WO2015154400A1 - 电动自行车轮毂电机装置 - Google Patents

电动自行车轮毂电机装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015154400A1
WO2015154400A1 PCT/CN2014/088265 CN2014088265W WO2015154400A1 WO 2015154400 A1 WO2015154400 A1 WO 2015154400A1 CN 2014088265 W CN2014088265 W CN 2014088265W WO 2015154400 A1 WO2015154400 A1 WO 2015154400A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
outer ring
gear
main shaft
clutch
fixed
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2014/088265
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
贺先兵
王海华
周奇
丁俊
徐大军
Original Assignee
苏州八方电机科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 苏州八方电机科技有限公司 filed Critical 苏州八方电机科技有限公司
Priority to EP14888625.2A priority Critical patent/EP3131184A4/en
Publication of WO2015154400A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015154400A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/08—Structural association with bearings
    • H02K7/083—Structural association with bearings radially supporting the rotary shaft at both ends of the rotor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M11/00—Transmissions characterised by the use of interengaging toothed wheels or frictionally-engaging wheels
    • B62M11/04—Transmissions characterised by the use of interengaging toothed wheels or frictionally-engaging wheels of changeable ratio
    • B62M11/14—Transmissions characterised by the use of interengaging toothed wheels or frictionally-engaging wheels of changeable ratio with planetary gears
    • B62M11/16—Transmissions characterised by the use of interengaging toothed wheels or frictionally-engaging wheels of changeable ratio with planetary gears built in, or adjacent to, the ground-wheel hub
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M11/00—Transmissions characterised by the use of interengaging toothed wheels or frictionally-engaging wheels
    • B62M11/04—Transmissions characterised by the use of interengaging toothed wheels or frictionally-engaging wheels of changeable ratio
    • B62M11/14—Transmissions characterised by the use of interengaging toothed wheels or frictionally-engaging wheels of changeable ratio with planetary gears
    • B62M11/18—Transmissions characterised by the use of interengaging toothed wheels or frictionally-engaging wheels of changeable ratio with planetary gears with a plurality of planetary gear units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M6/00—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with additional source of power, e.g. combustion engine or electric motor
    • B62M6/40—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor
    • B62M6/60—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor power-driven at axle parts
    • B62M6/65—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor power-driven at axle parts with axle and driving shaft arranged coaxially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
    • H02K7/116—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with gears
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/14—Structural association with mechanical loads, e.g. with hand-held machine tools or fans

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hub motor suitable for use in an electric vehicle, in particular an electric bicycle.
  • the existing common hub motors are generally composed of a main shaft, a wound stator, a rotor, a sun gear, a reduction assembly, a hub shell, a planetary reduction mechanism, and a one-way clutch.
  • the detailed structure can be referred to the structure patent number ZL201220268825.8. Chinese utility model patent.
  • the motor When the motor is energized, the power source generated by the winding stator and the rotor drives the rotor to rotate.
  • the rotor gear on the rotor drives the planetary deceleration system and the one-way clutch to rotate.
  • the inner ring gear fixed on the hub directly transmits torque to the hub, so that the hub Rotate.
  • the planetary reduction mechanism used in such a hub motor has the disadvantages of relatively low deceleration and small output torque.
  • the traditional wheel hub motor can only be used with the external transmission due to its function and structure limitation.
  • the appearance is complicated and unattractive, the internal space is not properly utilized, and the internal shifting system cannot be implanted to better drive the electric bicycle.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an in-wheel motor having a large output torque and a multi-speed internal shifting function in response to the above problems.
  • the electric bicycle hub motor device comprising a horizontally arranged main shaft, a hub housing rotatably mounted outside the main shaft, a stator and a rotor disposed in the hub housing, and a gear reduction mechanism
  • the stator is fixed on the main shaft
  • the gear reduction structure includes a rotor gear fixed to the rotor and coaxially sleeved outside the main shaft, a planet carrier fixed on the hub casing and sleeved outside the main shaft, a planetary shaft rotatably disposed on the planet carrier, a left planetary gear and a right planetary gear fixed to the planetary shaft, and a sun gear fixedly disposed on the main shaft, wherein the left planetary gear meshes with the rotor gear, The right planetary gear meshes with the sun gear.
  • the sun gear is a one-way clutch
  • the one-way clutch includes a clutch inner ring and a clutch outer ring that is unidirectionally locked with the inner ring of the clutch, wherein the inner ring of the clutch is fixed to the main shaft and is outside the clutch
  • An outer ring gear that meshes with the right planetary gear is disposed on the ring.
  • the outer ring gear and the outer ring of the clutch are integrated.
  • the planetary shaft is provided with at least two right planetary gears, and the diameters of the right planetary gears are different;
  • the clutch outer ring is provided with a plurality of outer teeth that are in one-to-one correspondence with the right planetary gears.
  • the ring gear, the outer ring gear can be circumferentially rotatably sleeved on the outer ring of the clutch, and the outer ring gear is axially fixed with the outer ring of the clutch, and the outer ring of the clutch and the outer ring gear are further disposed to be circumferentially A locking mechanism that is fixed together.
  • the right end of the clutch outer ring protrudes outside the hub casing and a crank disk is mounted, and a second one-way clutch is disposed between the rotor gear and the main shaft.
  • the locking mechanism comprises a sliding sleeve axially slidably sleeved on the main shaft, and for driving the sliding sleeve to axially slide on the main shaft and axially positioning the sliding sleeve on the main shaft
  • the sliding positioning device is disposed in the outer ring of the clutch, and a radial through hole is formed in the outer ring of the clutch corresponding to each outer ring gear, and the radial through hole is disposed a spring piece stuck on the outer ring of the clutch, the spring piece is snap-fitted with a roller located outside the spring piece, and the inner side of the spring piece is disposed in the radial through hole and can be radially a radially moving ball of the through hole, wherein the outer ring gear is formed with a matching groove corresponding to the roller, and the sliding sleeve is formed to be capable of resisting the ball edge when the sliding sleeve axially slides on the main shaft
  • the radial through hole moves outward
  • the slip positioning device comprises a compression spring which is sleeved on the main shaft and is sandwiched between the main shaft and the sliding sleeve, a central shaft hole which is opened on the main shaft, and a thimble which is arranged in the central shaft hole and is connected with the sliding sleeve. And a paddle for engaging the thimble for axially moving the thimble in the central shaft hole, the paddle being drivingly connected to the shifting handle on the handlebar of the electric bicycle through a shifting line.
  • the slip positioning device is a solenoid valve.
  • the planetary shaft is further fixed with a sub-planetary gear having a diameter smaller than that of each of the right planetary gears, and the outer ring of the clutch is sleeved with a sub-outer ring gear that meshes with the sub-planetary gear, and the sub-outer
  • the ring gear and the outer ring of the clutch are connected by a third one-way clutch.
  • a support bearing is disposed between the sliding sleeve and the main shaft, the support bearing has a relatively rotatable bearing inner ring and a bearing outer ring, and the sliding sleeve is axially slidably sleeved on the bearing outer ring Upper, and the bearing inner ring is fixed on the main shaft.
  • the hub motor device of the present invention does not have an inner ring gear fixed to the hub shell as in the prior art, but directly fixes the planet carrier to the hub shell, and drives the hub to rotate through the rotation of the planet carrier.
  • a single secondary gear reduction transmission system is designed, which realizes the output function of large reduction ratio and high torque, improves the working efficiency of the motor, and can reduce the magnetic material usage of the DC motor and reduce the cost.
  • the rider when the motor is energized, the rider can also assist the operation of the motor by stepping on the pedal of the bicycle, and the size of the artificial assist can be adjusted.
  • the hub motor device of the present invention when the motor is powered off and the bicycle is in a riding state, the rider can also drive the wheel hub to rotate forward by stepping on the bicycle pedal, and the size of the artificial assist can be adjusted.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view (partial cross-sectional view) of an electric bicycle hub motor device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view (partial cross-sectional view) of an electric bicycle hub motor device according to a second embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view (partial cross-sectional view) of an electric bicycle hub motor device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view (partial cross-sectional view) of an electric bicycle hub motor device according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view (partial cross-sectional view) of an electric bicycle hub motor device according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a partial schematic structural view of an electric bicycle hub motor device in Embodiment 5;
  • Figure 7 is a second partial schematic structural view of the electric bicycle hub motor device in the fifth embodiment.
  • 1-spindle 2-wheel housing, 2a-shell body, 2b-shell end cap, 3-stator, 4-rotor, 5-rotor gear, 6-carrier, 7-planetary, 8-left planetary gear, 9 - Right planetary gear, 10-sun gear, 10a-clutch inner ring, 10b-clutch outer ring, 10c-outer ring gear, 10d-pair outer ring gear, 11-second one-way clutch, 12-disc, 13- Third one-way clutch, 13-turn sleeve gear, 14-sleeve sleeve, 14a-convex ring, 15-roller, 16-pin, 17-pressure spring, 18-central shaft hole, 19-external transmission, 20-pair Planetary gear, 22-spring piece.
  • Embodiment 1 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • FIG. 1 shows a specific embodiment of the electric bicycle hub motor assembly of the present invention comprising a horizontally disposed spindle 1 having a hub housing 2 rotatable about the spindle by bearings (not shown)
  • the hub casing 2 is composed of a casing body 2a and a casing end cover 2b which are fixed to each other.
  • the hub casing 2 is provided with a stator 3, a rotor 4 and a gear reduction mechanism, wherein the stator is fixed on the main shaft 1, which is an outer rotor inner stator structure used in this example.
  • the key improvement of this embodiment is that the gear reduction mechanism is completely different from the structure of the conventional gear reduction mechanism, as follows:
  • the gear reduction mechanism in this example is mainly composed of the rotor gear 5, the carrier 6, the planetary shaft 7, the left planetary gear 8, the right planetary gear 9, and the sun gear 10.
  • the rotor gear 5 is rotatably coaxially sleeved on the main shaft 1, and the rotor gear 5 is fixed to the rotor 4.
  • the bearing (not shown) is further supported between the rotor gear 5 and the main shaft 1.
  • the planet carrier 6 is circumferentially rotatable outside the main shaft 1, and the carrier 6 is fixed to the inner wall of the hub casing 2.
  • the planetary shaft 7 is rotatably disposed on the planet carrier 6 via a bearing (not shown), and the planetary shaft 7 is arranged in parallel with the main shaft 1, and the planetary shaft 7 may be one or more, in this case Three (only one visible in the picture).
  • the number of the left planetary gear 8 and the right planetary gear 9 is the same as the number of the planetary shafts 7, the diameter of the left planetary gear 8 is larger than that of the right planetary gear 9, and the left planetary gear 8 and the right planetary gear 9 are both fixed to the planetary shaft 7.
  • the sun gear 10 is fixed to the main shaft 1.
  • the left planetary gear 8 meshes with the rotor gear 5, and the right planetary gear 9 meshes with the sun gear 10. If we want to further increase the reduction ratio of the gear reduction mechanism, we can also add a corresponding reduction transmission between the rotor gear 5 and the left planetary gear 8.
  • the motor is energized to rotate the rotor 4 counterclockwise in the right-view direction of FIG. 1, and the rotor 4 drives the rotor gear 5 to rotate counterclockwise around the main shaft 1, thereby transmitting the rotational torque of the motor to the carrier 6, so that the carrier 6 and
  • the hub shell 2 rotates clockwise around the main shaft 1 to drive the electric bicycle forward, and the right planetary gear 9 revolves clockwise around the sun gear 10.
  • the sun gear 10 is a one-way clutch, which is a conventional conventional structure, and includes a clutch inner ring 10a and a clutch outer ring 10b that is unidirectionally locked with the inner ring of the clutch, wherein
  • the clutch inner ring 10a is fixed to the main shaft 1 by the lock key (the clutch outer ring 10b is not directly connected to the main shaft 1), and the outer ring 10b of the clutch is provided with an outer ring gear 10c that meshes with the right planetary gear 9,
  • the outer ring gear 10c and the clutch outer ring 10b are of a unitary structure.
  • the advantage of the sun gear 10 adopting the above structure is that the clutch outer ring 10b is free to rotate around the inner clutch ring 10a when the electric bicycle is advanced without power or the pedal driving speed is greater than the motor driving speed. The rotation of the rotor 4 is driven, thereby reducing the forward resistance of the electric bicycle.
  • Embodiment 2 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • FIG. 2 shows a further embodiment of the electric bicycle hub motor device of the present invention.
  • the wheel hub motor device of the present embodiment is improved on the basis of the structure of the first embodiment, and the main improvements are as follows:
  • the hub motor unit changes the structure of the shaft hole of the right end of the hub shell 2 on the basis of FIG. 1, and an outer transmission 19 (conventional structure) for assembling a multi-speed shifting sprocket is installed between the hub shell 2 and the main shaft 1.
  • an outer transmission 19 (conventional structure) for assembling a multi-speed shifting sprocket is installed between the hub shell 2 and the main shaft 1.
  • the motor is not energized, adjusting the outer transmission 19 can achieve the conventional multi-step shifting function of the shift bicycle.
  • Embodiment 3 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 3
  • Fig. 3 shows a third embodiment of the electric bicycle hub motor device of the present invention.
  • the hub motor device of the embodiment is improved on the basis of the structure of the first embodiment, and the main improvement is as follows. :
  • a total of two right planetary gears 9 are disposed on the planetary shaft 7, and the diameters of the right planetary gears 9 are different from each other, and are sequentially increased from left to right in FIG.
  • the clutch outer ring 10b is provided with two outer ring gears 10c that are in one-to-one engagement with the two right planetary gears 9.
  • These outer ring gears 10c are not integrally formed with the clutch outer ring 10b as in the first embodiment, but can be circumferentially rotatably sleeved on the clutch outer ring 10b, and the outer ring gear 10c and the outer clutch ring 10b are axially arranged. fixed.
  • a lock mechanism capable of fixing the two circumferential directions together is provided between the clutch outer ring 10b and the outer ring gear 10c.
  • the number of the outer ring gear 10c and the right planetary gear 9 is not limited to two, and may be three, four, five, ....
  • the present embodiment also adopts the following structure: the right end of the clutch outer ring 10b protrudes out of the hub shell 2 and has a tooth mounted thereon.
  • the disc 12 is provided with a second one-way clutch 11 between the rotor gear 5 and the main shaft 1.
  • the second one-way clutch 11 also adopts a conventional structure, which includes an inner ring and an outer ring that is unidirectionally locked with the inner ring.
  • the inner ring of the second one-way clutch is fixed to the main shaft 1 and the outer ring of the second one-way clutch It is fixed to the rotor gear 5 such that the rotor gear 5 can only rotate one way around the main shaft 1 and cannot rotate in both directions.
  • the locking mechanism having the above functions may adopt various structures well known in the mechanical field.
  • the locking mechanism adopts the following structure: as shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 6, and FIG. 7, it includes a sliding sleeve 14 axially slidably sleeved on the main shaft 1), and a sliding positioning for driving the sliding sleeve 14 to axially slide on the main shaft 1 and axially positioning the sliding sleeve on the main shaft Device.
  • the sliding sleeve 14 is received in the clutch outer ring 10b.
  • a plurality of radial through holes are formed in the clutch outer ring 10b corresponding to each of the outer ring gears 10c, and the radial through holes are provided with spring pieces 22 which are caught on the outer ring 10b of the clutch.
  • a roller 15 on the outer side of the spring piece is snap-fitted to the spring piece 22, and a ball 21 located in the radial through hole and radially movable along the radial through hole is disposed inside the spring piece 22.
  • the outer ring gear 10c is formed with a matching groove (not shown) corresponding to the roller 15.
  • the sliding sleeve 14 is formed on the sliding sleeve 14 to be movable outwardly along the radial through hole when the sliding sleeve is axially slid on the main shaft 1, thereby pressing the spring piece 22 to deform, thereby causing the sliding sleeve 14 to deform.
  • the roller 15 fixed to the spring piece 22 is moved into the engagement groove, and the outer ring gear and the clutch outer ring 10b are circumferentially fixed to the convex ring 14a.
  • the slip positioning device having the above functions may employ various structures well known in the mechanical field, such as a solenoid valve, and in the present embodiment, the slip positioning device adopts the following structure: it includes a sleeve 1 And a compression spring 17 sandwiched between the main shaft 1 and the sliding sleeve 14, a central shaft hole 18 opened in the main shaft 1, a thimble 16 disposed in the central shaft hole 18 and connected to the sliding sleeve 14, and the thimble
  • the contact fit is used for dialing a paddle (not shown) that moves axially in the central shaft hole 18, and the paddle passes through a shifting line (not shown) and on the handlebar of the electric bicycle.
  • the shifting handle (not shown) is connected.
  • the rider can adjust the shifting handle on the handlebar to drive the picking action through the shifting line, and then push the ejector pin 16 along the central shaft hole 18 of the main shaft 1 in the figure. 1 moves to the left, thereby pushing the sliding sleeve 14 to move quantitatively along the main shaft 1; or, under the elastic force of the compression spring 17, the sliding sleeve 14 and the thimble 16 are moved to the right in the center axis hole 18 of the main shaft 1 in FIG. .
  • the quantitative movement of the sliding sleeve 14 and the convex ring 14a thereon at a plurality of positions causes the balls 21 at any position on the clutch outer ring 10b (the rider can select itself by controlling the shifting handle) to move radially outward, thereby
  • the compression spring piece 22 deforms the spring piece. After the spring piece 22 is deformed, there is a tendency for the roller 15 fixed thereon to move outward.
  • the roller 15 is partially deformed by the deformation elastic force of the spring piece 22. It enters the fit slot of the outer ring gear while the other part remains in the clutch outer ring 10b.
  • the outer ring gear 10c of different diameters and the outer ring 10b of the clutch are circumferentially fixed, thereby changing the reduction ratio of the gear reduction structure, that is, changing the output torque of the motor rotor 4 to the hub casing 2, thereby making the hub motor
  • the device has multiple gear shifts (in this case, three gears).
  • the rider can also assist the operation of the motor by manpower to help the motor to provide additional torque for the rotation of the hub shell 2, which is specifically achieved by the rider pedaling the pedal of the bicycle to drive the crankset. 12 is rotated clockwise in the right-view direction of Fig.
  • the crankset re-drives the clutch outer ring 10b and the outer ring gear 10c fixed circumferentially with the clutch outer ring 10b to rotate clockwise around the inner clutch ring 10a.
  • the outer ring gear 10c is capable of applying a clockwise torque other than the rotor of the motor to the hub casing 2 through the right planetary gear 9 engaged therewith.
  • the diameter of each outer ring gear 10c is different, when the rider selects the clutch outer ring 10b to be circumferentially fixed with the different outer ring gear 10c, the rider's artificial assist force to the hub motor is different, thereby The multi-gear boost function of the hub motor is realized.
  • the rider can also adjust the shifting handle on the handlebar so that one of the outer ring gear 10c and the outer clutch ring 10b are circumferentially locked and fixed.
  • the rider pedals the pedal of the bicycle to drive the crankset 12 to rotate clockwise in the right-view direction of FIG. 1, and the crankset drives the clutch outer ring 10b and the outer ring gear fixed circumferentially with the clutch outer ring 10b. 10c rotates clockwise.
  • the outer ring gear 10c Since the rotor gear 4 does not rotate clockwise around the main shaft 1 under the action of the second one-way clutch 11, the outer ring gear 10c applies a clockwise rotational moment to the carrier 6, thereby driving the hub shell 2 to rotate clockwise. Realize the bicycle's advancement. If the speed of the rider stepping on the pedal is constant, since the diameter of each of the outer ring gears 10c is different, when the rider selects the clutch outer ring 10b to be circumferentially fixed with the different outer ring gear 10c, the rotational speed of the hub outer casing 2 In other words, the multi-speed shifting function of the hub motor is realized.
  • the outer ring gear 10c having the largest diameter (the rightmost left side in FIG. 2) and the clutch outer ring 10b can be selected to be fixed in the circumferential direction; if the rider pursues The climbing ability of the bicycle can be selected from the outer ring gear 10c (the rightmost side in FIG. 2) having the smallest diameter and the gear fixed in the circumferential direction of the clutch outer ring 10b.
  • the second clutch 11 between the rotor gear 4 and the main shaft 1 is disengaged and is free to slide.
  • a sub-planetary gear 20 having a smaller diameter than each of the right planetary gears 9 is fixed to the planetary shaft 7, and the sub-planetary gear 20 in FIG. 4 is located on the left side of all the right planetary gears 9, and the left planet
  • the clutch outer ring 10b is further provided with a sub-outer ring gear 10d that meshes with the sub-planetary gear 20, and a third single is passed between the sub-outer ring gear 10d and the clutch outer ring 10b.
  • the third one-way clutch 13 also adopts a conventional structure, which includes an inner ring and an outer ring that is unidirectionally locked with the inner ring.
  • the inner ring of the third one-way clutch is fixed or integrated with the outer ring 10d of the clutch.
  • the outer ring of the three-way clutch is fixed or integrated with the auxiliary outer ring gear 10d.
  • a support bearing (not shown) is disposed between the sliding sleeve 14 and the main shaft 1.
  • the support bearing adopts a conventional structure with a relatively rotatable bearing inner ring and a bearing outer ring, and the sliding sleeve 14 is fixed.
  • the inner ring of the bearing is axially slidably sleeved on the main shaft 1.
  • Embodiment 4 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 4:
  • FIG. 4 shows a fourth embodiment of the electric bicycle hub motor device of the present invention.
  • the electric bicycle hub motor device of the present embodiment is modified based on the structure of the third embodiment, and the main modifications are as follows:
  • the right end of the clutch outer ring 10b does not protrude outside the hub casing 2, the crank disk 12 is directly fixedly coupled to the hub casing 2, and the second one-way clutch 11 of the third embodiment is not mounted between the rotor gear 5 and the main shaft 1.
  • Embodiment 5 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 5:
  • FIG. 5 shows a fifth embodiment of the electric bicycle hub motor device of the present invention.
  • the electric bicycle hub motor device of the present embodiment is different from the fourth embodiment only in that the motor is not mounted on the motor in this example. Disk 12.
  • the "radial direction" and the "axial direction” are referred to by the main shaft 1 unless otherwise specified.
  • the hub motors of the first embodiment and the fourth embodiment are mostly used as the electric bicycle front drive hub motor
  • the hub motors of the second embodiment, the third embodiment and the fifth embodiment are mostly used as the electric bicycle rear drive hub motor.
  • the carrier 6 and the contour housing 2 in the above embodiments 1 to 5 are of a unitary structure, and the two are integrally formed.

Abstract

一种电动自行车轮毂电机装置，它包括水平布置的主轴（1）、可转动地安装在该主轴（1）外的轮毂外壳（2）、设于所述轮毂外壳（2）内的定子（3）和转子（4）、以及齿轮减速机构，其中定子（3）固定在主轴（1）上，所述齿轮减速机构包括与转子（4）固定且同轴套设在所述主轴（1）外的转子齿轮（5）、固定在轮毂外壳（2）上且套在主轴（1）外的行星架（6）、可转动地穿设在行星架（6）上的行星轴（7）、固定在所述行星轴（7）上的左行星齿轮（8）和右行星齿轮（9）、以及固定套设在所述主轴（1）上的太阳齿轮（10），其中左行星齿轮（8）与转子齿轮（5）啮合，右行星齿轮（9）与太阳齿轮（10）啮合。上述电动自行车轮毂电机装置的电机输出力矩大且具有内变速功能。

Description

电动自行车轮毂电机装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种轮毂电机，适用于电动车特别是电动自行车中。
背景技术
现有的普通轮毂电机一般均由主轴、绕线定子、转子、太阳轮、减速组件、轮毂壳、行星减速机构和单向离合器等组件构成，其详细结构可参照其结构专利号为ZL201220268825.8 的中国实用新型专利。电机通电工作时，绕线定子与转子产生的动力源带动转子转动，转子上的转子齿轮带动行星减速系统和单向离合器转动，经过固定在轮毂上的内齿圈直接向轮毂传递扭矩，使轮毂旋转。这种轮毂电机所采用的行星减速机构存在减速比较小、输出扭矩小的缺点。
而且传统轮毂电机因其功能与结构的限制，只能与外置变速器配合使用，外观复杂，不美观，内部空间未得到合理的利用，不能植入内变速系统以更好的驱动电动自行车。
发明内容
本发明目的是：针对上述问题，提供一种输出力矩大且具有多档内变速功能的轮毂电机。
本发明的技术方案是：所述的电动自行车轮毂电机装置，包括水平布置的主轴、可转动地安装在该主轴外的轮毂外壳、设于所述轮毂外壳内的定子和转子、以及齿轮减速机构，其中定子固定在主轴上，所述齿轮减速结构包括与所述转子固定且同轴套设在所述主轴外的转子齿轮、固定在所述轮毂外壳上且套在主轴外的行星架、可转动地穿设在行星架上的行星轴、固定在所述行星轴上的左行星齿轮和右行星齿轮、以及固定套设在所述主轴上的太阳齿轮，其中左行星齿轮与转子齿轮啮合，右行星齿轮与太阳齿轮啮合。
作为优选，所述的太阳齿轮为一单向离合器，该单向离合器包括离合器内圈以及与该离合器内圈单向锁紧的离合器外圈，其中，离合器内圈与所述主轴固定，离合器外圈上设置有与所述右行星齿轮啮合的外齿圈。
作为优选，所述外齿圈与所述离合器外圈为一体结构。
作为优选，所述行星轴上设置有至少两个右行星齿轮，这些右行星齿轮的直径各不相同；所述离合器外圈上设置有与所述各右行星齿轮一一对应啮合的多个外齿圈，这些外齿圈可周向转动地套设在离合器外圈上，且外齿圈与离合器外圈轴向固定，离合器外圈和外齿圈之间上还设置能够将二者周向固定在一起的锁紧机构。
作为优选，所述离合器外圈的右端伸出所述轮毂外壳外且安装有一牙盘，所述转子齿轮与主轴之间设置有第二单向离合器。
作为优选，所述锁紧机构包括可轴向滑动地套设在所述主轴上的滑套、以及用于带动所述滑套在主轴上轴向滑动并能将滑套轴向定位在主轴上的滑移定位装置，所述滑套收容于离合器外圈内，在所述离合器外圈上、对应于每个外齿圈的部位均开设有径向通孔，所述径向通孔处设置有卡在离合器外圈上的弹簧片，所述弹簧片上卡合固定有位于该弹簧片外侧的滚柱，所述弹簧片的内侧布置有位于所述径向通孔中的且能够沿径向通孔径向移动的滚珠，所述外齿圈上制有与所述滚柱相对应的契合槽，所述滑套上成型有当滑套在主轴上轴向滑动时能够抵触所述滚珠沿所述径向通孔向外移动、进而压迫所述弹簧片使其发生形变、从而使固定在弹簧片上的滚柱移动至所述契合槽中、而使所述离合器齿圈与离合器外圈周向固定在一起的凸环。
作为优选，所述滑移定位装置包括套在主轴上且夹在主轴和滑套之间的压簧、主轴上开设的中心轴孔、布置在所述中心轴孔中且与滑套相连的顶针、以及与所述顶针接触配合用于拨动顶针在所述中心轴孔中轴向移动的拨片，所述拨片通过变速线与电动自行车车把上的变速手柄传动连接。
作为优选，所述滑移定位装置是一个电磁阀。
作为优选，所述行星轴上还固定有一个其直径小于各个右行星齿轮的副行星齿轮，所述离合器外圈上套设有与所述副行星齿轮啮合的副外齿圈，所述副外齿圈与离合器外圈之间通过第三单向离合器相连。
作为优选，所述滑套与所述主轴之间设置有支撑轴承，所述支撑轴承具有可相对转动的轴承内圈和轴承外圈，所述滑套可轴向滑动地套设在轴承外圈上，而轴承内圈固定在所述主轴上。
本发明的优点是：
1、本发明这种轮毂电机装置，并不像传统技术那样设置有固定在轮毂外壳上的内齿圈，而是直接将行星架固定在轮毂外壳上，通过行星架的转动来带动轮毂旋转，以此设计出了一套单一的二级齿轮减速传动系统，实现了大减速比、大扭矩的输出功能，提高了电机的工作效率，同时可以减少直流电机的磁性材料使用量，降低了成本。
2、本发明这种轮毂电机装置，在电机通电工作时，骑行者还可以通过踩踏自行车脚蹬来为电机的运转提供助力，同时这一人工助力的大小可以调节。
3、本发明这种轮毂电机装置，在电机断电而使自行车处于骑行状态时，骑行者还可以通过踩踏自行车脚蹬来带动轮毂旋转前进，同时这一人工助力的大小可以调节。
附图说明
下面结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步描述：
图1为本发明实施例一中电动自行车轮毂电机装置的结构示意图（局部剖视）；
图2为本发明实施例二中电动自行车轮毂电机装置的结构示意图（局部剖视）；
图3为本发明实施例三中电动自行车轮毂电机装置的结构示意图（局部剖视）；
图4为本发明实施例四中电动自行车轮毂电机装置的结构示意图（局部剖视）；
图5为本发明实施例五中电动自行车轮毂电机装置的结构示意图（局部剖视）；
图6为实施例五中电动自行车轮毂电机装置的局部结构示意图之一；
图7为实施例五中电动自行车轮毂电机装置的局部结构示意图之二；
其中： 1-主轴，2-轮毂外壳，2a-外壳本体，2b-外壳端盖，3-定子，4-转子，5-转子齿轮，6-行星架，7-行星轴，8-左行星齿轮，9-右行星齿轮，10-太阳齿轮，10a-离合器内圈，10b-离合器外圈，10c-外齿圈，10d-副外齿圈，11-第二单向离合器，12-牙盘，13-第三单向离合器，13-转套齿轮，14-滑套，14a-凸环，15-滚柱，16-顶针，17-压簧，18-中心轴孔，19-外变速器，20-副行星齿轮，22-弹簧片。
具体实施方式
实施例一：
图1出示了本发明这种电动自行车轮毂电机装置的一个具体实施例，它包括水平布置的主轴1，该主轴1上通过轴承（图中未标注）安装有可以围绕该主轴旋转的轮毂外壳2，所述轮毂外壳2由相互固定的外壳本体2a和外壳端盖2b共同构成。所述轮毂外壳2内设置有定子3、转子4和齿轮减速机构，其中定子固定在主轴1上，本例采用的外转子内定子结构。
本实施例关键改进点在于所述齿轮减速机构与传统齿轮减速机构的结构完全不同，具体如下：
本例中的齿轮减速机构主要由转子齿轮5、行星架6、行星轴7、左行星齿轮8、右行星齿轮9和太阳齿轮10这些部件构成。其中转子齿轮5可旋转地同轴套设在所述主轴1上，且转子齿轮5与转子4固定，转子齿轮5与主轴1之间还设置有轴承（图中未标注）进行支撑。行星架6可周向转动的套设在主轴1外，且行星架6与轮毂外壳2内壁固定。行星轴7通过轴承（图中未标注）可转动地穿设在行星架6上，且行星轴7与所述主轴1平行布置，所述行星轴7可以为一根或多根，本例为三根（图中仅一根可视）。左行星齿轮8和右行星齿轮9的数量与行星轴7的数量相同，左行星齿轮8的直径大于右行星齿轮9，而且左行星齿轮8和右行星齿轮9均固定在行星轴7上。太阳齿轮10固定在所述主轴1上。左行星齿轮8与转子齿轮5啮合，右行星齿轮9与太阳齿轮10啮合。如果想进一步提高该齿轮减速机构的减速比，我们还可以在转子齿轮5和左行星齿轮8之间再增设相应的减速传动装置。
工作时，电机通电使转子4在图1的右视方向作逆时针转动，转子4带动转子齿轮5围绕主轴1逆时针转动，进而将电机的旋转扭矩传递给行星架6，使行星架6和轮毂外壳2一起围绕主轴1作顺时针转动，进而带动电动自行车前行，此时右行星齿轮9围绕太阳齿轮10顺时针公转。
本实施例中，所述太阳齿轮10是一个单向离合器，该单向离合器为现有常规结构，其包括离合器内圈10a以及与该离合器内圈单向锁紧的离合器外圈10b，其中，离合器内圈10a通过所述锁紧键与主轴1固定（而离合器外圈10b与主轴1不直接连接），离合器外圈10b上设置有与所述右行星齿轮9啮合的外齿圈10c，本例中所述外齿圈10c与所述离合器外圈10b为一体结构。太阳齿轮10采用上述这种结构的好处是：在不通电或脚踏驱动速度大于电机驱动速度的情况下，电动自行车前进时，离合器外圈10b就会围绕离合器内圈10a自由旋转，基本不会带动转子4转动，进而减小了电动自行车的前进阻力。
实施例二：
图2出示了本发明这种电动自行车轮毂电机装置的又一个具体实施例，本实施例这种车轮毂电机装置在实施例一的结构基础上进行了改进，其主要改进之处在于：
该轮毂电机装置在图1的基础上改变了轮毂外壳2右端轴孔的结构，在轮毂外壳2和主轴1之间安装了一个用于装配多级变速链轮的外变速器19（常规结构），从而成为大减速比外变速轮毂电机。当电机不通电时，调节外变速器19可以实现变速自行车的传统多级变速功能。
实施例三：
图3出示了本发明这种电动自行车轮毂电机装置的第三个具体实施例，该实施例这种轮毂电机装置在实施例一的结构基础上进行了改进，其主要改进之处在于以下几点：
本实施例中，所述行星轴7上共设置有两个右行星齿轮9，这些右行星齿轮9的直径各不相同，在图3中由左至右直径依次递增。而所述离合器外圈10b上设置有与所述的两个右行星齿轮9一一对应啮合的两个外齿圈10c。这些外齿圈10c并不像实施例一那样与离合器外圈10b为一体式结构，而是可以周向转动地套设在离合器外圈10b上，且外齿圈10c与离合器外圈10b轴向固定。并且，离合器外圈10b和外齿圈10c之间上还设置能够将二者周向固定在一起的锁紧机构。需要说明的是，所述外齿圈10c和右行星齿轮9的个数并不局限为两个，也可以为三个、四个、五个……。
当该轮毂电机安装在自行车后轮中后，为了让自行车具有断电骑行功能，本例还采用了以下结构：所述离合器外圈10b的右端伸出所述轮毂外壳2外且安装有一牙盘12，所述转子齿轮5与主轴1之间设置有第二单向离合器11。该第二单向离合器11也采用常规结构，其包括内圈以及与该内圈单向锁紧的外圈，第二单向离合器的内圈与主轴1固定，第二单向离合器的外圈与转子齿轮5固定，这样转子齿轮5就只能围绕主轴1单向转动而不能双向转动了。
具有上述功能的所述锁紧机构可以采用机械领域所熟知的各种结构，在本实施例中，所述锁紧机构采用了如下结构：参照图3、图6和图7所示，它包括可轴向滑动地套设在所述主轴1）上的滑套14、以及用于带动所述滑套14在主轴1上轴向滑动并能将滑套轴向定位在主轴上的滑移定位装置。所述滑套14收容于离合器外圈10b内。在所述离合器外圈10b上、对应于每个外齿圈10c的部位均开设有若干径向通孔，所述径向通孔处设置有卡在离合器外圈10b上的弹簧片22。所述弹簧片22上卡合固定有位于该弹簧片外侧的滚柱15，弹簧片22的内侧布置有位于所述径向通孔中的且能够沿径向通孔径向移动的滚珠21。所述外齿圈10c上制有与所述滚柱15相对应的契合槽（图中未示出）。所述滑套14上成型有当滑套在主轴1上轴向滑动时能够抵触所述滚珠21沿所述径向通孔向外移动、进而压迫所述弹簧片22使其发生形变、从而使固定在弹簧片22上的滚柱15移动至所述契合槽中、而使所述外齿圈与离合器外圈10b周向固定在一起的凸环14a。
具有上述功能的所述滑移定位装置可以采用机械领域所熟知的各种结构，比如电磁阀，而在本实施例中，所述滑移定位装置采用了如下结构：它包括套在主轴1上且夹在主轴1和滑套14之间的压簧17、主轴1上开设的中心轴孔18、布置在所述中心轴孔18中且与滑套14相连的顶针16、以及与所述顶针接触配合用于拨动顶针在所述中心轴孔18中轴向移动的拨片（图中未画出），所述拨片通过变速线（图中未画出）与电动自行车车把上的变速手柄（图中未画出）传动连接。
当电机通电带动轮毂顺时针转动而使自行车前行时，骑行者可以调动车把上的变速手柄，通过变速线带动拨片动作，拨片再推动顶针16沿主轴1的中心轴孔18在图1中向左移动，从而推动滑套14沿主轴1定量移动；或者，在压簧17的弹力作用下，推动滑套14和顶针16沿主轴1的中心轴孔18在图1中向右移动。这样通过滑套14及其上的凸环14a在多个位置的定量移动使得离合器外圈10b上任一位置（骑行者可通过对变速手柄的控制自行选择）的滚珠21向外径向移动，进而压迫弹簧片22使弹簧片发生形变。弹簧片22发生形变后具有带动固定在其上的滚柱15向外移动的趋势，一旦离合器外圈10b转动到相应的角度位置后，滚柱15在弹簧片22的形变弹力作用下就会部分进入外齿圈的契合槽中，而另一部分仍然处于离合器外圈10b中。这样就使得相应的外齿圈与离合器外圈10b周向锁紧固定在一起，当然我们还可以特别设置所述契合槽的槽型，以让外齿圈与离合器外圈10b只能单向锁紧在一起，其结构原理类似楔块式单向离合器，在此不再赘述。而那些没有与凸环14a相接触的滚珠21则保持原位而不会向外移动，相应的滚柱15也就不会伸入契合槽中，相应的外齿圈也就不被锁紧而能够自由转动。以此来选择不同直径的外齿圈10c与离合器外圈10b周向固定，进而改变所述齿轮减速结构的减速比，也即改变电机转子4对轮毂外壳2的输出力矩，从而使该轮毂电机装置具有多档（本例为三档）内变速功能。并且此时骑行者还能够通过人力向电机的运转提供助力，以帮助电机为轮毂外壳2的旋转提供额外力矩，具体是这样实现的：此时骑行者踩踏自行车的脚蹬而带动所述牙盘12在图1右视方向作顺时针旋转，牙盘再带动离合器外圈10b以及与该离合器外圈10b周向固定的那个外齿圈10c围绕离合器内圈10a作顺时针旋转。外齿圈10c能够通过与之相啮合的那个右行星齿轮9向轮毂外壳2施加除电机转子以外的顺时针扭矩。又由于每个外齿圈10c的直径都不相同，所以当骑行者选择离合器外圈10b与不同的外齿圈10c周向固定时，骑行者对该轮毂电机的人工助力大小也就不同，从而实现了该轮毂电机的多档位助力功能。
当该轮毂电机断电而使自行车处于断电骑行模式时，同样的道理，骑行者也可以调动车把上的变速手柄，使得某一个外齿圈10c与离合器外圈10b周向锁紧固定。此时骑行者踩踏自行车的脚蹬而带动所述牙盘12在图1右视方向作顺时针旋转，牙盘再带动离合器外圈10b以及与该离合器外圈10b周向固定的那个外齿圈10c作顺时针旋转。由于转子齿轮4在第二单向离合器11的作用下不会围绕主轴1作顺时针转动，外齿圈10c就会对行星架6施加顺时针的旋转力矩，进而带动轮毂外壳2顺时针转动，实现自行车的前行。如果骑行者踩踏脚蹬的转速不变，由于每个外齿圈10c的直径各不相同，所以当骑行者选择离合器外圈10b与不同的外齿圈10c周向固定时，轮毂外壳2的转速也就不同，也即实现了该轮毂电机的多档位内变速功能。一般来说，如果骑行者追求自行车的前行速度，可选择直径最大的那个外齿圈10c（位于图2中最右左侧）与离合器外圈10b周向固定的档位；如果骑行者追求自行车的爬坡能力，可选择直径最小的那个外齿圈10c（位于图2中最右侧）与离合器外圈10b周向固定的档位。电机不通电时，转子齿轮4和主轴1之间的第二离合器11脱开，可自由滑行。
此外，本实施例在所述行星轴7上还固定有一个直径小于各个右行星齿轮9的副行星齿轮20，图4中副行星齿轮20位于所有右行星齿轮9的左侧、所述左行星齿轮8的右侧，所述离合器外圈10b上还套有一个与所述副行星齿轮20啮合的副外齿圈10d，所述副外齿圈10d与离合器外圈10b之间通过第三单向离合器13相连。第三单向离合器13同样采用常规结构，其包括内圈以及与该内圈单向锁紧的外圈，第三单向离合器的内圈与所述离合器外圈10d固定或连为一体，第三单向离合器的外圈与副外齿圈10d固定或连为一体。
为了避免离合器内圈10a以及转套上的滚珠21在作旋转运动时，滚珠21与滑套14之间因直接接触和相对运动而产生的高速滑动摩擦，本例还采用了以下结构：所述滑套14与主轴1之间设置有支撑轴承（图中未画出），所述支撑轴承采用现有常规结构，其具有可相对转动的轴承内圈和轴承外圈，所述滑套14固定在所述轴承外圈上，而所述轴承内圈可轴向滑动地套设在所述主轴1上。当然，我们也可以将所述滑套14轴向滑动地套设在轴承外圈上，而将轴承内圈固定在所述主轴1上，同样能达到上述效果。
实施例四：
图4出示了本发明这种电动自行车轮毂电机装置的第四个具体实施例，本实施例这种电动自行车轮毂电机装置在实施例三的结构基础上进行了改动，其主要改动之处在于：
离合器外圈10b的右端未伸出轮毂外壳2外部，牙盘12直接固定连接在轮毂外壳2上，而且转子齿轮5和主轴1之间未安装实施例三中的第二单向离合器11。
实施例五：
图5出示了本发明这种电动自行车轮毂电机装置的第五个具体实施例，本实施例这种电动自行车轮毂电机装置与实施例四相比，区别仅在于本例中的电机上未安装牙盘12。
在上述实施例一至五中，所说的“径向”和“轴向”，在没有特别说明的情况下，均是以主轴1为参照的。一般来说，实施例一和实施例四中的轮毂电机多作为电动自行车前驱轮毂电机使用，而实施例二、实施例三和实施例五中的轮毂电机多作为电动自行车后驱轮毂电机使用。而且上述实施例一至五中的行星架6与轮廓外壳2为一体结构，二者一体成型。
当然，上述实施例只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点，其目的在于让人们能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施，并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围。凡根据本发明主要技术方案的精神实质所做的等效变换或修饰，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 1. 一种电动自行车轮毂电机装置，包括水平布置的主轴（1）、可转动地安装在该主轴（1）外的轮毂外壳（2）、设于所述轮毂外壳（2）内的定子（3）和转子（4）、以及齿轮减速机构，其中定子（3）固定在主轴（1）上，
    其特征在于：所述齿轮减速结构包括与所述转子（4）固定且同轴套设在所述主轴（1）外的转子齿轮（5）、固定在所述轮毂外壳（2）上且套在主轴（1）外的行星架（6）、可转动地穿设在行星架（6）上的行星轴（7）、固定在所述行星轴（7）上的左行星齿轮（8）和右行星齿轮（9）、以及固定套设在所述主轴（1）上的太阳齿轮（10），其中，左行星齿轮（8）与转子齿轮（5）啮合，右行星齿轮（9）与太阳齿轮（10）啮合。
  2. 2. 根据权利要求1所述的电动自行车轮毂电机装置，其特征在于：所述的太阳齿轮（10）为一单向离合器，该单向离合器包括离合器内圈（10a）以及与该离合器内圈单向锁紧的离合器外圈（10b），所述离合器内圈（10a）与所述主轴（1）固定，所述离合器外圈（10b）上设置有与所述右行星齿轮（9）啮合的外齿圈（10c）。
  3. 3. 根据权利要求2所述的电动自行车轮毂电机装置，其特征在于：所述外齿圈（10c）与所述离合器外圈（10b）为一体结构。
  4. 4. 根据权利要求2所述的电动自行车轮毂电机装置，其特征在于：所述行星轴（7）上设置有至少两个右行星齿轮（9），这些右行星齿轮（9）的直径各不相同；所述离合器外圈（10b）上设置有与所述各个右行星齿轮（9）一一对应啮合的多个外齿圈（10c），这些外齿圈（10c）可周向转动地套设在离合器外圈（10b）上，且外齿圈（10c）与离合器外圈（10b）轴向固定，离合器外圈（10b）和外齿圈（10c）之间上还设置能够将二者周向固定在一起的锁紧机构。
  5. 5. 根据权利要求4所述的电动自行车轮毂电机装置，其特征在于：所述离合器外圈（10b）的右端伸出所述轮毂外壳（2）外且安装有一牙盘（12），所述转子齿轮（5）与主轴（1）之间设置有第二单向离合器（11）。
  6. 6. 根据权利要求4所述的电动自行车轮毂电机装置，其特征在于：所述锁紧机构包括可轴向滑动地套设在所述主轴（1）上的滑套（14）、以及用于带动所述滑套（14）在主轴（1）上轴向滑动并能将滑套轴向定位在主轴上的滑移定位装置，所述滑套（14）收容于离合器外圈（10b）内，在所述离合器外圈（10b）上、对应于每个外齿圈（10c）的部位均开设有径向通孔，所述径向通孔处设置有卡在离合器外圈（10b）上的弹簧片（22），所述弹簧片（22）上卡合固定有位于该弹簧片外侧的滚柱（15），所述弹簧片（22）的内侧布置有位于所述径向通孔中的且能够沿径向通孔径向移动的滚珠（21），所述外齿圈（10c）上制有与所述滚柱（15）相对应的契合槽，所述滑套（14）上成型有当滑套在主轴（1）上轴向滑动时能够抵触所述滚珠（21）沿所述径向通孔向外移动、进而压迫所述弹簧片（22）使其发生形变、从而使固定在弹簧片（22）上的滚柱（15）移动至所述契合槽中、而使所述离合器齿圈（10c）与离合器外圈（10b）周向固定在一起的凸环（14a）。
  7. 7. 根据权利要求6所述的电动自行车轮毂电机装置，其特征在于：所述滑移定位装置包括套在主轴（1）上且夹在主轴（1）和滑套（14）之间的压簧（17）、主轴（1）上开设的中心轴孔（18）、布置在所述中心轴孔（18）中且与滑套（14）相连的顶针、以及与所述顶针接触配合用于拨动顶针在所述中心轴孔（18）中轴向移动的拨片，所述拨片通过变速线与电动自行车车把上的变速手柄传动连接。
  8. 8. 根据权利要求6所述的电动自行车轮毂电机装置，其特征在于：所述滑移定位装置为电磁阀。
  9. 9. 根据权利要求4或6或7或8所述的电动自行车轮毂电机装置，其特征在于：所述行星轴（7）上还固定有一个其直径小于各个右行星齿轮（8）的副行星齿轮（20），所述离合器外圈（10b）上套设有与所述副行星齿轮（20）啮合的副外齿圈（10d），所述副外齿圈（10d）与离合器外圈（10b）之间通过第三单向离合器（13）相连。
  10. 10. 根据权利要求4或5或6或7或8所述的电动自行车轮毂电机装置，其特征在于：所述滑套（14）与所述主轴（1）之间设置有支撑轴承，所述支撑轴承具有可相对转动的轴承内圈和轴承外圈，所述滑套（14）可轴向滑动地套设在轴承外圈上，而轴承内圈固定在所述主轴（1）上。
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CN106995034B (zh) * 2017-05-23 2022-10-18 爱克玛电器（苏州）有限公司 轮毂电机和配置该轮毂电机的电动自行车
CN108973673A (zh) * 2018-08-22 2018-12-11 倍能科技（广州）有限公司 直齿式车胎能量回收组件
CN111525732A (zh) * 2020-05-22 2020-08-11 苏州盛亿电机有限公司 通轴式轮毂电机

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