WO2015176218A1 - 单缸插销伸缩装置及起重机 - Google Patents

单缸插销伸缩装置及起重机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015176218A1
WO2015176218A1 PCT/CN2014/077838 CN2014077838W WO2015176218A1 WO 2015176218 A1 WO2015176218 A1 WO 2015176218A1 CN 2014077838 W CN2014077838 W CN 2014077838W WO 2015176218 A1 WO2015176218 A1 WO 2015176218A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cylinder
pin
arm
telescopic
arm pin
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2014/077838
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张海燕
胡小冬
陆曹斌
梁静文
Original Assignee
徐州重型机械有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 徐州重型机械有限公司 filed Critical 徐州重型机械有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2014/077838 priority Critical patent/WO2015176218A1/zh
Priority to EP14892857.5A priority patent/EP3138805B1/en
Priority to US15/312,310 priority patent/US10479658B2/en
Publication of WO2015176218A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015176218A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/64—Jibs
    • B66C23/70—Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths
    • B66C23/701—Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths telescopic
    • B66C23/708—Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths telescopic locking devices for telescopic jibs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/64—Jibs
    • B66C23/70—Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths
    • B66C23/701—Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths telescopic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/64—Jibs
    • B66C23/70—Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths
    • B66C23/701—Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths telescopic
    • B66C23/705—Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths telescopic telescoped by hydraulic jacks

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of engineering machinery, in particular to a single cylinder latch telescopic device And cranes.
  • the so-called single cylinder latch telescopic mechanism is a kind of single telescopic cylinder to realize the boom expansion and contraction.
  • the mechanism realizes the extension and retraction of the boom by the cooperation of the cylinder and the arm pin.
  • the existing single-cylinder latch telescopic mechanism mainly adopts the upper arm pin scheme, that is, the base An arm pin is attached to the upper part of each arm of the arm and driven by two arm pin cylinders.
  • the T-shaped groove moves up and down to realize the arm pin insertion and insertion, and the two arm pin cylinders are symmetrically distributed in the T-shaped groove.
  • the head of the head due to the space limitation, has a point of action on the cylinder and a force point of the T-slot.
  • the fixed distance that is, there is a certain eccentric load, which causes the arm pin cylinder to bear the eccentric load.
  • the existing single-cylinder latch telescopic mechanism is hoisted when the deflection of the boom is relatively large.
  • the arm pin hole is deformed due to the deflection of the boom, so when the arm pin is inserted and removed, the arm pin and the suspension There may be a problem with the misalignment of the arm pin hole, which may cause difficulty in the insertion or removal of the arm pin or the arm pin
  • the release position is not accurate, which causes the arm pin to be unplugged and the like.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a single cylinder latch.
  • the telescopic device and the crane can reduce the influence of the flexural deformation of the telescopic arm on the insertion and removal of the arm pin.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a single cylinder latch telescopic device, which is applied to a telescopic arm system.
  • System including:
  • a telescopic cylinder for driving each of the telescopic arms in the telescopic arm system relative to The basic arm performs a telescopic movement
  • Double-arm pin structure arranged on both sides of the tail of each section telescopic arm, used to realize each section Locking and unlocking action between the telescopic arms;
  • An arm pin insertion mechanism disposed on a cylinder of the telescopic cylinder for Performing a plugging operation with a two-arm pin structure
  • a cylinder pin structure and a cylinder pin cylinder are disposed on the cylinder of the telescopic cylinder for A locking and unlocking action between the cylinder barrel of the telescopic cylinder and each of the telescopic arms is realized.
  • the two-arm pin structure is symmetrically arranged at the tail of each section of the telescopic arm Left and right sides.
  • the arm pin insertion and removal mechanism specifically includes: an arm pin cylinder and a reset machine Structure, double-arm pin pull-out device and transmission mechanism, the arm pin cylinder, reset mechanism, double An arm pin pullout device is coupled to the transmission mechanism, the transmission mechanism capable of a linear telescopic movement of the arm pin cylinder is converted into the two-arm pin pull-out device Straight pull or release action of the pin structure.
  • the transmission mechanism is a link mechanism, including a first link and a second a connecting rod, a third connecting rod and a fourth connecting rod, one end of the arm pin cylinder and the resetting machine
  • One end of the structure is respectively hinged with both ends of the first link, the second link and the second link a first link fixedly connected, the first link capable of extending a straight line of the arm pin cylinder
  • the contraction motion is converted into a rotational motion of the second link, the third link and the fourth link
  • One end of the rod is respectively hinged with both ends of the second link, the third link and the fourth
  • the other end of the connecting rod is respectively hinged with the two-arm pin pulling device, the third link and a fourth link capable of converting a rotational motion of the second link into the two-arm pin Straight pull or release action of the device.
  • the cylinder end of the arm pin cylinder is fixed to the cylinder of the telescopic cylinder On the barrel, the rod end is hinged to one end of the first link.
  • the reset mechanism includes a return spring and a guiding mechanism, and the guiding The mechanism is guided to the expansion and contraction of the return spring.
  • the arm pin in the two-arm pin structure includes:
  • a mounting seat having a hollow interior
  • An end cover disposed at one end of the mounting seat
  • a pin disposed in the hollow interior of the mount for passage in the safety Sliding within the hollow interior of the seat to extend or retract from the other end of the mount;
  • At least one reset is further provided between the end cover and the pin spring.
  • a grease nozzle is disposed on the pin and the grease nozzle is connected to the a lubricating oil passage between the hollow interiors of the mount for passing the pin to the pin Inserting grease into the hollow cavity of the mounting seat to ensure the pin and the seat Lubricating contact between the hollow interiors of the mount.
  • a pin hole is further disposed on the pin and inserted into the pin hole a pull bolt in the middle end, wherein the end cover is provided with a fixing rod extending into the pin hole, and One end of the pull bolt is screwed, and the other end of the pull bolt is clamped in the In the pin hole, the pin is opposite to the pin by the tightening of the pin bolt Retraction of the mount.
  • a through hole is opened in the pin and fixed in the through hole
  • An inner sleeve the adjusting bolt is screwed to the inner sleeve, and is rotated
  • the adjustment bolts are used to vary the length of extension of the pin relative to the mount.
  • the transmission mechanism linearly extends the piston rod of the arm pin cylinder Converting into a linear pulling action of the two-arm pin pulling device to the two-arm pin structure; a rod cavity of the arm pin cylinder communicates with a rod cavity of the cylinder pin cylinder, the arm pin The rodless cavity of the cylinder communicates with the rodless cavity of the cylinder pin cylinder.
  • the transmission mechanism linearly retracts the piston rod of the arm pin cylinder Converting into a linear pulling action of the two-arm pin pulling device to the two-arm pin structure; a rod cavity of the arm pin cylinder communicates with a rodless cavity of the cylinder pin cylinder, the arm pin The rodless cavity of the cylinder communicates with the rod cavity of the cylinder pin cylinder.
  • a first hydraulic control valve disposed in the oil chamber of the cylinder pin cylinder and the arm pin cylinder
  • the oil supply and return oil lines are used to supply the cylinder pin cylinder and the arm pin cylinder Oil return switch;
  • a second hydraulic control valve an oil supply passage disposed in an oil chamber of the cylinder pin cylinder Upper, for pulling and releasing the cylinder pin structure on the piston rod of the cylinder pin cylinder Line control
  • the second hydraulic control valve And the third hydraulic control valve cannot be powered at the same time, and the pull-out operation of the cylinder pin structure
  • the first hydraulic control valve and the second hydraulic control valve are energized, in the arms
  • the first hydraulic control valve and the third hydraulic pressure control in the pull-out operation state of the pin structure The valve is energized, in the released state of the cylinder pin structure and the dual-arm pin structure, the first The hydraulic control valve is de-energized.
  • Embodiments of the present invention also provide a crane including a telescopic arm system, and features thereof It also includes the aforementioned single cylinder latch telescopic device.
  • the invention adopts a two-arm pin structure arranged on both sides of the tail of each section of the telescopic arm, phase Compared with the existing upper arm pin scheme, the two-arm pin structure of the present invention is disposed on both sides of the telescopic arm.
  • the structure is more uniform than the single structure on the upper side of the boom, reducing the deflection of the boom Influence on pin hole position and arm pin force; due to deflection of the boom On the upper and lower sides, so the two-arm pin structure is further symmetrically arranged on each section of the telescopic arm
  • the left and right sides of the tail can make the pin hole on the side of the arm that is not mainly deflected. Further reduce the deflection of the boom and the pin hole position and the force of the arm pin ring.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the assembly of an embodiment of a single cylinder latch telescopic device of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view of the principle of the arm pin insertion and removal mechanism of Figure 2;
  • FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view showing the arm pin of the embodiment of the single cylinder latch telescopic device of the present invention; intention;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the electro-hydraulic control principle of the embodiment of the single cylinder latch telescopic device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the assembly of an embodiment of the single cylinder latch telescopic device of the present invention.
  • the telescopic cylinder 5 of the single cylinder latch telescopic device is used for driving
  • Each of the telescopic arms 1 in the telescopic arm system performs a telescopic movement with respect to the basic arm.
  • the pin structure 3 is arranged on both sides of the tail of each section of the telescopic arm 1 for achieving expansion and contraction of each section Locking and unlocking action between the arms 1.
  • the arm pin insertion and removal mechanism 4 is disposed in the telescopic cylinder 5 On the cylinder, it is responsible for performing the plugging operation on the two-arm pin structure 3.
  • Cylinder pin structure 2 and cylinder The pin cylinder is disposed on the cylinder of the telescopic cylinder 5 for implementing the cylinder of the telescopic cylinder 5 Locking and unlocking action with each section telescopic arm 1.
  • a two-arm pin structure is adopted, and the two-arm pin structure is arranged in each
  • the two sides of the telescopic arm are fixed on the two sides, compared with the existing upper arm pin scheme.
  • the point fixing method is more uniform in the structural force, and can reduce the deflection deformation of the boom The position of the pin hole and the force of the arm pin are affected.
  • the two arm pins of the two-arm pin mechanism can be symmetrically clothed. Placed on the left and right sides of the tail of each section of the telescopic arm, the corresponding pin hole is also located on the left and right of the telescopic arm On both sides, the main deflection of the boom is usually on the upper and lower sides, and is placed on the boom The pin hole of the non-primary flexing side is less affected by the deflection of the boom, so It can further reduce the deflection of the boom and the pin hole position and the force of the arm pin. Ringing, making the pin pin and pin hole on the boom easier to maintain alignment, avoiding the pin and pin The problem that the arm pin is unplugged due to misalignment of the hole.
  • Figure 2 shows a specific structure of an arm pin insertion and removal mechanism, including: an arm pin cylinder 42.
  • the reset mechanism 41 and the two-arm pin pull-out device 47 are all connected with the transmission mechanism, and the transmission mechanism
  • the linear telescopic movement of the arm pin cylinder 42 can be converted into a pair of two-arm pin pulling device 47
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram corresponding to the link mechanism. intention.
  • the link mechanism includes a first link 43, a second link 44, and a third link 45 And the fourth link 46, one end of the arm pin cylinder 42 and one end of the reset mechanism 41 respectively
  • the two ends of the first link 43 are hinged, and the second link 44 is fixedly connected to the first link 43.
  • the first link 43 can convert the linear telescopic motion of the arm pin cylinder 42 into the second link
  • the rotational movement of 44, one end of the third link 45 and the fourth link 46 are respectively connected to the second link
  • Both ends of the rod 44 are hinged, and the other ends of the third link 45 and the fourth link 46 are respectively doubled
  • the arm pin pullout device 47 is hinged, and the third link 45 and the fourth link 46 are capable of connecting the second link
  • the rotational motion of the lever 44 is converted into a straight pull or release of the two-arm pin pullout device 47. Work.
  • the linear telescopic movement of the arm pin cylinder 42 is achieved by the action of the link mechanism. Converted into a straight-line pinning or releasing of the two-arm pin structure 3 by the two-arm pin pulling device 47 Work.
  • the two-arm pin pull-out device 47 includes two T-slot structures, respectively corresponding to the two arms
  • the pin structure realizes the pulling operation by pulling the two-arm pin through the T-shaped groove structure.
  • the third link 45 and the fourth link 46 are hinged respectively.
  • the two T-slot configurations allow simultaneous extraction of the two-arm pin structure compared to existing
  • the two-arm pin cylinders used in the upper arm pin scheme are more synchronised.
  • the arm pin oil The cylinder 42 does not directly act on the T-slot structure and only bears the positive force, so it is effective The problem that the arm pin cylinder is subjected to the eccentric load force and the oil cylinder is leaked is avoided.
  • the cylinder end of the arm pin cylinder 42 can be fixed in the telescopic
  • the cylinder 5 is on the cylinder and the piston rod end is hinged to one end of the first link 43.
  • the reset mechanism functions to return the arm pin insertion mechanism to the release arm pin.
  • the reset mechanism can include a return spring and a guiding mechanism, and the return spring provides The spring force for resetting, and the guiding mechanism can guide the expansion and contraction of the return spring. From In Figure 3, the guiding mechanism of the sleeve and the guide rod in the middle of the return spring can be seen. example.
  • the arm pin includes at least Mounting brackets, end caps, pins and adjusting bolts.
  • the mounting seat 30 of the arm pin 3 has a hollow inner cavity, and the end cover 32 is disposed at the mounting seat 30.
  • One end, and the pin 33 is disposed in the hollow cavity of the mount 30, through the hollow
  • the inner chamber slides to extend or retract from the other end of the mount 30.
  • Adjustment bolt 34 Forming a fixed connection with the pin 33 through the end cap 32, which can be driven by an external force The pin slides within the hollow interior of the mount 30.
  • the adjusting bolt 34 can be provided with a T-shaped head so as to be pin-loaded with the two-arm pin
  • the 47-shaped T-slot structure is matched.
  • the adjustment bolt And the two-pin pin pinning device can also adopt other shapes of the matching structure, such as a taper, etc. Or set the adjusting bolt to the T-slot structure and set the two-arm pin pulling device to T Type head and so on.
  • the end cap 32 can function as a hollow inside the closure mount 30
  • the function of the cavity can also serve to limit the movement space of the pin 33 if necessary.
  • some structural arrangements can be made on the end cap 32.
  • Hollow of the mount 30 The inner cavity needs to be clearance-fitted with the pin 33 in order to achieve the pin 33 relative to the mount 30 Extending and retracting.
  • a restriction pin can also be provided in the hollow interior of the mount 30 33
  • the structure of the movement space such as steps or stops.
  • the fixed connection of the adjusting bolt 34 and the pin 33 may be opened on the pin 33 a through hole is provided, and an inner sleeve 35 is disposed in the through hole, and the inner sleeve 35 can be directly fixed at
  • the through hole may also be inserted into the through hole through the step structure, and the segment of the inner sleeve 35
  • An internal thread can be provided to achieve a threaded connection with the external thread of the adjustment bolt 34. Pass By rotating the adjusting bolt 34 to adjust the distance with respect to the inner sleeve 35, it is possible to further The step of adjusting the extension length of the pin 33 is achieved.
  • the pin 33 can be completely applied to the adjusting bolt 34 by the two-arm pin pulling device 47
  • the force pulls in and pushes out the hollow cavity of the mounting seat 30, and can also be pulled out by the two-arm pin 47 only completes the action of pulling the adjusting bolt 34 into the hollow cavity of the mounting seat 30,
  • At least one return spring 36 is disposed between the end cap 32 and the pin 33, by the reset bomb The spring 36 completes the action of pushing the pin 33 out of the hollow interior of the mount 30.
  • End cap 32 The at least one return spring 36 disposed between the pins 33 is preferably evenly distributed.
  • a grease nipple 37 and a communication nipple 37 and a mount may be further disposed on the pin 33.
  • the pin 33 can further be provided with a pin hole and a pull inserted into the pin hole
  • the pin bolt 39 is provided on the end cover 32 with a fixing rod 31 extending into the pin hole and with the pin One end of the bolt 39 is screwed, and the other end of the pin bolt 39 is caught in the pin hole.
  • the operator can achieve the pin 33 relative to the mount by tightening the pull bolt 39
  • the retraction of 30 makes it easy and convenient to manually pull the pin.
  • the single cylinder latch telescopic mechanism of the present invention needs To perform the booming operation, first insert the cylinder pin into the desired boom according to the detection signal. In the cylinder pin hole, then pull out the arm pin, the cylinder with the arm extended, after reaching the target position Release the arm pin and pull out the cylinder pin to complete one arm movement; when the arm is retracted, firstly according to the detection The signal inserts the cylinder pin into the cylinder pin hole of the boom to be retracted, and then removes the arm pin, cylinder With the arm retracted, after reaching the target position, release the arm pin and then pull out the cylinder pin to complete the retracting arm. action.
  • the transmission mechanism linearly extends the piston rod of the arm pin cylinder into a double
  • the arm pin pull-out device acts on the straight-drawing pin of the two-arm pin structure
  • the arm pin oil When the rodless cavity of the cylinder enters the oil, the two-pin pin structure realizes the pulling action, and when the rod cavity is oiled, the pair is Should release the action (ie the bolt).
  • the arm pin cylinder can be The rod cavity communicates with the rod cavity of the cylinder pin cylinder, the rodless cavity of the arm pin cylinder and the cylinder pin oil The rodless cavity of the cylinder communicates.
  • the transmission mechanism causes the piston rod of the arm pin cylinder to retract linearly
  • the straight-drawing action of the two-pin pin structure for the two-arm pin pull-out device, and the extension of the piston rod A latch action corresponding to the two-arm pin structure is performed.
  • the oil chamber of the arm pin cylinder and the cylinder pin cylinder The connection relationship also needs to be changed accordingly, even if the arm pin cylinder has a rod cavity and a cylinder pin cylinder
  • the rodless cavity communicates, and the rodless cavity of the arm pin cylinder communicates with the rod cavity of the cylinder pin cylinder.
  • Valves are: first hydraulic control valve Y1, second hydraulic control valve Y2 and third Hydraulic control valve Y3.
  • first hydraulic control valve Y1 is disposed in the cylinder pin cylinder 2a, 2b and the oil supply and return oil passages of the oil chamber of the arm pin cylinder 42 are used for the cylinder pin
  • the oil cylinders 2a, 2b and the arm pin cylinder 42 perform oil supply and return switching.
  • Second hydraulic control valve Y2 Set on the oil supply line of the oil chamber of the cylinder pin cylinder, the piston rod for the cylinder pin cylinder The pinout and release of the upper cylinder pin structure are controlled.
  • Third hydraulic control valve Y3 setting In the oil supply oil passage of the oil chamber of the arm pin cylinder, the two-arm pin corresponding to the arm pin cylinder The pin pull device controls the pullout and release of the two-arm pin structure.
  • the first hydraulic control valve Y1 controls the cylinder pin cylinders 2a, 2b and the arm pin cylinder 42
  • the oil supply switch is switched, and the second hydraulic control valve Y2 controls the cylinder pin cylinders 2a, 2b to realize
  • Y1 and Y2 are both in the power-on state, high-pressure oil
  • the small cavity drive cylinder pin structure that enters the cylinder pin cylinders 2a, 2b completes the cylinder pin from the pin hole
  • the action, while the high pressure oil also enters the small cavity of the arm pin cylinder 42, and the return spring
  • the reaction force is provided together to extend the arm pin.
  • the third hydraulic control valve Y3 controls the insertion and removal of the arm pin cylinder 42, when the arm pin is pulled, Both Y1 and Y3 are in a powered state, and the high pressure oil enters the large cavity drive of the arm pin cylinder 42
  • the arm pin insertion mechanism performs the arm pin, and the high pressure oil also enters the cylinder pin cylinder.
  • the cavity together with the return spring, provides a reaction force to cause the cylinder pin to be in an extended state; the cylinder arm pin
  • the release is safe and the cylinder pin or arm pin can be completed simply by de-energizing the Y1 solenoid valve. Automatic reset.
  • the second hydraulic control The valve and the third hydraulic control valve cannot be energized at the same time, even the second hydraulic control valve and the third The hydraulic control valve is energized at the same time, because the cylinder pin cylinder has no rod cavity action area larger than the rod cavity The working area, together with the force of the cylinder pin return spring, will cause the cylinder pin to be inserted. Security is guaranteed.
  • the first hydraulic pressure The control valve and the second hydraulic control valve are energized, and in the state in which the two-arm pin structure is pulled out, The first hydraulic control valve and the third hydraulic control valve are energized.
  • the first hydraulic control valve is de-energized.
  • the cylinder latch telescopic device is double interlocked between hydraulic and electrical, ensuring extension The retracting arm system runs safely and reliably.
  • the above single cylinder latch telescopic device embodiment of the present invention can be applied to various types of Engineering equipment for telescopic arm systems, such as cranes.
  • the single cylinder latch telescopic device The use of the boom can make the telescopic operation more reliable and more operable.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)

Abstract

公开了一种单缸插销伸缩装置及起重机，单缸插销伸缩装置应用于伸缩臂系统，包括：伸缩油缸（5），用于驱动伸缩臂系统中的各节伸缩臂（1）相对于基本臂执行伸缩动作；双臂销结构（3），布置在各节伸缩臂（1）的尾部两侧，用于实现各节伸缩臂（1）之间的锁定和解锁动作；臂销拔插机构（4），设置在伸缩油缸（5）的缸筒上，用于对双臂销结构（3）执行拔插操作；缸销结构（2）及缸销油缸（42），设置在伸缩油缸（5）的缸筒上，用于实现伸缩油缸（5）的缸筒与各节伸缩臂（1）之间的锁定和解锁动作。该单缸插销伸缩装置双臂销结构设置在伸缩臂两侧，比单一设置在吊臂上侧的结构受力更均匀，减小起重臂挠曲变形对销孔位置和臂销受力情况的影响。

Description

单缸插销伸缩装置及起重机 A 技术领域
本发明涉及工程机械领域，尤其涉及一种单缸插销伸缩装置 及起重机。
背景技术
在具有六节臂以上的起重机的起重臂伸缩系统中，由于绳排 机构应用起来比较复杂，因此目前普遍应用单缸插销伸缩装置。 所谓单缸插销伸缩机构是一种应用单根伸缩油缸实现起重臂伸缩 的机构，通过缸、臂销配合实现起重臂的伸出和回缩。
目前现有的单缸插销伸缩机构主要采用上臂销方案，即除基 本臂外在每节臂的上部安装一个臂销，并使用两个臂销油缸驱动 T型槽上下运动实现臂销拔插，两个臂销油缸对称分布于T型槽 的头部，由于受空间限制，油缸作用点与T型槽的受力点具有一 定的距离，即存在一定的偏载力矩，导致臂销油缸承受偏载力， 臂销油缸长期在偏载力作用下进行工作，则会出现密封磨损、压 破而漏油的现象。
现有的单缸插销伸缩机构在吊臂挠曲变形比较大时，由于吊 臂臂销孔因为吊臂挠度而出现变形，所以臂销拔插时，臂销与吊 臂臂销孔会存在不对中的问题，这会造成臂销拔插困难或因臂销 释放位置不准确而导致臂销拔插失败等问题。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明要解决的技术问题是，提供一种单缸插销 伸缩装置及起重机，能够减小伸缩臂挠曲变形对臂销拔插的影响。
为此，本发明实施例采用如下技术方案：
本发明实施例提供一种单缸插销伸缩装置，应用于伸缩臂系 统，其中，包括：
伸缩油缸，用于驱动所述伸缩臂系统中的各节伸缩臂相对于 基本臂执行伸缩动作；
双臂销结构，布置在各节伸缩臂的尾部两侧，用于实现各节 伸缩臂之间的锁定和解锁动作；
臂销拔插机构，设置在所述伸缩油缸的缸筒上，用于对所述 双臂销结构执行拔插操作；
缸销结构及缸销油缸，设置在所述伸缩油缸的缸筒上，用于 实现所述伸缩油缸的缸筒与各节伸缩臂之间的锁定和解锁动作。
进一步的，所述双臂销结构对称布置在各节伸缩臂的尾部的 左右两侧。
进一步的，所述臂销拔插机构具体包括：臂销油缸、复位机 构、双臂销拔销装置和传动机构，所述臂销油缸、复位机构、双 臂销拔销装置均与所述传动机构连接，所述传动机构能够将所述 臂销油缸的直线伸缩运动转变为所述双臂销拔销装置对所述双臂 销结构的直线拔销或释放动作。
进一步的，所述传动机构为连杆机构，包括第一连杆、第二 连杆、第三连杆和第四连杆，所述臂销油缸的一端和所述复位机 构的一端分别与所述第一连杆的两端铰接，所述第二连杆与所述 第一连杆固定连接，所述第一连杆能够将所述臂销油缸的直线伸 缩运动转变为所述第二连杆的旋转运动，所述第三连杆和第四连 杆的一端分别与所述第二连杆的两端铰接，所述第三连杆和第四 连杆的另一端分别与所述双臂销拔销装置铰接，所述第三连杆和 第四连杆能够将所述第二连杆的旋转运动转变为所述双臂销拔销 装置的直线拔销或释放动作。
进一步的，所述臂销油缸的缸筒端固定在所述伸缩油缸的缸 筒上，活塞杆端与所述第一连杆的一端铰接。
进一步的，所述复位机构包括复位弹簧和导向机构，所述导 向机构对所述复位弹簧的伸缩进行导向。
进一步的，所述双臂销结构中的臂销包括：
安装座，具有中空内腔；
端盖，设置在所述安装座的一端；
销钉，设置在所述安装座的中空内腔中，用于通过在所述安 装座的中空内腔内滑动来从所述安装座的另一端伸出或缩回；
调节螺栓，穿过所述端盖与所述销钉形成固定性连接，用于 在外力作用下带动所述销钉在所述安装座的中空内腔内滑动。
进一步的，在所述端盖与所述销钉之间还设有至少一个复位 弹簧。
进一步的，在所述销钉上设有油嘴以及连通所述油嘴和所述 安装座的中空内腔之间的润滑油道，用于通过所述油嘴向所述销 钉与所述安装座的中空内腔输入润滑油脂，以保证所述销钉与所 述安装座的中空内腔之间的润滑接触。
进一步的，在所述销钉上还设有拔销孔和插入到所述拔销孔 中的拔销螺栓，所述端盖上设有固定杆伸入到所述拔销孔，并与 所述拔销螺栓的一端螺纹连接，所述拔销螺栓的另一端卡设在所 述拔销孔中，通过所述拔销螺栓的拧紧实现所述销钉相对于所述 安装座的缩回。
进一步的，在所述销钉中开设有通孔，并在通孔中固定设置 有内套筒，所述调节螺栓与所述内套筒螺纹连接，并通过旋转所 述调节螺栓来改变所述销钉相对于所述安装座的伸出长度。
进一步的，所述传动机构将所述臂销油缸的活塞杆直线伸出 转变为所述双臂销拔销装置对所述双臂销结构的直线拔销动作； 所述臂销油缸的有杆腔与所述缸销油缸的有杆腔相通，所述臂销 油缸的无杆腔与所述缸销油缸的无杆腔相通。
进一步的，所述传动机构将所述臂销油缸的活塞杆直线缩回 转变为所述双臂销拔销装置对所述双臂销结构的直线拔销动作； 所述臂销油缸的有杆腔与所述缸销油缸的无杆腔相通，所述臂销 油缸的无杆腔与所述缸销油缸的有杆腔相通。
进一步的，还包括多个液压控制阀，分别为：
第一液压控制阀，设置在所述缸销油缸和臂销油缸的油腔的 供油油路和回油油路上，用于对所述缸销油缸和臂销油缸进行供 回油切换；
第二液压控制阀，设置在所述缸销油缸的油腔的供油油路 上，用于对所述缸销油缸的活塞杆上的缸销结构的拔销和释放进 行控制；
第三液压控制阀，设置在所述臂销油缸的油腔的供油油路 上，用于对所述臂销油缸对应的双臂销拔销装置对所述双臂销结 构的拔销和释放进行控制；
在所述多个液压控制阀的控制逻辑中，所述第二液压控制阀 和第三液压控制阀不能同时得电，在所述缸销结构的拔出动作状 态下，所述第一液压控制阀和第二液压控制阀得电，在所述双臂 销结构的拔出动作状态下，所述第一液压控制阀和第三液压控制 阀得电，在所述缸销结构和双臂销结构的释放状态下，所述第一 液压控制阀失电。
本发明实施例还提供一种起重机，包括伸缩臂系统，其特征 在于，还包括前述的单缸插销伸缩装置。
对于上述技术方案的技术效果分析如下：
本发明采用了布置在各节伸缩臂尾部两侧的双臂销结构，相 比于现有的上臂销方案，本发明的双臂销结构设置在伸缩臂两侧， 比单一设置在吊臂上侧的结构受力更均匀，减小起重臂挠曲变形 对销孔位置和臂销受力情况的影响；由于吊臂主要发生挠曲变形 在于上下两侧，因此进一步将双臂销结构对称布置在各节伸缩臂 尾部的左右两侧，则可使得销孔处于吊臂非主要挠曲的侧面，从 而进一步减小起重臂挠曲变形对销孔位置和臂销受力情况的影 响。
附图说明
图1为本发明单缸插销伸缩装置的一实施例的装配示意图；
图2为本发明单缸插销伸缩装置实施例中臂销拔插机构的分 解结构示意图；
图3为图2臂销拔插机构的原理示意图；
图4为本发明单缸插销伸缩装置实施例中臂销的分解结构示 意图；
图5为本发明单缸插销伸缩装置实施例的电液控制原理示意 图。
具体实施方式
下面通过附图和实施例，对本发明的技术方案做进一步的详 细描述。
本发明的单缸插销伸缩装置应用于伸缩臂系统，主要包括伸 缩油缸、双臂销结构、臂销拔插机构、缸销结构以及缸销油缸。 如图1所示，为本发明单缸插销伸缩装置的一实施例的装配示意 图。在本实施例中，单缸插销伸缩装置的伸缩油缸5是用来驱动 伸缩臂系统中的各节伸缩臂1相对于基本臂执行伸缩动作。双臂 销结构3则布置在各节伸缩臂1的尾部两侧，用来实现各节伸缩 臂1之间的锁定和解锁动作。臂销拔插机构4设置在伸缩油缸5 的缸筒上，负责对双臂销结构3执行拔插操作。缸销结构2及缸 销油缸设置在伸缩油缸5的缸筒上，用于实现伸缩油缸5的缸筒 与各节伸缩臂1之间的锁定和解锁动作。
在本实施例中采用了双臂销结构，并将双臂销结构布置在各 节伸缩臂尾部两侧，两点的固定方式相比于现有上臂销方案的单 点固定方式在结构受力上更加均匀，能够减小起重臂挠曲变形对 销孔位置和臂销受力情况的影响。
从图1所示实施例来看，双臂销机构的两个臂销可以对称布 置在各节伸缩臂尾部的左右两侧，相应的销孔也位于伸缩臂左右 两侧，而吊臂主要发生挠曲变形通常在于上下两侧，设置在吊臂 的非主要挠曲侧面的销孔受到起重臂挠曲变形的影响较小，因此 可以进一步减小起重臂挠曲变形对销孔位置和臂销受力情况的影 响，使得臂销与吊臂上的销孔更容易保持对中，避免因臂销与销 孔不对中导致的臂销拔插失败的问题。
图2示出了一种臂销拔插机构的具体结构，包括：臂销油缸 42、复位机构41、双臂销拔销装置47和传动机构，臂销油缸42、 复位机构41、双臂销拔销装置47均与传动机构连接，传动机构 能够将臂销油缸42的直线伸缩运动转变为双臂销拔销装置47对 双臂销结构3的直线拔销或释放动作。
利用复位机构41可以只采用单一的臂销油缸42即可完成双 臂销结构的拔销和释放操作，而由于双臂销结构的拔销方向与臂 销油缸的伸缩方向不同，因此需要传动机构进行两者运动关系的 转换。传动机构可以采取各种可行的现有方式。图2示出了一种 连杆机构作为传动机构的形式，图3是该连杆机构对应的原理示 意图。该连杆机构包括第一连杆43、第二连杆44、第三连杆45 和第四连杆46，臂销油缸42的一端和复位机构41的一端分别与 第一连杆43的两端铰接，第二连杆44与第一连杆43固定连接， 第一连杆43能够将臂销油缸42的直线伸缩运动转变为第二连杆 44的旋转运动，第三连杆45和第四连杆46的一端分别与第二连 杆44的两端铰接，第三连杆45和第四连杆46的另一端分别与双 臂销拔销装置47铰接，第三连杆45和第四连杆46能够将第二连 杆44的旋转运动转变为双臂销拔销装置47的直线拔销或释放动 作。这样通过连杆机构的作用就使得臂销油缸42的直线伸缩运动 转变为双臂销拔销装置47对双臂销结构3的直线拔销或释放动 作。
双臂销拔销装置47包括两个T型槽结构，分别对应于双臂 销结构，通过T型槽结构对双臂销的拉动来实现拔销操作。在单 一的臂销油缸42的带动下，第三连杆45和第四连杆46分别铰接 的两个T型槽结构可以对双臂销结构进行同步拔销，相比于现有 上臂销方案中采用的两臂销油缸的方案同步性更好。而且臂销油 缸42并不直接作用在T型槽结构上，只承受正向力，因此有效 避免了臂销油缸承受偏载力而导致油缸漏油等问题。
另外，在实现上，可以将臂销油缸42的缸筒端固定在伸缩 油缸5的缸筒上，而将活塞杆端与第一连杆43的一端铰接。
复位机构起到的是使臂销拔插机构回复到释放臂销的状态 的作用，复位机构可以包括复位弹簧和导向机构，复位弹簧提供 复位用的弹力，而导向机构可以对复位弹簧的伸缩进行导向。从 图3中可以看到复位弹簧中间的套筒和导杆配合的导向机构实 例。
下面对双臂销结构中的臂销的结构进行说明。臂销至少包括 安装座、端盖、销钉和调节螺栓等。在图4示出的臂销例子中， 臂销3的安装座30具有中空内腔，而端盖32设置在安装座30 的一端，而销钉33设置在安装座30的中空内腔中，通过在中空 内腔内滑动来从安装座30的另一端伸出或缩回。调节螺栓34则 穿过端盖32与销钉33形成固定性连接，能够在外力作用下带动 销钉在安装座30的中空内腔内滑动。
调节螺栓34可以设置一个T型头部，以便与双臂销拔销装 置47的T型槽结构相配合。当然在另一个实施例中，调节螺栓 和双臂销拔销装置也可以采用其他形状的配合结构，例如锥形等， 或者将调节螺栓设置成T型槽结构，将双臂销拔销装置设置成T 型头部等。
在臂销3结构中，端盖32可以起到封闭安装座30的中空内 腔的作用，如果需要还可以起到限制销钉33的运动空间的作用， 当然在端盖32上还可以进行一些结构的设置。安装座30的中空 内腔需要与销钉33间隙配合，以便实现销钉33相对于安装座30 的伸出和缩回。在安装座30的中空内腔中也可以设置出限制销钉 33运动空间的结构，例如台阶或挡块等。
调节螺栓34与销钉33的固定性连接可以是在销钉33上开 设通孔，并在通孔内设置内套筒35，内套筒35可以直接固定在 通孔内，也可以通过台阶结构卡设在通孔内，内套筒35的部分段 可设置内螺纹，以便与调节螺栓34的外螺纹实现螺纹连接。而通 过旋转调节螺栓34来调整相对于内套筒35的距离，则可以进一 步实现销钉33伸出长度的调整。
销钉33可以完全由双臂销拔销装置47来对调节螺栓34施 力拉入和推出安装座30的中空内腔，也可以由双臂销拔销装置 47只完成对调节螺栓34施力拉入安装座30的中空内腔的动作， 而在端盖32与销钉33之间设置至少一个复位弹簧36，由复位弹 簧36完成将销钉33推出安装座30的中空内腔的动作。端盖32 与销钉33之间设置的至少一个复位弹簧36优选均匀分布设置。
为了保证销钉33与安装座30的中空内腔之间的润滑接触， 可以进一步在销钉33上设置油嘴37以及连通油嘴37和安装座 30的中空内腔之间的润滑油道38，操作员可以通过油嘴37向销 钉33与安装座30的中空内腔之间的间隙输入润滑油脂。
销钉33上还可以进一步设置拔销孔和插入到拔销孔中的拔 销螺栓39，端盖32上则设有固定杆31伸入到拔销孔，并与拔销 螺栓39的一端螺纹连接，拔销螺栓39的另一端则卡在拔销孔中， 操作人员可以通过拧紧拔销螺栓39来实现销钉33相对于安装座 30的缩回，从而实现轻松方便的手动拔销操作。
以起重机的伸缩臂系统为例，本发明的单缸插销伸缩机构需 要进行伸臂操作时，首先根据检测信号将缸销插入所要伸出吊臂 的缸销孔中，然后拔下臂销，油缸带臂伸出，到达目标位置后先 释放臂销再拔出缸销完成一次伸臂动作；缩臂时，首先根据检测 信号将缸销插入所要缩回吊臂的缸销孔中，然后拔下臂销，油缸 带臂回缩，到达目标位置后先释放臂销再拔出缸销完成一次缩臂 动作。
为了实现伸缩臂系统的控制过程，并实现缸销和臂销互锁功 能，可以考虑在液压方面进行限制。而这种限制可以通过协调臂 销油缸和缸销油缸的连通性来实现。由于臂销油缸的活塞杆伸出 和缩回所对应的臂销结构的拔销和释放动作是由传动机构决定 的。那么当传动机构将所述臂销油缸的活塞杆直线伸出转变为双 臂销拔销装置对双臂销结构的直线拔销动作时，意味着当臂销油 缸的无杆腔进油时双臂销结构实现拔销动作，有杆腔进油时则对 应着释放动作(即插销)。在这种情况下，可以将臂销油缸的有 杆腔与缸销油缸的有杆腔相通，臂销油缸的无杆腔与所述缸销油 缸的无杆腔相通。由于缸销油缸的活塞杆本身就是缸销结构，因 此其活塞杆的伸出是插销动作，活塞杆的缩回对应拔销动作，因 此采用这种连通关系可使臂销油缸和缸销油缸的有杆腔同时进油 时，实现双臂销结构的插销和缸销结构的拔销同时进行；反之当 臂销油缸和缸销油缸的无杆腔同时进油时，实现双臂销结构的拔 销和缸销结构的插销同时进行。
相应的如果传动机构使得臂销油缸的活塞杆直线缩回转变 为双臂销拔销装置对双臂销结构的直线拔销动作，而活塞杆的伸 出对应于双臂销结构的插销动作。则臂销油缸和缸销油缸的油腔 连通关系也需要相应改变，即使臂销油缸的有杆腔与缸销油缸的 无杆腔相通，臂销油缸的无杆腔与缸销油缸的有杆腔相通。具体 原理可参考上一情形，这里不再详述。
除了液压方面的限制，还可以在电气控制方面进行限制，如 图5所示，在本发明的单缸插销伸缩装置进一步加入多个液压控 制阀，分别为：第一液压控制阀Y1、第二液压控制阀Y2和第三 液压控制阀Y3。其中，第一液压控制阀Y1设置在缸销油缸2a、 2b和臂销油缸42的油腔的供油油路和回油油路上，用于对缸销 油缸2a、2b和臂销油缸42进行供回油切换。第二液压控制阀Y2 设置在缸销油缸的油腔的供油油路上，用于对缸销油缸的活塞杆 上的缸销结构的拔销和释放进行控制。第三液压控制阀Y3设置 在臂销油缸的油腔的供油油路上，用于对臂销油缸对应的双臂销 拔销装置对双臂销结构的拔销和释放进行控制。这些液压控制阀 均可采用电磁换向阀实现。
第一液压控制阀Y1控制缸销油缸2a、2b以及臂销油缸42 的供回油切换，第二液压控制阀Y2控制缸销油缸2a、2b，实现 缸销结构的拔插，拔缸销时，Y1和Y2均处于得电状态，高压油 进入缸销油缸2a、2b的小腔驱动缸销结构完成缸销从销孔中拔出 的动作，同时高压油也会进入到臂销油缸42的小腔，和复位弹簧 一起提供反作用力使臂销处于伸出状态。
第三液压控制阀Y3控制臂销油缸42的拔插，拔臂销时， Y1和Y3均处于得电状态，高压油进入臂销油缸42的大腔驱动 臂销拔插机构进行拔臂销，同时高压油也会进入到缸销油缸的大 腔，和复位弹簧一起提供反作用力使缸销处于伸出状态；缸臂销 释放是安全状态，只需将Y1电磁阀断电，即可完成缸销或臂销 的自动复位。
总结起来，在这些液压控制阀的控制逻辑中，第二液压控制 阀和第三液压控制阀不能同时得电，即使第二液压控制阀和第三 液压控制阀同时得电，由于缸销油缸无杆腔作用面积大于有杆腔 作用面积，再加上缸销复位弹簧作用力，会使缸销处于插入状态， 保证了使用安全性。而在缸销结构的拔出动作状态下，第一液压 控制阀和第二液压控制阀得电，在双臂销结构的拔出动作状态下， 第一液压控制阀和第三液压控制阀得电。在缸销结构和双臂销结 构的释放状态下，第一液压控制阀失电。这样就使得本发明的单 缸插销伸缩装置得到了液压和电气两个方面的双重互锁，确保伸 缩臂系统安全可靠的运行。
本发明的上述单缸插销伸缩装置实施例可适用于各类带有 伸缩臂系统的工程设备，例如起重机。通过单缸插销伸缩装置的 使用能够使起重臂的伸缩操作更加可靠，也更具可操作性。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技 术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还 可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保 护范围。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种单缸插销伸缩装置，应用于伸缩臂系统，其特征在 于，包括：
    伸缩油缸，用于驱动所述伸缩臂系统中的各节伸缩臂相对于 基本臂执行伸缩动作；
    双臂销结构，布置在各节伸缩臂的尾部两侧，用于实现各节 伸缩臂之间的锁定和解锁动作；
    臂销拔插机构，设置在所述伸缩油缸的缸筒上，用于对所述 双臂销结构执行拔插操作；
    缸销结构及缸销油缸，设置在所述伸缩油缸的缸筒上，用于 实现所述伸缩油缸的缸筒与各节伸缩臂之间的锁定和解锁动作。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的单缸插销伸缩装置，其特征在于， 所述双臂销结构对称布置在各节伸缩臂的尾部的左右两侧。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的单缸插销伸缩装置，其特征在于， 所述臂销拔插机构具体包括：臂销油缸、复位机构、双臂销拔销 装置和传动机构，所述臂销油缸、复位机构、双臂销拔销装置均 与所述传动机构连接，所述传动机构能够将所述臂销油缸的直线 伸缩运动转变为所述双臂销拔销装置对所述双臂销结构的直线拔 销或释放动作。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的单缸插销伸缩装置，其特征在于， 所述传动机构为连杆机构，包括第一连杆、第二连杆、第三连杆 和第四连杆，所述臂销油缸的一端和所述复位机构的一端分别与 所述第一连杆的两端铰接，所述第二连杆与所述第一连杆固定连 接，所述第一连杆能够将所述臂销油缸的直线伸缩运动转变为所 述第二连杆的旋转运动，所述第三连杆和第四连杆的一端分别与 所述第二连杆的两端铰接，所述第三连杆和第四连杆的另一端分 别与所述双臂销拔销装置铰接，所述第三连杆和第四连杆能够将 所述第二连杆的旋转运动转变为所述双臂销拔销装置的直线拔销 或释放动作。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的单缸插销伸缩装置，其特征在于， 所述臂销油缸的缸筒端固定在所述伸缩油缸的缸筒上，活塞杆端 与所述第一连杆的一端铰接。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的单缸插销伸缩装置，其特征 在于，所述复位机构包括复位弹簧和导向机构，所述导向机构对 所述复位弹簧的伸缩进行导向。
  7. 根据权利要求3所述的单缸插销伸缩装置，其特征在于， 所述双臂销结构中的臂销包括：
    安装座，具有中空内腔；
    端盖，设置在所述安装座的一端；
    销钉，设置在所述安装座的中空内腔中，用于通过在所述安 装座的中空内腔内滑动来从所述安装座的另一端伸出或缩回；
    调节螺栓，穿过所述端盖与所述销钉形成固定性连接，用于 在外力作用下带动所述销钉在所述安装座的中空内腔内滑动。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的单缸插销伸缩装置，其特征在于， 在所述端盖与所述销钉之间还设有至少一个复位弹簧。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的单缸插销伸缩装置，其特征在于， 在所述销钉上设有油嘴以及连通所述油嘴和所述安装座的中空内 腔之间的润滑油道，用于通过所述油嘴向所述销钉与所述安装座 的中空内腔输入润滑油脂，以保证所述销钉与所述安装座的中空 内腔之间的润滑接触。
  10. 根据权利要求7所述的单缸插销伸缩装置，其特征在 于，在所述销钉上还设有拔销孔和插入到所述拔销孔中的拔销螺 栓，所述端盖上设有固定杆伸入到所述拔销孔，并与所述拔销螺 栓的一端螺纹连接，所述拔销螺栓的另一端卡设在所述拔销孔中， 通过所述拔销螺栓的拧紧实现所述销钉相对于所述安装座的缩 回。
  11. 根据权利要求7所述的单缸插销伸缩装置，其特征在 于，在所述销钉中开设有通孔，并在通孔中固定设置有内套筒， 所述调节螺栓与所述内套筒螺纹连接，并通过旋转所述调节螺栓 来改变所述销钉相对于所述安装座的伸出长度。
  12. 根据权利要求3所述的单缸插销伸缩装置，其特征在 于，所述传动机构将所述臂销油缸的活塞杆直线伸出转变为所述 双臂销拔销装置对所述双臂销结构的直线拔销动作；所述臂销油 缸的有杆腔与所述缸销油缸的有杆腔相通，所述臂销油缸的无杆 腔与所述缸销油缸的无杆腔相通。
  13. 根据权利要求3所述的单缸插销伸缩装置，其特征在 于，所述传动机构将所述臂销油缸的活塞杆直线缩回转变为所述 双臂销拔销装置对所述双臂销结构的直线拔销动作；所述臂销油 缸的有杆腔与所述缸销油缸的无杆腔相通，所述臂销油缸的无杆 腔与所述缸销油缸的有杆腔相通。
  14. 根据权利要求12或13所述的单缸插销伸缩装置，其 特征在于，还包括多个液压控制阀，分别为：
    第一液压控制阀，设置在所述缸销油缸和臂销油缸的油腔的 供油油路和回油油路上，用于对所述缸销油缸和臂销油缸进行供 回油切换；
    第二液压控制阀，设置在所述缸销油缸的油腔的供油油路 上，用于对所述缸销油缸的活塞杆上的缸销结构的拔销和释放进 行控制；
    第三液压控制阀，设置在所述臂销油缸的油腔的供油油路 上，用于对所述臂销油缸对应的双臂销拔销装置对所述双臂销结 构的拔销和释放进行控制；
    在所述多个液压控制阀的控制逻辑中，所述第二液压控制阀 和第三液压控制阀不能同时得电，在所述缸销结构的拔出动作状 态下，所述第一液压控制阀和第二液压控制阀得电，在所述双臂 销结构的拔出动作状态下，所述第一液压控制阀和第三液压控制 阀得电，在所述缸销结构和双臂销结构的释放状态下，所述第一 液压控制阀失电。
  15. 一种起重机，包括伸缩臂系统，其特征在于，还包括 权利要求1～14任一所述的单缸插销伸缩装置。
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110424905A (zh) * 2019-07-24 2019-11-08 江苏如东联丰石油机械有限公司 一种带开合信号指示的新型液压吊卡
CN113682982A (zh) * 2021-08-30 2021-11-23 中联恒通机械有限公司 一种伸缩吊臂、其控制方法及吊车
CN114029719A (zh) * 2021-10-29 2022-02-11 山东省公路桥梁建设集团有限公司 一种液压插拔销轴装置及其使用方法
CN114029719B (zh) * 2021-10-29 2022-11-18 山东省公路桥梁建设集团有限公司 一种液压插拔销轴装置及其使用方法

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US20170081156A1 (en) 2017-03-23
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EP3138805B1 (en) 2020-08-05
US10479658B2 (en) 2019-11-19

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