WO2015170034A1 - Dispositif d'injection, notamment pour injecter une charge d'hydrocarbures dans une unité de raffinage. - Google Patents
Dispositif d'injection, notamment pour injecter une charge d'hydrocarbures dans une unité de raffinage. Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015170034A1 WO2015170034A1 PCT/FR2015/051132 FR2015051132W WO2015170034A1 WO 2015170034 A1 WO2015170034 A1 WO 2015170034A1 FR 2015051132 W FR2015051132 W FR 2015051132W WO 2015170034 A1 WO2015170034 A1 WO 2015170034A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- injection device
- liquid
- gas
- ducts
- liquid inlet
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 title claims description 35
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 33
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 title claims description 32
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004523 catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 43
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002050 diffraction method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004231 fluid catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 1
- CPBQJMYROZQQJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium neon Chemical compound [He].[Ne] CPBQJMYROZQQJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002663 nebulization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011949 solid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
- B01J8/24—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J4/00—Feed or outlet devices; Feed or outlet control devices
- B01J4/001—Feed or outlet devices as such, e.g. feeding tubes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G11/00—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G11/00—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G11/02—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils characterised by the catalyst used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G11/00—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G11/14—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with preheated moving solid catalysts
- C10G11/18—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with preheated moving solid catalysts according to the "fluidised-bed" technique
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00796—Details of the reactor or of the particulate material
- B01J2208/00893—Feeding means for the reactants
- B01J2208/00902—Nozzle-type feeding elements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an injection device, in particular a device for injecting hydrocarbon feedstock from a refining unit, in particular a fluid catalytic cracking unit (FCC).
- a refining unit in particular a fluid catalytic cracking unit (FCC).
- FCC fluid catalytic cracking unit
- liquid hydrocarbon feedstocks treated in the refining units are generally brought into contact with a solid catalyst which will promote the chemical reaction (s) of treatment of the feedstock.
- these liquid hydrocarbon charges are atomized into fine droplets by injection devices. This atomization makes it possible to maximize the liquid (solid hydrocarbon feedstock) -solid (catalyst) contact surface, which promotes the transfer of heat and contributes to the homogeneous distribution of the hydrocarbons within the reaction zone.
- droplets whose diameter is of the same order of magnitude as the diameter of the catalyst particles, namely less than 200 microns, for example of the order of 50 to 80 microns.
- two-phase injection devices which have a hollow cylindrical body and two inlet openings through which the charge of liquid hydrocarbons and an atomizing gas, usually steam, are injected respectively. of water, inside said body.
- a contact chamber is provided within the body, wherein the hydrocarbon feedstock and the atomizing gas are contacted to atomize the hydrocarbon feedstock.
- the hydrocarbon feed is ejected via an outlet opening opening inside the reactor.
- Each injection device is implanted on a reactor wall so that one end of the injection device comprising the outlet opening is located inside the reactor.
- impaction injection devices are known in which the charge is introduced radially and impacts a target located in the center of the body, causing the formation of droplets.
- An atomizing gas flowing axially allows to drive these droplets by dividing them further towards the exit of the body.
- Such injection devices are, however, complex and expensive to produce.
- a problem of erosion of the target can be observed, especially when the charge to be injected contains particles, which implies reinforcing the target, further increasing the cost.
- problems of rupture of the weld bonding the target with its support flange were observed in service, forcing to manufacture the target and the flange in one massive piece, which increases the cost of manufacture.
- an injection device shaped to atomize a liquid into droplets by means of a gas comprising a body having:
- a gas inlet port for connection to a gas supply duct
- liquid inlet ducts intended to be connected to at least one liquid supply duct, said liquid inlet ducts passing through said body radially or substantially radially and opening into the duct. internal of said inner pipe, these liquid inlet conduits each having an axis and being arranged so that their axes intersect at one and the same point on an axial line extending inside the inner pipe.
- axial line is meant a line which extends parallel to the axial direction of the body of the injection device.
- An axis of an inlet duct within the meaning of the invention may be defined with reference to an equidistant curve, each point of which extends equidistant from the side walls of an inlet duct, inside said duct. .
- the axis of the inlet duct is then coincident with this equidistant curve when the inlet duct is rectilinear, the equidistant curve being then a straight line.
- the inlet duct has an axial symmetry
- the axis of the inlet duct then corresponds to its axis of symmetry.
- the equidistant curve is also curved.
- the axis of the inlet duct then corresponds to the tangent to this equidistant curve at the opening of the inlet duct in the inner duct, in other words at the level where the inlet duct opens into the internal duct.
- the axis of the inlet duct corresponds to the direction of the liquid flow when it leaves the liquid inlet duct.
- the preferred inlet ducts are of cylindrical and / or frustoconical shape, and then have an axis of symmetry.
- the liquid jets introduced by these inlet ducts impinge against each other. Surprisingly, although these impacts do not occur against a solid target, they are sufficient to form droplets, which are then swept by the flowing gas in the axial direction in the inner pipe, increasing the fractionation droplets. In addition, a small pressure drop is observed between the inlet and the outlet of the injection device. It is thus possible to process heavy loads without having to use powerful and expensive pumps and without having to increase the flow of gas.
- the liquid inlet ducts may be located in the immediate vicinity of the gas inlet orifice in order to allow an immediate sweep of the droplets formed by the impact of the fluid jets exiting the liquid inlet ducts.
- liquid inlet ducts may be evenly distributed around the periphery of the internal duct.
- the axes of the inlet ducts can be cut on a central axial line of the body, in particular on an axis of symmetry of said body. This may make it possible to improve the efficiency of the injection device by positioning the point of impact of the fluid jets opposite the inlet orifice, generally centered on the axis of symmetry of the body.
- the liquid inlet ducts pass through the body of the injection device radially or substantially radially.
- radial is meant a direction that extends perpendicular to the axial direction in which the body extends.
- the axis of an inlet duct is substantially radial, it is considered that it may be slightly inclined with respect to a radial direction, for example at most 20 °, or even at most 10 °, preferably not more than 5 °.
- the axis of each liquid inlet duct may advantageously extend perpendicularly to the axial direction of said body.
- the axes of all the inlet ducts can thus extend in one and the same radial plane.
- the axes of two inlet ducts can then be confused when these ducts face each other.
- the number of liquid inlet ducts may be variable. Two inlet ducts, which are then preferably located opposite each other, their axes extending in the same radial plane, however, are sufficient to obtain the spraying of the liquid into droplets. The production of only two inlet ducts may further facilitate the production of an injector according to the invention.
- the number of liquid inlet ducts may be an even number.
- the input ducts are paired in pairs, the axes of two ducts of the same pair extending in the same plane containing the axial line.
- Two paired inlet ducts are preferably arranged opposite one another.
- the paired liquid inlet ducts may have a section of the same surface. This can make it possible to avoid having to control the flow rates and / or liquid velocity of each inlet duct in order to position the point of impact of the liquid jets substantially at the center of the body, a position that is a priori optimal for the drive. droplets by the gas entering the body through the inlet port.
- two paired inlet ducts may have a section of the same surface, but different from the surface of a section of two other paired inlet ducts.
- inlet ducts may however be simpler that all the inlet ducts have a section of the same surface, in particular identical sections.
- the number of liquid inlet ducts may also be an odd number, for example at least three.
- the inlet ducts are preferably regularly distributed on the periphery of the body. It may be preferable that all the liquid inlet ducts have a section of the same surface, in particular identical sections, in order to avoid a control of the flow rates and / or liquid velocity for positioning the point of impact of the liquid jets. in the center of the body.
- the liquid inlet ducts may project inside the internal duct. This may make it possible to avoid the formation of a flow of liquid along the internal walls of the body of the injection device. In addition, there is a better atomization of the liquid.
- an injection device having ducts of protruding liquid inlet inside the inner pipe allows a better atomization, without significant variation in the pressure drop between the inlet and the outlet of the injection device.
- the liquid inlet ducts may project from a predetermined distance, in particular from a few millimeters to a few centimeters, for example from 4 to 20 mm.
- the extension of the liquid conduits inside allows the liquid flow of each of the liquid inlet ducts to be guided in such a way that said flows collide in the most efficient manner possible.
- Each liquid inlet conduit may be directly connected to a liquid supply line.
- the outer chamber can be connected to a single liquid supply line. This can further enable to avoid a modification of the unit in which must be installed the injection device according to the invention, such units generally comprising a single liquid supply line for each injection device.
- This outer chamber may advantageously be shaped so that the liquid is distributed equitably between the different liquid inlet ducts.
- Said at least one supply line may be positioned perpendicularly or substantially perpendicular to the axial line.
- the outer chamber may have a shape of symmetry of revolution, for example a cylindrical shape, the body of the injection device also having a cylindrical section.
- the invention also relates to a reactor for treating a hydrocarbon feedstock, in particular catalytic cracking feedstock, comprising at least one injection device according to the invention arranged so that its outlet orifice opens inside said reactor.
- the invention furthermore relates to a process for the catalytic cracking of a hydrocarbon feedstock in at least one reactor, in which the hydrocarbon feedstock is injected, preferably continuously, inside said at least one reactor, said hydrocarbon feed being injected by the liquid inlet conduits of at least one injection device according to the invention, a gas simultaneously supplying each injection device through the gas inlet port.
- the hydrocarbon feedstock is usually injected at least in part in the liquid state, at a temperature ranging from room temperature to 500 ° C., for example from 80 ° C. to 300 ° C., but more generally from 200 ° C. to 200 ° C. 300 ° C.
- the hydrocarbon feedstock can be injected at a pressure of about 4 to 8 bars upstream of the injector.
- the pressure difference of the charge between the inlet and the outlet of the injector according to the invention is between 1 and 10 bar, preferably between 2 and 5 bar, whereas in the case of impact injectors according to the state of the art, it is necessary to double the pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet to obtain the same quality of nebulization.
- the gas used may be steam, or any other suitable gas, such as for example a gaseous effluent resulting from the conversion of hydrocarbons, light olefins or a mixture of these gases.
- the proportion of gas relative to the hydrocarbon feedstock can be from 1.5 to 5% by weight, for example from 2 to 4% by weight.
- the flow rates of hydrocarbon feedstock and of gas supplying each injection device may advantageously be controlled so as to obtain a hydrocarbon feedstock flow rate at the outlet of each injection device ranging from 15 to 80 t / h, preferably from 40 to 60t / h.
- This control can be obtained conventionally by means of pumps, flow meters or other.
- the speed of the hydrocarbon feedstock at the outlet of a liquid inlet duct of an injection device may be 10 to 40 m / s, for example ideally 15 m / s.
- the pressure drop of the gas entering through the inlet of an injection device can be 60% to 1 10% of the pressure drop corresponding to a critical flow regime, and can be 80% at 100%, for example 90%.
- Figure 1 shows an axial sectional view of an injection device according to one embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 2 represents an axial sectional view of an injection device according to another embodiment of the invention.
- FIGS. 3a and 3b are photographs of the sprays respectively obtained with a conventional impact injection device and with an injection device according to the embodiment of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the distribution of the average droplet size as a function of the spray angle at a relative distance from the outlet orifice, for a conventional impact injection device (reference) and for a device Injection according to the embodiment of FIG. 1 (invention) as a function of the distance to the evacuation axis (axis X of FIG. 1);
- perpendicular means a direction deviating from at most ⁇ 20 °, or even at most 10 ° or at most 5 ° of a direction parallel, perpendicular.
- Figure 1 shows an injection device 10 shaped to atomize a liquid into droplets by means of a gas.
- This injection device 10 comprises a body 12 having:
- a rectilinear internal pipe 20 connecting the inlet orifice 14 to the outlet orifice 18 in an axial direction X of the body 12.
- the inner pipe 20 forms a mixing zone of the gas and the atomized liquid. It usually has a cylindrical shape, as does the body 12, as in the present example.
- the injection device 10 may be made of one or more parts, made of steel, in particular stainless steel, or other.
- this injection device 10 comprises at least two liquid inlet ducts intended to be connected to at least one liquid supply duct. These liquid inlet ducts pass through the body 12 radially or substantially radially, and open into the internal duct 20. They each have an axis and are arranged so that these axes intersect at one and the same point on an axial line extending inside the inner pipe.
- the injection device 10 comprises two liquid inlet ducts 22 and 24 each connected to a liquid supply duct 26, 28 respectively.
- the two ducts 22, 24 each have an axis Xi, X2, which are here combined.
- the axial line coincides with the axial direction X, which here forms an axis of symmetry of the body 12 and the inner pipe 20.
- the axes Xi, X2 thus intersect the axial line X at a point I.
- the internal dimensions of the injection device shown in FIG. 1 are similar to the dimensions usually used for impact injection devices with a target whose surface extends in a plane containing the axial line X.
- the internal diameter of the openings 22a, 24a, and the inlet orifice 14, usually circular in shape as in the example shown, are of the order of one inch, or about 2.5cm.
- the inner diameter of the inner pipe 20 may be of the order of three to six inches, that is to say of the order of 7 to 16 cm, possibly even up to eight inches, or about 20 cm. As can be seen in FIG.
- the gas supply duct 16 has a convergent shape, here conical, in the direction of circulation of the gas, making it possible to accelerate the gases as they enter the internal duct 20 of the body 12.
- the inlet ducts 22, 24 open into the inner pipe 20 through openings 22a, 24a, respectively, which have a reduced surface area relative to the surface of the sections of these ducts, also to induce acceleration of the hydrocarbon charge when it enters the interior of the inner pipe 20.
- the inlet ducts 22, 24 have a conical shape, their openings 22a, 24a being circular.
- the inlet ducts 22, 24 are disposed in the immediate vicinity of the inlet orifice 14 of the body 12. This corresponds to the usual position of the inlet duct in an injection device 20. impact, with a solid target, and allows a good entrainment of the droplets formed by the gas.
- the end of the injection device 10 through which the spray of atomized liquid is generally rounded, for example spherical.
- the outlet orifice 18 of this end may have a shape similar to the shapes of conventional impact injection devices and may be chosen depending on the desired spray pattern. It can be a cylindrical, frustoconical orifice, a slot, ...
- the injection device 10 shown in FIG. 1 operates in the following manner: the hydrocarbon feedstock is injected via the conduits 22 and 24 into the internal pipe 20 of the body 12 in the directions of the arrows F1, F2 respectively.
- An atomizing gas is introduced into the inner pipe 20 via the pipe 16 and then the inlet 14 in the direction of the arrow F3.
- the two hydrocarbon charge streams from the conduits 22 and 24 come into contact with each other at the center of the inner pipe substantially on the axial line X thus inducing the formation of droplets.
- These droplets are driven by the flowing gas in the direction F3 to the outlet orifice 18 of the injection device 10.
- the droplets of the hydrocarbon feed finish to mix with the gas homogeneously before their exit through the outlet orifice 18.
- the inlet ducts 22, 24 are thus connected to two supply ducts distinct from the hydrocarbon feedstock.
- this arrangement can be cumbersome. It may then be advantageous to produce an injection device as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 2 differs from that shown in FIG. 1 essentially in the supply of hydrocarbon feedstocks to the inlet ducts.
- the same elements are designated by the same references contiguous to a premium "'".
- an injection device 10 ' also comprises a body 12' comprising an inlet opening 14 ', an outlet opening 18', and two inlet ducts 22 '; 24 ', respectively.
- a gas supply duct 16 ' is connected to the inlet opening 14'.
- the liquid inlet ducts 22 'and 24' are no longer each connected to a supply duct but are in fluid communication with an outer chamber 30 ', which coaxially surrounds the body 12' of the device injection 10 '.
- the outer chamber 30 ' has a ring-shaped section, the body 12' having a cylindrical shape.
- the inlet ducts 22 ', 24' are arranged symmetrically opposite one another, their axes ⁇ , X3 ⁇ 4 being merged and intersecting the axial line X 'at a point ⁇ .
- the outer chamber 30 ' is itself in fluid communication with a single supply conduit 25'.
- This outer chamber 30 ' may be shaped so that the liquid is distributed equitably between the two inlet ports 22' and 24 '.
- a fair distribution between the two inlet ports 22 'and 24' can be obtained when they are equidistant from the liquid supply line 25 '.
- a method according to a second embodiment consists in laterally displacing the pipe 25 'so that it opens into the outer chamber 30' towards one end 60 'or 70', said outer chamber 30 'taking the form of a distribution chamber 50' arranged so that the flow from the liquid supply line 25 'is forced to pass along a wall 40 'before passing through the inlet ducts 22', 24 'disposed at the other ends 70' or 60 '.
- This liquid supply duct 25 ' has a shape similar to the inlet ducts 22, 24 of the preceding example, namely a conical shape whose section decreases in the direction of flow of the fluids.
- the inlet ducts 22 ', 24' open at an opening 22 'a, 24'a respectively in the inner pipe 20'.
- These openings 22 'a, 24'a here have a section smaller than the section of the ducts 22', 24 'respectively. However, these sections could be of the same dimensions as the ducts 22 ', 24'.
- the ducts 22 'and 24' are of cylindrical shape, the openings 22'a, 24'a being circular.
- the sections of the openings 22a, 24a or 22'a, 24'a are of the same surface, here identical.
- FIG. 2 The operation of the injection device shown in FIG. 2 is similar to that of the injection device of FIG. 1, the arrows represented showing the flow directions of the different fluids.
- inlet ducts may in particular be envisaged, for example three distributed regularly or more, for example 4 or more depending on the dimensions of the injection device and the desired dimensions of the sections of the inlet ducts.
- An injection device similar to that described with reference to Figure 1 has been tested for the atomization of water, the gas being air.
- the device tested was made with dimensions such that the diameter of the inner pipe is 10 times smaller than the diameter of a device usually used for application in a catalytic cracking reactor.
- the injection device tested has the following dimensions: - diameter of the opening opening in the internal pipe for the injection of the liquid: 1, 56 mm,
- a conventional impact injection device of the same dimensions has also been tested.
- This conventional impact injection device has a single liquid inlet conduit and a solid target whose impact surface containing the axial line X is located opposite the liquid inlet conduit.
- Such a conventional impact injection device is similar to that shown in US4434049, but with an outlet of different shape.
- test conditions are as follows:
- Figures 3a, 3b show images of atomized liquid sprays exiting each of the injection devices. These images are recorded on a black background by direct illumination using a strobe. It is observed that the sprays obtained have similar forms, the spray obtained with the device according to the invention seems however more dense.
- the relative pressure of liquid at the inlet is measured at 10 barg for the conventional impact injection device. This value is slightly higher than the value estimated by calculation (8.2 barg).
- the relative pressure of liquid at the inlet was measured at 2.6 barg for the injection device according to the invention, a reduction of a factor of 3 to 4.
- the average size of the droplets as well as their distribution at the exit of the injection devices were measured by means of a granulometer using the laser diffractometry technique allowing the measurement:
- the apparatus used is a granulometer marketed by the company
- the light scattered forwards by the particles is collected via a Fourier lens by a receiver part, collinear with the laser, comprising a detector formed of silicon photodiodes arranged in concentric rings.
- This receiving part records the diffraction pattern resulting from the crossing of the jet of particles by the laser beam.
- the measuring range of the granulometer used covers sizes from 0, 1 ⁇ to ⁇ .
- FIG. 4 is a relative comparison of the performance of an impact injector according to the state of the art and of an injector according to the invention.
- the ordinate axis represents the mean diameter values of the droplets (relative value, arbitrary unit) measured at a distance of 300 mm from the outlet orifice parallel to the discharge axis (corresponding to the axial line X of the 1)
- the abscissa axis represents a relative value of spray width (or spray angle) (relative value, arbitrary unit) corresponding to the ratio of the measurement distance with respect to the discharge axis in FIG. a direction perpendicular to this discharge axis over the entire width of the spray.
- the value 0.0 of the abscissa axis corresponds to a measurement made on the discharge axis while the value 1, 0 corresponds to a measurement made at a maximum spray width.
- the average size of the droplets is less than 150 ⁇ .
- the injection device according to the invention makes it possible to obtain a spray of droplets similar to the impact injection devices, but with a considerably reduced pressure drop, allowing the treatment of heavy loads without having to use pumps. powerful or too much steam.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Nozzles (AREA)
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201580023815.4A CN106457190A (zh) | 2014-05-05 | 2015-04-27 | 注射设备、特别是用于向精炼装置中注入烃原料的注射设备 |
EP15725806.2A EP3140031B1 (fr) | 2014-05-05 | 2015-04-27 | Dispositif d'injection convenant à injecter une charge d'hydrocarbures dans une unité de raffinage et procédé. |
US15/306,877 US11285451B2 (en) | 2014-05-05 | 2015-04-27 | Injection device, in particular for injecting a hydrocarbon feedstock into a refining unit |
JP2016566781A JP6811615B2 (ja) | 2014-05-05 | 2015-04-27 | 精製装置へ炭化水素原料を注入するための噴射装置 |
RU2016144536A RU2685349C2 (ru) | 2014-05-05 | 2015-04-27 | Устройство впрыскивания, в частности, для впрыскивания углеводородного сырья в нефтехимическую установку |
KR1020167033917A KR102368399B1 (ko) | 2014-05-05 | 2015-04-27 | 특히 정제 유닛에 탄화수소 공급원료를 주입하기 위한 주입 디바이스 |
ES15725806T ES2725923T3 (es) | 2014-05-05 | 2015-04-27 | Dispositivo de inyección adecuado para inyectar una carga de hidrocarburos en una unidad de refinado y procedimiento |
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FR1454036 | 2014-05-05 | ||
FR1454036A FR3020578B1 (fr) | 2014-05-05 | 2014-05-05 | Dispositif d'injection, notamment pour injecter une charge d'hydrocarbures dans une unite de raffinage. |
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WO2015170034A1 true WO2015170034A1 (fr) | 2015-11-12 |
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PCT/FR2015/051132 WO2015170034A1 (fr) | 2014-05-05 | 2015-04-27 | Dispositif d'injection, notamment pour injecter une charge d'hydrocarbures dans une unité de raffinage. |
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US (1) | US11285451B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP3140031B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP6811615B2 (fr) |
KR (1) | KR102368399B1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN106457190A (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2725923T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3020578B1 (fr) |
RU (1) | RU2685349C2 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2015170034A1 (fr) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2018172473A1 (fr) * | 2017-03-24 | 2018-09-27 | Total Raffinage Chimie | Dispositif d'injection de charge d'une unite fcc a perte de charge limitee |
FR3077511A1 (fr) * | 2018-02-08 | 2019-08-09 | Total Raffinage Chimie | Dispositif d'injection de charge d'une unite fcc. |
WO2019154747A1 (fr) | 2018-02-08 | 2019-08-15 | Total Raffinage Chimie | Dispositif d'injection de charge d'une unite fcc dont la section transversale est augmentee localement |
Families Citing this family (2)
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US10712251B2 (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2020-07-14 | En'urga, Inc. | System for estimating planar drop sizes |
CN115283159B (zh) * | 2022-08-03 | 2024-02-13 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 气液液三相进料喷嘴、原料油进料方法及应用 |
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- 2015-04-27 CN CN201580023815.4A patent/CN106457190A/zh active Pending
- 2015-04-27 JP JP2016566781A patent/JP6811615B2/ja active Active
- 2015-04-27 KR KR1020167033917A patent/KR102368399B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2015-04-27 EP EP15725806.2A patent/EP3140031B1/fr active Active
- 2015-04-27 ES ES15725806T patent/ES2725923T3/es active Active
- 2015-04-27 WO PCT/FR2015/051132 patent/WO2015170034A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2015-04-27 US US15/306,877 patent/US11285451B2/en active Active
- 2015-04-27 RU RU2016144536A patent/RU2685349C2/ru active
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US5921472A (en) * | 1994-12-13 | 1999-07-13 | Spraying Systems Co. | Enhanced efficiency nozzle for use in fluidized catalytic cracking |
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Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2018172473A1 (fr) * | 2017-03-24 | 2018-09-27 | Total Raffinage Chimie | Dispositif d'injection de charge d'une unite fcc a perte de charge limitee |
FR3064196A1 (fr) * | 2017-03-24 | 2018-09-28 | Total Raffinage Chimie | Dispositif d'injection de charge d'une unite fcc a perte de charge limitee. |
US10807057B2 (en) | 2017-03-24 | 2020-10-20 | Total Raffinage Chimie | FCC unit charge injection device with limited pressure drop |
FR3077511A1 (fr) * | 2018-02-08 | 2019-08-09 | Total Raffinage Chimie | Dispositif d'injection de charge d'une unite fcc. |
WO2019154747A1 (fr) | 2018-02-08 | 2019-08-15 | Total Raffinage Chimie | Dispositif d'injection de charge d'une unite fcc dont la section transversale est augmentee localement |
WO2019154748A1 (fr) | 2018-02-08 | 2019-08-15 | Total Raffinage Chimie | Dispositif d'injection de charge d'une unite fcc |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3140031A1 (fr) | 2017-03-15 |
KR20170003959A (ko) | 2017-01-10 |
FR3020578A1 (fr) | 2015-11-06 |
RU2685349C2 (ru) | 2019-04-17 |
CN106457190A (zh) | 2017-02-22 |
US11285451B2 (en) | 2022-03-29 |
RU2016144536A (ru) | 2018-06-05 |
JP2017523025A (ja) | 2017-08-17 |
RU2016144536A3 (fr) | 2018-11-06 |
US20170043311A1 (en) | 2017-02-16 |
ES2725923T3 (es) | 2019-09-30 |
KR102368399B1 (ko) | 2022-02-28 |
FR3020578B1 (fr) | 2021-05-14 |
EP3140031B1 (fr) | 2019-02-20 |
JP6811615B2 (ja) | 2021-01-13 |
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