WO2015159570A1 - Élément protecteur - Google Patents

Élément protecteur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015159570A1
WO2015159570A1 PCT/JP2015/052922 JP2015052922W WO2015159570A1 WO 2015159570 A1 WO2015159570 A1 WO 2015159570A1 JP 2015052922 W JP2015052922 W JP 2015052922W WO 2015159570 A1 WO2015159570 A1 WO 2015159570A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
external connection
electrodes
cover member
electrode
connection terminals
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2015/052922
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
千智 小森
幸市 向
Original Assignee
デクセリアルズ株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by デクセリアルズ株式会社 filed Critical デクセリアルズ株式会社
Publication of WO2015159570A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015159570A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/74—Switches in which only the opening movement or only the closing movement of a contact is effected by heating or cooling
    • H01H37/76—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a protective element that cuts off a current path when an abnormality such as overcharge or overdischarge occurs.
  • Some types of protection elements perform overcharge protection or overdischarge protection operation of the battery pack by turning on / off the output using an FET switch built in the battery pack.
  • FET switch When the FET switch is short-circuited for some reason, when a lightning surge or the like is applied and an instantaneous large current flows, the output voltage drops abnormally due to the life of the battery cell, or conversely an excessively abnormal voltage
  • a protection element made of a fuse element having a function of cutting off the current path by an external signal is used. .
  • the protective element 80 of the protective circuit for such a lithium ion secondary battery or the like includes first and second electrodes connected on the current path.
  • a fusible conductor 83 is connected between 81 and 82 to form part of the current path, and the fusible conductor 83 on the current path is self-heated due to overcurrent or a heating element provided inside the protection element 80. There are those that melt by 84.
  • the first and second electrodes 81 and 82 are formed on the surface of the insulating substrate 85, and are electrically connected to external connection terminals 81a and 82a formed on the back surface of the insulating substrate 85 through through holes (not shown). When the terminals 81a and 82a are mounted on the connection terminals to the circuit board, they are connected to the current path formed on the circuit board.
  • the protective element 80 causes the liquid fusible conductor 83 to become the first and second electrodes 81, 82.
  • the current path is blocked by agglomeration on the top.
  • this type of protection element 80 is often used for applications having a relatively small current capacity such as a mobile phone or a notebook computer, and the fusible conductor 83 is formed with a current capacity of about 15 A at the maximum.
  • the use of lithium ion secondary batteries has been expanding in recent years, and its use in higher current applications such as electric tools such as electric drivers, transportation equipment such as hybrid cars, electric vehicles, and electric power assisted bicycles is being considered. Some have been hired. In these applications, particularly when starting up, a large current exceeding several tens of A to 100 A may flow, and the realization of a protective element corresponding to such a large current capacity is desired.
  • the first and second electrodes 81 and 82 to which the fusible conductor is connected are connected to the external connection terminals 81a and 82a and the protection circuit through through holes formed in the insulating substrate.
  • a conductive layer is formed by printing a conductive paste, and the first and second electrodes 81 and 82 and the external connection terminals 81a and 82a are electrically connected through the conductive layer.
  • the conductive paste filled in the through hole has a solvent component added to achieve a viscosity enabling printing, and shrinks when the solvent component volatilizes by firing, creating voids in the through hole, etc.
  • the conductive layer cannot be formed thick.
  • a glass component that does not contribute to electrical conduction is added to the conductive paste in order to maintain a constant shape between the metal particles.
  • the protection element 80 increases the resistance in the process of pulling the first and second electrodes 81 and 82 to the outside through the through holes, and the resistance of the soluble conductor can be reduced. Therefore, it is difficult to achieve a high rating for the entire device.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a protective element capable of reducing the resistance in the path through which the first and second electrodes are drawn to the outside, improving the overall rating of the element, and capable of handling large current applications.
  • a protection element is electrically connected to an insulating substrate, a heating element, first and second electrodes stacked on the insulating substrate, and the heating element.
  • the resistance can be easily reduced by arbitrarily selecting the material and shape of the first and second external connection terminals. Therefore, the protection element according to the present invention has a resistance value due to the first and second external connection terminals provided first from the fusible conductor as compared with the conventional protection element drawn out to the external connection electrode through the through hole. Will not rise. Thereby, the protection element can improve the rating of the current path between the first and second external connection terminals and can cope with a large current.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the inside of a protection element to which the present invention is applied.
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the inside of the protection element to which the present invention is applied.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a protection element to which the present invention is applied.
  • 4A and 4B are perspective views showing the cover member, in which FIG. 4A shows the top surface side and FIG. 4B shows the bottom surface side.
  • FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a battery pack in which a protection element is incorporated.
  • FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of the protection element.
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of another protective element to which the present invention is applied.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of another protective element to which the present invention is applied.
  • FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing the inside of a conventional protection element, (A) is a perspective view, and (B) is a cross-sectional view.
  • the protection element 1 to which the present invention is applied includes an insulating substrate 11, a heating element 12 stacked on the insulating substrate 11, and first and second layers stacked on the insulating substrate 11. Electrodes 13, 14, a heating element extraction electrode 15 electrically connected to the heating element 12, and the first and second electrodes 13 and 14 are stacked from the heating element extraction electrode 15 to the first and second electrodes 13, 14.
  • a soluble conductor 16 serving as a current path between the electrodes 13 and 14 and a cover member 17 covering the surface of the insulating substrate 11 on which the first and second electrodes 13 and 14 are provided.
  • the insulating substrate 11 is formed in a substantially square shape using an insulating member such as alumina, glass ceramics, mullite, zirconia, and the like.
  • the insulating substrate 11 may be made of a material used for a printed wiring board such as a glass epoxy board or a phenol board, but it is necessary to pay attention to the temperature at which the fusible conductor is blown.
  • First and second electrodes 13 and 14 are formed on opposite side edges of the insulating substrate 11.
  • the first and second electrodes 13 and 14 are electrically connected by connecting a fusible conductor 16.
  • the first and second electrodes 13 and 14 are electrically connected to first and second external connection terminals 21 and 22 formed on a cover member 17 which will be described later.
  • the protective element 1 is connected to the current path of the external circuit through the connection terminals 21 and 22.
  • the first and second electrodes 13 and 14 can be formed, for example, by printing and baking a refractory metal paste such as an Ag paste.
  • the heating element 12 is laminated on the surface of the insulating substrate 11 and covered with an insulating member 18.
  • the heating element 12 is a conductive member that has a relatively high resistance value and generates heat when energized, and is made of, for example, W, Mo, Ru, or the like. These alloys, compositions, or compound powders are mixed with a resin binder or the like to form a paste on the insulating substrate 11 by patterning using a screen printing technique and firing.
  • the heating element 12 has a heating element extraction electrode 15 connected to one end and a heating element electrode 19 connected to the other end.
  • the heating element extraction electrode 15 is extracted from one end of the heating element 12 between the first and second electrodes 13 and 14, and a soluble conductor 16 described later is mounted thereon.
  • the heating element electrode 19 is formed on the surface of the insulating substrate 11 and is electrically connected to a third external connection terminal 23 formed on a cover member 17 described later.
  • the heating element 12 is connected to an external circuit through the heating element electrode 19 and the third external connection terminal 23.
  • an insulating member 18 is disposed so as to cover the heating element 12, and a heating element extraction electrode 15 is disposed so as to face the heating element 12 through the insulating member 18.
  • the insulating member 18 for example, glass can be used.
  • the protective element 1 has an insulating member 18 laminated between the heating element 12 and the insulating substrate 11 in order to efficiently transmit the heat of the heating element 12 to the soluble conductor, and the heating element 12 is placed on the surface of the insulating substrate 11. It may be provided inside the formed insulating member 18.
  • any metal that is quickly melted by the heat generated by the heating element 12 can be used.
  • a low-melting-point metal such as Pb-free solder whose main component is Sn can be suitably used.
  • the soluble conductor 16 may be formed by laminating a low melting point metal and a high melting point metal.
  • a laminated structure of a low melting point metal and a high melting point metal for example, a structure in which a low melting point metal foil is coated with a high melting point metal plating can be cited. It may be formed.
  • solder such as Pb-free solder containing Sn as a main component
  • the high melting point metal it is preferable to use Ag, Cu or an alloy containing these as main components.
  • the protective element 1 when the protective element 1 is reflow mounted, even if the reflow temperature exceeds the melting temperature of the low melting point metal and the low melting point metal melts, Outflow to the outside can be suppressed and the shape of the soluble conductor 16 can be maintained. In addition, even when fusing, the low melting point metal melts, and the high melting point metal is eroded (soldered), so that the fusing can be quickly performed at a temperature lower than the melting point of the high melting point metal.
  • the soluble conductor 16 is solder-connected to the heating element extraction electrode 15, the first electrode 13, and the second electrode 14.
  • the protection element 1 has a current path extending between the first and second electrodes 13 and 14 via the soluble conductor 16.
  • the low melting point metal provided in the lower layer is made of Pb-free solder, and this low melting point metal is used to connect to the heating element extraction electrode 15 and the first and second electrodes 13 and 14. Can do.
  • the protective element 1 is coated with a flux 20 on the soluble conductor 16 in order to prevent oxidation of the soluble conductor 16 and improve wettability when the soluble conductor 16 is melted.
  • FIG. 4A is a perspective view showing the upper surface side of the cover member 17, and FIG. 4B is a perspective view showing the bottom surface side of the cover member 17.
  • the cover member 17 protects the inside and connects the first and second electrodes 13 and 14 to an external circuit, and can be formed of an engineering plastic or the like.
  • the cover member 17 has a side surface portion 17a connected to the surface of the insulating substrate 11, and a top surface portion 17b.
  • the cover member 17 is connected to the first electrode 13 and exposed to the outside, and the first external connection terminal 21 exposed to the outside, and the second electrode 14 is connected to the second electrode 14 and exposed to the outside.
  • a connection terminal 22 is formed.
  • the first and second external connection terminals 21 and 22 are connected to the first and second electrodes 13 and 14 and to the connection electrodes of the circuit board on which the protection element 1 is mounted. Thereby, as for the protection element 1, the current path between the 1st, 2nd electrodes connected via the soluble conductor 16 is integrated on the current path of an external circuit.
  • the first and second external connection terminals 21 and 22 are made of a conductive material such as a metal post or a metal plate, and are integrally formed with the cover member 17 by insert molding or the like. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the first external connection terminal 21 is a terminal portion 21 a that has one end pulled out to the top surface portion 17 b side of the cover member 17 and connected to a connection electrode of an external circuit, and the other end. A connection portion 21 b that faces the inside of the cover member 17 and is connected to the first electrode 13 is formed.
  • one end of the second external connection terminal 22 is a terminal portion 22 a that is pulled out toward the top surface portion 17 b of the cover member 17 and connected to a connection electrode of an external circuit, and the other end faces the inside of the cover member 17.
  • the connection portion 22 b is connected to the second electrode 14.
  • the cover member 17 is mounted on the surface of the insulating substrate 11 so that the connection portions 21b and 22b of the first and second external connection terminals 21 and 22 are on the first and second electrodes 13 and 14, respectively. Be positioned.
  • the connection portions 21b and 22b and the first and second electrodes 13 and 14 are conductively connected via a conductive adhesive material such as solder.
  • the protection element 1 has a current path between the first and second electrodes 13 and 14 connected via the fusible conductor 16 to the outside via the first and second external connection terminals 21 and 22. Pulled out.
  • the first and second external connection terminals 21 and 22 formed using a conductive material such as a metal post or a metal plate can be easily reduced in resistance by arbitrarily selecting a material, a shape, or the like. Can be aimed at. Therefore, the protective element 1 is resistant to resistance by the first and second external connection terminals 21 and 22 provided first from the fusible conductor 16 as compared with the conventional protective element drawn out to the external connection electrode through the through hole. The value never increases.
  • the protection element 1 can improve the rating of the current path between the first and second external connection terminals 21 and 22 and can cope with a large current. That is, the protective element 1 has an improved rating of the conduction resistance between the first and second external connection terminals 21 and 22 even in a large current application such as a lithium ion secondary battery used as a power source such as HEV and EV. Can be lowered sufficiently to meet the requirements.
  • the protection element 1 is configured so that the terminal portions 21 a and 22 a of the first and second external connection terminals 21 and 22 are pulled out to the top surface portion 17 b side of the cover member 17, so that the top surface portion 17 b side of the cover member 17 is disposed. It is the mounting surface on the circuit board.
  • Such a protective element 1 is provided with first and second electrodes 13 and 14, a heating element 12, a soluble conductor 16, and the like on the surface side of the insulating substrate 11, and first and second external connection terminals 21. , 22 is connected, and the top surface portion 17b of the cover member 17 is used as a mounting surface on the circuit board. Therefore, it is not necessary to process external connection electrodes on the back surface of the insulating substrate 11, The manufacturing process can be simplified.
  • the cover member 17 has a third external connection terminal 23 connected to the heating element electrode 19.
  • the third external connection terminal 23 is made of a conductive material such as a metal post or a metal plate. It is molded integrally. Further, the third external connection terminal 23 has a terminal portion 23 a that is drawn out toward the top surface portion 17 b of the cover member 17 and connected to a connection electrode of an external circuit, and the other end is exposed to the inside of the cover member 17.
  • the connecting portion 23 b is connected to the heating element electrode 19.
  • the third external connection terminals 23 are formed on the side surfaces adjacent to the side surfaces on which the first and second external connection terminals 21 and 22 are provided, and are provided on the side surfaces facing each other as shown in FIG. May be.
  • the protective element 1 includes first and second electrodes 13 and 14 and first and second external connection terminals 21 and 22 formed at symmetrical positions, and two third electrodes corresponding to the position of the heating element electrode 19. By forming the external connection terminals 23 at symmetrical positions, the cover member 17 can be mounted regardless of the orientations of the first and second external connection terminals and the third external connection terminal 23.
  • the protection element 1 is configured such that the combined resistance value of the first external connection terminal 21 and the second external connection terminal 22 is lower than the conduction resistance value between the first and second electrodes 11 and 12. preferable.
  • the rating of the protection element 1 is determined mainly by the resistance value of the soluble conductor 16 itself, and is not affected by the first and second external connection terminals 21 and 22. That is, the current rating of the protection element 1 can be determined by the resistance value of the fusible conductor 16, and a desired current value can be guaranteed, and the current path can be blown by self-heating when the rated current is exceeded.
  • the resistance values of the first and second external connection terminals 21 and 22 can be obtained from the material, shape, and size.
  • the protection element 1 obtains the total resistance value of the entire element from the resistance value between the first and second external connection terminals 21 and 22, and the first and second external connections that are known as the total resistance value.
  • the conduction resistance between the first and second electrodes 13 and 14 can be obtained from the difference from the combined resistance of the terminals 21 and 22.
  • the protective element 1 measures the resistance between the first and second electrodes 13 and 14 and determines the combined resistance of the first and second external connection terminals 21 and 22 based on the difference from the total resistance value of the entire element. Can be requested.
  • the protection element 1 is configured such that the first and second external connection terminals 21 and 22 and the soluble conductor 16 are directly connected by mounting the cover member 17 on the surface of the insulating substrate 11. Good.
  • the protective element 1 has a lower resistance by directly connecting the first and second external connection terminals 21 and 22 and the fusible conductor 16 without going through the first and second electrodes 13 and 14. Can be planned.
  • Such a protection element 1 is used by being incorporated in a circuit in a battery pack 30 of a lithium ion secondary battery, for example.
  • the battery pack 30 has a battery stack 35 including battery cells 31 to 34 of a total of four lithium ion secondary batteries, for example.
  • the battery pack 30 includes a battery stack 35, a charge / discharge control circuit 40 that controls charging / discharging of the battery stack 35, a protection element 1 to which the present invention that cuts off charging when the battery stack 35 is abnormal, and each battery cell A detection circuit 36 for detecting voltages 31 to 34 and a current control element 37 for controlling the operation of the protection element 1 according to the detection result of the detection circuit 36 are provided.
  • the battery stack 35 is a series of battery cells 31 to 34 that need to be controlled to protect against overcharge and overdischarge states, and is detachable via the positive terminal 30a and the negative terminal 30b of the battery pack 30.
  • the electronic device can be operated by connecting the positive electrode terminal 30a and the negative electrode terminal 30b of the battery pack 30 charged by the charging device 45 to an electronic device operating with a battery.
  • the charge / discharge control circuit 40 includes two current control elements 41 and 42 connected in series to a current path flowing from the battery stack 35 to the charging device 45, and a control unit 43 that controls the operation of these current control elements 41 and 42. Is provided.
  • the current control elements 41 and 42 are configured by, for example, field effect transistors (hereinafter referred to as FETs), and control the gate voltage by the control unit 43 to control conduction and interruption of the current path of the battery stack 35.
  • FETs field effect transistors
  • the control unit 43 operates by receiving power supply from the charging device 45, and controls the current so as to cut off the current path when the battery stack 35 is overdischarged or overcharged according to the detection result by the detection circuit 36. The operation of the elements 41 and 42 is controlled.
  • the protection element 1 is connected to, for example, a charge / discharge current path between the battery stack 35 and the charge / discharge control circuit 40, and its operation is controlled by the current control element 37.
  • the detection circuit 36 is connected to the battery cells 31 to 34, detects the voltage values of the battery cells 31 to 34, and supplies the voltage values to the control unit 43 of the charge / discharge control circuit 40.
  • the detection circuit 36 outputs a control signal for controlling the current control element 37 when any one of the battery cells 31 to 34 becomes an overcharge voltage or an overdischarge voltage.
  • the current control element 37 is constituted by, for example, an FET, and when the voltage value of the battery cells 31 to 34 exceeds a predetermined overdischarge or overcharge state by a detection signal output from the detection circuit 36, the current control element 37 is a protection element. 1 is operated to control the charge / discharge current path of the battery stack 35 to be cut off regardless of the switching operation of the current control elements 41 and 42.
  • the protection element 1 to which the present invention is applied has a circuit configuration as shown in FIG.
  • the protection element 1 generates heat by melting the soluble conductor 16 by causing the soluble conductor 16 connected in series via the heating element lead electrode 15 and the connection point of the soluble conductor 16 to energize and generate heat.
  • This is a circuit configuration including the body 12.
  • the current control element 37 is connected via the third external connection terminal 23 in which the fusible conductor 16 is connected in series on the charge / discharge current path and the heating element 12 is connected to the heating element electrode 19.
  • the first electrode 13 of the protection element 1 is connected to the battery stack 35 via a first external connection terminal 21 provided on the cover member 17.
  • the second electrode 14 of the protection element 1 is connected to the positive electrode terminal 30 a side via a second external connection terminal 22 provided on the cover member 17.
  • the protective element 1 having such a circuit configuration can cut off the current path of the battery pack 30 by fusing the soluble conductor 16 by the heat generated by the heating element 12.
  • the protection element of the present invention is not limited to use in a battery pack of a lithium ion secondary battery, and can of course be applied to various uses that require interruption of a current path by an electric signal.
  • the protective element 1 has the terminal portions 21 a and 22 a of the first and second external connection terminals 21 and 22 pulled out from the side surface portion 17 a of the cover member 17 to the side opposite to the top surface portion 17 b.
  • the back side of the insulating substrate 11 may be a mounting surface on the circuit board.
  • the protection element 1 includes the first and second electrodes 13 and 14, the heating element 12, the soluble conductor 16, and the like on the surface side of the insulating substrate 11, and the first and second electrodes. Since the cover member 17 on which the external connection terminals 21 and 22 are formed is connected, it is not necessary to process the external connection electrodes on the back surface of the insulating substrate 11, and the manufacturing process can be simplified.
  • the protective element 1 has the terminal portions 21a and 22a of the first and second external connection terminals 21 and 22 pulled out from the side surface portion 17a of the cover member 17 to the side, and other than surface mounting. You may connect with an external circuit by the method of.
  • the protection element 1 includes the first and second electrodes 13 and 14, the heating element 12, the soluble conductor 16, and the like on the surface side of the insulating substrate 11. Since the cover member 17 on which the external connection terminals 21 and 22 are formed is connected, it is not necessary to process the external connection electrodes on the back surface of the insulating substrate 11, and the manufacturing process can be simplified.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Fuses (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un élément protecteur permettant d'atteindre une faible résistance dans un chemin dans lequel une électrode est sortie, améliorant ainsi la valeur nominale pour la totalité de l'élément, et pouvant prendre en charge des applications à fort courant. L'élément comprend : une plaque de base d'isolation (11) ; un corps générateur de chaleur (12) et des première et seconde électrodes (13, 14) stratifiées sur la plaque de base d'isolation (11) ; une électrode (15) sortant du corps générateur de chaleur électriquement connectée au corps générateur de chaleur (12) ; un conducteur fusible (16) stratifié au-dessus des première et seconde électrodes (13, 14) et de l'électrode (15) sortant du corps générateur de chaleur, servant de chemin de courant entre les première et seconde électrodes (13, 14) ; et un organe de couvercle (17) recouvrant la surface de la plaque de base d'isolation (11). Une première borne de connexion externe (21) connectée à la première électrode (13) et exposée à l'extérieur, et une seconde borne de connexion externe (22) connectée à la seconde électrode (14) et exposée à l'extérieur sont formées dans l'organe de couvercle (17).
PCT/JP2015/052922 2014-04-15 2015-02-03 Élément protecteur WO2015159570A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2014-083659 2014-04-15
JP2014083659A JP6356470B2 (ja) 2014-04-15 2014-04-15 保護素子

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2015159570A1 true WO2015159570A1 (fr) 2015-10-22

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PCT/JP2015/052922 WO2015159570A1 (fr) 2014-04-15 2015-02-03 Élément protecteur

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JP (1) JP6356470B2 (fr)
TW (1) TWI652712B (fr)
WO (1) WO2015159570A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TWI597754B (zh) 2016-05-20 2017-09-01 聚鼎科技股份有限公司 保護元件及其電路保護裝置
CN106229215B (zh) * 2016-08-03 2019-04-12 湖北三江航天红林探控有限公司 一种热致动接电开关
JP6811590B2 (ja) * 2016-11-10 2021-01-13 デクセリアルズ株式会社 保護素子
JP2022137860A (ja) * 2021-03-09 2022-09-22 株式会社オートネットワーク技術研究所 回路装置

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2011243584A (ja) * 2011-08-05 2011-12-01 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 電力用半導体装置
JP2013229295A (ja) * 2012-03-29 2013-11-07 Dexerials Corp 保護素子

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2011243584A (ja) * 2011-08-05 2011-12-01 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 電力用半導体装置
JP2013229295A (ja) * 2012-03-29 2013-11-07 Dexerials Corp 保護素子

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TWI652712B (zh) 2019-03-01
JP6356470B2 (ja) 2018-07-11
JP2015204226A (ja) 2015-11-16
TW201539509A (zh) 2015-10-16

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