WO2015188695A1 - 地下核电站组合洞室群沿山体纵深方向的施工布置 - Google Patents

地下核电站组合洞室群沿山体纵深方向的施工布置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015188695A1
WO2015188695A1 PCT/CN2015/079885 CN2015079885W WO2015188695A1 WO 2015188695 A1 WO2015188695 A1 WO 2015188695A1 CN 2015079885 W CN2015079885 W CN 2015079885W WO 2015188695 A1 WO2015188695 A1 WO 2015188695A1
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Prior art keywords
hole
cavern
combined
main
nuclear
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PCT/CN2015/079885
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
苏利军
刘百兴
刘立新
杨学红
李锋
华夏
朱学贤
韩前龙
潘霄
Original Assignee
长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司
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Priority claimed from CN201410264204.6A external-priority patent/CN104060858B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201420316771.7U external-priority patent/CN203961364U/zh
Application filed by 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 filed Critical 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司
Priority to RU2017100928A priority Critical patent/RU2649193C1/ru
Priority to JP2017517168A priority patent/JP6280291B2/ja
Publication of WO2015188695A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015188695A1/zh
Priority to US15/376,634 priority patent/US10094217B2/en

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D13/00—Large underground chambers; Methods or apparatus for making them
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/045—Underground structures, e.g. tunnels or galleries, built in the open air or by methods involving disturbance of the ground surface all along the location line; Methods of making them
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H5/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for industrial or agricultural purposes
    • E04H5/02—Buildings or groups of buildings for industrial purposes, e.g. for power-plants or factories
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/14—Layout of tunnels or galleries; Constructional features of tunnels or galleries, not otherwise provided for, e.g. portals, day-light attenuation at tunnel openings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21D—NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
    • G21D1/00—Details of nuclear power plant
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C1/00—Reactor types
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of nuclear power engineering, in particular to a construction arrangement of a combined nuclear cavern group of an underground nuclear power plant along the depth direction of the mountain body.
  • the underground powerhouse cavern group of the hydropower station is relatively common.
  • the engineering scale of the underground nuclear power plant cavern group is basically the same as that of the hydropower underground powerhouse cavern group.
  • there are fewer permanent passages available the local hollowing rate of the mountain is high, and the nuclear power engineering requires a high degree of modularity, so the layout of the construction support hole is more restricted.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the above background art, and to provide a construction arrangement of a combined nuclear cavern group of an underground nuclear power plant along the depth direction of the mountain, which has the characteristics of short mileage, good safety, convenient construction, low investment and high modularity. .
  • the invention provides an underground nuclear power plant combined cavern group construction arrangement along the depth direction of the mountain body, comprising two nuclear reactor building caverns whose central axis line is perpendicular to the depth direction of the mountain body, and each side of the nuclear reactor building cavern is provided along the mountain body.
  • each of the nuclear reactor building chambers are respectively arranged on the two sides of the mountain body in the depth direction of the mountain body, respectively, and the electrical house caverns and the pressure relief caverns are arranged, and each electrical house cavity is arranged perpendicular to the depth direction of the mountain body, two The outer side of the combined cavern is respectively provided with a first main traffic hole and a third main traffic hole arranged along the depth direction of the mountain body, and a second main traffic hole arranged along the depth direction of the mountain body is arranged between the two combined caverns, the first a main traffic hole, a second main traffic hole and The third main traffic hole is connected to the surface at one end, and the nuclear reactor building cavern, the combined cavern, the electric house cavern and the pressure relief cavern constitute a nuclear island building cavern group, and the nuclear island building cavern group each cavern
  • the top arch arch or the top arch end wall communicates with the surface through a top hole system for
  • the top burrow system includes a first main burrow, a top nuclear cavity of the first nuclear reactor building, a top nuclear cavity of the second nuclear reactor building, a second main burrow, and a third main burrow a top branch hole at the end of the first combined cavity, a top support hole of the electrical plant, a top support hole in the middle of the combined cavity, a top support hole of the first pressure relief hole, and a top support hole of the second pressure relief hole, the first main branch
  • the hole, the second main branch hole and the third main branch hole are arranged along the depth direction of the mountain body and are all connected to the surface, and the elevation of the first main branch hole is higher than the elevation of the second main branch hole and the third main branch hole
  • the first main branch hole is connected to the top arch of the first nuclear reactor building cavern and the top nuclear cavity of the second nuclear reactor building, respectively, and the top arch of the two nuclear reactor building chambers, the second main branch hole And one end of the third main branch hole is respectively connected with the top arch end wall of one end
  • the top arch end wall of one end of the electrical building chamber is connected, and the middle section of the second main branch hole is connected to the top arch of the middle section of one of the combined holes through a top hole of the middle portion of the combined cavity, the third main branch
  • the middle section of the hole is connected to the top arch of the middle section of the other combined cavity through another top hole of the combined cavity, and the middle section and the end of the third main branch are respectively provided with a top relief hole of the first pressure relief hole
  • the top hole of the second pressure relief hole is connected to the top arch of the corresponding pressure relief hole.
  • the longitudinal slope of each of the top support holes in the top layer cavity system is less than 12%.
  • the bottom burrow system includes a bottom hole of a nuclear reactor building cavern, a bottom hole of the first combined cavity end, a bottom hole of the electrical building, a bottom hole of the second combined cavity, and unloading Pressing the bottom hole of the hole, the second main traffic hole is connected to the bottom of the side wall of a nuclear reactor building and the bottom of a pressure relief hole through a bottom wall of a nuclear reactor building and a bottom hole of a pressure relief hole respectively.
  • the third main traffic hole is connected to the bottom of the side wall of the other nuclear reactor building and the bottom of the other pressure relief hole through the bottom hole of the other nuclear reactor building and the bottom of the other pressure relief hole.
  • the first main traffic hole is connected to the bottom end wall of one combined cavity through a bottom hole of the first combined cavity end, and the second main traffic hole passes through the bottom bottom of the other first combined cavity end.
  • the hole is connected to the bottom of one end wall of another combined cavity, and the bottom of each first combined cavity end
  • the branch hole is connected to the bottom of the corresponding electric building chamber end wall through the bottom hole of the connected electric building, and the other end of the second main traffic hole passes through a second combined hole end bottom hole and a combined cavity
  • the other end of the wall is connected to the bottom of the wall, and the other end of the third main traffic hole is connected to the bottom of the other side wall of the other combined cavity through the bottom bottom hole of the other second combined cavity.
  • the longitudinal slope of each of the bottom support holes in the bottom support cavity system is less than 12%.
  • each of the combined caverns includes a first safety building cavern, a nuclear fuel plant cavern, a second safety planting cavern, and a nuclear auxiliary building cavern, which are longitudinally connected in sequence, and the first combined cavern
  • the bottom bottom support hole is connected to the bottom of the first safety building chamber end wall, and the bottom part of the second combined hole end is connected to the bottom of the nuclear auxiliary building cave wall;
  • the second main branch and the third One end of the main branch hole is respectively connected with the top arch of the outdoor end face of the corresponding nuclear auxiliary building, and the top branch hole of the first combined hole end is connected with the top arch of the outdoor end face of the first safe building.
  • the top hole of the middle section of the combined cavern is connected to the top arch of the second safe building cavern.
  • each nuclear reactor building chamber and its corresponding electrical building chamber are connected by a main steam passage connected to the surface, and the two nuclear reactor building chambers are provided with corresponding equipment passages communicating with the surface.
  • the construction arrangement of the underground nuclear power plant combination cavern group along the depth direction of the mountain body has the following beneficial effects: the invention fully utilizes the main traffic hole of ⁇ 0 m elevation to set the bottom support hole of each factory cavern as the slag discharge channel, and from the mountain outside
  • a top-level branch hole leading to each factory cavern is used as a construction passage, and each building cavern can be constructed by the slipway method with a minimum of construction passages (the so-called slip method is to vertically set a slag well between the upper and lower passages of the excavation area).
  • the upper channel acts as a construction channel, and the dross generated during the construction passes through the slag well into the lower channel and is transported out of the construction site).
  • each building cavern has only two layers of top and bottom layers.
  • the top burrow system leads to the top arch of each plant.
  • the bottom burrow system leads to the bottom of each factory wall. Since the bottom elevation of the pressure relief chamber is different from the elevation of the main traffic tunnel by 20m, it is difficult to arrange the bottom branch hole of the suitable longitudinal slope. Therefore, the bottom hole of the pressure relief tunnel is first horizontally connected to the central axis of the pressure relief tunnel, and then under construction. In the process, the slag shaft is connected to the bottom of the pressure relief chamber.
  • the bottom hole is led by the main traffic hole.
  • the combined cavern, the electrical building cavern and the pressure relief cavern connected by the nuclear auxiliary workshop cavern, the second safe workshop cavern, the nuclear fuel plant cavern and the first safe workshop cavern, the top layer of the top layer is provided It is taken out by the second main branch hole, the third main branch hole and the fourth main branch hole.
  • the top arch of the nuclear reactor building chamber is the highest, and the construction on the façade and the plane cannot be shared with other caverns. Therefore, the first main branch hole is set separately, and then the top hole of the two nuclear reactor building chambers is led to the elevation of the arch of the two nuclear reactor buildings.
  • the invention has the least construction channel set by the slip method, and has the advantages of short mileage, good safety, convenient construction, low investment and high modularity, and meets the overall requirements of the construction.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view showing a structure related to a bottom support hole system in a construction arrangement of an underground nuclear power plant combined cavern group along a depth direction of a mountain;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a combined cavern, an electrical building cavern and a pressure relief cavity and a related top layer supporting hole system in the construction arrangement of the underground nuclear power plant combined cavern group along the depth direction of the mountain;
  • Fig. 3 is a structural schematic view of a nuclear reactor building cavern and its associated top-layer cavity system in the construction arrangement of the underground nuclear power plant combined cavern group along the depth direction of the mountain.
  • the construction arrangement of the underground nuclear power plant combined cavern group along the depth direction of the mountain body includes a nuclear reactor building cavern 1, a combined cavern, an electrical building cavern 2, a pressure relief cavern 7, and a first main traffic.
  • the nuclear reactor building chamber 1 is two, and the central axis connecting lines of the two nuclear reactor building chambers 1 are perpendicular to the depth direction of the mountain body.
  • Each nuclear reactor building chamber 1 has a combined cavern arranged along the depth direction of the mountain.
  • Each nuclear reactor building chamber 1 is perpendicular to the depth direction of the mountain body, and is provided with an electrical building chamber 2 and a pressure relief chamber 7 respectively.
  • Each electric house cavern 2 is arranged perpendicular to the depth direction of the mountain body, and the outer side of the two combined caverns respectively has a first main traffic hole 8 and a third main traffic hole 10 arranged along the depth direction of the mountain body, and two combined caverns There is a second main traffic hole 9 disposed along the depth direction of the mountain body, and the first main traffic hole 8, the second main traffic hole 9 and the third main traffic hole 10 are both connected to the ground surface, and the nuclear reactor building hole
  • the chamber 1, the combined cavern, the electrical building cavern 2 and the pressure relief cavern 7 constitute a nuclear island building cavern group, and the arch arches or end walls of the caverns of the nuclear island building cavern group are used for construction.
  • the layer-supporting hole system is in communication with the surface, and the side wall or the end wall wall of each cavern of the nuclear island building cavern group passes through the bottom supporting hole system as the first slag channel and the first main traffic hole 8, and the second main traffic hole 9 is connected to the third main traffic hole 10.
  • Each of the combined cavities includes a first safe house cavity 3, a nuclear fuel plant cavern 4, a second safe house cavity 5, and a nuclear auxiliary plant cavity 6 that are longitudinally connected in sequence.
  • the top burrow system includes a first main branch hole 41, a first nuclear reactor building cavern top floor hole 42, a second nuclear reactor building cavern top floor branch hole 43, a second main branch hole 31, and a third main branch hole 32, a first combination cavity end top support hole 33, an electrical plant top support hole 34, a combined cavity middle top support hole 35, a first pressure relief hole top support hole 36 and a second pressure relief hole top support hole 37,
  • the first main branch hole 41, the second main branch hole 31 and the third main branch hole 32 are arranged along the depth direction of the mountain body and are all connected to the surface, and the elevation of the first main branch hole 41 is higher than that of the second main branch hole 31.
  • the first main branch hole 41 passes through the first nuclear reactor building cavity top hole 42 and the second nuclear reactor building cavity top hole 43 respectively and two nuclear reactor building caverns 1
  • the top arches are connected to each other, and one ends of the second main support holes 31 and the third main support holes 32 are respectively connected to the top arch end walls of the outer end faces of the corresponding nuclear auxiliary building chambers 6, the second main support holes
  • the middle section of 31 passes through a first combined cavity end top hole 33 and a first safety building cave 3 outer end of the top arch
  • the end walls are connected, and the middle portion of the third main branch hole 32 is connected to the top arch end wall of the outer end surface of the other first safety building chamber 3 through another first combined cavity end top hole 33, each first
  • the middle section of the top hole 33 of the combined cavity end is connected to the top arch end wall of one end of the electrical house cavity 2 through an electric plant top hole 34, and the middle section of the second main branch 31 passes through a middle section of the combined cavity middle section
  • the branch hole 35 is connected to the top
  • the bottom burrow system includes a bottom reactor hole 21 of a nuclear reactor building, a bottom hole 22 at the end of the first combined cavity, a bottom branch 23 of the electrical building, a bottom branch 24 of the second combined cavity, and a pressure relief hole.
  • the bottom branch hole 25, the second main traffic hole 9 passes through a nuclear reactor building cavern bottom hole 21 and a pressure relief hole bottom hole 25 respectively, and a nuclear reactor building cavern 1 wall bottom and a pressure relief cavern
  • the bottom of the seventh main traffic hole 10 passes through the bottom wall of another nuclear reactor building, the bottom hole 21 and the other bottom of the pressure relief hole 25, respectively, and the bottom of the side wall of the other nuclear reactor building, and another
  • the bottom of the pressure relief chamber 7 is connected, and the first main traffic hole 8 is connected to the bottom of the wall of a first safety building chamber 3 through a bottom wall 22 of the first combined chamber end.
  • the second main traffic hole 9 is connected to the bottom of the wall of the first safety building chamber 3 through the bottom hole 22 of the other first combined cavity, and the bottom hole 22 of each of the first combined cavity ends. Connected to the bottom of the wall of the corresponding electrical building chamber 2 through the bottom branch hole 23 of the connected electrical building, the other end of the second main traffic hole 9 passes through a second combined cavity end bottom hole 24 and a core
  • the auxiliary building chamber 6 is connected to the bottom of the wall, and the other end of the third main traffic hole 10 is connected to the bottom of the wall of another nuclear auxiliary building chamber 6 through another second combined hole end bottom supporting hole 24. .
  • the longitudinal slope of each bottom hole in the bottom burrow system is less than 12% to meet the requirements of trackless transportation.
  • Each of the nuclear reactor building chambers 1 and its corresponding electrical building chamber 2 are connected by a main steam passage 11 connected to the surface, and the two nuclear reactor building chambers 1 are provided with corresponding device passages 12 communicating with the surface. Both the main steam passage 11 and the equipment passage 12 can serve as construction passages.
  • the underground nuclear power plant of the present embodiment adopts a double-stack CUP600 arrangement, and uses the chute method to organize the underground house excavation, that is, excavation from the upper working surface, and the slag is organized from the bottom working surface by the slag slag.
  • the construction can meet the construction requirements with the least construction channel. Therefore, the caverns of the invention need only be provided with two layers of the top and bottom layers: the bottom branch can make full use of the existing permanent passages.
  • the second main traffic hole 9 and the third main traffic hole are arranged in 10 minutes; the top support hole can be arranged through the first main branch hole 41, the second main branch hole 31 and the third main branch hole 32, which is advantageous for Reduce the amount of construction work for the hole.
  • the bottom support system and the top support system are properly spaced from the surrounding caverns to ensure stable and safe caverns.
  • the excavation has fewer branch holes, shorter mileage, less investment, and fewer holes, shorter mileage and appropriate spacing. The safety of the whole project will be better. Because the double-cluster CUP600 underground nuclear power plant is equipped with the nuclear island plant cavern group has been done.
  • the design and construction of the structure of the present invention can be modularized. The specific implementation is as follows:
  • the first main traffic hole 8, the second main traffic hole 9 and the third main traffic hole 10 as the permanent passages, and the main steam passage 11 which can be used as the passage are all arranged at an elevation of ⁇ 0 m, and the bottom elevation of each of the building chambers is There is a large difference: for example, the bottom elevation of the nuclear reactor building cavern 1 is -9.0m, the bottom elevation of the combined cavern is -12.5m, and the bottom elevation of the electrical building cavern 2 is -12.5m. It is +20.0m, so the first main traffic hole 8, the second main traffic hole 9 and the third main traffic hole 10 as the permanent channel, and the main steam channel 11 which can be used as the channel cannot be directly utilized on the plane and the façade. .
  • the cost of the tunnel project is not to set up the main hole at the bottom, but to make full use of the permanent passage.
  • the first main traffic hole 8, the second main traffic hole 9 and the third main traffic hole are 10 minutes, and the bottom hole 21 is arranged. 22, 23, 24 and 25 lead to the bottom elevation of each chamber.
  • the bottom elevation of the pressure relief chamber 7 and the elevation of the main traffic tunnel are up to 20 m, it is difficult to arrange the bottom branch hole of the suitable longitudinal slope, so the bottom hole 25 of the pressure relief hole is first horizontally passed to the central axis of the pressure relief chamber 7 At the same time, the slag shaft is connected to the bottom of the pressure relief chamber 7 during the construction process.
  • the longitudinal slopes of the above-mentioned bottom holes are less than 12%, which meets the requirements of trackless transportation.
  • the top elevation of the nuclear reactor building cavern is +78.0m
  • the top elevation of the combined cavern is +57.85m
  • the top elevation of the electrical building cavern is +46.8m
  • the top elevation of the pressure chamber is +62.0m, so the first main traffic hole 8, the second main traffic hole 9 and the third main traffic hole 10 of the permanent passage cannot be used on both the plane and the façade, and the elevation of the equipment passage 12 is +20.0m
  • the height difference with each cavern is too large, so it is necessary to set up a top hole to the top arch or top arch end wall of each factory.
  • the construction channel can not be shared with other caverns on the façade and the plane. Therefore, the first main branch hole 41 is separately provided, and the top nuclear support hole of the first nuclear reactor building cavern is extracted. And the top nuclear support hole 43 of the second nuclear reactor building is respectively connected to the top arch arch of the corresponding nuclear reactor building cavern 1 with an elevation of +65.0 m.
  • the combination cavern, the electric house cavern 2, the pressure relief cavern 7 have different top elevations, but the height difference on the façade is small.
  • the three types of caverns share the second main branch hole 31 and the third main branch hole 32.
  • the first combined cavity end top hole 33, the electric plant top hole 34, the combined hole middle top hole 35, the first pressure relief top hole 36 and the second are respectively divided by two main holes
  • the top hole 37 of the pressure relief hole is connected to the elevation of each arch chamber.
  • the top floor of the electric plant is located from the top branch hole of the first combined chamber end 33
  • the branch holes 34 are respectively connected to the top arch end wall of the electrical building cavern 2 with an elevation of +37.0 m; from the third main branch hole 32, the first pressure relief hole top branch hole 36 and the second pressure relief hole top layer are respectively set.
  • the branch hole 37 leads to the top arch arch of the two pressure relief chambers 7 with an elevation of +52.0 m. Since the combined cavern comprises four workshops and the axis is long, the second main branch hole 31, the third main branch hole 32, the first combined hole end top branch hole 33, and the combined hole chamber middle top hole are specially arranged. 35 and the first combined cavity end bottom hole 22, the second combined hole end bottom hole 24 to increase the working surface, balance the construction period, and facilitate the top arch fast support to ensure the stability and safety of the top arch construction period.
  • the longitudinal slope of each top hole is less than 12%, which meets the requirements of trackless transportation.

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Abstract

一种地下核电站组合洞室群沿山体纵深方向的施工布置，包括核反应堆厂房洞室（1）、两个组合洞室、两个电气厂房洞室（2）、两个卸压洞室（7）、第一主交通洞（8）、第二主交通洞（9）和第三主交通洞（10），三个主交通洞均与地表相通，核反应堆厂房洞室（1）、组合洞室、电气厂房洞室（2）和卸压洞室（7）组成核岛厂房洞室群，核岛厂房洞室群各洞室的顶拱拱脚或顶拱端墙通过顶层支洞体系与地表相通，核岛厂房洞室群各洞室的边墙墙底通过底层支洞体系与三个主交通洞相连。该施工布置里程短、安全性好、施工方便、投资省、模块化程度高，可以广泛应用于核电工程技术领域。

Description

地下核电站组合洞室群沿山体纵深方向的施工布置 技术领域
本发明涉及核电工程技术领域，特别是涉及一种地下核电站组合洞室群沿山体纵深方向的施工布置。
背景技术
我国在“十二五”能源规划中提出要加快推进核电建设。然而在日本福岛核事故的影响下，刚从切尔诺贝利阴影中走出的全球核电产业又陷入了低谷。有鉴于此，国家对核电项目的审批更加严格和慎重，对核电厂的安全要求也提到了更高的地位。针对这种情况，地面核电站全部或部分置于地下的新型核电站布置结构为核电发展提供了新的思路。
就地下洞室群而言，水电站地下厂房洞室群已较常见，地下核电站洞室群的工程规模与水电地下厂房洞室群的工程规模也基本相当。但与水电站地下厂房洞室群相比较，可资利用的永久通道少，山体局部挖空率高，且核电工程对模块化要求程度高，故施工支洞的布置受到更多的限制。
如果地下核电站洞室群的施工支洞布置不当，容易影响主洞室的的稳定安全，同时造成施工不便，导致工期延误和投资增加。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了克服上述背景技术的不足，提供一种地下核电站组合洞室群沿山体纵深方向的施工布置，具有里程短、安全性好、施工方便、投资省、模块化程度高的特点。
本发明提供的一种地下核电站组合洞室群沿山体纵深方向的施工布置，包括两个中轴线连线与山体纵深方向垂直的核反应堆厂房洞室，每个核反应堆厂房洞室一侧设有沿山体纵深方向布置的组合洞室，每个核反应堆厂房洞室垂直于山体纵深方向的两侧分别设有电气厂房洞室与卸压洞室，每个电气厂房洞室垂直于山体纵深方向布置，两个组合洞室的外侧分别设有沿山体纵深方向布置的第一主交通洞和第三主交通洞，两个组合洞室之间设有沿山体纵深方向布置的第二主交通洞，所述第一主交通洞、第二主交通洞和 第三主交通洞一端均与地表相通，所述核反应堆厂房洞室、组合洞室、电气厂房洞室和卸压洞室组成核岛厂房洞室群，所述核岛厂房洞室群各洞室的顶拱拱脚或顶拱端墙通过用于施工的顶层支洞体系与地表相通，所述核岛厂房洞室群各洞室的边墙或端墙墙底通过作为出渣通道的底层支洞体系与第一主交通洞、第二主交通洞和第三主交通洞相连。
在上述技术方案中，所述顶层支洞体系包括第一主支洞、第一核反应堆厂房洞室顶层支洞、第二核反应堆厂房洞室顶层支洞、第二主支洞、第三主支洞、第一组合洞室端部顶层支洞、电气厂房顶层支洞、组合洞室中段顶层支洞、第一卸压洞顶层支洞和第二卸压洞顶层支洞，所述第一主支洞、第二主支洞和第三主支洞均沿山体纵深方向布置、且均与地表相通，所述第一主支洞的高程比第二主支洞和第三主支洞的高程高，所述第一主支洞通过第一核反应堆厂房洞室顶层支洞和第二核反应堆厂房洞室顶层支洞分别与两个核反应堆厂房洞室的顶拱拱脚相连，所述第二主支洞和第三主支洞的一端分别与对应的组合洞室一端的顶拱端墙相连，所述第二主支洞中段通过一个第一组合洞室端部顶层支洞与其中一个组合洞室另一端的顶拱端墙相连，所述第三主支洞中段通过另一个第一组合洞室端部顶层支洞与另一个组合洞室另一端的顶拱端墙相连，每个第一组合洞室端部顶层支洞的中段通过一条电气厂房顶层支洞与电气厂房洞室一端的顶拱端墙相连，所述第二主支洞的中段通过一条组合洞室中段顶层支洞与其中一个组合洞室中段的顶拱拱脚相连，所述第三主支洞的中段通过另一条组合洞室中段顶层支洞与另一个组合洞室中段的顶拱拱脚相连，所述第三主支洞的中段和端部分别设有第一卸压洞顶层支洞和第二卸压洞顶层支洞与对应的卸压洞室顶拱拱脚相连。
在上述技术方案中，所述顶层支洞体系中各顶层支洞纵坡均小于12％。
在上述技术方案中，所述底层支洞体系包括核反应堆厂房洞室底层支洞、第一组合洞室端部底层支洞、电气厂房底层支洞、第二组合洞室端部底层支洞和卸压洞底层支洞，所述第二主交通洞通过一个核反应堆厂房洞室底层支洞和一个卸压洞底层支洞分别与一个核反应堆厂房洞室的边墙底部和一个卸压洞室的底部相连，所述第三主交通洞通过另一个核反应堆厂房洞室底层支洞和另一个卸压洞底层支洞分别与另一个核反应堆厂房洞室的边墙底部和另一个卸压洞室的底部相连，所述第一主交通洞通过一个第一组合洞室端部底层支洞与一个组合洞室一端端墙墙底相连，所述第二主交通洞通过另一个第一组合洞室端部底层支洞与另一个组合洞室一端端墙墙底相连，每个第一组合洞室端部底层 支洞通过相连的电气厂房底层支洞与对应的电气厂房洞室端墙墙底相连，所述第二主交通洞的另一端通过一个第二组合洞室端部底层支洞与一个组合洞室另一端边墙墙底相连，所述第三主交通洞的另一端通过另一个第二组合洞室端部底层支洞与另一个组合洞室另一端边墙墙底相连。
在上述技术方案中，所述底层支洞体系中各底层支洞纵坡均小于12％。
在上述技术方案中，所述每个组合洞室包括依次纵向连接的第一安全厂房洞室、核燃料厂房洞室、第二安全厂房洞室和核辅助厂房洞室，所述第一组合洞室端部底层支洞与第一安全厂房洞室端墙墙底相连，第二组合洞室端部底层支洞与核辅助厂房洞室边墙墙底相连；所述第二主支洞和第三主支洞的一端分别与对应的核辅助厂房洞室外端面的顶拱拱脚相连，所述第一组合洞室端部顶层支洞与第一安全厂房洞室外端面的顶拱拱脚相连，所述组合洞室中段顶层支洞与第二安全厂房洞室的顶拱拱脚相连。
在上述技术方案中，每个核反应堆厂房洞室与其对应的电气厂房洞室之间通过与地表相连的主蒸汽通道相连，两个核反应堆厂房洞室均设有对应的设备通道与地表相通。
本发明地下核电站组合洞室群沿山体纵深方向的施工布置，具有以下有益效果：本发明充分利用±0m高程的主交通洞设置各厂房洞室的底层支洞作为出渣通道，并从山外另设通往各厂房洞室的顶层支洞作为施工通道，各厂房洞室即可以最少的施工通道按溜井法组织施工(所谓溜井法是在开挖区上下通道之间竖向设置溜渣井，上面通道作为施工通道，施工中产生的渣滓通过溜渣井进入下面通道运出施工场所)。所以各厂房洞室均只设顶层和底层共两层支洞。所述顶层支洞体系通至各厂房顶拱。所述底层支洞体系通至各厂房墙底。由于卸压洞室的底高程与主交通洞高程相差达20m，难以布置合适纵坡的底层支洞，故以卸压洞底层支洞先水平通至卸压洞室中轴处，再在施工过程中通过设溜渣竖井与卸压洞室底部衔接。
由核辅助厂房洞室、第二安全厂房洞室、核燃料厂房洞室和第一安全厂房洞室连成的组合洞室、核反应堆厂房洞室、电气厂房洞室以及卸压洞室，其底层设置的底层支洞均由主交通洞引出。由核辅助厂房洞室、第二安全厂房洞室、核燃料厂房洞室和第一安全厂房洞室连成的组合洞室、电气厂房洞室以及卸压洞室，其顶层设置的顶层支洞均由第二主支洞、第三主支洞和第四主支洞引出。
所述核反应堆厂房洞室的顶拱最高，立面上和平面上都无法与其他洞室共用施工通 道，故单独设第一主支洞，再分岔引出两条核反应堆厂房洞室顶层支洞分别通至两个核反应堆厂房洞室的拱脚高程处。
本发明按溜井法施工设置的施工通道最少，具有里程短、安全性好、施工方便、投资省、模块化程度高的优点，满足了施工的总体要求。
附图说明
图1为本发明地下核电站组合洞室群沿山体纵深方向的施工布置中与底层支洞体系相关的结构示意图；
图2为本发明地下核电站组合洞室群沿山体纵深方向的施工布置中组合洞室、电气厂房洞室和卸压洞室及其相关的顶层支洞体系的结构示意图；
图3为本发明地下核电站组合洞室群沿山体纵深方向的施工布置中核反应堆厂房洞室及其相关的顶层支洞体系的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步的详细描述，但该实施例不应理解为对本发明的限制。
参见图1至图3，本发明地下核电站组合洞室群沿山体纵深方向的施工布置，包括核反应堆厂房洞室1、组合洞室、电气厂房洞室2、卸压洞室7、第一主交通洞8、第二主交通洞9、第三主交通洞10、顶层支洞体系、底层支洞体系、主蒸汽通道11、设备通道12、支交通洞13和侧交通洞14。
所述核反应堆厂房洞室1为两个，两个核反应堆厂房洞室1的中轴线连线与山体纵深方向垂直。每个核反应堆厂房洞室1一侧设有沿山体纵深方向布置的组合洞室，每个核反应堆厂房洞室1垂直于山体纵深方向的两侧分别设有电气厂房洞室2与卸压洞室7，每个电气厂房洞室2垂直于山体纵深方向布置，两个组合洞室的外侧分别设有沿山体纵深方向布置的第一主交通洞8和第三主交通洞10，两个组合洞室之间设有沿山体纵深方向布置的第二主交通洞9，所述第一主交通洞8、第二主交通洞9和第三主交通洞10一端均与地表相通，所述核反应堆厂房洞室1、组合洞室、电气厂房洞室2和卸压洞室7组成核岛厂房洞室群，所述核岛厂房洞室群各洞室的顶拱拱脚或端墙通过用于施工的顶 层支洞体系与地表相通，所述核岛厂房洞室群各洞室的边墙或端墙墙底通过作为出渣通道的底层支洞体系与第一主交通洞8、第二主交通洞9和第三主交通洞10相连。
所述每个组合洞室包括依次纵向连接的第一安全厂房洞室3、核燃料厂房洞室4、第二安全厂房洞室5和核辅助厂房洞室6。
所述顶层支洞体系包括第一主支洞41、第一核反应堆厂房洞室顶层支洞42、第二核反应堆厂房洞室顶层支洞43、第二主支洞31、第三主支洞32、第一组合洞室端部顶层支洞33、电气厂房顶层支洞34、组合洞室中段顶层支洞35、第一卸压洞顶层支洞36和第二卸压洞顶层支洞37，所述第一主支洞41、第二主支洞31和第三主支洞32均沿山体纵深方向布置、且均与地表相通，所述第一主支洞41的高程比第二主支洞31和第三主支洞32的高程高，所述第一主支洞41通过第一核反应堆厂房洞室顶层支洞42和第二核反应堆厂房洞室顶层支洞43分别与两个核反应堆厂房洞室1的顶拱拱脚相连，所述第二主支洞31和第三主支洞32的一端分别与对应的核辅助厂房洞室6外端面的顶拱端墙相连，所述第二主支洞31中段通过一个第一组合洞室端部顶层支洞33与一个第一安全厂房洞室3外端面的顶拱端墙相连，所述第三主支洞32中段通过另一个第一组合洞室端部顶层支洞33与另一个第一安全厂房洞室3外端面的顶拱端墙相连，每个第一组合洞室端部顶层支洞33的中段通过一条电气厂房顶层支洞34与电气厂房洞室2一端的顶拱端墙相连，所述第二主支洞31的中段通过一条组合洞室中段顶层支洞35与一个第二安全厂房洞室5的顶拱拱脚相连，所述第三主支洞32的中段通过另一条组合洞室中段顶层支洞35与另一个第二安全厂房洞室5的顶拱拱脚相连，所述第三主支洞32的中段和端部分别设有第一卸压洞顶层支洞36和第二卸压洞顶层支洞37与对应的卸压洞室7顶拱拱脚相连。所述顶层支洞体系中各顶层支洞纵坡均小于12％，以满足无轨运输要求。
所述底层支洞体系包括核反应堆厂房洞室底层支洞21、第一组合洞室端部底层支洞22、电气厂房底层支洞23、第二组合洞室端部底层支洞24和卸压洞底层支洞25，所述第二主交通洞9通过一个核反应堆厂房洞室底层支洞21和一个卸压洞底层支洞25分别与一个核反应堆厂房洞室1的边墙底部和一个卸压洞室7的底部相连，所述第三主交通洞10通过另一个核反应堆厂房洞室底层支洞21和另一个卸压洞底层支洞25分别与另一个核反应堆厂房洞室1的边墙底部和另一个卸压洞室7的底部相连，所述第一主交通洞8通过一个第一组合洞室端部底层支洞22与一个第一安全厂房洞室3端墙墙底相连，所 述第二主交通洞9通过另一个第一组合洞室端部底层支洞22与另一个第一安全厂房洞室3端墙墙底相连，每个第一组合洞室端部底层支洞22通过相连的电气厂房底层支洞23与对应的电气厂房洞室2端墙墙底相连，所述第二主交通洞9的另一端通过一个第二组合洞室端部底层支洞24与一个核辅助厂房洞室6边墙墙底相连，所述第三主交通洞10的另一端通过另一个第二组合洞室端部底层支洞24与另一个核辅助厂房洞室6边墙墙底相连。所述底层支洞体系中各底层支洞纵坡均小于12％，以满足无轨运输要求。
每个核反应堆厂房洞室1与其对应的电气厂房洞室2之间通过与地表相连的主蒸汽通道11相连，两个核反应堆厂房洞室1均设有对应的设备通道12与地表相通。所述主蒸汽通道11和设备通道12均可作为施工通道。
本实施例的地下核电站采用双堆CUP600布置，采用溜井法组织地下厂房洞室开挖，即从上部工作面组织开挖，通过出渣井溜渣从底部工作面组织出渣。按溜井法组织施工可以最少的施工通道满足施工要求，故本发明各厂房洞室只需设置顶层和底层两层支洞体系：底层支洞可充分利用已有的永久通道第一主交通洞8、第二主交通洞9和第三主交通洞10分岔布置；顶层支洞可通过第一主支洞41、第二主支洞31和第三主支洞32分岔布置，这有利于减少支洞的施工工程量。底层支洞体系和顶层支洞体系与周围洞室均保持适当的间距，以保证洞室群稳定安全。开挖的支洞少、里程短，投资就省，同时支洞少、里程短、间距合适，整个工程的安全性也会更好；由于双堆CUP600地下核电站布置核岛厂房洞室群已做到模块化设计，故本发明结构的设计与施工可做到模块化。具体实施如下：
由于作为永久通道的第一主交通洞8、第二主交通洞9和第三主交通洞10以及可做为通道的主蒸汽通道11均布置在±0m高程，而各厂房洞室底高程均与此有较大的高差：比如核反应堆厂房洞室1底高程为－9.0m，组合洞室底高程为－12.5m，电气厂房洞室2底高程为－12.5m，卸压洞室底高程为+20.0m，所以在平面与立面上均不能直接利用作为永久通道的第一主交通洞8、第二主交通洞9和第三主交通洞10以及可做为通道的主蒸汽通道11。为满足各洞室底部的开挖出渣要求，需要布置底层支洞至各洞室底部；同时，为减小山体挖空率，减小影响各洞室稳定的不利因素，并减小底层支洞工程费用，不单独设底层主支洞，而是充分利用永久通道，由第一主交通洞8、第二主交通洞9和第三主交通洞10分岔引出布置各底层支洞21、22、23、24和25通至各洞室底高程处。 其中，由于卸压洞室7的底高程与主交通洞高程相差达20m，难以布置合适纵坡的底层支洞，故以卸压洞底层支洞25先水平通至卸压洞室7中轴处，再在施工过程中通过设溜渣竖井与卸压洞室7底部衔接。以上各底层支洞纵坡均小于12％，满足无轨运输要求。
由于各厂房洞室顶高程较高且高矮不一：比如核反应堆厂房洞室1顶高程为+78.0m，组合洞室顶高程为+57.85m，电气厂房洞室2顶高程为+46.8m，卸压洞室顶高程为+62.0m，所以在平面与立面上均不能利用永久通道第一主交通洞8、第二主交通洞9和第三主交通洞10，另外设备通道12的高程为+20.0m，与各洞室的高差过大，故需要另设顶层支洞至各厂房顶拱拱脚或顶拱端墙。由于核反应堆厂房洞室1顶拱最高，立面上和平面上都无法与其他洞室共用施工通道，故单独设第一主支洞41，再分岔引出第一核反应堆厂房洞室顶层支洞42和第二核反应堆厂房洞室顶层支洞43分别通至对应的核反应堆厂房洞室1高程为+65.0m的顶拱拱脚处。组合洞室、电气厂房洞室2、卸压洞室7虽顶高程不同，但在立面上的高差较小，此三类洞室共用第二主支洞31、第三主支洞32，由两个主支洞分岔设第一组合洞室端部顶层支洞33、电气厂房顶层支洞34、组合洞室中段顶层支洞35、第一卸压洞顶层支洞36和第二卸压洞顶层支洞37，以上这些顶层支洞均通至各洞室拱脚高程处。其中，从第二主支洞31和第三主支洞32通至高程为+48.0m的组合洞室顶拱端墙；从第一组合洞室端部顶层支洞33分岔设电气厂房顶层支洞34分别通至电气厂房洞室2高程为+37.0m的顶拱端墙处；从第三主支洞32分岔分别设第一卸压洞顶层支洞36和第二卸压洞顶层支洞37通至两个卸压洞室7高程为+52.0m的顶拱拱脚处。由于组合洞室包括四个厂房，轴线较长，故特别布置了第二主支洞31、第三主支洞32、第一组合洞室端部顶层支洞33、组合洞室中段顶层支洞35与第一组合洞室端部底层支洞22、第二组合洞室端部底层支洞24，以增加工作面，平衡工期，并利于顶拱快速支护以保证顶拱施工期稳定安全。其中各顶层支洞纵坡均小于12％，满足无轨运输要求。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。这样，倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。
本说明书中未作详细描述的内容属于本领域专业技术人员公知的现有技术。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种地下核电站组合洞室群沿山体纵深方向的施工布置，其特征在于：包括两个中轴线连线与山体纵深方向垂直的核反应堆厂房洞室(1)，每个核反应堆厂房洞室(1)一侧设有沿山体纵深方向布置的组合洞室，每个核反应堆厂房洞室(1)垂直于山体纵深方向的两侧分别设有电气厂房洞室(2)与卸压洞室(7)，每个电气厂房洞室(2)垂直于山体纵深方向布置，两个组合洞室的外侧分别设有沿山体纵深方向布置的第一主交通洞(8)和第三主交通洞(10)，两个组合洞室之间设有沿山体纵深方向布置的第二主交通洞(9)，所述第一主交通洞(8)、第二主交通洞(9)和第三主交通洞(10)一端均与地表相通，所述核反应堆厂房洞室(1)、组合洞室、电气厂房洞室(2)和卸压洞室(7)组成核岛厂房洞室群，所述核岛厂房洞室群各洞室的顶拱拱脚或顶拱端墙通过用于施工的顶层支洞体系与地表相通，所述核岛厂房洞室群各洞室的边墙或端墙墙底通过作为出渣通道的底层支洞体系与第一主交通洞(8)、第二主交通洞(9)和第三主交通洞(10)相连。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的地下核电站组合洞室群沿山体纵深方向的施工布置，其特征在于：所述顶层支洞体系包括第一主支洞(41)、第一核反应堆厂房洞室顶层支洞(42)、第二核反应堆厂房洞室顶层支洞(43)、第二主支洞(31)、第三主支洞(32)、第一组合洞室端部顶层支洞(33)、电气厂房顶层支洞(34)、组合洞室中段顶层支洞(35)、第一卸压洞顶层支洞(36)和第二卸压洞顶层支洞(37)，所述第一主支洞(41)、第二主支洞(31)和第三主支洞(32)均沿山体纵深方向布置、且均与地表相通，所述第一主支洞(41)的高程比第二主支洞(31)和第三主支洞(32)的高程高，所述第一主支洞(41)通过第一核反应堆厂房洞室顶层支洞(42)和第二核反应堆厂房洞室顶层支洞(43)分别与两个核反应堆厂房洞室(1)的顶拱拱脚相连，所述第二主支洞(31)和第三主支洞(32)的一端分别与对应的组合洞室一端的顶拱端墙相连，所述第二主支洞(31)中段通过一个第一组合洞室端部顶层支洞(33)与其中一个组合洞室另一端的顶拱端墙相连，所述第三主支洞(32)中段通过另一个第一组合洞室端部顶层支洞(33)与另一个组合洞室另一端的顶拱端墙相连，每个第一组合洞室端部顶层支洞(33)的中段通过一条电 气厂房顶层支洞(34)与电气厂房洞室(2)一端的顶拱端墙相连，所述第二主支洞(31)的中段通过一条组合洞室中段顶层支洞(35)与其中一个组合洞室中段的顶拱拱脚相连，所述第三主支洞(32)的中段通过另一条组合洞室中段顶层支洞(35)与另一个组合洞室中段的顶拱拱脚相连，所述第三主支洞(32)的中段和端部分别设有第一卸压洞顶层支洞(36)和第二卸压洞顶层支洞(37)与对应的卸压洞室(7)顶拱拱脚相连。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的地下核电站组合洞室群沿山体纵深方向的施工布置，其特征在于：所述顶层支洞体系中各顶层支洞纵坡均小于12％。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的地下核电站组合洞室群沿山体纵深方向的施工布置，其特征在于：所述底层支洞体系包括核反应堆厂房洞室底层支洞(21)、第一组合洞室端部底层支洞(22)、电气厂房底层支洞(23)、第二组合洞室端部底层支洞(24)和卸压洞底层支洞(25)，所述第二主交通洞(9)通过一个核反应堆厂房洞室底层支洞(21)和一个卸压洞底层支洞(25)分别与一个核反应堆厂房洞室(1)的边墙底部和一个卸压洞室(7)的底部相连，所述第三主交通洞(10)通过另一个核反应堆厂房洞室底层支洞(21)和另一个卸压洞底层支洞(25)分别与另一个核反应堆厂房洞室(1)的边墙底部和另一个卸压洞室(7)的底部相连，所述第一主交通洞(8)通过一个第一组合洞室端部底层支洞(22)与一个组合洞室一端端墙墙底相连，所述第二主交通洞(9)通过另一个第一组合洞室端部底层支洞(22)与另一个组合洞室一端端墙墙底相连，每个第一组合洞室端部底层支洞(22)通过相连的电气厂房底层支洞(23)与对应的电气厂房洞室(2)端墙墙底相连，所述第二主交通洞(9)的另一端通过一个第二组合洞室端部底层支洞(24)与一个组合洞室另一端边墙墙底相连，所述第三主交通洞(10)的另一端通过另一个第二组合洞室端部底层支洞(24)与另一个组合洞室另一端边墙墙底相连。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的地下核电站组合洞室群沿山体纵深方向的施工布置，其特征在于：所述底层支洞体系中各底层支洞纵坡均小于12％。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的地下核电站组合洞室群沿山体纵深方向的施工布置，其特 征在于：所述每个组合洞室包括依次纵向连接的第一安全厂房洞室(3)、核燃料厂房洞室(4)、第二安全厂房洞室(5)和核辅助厂房洞室(6)，所述第一组合洞室端部底层支洞(22)与第一安全厂房洞室(3)端墙墙底相连，第二组合洞室端部底层支洞(24)与核辅助厂房洞室(6)边墙墙底相连；所述第二主支洞(31)和第三主支洞(32)的一端分别与对应的核辅助厂房洞室(6)外端面的顶拱端墙相连，所述第一组合洞室端部顶层支洞(33)与第一安全厂房洞室(3)外端面的顶拱端墙相连，所述组合洞室中段顶层支洞(35)与第二安全厂房洞室(5)的顶拱拱脚相连。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的地下核电站组合洞室群沿山体纵深方向的施工布置，其特征在于：每个核反应堆厂房洞室(1)与其对应的电气厂房洞室(2)之间通过与地表相连的主蒸汽通道(11)相连，两个核反应堆厂房洞室(1)均设有对应的设备通道(12)与地表相通。
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