WO2015154723A1 - 一种解决机动车船喇叭emc电磁干扰的方法及喇叭 - Google Patents

一种解决机动车船喇叭emc电磁干扰的方法及喇叭 Download PDF

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WO2015154723A1
WO2015154723A1 PCT/CN2015/076419 CN2015076419W WO2015154723A1 WO 2015154723 A1 WO2015154723 A1 WO 2015154723A1 CN 2015076419 W CN2015076419 W CN 2015076419W WO 2015154723 A1 WO2015154723 A1 WO 2015154723A1
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horn
motor vehicle
microfarads
capacitor
total capacity
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PCT/CN2015/076419
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English (en)
French (fr)
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万喻
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万喻
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Priority to EP15776751.8A priority Critical patent/EP3131092A4/en
Priority to JP2017504232A priority patent/JP6782690B2/ja
Priority to BR112016023684-0A priority patent/BR112016023684B1/pt
Priority to US15/303,487 priority patent/US10368165B2/en
Publication of WO2015154723A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015154723A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R3/007—Protection circuits for transducers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K9/00—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers
    • G10K9/12—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers electrically operated
    • G10K9/13—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers electrically operated using electromagnetic driving means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K9/00—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers
    • G10K9/12—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers electrically operated

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a motor vehicle horn, and in particular to an electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) in a motor vehicle horn.
  • EMC electromagnetic compatibility
  • the electronic horn is much better than the electromechanical horn in terms of EMC, the electronic horn itself cannot be effectively suppressed by the electromagnetic interference generated by the horn electromagnetic coil because of the cost and the space inside the horn. Meanwhile, the electronic horn is in BCI (Bulk current). Injection) When the high-frequency and high-current injection interference test is performed, the horn oscillation system may be abnormal or even stopped at some frequency points to cause horn damage.
  • BCI Bulk current
  • the horn In the process of switching the on-board electrical equipment, such as the transient interference caused by the capacitance of the wiring harness when the motor or ignition system is turned on and off, the horn emits a conductive emission (CE, Conducted Emission) and radiation.
  • CE Conducted Emission
  • the frequency band of the RE (Radiated Emission) test is severely exceeded.
  • the BCI high-frequency high-current injection interference test and the interference pulse injection test in the ISO7637 standard even the horn is damaged. For this reason, the automobile manufacturer can only give in. receive. Speaker EMC is not up to standard has become a manufacturer of electronic horns problem.
  • the horn Since the horn is a fully enclosed metal casing, the horn casing is grounded during testing or loading, so approximately 95% of the conducted emissions and radiated emissions are leaking from the horn supply terminals.
  • the international standard CIRS 25 conducts emission and radiation emission is seriously exceeded (Fig. 3). For this reason, the manufacturers of electronic horns have tried various ways to absorb the high-frequency electromagnetic interference generated when the horn is operated. The common methods are as follows.
  • the first type is to absorb the capacitor at both ends of the coil of the main interference generating source horn driving electromagnet.
  • the disadvantage is that the capacitance capacity is increased to a certain extent, so that the audio pulse string of the driving horn electromagnet is bypassed by the capacitor, so that the horn driving current increases.
  • the electromagnet drive power is reduced, and the interference suppression effect is not effectively improved. And the speaker sound is reduced and cannot be used.
  • the main interference generating source horn drive electromagnet coil is absorbed by the series capacitor resistor at both ends, although the current of the audio pulse train driving the horn electromagnet through the capacitor resistor bypass is reduced, and the horn drive current is decreased.
  • it has not been effectively improved due to the suppression of interference and cannot be used.
  • the ends of the horn-driven electromagnet coil are absorbed by a transient diode or a fast recovery diode.
  • the speaker drive current is increased, but the electromagnet drive power is reduced, and the speaker's power consumption exceeds the standard sound, which makes it unusable.
  • the series resistance on the diode can reduce the increase of the drive current to a certain extent, the interference suppression effect is not effectively improved and cannot be used.
  • the fourth type because the working current of the horn is 2-6A, the conventional method is to install the inductor and the high-frequency capacitor below 1 micro-method and magnetic ring filter at the input end of the power supply, because the bulk of the speaker can not be installed inside, and the interference suppression effect is also There is no effective improvement and it cannot be used.
  • the method of suppressing absorption is used to solve the CIRS25 interference unqualified problem, but the EMC index of the horn always does not meet the CIRS25 standard because of the poor effect.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic or electromechanical horn for a motor vehicle, comprising at least one capacitor having a total capacity of about 220-10000 microfarads connected in parallel at the input end of the horn power source to eliminate electromagnetic radiation and Electrical interference caused by conduction and coupling.
  • the total capacity of the capacitor may preferably be 470-6000 microfarads, and more preferably 1000-4000 microfarads.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic or electromechanical horn for a marine vehicle, comprising at least one capacitor connected in parallel at both ends of the horn power supply, the capacitance of the capacitor being sufficiently large, so that the internal resistance of the working frequency of the horn is less than a certain Threshold.
  • the threshold is about 2 ⁇ , preferably the internal resistance of the capacitor is less than 1 ⁇ , and further preferably the internal resistance of the capacitor is less than 0.5 ⁇ .
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for eliminating electromagnetic interference of an electronic or electromechanical horn for a motor vehicle, comprising: paralleling at least one capacitor having a total capacity of about 220-10000 microfarads at a speaker power input end, so as to Eliminate electromagnetic interference and electrical interference caused by conduction and coupling.
  • the total capacity of the capacitor may preferably be about 470-6000 microfarads, and more preferably about 1000-4000 microfarads.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for eliminating electromagnetic interference of an electronic or electromechanical horn for a motor vehicle, comprising: paralleling at least one capacitor at both ends of the horn power supply, the capacitance of the capacitor being sufficiently large to be within a working frequency of the horn
  • the resistance is less than a certain threshold.
  • the threshold is about 2 ⁇ , preferably the internal resistance of the capacitor is less than 1 ⁇ , and further preferably the internal resistance of the capacitor is less than 0.5 ⁇ .
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device for use in a motor vehicle vessel, including at least one capacitor having a total capacity of about 220-10000 microfarads connected in parallel at a power input end to eliminate electromagnetic radiation and conduction and coupling. Caused by electrical interference.
  • the total capacity of the capacitor may preferably be about 470-6000 microfarads, and more preferably about 1000-4000 microfarads.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides an electromagnetic interference canceling method for an electronic device used in a motor vehicle, comprising at least one capacitor having a total capacity of about 220-10000 microfarads connected in parallel at a power input end of the electronic device, In order to eliminate electromagnetic interference and electrical interference caused by conduction and coupling.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a motor vehicle, including an electronic device, and at least one capacitor connected in parallel at a power supply end or a line of the electronic device, the capacitance being sufficiently large, and the total capacity is about 220-10000 microfarads.
  • the total capacity of the capacitor may preferably be about 470-6000 microfarads, and more preferably about 1000-4000 microfarads.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for eliminating electromagnetic interference of a motor vehicle, wherein the motor vehicle includes an electronic device, and the method includes paralleling at least one capacitor in a power supply end or a line of the electronic device, the capacitance of the capacitor being sufficiently large.
  • the total capacity of the capacitor may preferably be about 470-6000 microfarads, and more preferably about 1000-4000 microfarads.
  • the embodiment of the invention effectively solves the problem that the horn emits a certain frequency band in the transmission and radiation emission sections according to the CIRS 25 test, and also solves the problem that the interference pulse injection test in the BCI high-frequency large-current injection interference test and the ISO7637 standard is even caused.
  • the problem of horn damage is a problem that the horn emits a certain frequency band in the transmission and radiation emission sections according to the CIRS 25 test, and also solves the problem that the interference pulse injection test in the BCI high-frequency large-current injection interference test and the ISO7637 standard is even caused. The problem of horn damage.
  • Figure 1 is a motor vehicle horn according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a test pattern of the above capacitors in the 0.53---1.7MHz band of the CIRS25 test without adding 220---10000 microfarads;
  • Figure 3 is a test pattern of the 4400 microfarad capacitor in the 0.53---1.7MHz band of the CIRS25 test.
  • the car horn manufacturer's solution used the high-frequency suppression absorption method to solve the problem of unqualified electromagnetic radiation in the high frequency band of the horn, but it always failed, mainly due to the conducted emission and radiation emission interference level generated by the horn.
  • the standard requires that the level of 42dBuV is very low, and the internal interference resistance of the conventional interference canceling device is far from enough to effectively absorb the low amplitude conducted emission and the radiation emission interference.
  • capacitors can be various types including electrolytic capacitors. It can completely solve the problem of excessive radiation of CIRS25; moreover, it has obvious indicators such as RE (Radiated Emission) radiated electromagnetic emission disturbance test, CE (Conducted Emission) conducted electromagnetic emission disturbance test, BCI (Bulk current injection) high frequency and large current injection test. Improvements have made the electronic horn EMC specifications fully compliant.
  • the total capacity of the capacitor is preferably 470-6000 microfarads, and more preferably 1000-4000 microfarads.
  • the internal resistance of the speaker operating frequency (300-600 Hz) is less than a certain threshold as low as milliohms. (m ⁇ ) level, it can effectively interfere with the various types of conducted and radiated emissions generated by the horn electromagnet in the horn.
  • the threshold is approximately 2 ⁇ .
  • the internal resistance of the capacitor is less than 1 ⁇ , and further preferably the internal resistance of the capacitor is less than 0.5 ⁇ .
  • the motor vehicle horn includes a coil SP, and the oscillating circuit OSC provides a driving signal for the power amplifier circuit T1, and the power amplifier circuit thereby generates a power current signal, and the power current signal is filtered by the capacitor C2 to pass the horn through the coil SP. Sounds.
  • At least one capacitor C1 with a total capacity of about 220-10000 microfarads at the input of the horn power supply.
  • the at least one capacitor of the parallel is sufficiently large that the internal resistance relative to the horn operating frequency (300-600 Hz) is as low as milliohms (m ⁇ ).
  • This example uses 4400 micro-method high-frequency low internal resistance electrolytic capacitors, making the electronic horn EMC indicators fully comply with the standard.
  • a capacitor with a capacitance greater than 10,000 microfarads has a small improvement in electromagnetic radiation and is relatively insignificant due to capacitance volume and cost factors.
  • Figure 2 is a test pattern of the capacitor of the 0.53---1.7mhz band power supply without adding 220---10000 microfarad in the CIRS25 test. As shown in Figure 2, the standard requires that the radiation does not exceed 42dBuV, and the actual maximum value has reached 87dBuV, which has been seriously exceeded.
  • Figure 3 is the 0.53---1.7mhz band speaker power supply plus 4400 microfarad in the CIRS25 test.
  • the test pattern of the capacitor, the standard requires that the radiation does not exceed 42dBuV, and the actual maximum value is only 18dBuV, the effect is very significant.
  • At least one capacitor having a total capacity of about 220-10000 microfarads is connected in parallel with the horn power supply input to eliminate electromagnetic interference and electrical interference caused by conduction and coupling.
  • the total capacity of the capacitor may preferably be 500-6000 microfarads, and more preferably 1000-4000 microfarads.
  • At least one of the total capacitances of about 220-10000 microfarads can be connected in parallel at the power input end of the electronic equipment used in the motor vehicle to eliminate electromagnetic radiation and electrical conduction and coupling. interference.
  • a motor vehicle including an electronic device
  • at least one capacitor is connected in parallel at a power supply end or a line of the electronic device, the capacitance is sufficiently large, and the total capacity is about 220-10000 microfarads of capacitance, so as to eliminate Electromagnetic interference and electrical interference caused by conduction and coupling.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
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Abstract

一种机动车船用喇叭，包括在喇叭电源输入端并联的至少一只总容量在约220-10000微法的电容（C2），以便消除电磁辐射、传导和耦合导致的电磁干扰。一种机动车船用喇叭的电磁干扰消除方法、用在机动车船的电子设备以及机动车船。解决了机动车船用喇叭按CIRS 25测试时传导发射（CE）和辐射发射（RE）超限的问题，使得喇叭EMC指标符合标准。

Description

一种解决机动车船喇叭EMC电磁干扰的方法及喇叭 技术领域
本发明涉及机动车船喇叭，具体地说涉及机动车喇叭中的电磁兼容性EMC(Electromagnetic Compatibility)。
背景技术
目前世界上机动车喇叭90％是机电式喇叭，其优点是造价低缺点是寿命短、但电磁辐射干扰严重。在以往汽车上电子设备不多时这个缺点并不严重可忽略不计。随着时代发展，车载电子设备急剧增加，从原来的收音机扩展到发动机控制、刹车防抱死、转向机控制、门窗控制、空调控制和车身控制、信息系统等很多领域。原有的喇叭在使用中由于电磁干扰问题除了对收音机电视机等有干扰外，有的车型在按喇叭时可引起车辆自动换档，空调自动开启或停止，更为严重的是在按喇叭时会使ABS刹车系统短暂失灵，极大地影响行车安全。
为此,从上个世纪80年代起电子式汽车喇叭应运而生。虽然电子喇叭在EMC方面比机电式喇叭有很大改善，但由于电子喇叭本身受成本和喇叭内空间限制，无法对喇叭电磁线圈产生的电磁干扰有效的抑制；同时，电子喇叭在BCI(Bulk current injection)高频大电流注入干扰测试时，在一些频点会使喇叭振荡系统异常甚至停振造成喇叭损坏。
在车载电器设备开关过程中，如电机或点火系统通断时受线束分布电容电感引起的瞬态干扰现象，使得喇叭按CIRS 25测试时传导发射(CE，Conducted Emission，即传导电磁发射)、辐射发射RE(Radiated Emission，即辐射电磁发射骚扰测试)部分频段严重超限，在BCI高频大电流注入干扰测试和ISO7637标准中干扰脉冲注入测试时甚至导致喇叭损坏，为此汽车生产厂家只能让步接收。喇叭EMC不达标已成为电子喇叭制造业的一个 难题。
由于喇叭是金属全封闭的外壳，无论在测试或装车使用时喇叭外壳是接地的，因此传导发射、辐射发射干扰大约95％是从喇叭供电端子泄露的。现有喇叭至今在EMC电磁兼容测试时，国际标准CIRS 25传导发射、辐射发射严重超标(图3)。为此电子喇叭的生产厂家想尽了各种办法来吸收抑制喇叭工作时产生的高频电磁干扰。常见的方法有下列几种。
第一种，在主要干扰产生源喇叭驱动电磁铁线圈两端用电容吸收，缺点是电容容量加大到一定程度会使驱动喇叭电磁铁的音频脉冲串通过电容旁路，致使喇叭驱动电流增加却减小了电磁铁驱动功率，因对干扰抑制作用也没有有效改善。和导致喇叭声音减小无法使用。
第二种，在主要干扰产生源喇叭驱动电磁铁线圈两端用串联电容电阻吸收，虽然会使驱动喇叭电磁铁的音频脉冲串流经电容电阻旁路的电流减小，喇叭驱动电流增加减小，但因对干扰抑制作用也没有有效改善，无法使用。
第三种，喇叭驱动电磁铁线圈两端用装瞬变二极管或快恢复二极管吸收。但由于受二极管开关的续流影响，致使喇叭驱动电流增加却减小了电磁铁驱动功率，喇叭功耗超标声音减小导致无法使用。在二极管上串联电阻虽然能在一定程度上减小驱动电流增加，但对干扰抑制作用也没有有效改善，也无法使用。
第四种，因喇叭工作电流在2-6A，常规办法在电源输入端加装电感和1微法以下的高频电容、磁环滤波，因其体积大喇叭内装不下，而且对干扰抑制作用也没有有效改善，也无法使用。
类似上述形形色色的方法来吸收线圈的反电势，归根结底都是试图用抑制吸收的方法来解决CIRS25干扰不合格问题，但因效果不佳所以喇叭的EMC指标始终不符合CIRS25的标准。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种能够克服上述缺点的电路。
在第一方面，本发明实施例提供一种机动车船用电子式或机电式喇叭，包括在喇叭电源输入端并联的至少一只总容量在约220-10000微法的电容，以便消除电磁辐射及传导和耦合导致的电气干扰。电容的总容量可以优选为470-6000微法，进一步优选为1000-4000微法。
在第二方面，本发明实施例提供一种机动车船用电子式或机电式喇叭，包括在喇叭电源两端并联的至少一只电容，该电容容量足够大，使得相对喇叭工作频率内阻小于一定阈值。阈值约2Ω，优选电容内阻低于1Ω，进一步优选电容内阻低于0.5Ω。
在第三方面，本发明实施例提供一种机动车船用电子式或机电式喇叭的电磁干扰消除方法，包括在喇叭电源输入端并联至少一只总容量在约220-10000微法的电容，以便消除电磁辐射及传导和耦合导致的电气干扰。电容的总容量可以优选为约470-6000微法，进一步优选为约1000-4000微法。
在第四方面，本发明实施例提供一种机动车船用电子式或机电式喇叭电磁干扰消除方法，包括在喇叭电源两端并联至少一只电容，该电容容量足够大，使得相对喇叭工作频率内阻小于一定阈值。阈值约2Ω，优选电容内阻低于1Ω，进一步优选电容内阻低于0.5Ω。
在第五方面，本发明实施例提供一种用在机动车船的电子设备，包括在电源输入端并联的至少一只总容量在约220-10000微法的电容，以便消除电磁辐射及传导和耦合导致的电气干扰。电容的总容量可以优选为约470-6000微法，进一步优选为约1000-4000微法。
在第六方面，本发明实施例提供一种用在机动车船的电子设备的电磁干扰消除方法，包括在电子设备在电源输入端并联的至少一只总容量在约220-10000微法的电容，以便消除电磁辐射及传导和耦合导致的电气干扰。
在第七方面，本发明实施例提供一种机动车船，包括电子设备，和在电子设备供电端或线路中并联的至少一只电容，该电容容量足够大，总容量在约220-10000微法的电容，以便消除电磁辐射及传导和耦合导致的电气干扰。电容的总容量可以优选为约470-6000微法，进一步优选为约 1000-4000微法。
在第八方面，本发明实施例提供一种机动车船的电磁干扰消除方法，机动车船包括电子设备，所述方法包括在电子设备供电端或线路中并联至少一只电容，该电容容量足够大，总容量在约220-10000微法的电容，以便消除电磁辐射及传导和耦合导致的电气干扰。电容的总容量可以优选为约470-6000微法，进一步优选为约1000-4000微法。
本发明实施例有效解决了喇叭按CIRS 25测试时传导发射、辐射发射部分频段严重超限的问题，同时还解决了在BCI高频大电流注入干扰测试和ISO7637标准中干扰脉冲注入测试时甚至导致喇叭损坏的问题。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例的机动车喇叭；
图2是CIRS25测试中0.53---1.7MHz频段喇叭电源端没加220---10000微法的以上电容的测试图形；
图3是CIRS25测试中0.53---1.7MHz频段喇叭电源端加4400微法的电容的测试图形。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明进行详细、清楚、完整的说明。显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
经调查研究发现，以往汽车喇叭生产厂家解决方案都是采用高频抑制吸收方法解决喇叭高频段电磁辐射不合格的问题，但是始终收效不佳，主要是喇叭产生的传导发射、辐射发射干扰电平标准要求42dBuV的电平很低，常规的消除干扰的器件内阻远不足以对低幅值传导发射、辐射发射干扰进行有效吸收。
经申请人多次试验研究发现，不同设计的电子喇叭，只要在喇叭电源两端并联1或数只总容量在220--10000微法的电容(电容可以是各种类型包括电解电容)，就可完全解决CIRS25辐射超标问题；而且，对RE(Radiated Emission)辐射电磁发射骚扰测试，CE(Conducted Emission)传导电磁发射骚扰测试，BCI(Bulk current injection)高频大电流注入测试等指标都有明显改善，使得电子喇叭EMC各项指标完全符合标准。电容的总容量优选为470-6000微法，进一步优选为1000-4000微法。
根据电容的容抗公式Xc＝1/(2πf C)，可看出：只要在喇叭电源两端并联电容容量足够大，相对喇叭工作频率(300-600Hz)内阻小于一定的阈值低至毫欧(mΩ)级，就可对喇叭电磁铁产生的各种传导发射、辐射发射干扰在喇叭内有效短路吸收。阈值约为2Ω。优选地，电容内阻低于1Ω，进一步优选电容内阻低于0.5Ω。同时对高频大电流注入BCI、及传导和耦合导致的各种干扰的抑制都能满足CIRS25和ISO7637标准的要求。
图1是本发明实施例的机动车喇叭。如图1所示，机动车喇叭包括一个线圈SP，振荡电路OSC为功率放大器电路T1提供驱动信号，功率放大器电路由此产生功率电流信号，该功率电流信号经电容C2滤波后通过线圈SP使喇叭发声。
通过在喇叭电源输入端并联至少一只总容量在约220-10000微法的电容C1，消除电磁辐射及传导和耦合导致的电气干扰。在另一个例子中，该并联的至少一只电容容量足够大，使得相对喇叭工作频率(300-600Hz)内阻低至毫欧(mΩ)级。
本实例采用4400微法高频低内阻电解电容，使得电子喇叭EMC各项指标完全符合标准。电容大于10000微法对电磁辐射进一步改善就很小，而且由于电容体积和成本因素相对没有很大意义。
图2是CIRS25测试中0.53---1.7mhz频段喇叭电源端没加220---10000微法的电容的测试图形。如图2所示，标准要求辐射不超过42dBuV，实际最高值已达87dBuV，已经严重超标。
图3是CIRS25测试中0.53---1.7mhz频段喇叭电源端加4400微法的 电容的测试图形，标准要求辐射不超过42dBuV，实际最高值仅达18dBuV，效果非常显著。
这种在车载终端电子装置(设备)电源两端并联1或数只总容量在220--10000微法的电容的消除传导发射、辐射发射干扰的方法，除了能广泛应用于各种电子喇叭，对机电喇叭消除传导发射、辐射发射干扰也十分有效，可大大扩展机电式喇叭的应用空间。同时也可应用于各种车载电子装置、设备消除传导发射、辐射发射干扰。也可接在机动车连接全车电器装置的线束上应用。
在另一个实施例中，在机动车船用机电式喇叭中，在喇叭电源输入端并联至少一只总容量在约220-10000微法的电容，以便消除电磁辐射及传导和耦合导致的电气干扰。电容的总容量可以优选为500-6000微法，进一步优选为1000-4000微法。
在又一个实施例中，可以在用在机动车船的电子设备上，在电源输入端并联的至少一只总容量在约220-10000微法的电容，以便消除电磁辐射及传导和耦合导致的电气干扰。
在再一个实施例中，在包括电子设备的机动车船中，在电子设备供电端或线路中并联至少一只电容，该电容容量足够大，总容量在约220-10000微法的电容，以便消除电磁辐射及传导和耦合导致的电气干扰。
以上所述的具体实施方式，对本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明，所应理解的是，以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施方式而已，并不用于限定本发明的保护范围，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种机动车船用电子式或机电式喇叭，包括在喇叭电源输入端并联的至少一只总容量在约220-10000微法的电容，以便消除电磁辐射及传导和耦合导致的电气干扰。
  2. 一种机动车船用电子式或机电式喇叭，包括在喇叭电源两端并联的至少一只电容，该电容容量足够大，使得相对喇叭工作频率内阻小于一定阈值。
  3. 一种机动车船用电子式或机电式喇叭的电磁干扰消除方法，包括在喇叭电源输入端并联至少一只总容量在约220-10000微法的电容，以便消除电磁辐射及传导和耦合导致的电气干扰。
  4. 一种机动车船用电子式或机电式喇叭的电磁干扰消除方法，包括在喇叭电源两端并联至少一只电容，该电容容量足够大，使得相对喇叭工作频率内阻小于一定阈值。
  5. 一种用在机动车船的电子设备，包括在电源输入端并联的至少一只总容量在约220-10000微法的电容，以便消除电磁辐射及传导和耦合导致的电气干扰。
  6. 一种用在机动车船的电子设备的电磁干扰消除方法，包括在电子设备在电源输入端并联的至少一只总容量在约220-10000微法的电容，以便消除电磁辐射及传导和耦合导致的电气干扰。
  7. 一种机动车船，包括电子设备，和在电子设备供电端或线路中并联的至少一只电容，该电容容量足够大，总容量在约220-10000微法的电容，以便消除电磁辐射及传导和耦合导致的电气干扰。
  8. 一种机动车船的电磁干扰消除方法，机动车船包括电子设备，所述方法包括在电子设备供电端或线路中并联至少一只电容，该电容容量足够大，总容量在约220-10000微法的电容，以便消除电磁辐射及传导和耦合导致的电气干扰。
  9. 如权利要求1的机动车船用电子式喇叭，其中电容的总容量为约500-6000微法，进一步优选为约1000-4000微法。
  10. 如权利要求3的机动车船用机电式喇叭，其中电容的总容量为约470-6000微法，进一步优选为约1000-4000微法。
  11. 如权利要求5的用在机动车船的电子设备，其中电容的总容量为约470-6000微法，进一步优选为约1000-4000微法。
  12. 如权利要求6的用在机动车船的电子设备的电磁干扰消除方法，，其中电容的总容量为约470-6000微法，进一步优选为约1000-4000微法。
  13. 如权利要求7的机动车船，，其中电容的总容量为470-6000微法，进一步优选为约1000-4000微法。
  14. 如权利要求8的机动车船的电磁干扰消除方法，其中电容的总容量为约470-6000微法，进一步优选为约1000-4000微法。
  15. 如权利要求2所述的机动车船用机电式喇叭或机动车船用机电式喇叭的电磁干扰消除方法，其中阈值约为2Ω，优选地内阻低于1Ω，进一步优选地内阻低于0.5Ω。
PCT/CN2015/076419 2014-04-11 2015-04-13 一种解决机动车船喇叭emc电磁干扰的方法及喇叭 WO2015154723A1 (zh)

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