WO2015182097A1 - Dispositif d'alimentation électrique sans contact et système d'alimentation électrique sans contact dans lequel il est utilisé - Google Patents

Dispositif d'alimentation électrique sans contact et système d'alimentation électrique sans contact dans lequel il est utilisé Download PDF

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WO2015182097A1
WO2015182097A1 PCT/JP2015/002603 JP2015002603W WO2015182097A1 WO 2015182097 A1 WO2015182097 A1 WO 2015182097A1 JP 2015002603 W JP2015002603 W JP 2015002603W WO 2015182097 A1 WO2015182097 A1 WO 2015182097A1
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Prior art keywords
primary side
characteristic
frequency
primary
coil
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PCT/JP2015/002603
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
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田村　秀樹
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パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社
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Publication of WO2015182097A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015182097A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/80—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L5/00—Current collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60M—POWER SUPPLY LINES, AND DEVICES ALONG RAILS, FOR ELECTRICALLY- PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60M7/00—Power lines or rails specially adapted for electrically-propelled vehicles of special types, e.g. suspension tramway, ropeway, underground railway
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/70—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the reduction of electric, magnetic or electromagnetic leakage fields
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
    • H02J7/00034—Charger exchanging data with an electronic device, i.e. telephone, whose internal battery is under charge
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a non-contact power supply apparatus and a non-contact power supply system using the same, and more specifically to a non-contact power supply apparatus that performs non-contact power supply by electromagnetic induction and a non-contact power supply system using the same.
  • Document 1 a non-contact power supply device that performs non-contact power supply by electromagnetic induction has been provided (for example, see Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2013-211932, hereinafter referred to as “Document 1”).
  • the contactless power supply device described in Document 1 is used together with a contactless power receiving device that receives power from the contactless power supply device.
  • the non-contact power feeding device includes a primary side coil and an AC power source that inputs AC power to the primary side coil.
  • the non-contact power receiving device includes a secondary side coil.
  • the non-contact power receiving device is mounted on a vehicle including a relatively large capacity secondary battery and a charging circuit for charging the secondary battery, such as an electric vehicle and a hybrid vehicle, and a power source for the charging circuit described above. Become.
  • non-contact power supply device as described above is used, convenience such as plugging / unplugging / unplugging becomes unnecessary as compared with the case where power supply is performed by wire.
  • the mutual inductance between the primary side coil and the secondary side coil changes according to the positional relationship between the primary side coil and the secondary side coil.
  • the non-contact power receiving device is mounted on an automobile and the non-contact power feeding device is fixed to the ground
  • the mutual inductance is different.
  • the vehicle height is low, the mutual inductance value and coupling coefficient value between the primary coil of the contactless power supply device on the ground side and the secondary coil present on the vehicle body side are values that can be practically used. It can be operated with.
  • the vehicle height of the automobile is high, the distance between the primary side coil and the secondary side coil is increased, so that the mutual inductance value and the coupling coefficient value are insufficient.
  • the electric power input to the primary coil and the electrical stress applied to the circuit components of the AC power supply depend on the mutual inductance.
  • the life of the AC power supply may be shortened due to excessive electrical stress, and the efficiency may be reduced. May be wasted.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a non-contact power feeding device that can suppress a decrease in efficiency due to a positional relationship between a primary side coil and a secondary side coil, and a non-contact power feeding system using the same.
  • a non-contact power feeding device inputs AC power to a primary side coil, a primary side capacitor that constitutes a primary side LC circuit together with the primary side coil, and the primary side LC circuit.
  • An AC power source configured as described above, a power source control unit that controls the AC power source, and a characteristic estimation unit configured to perform a characteristic estimation operation that estimates a characteristic of the primary side LC circuit.
  • the control unit sets the effective value of the output voltage to the steady operation before starting the steady operation of controlling the AC power supply so that the frequency of the output voltage is constant.
  • the characteristic estimation unit performs the characteristic estimation operation during the start-up period.
  • a non-contact power feeding system of the present invention includes the non-contact power feeding device and a secondary side coil configured to induce a current by an electromagnetic field generated by the primary side coil. And a non-contact power receiving device.
  • FIG. 1 is a circuit block diagram illustrating a non-contact power feeding system according to a first embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the usage pattern of the non-contact electric power feeding system which concerns on Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the example of the frequency characteristic of the primary side LC circuit in the non-contact electric power feeding system which concerns on Embodiment 1 about the case where the coupling coefficient of a primary side coil and a secondary side coil differs, respectively.
  • It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the time change of the output current I of the alternating current power supply in the slow phase mode, and the output voltage V.
  • FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of frequency characteristics of a primary side LC circuit in the non-contact power feeding system according to the first embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows another example of the frequency characteristic of the primary side LC circuit in the non-contact electric power feeding system which concerns on Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram illustrating an example of a primary side capacitor in the non-contact power feeding system according to the first embodiment. 3 is a circuit diagram illustrating an example of a primary side coil in the non-contact power feeding system according to Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 13A to 13D are explanatory diagrams illustrating examples of first characteristics in the non-contact power feeding system according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 14A is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of frequency characteristics of the primary LC circuit in the non-contact power feeding system according to the second embodiment.
  • 14B is an explanatory diagram illustrating another example of the frequency characteristics of the primary LC circuit in the wireless power supply system according to the second embodiment.
  • 10 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of frequency characteristics of a primary side LC circuit in a non-contact power feeding system according to Embodiment 3.
  • FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows another example of the frequency characteristic of the primary side LC circuit in the non-contact electric power feeding system which concerns on Embodiment 3.
  • the non-contact power feeding device 2 includes a primary side coil L1 and a primary side capacitor C1 that constitutes a primary side LC circuit 24 together with the primary side coil L1.
  • the non-contact power feeding device 2 includes an AC power source 21 configured to input AC power to the primary side LC circuit 24 and a primary side control unit 22 as a power source control unit that controls the AC power source 21.
  • the non-contact power feeding device 2 includes a primary side control unit 22 as a characteristic estimation unit configured to perform a characteristic estimation operation of estimating the characteristic of the primary side LC circuit 24.
  • the primary side control unit 22 as the power source control unit has a start period before starting a steady operation of controlling the AC power source 21 so that the frequency of the output voltage V is constant.
  • the effective value of the output voltage V is set lower than that during steady operation.
  • the primary side control unit 22 as the characteristic estimation unit performs a characteristic estimation operation during the starting period.
  • the primary side control unit 22 as the characteristic estimation unit estimates the characteristic of the primary side LC circuit 24 in a state where the primary side coil L1 is magnetically coupled to the secondary side coil L2.
  • the characteristic of the primary side LC circuit 24 is that the current flowing through the primary side LC circuit 24 with respect to the frequency of the output voltage V output from the AC power source 21 after the primary side coil L1 is magnetically coupled to the secondary side coil L2. This is the frequency characteristic of I.
  • the frequency characteristics (resonance characteristics) of the primary side LC circuit 24 are different for each coupling coefficient k between the primary side coil L1 and the secondary side coil L2. For example, the coupling coefficient k changes when the relative positions of the primary coil L1 and the secondary coil L2 shift.
  • the primary side control unit 22 as the characteristic estimation unit performs a characteristic estimation operation for estimating the frequency characteristic of the current I during the start period, and the output that can be fed to the secondary coil L2 side by the non-contact power feeding device 2 in a desired state. Estimate the frequency of the voltage V. And the primary side control part 22 as a characteristic estimation part controls the alternating current power supply 21 so that the frequency of the output voltage V may be made constant, and starts steady operation
  • the non-contact electric power feeder 2 can suppress the fall of the efficiency by the positional relationship of the primary side coil L1 and the secondary side coil L2.
  • the primary side control unit 22 as the characteristic estimation unit may estimate the characteristic based on the current in the AC power source 21.
  • the primary side control unit 22 as the characteristic estimation unit may estimate the characteristic based on the difference between the phase of the output voltage V and the phase of the output current I in the AC power supply 21. .
  • the primary side control unit 22 as a power supply control unit may gradually change the frequency of the output voltage V of the AC power supply 21 while the characteristic estimation operation is being performed.
  • the primary side control unit 22 as the characteristic estimation unit detects the effective value of the output current I of the AC power supply 21 a plurality of times in a state where the frequency of the output voltage of the AC power supply 21 is different. May be.
  • a primary side control unit 22 as a characteristic adjustment unit that controls at least one of the capacitance of the primary side capacitor C1 and the inductance of the primary side coil L1.
  • the primary side control unit 22 as the characteristic adjustment unit determines at least one of the capacitance of the primary side capacitor C1 and the inductance of the primary side coil L1 according to the characteristic estimated by the characteristic estimation operation before the steady operation is started. The characteristic adjustment operation is performed to obtain
  • a storage unit 26 in which a table showing a correspondence relationship between at least one of the capacitance of the primary side capacitor C1 and the inductance of the primary side coil L1 and the characteristic estimated by the characteristic estimation operation is stored in advance. May be provided.
  • the primary side control unit 22 serving as the characteristic adjustment unit sets at least one of the capacitance of the primary side capacitor C1 and the inductance of the primary side coil L1 as a table for the characteristic estimated by the characteristic estimation operation. The value associated with.
  • the primary side control unit 22 as a characteristic adjustment unit changes at least one of the capacitance of the primary side capacitor C1 and the inductance of the primary side coil L1, and then performs primary side control as a characteristic estimation unit.
  • the unit 22 may estimate the characteristics again.
  • a non-contact power feeding system 1 includes any non-contact power feeding device 2 described above and a secondary side coil L2 configured to induce a current by an electromagnetic field generated by the primary side coil L1. And a contact power receiving device 3.
  • the non-contact power receiving device 3 includes an open / close unit 31 that opens and closes an electric path between both ends of the secondary coil L2, and a secondary control unit 32 that controls the open / close unit 31. May be.
  • the secondary side control unit 32 turns on the opening / closing unit 31 during the period during which the characteristic estimation operation is performed, and turns off the opening / closing unit 31 during the period during which the steady operation is performed. .
  • the non-contact power receiving device 3 includes a rectifying unit 30 that rectifies the output of the secondary coil L2, and the opening / closing unit 31 is electrically connected between the output terminals of the rectifying unit 30. It is desirable that
  • the non-contact electric power feeding system can suppress the fall of the efficiency by the positional relationship of the primary side coil L1 and the secondary side coil L2.
  • the non-contact electric power feeding system 1 which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention is demonstrated.
  • the non-contact power feeding system 1 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention includes a non-contact power feeding device 2 and a non-contact power receiving device 3.
  • the non-contact power feeding device 2 includes a primary side coil L1, a primary side capacitor C1 that forms the primary side LC circuit 24 together with the primary side coil L1, an AC power source 21 that supplies AC power to the primary side LC circuit 24, and an AC power source.
  • the primary side control part 22 as a power supply control part which controls 21 is provided.
  • the AC power source 21 includes a DC power source unit 210 that can change the output voltage, and an inverter unit 211 that converts the output of the DC power source unit 210 into AC and outputs the AC voltage to the primary LC circuit 24.
  • the inverter unit 211 is a so-called full bridge type inverter circuit in which a series circuit of two switching elements Q1 and Q2 and a series circuit of two switching elements Q3 and Q4 are connected in parallel to each other. Each series circuit is electrically connected in parallel between a pair of output terminals of the DC power supply unit 210. A connection point between the switching element Q1 and the switching element Q2 is electrically connected to one input terminal of the primary side LC circuit 24. A connection point between the switching element Q3 and the switching element Q4 is electrically connected to the other input terminal of the primary side LC circuit 24. In the example of FIG.
  • n-channel and enhancement type MOSFETs Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors
  • the drain is directed to the high potential side
  • the source is directed to the low potential side
  • the gate is connected to the primary side control unit 22.
  • IGBTs Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors
  • the primary-side control unit 22 uses a rectangular-wave-shaped first drive signal G1 whose duty ratio is slightly lower than 50% to switch the switching element Q1 on the high potential side of one series circuit of the inverter unit 211 and the low level of the other series circuit.
  • the potential side switching element Q4 is driven.
  • the primary side control unit 22 switches the remaining two switching units of the inverter unit 211 by a rectangular-wave-like second drive signal G2 having a common duty ratio and frequency with respect to the first drive signal G1 and having a phase different by 180 degrees.
  • Elements Q2 and Q3 are driven. That is, the pair of two switching elements Q1 and Q4 positioned diagonally to each other and the pair of the remaining two switching elements Q2 and Q3 are alternately turned on and off.
  • the output voltage of the DC power supply unit 210 is alternated and input to the primary side LC circuit 24.
  • the inverter unit 211 inverts the polarity of the output voltage of the DC power supply unit 210 in accordance with the first drive signal G1 and the second drive signal G2, and outputs the result to the primary side LC circuit 24.
  • the primary side control part 22 is realizable using a microcomputer, for example.
  • the DC power supply unit 210 is configured such that the height of the output voltage is variable under the control of the primary side control unit 22.
  • DC power supply unit 210 is formed by connecting a series circuit of battery E1 and switch QE1 and a series circuit of battery E2 and switch QE2 in parallel with each other.
  • the switches QE1 and QE2 are on / off controlled by the primary side control unit 22, respectively.
  • the switches QE1 and QE2 as described above, for example, known semiconductor switches can be used.
  • the batteries E1 and E2 have different output voltages. In the present embodiment, the battery E1 outputs a higher output voltage than the battery E2. That is, a voltage having a different height is output from the DC power supply unit 210 depending on which of the switches QE1 and QE2 is turned on by the primary side control unit 22.
  • the output voltage of the DC power supply unit 210 may be variable by using a known switching power supply circuit controlled by the primary side control unit 22 as the DC power supply unit 210.
  • the non-contact power receiving device 3 includes a secondary side coil L2 configured such that current is induced by an electromagnetic field generated by the primary side coil L1, and a secondary side capacitor C2 connected in series to the secondary side coil L2.
  • the non-contact power receiving device 3 includes a rectifier 30 that performs full-wave rectification on the output of the secondary coil L2 by connecting AC input terminals to both ends of the series circuit of the secondary coil L2 and the secondary capacitor C2.
  • an output capacitor C3 that smoothes the output of the rectifying unit 30. That is, the current induced in the secondary coil L2 is rectified by the rectifier 30 and the output capacitor C3 is charged by the rectified current. Both ends of the output capacitor C3 are electrically connected to the subsequent load 91 as output terminals of the non-contact power receiving device 3.
  • the load 91 is a charging circuit that is mounted on the automobile 9 as shown in FIG. 2 and charges the secondary battery 90 with electric power obtained by appropriately converting the output of the non-contact power receiving device 3.
  • the secondary coil L2 is disposed below the automobile 9, and the non-contact power feeding device 2 is fixed to the ground. By stopping the automobile 9 so that the secondary coil L2 is positioned on the primary coil L1, power can be supplied from the non-contact power supply device 2 to the non-contact power reception device 3, and thus the secondary battery 90 Charging becomes possible.
  • the primary side control unit 22 When the primary side control unit 22 starts the AC power supply 21, the frequencies of the first drive signal G1 and the second drive signal G2 (that is, the frequency of the output voltage V of the AC power supply 21; hereinafter referred to as “operation frequency”).
  • the characteristics of the primary side LC circuit 24 are estimated during the start-up period before starting a steady operation with f being constant. That is, the primary side control unit 22 also serves as a characteristic estimation unit that performs a characteristic estimation operation of estimating the characteristic of the primary side LC circuit 24.
  • the primary side control unit 22 controls the DC power supply unit 210 so that the effective value of the output voltage V of the AC power supply 21 is lower during the characteristic estimation operation than during the steady operation.
  • the DC power supply unit 210 is configured as shown in FIG. 1, the switch QE1 connected in series to the battery E1 whose output voltage is higher than that of the battery E2 is turned off, and the output voltage is lower than that of the battery E1.
  • the switch QE2 connected to the battery E2 is turned on.
  • the non-contact power feeding device 2 includes a current detection unit 25 that detects a current (hereinafter simply referred to as “output current”) I output from the AC power supply 21 to the primary coil L ⁇ b> 1, and a storage unit 26. .
  • a current detection unit 25 for example, a shunt resistor or a Hall element may be used.
  • the storage unit 26 a known memory can be used.
  • the primary side control unit 22 obtains an effective value Ie of the output current I detected by the current detection unit 25 and stores it in the storage unit 26 a plurality of times while gradually changing the operation frequency f. I do. With the above operation, the storage unit 26 stores the frequency characteristics of the primary side LC circuit 24.
  • the primary side control unit 22 may obtain the effective value Ie by calculation from the instantaneous value of the current I detected by the current detection unit 25.
  • the current detection unit 25 outputs, for example, a voltage proportional to the effective value Ie of the current I to the primary side control unit 22 in addition to outputting the effective value Ie of the current I. It may be configured as follows.
  • the current detection unit 25 may detect and output a representative value (a peak value, an average value, etc.) other than the effective value Ie instead of the effective value Ie of the output current I of the AC power supply 21.
  • the primary side control unit 22 causes the DC power supply unit 210 of the AC power supply 21 to have a higher effective value of the output voltage V than during the characteristic estimation operation.
  • the DC power supply unit 210 is configured as shown in FIG. 1, the switch QE2 connected to the battery E2 whose output voltage is lower than the battery E1 is turned off, and the battery whose output voltage is higher than that of the battery E2.
  • the switch QE1 connected in series with E1 is turned on.
  • the frequency characteristics of the primary side LC circuit 24 are different for each coupling coefficient k between the primary side coil L1 and the secondary side coil L2, as shown in FIG. Specifically, when the coupling coefficient k is small to some extent (for example, k ⁇ 0.1), the maximum value of the frequency characteristic is one place, and no minimum value is generated. However, when the coupling coefficient k is large to some extent (for example, k ⁇ 0.15), the maximum value of the frequency characteristic is generated at two locations, and the minimum value is generated at the frequency between the two maximum values. Further, the larger the coupling coefficient k (that is, the greater the mutual inductance), the larger the interval between the maximum frequency.
  • the coupling coefficient k that is, the greater the mutual inductance
  • phase of the output current I is delayed from the phase of the output voltage V as shown in FIG. 4, and the output current I of the AC power source 21 as shown in FIG. There is a phase advance mode in which the phase advances more than the phase of the output voltage V.
  • the operating mode is a phase advance mode.
  • the frequency band in which the operation mode becomes the phase advance mode as described above is on the lower frequency side (f ⁇ fr0) than the frequency fr0 of the maximum value.
  • the frequency band in which the operation mode is the phase advance mode is lower than the frequency fr1 of the maximum value on the low frequency side (f ⁇ fr1), and the minimum value. Between the frequency fr2 and the maximum frequency fr3 on the high frequency side (fr2 ⁇ f ⁇ fr3).
  • the operating mode is a slow phase mode.
  • the frequency band in which the operation mode becomes the slow phase mode is higher frequency side (right side) f> fr0 than the frequency fr0 of the maximum value.
  • the frequency band in which the operation mode is the slow phase mode is between the maximum frequency fr1 and the minimum frequency fr2 on the low frequency side (fr1 ⁇ f ⁇ fr2) and the high frequency side (f> fr3) from the maximum value fr3 on the high frequency side.
  • switching of the switching elements Q1 to Q4 is so-called hard switching, so that the electrical stress applied to the switching elements Q1 to Q4 is relatively high and the power consumption is relatively increased.
  • switching of the switching elements Q1 to Q4 is so-called soft switching.
  • loss due to switching of the switching elements Q1 to Q4 can be reduced, and excessive electrical stress can be suppressed from being applied to the switching elements Q1 to Q4. Therefore, it is desirable that the operation mode of the AC power supply 21 is a slow phase mode.
  • the operation mode is the slow phase mode or the fast phase mode with respect to a certain operating frequency f depends on the coupling coefficient k. For example, when the operating frequency f is the frequency f1 shown in FIG. 3, if the coupling coefficient k is 0.25 or 0.35, the operating mode is the slow phase mode, but if the coupling coefficient k is 0.15. The operation mode becomes the phase advance mode.
  • the primary side control unit 22 operates so as to set the operation mode in the steady operation to the slow phase mode.
  • the operating frequency f during steady operation is a frequency included in the frequency band of the slow phase mode estimated in the characteristic estimation operation.
  • the frequency band on the low frequency side that is, sandwiched between the two maximum values
  • fr1 ⁇ f ⁇ fr2 fr1 ⁇ f ⁇ fr2
  • the range of the operating frequency f to be changed is, for example, a range that includes at least the frequency fr1 of the maximum value on the low frequency side and the frequency of the minimum value fr2 within the range of assumed conditions ( For example, 70 kHz to 120 kHz).
  • the frequency resolution in the frequency sweep (that is, the interval of the operating frequency f for storing the effective value Ie of the output current I) is, for example, 1 kHz.
  • the primary-side control unit 22 changes the characteristic of the primary-side LC circuit 24 so that the operating frequency f during steady-state operation is a fixed value (for example, 85 kHz, hereinafter referred to as “steady-frequency”) fs. A mode may be realized.
  • the primary side control unit 22 also serves as a characteristic adjustment unit. If this configuration is adopted, the frequency of noise generated by the non-contact power feeding device 2 during the steady operation becomes substantially constant, so that the above-described noise hardly affects other devices.
  • At least one of the capacitance of the primary side capacitor C1 and the inductance of the primary side coil L1 can be changed by the control of the primary side control unit 22. There is a need.
  • the primary side capacitor C1 As the primary side capacitor C1 whose capacitance can be changed by the control of the primary side control unit 22, in addition to a known varactor diode, for example, a configuration shown in FIG.
  • the primary side capacitor C1 in FIG. 8 includes two capacitors C11 and C12 having different capacitances and two switches QC1 and QC2 connected in series to the one capacitor C11 and C12, respectively.
  • a series circuit composed of one capacitor C11 and one switch QC1 and a series circuit composed of another capacitor C12 and another switch QC2 are connected in parallel to each other. .
  • the primary side coil L1 whose inductance can be changed by the control of the primary side control unit 22, for example, a configuration shown in FIG. 9 can be considered.
  • the primary coil L1 in FIG. 9 includes two coils L10 and L11 connected in series with each other, and a switch QL1 connected in parallel with one coil L11.
  • the above switches QC1, QC2 and QL1 are on / off controlled by the primary side control unit 22, respectively.
  • known semiconductor switches such as MOSFETs can be used.
  • the primary side control unit 22 causes the stationary frequency fs to be included in the frequency band of the slow mode.
  • the characteristics of the primary side LC circuit 24 are changed.
  • the capacitance of the primary side capacitor C1 is C
  • the inductance of the primary side coil L1 is L
  • the mutual inductance between the primary side coil L1 and the secondary side coil L2 is M.
  • the primary side control unit 22 increases the capacitance C and the inductance L in order to make the maximum frequency fr1 lower than the steady frequency fs.
  • the primary side control unit 22 increases the capacitance C and the inductance L in order to make the maximum frequency fr1 lower than the steady frequency fs.
  • the primary side control unit 22 lowers the capacitance C and the inductance L in order to make the frequency fr2 having the minimum value higher than the steady frequency fs.
  • the switch QC1 is turned off in the steady operation and the other switch is turned on. Turn on QC2.
  • the switch QL1 is turned off in the primary coil L1 during the characteristic estimation operation, the switch QL1 is turned on in the steady operation.
  • the frequency band of the slow-phase mode in the characteristic during the steady-state operation has the steady frequency fs. (That is, fr1 ⁇ fs ⁇ fr2).
  • the capacitance of the primary capacitor C1 can be changed in multiple stages.
  • the inductance of the primary side coil L1 can be changed in more stages.
  • a table stored in advance in the storage unit 26 may be used for determination of capacitance and inductance.
  • a known nonvolatile memory such as a read-only memory (so-called ROM: read only memory) or a flash memory can be used.
  • the above table shows the correspondence between the characteristics estimated during the characteristic estimation operation (specifically, for example, the frequency fr1 having the maximum value on the low frequency side) and the capacitance of the primary capacitor C1 and the inductance of the primary coil L1. Show.
  • parameters that indirectly indicate capacitance and inductance for example, ON / OFF states of the switches QC1, QC2, and QL1 may be shown instead of the numerical values of capacitance and inductance themselves.
  • the estimation of characteristics may be performed again.
  • the characteristic detected in the characteristic estimation operation may be an operation mode in a state where the operating frequency f is set to the steady frequency fs.
  • the primary side control unit 22 advances the operation mode based on the difference between the phase of the output voltage V of the AC power supply 21 and the phase of the output current I in a state where the operating frequency f is the steady frequency fs. Estimate whether phase mode or slow mode. More specifically, the primary side control unit 22 compares the timing at which the switching elements Q1 to Q4 of the inverter unit 211 are switched (that is, the phase of the drive signals S1 and S2) with the zero crossing timing of the output current I.
  • the primary side control unit 22 changes the characteristics of the primary side LC circuit 24 and then estimates the operation mode again.
  • the change of the characteristic of the primary side LC circuit 24 is achieved, for example, by changing at least one of the capacitance of the primary side capacitor C1 and the inductance of the primary side coil L1 as described above.
  • the primary side control unit 22 ends the characteristic estimation operation and shifts to a steady operation.
  • the control according to the estimated characteristic causes the above-mentioned in the steady operation. It is possible to suppress a decrease in efficiency due to characteristic fluctuations.
  • the effective value of the output voltage V of the AC power supply 21 is set lower during the characteristic estimation operation than during steady operation. As a result, electrical stress applied to the AC power supply 21 can be suppressed.
  • the non-contact power receiving device 3 of the present embodiment includes an electric circuit between the DC output ends of the rectifying unit 30 (that is, an electric circuit between both ends of the secondary coil L2 and does not include the output capacitor C3 and includes the rectifying unit 30.
  • An open / close unit 31 that opens and closes the electrical circuit
  • a secondary-side control unit 32 that controls the open / close unit 31.
  • the opening / closing unit 31 includes a series circuit of a resistor 310 and a switch 311 that is driven on and off by the secondary-side control unit 32.
  • the resistor 310 can be omitted if the allowable current of the switch 311 is sufficiently high.
  • the non-contact power feeding device 2 and the non-contact power receiving device 3 include communication units 23 and 33 that communicate with each other by a radio signal using radio waves as a medium, for example. Since such communication units 23 and 33 can be realized by a well-known technique, detailed description thereof is omitted.
  • the primary side control unit 22 controls the communication unit 23 to transmit an on signal that is a radio signal instructing to turn on the opening / closing unit 31.
  • the secondary side control unit 32 controls the switch 311 to turn on and closes the opening / closing unit 31.
  • the primary side control part 22 controls the communication part 23 at the time of the start of steady operation, and transmits the OFF signal which is a radio signal which instruct
  • the secondary side control unit 32 controls the switch 311 to be turned off to turn off (open) the opening / closing unit 31.
  • the opening / closing unit 31 may be provided before the rectifying unit 30.
  • an element such as a MOSFET that cuts off only in one direction is used as the switch 311 when provided in the subsequent stage of the rectifying unit 30. It is desirable because it can.
  • circuit component configuration and arrangement are not limited in any way.
  • the primary side control unit 22 does not necessarily need to be configured by one chip.
  • a circuit included in the primary side control unit 22 for example, there is a circuit corresponding to a power supply control unit.
  • a circuit corresponding to the power supply control unit there are a circuit for driving the switching elements Q1 to Q4 of the inverter unit 211, a circuit for driving the switches QE1 and QE2 of the DC power supply unit 210, and the like.
  • the circuit included in the primary side control unit 22 includes a circuit corresponding to a characteristic estimation unit.
  • a circuit corresponding to the characteristic estimation unit a circuit for estimating the maximum value frequency fr1 and the minimum value frequency fr2 from the frequency characteristics stored in the storage unit 26, or whether the operation mode is the fast phase mode or the slow phase mode is estimated. There is a circuit to do. Further, as a circuit included in the primary side control unit 22, in addition to the above, there is a circuit corresponding to the characteristic adjustment unit.
  • the circuit corresponding to the characteristic adjusting unit is specifically a circuit that drives the switches QC1, QC2, and QL1, for example. Circuits other than the above included in the primary side control unit 22 include a circuit that controls the communication unit 23.
  • the various circuits described above may be mounted on separate printed wiring boards when not integrated.
  • a circuit for driving the switching elements Q1 to Q4 of the inverter unit 211 and a circuit corresponding to the characteristic estimation unit may be mounted on separate printed wiring boards.
  • the current detection unit 25 may detect an input current from the DC power supply unit 210 to the inverter unit 211 as shown in FIG. 10 instead of detecting the output current I of the AC power supply 21 as shown in FIG. .
  • the characteristic estimated by the characteristic estimation operation is the operation mode (advanced phase mode or delayed phase mode)
  • detection of the output current I of the AC power source 21 as shown in FIG. Is desirable because it becomes easier.
  • the characteristic estimated by the characteristic estimation operation is a frequency characteristic
  • the configuration for obtaining the effective value Ie can be relatively simplified when the input current of the AC power supply 21 is detected as shown in FIG. desirable.
  • the primary side control unit 22 as the characteristic estimation unit estimates the characteristic of the primary side LC circuit 24 based on the current in the AC power source 21 (the output current I of the AC power source 21 or the input current of the AC power source 21). Also good.
  • the non-contact power receiving device 3 may be configured to detect the current and change the capacitance and inductance as performed in the non-contact power feeding device 2 in the above example. In this case, notification of the detected current and an instruction to change the capacitance or inductance are performed by communication via the communication units 23 and 33. However, it is desirable that the detection of current and the change of capacitance and inductance be performed by the non-contact power feeding device 2 because the configuration can be made relatively simple.
  • the primary side capacitor C1 may be incorporated in a capacity adjustment circuit 240 as shown in FIG.
  • the capacitance adjustment circuit 240 of FIG. 11 has four switching elements Q5 to Q8 each made of an n-channel and enhancement type MOSFET. Of the four switching elements Q5, the two switching elements Q5 and Q7 have their drains electrically connected to each other, and the other two switching elements Q6 and Q8 have their sources electrically connected to each other. Yes.
  • the source of one switching element Q5 among the switching elements Q5 and Q7 whose drains are electrically connected to each other is electrically connected to one output terminal of the AC power supply 21.
  • the drain of one switching element Q6 among the switching elements Q6 and Q8 whose sources are electrically connected to each other is also electrically connected to the one output terminal of the AC power supply 21.
  • the source of the other switching element Q7 among the switching elements Q5 and Q7 whose drains are electrically connected to each other is electrically connected to one end of the primary coil L1.
  • the drain of the other switching element Q8 among the switching elements Q6 and Q8 whose sources are electrically connected to each other is also electrically connected to the one end of the primary coil L1.
  • the primary side capacitor C1 is connected between the drains of the switching elements Q5 and Q7 whose drains are electrically connected to each other and the sources of the two switching elements Q6 and Q8 whose sources are electrically connected to each other.
  • the primary side control unit 22 drives the switching element Q5 whose source is connected to the AC power supply 21 and the switching element Q8 whose drain is connected to the primary side coil L1 by a third drive signal G3 that is common to each other. Further, the primary side control unit 22 drives the switching element Q6 whose drain is connected to the AC power source 21 and the switching element Q7 whose source is connected to the primary side coil L1 by the fourth drive signal G4 that is common to each other.
  • the third drive signal G3 and the fourth drive signal G4 are rectangular waves each having a duty ratio of about 50%, and the phase of the third drive signal G3 and the phase of the fourth drive signal G4 are different by 180 degrees. .
  • the third drive signal G3 and the fourth drive signal G4 are alternately at the H level.
  • the second state is repeated alternately.
  • the output current I passes through the primary capacitor C1 during the period when the output voltage V of the AC power supply 21 is positive.
  • the output current I includes the switching element Q8 whose drain is connected to the primary coil L1 and the drain to the AC power supply 21. It passes through the parasitic diode of the connected switching element Q6. That is, in the first state, the output current I does not pass through the primary capacitor C1 during the period when the output voltage V of the AC power supply 21 is negative.
  • the output current I does not pass through the parasitic diode of the switching element Q5 and the primary capacitor C1 during the period when the output voltage V of the AC power supply 21 is positive.
  • the output current I passes through the primary side capacitor C1.
  • the primary control unit 22 can reduce reactive power by appropriately adjusting the phase difference between the first drive signal G1 and the third drive signal G3.
  • the capacitance adjusting circuit 240 is realized by using two double gate type bidirectional switches Q9 and Q10 as shown in FIG. 12 instead of using the four switching elements Q5 to Q8 as described above. May be.
  • the bidirectional switches Q9 and Q10 have two gates, and function as diodes in the direction corresponding to the gate whose input is at the H level when only the input to one gate is at the H level. To do.
  • one bidirectional switch Q9 is connected in series with the capacitor C1 between the AC power source 21 and the primary side coil L1
  • the other bidirectional switch Q10 includes the one bidirectional switch Q9 and the capacitor C1. Are connected in parallel to the series circuit.
  • the third drive is performed so that the conduction directions of the two bidirectional switches Q9 and Q10 are opposite to each other in both the first state and the second state.
  • the signal G3 and the fourth drive signal G4 are input to different gates.
  • the operating frequency f in the frequency sweep of the characteristic estimation operation, is changed in a range including at least the maximum frequency fr1 and the minimum frequency fr2 on the low frequency side. .
  • the range of frequencies that can be used in the wireless power supply system 1 may be limited by laws and standards.
  • the operating frequency f in the frequency sweep of the characteristic estimation operation, cannot be changed in the above range, and the frequency characteristic of the primary side LC circuit 24 may not be estimated. There is.
  • the contactless power feeding system 1 of the present embodiment is characterized in that the frequency characteristic of the primary side LC circuit 24 can be estimated by the characteristic estimation operation even when the usable frequency range is limited.
  • the characteristics of the non-contact power feeding system 1 of the present embodiment will be described in detail.
  • the lowest frequency in the usable frequency range is ‘fl1’ and the highest frequency is ‘fl2’ (fl1 ⁇ f ⁇ fl2).
  • the usable frequency range is, for example, a frequency range centered on 85 kHz.
  • the primary side control unit 22 as a characteristic estimation unit performs a first process, a second process, and a third process in the characteristic estimation operation.
  • the first process is a process of estimating a frequency characteristic (hereinafter referred to as “first characteristic”) in the usable frequency range of the primary side LC circuit 24 by performing a frequency sweep in the usable frequency range. It is.
  • the first process executes a frequency sweep that detects a measurement value related to the characteristics of the primary side LC circuit 24 a plurality of times while gradually changing the frequency of the output voltage V of the AC power supply 21 in a predetermined frequency range. In this way, the first characteristic of the primary side LC circuit 24 is estimated.
  • the measured value is the effective value Ie of the output current I of the AC power supply 21.
  • FIGS. 13A to 13D Examples of the first characteristic estimated by the first process are shown in FIGS. 13A to 13D.
  • the operation mode is estimated as the phase advance mode.
  • the operation mode is estimated to be the slow mode.
  • FIG. 13C when the effective value Ie of the output current I increases and then decreases as the frequency increases in the first characteristic, the operation mode shifts from the advanced phase mode to the delayed phase mode. Mode (hereinafter referred to as “first transition mode”).
  • first transition mode when the effective value Ie of the output current I decreases after the frequency increases in the first characteristic and then increases, the operation mode shifts from the slow phase mode to the fast phase mode. Mode (hereinafter referred to as “second transition mode”).
  • the primary control unit 22 is in any mode of the low-frequency-side phase advance mode and the high-frequency-side phase advance mode. It is difficult to estimate.
  • the primary side control unit 22 is in any mode of the low-frequency side slow mode and the high-frequency side slow mode. It is difficult to estimate.
  • the primary side control unit 22 executes the second process after the first process.
  • the second process is a process of changing at least one of the capacitance of the primary side capacitor C1 and the inductance of the primary side coil L1. Since the method for changing the capacitance of the primary side capacitor C1 or the inductance of the primary side coil L1 has already been described in the first embodiment, the description thereof is omitted here.
  • FIGS. 14A and 14B show changes in frequency characteristics of the primary side LC circuit 24 when the capacitance of the primary side capacitor C1 is changed.
  • FIG. 14A shows a case where there are two local maximum values, and the frequency characteristic before changing the capacitance of the primary side capacitor C1 is indicated by a first curve FC1.
  • FC1 the frequency characteristic of the primary side LC circuit 24 shifts from the first curve FC1 to the second curve FC2.
  • FIG. 14A when the capacitance of the primary side capacitor C1 is reduced, the frequency characteristic of the primary side LC circuit 24 shifts from the first curve FC1 to the third curve FC3.
  • FIG. 14B shows a case where there is only one maximum value, and the frequency characteristic before changing the capacitance of the primary side capacitor C1 is indicated by a fourth curve FC4.
  • the frequency characteristic of the primary side LC circuit 24 shifts from the fourth curve FC4 to the fifth curve FC5.
  • the frequency characteristic of the primary side LC circuit 24 shifts from the fourth curve FC4 to the sixth curve FC6.
  • the primary-side control unit 22 estimates the frequency characteristic (hereinafter referred to as “second characteristic”) in the usable frequency range of the primary-side LC circuit 24 by performing a frequency sweep after the second process.
  • the third process is executed.
  • the primary side control unit 22 in the second process at least one of the capacitance of the primary side capacitor C1 and the inductance of the primary side coil L1 by an amount corresponding to the first characteristic. It has changed. And the primary side control part 22 determines the value of the capacitance of the primary side capacitor
  • the third process includes a process of performing frequency sweep and a process of determining whether or not the operation mode is the slow phase mode based on the estimated second characteristic.
  • the primary side control unit 22 performs a frequency sweep in order to estimate the frequency characteristic changed from the first characteristic to the second characteristic by the second process.
  • the primary side control part 22 determines whether an operation mode is a late phase mode based on the estimated 2nd characteristic.
  • the primary side control unit 22 ends the characteristic estimation operation.
  • the primary side control part 22 performs a 2nd process again, when it determines with an operation mode being a phase advance mode. That is, the primary side control unit 22 repeats the second process and the third process until it determines that the operation mode is the slow phase mode.
  • the primary side control unit 22 determines the capacitance value of the capacitor C1 when it is estimated from the first characteristic that the operation mode is the phase advance mode (see FIG. 13A), the primary side control unit 22 reduces the capacitance of the primary side capacitor C1 in the second process, and then performs the third process. Execute. When it is estimated from the second characteristic estimated by the third process that the operation mode is the phase advance mode again, the primary side control unit 22 determines that the changed operation mode is the phase advance mode on the low frequency side. presume.
  • the primary side control unit 22 sets the capacitance of the primary side capacitor C1 to be larger than the initial value so that the operation mode becomes the low-frequency side slow-phase mode, and ends the characteristic estimation operation. Thereby, the value of the capacitance of the primary side capacitor C1 is set to a value larger than the initial value.
  • the primary-side control unit 22 indicates that the changed operation mode is the low-frequency side slow-phase mode. Estimated. In this case, the primary side control unit 22 ends the characteristic estimation operation. That is, the value of the capacitance of the primary side capacitor C1 is set to an initial value.
  • the primary side control unit 22 increases the capacitance of the primary side capacitor C1 in the second process, and then 3 processes are executed.
  • the primary side control unit 22 estimates that the changed operation mode is the high frequency side slow phase mode. To do. Then, the primary-side control unit 22 sets the capacitance of the primary-side capacitor C1 to be smaller than the initial value so that the operation mode becomes the low-frequency side slow-phase mode, and ends the characteristic estimation operation.
  • the primary side control unit 22 sets the operation mode before the change to the low frequency side. Estimated to be in late phase mode. And the primary side control part 22 returns the capacitance of the primary side capacitor
  • the primary side control unit 22 increases the capacitance of the primary side capacitor C1 in the second process, and then The third process is executed. If it is estimated from the second characteristic estimated by the third process that the operation mode is the slow phase mode or the second transition mode, the primary side control unit 22 determines that the operation mode before the change is the first on the low frequency side. Estimated to be in transition mode. Then, the primary side control unit 22 sets the capacitance of the primary side capacitor C1 to be larger than the initial value so that the operation mode becomes the low-frequency side slow-phase mode, and ends the characteristic estimation operation.
  • the primary side control unit 22 determines that the changed operation mode is the high frequency side slow phase mode. presume. Then, the primary-side control unit 22 sets the capacitance of the primary-side capacitor C1 to be smaller than the initial value so that the operation mode becomes the low-frequency side slow-phase mode, and ends the characteristic estimation operation.
  • the primary-side control unit 22 when it is estimated from the first characteristic that the operation mode is the second transition mode (see FIG. 13D), the primary-side control unit 22 is configured so that the operation mode becomes the low-frequency side slow-phase mode. The capacitance of the primary side capacitor C1 is reduced, and the characteristic estimation operation ends.
  • the primary control unit 22 determines the inductance value of the primary coil L1
  • the primary side control unit 22 changes the inductance of the primary side coil L1 in the second process, and then executes the third process.
  • the primary side control part 22 changes the inductance of the primary side coil L1, and complete
  • the characteristic estimation operation for changing the inductance of the primary side coil L1 the following may be read in the characteristic estimation operation for changing the capacitance of the primary side capacitor C1.
  • the capacitance of the primary side capacitor C1 is made larger than the initial value
  • the inductance of the primary side coil L1 is made smaller than the initial value
  • “make the capacitance of the primary side capacitor C1 smaller than the initial value” may be read as “make the inductance of the primary side coil L1 larger than the initial value”.
  • the primary side control unit 22 as the characteristic estimation unit executes the first process, the second process, and the third process in the characteristic estimation operation. Yes.
  • the primary side control unit 22 changes at least one of the capacitance of the primary side capacitor C1 and the inductance of the primary side coil L1 by an amount corresponding to the first characteristic.
  • the non-contact electric power feeding system 1 of this embodiment can estimate the frequency characteristic of the primary side LC circuit 24 by characteristic estimation operation
  • the primary side control unit 22 sets at least one of the capacitance of the primary side capacitor C1 and the inductance of the primary side coil L1 as a value according to the second characteristic. For this reason, the non-contact power feeding system 1 of the present embodiment changes the frequency characteristics of the primary side LC circuit 24 so that the operation mode becomes the lag mode even when the usable frequency range is limited. Can do.
  • the primary side control unit 22 performs the second process and the third process once each, but may perform the process a plurality of times.
  • the characteristic estimation operation executed by the primary side control unit 22 is different from that of the contactless power feeding system 1 of the second embodiment. That is, in the non-contact power feeding system 1 of the present embodiment, the primary side control unit 22 changes at least one of the capacitance of the primary side capacitor C1 and the inductance of the primary side coil L1 by a predetermined amount in the second process. Yes. Moreover, in the non-contact electric power feeding system 1 of this embodiment, the primary side control part 22 respond
  • the primary side control unit 22 After executing the first process, the primary side control unit 22 reduces the capacitance of the primary side capacitor C1 in the second process, and then executes the third process. And the primary side control part 22 performs a 2nd process and a 3rd process alternately, making the capacitance of the primary side capacitor
  • the frequency characteristic of the primary side LC circuit 24 has two maximum values, the first characteristic and the second characteristic as shown in FIG. 15 are estimated.
  • a curve S1 indicates the first characteristic estimated by the first process.
  • curves S2 to S5 each indicate the second characteristic estimated by the third process.
  • the primary side control unit 22 places the primary side capacitor C1 so that the usable frequency range is located between the second characteristic represented by the curve S2 and the second characteristic represented by the curve S3. The capacitance is adjusted, and the characteristic estimation operation is terminated.
  • a curve S6 shows the first characteristic estimated by the first process.
  • curves S7 to S10 each indicate the second characteristic estimated by the third process.
  • the primary-side control unit 22 places the primary-side capacitor C1 so that the usable frequency range is located between the second characteristic represented by the curve S8 and the second characteristic represented by the curve S10. The capacitance is adjusted, and the characteristic estimation operation is terminated.
  • the primary side control unit 22 as the characteristic estimation unit has at least one of the capacitance of the primary side capacitor C1 and the inductance of the primary side coil L1 in the second process. Is changed by a predetermined amount. For this reason, the non-contact electric power feeding system 1 of this embodiment can estimate the frequency characteristic of the primary side LC circuit 24 by characteristic estimation operation
  • the primary side control unit 22 determines at least one of the capacitance of the primary side capacitor C1 and the inductance of the primary side coil L1 according to the first characteristic and the second characteristic. Value. For this reason, the non-contact power feeding system 1 of the present embodiment changes the frequency characteristics of the primary side LC circuit 24 so that the operation mode becomes the lag mode even when the usable frequency range is limited. Can do.
  • the primary side control unit 22 alternately executes the second process and the third process a plurality of times, but each of the second process and the third process is 1 It may be executed only once.
  • the effective value Ie of the output current I of the AC power supply 21 is a measured value related to the characteristics of the primary side LC circuit 24, but other values are used. May be.
  • a representative value (a peak value, an average value, etc.) other than the effective value Ie of the output current I of the AC power supply 21 may be used as the measurement value.
  • the phase difference between the phase of the output current I of the AC power supply 21 and the phase of the output voltage V of the AC power supply 21 may be used as the measurement value.
  • an input current of the AC power source 21 an input current from the DC power source unit 210 to the inverter unit 211 or an input power of the AC power source 21 may be used as the measurement value.
  • the primary side coil L1 and the secondary side coil L2 may be solenoid type coils or spiral type coils.
  • the solenoid type coil is a coil that is formed in a spiral shape by winding a conducting wire.
  • a spiral type coil is a coil formed by winding a conducting wire in a spiral shape around an arbitrary point, and is also called a circular type coil.
  • the shape of the spiral coil in plan view is not limited to a circular shape, and may be, for example, an elliptical shape or a rectangular shape.
  • the spiral type coil has the advantage that unnecessary radiation noise is less likely to occur than the solenoid type coil.
  • the use of the spiral type coil has the advantage that unnecessary radiation noise is reduced and the operating frequency range usable in the inverter unit 211 is expanded.
  • the resonance characteristics of the non-contact power feeding systems in Embodiments 1 to 3 change according to the coupling coefficient k between the primary side coil L1 and the secondary side coil L2.
  • the coupling coefficient k is 0.15 or more
  • the maximum value is generated in two places, and the minimum value is generated between the two maximum values.
  • the resonance characteristic in the non-contact power supply system shows a so-called bimodal characteristic in which two maximum values are generated in the output as shown in FIG.
  • two “mountains” in which the output becomes maximum are generated at each of the maximum frequency fr1 on the low frequency side and the maximum frequency fr3 on the high frequency side.
  • a “valley” in which the output is minimized at the frequency fr2 of the minimum value occurs. That is, the frequencies fr1, fr2, and fr3 have a relationship of fr1 ⁇ fr2 ⁇ fr3.
  • a frequency region lower than the frequency fr2 is referred to as a “low frequency region”
  • a frequency region higher than the frequency fr2 is referred to as a “high frequency region”.
  • an inverter is provided in each of a low frequency region (a mountain region where the frequency fr1 is a maximum) and a high frequency region (a mountain region where the frequency fr3 is a maximum).
  • a region where the unit 211 operates in the slow phase mode (hereinafter referred to as “slow phase region”) occurs. Therefore, the inverter unit 211 can operate in the slow phase mode regardless of whether the operating frequency f is in the high frequency region or the low frequency region.
  • the current flowing through the primary coil L1 and the current flowing through the secondary coil L2 are in phase.
  • the current flowing through the primary coil L1 and the current flowing through the secondary coil L2 are in opposite phases. Therefore, in the low frequency region, the unnecessary radiation noise generated in the primary coil L1 and the unnecessary radiation noise generated in the secondary coil L2 cancel each other. Noise is reduced. That is, unnecessary radiation noise of the non-contact power feeding system can be reduced when the operating frequency f of the inverter unit 211 is in the low frequency region than when it is in the high frequency region. Therefore, if the operating frequency f of the inverter unit 211 is in the slow phase region (fr1 ⁇ f ⁇ fr2) in the low frequency region, the inverter unit 211 operates in the slow phase mode and unnecessary radiation noise is reduced.
  • the slow phase region of the low frequency region changes in accordance with the coupling coefficient k between the primary side coil L1 and the secondary side coil L2.
  • the operating frequency f of the inverter unit 211 needs to be stored in a slow phase region that varies according to the coupling coefficient k in order to reduce unnecessary radiation noise of the non-contact power feeding system.
  • the spiral type coil is less likely to generate unwanted radiation noise than the solenoid type coil. Therefore, when the spiral type coil is employed, unnecessary radiation noise is reduced even when the operating frequency f of the inverter unit 211 is stored in the slow phase region (f> fr3) of the high frequency region as compared with the case where the solenoid type coil is employed. Can be reduced. Therefore, when the spiral type coil is employed, the operating frequency f of the inverter unit 211 may be stored in either the low frequency region or the slow phase region of the high frequency region. The range expands.
  • the slow phase region in the high frequency region also changes according to the coupling coefficient k, but if the operating frequency f of the inverter unit 211 is swept from a sufficiently high frequency to a low frequency side, the operating frequency f becomes the slow phase region in the high frequency region. Pass through. For this reason, the operating frequency f of the inverter unit 211 can be kept in the slow phase region of the high frequency region without complicated control.

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Abstract

　L'invention concerne un dispositif d'alimentation électrique sans contact au moyen duquel il est possible de supprimer une réduction de l'efficacité en raison de la relation de position entre une bobine primaire et une bobine secondaire. L'invention concerne également un système d'alimentation électrique sans contact dans lequel ledit dispositif est utilisé. Un dispositif d'alimentation électrique sans contact (2) comporte un circuit LC primaire (24) qui comprend une bobine primaire (L1) et un condensateur primaire (C1), une source d'énergie en courant alternatif (21) pour l'application d'une puissance électrique en courant alternatif au circuit LC primaire (24), et une unité de commande primaire (22) pour la commande de la source d'énergie en courant alternatif (21). Quand la source d'énergie en courant alternatif (21) est démarrée et avant que le fonctionnement normal commence, l'unité de commande primaire (22) procède à une opération d'estimation de propriétés pour l'estimation des propriétés du circuit LC primaire (24) tout en commandant la source d'énergie en courant alternatif (21) de sorte que la valeur efficace de la tension de sortie (V) soit inférieure à la tension de sortie pendant le fonctionnement normal.
PCT/JP2015/002603 2014-05-27 2015-05-22 Dispositif d'alimentation électrique sans contact et système d'alimentation électrique sans contact dans lequel il est utilisé WO2015182097A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2014-109513 2014-05-27
JP2014109513 2014-05-27
JP2014-197092 2014-09-26
JP2014197092 2014-09-26

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2017216816A (ja) * 2016-05-31 2017-12-07 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 非接触給電装置、プログラム、非接触給電装置の制御方法、及び非接触電力伝送システム
JP2017216817A (ja) * 2016-05-31 2017-12-07 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 非接触給電装置、プログラム、非接触給電装置の制御方法、及び非接触電力伝送システム

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JP2012010546A (ja) * 2010-06-28 2012-01-12 Equos Research Co Ltd 非接触送電システム、非接触送電装置、およびインピーダンスの調整方法
JP2012157127A (ja) * 2011-01-25 2012-08-16 Meidensha Corp 非接触給電装置および非接触給電方法
WO2012111085A1 (fr) * 2011-02-15 2012-08-23 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Appareil de réception de courant sans contact, véhicule dans lequel est monté l'appareil de réception de courant sans contact, équipement d'alimentation en courant sans contact, procédé de commande d'un appareil de réception de courant sans contact et procédé de commande d'un équipement d'alimentation en courant sans contact
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JP2017216816A (ja) * 2016-05-31 2017-12-07 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 非接触給電装置、プログラム、非接触給電装置の制御方法、及び非接触電力伝送システム
JP2017216817A (ja) * 2016-05-31 2017-12-07 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 非接触給電装置、プログラム、非接触給電装置の制御方法、及び非接触電力伝送システム

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