WO2015192354A1 - 薄型双向棘轮扳手 - Google Patents

薄型双向棘轮扳手 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015192354A1
WO2015192354A1 PCT/CN2014/080303 CN2014080303W WO2015192354A1 WO 2015192354 A1 WO2015192354 A1 WO 2015192354A1 CN 2014080303 W CN2014080303 W CN 2014080303W WO 2015192354 A1 WO2015192354 A1 WO 2015192354A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pawl
ratchet
pawl member
thickness
thin
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2014/080303
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王暋
Original Assignee
杭州巨星工具有限公司
杭州巨星科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 杭州巨星工具有限公司, 杭州巨星科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 杭州巨星工具有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2014/080303 priority Critical patent/WO2015192354A1/zh
Priority to EP14895008.2A priority patent/EP3159110A4/en
Priority to CA2952889A priority patent/CA2952889C/en
Priority to US14/320,002 priority patent/US9643297B2/en
Priority to US14/320,056 priority patent/US9643298B2/en
Publication of WO2015192354A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015192354A1/zh

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B13/00—Spanners; Wrenches
    • B25B13/48—Spanners; Wrenches for special purposes
    • B25B13/481—Spanners; Wrenches for special purposes for operating in areas having limited access
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B13/00—Spanners; Wrenches
    • B25B13/02—Spanners; Wrenches with rigid jaws
    • B25B13/06—Spanners; Wrenches with rigid jaws of socket type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B13/00—Spanners; Wrenches
    • B25B13/46—Spanners; Wrenches of the ratchet type, for providing a free return stroke of the handle
    • B25B13/461—Spanners; Wrenches of the ratchet type, for providing a free return stroke of the handle with concentric driving and driven member
    • B25B13/462—Spanners; Wrenches of the ratchet type, for providing a free return stroke of the handle with concentric driving and driven member the ratchet parts engaging in a direction radial to the tool operating axis
    • B25B13/465—Spanners; Wrenches of the ratchet type, for providing a free return stroke of the handle with concentric driving and driven member the ratchet parts engaging in a direction radial to the tool operating axis a pawl engaging an internally toothed ring

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to hand tools, and more particularly to a thin two-way ratchet wrench.
  • the movement of the hand in the direction of rotation has a certain limit and does not continue in one direction.
  • the axis of rotation of the handle is coaxial with the spindle. This is generally the case: first, turn the handle in a desired direction by hand (for example, tighten or loosen a screw), then reverse the hand. Rotate to reposition the tool to go to the next cycle.
  • the reverse rotation of the hand may be re-held after the handle is released, or may be a one-way device such as a ratchet mechanism in the tool, so that the spindle does not move when the handle is reversed. It is also possible to insert the tool after it is detached from the screw. In any case, the reverse rotation of the hand does not result in effective movement of the fastener, and thus becomes a wasteful action.
  • US Patent US5931062 A mechanical converter is disclosed such that the spindle rotates in one direction regardless of whether the handle is rotated clockwise or counterclockwise, thereby greatly improving the movement efficiency of the hand and saving the operation time.
  • the conversion device of the invention can only rotate the main shaft in one direction, which does not accommodate the need for the main shaft to rotate in two directions, for example, as a torque wrench application, it is necessary to tighten or loosen the fastener, and install the The torque wrench of the inventive conversion device tightens the fastener (or loosens the fastener) as a result of the operation of tightening the fastener to the conventional wrench or the operation of loosening the fastener.
  • the solution that can be considered can only be at both ends of the spindle of the torque wrench (ie, two of the working portions)
  • the ends are all provided with an output end, one end for tightening the fastener and the other end for loosening the fastener.
  • a bidirectional ratchet wrench including a reversing switch, is disclosed to solve the problem of conveniently switching the direction of rotation of the main shaft.
  • the wrench requires a certain amount of torque to tighten the fastener, and therefore, in order to provide sufficient torque, the size of the two-way ratchet wrench requires thicker components to achieve the desired strength. This makes the two-way ratchet wrench require a large space in the axial direction of the spindle to hold the holding device during use. Therefore, such a two-way ratchet wrench cannot be used in a narrow space where the space in the axial direction of the main shaft is small, such as a gap of some slits or mechanical parts.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a thin two-way ratchet wrench for achieving use in a narrow space and for stably switching the direction of rotation of the main shaft.
  • the present invention provides a thin bidirectional ratchet wrench including a working portion and a handle, the working portion including a main shaft for outputting torque and an axis thereof perpendicular to the handle; a driving gear, a driven a gear, an intermediate gear shaft, and an intermediate gear, wherein the driving gear, the driven gear and the intermediate gear shaft are sleeved on the main shaft, an axis of the intermediate gear shaft is perpendicular to an axis of the main shaft, and the intermediate gear Mounted on the intermediate gear shaft and coupled between the driving gear and the driven gear, wherein the handle drives the driving gear to rotate, and the intermediate gear shaft is fixed with a holding device.
  • the driving gear drives the driving gear to rotate
  • the driving gear drives the driven gear to rotate in reverse through the intermediate gear
  • the first ratchet rotates together with the driving gear a face, and a second ratchet surface that rotates with the driven gear
  • a first pawl member and a second pawl member that are rotatable by the spindle
  • the first pawl member has a first pawl and a second pawl that selectively engage the first ratchet face
  • the first pawl slips with the first ratchet surface in a first direction, and engages with the first ratchet surface in a second direction, the second pawl being first a direction of engagement with the first ratchet surface, in the second direction, slipping with the first ratchet surface
  • the second pawl element selectively mating with the second ratchet surface a third pawl and a fourth pawl, wherein the third pawl slips with the first ratchet surface in a
  • first pawl element and / Or the second pawl element is made of a high strength material, preferably the material used is injection powder metallurgy.
  • one of the pawl elements has a thickness of less than or equal to 6.5 mm
  • the thickness of the other pawl member is less than or equal to the thickness of the pawl member
  • the thickness of the ratchet surface that is engaged with the pawl member is the same as the thickness of the pawl member
  • the thickness of the intermediate gear shaft is less than or equal to 8 mm.
  • the first pawl member has a thickness of 5 mm
  • the second pawl member has a thickness smaller than the thickness of the first pawl member
  • the intermediate gear shaft has a thickness of 6 mm
  • the intermediate gear has a modulus of 0.6.
  • the working part has a thickness of 25mm.
  • the handle has an annular head and the first ratchet surface is disposed on the inner ring of the annular head.
  • the first ratchet surface is disposed on the inner race of the drive gear.
  • the second ratchet surface is disposed on the inner race of the driven gear.
  • the gripping device is a grip ring.
  • first pawl element and / or the second pawl element are fan shaped.
  • first pawl element and the second pawl element are mounted on the countershaft, the axis of the countershaft being parallel to the main axis and not coincident with the main shaft, the countershaft being coupled to the main shaft for driving the spindle to rotate.
  • the layshaft is threaded into the main shaft.
  • the reversing switch is provided with a spring
  • the reversing switch comprises a center post, a first ball plunger and a second ball plunger
  • the center post is inserted into the main shaft
  • the second ball plunger is sequentially fixed to the center post, and the first ball plunger and the second ball plunger are engaged with the first pawl member and the second pawl member, respectively.
  • a spring is disposed within the first ball plunger and the second ball plunger.
  • the thin bi-directional ratchet wrench of the present invention thins the thickness of each component in the working portion on the basis of achieving the required output torque (i.e., along the main shaft 100)
  • the length of the extension also greatly reduces the overall thickness of the working part, that is, it is easy to use in a narrow space, and meets the torque required to tighten the fastener, achieving two working modes and can be used in two Stable and convenient conversion between working modes.
  • Figure 1 is a front elevational view of a thin two-way ratchet wrench in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the working portion of the thin bidirectional ratchet wrench shown in Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 shows a transmission in a thin bi-directional ratchet wrench of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 shows a reversing device within a thin bi-directional ratchet wrench of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 shows the spindle with the first pawl element and the second pawl element mounted.
  • Figure 6 is a front elevational view of the first pawl member of Figure 5.
  • Figure 7 A fit between the first pawl member and the first ratchet face when the thin bi-directional ratchet wrench of the preferred embodiment of the present invention is in the first mode of operation is shown.
  • Fig. 8 shows a rotary knob for changing the operation mode of the thin two-way ratchet wrench of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 shows the limit device in the thin two-way ratchet wrench of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a side view of the position limiting device shown in Figure 9.
  • a thin two-way ratchet wrench includes a handle 20 and a working portion 10, a handle 20 extends longitudinally and overlies the working portion 10 through its annular head 21 (see Figure 3).
  • the working part 10 has a main shaft 100 inside and a grip ring 102 on the outside.
  • Spindle 100 One end is an output end 101 that extends beyond the head portion 21 of the working portion 10 and the handle 20.
  • Output 101 It can be configured by a different sleeve to be configured to operate various fasteners such as an external angle screw.
  • the thin bi-directional ratchet wrench of the present invention includes a transmission and a reversing device coupled thereto, from the handle 20
  • the input torque is transmitted to the main shaft 100 of the working portion 10 through the transmission, and the output end 101 is selectively made by the reversing device
  • the direction of the output torque output is a first direction or a second direction, wherein the first direction is opposite to the second direction.
  • the input torque of the working portion 10 is a clockwise torque or a counterclockwise torque
  • the output terminal 101 The output torque of the output is a clockwise torque; or, the input torque of the working portion 10 is a clockwise torque or a counterclockwise torque, and the output torque outputted by the output terminal 101 is a counterclockwise torque.
  • the structure of the transmission of the thin bidirectional ratchet wrench of the present invention is as shown in FIG. 3, and includes a first ratchet surface 311 and a driving gear 312.
  • the first ratchet surface 311 and the driving gear 312 Connected and coaxial, in this embodiment, the first ratchet surface 311 is fixed to the inner ring of the annular head 21 of the handle 20, and the driving gear 312 is fixedly coupled to the head 21 of the handle 20, so that the handle When the wheel 20 rotates, the head 21 drives the driving gear 312 to rotate at the same time.
  • the first ratchet surface 311 can also be disposed on the inner ring of the driving gear 312; the second ratchet surface 321 It is disposed on the inner ring of the driven gear 322.
  • the tooth flanks of the first ratchet surface 311 and the second ratchet surface 321 are opposed to the outer peripheral surface of the main shaft 100; the driving gear 312 and the driven gear 322 It is a face gear, and the tooth faces of the drive gear 312 and the driven gear 322 are opposed to each other.
  • the first ratchet surface 311, the second ratchet surface 321, the drive gear 312, and the driven gear 322 They are all coaxial and their central axis coincides with the central axis of the spindle 100.
  • the intermediate gear shaft 330 is fixedly coupled to the grip ring 102, and the intermediate gears 331 and 332 are mounted to the intermediate gear shaft 330. Upper, the intermediate gear shaft 330 is perpendicular to the main shaft 100.
  • the intermediate gears 331 and 332 are fitted between the driving gear 312 and the driven gear 322, and their teeth are respectively coupled to the driving gear 312. And the teeth on the tooth surface of the driven gear 322 are engaged and transmitted.
  • the grip ring 102 is fixed, that is, the intermediate gear shaft 330 is fixed
  • the driving gear 312 passes through the intermediate gear 331 when it rotates.
  • 332 drives the driven gear 322 to rotate in the opposite direction.
  • the intermediate gears 331 and 332 are both bevel gears.
  • the structure of the reversing device of the thin bidirectional ratchet wrench of the present invention is as shown in FIG. 4, and includes a central column 220 and a first ball plunger 221
  • the second ball plunger 222 and the spring 224 constitute a reversing switch and a first pawl member 211 and a second pawl member 212.
  • the center column 220 is installed in the main shaft 100
  • the spring The 224 sleeve is disposed on the central axis between the first end 2201 of the center post 220 and the main shaft 100, and the first ball plunger 221 and the second ball plunger 222 are sequentially fixed to the center post 220.
  • the ball-head portions of the first ball plunger 221 and the second ball plunger 222 move in a direction perpendicular to the main shaft 110, preferably, at the first ball plunger 221 and the second ball plunger 222
  • the inner part is fitted with an elastic element such as a spring.
  • the first pawl member 211 and the second pawl member 212 are mounted on the spindle 100 via the countershaft 210, as shown in Fig. 5, and the countershaft 210 is parallel to the spindle. 100, but the central axis thereof does not coincide with the central axis of the main shaft 100, and the first pawl member 211 and the second pawl member 212 are rotatable about the counter shaft 210.
  • First pawl element 211 and second pawl element 212 The structure is similar, and includes a first sector pawl, a second sector pawl, and a fan-shaped intermediate portion therebetween.
  • Figure 6 shows a top view of the first pawl element 211 (i.e., along the major axis) 100 in the direction of the output end 101), as can be seen from Fig. 6, the first pawl element 211 includes a first sector pawl 2111, a second sector pawl 2112, and a sector intermediate portion therebetween 2110.
  • the sector-shaped flank of the first sector-shaped pawl 2111, the sector-shaped surface of the sector-shaped intermediate portion 2110, and the sector-shaped flank of the second sector-shaped pawl 2112 constitute the first pawl member 211 The first surface.
  • the first pawl member 211 also has a second surface, which is a profiled surface, which in the present embodiment includes a recess 2113 having a first side wall 2114 and a second side wall 2115.
  • the first side wall 2114 and the second side wall 2115 both extend in the direction of the main axis 100.
  • the first pawl member 211 has a through hole 2101 that cooperates with the counter shaft 210, and the counter shaft 210 Pass through the via 2101 to mount the first pawl element 211 on the spindle 100 (as shown in Figure 5).
  • the via 2101 is disposed in the first pawl element 211
  • the sector-shaped intermediate portion 2110 is preferably disposed at the center of gravity of the first pawl member 211.
  • the thickness i.e., the length extending along the main axis 100
  • the thickness may be the same as the first pawl member.
  • the thickness is equal to or greater than the thickness of the first pawl member 211.
  • the first surfaces of the first pawl member 211 and the second pawl member 212 are respectively coupled to the first ratchet surface 311 and the second ratchet surface 321
  • the teeth of the sector-shaped pawl (including the first sector pawl and the second sector pawl) of 212 are opposed to the teeth of the second ratchet surface 321 .
  • the surface of the 220 is opposite, in particular, the second surface of the first pawl member 211 is opposite the ball portion of the first ball plunger 221, the second surface of the second pawl member 212 and the second ball plunger 222
  • the ball head portion is opposite.
  • the thin bidirectional ratchet wrench of the present invention is in the first mode of operation; or Ball plunger
  • the ball portion of 221 contacts the second side wall 2115 of the recess 2113 of the first pawl member 211 while the ball portion of the second ball plunger 222 contacts the second pawl member 212.
  • the second side wall of the recess, at which point the thin two-way ratchet wrench of the present invention is in the second mode of operation.
  • the first sector-shaped pawl of the first pawl member 211 The teeth of 2111 are in contact with the teeth of the first ratchet surface 311, and likewise, the teeth of the first sector pawl of the second pawl member 212 are in contact with the teeth of the second ratchet surface 321 .
  • the first ratchet surface 311 is rotated, and the direction of movement of the teeth of the first ratchet surface 311 at the first sector pawl 2111 is directed from the first sector portion 2111 to the second sector portion 2112.
  • the first ratchet surface 311 can drive the first pawl element 211 to rotate with it, that is, the teeth of the first sector pawl 2111 are engaged with the teeth of the first ratchet surface 311, and the first pawl element
  • the rotation of 211 is transmitted to the main shaft 100 through the counter shaft 210, thereby causing the main shaft 100 to rotate; and when the first ratchet surface 311 at the first sector pawl 2111 When the direction of movement of the tooth is from the second sector portion 2112 toward the first sector portion 2111, that is, when the first ratchet surface 311 shown in Fig.
  • the direction of movement of the teeth of the second ratchet surface 321 at the first sector-shaped pawl of the second pawl member 212 is from the second pawl member.
  • the first sector portion of 212 points toward the second sector portion, that is, when the second ratchet surface 321 is rotated clockwise, since the ball working portion of the second ball plunger 222 contacts the second pawl member 212
  • the first side wall of the recess the second ratchet surface 321 can drive the second pawl element 212 to rotate therewith, i.e., the teeth of the first sector pawl of the second pawl element 212 and the second ratchet surface 321
  • the tooth engagement drive, the rotation of the second pawl member 212 is transmitted to the spindle 100 through the countershaft 210, thereby causing the spindle 100 to rotate; and when in the second pawl member 212
  • the thin bidirectional ratchet wrench of the present invention is in the first mode of operation, when the self-working portion 10
  • the input torque is a clockwise moment, which causes the first ratchet surface 311 to rotate clockwise, and the second ratchet surface 321 to rotate counterclockwise, at which time the first pawl element 211 is coupled to the first ratchet surface 311, the second spine Claw element 212 is not coupled to the second ratchet surface 321, whereby the first pawl member 211 causes the spindle 100 to rotate clockwise, and the output torque is a clockwise moment;
  • the input torque is a counterclockwise moment, which causes the first ratchet surface 311 to rotate counterclockwise, and the second ratchet surface 321 to rotate clockwise, at which time the first pawl element 211 and the first ratchet surface 311 Without coupling, the second pawl member 212 is coupled to the second ratchet surface 321, whereby the second pawl member 212 causes the spindle 100
  • the second sector pawl 2112 of the first pawl member 211 The teeth are in contact with the teeth of the first ratchet surface 311, and likewise, the teeth of the second sector pawl of the second pawl member 212 are in contact with the teeth of the second ratchet surface 321 .
  • the direction of movement of the teeth of the second ratchet surface 321 at the second sector-shaped pawl of the second pawl member 212 is from the second pawl member.
  • the first sector portion of 212 points toward the second sector portion, that is, when the second ratchet surface 321 is rotated clockwise, since the ball portion of the second ball plunger 222 contacts the second pawl member 212 The second side wall of the recess, the second ratchet surface 321 cannot rotate the second pawl member 212, i.e., the teeth of the second sector pawl of the second pawl member 212 and the second ratchet surface 321 The teeth do not engage the transmission; and when the teeth of the second ratchet surface 321 at the second sector pawl of the second pawl member 212 move in a direction from the second pawl member 212 When the second sector portion is directed to the first sector portion, that is, when the second ratchet surface 321 is rotated counterclockwise, since the
  • the thin bidirectional ratchet wrench of the present invention is in the second working mode, when the self-working portion 10
  • the input torque is a clockwise moment which causes the first ratchet surface 311 to rotate clockwise, and the second ratchet surface 321 to rotate counterclockwise, at which time the first pawl element 211 and the first ratchet surface 311 Without coupling, the second pawl member 212 is coupled to the second ratchet surface 321, whereby the second pawl member 212 causes the spindle 100 to rotate counterclockwise, and the output torque is a counterclockwise moment;
  • the input torque is a counterclockwise moment, which causes the first ratchet surface 311 to rotate counterclockwise, and the second ratchet surface 321 rotates clockwise, at which time the first pawl element 211 is coupled to the first ratchet surface 311, the second spine Claw element 212 is not coupled to the second ratchet surface 321, whereby the first pawl member 211 rotates the spindle
  • the thin bidirectional ratchet wrench of the present invention can be switched and selected between the first working mode and the second working mode.
  • the first end of the center column 220 is provided with a knob 223, and the center post 220 and the knob 223 are realized by embedding the two ears of the center post 220 (the ear portion 2201 in FIG. 8) in the rotary knob 223. The cooperation between.
  • the center post 220 can be rotated.
  • the knob 223 in this embodiment is provided with two ridges protruding from the surface of the knob 223, such as the ridge 2231. In use, the knob 223 can be rotated by applying a rotational moment to the two ridges including the ridge 2231.
  • the thin bi-directional ratchet wrench of the present invention also includes a stop device that maintains the thin bi-directional ratchet wrench of the present invention in a selected operational mode until the user switches to another mode of operation.
  • the limiting device of the present embodiment includes a spring 224 sleeved on the center post 220, and a marble 400 disposed between the output end 101 and the second end of the center post 220. And a groove in which the marbles 400 are engaged at the second end of the center post 220, specifically the first groove 410 and the second groove 420.
  • First slot 410 and second slot 420 They extend parallel to each other and are separated by a smooth ridge, the direction of the ridge having an inclination angle with the axial direction of the center column.
  • Spring 224 holds center post 220 and main shaft 100 from a second end 2202 of center post 220 The force toward the first end portion 2201, at which time the marble 400 is located on the side of the first groove 410 or the second groove 420 near the second end portion 2202.
  • the spring 224 Compressed, the marble 400 is located on the side of the first slot 410 or the second slot 420 near the first end 2201, and the marble 400 can enter the second slot 420 from the first slot 410. Or entering the first slot 410 from the second slot 420 and resetting the marble 400 to the first slot 410 and the second slot 420 near the second end 2202 side under the force.
  • the first ball plunger 221 and the second ball plunger 222 When the marble 400 is in the first slot 410, the first ball plunger 221 and the second ball plunger 222 The ball working portion maintains its contact with the first side wall of the recess of the first pawl member 211 and the second pawl member 212, i.e., the thin two-way ratchet wrench of the present invention is maintained in the first mode of operation; 400 In the second slot 420, the ball working portions of the first ball plunger 221 and the second ball plunger 222 hold it with the first pawl member 211 and the second pawl member 212. The contact of the second side wall of the recess, i.e., the thin bi-directional ratchet wrench of the present invention, is maintained in the second mode of operation.
  • the knob 223 When the knob 223 is turned, the center post 220 is rotated and the marble 400 is moved from the first slot 410.
  • the thin bidirectional ratchet wrench of the present invention When entering the second slot 420, the thin bidirectional ratchet wrench of the present invention enters the second mode of operation from the first mode of operation; when the knob 223 is rotated, the center post 220 is rotated and the ball 400 is moved from the second slot.
  • the 420 enters the first slot 410 the thin bi-directional ratchet wrench of the present invention enters the first mode of operation from the second mode of operation.
  • the intermediate gear shaft 330 is fixedly coupled to the grip ring 102, and the intermediate gear shaft 330 is opposed to the grip ring 102. Fixed, whereby the intermediate gears 331 , 332 cause the direction of rotation of the driven gear 322 and the drive gear 312 as the working portion 20 rotates relative to the grip ring 102 The direction of rotation is reversed.
  • the user can hold the grip ring by holding the grip ring
  • the mode of 102 positions the intermediate gear shaft 330 such that the intermediate gears 331 and 332 rotate under the driving of the driving gear 312, thereby driving the driven gear 322.
  • the rotation causes the second ratchet surface 321 to rotate in the opposite direction to the first ratchet surface 311.
  • the intermediate gear shaft 330 may be positioned in other manners. The intermediate gears 331 and 332 are operated.
  • the output end 101 of the thin bi-directional ratchet wrench of the present invention The configuration of various fasteners, such as an external angle screw, can be configured by installing different sleeves. At this time, the marble 400 in the limit device of the thin bidirectional ratchet wrench of the present invention can also be used for installation. At output 101 Each sleeve is snapped.
  • the first pawl member 211 is made of a high strength material (e.g., injection powder metallurgy or 45 No. steel, etc., the strength of the material is increased by 30% - 40% compared to the strength of powder metallurgy materials generally used.
  • the thickness of the first pawl element 211 i.e., the length extending along the main axis 100
  • the thickness of the first ratchet surface 311 that is engaged with the first pawl element 211 is the same as the thickness of the first pawl element 211.
  • the thickness of the second pawl member 212 is less than or equal to the first pawl member
  • the thickness of 211 at the same time, the thickness between the front end face 3301 and the rear end face 3302 of the intermediate gear shaft is less than or equal to 8 mm, and the modulus of the intermediate gear is less than or equal to 1 .
  • Drive gear 312 and driven gear The teeth on the 322 engage the teeth of the intermediate gear. Therefore, the thickness of the working portion 10 (i.e., the front surface 103 of the holding ring and the rear surface of the main shaft 100 in the direction in which the main shaft 100 extends) 104 The distance between) is less than or equal to 30mm.
  • This embodiment thins the thickness of each component in the working portion on the basis of achieving the required output torque (ie, along the main axis 100)
  • the length of the extension also greatly reduces the overall thickness of the working portion, that is, it is also easy to use in a narrow space and satisfies the torque required to tighten the fastener.
  • the first pawl member 211 is of injection powder metallurgy and the first pawl member 211 has a thickness of 5 mm.
  • the thickness of the second pawl member 212 is smaller than the thickness of the first pawl member 211
  • the intermediate gear shaft has a thickness of 6 mm
  • the intermediate gear has a modulus of 0.6.
  • Drive gear 312 and driven gear 322 The upper teeth mesh with the teeth of the intermediate gear.
  • the working portion 10 has a thickness of 25 mm.
  • the third and fourth pawl elements may be disposed at positions where the first pawl element and the second pawl element are symmetric with respect to the main axis, such that the spine is thinned.
  • the thickness of the jaw member provides sufficient torque to achieve the purpose of thinning the thickness of the wrench.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Details Of Spanners, Wrenches, And Screw Drivers And Accessories (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)

Abstract

一种薄型双向棘轮扳手，其工作部（10）厚度小于等于30mm，适用于在狭窄空间中工作，实现了两种工作模式并可在两种工作模式间稳定方便地转换。在使用该薄型双向棘轮扳手时，使用者输入的输入力矩为交替的顺时针方向力矩或逆时针方向力矩，而所述薄型双向棘轮扳手的输出端（101）的输出力矩择一地为顺时针方向力矩和逆时针方向力矩。

Description

薄型双向棘轮扳手
技术领域
本发明涉及手动工具，尤其涉及一种薄型双向棘轮扳手。
背景技术
一般螺丝批、力矩扳手之类手动工具的使用中，手在转动方向上的运动有一定的限度，不会是沿着一个方向持续进行的。这类工具中，手柄的转动轴与主轴同轴，使用时一般是这样的：首先，用手朝着某个希望的方向转动手柄（例如拧紧或松开一个螺钉），然后，将手反向旋转，使该工具重新定位以便进入下一循环。在上述循环的第二部分，手的反向旋转可以是放开手柄后再重新握住，也可以是在工具中配有棘齿面机构等单向装置，使手柄反转时主轴不动，还可以是将该工具与螺钉脱离后再插入。但无论如何，手的反向旋转都不会带来紧固件的有效运动，因此成为被浪费的动作。
美国专利 US5931062 公开了一种机械转换器，使得不论手柄是顺时针转动还是逆时针转动，主轴都朝向一个方向转动，从而大大提高了手的运动效率，节约了操作时间。然而，该发明的转换装置只能使主轴朝着一个方向转动，这并不适应主轴在两个方向上转动的需要，例如，作为力矩扳手应用时需要拧紧或松开紧固件，而安装该发明的转换装置的力矩扳手无论是按对常规扳手的拧紧紧固件的操作还是松开紧固件的操作得到的结果都是拧紧紧固件（或者松开紧固件）。如果期望在安装该发明的转换装置的力矩扳手能够实现拧紧紧固件以及松开紧固件的操作，可以考虑的解决方式只能是在该力矩扳手的主轴的两端（即工作部的两端）皆设置输出端，其中一端用于拧紧紧固件的操作，另一端用于松开紧固件的操作。而这样的设计是累赘的，使用时由于需要注意选择适合要求的输出端，也极不方便。
申请人在中国专利申请（ CN201320028403.8 ）中公开了一种双向棘轮扳手，包括换向开关，解决了方便地切换主轴转动方向这一问题。然而扳手拧紧紧固件需要一定的扭矩，因此，为了提供足够的扭矩，该双向棘轮扳手的尺寸需要较厚的部件以达到所需的强度。这就使得这种双向棘轮扳手在使用时需要在主轴轴向上需要较大的空间以握住握持装置。因此这种双向棘轮扳手无法在主轴轴向上空间较小的狭窄空间中得到应用，例如一些狭缝或机械部件的间隙等。
因此，本领域的技术人员致力于开发一种方便在狭窄空间中使用的薄型双向棘轮扳手。
发明内容
有鉴于现有技术的上述缺陷，本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种薄型双向棘轮扳手，实现在狭窄空间中使用及稳定切换主轴转动方向。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了一种薄型双向棘轮扳手，包括工作部以及手柄，所述工作部包括主轴，所述主轴用于输出扭矩且其轴线垂直于所述手柄；主动齿轮、从动齿轮、中间齿轮轴以及中间齿轮，所述主动齿轮、从动齿轮和中间齿轮轴均套设在所述主轴之上，所述中间齿轮轴的轴线与所述主轴的轴线垂直，所述中间齿轮安装在所述中间齿轮轴上，并配合在所述主动齿轮和所述从动齿轮之间传动，其中所述手柄带动所述主动齿轮转动，所述中间齿轮轴外固设有一握持装置，当握持住所述握持装置，转动所述手柄带动所述主动齿轮转动时，所述主动齿轮通过所述中间齿轮带动所述从动齿轮反向旋转；与主动齿轮一起转动的第一棘齿面，以及与从动齿轮一起转动的第二棘齿面； 可带动所述主轴转动的第一棘爪元件和第二棘爪元件；其中所述第一棘爪元件具有选择性地与所述第一棘齿面配合的第一棘爪和第二棘爪，其中所述第一棘爪在第一方向上与所述第一棘齿面发生打滑，在第二方向上则与所述第一棘齿面接合传动，所述第二棘爪在第一方向上与所述第一棘齿面接合传动，在第二方向上则与所述第一棘齿面发生打滑；所述第二棘爪元件具有选择性地与所述第二棘齿面配合的第三棘爪和第四棘爪，其中所述第三棘爪在第一方向上与所述第一棘齿面打滑，在第二方向上则与所述第一棘齿面接合传动，所述第四棘爪在第一方向上与所述第一棘齿面接合传动，在第二方向上则与所述第一棘齿面打滑；换向开关，所述换向开关可将所述第一棘爪元件和所述第二棘爪元件设置在第一状态和第二状态，在所述第一状态下，所述第一棘爪和所述第三棘爪同时分别与所述第一棘齿面和第二棘齿面配合；在所述第二状态下，所述第二棘爪和所述第四棘爪同时分别与所述第一棘齿面和第二棘齿面配合；所述第一方向为顺时针或逆时针方向，所述第二方向为与第一方向相反的方向；所述工作部的厚度小于等于 30mm 。
在进一步的实施例中，第一棘爪元件和 / 或第二棘爪元件采用高强度材料，优选地，采用的材料为注射粉末冶金。
在进一步的实施例中，其中一个棘爪元件的厚度小于等于 6.5mm ，另一棘爪元件的厚度小于等于该棘爪元件的厚度，与棘爪元件接合传动的棘齿面的厚度与棘爪元件的厚度相同，中间齿轮轴的厚度小于等于 8mm ，中间齿轮的模数小于等于 1 ；优选地，第一棘爪元件的厚度为 5mm ，第二棘爪元件的厚度小于第一棘爪元件的厚度，中间齿轮轴的厚度为 6mm ，中间齿轮的模数为 0.6 ，工作部的厚度为 25mm 。
在进一步的实施例中，手柄具有环状头部，第一棘齿面设置在环状头部的内圈上。
在进一步的实施例中，第一棘齿面设置在主动齿轮的内圈上。
在进一步的实施例中，第二棘齿面设置在从动齿轮的内圈上。
在进一步的实施例中，握持装置为握持环。
在进一步的实施例中，第一棘爪元件和 / 或第二棘爪元件为扇形。
在进一步的实施例中，第一棘爪元件和第二棘爪元件安装在副轴之上，副轴的轴线与主轴平行且不与主轴重合，副轴与主轴相联，可带动主轴转动。
在进一步的实施例中，副轴穿设在主轴之中。
在进一步的实施例中，换向开关内设置有弹簧，换向开关包括中心柱、第一球头柱塞和第二球头柱塞，中心柱穿置于主轴内，第一球头柱塞和第二球头柱塞依次固定在中心柱上，第一球头柱塞和第二球头柱塞分别与第一棘爪元件和第二棘爪元件配合。
在进一步的实施例中，第一球头柱塞和第二球头柱塞内设置有弹簧。
本发明的薄型双向棘轮扳手在达到所需输出扭矩的基础上减薄了工作部中各部件的厚度（即沿主轴 100 延伸的长度），因此也极大的减小了工作部整体的厚度，即在狭窄空间中也便于使用，并满足拧紧紧固件所需的扭矩，实现了两种工作模式并可在两种工作模式间稳定方便地转换。
以下将结合附图对本发明的构思、具体结构及产生的技术效果作进一步说明，以充分地了解本发明的目的、特征和效果。
附图说明
图 1 是本发明的较佳实施例的薄型双向棘轮扳手的主视图。
图 2 是图 1 所示的薄型双向棘轮扳手的工作部的截面图。
图 3 显示了本发明的较佳实施例的薄型双向棘轮扳手内的传动装置。
图 4 显示了本发明的较佳实施例的薄型双向棘轮扳手内的换向装置。
图 5 显示了安装了第一棘爪元件和第二棘爪元件的主轴。
图 6 是图 5 中的第一棘爪元件的正视图。
图 7 显示了本发明的较佳实施例的薄型双向棘轮扳手处于第一种工作模式时，第一棘爪元件与第一棘齿面之间的配合。
图 8 显示了用于改变本发明的薄型双向棘轮扳手的工作模式的转钮。
图 9 显示了本发明的薄型双向棘轮扳手内的限位装置。
图 10 是图 9 所示的限位装置的侧视图。
具体实施方式
如图 1 和 2 所示，根据本发明的一个具体实施例的薄型双向棘轮扳手包括手柄 20 和工作部 10 ，手柄 20 纵向延伸并通过其环状的头部 21 （参见图 3 ）套接在工作部 10 之上。工作部 10 内部设有主轴 100 、外部设有握持环 102 。主轴 100 的一端为延伸至工作部 10 和手柄 20 的头部 21 之外的输出端 101 。输出端 101 可以通过安装不同的套筒以配置成适用于操作外角螺丝等各种紧固件的构形。
本发明的薄型双向棘轮扳手包括传动装置和与其联接的换向装置，来自手柄 20 的输入力矩通过传动装置被传送到工作部 10 的主轴 100 ，并通过换向装置选择性地使输出端 101 输出的输出力矩的方向为第一方向或第二方向，其中第一方向与第二方向相反。例如，工作部 10 的输入力矩为顺时针方向力矩或逆时针方向力矩，输出端 101 输出的输出力矩为顺时针方向力矩；或者，工作部 10 的输入力矩为顺时针方向力矩或逆时针方向力矩，输出端 101 输出的输出力矩为逆时针方向力矩。
本发明的薄型双向棘轮扳手的传动装置的结构如图 3 所示，包括第一棘齿面 311 、主动齿轮 312 、第二棘齿面 321 、从动齿轮 322 、中间齿轮轴 330 、中间齿轮 331 及 332 。其中，第一棘齿面 311 和主动齿轮 312 相连且同轴，本实施例中，第一棘齿面 311 固设于手柄 20 的环状的头部 21 的内圈，主动齿轮 312 固定连接于手柄 20 的头部 21 ，这样当手柄 20 转动时，其头部 21 会带动主动齿轮 312 同时转动，在其他实施例中，第一棘齿面 311 也可设置在主动齿轮 312 的内圈；第二棘齿面 321 设置在从动齿轮 322 的内圈。第一棘齿面 311 和第二棘齿面 321 的齿面与主轴 100 的外周面相对；主动齿轮 312 和从动齿轮 322 是面齿轮，主动齿轮 312 和从动齿轮 322 的齿面彼此相对。第一棘齿面 311 、第二棘齿面 321 、主动齿轮 312 和从动齿轮 322 皆同轴且其中心轴线与主轴 100 的中心轴线重合。
中间齿轮轴 330 与握持环 102 固定相连，中间齿轮 331 、 332 安装在中间齿轮轴 330 上，中间齿轮轴 330 与主轴 100 垂直。中间齿轮 331 、 332 配合在主动齿轮 312 和从动齿轮 322 之间，它们的齿分别与主动齿轮 312 和从动齿轮 322 的齿面上的齿接合传动，当握持环 102 固定，亦即中间齿轮轴 330 固定不动时， 主动齿轮 312 转动时会通过中间齿轮 331 、 332 带动从动齿轮 322 与其反向旋转。本实施例中，中间齿轮 331 、 332 皆为锥齿轮。
本发明的薄型双向棘轮扳手的换向装置的结构如图 4 所示，包括由中心柱 220 、第一球头柱塞 221 、第二球头柱塞 222 和弹簧 224 构成的换向开关以及第一棘爪元件 211 和第二棘爪元件 212 。其中，中心柱 220 安装于主轴 100 内，弹簧 224 套设在中心轴上，位于中心柱 220 的第一端部 2201 与主轴 100 之间，第一球头柱塞 221 和第二球头柱塞 222 依次固定在中心柱 220 上，第一球头柱塞 221 和第二球头柱塞 222 的球头部分的活动方向与主轴 110 垂直，优选地，在第一球头柱塞 221 和第二球头柱塞 222 内配合有弹簧等弹性元件。第一棘爪元件 211 和第二棘爪元件 212 通过副轴 210 安装在主轴 100 上，如图 5 所示，副轴 210 平行于主轴 100 但其中心轴线不重合于主轴 100 的中心轴线，第一棘爪元件 211 和第二棘爪元件 212 可以绕副轴 210 转动。
第一棘爪元件 211 和第二棘爪元件 212 的结构相似，皆包括第一扇形棘爪、第二扇形棘爪和两者之间的扇形中间部分。以第一棘爪元件 211 为例，图 6 显示了第一棘爪元件 211 的顶视图（即沿主轴 100 向输出端 101 的方向），从图 6 中可以看出，第一棘爪元件 211 包括第一扇形棘爪 2111 、第二扇形棘爪 2112 和两者之间的扇形中间部分 2110 。第一扇形棘爪 2111 的扇形齿面、扇形中间部分 2110 的扇形面和第二扇形棘爪 2112 的扇形齿面构成了第一棘爪元件 211 的第一表面。第一棘爪元件 211 还具有第二表面，这是一个异形面，在本实施例中，其包括一个凹部 2113 ，凹部 2113 具有第一侧壁 2114 和第二侧壁 2115 。第一侧壁 2114 和第二侧壁 2115 皆主轴 100 的方向延伸。第一棘爪元件 211 中具有与副轴 210 配合的过孔 2101 ，副轴 210 穿过过孔 2101 将第一棘爪元件 211 安装在主轴 100 上（如图 5 所示）。本实施例中，过孔 2101 设置在第一棘爪元件 211 的扇形中间部分 2110 ，较佳地，设置在第一棘爪元件 211 的重心处。第二棘爪元件 212 的结构与第一棘爪元件 211 相似，在此不赘述，在本实施例中其厚度（即沿主轴 100 延伸的长度）小于第一棘爪元件 211 的厚度，但在其他实施例中，其厚度也可与第一棘爪元件 211 的厚度相等，或者大于第一棘爪元件 211 的厚度。
第一棘爪元件 211 和第二棘爪元件 212 的第一表面分别与第一棘齿面 311 和第二棘齿面 321 的齿面相对，具体地，第一棘爪元件 211 的扇形棘爪（包括第一扇形棘爪 2111 和第二扇形棘爪 2112 ）的齿与第一棘齿面 311 的齿相对，第二棘爪元件 212 的扇形棘爪（包括第一扇形棘爪和第二扇形棘爪）的齿与第二棘齿面 321 的齿相对。第一棘爪元件 211 和第二棘爪元件 212 的第二表面分别与中心柱 220 的表面相对，具体地，第一棘爪元件 211 的第二表面与第一球头柱塞 221 的球头部分相对，第二棘爪元件 212 的第二表面和第二球头柱塞 222 的球头部分相对。通过旋转中心柱 220 ，可以使第一球头柱塞 221 的球头部分接触第一棘爪元件 211 的凹部 2113 的第一侧壁 2114 ，同时使第二球头柱塞 222 的球头部分接触第二棘爪元件 212 的凹部的第一侧壁，此时本发明的薄型双向棘轮扳手处于第一种工作模式；或者，使第一球头柱塞 221 的球头部分接触第一棘爪元件 211 的凹部 2113 的第二侧壁 2115 ，同时使第二球头柱塞 222 的球头部分接触第二棘爪元件 212 的凹部的第二侧壁，此时本发明的薄型双向棘轮扳手处于第二种工作模式。
当本发明的薄型双向棘轮扳手处于第一种工作模式时，如图 7 所示，第一棘爪元件 211 的第一扇形棘爪 2111 的齿与第一棘齿面 311 的齿接触，同样，第二棘爪元件 212 的第一扇形棘爪的齿与第二棘齿面 321 的齿接触。当手柄 20 的头部 21 带动第一棘齿面 311 转动，当在第一扇形棘爪 2111 处的第一棘齿面 311 的齿的运动方向为从第一扇形部分 2111 指向第二扇形部分 2112 时，即如图 7 所示的第一棘齿面 311 顺时针转动时，由于第一球头柱塞 221 的球头部分接触的是第一棘爪元件 211 的凹部 2113 的第一侧壁 2114 ，第一棘齿面 311 能带动第一棘爪元件 211 随其一起转动，即第一扇形棘爪 2111 的齿与第一棘齿面 311 的齿接合传动，第一棘爪元件 211 的转动通过副轴 210 传递至主轴 100 ，从而带动主轴 100 转动；而当在第一扇形棘爪 2111 处的第一棘齿面 311 的齿的运动方向为从第二扇形部分 2112 指向第一扇形部分 2111 时，即如图 7 所示的第一棘齿面 311 逆时针转动时，由于第一球头柱塞 221 的球工作部分接触第一棘爪元件 211 的凹部 2113 的第一侧壁 2114 ，第一棘齿面 311 不能带动第一棘爪元件 211 随其一起转动，即第一扇形棘爪 2111 的齿与第一棘齿面 311 的齿不接合传动。
同时，当在第二棘爪元件 212 的第一扇形棘爪处的第二棘齿面 321 的齿的运动方向为从第二棘爪元件 212 的第一扇形部分指向第二扇形部分时，即第二棘齿面 321 顺时针转动时，由于第二球头柱塞 222 的球工作部分接触的是第二棘爪元件 212 的凹部的第一侧壁，第二棘齿面 321 能带动第二棘爪元件 212 随其一起转动，即第二棘爪元件 212 的第一扇形棘爪的齿与第二棘齿面 321 的齿接合传动，第二棘爪元件 212 的转动通过副轴 210 传递至主轴 100 ，从而带动主轴 100 转动；而当在第二棘爪元件 212 的第一扇形棘爪处的第二棘齿面 321 的齿的运动方向为从第二棘爪元件 212 的第二扇形部分指向第一扇形部分时，即第二棘齿面 321 逆时针转动时，由于第二球头柱塞 222 的球工作部分接触第二棘爪元件 212 的凹部的第一侧壁，第二棘齿面 321 不能带动第二棘爪元件 212 随其一起转动，即第二棘爪元件 212 的第一扇形棘爪的齿与第二棘齿面 321 的齿不接合传动。。
由于前述的中间齿轮 331 、 332 和主动齿轮 312 和从动齿轮 322 的传动，当握持环 102 固定不动时，第二棘齿面 321 的转动方向与第一棘齿面 311 相反。由此可知，在本发明的薄型双向棘轮扳手处于第一种工作模式，当自工作部 10 的输入力矩为顺时针力矩，其使第一棘齿面 311 顺时针转动，第二棘齿面 321 逆时针转动，此时第一棘爪元件 211 与第一棘齿面 311 联接，第二棘爪元件 212 与第二棘齿面 321 不联接，由此，第一棘爪元件 211 使主轴 100 顺时针转动，输出力矩为顺时针力矩；当自工作部 10 的输入力矩为逆时针力矩，其使第一棘齿面 311 逆时针转动，第二棘齿面 321 顺时针转动，此时第一棘爪元件 211 与第一棘齿面 311 不联接，第二棘爪元件 212 与第二棘齿面 321 联接，由此，第二棘爪元件 212 使主轴 100 顺时针转动，输出力矩为顺时针力矩。
当本发明的薄型双向棘轮扳手处于第二种工作模式时，第一棘爪元件 211 的第二扇形棘爪 2112 的齿与第一棘齿面 311 的齿接触，同样，第二棘爪元件 212 的第二扇形棘爪的齿与第二棘齿面 321 的齿接触。当来自工作部 10 的输入力矩使第一棘齿面 311 转动，当在第二扇形棘爪 2112 处的第一棘齿面 311 的齿的运动方向为从第一扇形部分 2111 指向第二扇形部分 2112 时，即第一棘齿面 311 顺时针转动时，由于第一球头柱塞 221 的球头部分接触第一棘爪元件 211 的凹部 2113 的第二侧壁 2115 ，第一棘齿面 311 不能带动第一棘爪元件 211 随其一起转动，即第二扇形棘爪 2112 的齿与第一棘齿面 311 的齿不接合传动；而当在第二扇形棘爪 2112 处的第一棘齿面 311 的齿的运动方向为从第二扇形部分 2112 指向第一扇形部分 2111 时，即第一棘齿面 311 逆时针转动时，由于第一球头柱塞 221 的球头部分接触的是第一棘爪元件 211 的凹部 2113 的第二侧壁 2115 ，第一棘齿面 311 能带动第一棘爪元件 211 随其一起转动，即第二扇形棘爪 2112 的齿与第一棘齿面 311 的齿接合传动，第二棘爪元件 212 的转动通过副轴 210 传递至主轴 100 ，从而带动主轴 100 转动。
同时，当在第二棘爪元件 212 的第二扇形棘爪处的第二棘齿面 321 的齿的运动方向为从第二棘爪元件 212 的第一扇形部分指向第二扇形部分时，即第二棘齿面 321 顺时针转动时，由于第二球头柱塞 222 的球头部分接触第二棘爪元件 212 的凹部的第二侧壁，第二棘齿面 321 不能带动第二棘爪元件 212 随其一起转动，即第二棘爪元件 212 的第二扇形棘爪的齿与第二棘齿面 321 的齿不接合传动；而当在第二棘爪元件 212 的第二扇形棘爪处的第二棘齿面 321 的齿的运动方向为从第二棘爪元件 212 的第二扇形部分指向第一扇形部分时，即第二棘齿面 321 逆时针转动时，由于第二球头柱塞 222 的球工作部分接触的是第二棘爪元件 212 的凹部的第二侧壁，第二棘齿面 321 能带动第二棘爪元件 212 随其一起转动，即第二棘爪元件 212 的第二扇形棘爪的齿与第二棘齿面 321 的齿接合传动，第二棘爪元件 212 的转动通过副轴 210 传递至主轴 100 ，从而带动主轴 100 转动。
由于前述的中间齿轮 331 、 332 和主动齿轮 312 和从动齿轮 322 的传动，当握持环 102 固定不动时，第二棘齿面 321 的转动方向与第一棘齿面 311 相反。由此可知，在本发明的薄型双向棘轮扳手处于第二种工作模式，当自工作部 10 的输入力矩为顺时针力矩，其使第一棘齿面 311 顺时针转动，第二棘齿面 321 逆时针转动，此时第一棘爪元件 211 与第一棘齿面 311 不联接，第二棘爪元件 212 与第二棘齿面 321 联接，由此，第二棘爪元件 212 使主轴 100 逆时针转动，输出力矩为逆时针力矩；当自工作部 10 的输入力矩为逆时针力矩，其使第一棘齿面 311 逆时针转动，第二棘齿面 321 顺时针转动，此时第一棘爪元件 211 与第一棘齿面 311 联接，第二棘爪元件 212 与第二棘齿面 321 不联接，由此，第一棘爪元件 211 使主轴 100 逆时针转动，输出力矩为逆时针力矩。
如前所述地，通过旋转中心柱 220 ，可以使本发明的薄型双向棘轮扳手第一种工作模式和第二种工作模式之间切换、选择。为了使用方便，在本实施例中，如图 8 所示，在中心柱 220 的第一端部设置了转钮 223 ，通过使中心柱 220 的两个耳部（如图 8 中的耳部 2201 ）嵌入转钮 223 实现中心柱 220 与转钮 223 之间的配合。这样，通过转动转钮 223 ，可以使中心柱 220 旋转。本实施例中的转钮 223 上设置有两条凸出于转钮 223 的表面的脊部，如脊部 2231 ，使用时可以通过对包括脊部 2231 的两条脊部施加旋转力矩以转动转钮 223 。
本发明的薄型双向棘轮扳手还包括限位装置，其使本发明的薄型双向棘轮扳手保持在选定的工作模式直到使用者切换到其他的工作模式。如图 9 和 10 所示，本实施例中的限位装置包括一个套设在中心柱 220 上的弹簧 224 、一个设置在输出端 101 和中心柱 220 的第二端部之间的弹珠 400 ，以及在中心柱 220 的第二端部的弹珠 400 配合的槽，具体地为第一槽 410 和第二槽 420 。第一槽 410 和第二槽 420 彼此平行延伸且两者之间由光滑的脊隔开，脊的方向与中心柱轴向方向有一倾角。
弹簧 224 使中心柱 220 与主轴 100 保持一个从中心柱 220 的第二端部 2202 朝向第一端部 2201 的力，此时弹珠 400 位于第一槽 410 或第二槽 420 靠近第二端部 2202 一侧。当转动转钮 223 时，弹簧 224 被压缩，弹珠 400 位于第一槽 410 或第二槽 420 靠近第一端部 2201 一侧，此时弹珠 400 可以从第一槽 410 进入第二槽 420 或从第二槽 420 进入第一槽 410 ，并在力的作用下使弹珠 400 复位至第一槽 410 和第二槽 420 靠近第二端部 2202 一侧。
当弹珠 400 在第一槽 410 内时，第一球头柱塞 221 和第二球头柱塞 222 的球工作部分保持其与第一棘爪元件 211 和第二棘爪元件 212 的凹部的第一侧壁的接触，即本发明的薄型双向棘轮扳手被保持在第一种工作模式；当弹珠 400 在第二槽 420 内时，第一球头柱塞 221 和第二球头柱塞 222 的球工作部分保持其与第一棘爪元件 211 和第二棘爪元件 212 的凹部的第二侧壁的接触，即本发明的薄型双向棘轮扳手被保持在第二种工作模式。当转动转钮 223 ，使中心柱 220 旋转，并使弹珠 400 从第一槽 410 进入第二槽 420 时，本发明的薄型双向棘轮扳手从第一种工作模式进入第二种工作模式；当转动转钮 223 ，使中心柱 220 旋转，并使弹珠 400 从第二槽 420 进入第一槽 410 时，本发明的薄型双向棘轮扳手从第二种工作模式进入第一种工作模式。
本实施例中，中间齿轮轴 330 与握持环 102 固定连接，中间齿轮轴 330 相对于握持环 102 固定，由此当工作部 20 相对于握持环 102 转动时，中间齿轮 331 、 332 使从动齿轮 322 的转动方向与主动齿轮 312 的转动方向相反。在使用中，为了使中间齿轮 331 、 332 工作，以保证第二棘齿面 321 的转动方向与第一棘齿面 311 相反，使用者可以通过握持握持环 102 的方式使中间齿轮轴 330 定位，从而中间齿轮 331 、 332 在主动齿轮 312 的带动下发生旋转，进而带动从动齿轮 322 旋转，从而使第二棘齿面 321 与第一棘齿面 311 反向地旋转。需要说明的是，在本发明的其他实施例中，也可以采取其他的方式定位中间齿轮轴 330 ，而使中间齿轮 331 、 332 工作。
另外，如前所述地，本发明的薄型双向棘轮扳手的输出端 101 可以通过安装不同的套筒以配置成适用于操作外角螺丝等各种紧固件的构形，此时，本发明的薄型双向棘轮扳手的限位装置中的弹珠 400 还可以用于对安装于输出端 101 的各个套筒进行卡位。
在本实施例中，第一棘爪元件 211 采用高强度材料（如注射粉末冶金或 45 号钢等），其材料的强度相比一般使用的粉末冶金材料强度提高了 30% - 40% 。第一棘爪元件 211 的厚度（即沿主轴 100 延伸的长度）小于等于 6.5mm ，与第一棘爪元件 211 接合传动的第一棘齿面 311 的厚度与第一棘爪元件 211 的厚度相同。第二棘爪元件 212 的厚度小于等于第一棘爪元件 211 的厚度，同时，中间齿轮轴的前端面 3301 与后端面 3302 间的厚度小于等于 8mm ，中间齿轮的模数小于等于 1 。主动齿轮 312 和从动齿轮 322 上的齿与中间齿轮的齿接合传动。因此，工作部 10 的厚度（即沿主轴 100 延伸方向上握持环的前表面 103 与主轴 100 的后表面 104 间的距离）小于等于 30mm 。
本实施例在达到所需输出扭矩的基础上减薄了工作部中各部件的厚度（即沿主轴 100 延伸的长度），因此也极大的减小了工作部整体的厚度，即在狭窄空间中也便于使用，并满足拧紧紧固件所需的扭矩。
在另一实施例中，第一棘爪元件 211 采用注射粉末冶金，第一棘爪元件 211 的厚度为 5mm ，第二棘爪元件 212 的厚度小于第一棘爪元件 211 的厚度，中间齿轮轴厚度为 6mm ，中间齿轮的模数为 0.6 。主动齿轮 312 和从动齿轮 322 上的齿与中间齿轮的齿接合传动。工作部 10 的厚度为 25mm 。
在其他的实施例中，也可以不采用高强度材料，而是通过在第一棘爪元件和第二棘爪元件相对主轴对称的位置设置第三和第四棘爪元件，使得在减薄棘爪元件的厚度时可以提供足够的扭矩，从而达到减薄扳手厚度的目的。
以上详细描述了本发明的较佳具体实施例。应当理解，本领域的普通技术无需创造性劳动就可以根据本发明的构思作出诸多修改和变化。因此，凡本技术领域中技术人员依本发明的构思在现有技术的基础上通过逻辑分析、推理或者有限的实验可以得到的技术方案，皆应在由权利要求书所确定的保护范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种薄型双向棘轮扳手，包括工作部以及手柄，其特征在于，所述工作部包括
    主轴，所述主轴用于输出扭矩且其轴线垂直于所述手柄；
    主动齿轮、从动齿轮、中间齿轮轴以及中间齿轮，所述主动齿轮、从动齿轮和中间齿轮轴均套设在所述主轴之上，所述中间齿轮轴的轴线与所述主轴的轴线垂直，所述中间齿轮安装在所述中间齿轮轴上，并配合在所述主动齿轮和所述从动齿轮之间传动，其中
    所述手柄带动所述主动齿轮转动，所述中间齿轮轴外固设有一握持装置，当握持住所述握持装置，转动所述手柄带动所述主动齿轮转动时，所述主动齿轮通过所述中间齿轮带动所述从动齿轮反向旋转；
    与主动齿轮一起转动的第一棘齿面，以及与从动齿轮一起转动的第二棘齿面；
    可带动所述主轴转动的第一棘爪元件和第二棘爪元件；其中
    所述第一棘爪元件具有选择性地与所述第一棘齿面配合的第一棘爪和第二棘爪，其中所述第一棘爪在第一方向上与所述第一棘齿面发生打滑，在第二方向上则与所述第一棘齿面接合传动，所述第二棘爪在第一方向上与所述第一棘齿面接合传动，在第二方向上则与所述第一棘齿面发生打滑；
    所述第二棘爪元件具有选择性地与所述第二棘齿面配合的第三棘爪和第四棘爪，其中所述第三棘爪在第一方向上与所述第一棘齿面打滑，在第二方向上则与所述第一棘齿面接合传动，所述第四棘爪在第一方向上与所述第一棘齿面接合传动，在第二方向上则与所述第一棘齿面打滑；
    换向开关，所述换向开关可将所述第一棘爪元件和所述第二棘爪元件设置在第一状态和第二状态，在所述第一状态下，所述第一棘爪和所述第三棘爪同时分别与所述第一棘齿面和第二棘齿面配合；在所述第二状态下，所述第二棘爪和所述第四棘爪同时分别与所述第一棘齿面和第二棘齿面配合；
    所述第一方向为顺时针或逆时针方向，所述第二方向为与第一方向相反的方向；
    所述工作部的厚度小于等于30mm。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的薄型双向棘轮扳手，其中，所述第一棘爪元件的厚度小于等于6.5mm，所述第二棘爪元件的厚度小于等于所述第一棘爪元件的厚度。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的薄型双向棘轮扳手，其中，所述第二棘爪元件的厚度小于等于6.5mm，所述第一棘爪元件的厚度小于等于所述第二棘爪元件的厚度。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的薄型双向棘轮扳手，其中，所述中间齿轮轴的厚度小于8mm，所述中间齿轮的模数小于等于1。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的薄型双向棘轮扳手，其中，所述第一棘爪元件的材料为注射粉末冶金。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的薄型双向棘轮扳手，其中，所述第一棘爪元件的厚度为5mm，所述第二棘爪元件的厚度小于第一棘爪元件的厚度，所述中间齿轮轴的厚度为6mm，所述中间齿轮的模数为0.6，所述工作部的厚度为25mm。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的薄型双向棘轮扳手，其中，所述第一棘爪元件和第二棘爪元件安装在副轴之上，所述副轴的轴线与所述主轴平行且不与所述主轴重合，所述副轴与所述主轴相联，可带动所述主轴转动。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的薄型双向棘轮扳手，其中，所述副轴穿设在所述主轴之中。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的薄型双向棘轮扳手，其中，所述换向开关包括中心柱、弹簧、第一球头柱塞和第二球头柱塞，所述中心柱穿置于所述主轴内，所述弹簧套设在所述中心柱上，所述第一球头柱塞和所述第二球头柱塞依次固定在所述中心柱上，所述第一球头柱塞和所述第二球头柱塞分别与所述第一棘爪元件和第二棘爪元件配合。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的薄型双向棘轮扳手，其中，所述第一球头柱塞和所述第二球头柱塞内设置有弹簧。
PCT/CN2014/080303 2013-01-18 2014-06-19 薄型双向棘轮扳手 WO2015192354A1 (zh)

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PCT/CN2014/080303 WO2015192354A1 (zh) 2014-06-19 2014-06-19 薄型双向棘轮扳手
EP14895008.2A EP3159110A4 (en) 2014-06-19 2014-06-19 Thin two-way ratchet wrench
CA2952889A CA2952889C (en) 2014-06-19 2014-06-19 Thin bidirection ratchet wrench
US14/320,002 US9643297B2 (en) 2013-01-18 2014-06-30 Bi-directional wrench
US14/320,056 US9643298B2 (en) 2013-01-18 2014-06-30 Thin bi-directional ratchet wrench

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PCT/CN2014/080303 WO2015192354A1 (zh) 2014-06-19 2014-06-19 薄型双向棘轮扳手

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PCT/CN2013/070641 Continuation-In-Part WO2014110776A1 (zh) 2013-01-18 2013-01-18 双向扳手

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US6044731A (en) * 1999-03-25 2000-04-04 Hsieh; Chih-Ching Double-reversible ratchet wrench
CN201147913Y (zh) * 2007-08-23 2008-11-12 齐建忠 旋转式双向棘轮竖柄扳手
CN201211654Y (zh) * 2008-07-02 2009-03-25 吴天国 低噪音带润滑的双向棘轮两用扳手
US20100275737A1 (en) * 2009-05-01 2010-11-04 Lin Chien-Yueh Bi-directional ratchet wrench
CN203045591U (zh) * 2013-01-18 2013-07-10 杭州巨星工具有限公司 双向扳手
CN203245777U (zh) * 2013-04-03 2013-10-23 杭州巨星工具有限公司 扳手

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CA1160078A (en) * 1980-11-19 1984-01-10 James W. Konecny Ratchet wrench of the socket drive type with socket ejector
US5603393A (en) * 1993-10-12 1997-02-18 Snap-On Technologies, Inc. Ratchet head assembly and reversing knob therefor
JP3001811B2 (ja) * 1996-07-09 2000-01-24 ハンド トゥール デザイン コーポレイション 高いトルクを持つラチェットレンチの改良構造
US7966912B1 (en) * 2010-03-30 2011-06-28 Black & Decker Inc. Ratcheting wrench

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6044731A (en) * 1999-03-25 2000-04-04 Hsieh; Chih-Ching Double-reversible ratchet wrench
CN201147913Y (zh) * 2007-08-23 2008-11-12 齐建忠 旋转式双向棘轮竖柄扳手
CN201211654Y (zh) * 2008-07-02 2009-03-25 吴天国 低噪音带润滑的双向棘轮两用扳手
US20100275737A1 (en) * 2009-05-01 2010-11-04 Lin Chien-Yueh Bi-directional ratchet wrench
CN203045591U (zh) * 2013-01-18 2013-07-10 杭州巨星工具有限公司 双向扳手
CN203245777U (zh) * 2013-04-03 2013-10-23 杭州巨星工具有限公司 扳手

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EP3159110A1 (en) 2017-04-26
CA2952889C (en) 2021-03-30
EP3159110A4 (en) 2018-03-07

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