WO2015176705A1 - Robuster, bauraumoptimierter kühlmantel für eine elektrische maschine - Google Patents
Robuster, bauraumoptimierter kühlmantel für eine elektrische maschine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015176705A1 WO2015176705A1 PCT/DE2015/000268 DE2015000268W WO2015176705A1 WO 2015176705 A1 WO2015176705 A1 WO 2015176705A1 DE 2015000268 W DE2015000268 W DE 2015000268W WO 2015176705 A1 WO2015176705 A1 WO 2015176705A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- cooling jacket
- cooling
- coolant
- cover
- jacket
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
- H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
- H02K5/18—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with ribs or fins for improving heat transfer
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
- H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
- H02K5/20—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
- H02K5/203—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium specially adapted for liquids, e.g. cooling jackets
Definitions
- the invention relates to a cooling jacket for mounting on an outer side of an electrical machine, such as an electric generator or an electric motor, with a cover, which is arranged so spaced from the cooling jacket, that between the cooling jacket and the cover a coolant space is formed for receiving a coolant ,
- Such a cooling jacket is known from an earlier (not yet published) German patent application of the applicant.
- a cooling system for an electric, in particular dynamoelectric machine which has a cooling jacket for mounting on an outer circumference of a stator of the dynamoelectric machine and a housing for receiving the stator with the cooling jacket attached thereto.
- the housing accommodates the stator together with the cooling jacket such that a cavity which can be filled with a liquid coolant medium remains between an outer wall of the cooling jacket and an inner wall of the housing.
- an inlet opening for the inlet of the cooling medium into an inlet area and an outlet opening for outlet of the cooling medium from an outlet area of the cavity are arranged on the housing.
- An exemplary application for such a cooling jacket or an electric machine equipped therewith is, for example, in a hybrid module of a modern motor vehicle with hybrid drive, such as a car, a truck or another commercial vehicle.
- the hybrid drive can be designed, for example, as a so-called micro, mild or full hybrid.
- Common to these embodiments is that in comparison to conventionally powered vehicles with an internal combustion engine / an internal combustion engine more electrical energy either to power an electrical energy storage device generated by a generator or must be delivered to drive the motor vehicle by an electric motor.
- comparatively more heat is generated at the electric machine, which is to be dissipated by the cooling medium located in the cooling jacket, for example, to a heat exchanger. In this way, the electric machine is cooled or cooled.
- the cooling jacket in its circumferential and / or axial direction in any way restricted or its size must be limited, so as to provide additional space for an adjacent component or an adjacent assembly of, for example, the hybrid module.
- the coolant space formed between the cooling jacket and the cover element or housing is restricted at least locally, in particular in the form of a constriction.
- this has proven to be disadvantageous for the cooling or cooling of the electrical machine, since locally less or, in the worst case, no coolant can flow or circulate through the coolant space at these restrictions or constrictions.
- the velocity distribution in the axial direction of the cooling jacket behaves strongly inhomogeneous or uneven, since the coolant must first avoid the bottleneck and then does not flow again in the flow shadow of the constriction on the preferred flow path.
- the disadvantageous result is a temporary derating of the electric machine caused by control technology, namely a so-called "derating" of the electric machine until the overheated regions of the electric machine have fallen back to an acceptable operating temperature, which can be disadvantageous, for example, for energy efficiency, ride comfort or worst case on the driving safety of the motor vehicle.
- the object of the present invention is to eliminate or at least mitigate these disadvantages. Furthermore, the object is to provide a cooling jacket for an electrical machine, in which using comparatively simple design means a comparatively efficient cooling can be achieved in the smallest possible space.
- This object is achieved in a generic cooling jacket according to the invention that the cooling jacket in the region of the coolant chamber has a plurality of radially extending in the radial direction of the cooling jacket and extending substantially in the circumferential direction of the cooling jacket cooling fins, the at least one local fin recess with at least one support element arranged therein has to support the sheet-shaped cover member.
- the cooling jacket has a plurality of preferably circumferentially extending cooling fins, which form a comparatively large surface for a heat transfer to the coolant.
- the cooling jacket has at least at this point or position on a local, ie spatially limited cooling fin recess.
- a local cooling rib recess is to be understood as meaning that the multiplicity of cooling ribs in a specific or definable, in particular spatially limited region of the cooling jacket is not continuous, but is excepted or removed in this spatially limited area, so that the cooling ribs There project in the radial direction less far from the cooling jacket and / or its peripheral surface as in the non-recessed or recessed areas.
- the cooling fins can be recessed or removed down to the circumferential surface of the cooling jacket.
- this may have at least one support member for supporting the sheet-shaped cover member in the local fin recess.
- the at least one support element is formed flattened relative to the cooling ribs or protrudes less in the radial direction of the cooling jacket. In this way, it can be avoided that the cover element deforms so strongly in the region of the cooling rib recess due to a deformation of the sheet-like cover element that the flow of the coolant located in the coolant space is impaired.
- the at least one support element acts as a spacer between a cooling jacket base and the sheet-shaped cover to ensure a flow-through coolant chamber.
- cooling jacket or an electric machine equipped therewith can also be used or installed where comparatively little (installation) space is available.
- a conceivable area of use is, for example, an engine compartment of a motor vehicle, in which, due to aggregates or ancillary components of the motor vehicle, comparatively limited space is available.
- the spatial and / or geometric fixing of the at least one cooling rib recess along the cooling jacket periphery can be effected as a function of neighboring components or neighboring assemblies of the cooling jacket or of an electric machine equipped therewith.
- two or more cooling rib recesses distributed over the circumference of the cooling jacket may also be provided.
- the sheet-like cover member such as in the manner of a sheet-like housing or a housing portion may preferably surround the cooling jacket and in particular also be arranged on this, that formed by the cooling jacket and this preferably surrounding cover coolant space is completed at least substantially fluid-tight.
- the cover element may be designed and / or arranged such that it rests against the cooling ribs in the non-recessed region in order to form one or more coolant channels extending in the circumferential direction of the cooling jacket in this way.
- a suitable coolant for example from the coolant circuit of an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, can be introduced.
- This coolant can circulate within the coolant space, absorb heat emitted by the cooling jacket and deliver it to a heat exchanger arranged outside the coolant space so as to defrost or cool an electric machine equipped with the cooling jacket.
- This cooling or cooling is carried out by the at least one cooling fin and thus relatively large, umströmbare surface particularly effective.
- a particularly advantageous effect of the cooling jacket according to the invention is that, despite a local reduction of the outer dimensions of the cooling jacket or the construction space thus claimed, the coolant is not prevented from flowing through the coolant space due to the cooling rib recess or even blocked. In this way, a largely constant flow distribution is maintained even in the comparatively narrowed region of the cooling jacket. Ergo the formation of overheated areas of the electric machine is avoided, which are also referred to in English as hotspots. The means that on the one hand effective cooling of the electric machine is achieved and on the other hand relatively much space is saved. The resources available are thus used efficiently.
- the at least one support element extends substantially in the circumferential direction and / or parallel to the plurality of cooling ribs.
- this also has a particularly favorable effect on the flow of the coolant.
- the at least one support element may also be punctiform. It is also possible that only a few of a plurality of support elements are punctiform.
- the cooling jacket can be made even more robust if a multiplicity of supporting elements are distributed in the axial direction of the cooling jacket. These can also be distributed equidistant to each other over the axial direction of the cooling jacket.
- the plurality of support elements can also be varied according to requirements or empirical values for the deformation behavior of the cover element under certain operating conditions or in specific installation positions.
- a further advantageous embodiment provides that the at least one support element is formed integrally with the cooling jacket, or is formed integrally with the cover, or is formed as a separate component from the cooling jacket and the cover.
- the at least one support element is formed integrally with the cooling jacket, or is formed integrally with the cover, or is formed as a separate component from the cooling jacket and the cover.
- the at least one support element is designed as a separate component, it is advantageous if the support element is positively, positively and / or materially connected to either the cover or the cooling jacket or both components. As a particularly advantageous in terms of mountability, a cohesive connection has proven in the form of an adhesive bond.
- the at least one support element in the circumferential direction the cooling jacket extends like a bridge between at least one of the recessed cooling fins.
- individual coolant passages formed between the individual cooling ribs are also developed in the region of the cooling rib recess.
- a particularly large amount of installation space can be saved by the cooling rib recess if the covering element has a geometrically adapted and / or following shape to the at least one local cooling rib recess, wherein the covering element can be brought into contact with the at least one supporting element.
- the cover in the region of at least one local fin recess for example, by a forming manufacturing process, such as bending, cold / hot forming, deep drawing or forging, or a machining production process, such as milling, to the predetermined by the at least one local fin recess shape or geometry can be adjusted.
- cooling jacket with a cover element formed in this way offers a relatively large number of structural design options, for example in a space-limited engine compartment of a motor vehicle or wherever comparatively little installation space is available for an electric machine with a cooling jacket.
- the at least one local cooling rib recess is stepped in the axial direction of the cooling jacket.
- Such a gradation in the axial direction can be realized in that in different axial sections of the cooling jacket different amounts of material from the at least one cooling fin and / or the cooling jacket peripheral surface is recessed or removed or removed.
- the gradation in the axial direction can be, for example, groove, bead, stair, ramp and / or bag-shaped.
- edge regions of the recess can be chamfered.
- the cooling fin ends upstream and / or downstream of the at least one cooling fin recess may also be chamfered or flattened.
- the cooling jacket has an inlet opening and / or an outlet opening for introducing and / or discharging the coolant.
- These can be designed, for example, each in the form of a nozzle.
- this can be so arranged or positioned on the circumference of the cooling jacket, that the coolant introduced via the inlet opening substantially flows around the entire circumference of the cooling jacket, that covers approximately 360 ° before it is discharged via the outlet opening and, for example, a heat exchanger for Heat output is supplied to the outside.
- a barrier element may also be arranged between the inlet opening and the outlet opening, so that the flow path of the coolant is positively controlled and is approximately 360 °.
- the at least one cooling rib recess is positioned as a function of the inlet opening and / or the outlet opening.
- it may be stipulated as a condition that the at least one cooling rib recess or the local constriction of the outer dimensions of the cooling jacket which can be realized thereby are spaced apart from the inlet opening and / or the outlet opening. This has a positive effect on the flow behavior of the coolant in an inlet region assigned to the inlet opening and in an outlet region assigned to the outlet opening.
- a further advantageous embodiment variant of the invention provides that the coolant space formed by the at least one local cooling rib recess and the cover element has a height which is largely constant in the axial direction of the cooling jacket. This can for example be achieved in that the cooling fin recess in the axial direction of the cooling jacket is homogeneous, that is not stepped, is formed.
- One in axial Direction of the cooling jacket constant height of the coolant chamber can also be achieved by a corresponding shape of the cover. In any case, this has an advantageous effect on the fluid mechanical conditions of a coolant in the coolant space.
- the at least one local cooling rib recess is formed by means of a metal-cutting manufacturing process, such as milling.
- the cooling jacket according to the invention can be used particularly advantageously in a hybrid module with an electrical machine of a motor vehicle, which has a stator on which the cooling jacket is fixed in place.
- the cooling jacket can be pressed or shrunk, for example, for example.
- the present invention can solve the problem of local space constrictions in the area of the cooling fins of a cooling jacket for an electric machine provided therewith.
- the possible coolant flow cross-section is homogenized at the circumferential position of the local space narrowing.
- the coolant cross-section in the axial direction of the cooling jacket is correspondingly uniformly restricted by radial restrictions of the installation space.
- a cover member may follow the surface of the cooling jacket accordingly. A homogeneous material removal on the cooling jacket over the axial length is not necessary for this purpose.
- the cover element can be deformed in such a way that a substantially constant gap height in the axial direction in the region of the locally restricted space narrowing is realized. By omitting the cooling fins, the coolant is no longer prevented in this area at the flow. In this case, the bottleneck or space constriction can be spaced from an inlet and / or outlet for the coolant.
- the sheet-shaped cover at least in this narrowed area by at least one support element to stabilize or support.
- This support element can a Be auxiliary web, which run in the circumferential direction of the cooling jacket, or a local, possibly punctiform survey.
- the support member may preferably be machined from the material of the cooling jacket or the cover member, or for example also be glued to this.
- the support of the sheet-metal cover element does not necessarily have to be limited to areas of local space narrowing, but always offers itself where there are areas in which the sheet-shaped cover is guided over (cooling) rib-less areas of the cooling jacket.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a partial section of an electric machine with a cooling jacket arranged thereon, on which no cover element is arranged for better illustration,
- FIG. 2 shows a cross section through the cooling jacket of FIG. 1 in its axial direction along the section line II-II, with a covering element arranged thereon, and
- the electric machine 1 shows in a perspective view a partial section of an electrical machine 1 with a stator 2 shown by way of indication, on the outside of which a space-optimized cooling jacket 3 for cooling or cooling the electric machine 1 is arranged.
- the electric machine 1 to be cooled is, for example, an electric generator or an electric motor in a hybrid module of a motor vehicle.
- the cooling jacket 3 has a substantially cylindrically shaped, hollow cooling jacket main body 4, of which only a partial section in the circumferential direction is shown in FIG.
- the cooling jacket base body 4 is made of a highly thermally conductive, metallic material.
- the cooling jacket main body 4 is circumferentially applied to the stator 2 of the electric machine 1 to be cooled around.
- the cooling jacket base body 4 is shrunk onto the stator 2 of the electric machine 1 and thus fixed or fixed thereto.
- a cover 5 is arranged, which is shown in Fig. 1 only partially in the left edge of the picture.
- the cover 5 is made as a kind of cover sheet of a metallic sheet material.
- the cover 5 is arranged so that it surrounds the cooling jacket main body 4 circumferentially and is spaced therefrom to form a radial clearance.
- a coolant chamber 6 is formed between the cooling jacket base body 4 and the cover 5.
- a coolant for example from a coolant circuit of an internal combustion engine of the motor vehicle, can be supplied to this coolant chamber 6 via an inlet opening (not illustrated) and via an outlet opening (likewise not shown).
- the inlet opening and the outlet opening are arranged on the radial circumference of the cooling jacket 3, that the initially introduced coolant flows substantially around the entire circumference of the cooling jacket 3, that covers about 360 ° in the circumferential direction, before it again via the outlet opening flows out and possibly flows into a heat exchanger.
- the cooling jacket 3 has a multiplicity of cooling ribs 7 which protrude in the radial direction of the cooling jacket 3 or perpendicularly from its cooling jacket base body 4, so as to form as large a surface as possible for dissipating the heat of the electrical machine 1 ,
- the plurality of cooling fins 7 is thus arranged between the cooling jacket base body 4 and the surrounding cover member 5, wherein the cover member is supported in this embodiment on the individual of the plurality of cooling fins 7 adjacent.
- the plurality of cooling fins 7 extend substantially in the circumferential direction of the cooling jacket 3.
- the individual of the plurality of cooling fins 7 are arranged distributed parallel to one another and over the axial length of the cooling jacket 3.
- the individual of the plurality of cooling fins 7 are each spaced from each other, coolant channels 8 are formed between them, through which flow the coolant and thus the cooling fins 7 can flow around a large area. Furthermore, it can be seen in FIG. 1 that the plurality of cooling fins 7 for space optimization or space saving in a partial section in the circumferential direction of the cooling jacket 3 are recessed over the axial length thereof and a cooling rib recess 9 is formed in this way. That is, the circumferentially extending plurality of cooling fins 7 is interrupted locally, that is, in a circumferentially limited portion. In this way, the outer dimensions of the cooling jacket 3 and the electrical machine 1 equipped therewith can be reduced at least in the radial direction of the same.
- the claimed installation space of the electric machine 1 can be reduced at least in the area of the cooling rib recess 9.
- the cooling rib recess 9 is designed so that in this section in the circumferential direction over the axial length of the cooling jacket 3, the plurality of cooling fins 7 down to a peripheral base surface 10 of the cooling jacket base 4 are removed or removed. This is realized by a machining process, which is milling in this embodiment.
- At least one support element 11 is provided for the support of the cover element 5.
- Such a deformation can be effected for example by a force applied by a neighboring component on the cover 5 force.
- a total of three support members 11, 12 and 13 are provided, which are arranged distributed in the axial direction of the cooling jacket 3 substantially equidistant from each other over the axial length of the same.
- the support elements 11 and 12 extend in a bridge-like manner over the cooling rib recess 9 in the circumferential direction of the cooling jacket 3, that is to say in each case further develop a single one of the plurality of cooling ribs 7 in a flattened form. In this way, at least some of the otherwise interrupted in the region of the cooling fin recess coolant channels 8 are continued, which has a favorable flow-mechanical effect on the flow of coolant in this area.
- the support elements 11 and 12 are web-shaped in this embodiment in approximately the same width as the cooling fins 7. Furthermore, they are each formed here from the solid material of the cooling jacket 3 in order to achieve a particularly good heat conduction.
- the support elements 11, 12 and 13 it is possible, for example, to next as the cooling fins 7 to manufacture and then depending on the intended space savings or space narrowing in the area of the cooling fin recess 9, for example, flatten by a machining manufacturing process. For example, it is possible to flatten the support elements 11, 12, 13 by milling.
- the local cooling rib recess 9 is also stepped in this embodiment in the axial direction of the cooling jacket 3.
- a first axial section 14 of the cooling fin recess 9 forms a first step, which is interrupted by the support element 11.
- the support element 12 is arranged.
- a second axial section 15 connects as a second, relatively lower level. Accordingly, in the second axial section 15, more material is removed or milled off in comparison to the first axial section 14 so as to form the gradation in the axial direction.
- the second axial section 15 is approximately bead-shaped or groove-shaped with chamfered or flattened or rounded edge regions.
- the second axial portion 15 is interrupted by the support member 13 to support the cover 5 also in this area.
- Fig. 2 which shows a cross section through the cooling jacket 3 of Fig. 1 in its axial direction along the section line II-II, it can be seen that the cover member 5 in the axial direction of the stepped shape of the cooling fin recess 9 follows.
- This is achieved by adapting the sheet-metal covering element 5 to the geometry of the cooling rib recess 9 by means of a forming process, such as bending.
- a forming process such as bending.
- the radial or peripheral outer dimensions of the entire cooling jacket 3 together with cover 5 locally, namely reduced in the area of the cooling rib recess 9, whereby the cooling jacket 3 and the electrical machine 1 equipped therewith also use in winding, cramped mounting positions.
- a gap height h which is largely constant over the axial length of the cooling jacket 3 results, which has a favorable flow-mechanical effect on the coolant flow in the coolant space 6. That this gap height h is maintained even when applied to the cover 5 force is achieved by the support elements 11, 12 and 13 also shown in Fig. 2 for supporting the cover 5 in these areas.
- Fig. 3 shows a cross section through the cooling jacket 3 of Fig. 1 in its circumferential direction along the section line III-III in the axial height of the space-optimized constriction, which is formed by the cooling fin recess 9 and adapted to the shaping cover 5. It can be seen that 3 space is saved in this way in the circumferential direction of the cooling jacket. This means that a substantially rectangular depression in the region of the cooling rib recess 9 is thus formed on the cooling jacket 3.
- cooling jacket 3 according to the invention can be modified in many ways.
- one or more of the support elements 11, 12 and 13 are not formed from the solid material of the cooling jacket base body 4, but from or on the cover 5 in one piece. Furthermore, one or more of the support elements 11, 12 and 13 could also be formed as separate components to the cooling jacket base body 4 or the cover 5. In addition, the support elements 11, 12 or 13 need not have a web shape, but may be punctiform shaped. There are also less or more than three support elements conceivable.
- cooling rib recess 9 is not stepped in the axial direction of the cooling jacket, but is designed with an at least substantially constant cutout or material recess. This can be decided or determined depending on the available (installation) space of the electric machine 1.
- the at least one cooling rib recess 9 can be arranged so as to be spaced over the circumference of the cooling jacket 3. This avoids fluid mechanical disadvantages when introducing and / or discharging the coolant.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE112015002336.4T DE112015002336A5 (de) | 2014-05-20 | 2015-05-19 | Robuster, bauraumoptimierter Kühlmantel für eine elektrische Maschine |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102014209574.3 | 2014-05-20 | ||
DE102014209574 | 2014-05-20 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2015176705A1 true WO2015176705A1 (de) | 2015-11-26 |
Family
ID=53540533
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE2015/000268 WO2015176705A1 (de) | 2014-05-20 | 2015-05-19 | Robuster, bauraumoptimierter kühlmantel für eine elektrische maschine |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
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DE (2) | DE112015002336A5 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2015176705A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102016217120A1 (de) | 2016-09-08 | 2018-03-08 | Magna powertrain gmbh & co kg | Elektrische Maschine mit einer Baueinheit und einem Kühlmantel |
DE102019108773A1 (de) * | 2019-04-03 | 2020-10-08 | Bpw Bergische Achsen Kg | Kühlanordnung |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE819282C (de) * | 1950-04-18 | 1951-10-31 | Oesterreichische Elektroindust | Geschlossene, aussenbelueftete elektrische Maschine |
JPH0819218A (ja) * | 1994-06-28 | 1996-01-19 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 回転電機の冷却構造 |
WO2013037409A1 (de) * | 2011-09-14 | 2013-03-21 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Elektromotor eines hybridgetriebes, das kabelabgänge an einer radialen umfangsfläche aufweist sowie elektrische achse eines hybridantriebs |
DE102012008209A1 (de) * | 2012-04-21 | 2013-10-24 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Elektrische Maschine |
-
2015
- 2015-05-19 WO PCT/DE2015/000268 patent/WO2015176705A1/de active Application Filing
- 2015-05-19 DE DE112015002336.4T patent/DE112015002336A5/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2015-05-19 DE DE102015006904.7A patent/DE102015006904A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE819282C (de) * | 1950-04-18 | 1951-10-31 | Oesterreichische Elektroindust | Geschlossene, aussenbelueftete elektrische Maschine |
JPH0819218A (ja) * | 1994-06-28 | 1996-01-19 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 回転電機の冷却構造 |
WO2013037409A1 (de) * | 2011-09-14 | 2013-03-21 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Elektromotor eines hybridgetriebes, das kabelabgänge an einer radialen umfangsfläche aufweist sowie elektrische achse eines hybridantriebs |
DE102012008209A1 (de) * | 2012-04-21 | 2013-10-24 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Elektrische Maschine |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DE102015006904A1 (de) | 2015-11-26 |
DE112015002336A5 (de) | 2017-03-02 |
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