上9~24分;小学9~20分;CDR评分:1分、2分的轻中度患者。
(8)1周以上未服有任何治疗痴呆药物患者。
1.3排除标准:
(1)严重心脑血管疾病、严重肝肾疾病、肺部感染患者。
(2)不能配合治疗患者以及对本药物过敏患者。
(3)合并有严重抑郁患者(抑郁重量的表检查证实)。
(4)血管性痴呆(VD)、帕金森病痴呆(PDD)、路易体痴呆(DLB)、额颞叶痴呆(FTD)等。
(5)AD重度患者或伴有严重神经功能缺损不能完成检查患者。
(6)正在服用或1周内服用安理申、美金刚、石杉碱甲、尼莫地平、人参、银杏叶、西红花等药物。
1.4剔除或脱落标准:
(1)服药依从性差、服药不足1个月以上患者。
(2)服药其间合并有严重的疾病需要住院治疗患者。
(3)凡不符合纳入标准而误被纳入的患者及虽符合纳入标准但未能按规定用药的患者。
1.5终止标准:
(1)试验过程中出现严重的其他疾病的患者。
(2)试验过程中发生严重不良事件的患者,根据医生判断应停止临床试验患者。
(3)非疗效性原因不能坚持治疗、主动提出的患者。
2、试验药物制法及用法用量
刺五加350kg、淫羊藿300kg、茯苓300kg,按上述同法提取,刺五加、茯苓合提后干浸膏26kg,淫羊藿干浸膏54kg。干浸膏打粉加入适重量的淀粉、糊精制颗粒,灭菌,按8g/袋分装。2次/日,早、晚各1次,每次1袋。成人日服生药重量:淫羊藿30g、刺五加35g、茯苓30g。治疗周期6个月。
3、观察项目
于入组前、用药治疗6个月如下观察:
(1)ADAS-cog量表。
(2)MMSE量表。
(3)日常生活活动能力量表(ADL)。
(4)临床痴呆评定量表(CDR)。
(5)神经精神症状问卷量表(NPI)。
4、疗效评定标准
主要指标
(1)认知功能评定:采用MMSE、ADAS-cog、CDR评分法与基线水平比较。
(2)整体状况:CDR总体评估。
次要指标
(1)日常生活活动能力评定:ADL积分用药前后变化比较。
(2)精神行为评定:神经精神症状问卷(NPI)量表积分用药前后变化比较分析。
5、研究结果
表7部分临床数据
Figure PCTCN2015081950-appb-000016
Figure PCTCN2015081950-appb-000017
以表7临床数据进行统计,结果如下:
表8-1对MMSE、ADAS-cog、CDR分值变化的影响
Figure PCTCN2015081950-appb-000018
n=16)
Figure PCTCN2015081950-appb-000019
与服药前比较:**P<0.01
表8-2对CDR评定各级病情的治疗情况
Figure PCTCN2015081950-appb-000020
表8-1结果显示,患者服药治疗6个月MMSE、ADAS-cog、CDR改善作用明显,与服药前基线分值相比较,其差异具有非常显著的统计学意义(P<0.01),说明该药物明显改善AD患者的认知功能。表8-2结果显示,根据CDR评分分级,对7例中度AD患者服药治疗6个月,5例转为轻度,改善率71.4%,9例轻度AD患者,6例转为可疑痴呆,改善率66.7%。
表9对NPI、ADL分值变化的影响(
Figure PCTCN2015081950-appb-000021
n=16)
Figure PCTCN2015081950-appb-000022
与服药前比较:*P<0.05,**P<0.01
表9结果显示,患者服药治疗6个月后NPI、ADL改善作用明显,与服药前基线分值相比较,其差异具有显著的统计学意义(P<0.01~0.05),说明该药物能明显改善AD患者的神经精神症状和日常生活能力。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种预防或治疗老年痴呆的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述药物组合物的活性成分是由包含以下重量份的原料药制成:淫羊藿20-50,茯苓15-55。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的预防或治疗老年痴呆的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述药物组合物的活性成分是由包含以下重量份的原料药制成:淫羊藿20-50,茯苓15-55,刺五加10-55。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的预防或治疗老年痴呆的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述药物组合物的活性成分是由包含以下重量份的原料药制成:淫羊藿20-30,茯苓20-45,刺五加20-55。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的预防或治疗老年痴呆的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述药物组合物的活性成分是由包含以下重量份的原料药制成:淫羊藿30,茯苓30,刺五加35。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的预防或治疗老年痴呆的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述药物组合物的活性成分是由包含以下重量份的原料药制成:淫羊藿20-50,茯苓15-50,刺五加15-50,知母6-15。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的预防或治疗老年痴呆的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述药物组合物的活性成分是由包含以下重量份的原料药制成:淫羊藿20-30,茯苓20-30,刺五加25-50,知母10-15。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的预防或治疗老年痴呆的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述药物组合物的活性成分是由包含以下重量份的原料药制成:淫羊藿30,茯苓30,刺五加25,知母15。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的预防或治疗老年痴呆的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述茯苓可以被伏神或猪苓替换。
  9. 根据权利要求2-7中任一项所述的预防或治疗老年痴呆的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述刺五加可以被五加皮或刺五加叶替换。
  10. 根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的预防或治疗老年痴呆的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述茯苓的加工工艺如下:取所述重量份的茯苓,用水提取2-3次,每次1-3小时,第一次为茯苓重量的6-10倍重量的水,第二次或第三次各为茯苓重量的4-8倍重量的水,提取液滤过后减压浓缩成干浸膏;优选地,所述茯苓的加工工艺如下:取所述重量份的茯苓,用水提取3次,每次1小时,第一次为茯苓重量的8倍重量的水,第二、三次各为茯苓重量的6倍重量的水,提取液滤过后减压浓缩成干浸膏。
  11. 根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的预防或治疗老年痴呆的药物组合物,其特征在于, 所述淫羊藿的加工工艺如下:取所述重量份的淫羊藿,用30-70%乙醇提取2-3次,每次提取1-3小时,第一次为淫羊藿重量的7-16倍重量的30-70%乙醇,第二次或第三次各为淫羊藿重量的4-12倍重量的30-70%乙醇,30-70%提取液滤过,减压回收乙醇后浓缩成干浸膏;优选地,所述淫羊藿的加工工艺如下:取所述重量份的淫羊藿,用50%乙醇提取3次,每次提取1小时,第一次为淫羊藿重量的9倍重量的50%乙醇,第二次为淫羊藿重量的7倍重量的50%乙醇,第三次为淫羊藿重量的5倍重量的50%乙醇,提取液滤过,减压回收乙醇后浓缩成干浸膏。
  12. 根据权利要求2-7中任一项所述的预防或治疗老年痴呆的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述刺五加的加工工艺如下:取所述重量份的刺五加,用水提取2-3次,每次1-3小时,第一次为刺五加重量的6-10倍重量的水,第二次或第三次各为刺五加重量的4-8倍重量的水,提取液滤过后减压浓缩成干浸膏;优选地,所述刺五加的加工工艺如下:取所述重量份的刺五加,用水提取3次,每次1小时,第一次为刺五加重量的8倍重量的水,第二、三次各为刺五加重量的6倍重量的水,提取液滤过后减压浓缩成干浸膏。
  13. 根据权利要求5-7中任一项所述的预防或治疗老年痴呆的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述知母的加工工艺如下:取所述重量份的知母,用知母重量的6-10倍重量的水,加热至沸腾后,煎煮2-4h,留取上清,残渣重复上述过程一次,两次提取液滤过后减压浓缩成干浸膏;优选地,所述知母的加工工艺如下:取所述重量份的知母,用知母重量的6倍重量的水,加热至沸腾后,煎煮2h,留取上清,残渣重复上述过程一次,两次提取液滤过后减压浓缩成干浸膏。
  14. 一种制备权利要求1所述的预防或治疗老年痴呆的药物组合物的方法,其特征在于,包含如下步骤:
    取所述重量份的茯苓,用水提取2-3次,每次1-3小时,第一次为茯苓重量的6-10倍重量的水,第二、三次各为茯苓重量的4-8倍重量的水,提取液滤过后减压浓缩成茯苓干浸膏;优选地,取所述重量份的茯苓,用水提取3次,每次1小时,第一次为茯苓重量的8倍重量的水,第二、三次各为茯苓重量的6倍重量的水,提取液滤过后减压浓缩成干浸膏;
    取所述重量份的淫羊藿,用30-70%乙醇提取2-3次,每次提取1-3小时,第一次为淫羊藿重量的7-16倍重量的30-70%乙醇,第二次或第三次各为淫羊藿重量的4-12倍重量的30-70%乙醇,30-70%提取液滤过,减压回收乙醇后浓缩成淫羊藿干浸膏;优选地,取所述重量份的淫羊藿,用50%乙醇提取3次,每次提取1小时,第一次为淫羊藿重量的9倍重量的50%乙醇,第二次为淫羊藿重量的7倍重量的50%乙醇,第三次为淫羊藿重量的 5倍重量的50%乙醇,提取液滤过,减压回收乙醇后浓缩成干浸膏;
    将上述两种浸膏混匀即得所述药物组合物。
  15. 一种制备权利要求2-4中任一项所述的预防或治疗老年痴呆的药物组合物的方法,其特征在于,包含如下步骤:
    取所述重量份的刺五加、茯苓,用水分别提取2-3次或者合提2-3次,每次1-3小时,第一次6-10倍重量的水,第二次或三次各为4-8倍重量的水,提取液滤过后减压浓缩成干浸膏;优选地,取所述重量份的刺五加、茯苓,用水分别提取3次或者合提3次,每次1小时,第一次8倍重量的水,第二、三次各6倍重量的水,提取液滤过后减压浓缩成干浸膏;
    取所述重量份的淫羊藿,用30-70%乙醇提取2-3次,每次提取1-3小时,第一次用淫羊藿重量的7-16倍重量的30-70%乙醇,第二次或第三次各为淫羊藿重量的4-12倍重量的30-70%乙醇,提取液滤过,减压回收乙醇后浓缩成干浸膏;优选地,取所述重量份的淫羊藿,用50%乙醇提取3次,每次提取1小时,第一次用淫羊藿重量的9倍重量的50%乙醇,第二次用淫羊藿重量的7倍重量的50%乙醇,第三次用淫羊藿重量的5倍重量的50%乙醇,提取液滤过,减压回收乙醇后浓缩成干浸膏;将两种浸膏混匀即得所述药物组合物。
  16. 一种制备权利要求5-7中任一项所述的预防或治疗老年痴呆的药物组合物的方法,其特征在于,包含如下步骤:
    取所述重量份的刺五加、茯苓,用水分别提取2-3次或者合提2-3次,每次1-3小时,第一次6-10倍重量的水,第二次或第三次各4-8倍重量的水,提取液滤过后减压浓缩成干浸膏;优选地,取所述重量份的刺五加、茯苓,用水分别提取3次或者合提3次,每次1小时,第一次8倍重量的水,第二、三次各6倍重量的水,提取液滤过后减压浓缩成干浸膏;
    取所述重量份的淫羊藿,用30-70%乙醇提取2-3次,每次提取1-3小时,第一次用淫羊藿重量的7-16倍重量的30-70%乙醇,第二次或第三次用淫羊藿重量的4-12倍重量的30-70%乙醇30-70%,提取液滤过,减压回收乙醇后浓缩成干浸膏;优选地,取所述重量份的淫羊藿,用50%乙醇提取3次,每次提取1小时,第一次用淫羊藿重量的9倍重量的50%乙醇,第二次用淫羊藿重量的7倍重量的50%乙醇,第三次用淫羊藿重量的5倍重量的50%乙醇,提取液滤过,减压回收乙醇后浓缩成干浸膏;
    取所述重量份的知母,用6-10倍重量的水,加热至沸腾后,煎煮2-4h,留取上清,残渣重复上述过程一次,两次提取液滤过后减压浓缩成干浸膏;优选地,取所述重量份的 知母,用6倍重量的水,加热至沸腾后,煎煮2h,留取上清,残渣重复上述过程一次,两次提取液滤过后减压浓缩成干浸膏;
    将上述三种浸膏混匀即得所述药物组合物。
PCT/CN2015/081950 2014-06-20 2015-06-19 一种预防和治疗老年痴呆的药物组合物及其制备方法 WO2015192804A1 (zh)

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PH12016502302A1 (en) 2017-02-13
CN105311083B (zh) 2019-06-11
US11278584B2 (en) 2022-03-22
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US20200222491A1 (en) 2020-07-16
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CA2950638C (en) 2019-12-31
KR20180099911A (ko) 2018-09-05
KR101990758B1 (ko) 2019-06-18
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EP3159004A4 (en) 2018-02-21
KR20170003700A (ko) 2017-01-09
EP3159004A1 (en) 2017-04-26
RU2016146370A (ru) 2018-07-20
AU2015276657B2 (en) 2017-12-14
KR20180088532A (ko) 2018-08-03
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