WO2015184563A1 - D型滚珠丝杠电动调速盘式磁力耦合器 - Google Patents

D型滚珠丝杠电动调速盘式磁力耦合器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015184563A1
WO2015184563A1 PCT/CN2014/000553 CN2014000553W WO2015184563A1 WO 2015184563 A1 WO2015184563 A1 WO 2015184563A1 CN 2014000553 W CN2014000553 W CN 2014000553W WO 2015184563 A1 WO2015184563 A1 WO 2015184563A1
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Prior art keywords
series
ball screw
speed
electric speed
speed regulation
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PCT/CN2014/000553
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李启飞
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李启飞
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Application filed by 李启飞 filed Critical 李启飞
Priority to PCT/CN2014/000553 priority Critical patent/WO2015184563A1/zh
Priority to CN201480078229.5A priority patent/CN107078625A/zh
Publication of WO2015184563A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015184563A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K49/00Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes
    • H02K49/10Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes of the permanent-magnet type
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K51/00Dynamo-electric gears, i.e. dynamo-electric means for transmitting mechanical power from a driving shaft to a driven shaft and comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts

Definitions

  • the inverter has a short service life, poor environmental adaptability, large floor space and high maintenance requirements.
  • the high-voltage inverter has a higher failure rate and poor reliability.
  • the grooved cam mechanism variable speed magnetic coupling (cylinder and disc type) that has been applied at present is limited in application range due to structural reasons and is expensive.
  • the liquid-cooled groove cam mechanism speed-regulating magnetic coupling can only be applied to the medium-speed dynamic equipment below 2500KW.
  • the air-cooling groove cam mechanism speed-regulating magnetic coupling can only be applied to the medium-speed dynamic equipment below 350KW. in.
  • the barrel magnetic coupling is even worse.
  • the liquid-cooled speed control product can only be applied to the medium-speed moving equipment below 800KW, and the safety and reliability are not high.
  • the invention focuses on finding a technical method for solving the high-power, high-torque dynamic equipment speed regulation and energy saving, and along with this technical method, four series of D-type ball screw electric speed-regulating disc type magnetic couplers are extended.
  • Air-cooled D-type ball screw electric speed disc type magnetic coupling FTD series
  • liquid-cooled D-type ball screw electric speed disc type magnetic coupling YTD series
  • series air-cooled D-type ball screw electric speed control board Magnetic coupling CFTD series
  • CYTD series series liquid-cooled D-type ball screw electric speed disc type magnetic coupling
  • Figure 1 shows the air-cooled D-type ball screw electric speed disc type magnetic coupling (FTD series)
  • Figure 2 shows the liquid-cooled D-type ball screw electric speed-regulating disc type magnetic coupling (YTD series)
  • Figure 3 shows the series air-cooling.
  • Fig. 4 is series liquid cooling D type ball screw electric speed disc type magnetic coupling (CYTD series).
  • the four series of D-type ball screw electric speed disc type magnetic couplings all have the following parts: 1 and 5 in the figure are induction discs, 2 and 4 are magnetic block fixing discs, 3 and 9 are inner rotor motor balls Screw speed governing mechanism, 6 is a high-speed rotary joint for electric speed control.
  • the reference numeral 7 in the figure is a high-speed rotary sealing assembly to ensure that the coolant (oil or water) inside the magnetic coupling does not leak.
  • any group can be connected in series, which can be determined according to requirements.
  • Figure 3 and Figure 4 are all three series connected. 8 is an induction disk and a magnetic block fixing plate which are connected in series in the middle.
  • the speed governing mechanism together constitutes an inner rotor.
  • the inner drive shaft has a wire connecting motor (motor stator, magnetic block fixed disk and central rotating shaft synchronously rotating) and an inner rotor of the electric speed special high-speed rotary joint (and the central drive shaft is relatively stationary)
  • the outer rotor of the high-speed rotary joint for electric speed regulation is connected to the external power source by a bidirectional switch. The bidirectional switch controls the direction of current flow into the motor, thereby changing the direction of the motor.
  • the inner rotor of the motor drives the lead screw to rotate, the lead screw rotates, and the screw nut (fixed together with the magnetic block fixing plate) moves in the axial direction, thereby changing the distance between the magnetic block fixing plate and the sensing disk (magnetic field coupling gap),
  • the change of the magnetic field coupling gap will lead to the change of the inner and outer rotor slip of the magnetic coupling, that is, the change of input and output speed).
  • Figure 5 shows the distribution of the magnetic block.
  • the reference numeral 1 in the figure is the three synchronous rods of the inner rotor motor to ensure that the motor stator and the magnetic block fixed disk rotate synchronously.
  • Figure 6 shows the inner rotor motor ball screw speed governing mechanism
  • 3-4, 3- 22 are threaded sealing plugs
  • 3- 3 is a synchronous rod
  • 3 - 2 is a limit retaining ring
  • 3-12 is an electrical contact material.
  • 3- 11 A combination of electrically insulating materials embedded with electrical contact materials, 3-8, 3-10, 3-13, 3-14, 3-15, 3- 16 ⁇ electrically insulating materials
  • 3- 27 stator windings 3-28 is the rotor winding
  • 3-19 is the screw nut
  • 3- 18 is the ball screw (same body as the motor central axis), and the motor is mass produced by professional manufacturers.
  • Fig. 7 is a ball screw speed governing mechanism of an inner rotor motor for a series D type ball screw electric speed dial type magnetic coupling
  • 9-1 is a bushing
  • Figure 8 is a series D-type ball screw electric speed disc type magnetic coupling (CFTD series, CYTD series) in the middle series of induction and magnetic block fixed disc, positioning sleeve 8-1, 8- 2 positioning the sensing disc in the magnetic coupling
  • the limiting sleeve 8-8 slides the magnetic block fixing plate on the central transmission shaft to limit the position.
  • Figure 9, Figure 10, Figure 11, and Figure 12 show the high-speed rotary joint for electric speed regulation. It adopts modular series structure and can be connected in any channel.
  • Figure 9 shows three channels, and the two ends of the sealing ring are 6-20.
  • 6-21 can be made of tungsten carbide, graphite, etc., 6-5, 6-7, 6-8, 6-24, 6-25 with wires in and out of the wire can be electrically insulated, 6-22 using electrical contact materials 6-23 is a combination of electrically insulating materials embedded with electrical contact materials, 6-14 is a spring, used to balance the contact pressure, and the guide pin & -15 at the spring guides the spring to prevent the spring from being turned at high speed. Failure under centrifugal force.
  • Figure 13 Figure 14, Figure 15 shows the grouping scheme of the high-speed rotary joint for electric speed regulation. It adopts modular series structure, and can connect any channel in series.
  • Figure 13 shows three channels, and the inner rotor is connected by bolts 4. Each part is then assembled with the outer rotor of the swivel joint, and then fixed to the central drive shaft by a set screw. The inner rotor and the central drive shaft rotate synchronously, and the outer rotor is stationary to connect the external power source.
  • Figure 1 shows the liquid-cooled D-type ball screw electric speed disc type magnetic coupling (YTD series, CYTD series) housing and internal high-speed rotary seal assembly, sealing ring 7-3, 7-4, 7-6, 7 -7 is a dynamic seal.
  • tungsten carbide, graphite and other materials can be used.
  • the spring 7-11 is used to compensate the wear of the seal ring, balance the seal pressure, and the guide pin 7-2 at the spring guides the spring.
  • the function is to prevent the spring from failing under the action of centrifugal force during high-speed rotation, and the positioning pins 7-1, 7-10 and the guide pin 7-2 are combined to position, 7-5, 7-8, 7-9 are static seals, with 0
  • the ring can be used.
  • Figure 17 and Figure 18 show the induction discs with raised blades on the disc surface to help dissipate heat.
  • the shape shown in Figure 17 can be selected. If the device is rotated, the streamline shape shown in Figure 18 can be selected to increase the heat dissipation and reduce the spoiler noise.
  • the elongated hole processing can be directly performed.
  • Figure 20 shows the structure of the FTD series magnetic coupling with the internal two ends of the support bearing removed.
  • the expansion between the drive shafts is extended.
  • Other series can also be used, but this solution can only be used in low load conditions and the shaft is very In a small case, the reasons are as follows:
  • the sensing discs 1 and 5 are assembled by bolts to form an outer rotor, the magnetic block fixing discs 2 and 4 are connected with the speed regulating mechanism 3 and the swivel joint 6 by a central transmission shaft to form an inner rotor, and the inner and outer rotors are not in contact with each other.
  • the various components and components included in the D-type ball screw electric speed disc type magnetic coupler can be processed and manufactured by modern industrial manufacturing technology.
  • Ball screws, motors, magnetic blocks, bearings can be produced by professional manufacturers, other parts machining, mold Forming and welding are all possible.
  • D-type ball screw electric speed disc type magnetic coupler as a kind of dynamic equipment, the finished product must have the following conditions for successful application: (1) Power calibration " ⁇ Build a complete test bench (each power torque) Interval), to complete the calibration of serialized products. (2) Dynamic balance detection - Rotating equipment must meet the dynamic balance requirements specified by relevant standards to achieve the necessary safety and reliability.

Abstract

一种D型滚珠丝杠电动调速盘式磁力耦合器,分为四大系列:风冷D型滚珠丝杠电动调速盘式磁耦、液冷D型滚珠丝杠电动调速盘式磁耦、串联风冷D型滚珠丝杠电动调速盘式磁耦和串联液冷D型滚珠丝杠电动调速盘式磁耦。通过采用内转子电机滚珠丝杠调速机构(3,9)调节盘式磁力耦合器感应盘(1,5)和磁块固定盘(2,4)之间的距离,从而实现一种经济可行的动设备的节能调速。

Description

D型滚珠丝杠电动调速盘式磁力耦合器
领域
动力传动、 节能减排、 动设备、 磁力驱动。 背景技术
从人类利用地磁驱动发明罗盘开始, 磁场能量的利用研究便一直没有停止过。 伴随着现 代磁学理论的发展, 磁力驱动产品在工业中的应用便层出不穷, 磁力泵、 磁力轴承、 磁力耦 合器、 磁力齿轮等等。 限于磁性材料的制约, 磁力驱动技术发展缓慢, 直到 1983年, 中国发 明了高性能永磁材料钕铁硼, 磁力驱动产品才得到快速发展应用。
磁力耦合器从磁力泵等磁力驱动产品中独立出来作为单独的分支发展以来, 出现了形形 色色的产品, 但都局限于结构方面的原因, 只能局限于中小功率、 中小扭矩区间的动设备动 力传动应用中,而且价格昂贵。像火电厂的一次风机(6000KW, 1496r/min)、二次风机(4550KW, 1495r/min)、 碎煤机(1200KW, 490r/min)和钢厂、 矿场的大型风机等动设备, 现有技术和 产品都无法满足实际应用需求。
节能减排是目前迫切需求。 动设备节能, 目前比较高效的有变频调速节能和沟槽凸轮机 构调速磁力耦合器调速节能。 变频器使用寿命较短, 环境适应能力差, 占地空间大, 维护需 求高, 高压变频器故障率则更高, 可靠性差。 目前已进行应用的沟槽凸轮机构调速磁耦 (筒 式和盘式) 因结构原因应用范围有限, 且价格昂贵。 液冷沟槽凸轮机构调速盘式磁耦只能勉 强应用到 2500KW以下中等转速的动设备中,风冷沟槽凸轮机构调速盘式磁耦只能勉强应用到 350KW以下中等转速的动设备中。 筒式磁耦则更差, 液冷调速产品只能勉强应用到 800KW以 下中等转速的动设备中, 且安全可靠性不高。
发明内容
本发明重在找到一种解决大功率、 高扭矩动设备调速节能的技术方法, 伴随着这种技术 方法而引伸出四大系列 D型滚珠丝杠电动调速盘式磁力耦合器一" ^风冷 D型滚珠丝杠电动调 速盘式磁耦(FTD系列)、 液冷 D型滚珠丝杠电动调速盘式磁耦(YTD系列)、 串联风冷 D型滚 珠丝杠电动调速盘式磁耦(CFTD系列)、 串联液冷 D型滚珠丝杠电动调速盘式磁耦 (CYTD系 列)。 附图说明
图 1为风冷 D型滚珠丝杠电动调速盘式磁耦(FTD系列), 图 2为液冷 D型滚珠丝杠电动 调速盘式磁耦(YTD系列), 图 3为串联风冷 D型滚珠丝杠电动调速盘式磁耦 <CFTD系列), 图 4为串联液冷 D型滚珠丝杠电动调速盘式磁耦(CYTD系列)。
四大系列 D型滚珠丝杠电动调速盘式磁耦, 都包含如下几个部分: 图中标号 1和 5为感 应盘, 2和 4为磁块固定盘, 3和 9为内转子电机滚珠丝杠调速机构, 6为电动调速专用高速 回转接头。
对于液冷 D型滚珠丝杠电动调速盘式磁耩(YTD系列、 CYTD系列), 图中标号 7为高速回 转密封组件, 保证磁耦内部的冷却液(油或水)不会泄露。
对于串联 D型滚珠丝杠电动调速盘式磁耦(CFTD系列、 CYTD系列), 理论上可串联任意 组, 可根据需要决定, 图 3和图 4所示均为 3组串联, 图中标号 8为中间串联的感应盘和磁 块固定盘。
四大系列 D型滚珠丝杠电动调速盘式磁耦中,所有的感应盘由限位螺栓联结组成外转子, 所有的磁块固定盘串联在中心传动轴上, 和内转子电机滚珠丝杠调速机构一起组成内转子, 中心传动轴中有电线连接电机(电机定子、 磁块固定盘和中心转动轴同步转动)和电动调速 专用高速回转接头的内转子(和中心传动轴相对静止), 电动调速专用高速回转接头的外转子 由双向开关连接外部电源。 双向开关控制进入电机的电流方向, 从而改变电机转向。 电机内 转子带动丝杠转动, 丝杠转动, 丝杠螺母(和磁块固定盘固定在一起)沿轴向移动, 从而改 变磁块固定盘和感应盘之间的距离(磁场耦合间隙), 以达到调速节能的目的(磁场耦合间隙 的变化, 将导致磁耦内外转子转差的变化, 也就是输入输出转速的变化)。
图 5所示为磁块的分布情况, 图中标号 1为内转子电机的三根同步杆, 保证电机定子与 磁块固定盘同步转动。
图 6为内转子电机滚珠丝杠调速机构, 3-4、 3- 22为螺紋密封堵头, 3- 3为同步杆, 3 - 2 为限位挡圈, 3-12为电接触材料, 3- 11采用电绝缘材料镶嵌电接触材料的组合结构, 3-8、 3-10, 3-13、 3-14、 3-15、 3- 16釆用电绝缘材料, 3- 27为定子绕组, 3-28为转子绕组, 3-19 为丝杠螺母, 3- 18为滚珠丝杠(和电机中心轴同体), 电机由专业厂家批量生产。
图 7为串联 D型滚珠丝杠电动调速盘式磁耦用内转子电机滚珠丝杠调速机构,9-1为衬套。 图 8为串联 D型滚珠丝杠电动调速盘式磁耦(CFTD系列、 CYTD系列)中间串联的感应盘 和磁块固定盘, 定位套 8-1、 8- 2将感应盘定位于磁耦外转子的联结螺杆上, 限位套 8- 8对磁 块固定盘在中心传动轴上滑动起限位作用。 图 9、 图 10、 图 11、 图 12所示为电动调速专用高速回转接头, 采用模块化串联结构,可 串 任意通道, 图 9中所示为三通道, 两端密封环 6-20、 6-21可采用碳化钨、 石墨等材料, 中间有电线进出部分的 6-5、 6-7、 6-8、 6-24、 6-25可采用电绝缘材料, 6-22采用电接触材 料, 6-23采用电绝缘材料镶嵌电接触材料的组合结构, 6- 14为弹簧, 用来平衡接触压力,弹 簧处的导向销& -15对弹簧起导向限位作用, 防止高速回转时弹簧在离心力作用下失效。
图 13、 图 14、 图 15所示为电动调速专用高速回转接头的成组方案, 采用模块化串联结 构, 可串联任意通道, 图 13中所示为三通道, 其内转子由螺栓 4联结各部分, 然后和回转接 头的外转子装配组成一个整体, 再用定位螺钉固定于中心传动轴上, 内转子和中心传动轴同 步转动, 其外转子静止不动, 以连接外部电源。
图 1&所示为液冷 D型滚珠丝杠电动调速盘式磁耦(YTD系列、 CYTD系列)外壳与内部的 高速回转密封组件,密封环 7-3、 7-4、 7-6、 7-7为动密封,根据冷却液的不同可选用碳化钨、 石墨等材料, 弹簧 7- 11用来补偿密封环的磨损, 平衡密封压力, 弹簧处的导向销 7- 2对弹簧 起导向限位作用,防止高速回转时弹簧在离心力作用下失效,定位销 7-1、 7- 10与导向销 7-2 组合起定位作用, 7-5、 7-8、 7-9为静密封, 用 0形圈即可。
图 17、 图 18为感应盘, 盘面上分布有凸起叶片, 已助散热。未知设备旋向时, 可选用图 17所示形状, 如已知设备旋向, 可选用图 18所示的流线形状, 已增加散热量并减小扰流噪 声。
关于中心传动轴中细长孔的制造工艺, 可直接进行细长孔加工。 为简化加工工艺, 降低 制造成本, 也可采用铝挤型成型, 然后与中心传动轴进行嵌套的方法, 见图 19。
图 20所示为 FTD系列磁耦取下内部两端支承轴承的结构示意,传动轴之间联接采用胀套, 其它系列也可这样做, 但这种方案仅可用在低载情况和轴窜很微小的情况, 原因如下: 感应 盘 1和 5由螺栓联结组成外转子, 磁块固定盘 2和 4与调速机构 3、 回转接头 6由中心传动 轴连接组成内转子, 内外转子互不接触, 但由于装配时很难保证感应盘与磁块固定盘的平行 度, 所以会对电机中心轴轴承支承处和负载传动轴轴承支承处造成交变应力(磁场耦合附加 弯矩的作用), 以致于轴过度磨损失效。此外, 轴窜的影响会造成不稳定运转, 严重时会造成 事故。 总的来说, 此种方案要慎用。
具体实 ifi¾r式
D型滚珠丝杠电动调速盘式磁力耦合器所包含的各组成零部件,现代工业制造技术均可加 工制造。 滚珠丝杠、 电机、 磁块、 轴承均可由专业厂商配套生产, 其它零部件机加工、 模具 成形、 焊接即可。
D型滚珠丝杠电动调速盘式磁力耦合器作为一种动设备,其成品要想成功应用, 必须具备 以下商个条件: (1 )功率标定" ~建立完备的测试台架(各功率扭矩区间), 以完成系列化产 品的标定。 (2)动平衡检测——旋转设备必须达到相关标准规定的动平衡要求, 以达到必要 的安全可靠性。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书 本发明重在找到一种解决大功率、 高扭矩动设备调速节能的技术方法, 伴随着这种技术 方法而引伸出四大系列 D型滚珠丝杠电动调速盘式磁力耦合器——风冷 D型滚珠丝杠电动调 速盘式磁耦(FTD系列)、 液冷 D型滚珠丝杠电动调速盘式磁耦(YTD系列)、 串联风冷 D型滚 珠丝杠电动调速盘式磁耦 (CFTD系列)、 串联液冷 D型滚珠丝杠电动调速盘式磁耩 (CYTD系 列)。 权力要求如下-
1、 磁耦串联内转子滚珠丝杠电动调速的技术方法——此法用以解决大功率、 高扭矩动设 备的调速节能, 其特征是通过中心传动轴中的主电缆控制几组内转子电机滚珠丝杠电动调速 机构同时运动。
2、 内转子电机滚珠丝杠调速机构调速的技术方法——其特征是内转子电机和滚珠丝杠 组合应用, 未接通电源时, 内转子电机定子、 转子、 滚珠丝杠组件与中心传动轴同步旋转, 相对静止, 接通电源开关后, 内转子电机转子与定子之间便相对转动 (电机定子与中心传动 轴同步转动), 从而带动丝杠转动, 丝杠转动 丝杠螺母沿轴向移动, 带动磁体固定盘沿中心 传动轴滑动, 从而改变磁体固定盘与感应盘之间的距离(磁场耦合间隙), 达到调速节能的目 的。
3、 电动调速专用高速回转接头的技术方法——电动调速专用高速回转接头由内转子和 外转子两大部分组成, 外转子静止不动, 用以连接外部电源, 内转子和中心传动轴同步高速 转动, 两者相对静止, 内外转子的电流通路按电接触理论的原理。
4、 高速回转密封中利用导向销来控制弹簧移动的技术方法——存在于电动调速专用高 速回转接头两端采用的密封结构中和液冷 D型滚珠丝杠电动调速盘式磁耦两端的密封结构 中。
5、 风冷 D型滚珠丝杠电动调速盘式磁耦(FTD系列) 的结构方案一其特征是电动调速 专用高速回转接头、 内转子电机滚珠丝杠调速机构。
6、 液冷 D型滚珠丝杠电动调速盘式磁稱 (YTD系列) 的结构方案——其特征是电动调速 专用高速回转接头、 内转子电机滚珠丝杠调速机构、 磁耦内外转子和外壳三者之间的高速回 转密封结构。
7、 串联风冷 D型滚珠丝杠电动调速盘式磁耦(CFTD系列)的结构方案——其特征是电动 调速专用高速回转接头、 内转子电机滚珠丝杠调速机构、 串联结构 (说明书中所示为三组串 联, 可串联两组或多组, 结构一样)。
8、 串联液冷 D型滚珠丝杠电动调速盘式磁耦(CYTD系列)的结构方案——其特征是电动 调速专用高速回转接头、 内转子电机滚珠丝杠调速机构、 磁耦内外转子和外壳三者之间的高 速回转密封结构、 串联结构 (说明书中所示为三组串联, 可串联两组或多组, 结构一样)。
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