WO2015154336A1 - 安全采血针 - Google Patents

安全采血针 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015154336A1
WO2015154336A1 PCT/CN2014/080490 CN2014080490W WO2015154336A1 WO 2015154336 A1 WO2015154336 A1 WO 2015154336A1 CN 2014080490 W CN2014080490 W CN 2014080490W WO 2015154336 A1 WO2015154336 A1 WO 2015154336A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
needle
slider
straight
blood collection
seat
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2014/080490
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
毛春元
Original Assignee
上海金塔医用器材有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201420173152.7U external-priority patent/CN203828943U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201410143343.3A external-priority patent/CN104274190B/zh
Application filed by 上海金塔医用器材有限公司 filed Critical 上海金塔医用器材有限公司
Priority to BR112016010016-6A priority Critical patent/BR112016010016B1/pt
Priority to ES14889084.1T priority patent/ES2669719T3/es
Priority to EP14889084.1A priority patent/EP3045113B1/en
Priority to JP2016524517A priority patent/JP6169794B2/ja
Priority to US15/025,943 priority patent/US9943258B2/en
Publication of WO2015154336A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015154336A1/zh
Priority to HK16109435.6A priority patent/HK1221140A1/zh

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/150007—Details
    • A61B5/150374—Details of piercing elements or protective means for preventing accidental injuries by such piercing elements
    • A61B5/150534—Design of protective means for piercing elements for preventing accidental needle sticks, e.g. shields, caps, protectors, axially extensible sleeves, pivotable protective sleeves
    • A61B5/150664—Pivotable protective sleeves, i.e. sleeves connected to, or integrated in, the piercing or driving device, and which are pivoted for covering or uncovering the piercing element
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/153—Devices specially adapted for taking samples of venous or arterial blood, e.g. with syringes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/150007—Details
    • A61B5/150015—Source of blood
    • A61B5/15003—Source of blood for venous or arterial blood
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/150007—Details
    • A61B5/150206—Construction or design features not otherwise provided for; manufacturing or production; packages; sterilisation of piercing element, piercing device or sampling device
    • A61B5/150259—Improved gripping, e.g. with high friction pattern or projections on the housing surface or an ergonometric shape
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/150007—Details
    • A61B5/150374—Details of piercing elements or protective means for preventing accidental injuries by such piercing elements
    • A61B5/150381—Design of piercing elements
    • A61B5/150389—Hollow piercing elements, e.g. canulas, needles, for piercing the skin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/150007—Details
    • A61B5/150374—Details of piercing elements or protective means for preventing accidental injuries by such piercing elements
    • A61B5/150381—Design of piercing elements
    • A61B5/150503—Single-ended needles
    • A61B5/150519—Details of construction of hub, i.e. element used to attach the single-ended needle to a piercing device or sampling device
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/150007—Details
    • A61B5/150374—Details of piercing elements or protective means for preventing accidental injuries by such piercing elements
    • A61B5/150534—Design of protective means for piercing elements for preventing accidental needle sticks, e.g. shields, caps, protectors, axially extensible sleeves, pivotable protective sleeves
    • A61B5/150633—Protective sleeves which are axially extensible, e.g. sleeves connected to, or integrated in, the piercing or driving device; pivotable protective sleeves
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/150007—Details
    • A61B5/150374—Details of piercing elements or protective means for preventing accidental injuries by such piercing elements
    • A61B5/150534—Design of protective means for piercing elements for preventing accidental needle sticks, e.g. shields, caps, protectors, axially extensible sleeves, pivotable protective sleeves
    • A61B5/150694—Procedure for removing protection means at the time of piercing
    • A61B5/150717—Procedure for removing protection means at the time of piercing manually removed
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/150007—Details
    • A61B5/150732—Needle holders, for instance for holding the needle by the hub, used for example with double-ended needle and pre-evacuated tube
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/150007—Details
    • A61B5/15074—Needle sets comprising wings, e.g. butterfly type, for ease of handling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a blood collection needle, in particular to a safety blood collection needle. Background technique
  • the blood collection test technology is now quite mature, but it does not reach the goal of not collecting blood from the patient, or the initial process of the test is completed by the blood collection needle and the blood collection tube. Therefore, the blood collection needle is currently the largest sales in the world.
  • One of the medical device products it is worth noting that millions of people have been hit by blood-collecting needles every year in hospitals around the world due to broken needles or improper operation of medical personnel.
  • Statistics published by the American Medical Association show that only about 1 million medical personnel in the United States are accidentally injured by blood-collecting needles each year. At least a thousand of them are infected with hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus and HIV attached to the needle.
  • the cost of first aid treatment for each medical staff and patient who is injured by a broken needle is $3,000 per person.
  • the commonly used disposable blood collection needle needs to be put on the needle sleeve to protect the needle before use, for example, to prevent the needle from being bent or collided.
  • the needle sleeve When using, when pulling out the needle sleeve, it is easy to cause a risk of bruising, but the real danger is after the blood collection is completed, after being taken out from the blood collection person, when it is disposed of, whether it is put into a professional disposal box or The upper needle sleeve is vulnerable to bruises, causing serious consequences such as medical staff infection.
  • some blood collection needles use a technique of a telescopic needle. After the blood collection is completed, the needle is retracted into a protective sleeve for protecting the needle by utilizing the elastic force of the structure such as a spring. In this way, although the needle can be effectively protected and the medical staff is prevented from being bruised, the patient suffers from great pain due to the mechanical action of the needle retracting.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art which are less safe and easy to aggravate the suffering of the patient, and to provide a blood collection needle with higher safety and less pain for the patient.
  • a safety blood collection needle includes a needle seat, a needle sleeve, a hose, a straight needle, a straight needle handle and a needle, the needle sleeve is sleeved on the needle, and the two ends of the hose are respectively
  • the straight needle is in communication with the needle seat, the straight needle handle is disposed at a junction of the straight needle and the hose, and the straight needle is used for inserting a vacuum tube
  • the safety blood collection needle further comprises a protective cover, a sliding member, a handle and a limiting mechanism, the needle holder is cylindrical, one end of the needle holder is fixed and communicates with the needle, and the other end is connected with the hose;
  • the sliding member is a cylindrical shape with two ends open and is sleeved on the needle seat, and the length of the sliding member in the moving direction is greater than the length of the needle;
  • the axial length of the needle hub is greater than the length of the needle
  • the limiting mechanism is disposed on the slider and the needle seat, and is configured to fix the slider to the needle seat after the sliding member slides to completely shield the needle;
  • the handle is fixed to the needle seat, and the handle abuts against the slider;
  • the inner diameter of the protective cover is larger than the outer diameter of the vacuum tube, and the protective cover is disposed outside the straight needle and is screwed to the straight needle handle.
  • the hose is a soft tube commonly used as a blood vessel in the medical field, and will not be described here.
  • the blood collection needle of the present invention has a needle holder longer than the needle, so that the above-mentioned cylindrical slider can be slid back and forth on the needle holder, so that the needle is shielded by the slider and completely exposed.
  • the limit mechanism is used to limit the movement of the slider.
  • the sliding member In use, in the initial state, the sliding member is fixed to the needle seat through the limiting mechanism, that is, the needle is completely exposed, and the needle sleeve is first removed to perform blood collection; after the blood collection is completed, the fixing of the sliding member and the needle holder is released, The slider slides in the direction of the needle until the slider completely shields the needle, and the slider is once again fixed to the needle holder (through the limit mechanism). In this way, since the needle can be shielded by wearing the needle cover, the safety is greatly improved.
  • the handle is fixed on the needle seat, and on the one hand, the handle can be held by hand during operation, and on the other hand, the handle is pressed against the slider, so that only one thumb is required to simultaneously press the handle and the slider to perform an active operation. This makes the operation more convenient than existing blood collection needles.
  • the protective cover is provided on the outer cover of the straight needle, which can effectively isolate the straight needle when the straight needle is exposed to prevent a safety accident.
  • the limiting mechanism comprises a first elastic washer and two second elastic washers
  • the first elastic gasket is attached to an inner circumference of one end of the sliding member near the hose, and an edge of the first elastic gasket is smoothly fitted to an inner wall of the sliding member;
  • Two of the second elastic gasket sleeves are affixed to the needle hub, and the second elastic gasket is configured to be used when the slider slides to completely shield the needle or the needle is completely exposed
  • the first resilient washer is snapped to limit movement of the slider.
  • the second elastic washer and the inner circumference of the slider on the outer circumference of the needle seat as the limiting mechanism
  • the first elastic washer on the upper side is snap-fitted. Since the first elastic gasket is smoothly fitted to the inner wall of the slider, it can be pushed to a position where it is engaged with the second elastic gasket with a relatively smooth extrusion.
  • the limiting mechanism comprises an elastic fastener and two card slots;
  • the two card slots are disposed on the needle seat, the elastic fastener is disposed on the sliding member, and the two card slots and the elastic fastener are used for sliding the slider to completely cover When the needle or needle is fully exposed, it is engaged with the elastic fastener to limit the movement of the slider.
  • the sliding member slides along the axial direction of the needle seat, and when the blood collection is required, the elastic fastener on the sliding member is engaged with the slot of the needle holder at the end close to the needle holder, and the needle is completely exposed.
  • the slider is slid to the elastic fastener to engage with the card slot at the other end of the needle seat to shield the needle.
  • the elastic fastener refers to a fastener which maintains the engagement relationship by the elastic force in the prior art, and the engagement relationship can be released as long as an external force greater than the elastic force is applied.
  • the safety lancet further comprises a protective sleeve
  • the protective sleeve is combined and fixed to the needle seat, and the protective sleeve is surrounded by the needle seat to form a receiving room a cavity of the slider;
  • the handle is integrally formed on the protective cover.
  • a protective sleeve as a connecting member is further provided to protect the communication between the needle seat and the hose.
  • the handle is placed in the protective sleeve and indirectly fixed to the needle holder.
  • the protective sleeve is spirally fixed to an outer circumference of one end of the needle seat adjacent to the needle seat.
  • the protective cover also protects the slider.
  • the sliding member is provided with at least one anti-slip zone.
  • the anti-slip zone is set to allow the finger to have greater friction when pushing the slider.
  • a rubber material having a large coefficient of friction may be wrapped around the slider or an area on the slider may be waved/ The pit is shaped to increase the contact area of the finger against the slider.
  • the sliding member is made of an elastic material
  • the sliding member is integrally formed with the elastic fastener
  • the needle seat is integrally formed with the card slot
  • the sliding member is provided with a plurality of hollowed out regions.
  • the hollowing area is provided here on the one hand in order to make the position of the needle visible to the naked eye when the sliding member shields the needle, thereby making the operation more safe; on the other hand, the first elastic fastening member is arranged integrally with the sliding member. At the time, the hollowed out area provides an active space for the action of the first elastic snap fastener.
  • the positive progress of the present invention is as follows: By arranging the slider to slide on the needle seat to shield the needle, the safety of the needle treatment after blood collection is greatly improved; since the use of the spring type needle is avoided, the patient's pain is reduced.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a safety lancet according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 1. detailed description
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a safety lancet of the present embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 along AA.
  • the safety lancet according to the embodiment includes: a needle seat 1, a needle sleeve 2, a hose 4, a straight needle 12, a handle 13, a straight needle handle 14, a protective cover 15, and a protective sleeve 3.
  • the needle 6 and the slider 5 are sleeved on the needle 6.
  • the needle holder 1 is a cylindrical shape with open ends. One end of the needle holder 1 communicates with the hose 4 through the protective sleeve 3, and the needle 6 is mounted at the other end. . Both ends of the hose 4 are in communication with the straight needle 12 and the needle hub 1, respectively.
  • the straight needle handle 14 is disposed at the junction of the straight needle 12 and the hose 4, and the straight needle 12 is used to insert a vacuum tube.
  • the slider 5 is cylindrically open at both ends and is movably sleeved on the hub 1, and the length of the slider 5 in the movable direction is greater than the length of the needle 6.
  • the axial length of the hub 1 is greater than the length of the needle 6.
  • the protective sleeve is assembled and fixed to the needle holder 1, and the protective sleeve 3 and the needle holder 1 are surrounded to form a cavity for accommodating the slider 5.
  • the handle 13 is integrally formed on the protective cover 3. The handle 13 abuts the slider 5.
  • the inner diameter of the protective cover 15 is larger than the outer diameter of the vacuum tube, and the protective cover 15 is disposed outside the straight needle 12 and screwed to the straight needle handle 14.
  • the safety lancet of the embodiment further includes a limiting mechanism, and the limiting mechanism comprises an elastic fastener 8 and a card slot 81 and a card slot 82.
  • the card slot 81 and the card slot 82 are disposed on the needle hub 1 , and the elastic fastener 8 is disposed on the slider 5 .
  • the card slot 81 , the card slot 82 and the elastic fastener 8 are used for sliding on the slider 5 to completely shield the needle 6 or When the needle 6 is completely exposed, it is engaged with the elastic fastener 8 to restrict the movement of the slider 5.
  • a passage is formed in the protective sleeve 3, and one end of the passage is fixed to the outer circumference of the needle holder 1 away from the end of the needle 6. The other end of the passage is in communication with the hose 4.
  • the sliding member 5 is provided with an anti-slip zone 7, and the anti-slip zone 7 is a groove-shaped structure with a zigzag pattern inside, which can increase the contact area and facilitate the pushing of the slider 5 by fingers.
  • the sliding member 5 is made of an elastic material, the sliding member 5 is integrally formed with the elastic fastening member 8, and the protective sleeve 3 is formed integrally with the slot 81 and the slot 82.
  • the sliding member 5 is provided with a plurality of hollow areas (not shown). Out).
  • the needle holder 1 is longer than the needle 6, so that the above-mentioned cylindrical slider 5 can slide back and forth on the needle holder 1, so that the needle 6 is shielded and completely exposed by the slider 5. Switch between the two states.
  • the sliding member In use, in the initial state, the sliding member is fixed to the needle holder 1 by the engagement of the card slot 81 and the elastic fastener 8, (ie, The needle 6 is completely exposed.
  • the needle sleeve 2 is removed to perform blood collection; after the blood collection is completed, the fixation of the slider 5 and the needle holder 1 is released, and the slider 5 is slid toward the needle 6 until the slider 5 completely shields the needle 6 (In the embodiment shown in Figs. 1 to 2 in the drawings of the present embodiment), the slider 5 is once again fixed to the hub 1 (by the engagement of the elastic fastener 8 and the card slot 82). In this way, since the needle 6 can be shielded by wearing the needle cover 2, the safety is greatly improved.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
  • Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)

Abstract

一种安全采血针，其包括有一针座（1）、针套（2）、软管（4）、直针（12）、直针柄（14）和针头（6），针套（2）套设于针头（6）上，软管（4）的两端分别与直针（12）和针座（1）连通，直针柄（14）设置于直针（12）与软管（4）的连接处，安全采血针还包括有保护罩（3）、滑件（5）、把手（13）和限位机构，针座（1）为筒形，针座（1）的一端固定并连通针头（6），另一端与软管（4）连接；滑件（5）为两端开口的筒形且活动的套设于针座（1）上，滑件（5）在活动方向上的长度大于针头（6）的长度；针座（1）的轴向长度大于针头（6）的长度；限位机构设置于滑件（5）和针座（1）；把手（13）与针座（1）相固定，把手（13）紧靠滑件（5）；保护罩（3）罩设于直针（12）外并与直针柄（14）螺旋固定。通过设置滑件（5）在针座（1）上滑动以遮蔽针头（6），使得采血后对针头（6）的处理的安全性大幅提升；因为避免了弹簧式针头的使用，降低了患者的痛苦。

Description

安全采血针 技术领域
本发明涉及一种采血针， 特别涉及一种安全采血针。 背景技术
采血化验技术目前已经相当成熟， 但是还达不到不从病患体内采血而得出结论的目 的， 还是要由采血针及采血管来完成化验的初始过程， 所以采血针是目前全球销量最大 的医疗器械产品之一。 然而， 值得关注的是， 目前世界各国医院因针头断裂或医护人员 操作不当所造成的采血针头人体伤害事故每年发生数百万人次。 美国医学会公布的统计 数据显示， 仅美国每年约发生 100万人次医护人员意外被采血针扎伤事故， 其中至少有 千余人会被针头上附着的乙肝病毒、 丙肝病毒和艾滋病病毒感染。 每次因采血针头断裂 而被扎伤的医护人员和患者产生的急救治疗费用为人均 3000美元。
国内外公司相继大力投入安全采血医疗器材的研发， 目前市场上的安全采血针非常 多， 这些安全采血器材有很多不足： 其一是生产成本很高； 其二是生产工艺复杂； 其三 是生产质量难以保证； 其四是医护人员操作繁琐； 其五是安全功能难以保证。
目前， 常用的一次性采血针在使用前， 需要给针头套上针套以保护针头， 例如防止 针头被弯折或碰撞等。 使用时， 拔掉针套时， 容易造成剌伤危险， 但真正危险在采血完 成后处置阶段， 从被采血者体内拔出后， 在进行废弃处置时， 不管是放入专业的处置盒 还是带上针套， 都容易被剌伤的危险， 造成医务人员感染等严重后果。
针对这一缺陷， 有的采血针采用了伸缩式针头的技术手段， 在采血完成后， 利用弹 簧等结构的弹力， 将针头缩回至一用于保护针头的保护套等结构内。 这样一来， 虽然可 以有效保护针头， 避免医务人员被剌伤， 但是却会因为针头回缩的机械动作造成患者极 大的痛苦。
另一方面， 采血针软管另一端的用于插入真空管的直针， 在使用时， 往往也处于裸 露状态， 使得操作安全性降低。 发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是为了克服现有技术安全性较低、 容易加剧患者痛苦的缺 陷， 提供一种安全性更高、 患者痛苦更小的采血针。
本发明是通过下述技术方案来解决上述技术问题：
一种安全采血针， 其包括有一针座、一针套、一软管、一直针、一直针柄和一针头， 所述针套套设于所述针头上， 所述软管的两端分别与所述直针和所述针座连通， 直针柄 设置于所述直针与所述软管的连接处， 所述直针用于插入一真空管， 其特点在于， 所述 安全采血针还包括有一保护罩、 一滑件、 一把手和一限位机构， 所述针座为筒形， 所述 针座的一端固定并连通所述针头， 另一端与所述软管连接；
所述滑件为两端开口的筒形且活动的套设于所述针座上， 所述滑件在活动方向上的 长度大于所述针头的长度；
所述针座的轴向长度大于所述针头的长度；
所述限位机构设置于所述滑件和所述针座， 用于在所述滑件滑动至完全遮蔽所述针 头后， 将所述滑件固定于所述针座上；
所述把手与所述针座相固定， 所述把手紧靠所述滑件；
所述保护罩的内径大于所述真空管的外径， 所述保护罩罩设于所述直针外并与所述 直针柄螺旋固定。 其中， 软管为医疗用品领域常用的用作输血管等的软性管， 此处不做 赘述。
也就是说， 本发明的采血针， 针座要长于针头， 这样一来， 上述筒形的滑件就可以 在针座上来回滑动， 使得针头在被滑件遮蔽和完全暴露两种状态之间切换。 而限位机构 则用于限制滑件移动。
使用时，在初始状态下滑件通过限位机构被固定于针座，（即针头完全暴露的状态）， 先拔去针套， 进行采血； 采血完成后， 解除滑件与针座的固定， 将滑件向针头方向滑行 至滑件完全遮蔽针头， 此时滑件再一次被固定于针座上 （通过限位机构）。 这样一来， 由 于不需要再将针套戴上即可遮蔽针头， 安全性大大提升。 另外， 针座上固定把手， 一方面可以在操作时用手握住把手， 另一方面， 把手紧靠 住滑件， 使得仅需要一个拇指同时压住把手和滑件进行活动的操作即可， 使得操作相对 现有的采血针也更为方便。
再者， 在直针外罩设保护罩， 可以有效的在直针裸露时， 对直针进行隔离， 以防止 安全事故发生。
较佳的， 所述限位机构包括有一第一弹性垫圈和两个第二弹性垫圈；
所述第一弹性垫圈贴设于所述滑件靠近所述软管的一端的内周上， 且， 所述第一弹 性垫圈的边缘与所述滑件的内壁平滑的贴合；
两个所述第二弹性垫圈套合并贴设于所述针座上， 所述第二弹性垫圈用于在所述滑 件滑动至完全遮蔽所述针头或所述针头完全暴露时， 与所述第一弹性垫圈相卡合， 以限 制所述滑件的移动。
也就是说， 在滑件往针头方向滑动至遮蔽针头或所述针头完全暴露时， 为了将滑件 与针座固定， 作为限位机构的针座外周上的第二弹性垫圈与滑件内周上的第一弹性垫圈 相卡合的固定。 由于第一弹性垫圈与滑件的内壁是平滑的贴合， 因此可以较为平滑的挤 压推进至与第二弹性垫圈卡合的位置。
较佳的， 所述限位机构包括一弹性扣件和两个卡槽；
所述两个卡槽设置于所述针座上， 所述弹性扣件设置于所述滑件上， 所述两个卡槽 和所述弹性扣件用于在所述滑件滑动至完全遮蔽针头或者针头完全暴露时， 与所述弹性 扣件相扣合， 以限制所述滑件的移动。
也就是说， 滑件顺着针座轴向滑动， 需要进行采血时， 滑件上的弹性扣件与针座上 靠近针座的一端的卡槽扣合， 针头完全暴露。 采血完成后， 需要将针头遮蔽时， 则将滑 件滑动至弹性扣件与针座上另一端的卡槽卡合， 以遮蔽针头。 另外， 此处所说的弹性扣 件， 是指的现有技术中用弹力来维持卡合关系的扣件， 只要施加一个大于弹力的外力即 可解除卡合关系。
较佳的， 所述安全采血针还包括有一保护套；
所述保护套套合并固定于所述针座， 所述保护套与所述针座包围形成一用于容纳所 述滑件的空腔；
所述把手一体成型的设置于所述保护套上。
也就是说， 进一步设置一个作为连接件的保护套， 对针座与软管的连通进行保护。 把手通过设置于保护套， 间接的与针座固定。
较佳的， 所述保护套与所述针座靠近所述针座的一端的外周螺旋固定。 此处， 这样 设置可以使得保护套和针座之间的固定更牢固。 另外， 保护套还可以保护滑件。
较佳的， 所述滑件上设置有至少一防滑区。 此处， 防滑区的设置是为了让手指在推 动滑件时拥有更大的摩擦力， 例如， 可以在滑件外包裹摩擦系数大的橡胶材料或者将滑 件上某一区域设置为波浪形 /坑槽形以增加手指对滑件的接触面积。
较佳的， 所述滑件由弹性材料制成， 所述滑件与所述弹性扣件一体成型， 所述针座 与所述卡槽一体成型， 所述滑件上设置有若干镂空区。
此处设置镂空区一方面是为了使得滑件遮蔽针头时， 仍然可以通过肉眼观察针头的 位置，从而使得操作更具安全性；另一方面，第一弹性卡扣件设置成与滑件一体成型时， 则镂空区为第一弹性卡扣件的动作提供了活动空间。
本发明的积极进步效果在于： 通过设置滑件在针座上滑动以遮蔽针头， 使得采血后 对针头的处理的安全性大幅提升； 因为避免了弹簧式针头的使用， 降低了患者的痛苦。 附图说明
图 1为本发明较佳实施例的安全采血针的结构示意图。
图 2为图 1沿 A-A的剖视图。 具体实施方式
下面结合附图给出本发明较佳实施例， 以详细说明本发明的技术方案， 但并不因此 将本发明限制在所述的实施例范围之中。
下面通过实施例的方式进一步说明本发明， 但并不因此将本发明限制在所述的实施 例范围之中。图 1为本实施例的安全采血针的结构示意图，图 2为图 1沿 A-A的剖视图， 如图 1~2所示， 本实施例涉及的安全采血针包括有： 针座 1、 针套 2、 软管 4、 直针 12、 把手 13、 直针柄 14、 保护罩 15、 保护套 3、 针头 6和滑件 5， 针套 2套设于针头 6上， 针座 1为两端开口的筒形， 针座 1的一端通过保护套 3与软管 4连通， 另一端安装有针 头 6。 软管 4的两端分别与所述直针 12和针座 1连通。
直针柄 14设置于直针 12与软管 4的连接处， 直针 12用于插入一真空管。
滑件 5为两端开口的筒形且活动的套设于针座 1上， 滑件 5在活动方向上的长度大 于针头 6的长度。
针座 1的轴向长度大于针头 6的长度。
保护套 3套合并固定于针座 1，保护套 3与针座 1包围形成一用于容纳滑件 5的空腔。 把手 13—体成型的设置于保护套 3上。 把手 13紧靠滑件 5。
保护罩 15的内径大于真空管的外径， 保护罩 15罩设于直针 12外并与直针柄 14螺 旋固定。
本实施例的安全采血针还包括有一限位机构， 限位机构包括弹性扣件 8和卡槽 81、 卡槽 82。
卡槽 81、 卡槽 82设置于针座 1上， 弹性扣件 8设置于滑件 5上， 卡槽 81、 卡槽 82 和弹性扣件 8用于在滑件 5滑动至完全遮蔽针头 6或者针头 6完全暴露时，与弹性扣件 8 相扣合， 以限制滑件 5的移动。
保护套 3内形成有一通道， 该通道的一端与针座 1远离针头 6的一端的外周螺旋固 定。 该通道的另一端与软管 4连通。
进一步， 滑件 5上设置有防滑区 7， 防滑区 7为内带鋸齿状花纹的槽型结构， 可以在 增大接触面积的同时， 更利于手指推动滑件 5。
滑件 5由弹性材料制成， 滑件 5与弹性扣件 8—体成型， 保护套 3与卡槽 81和卡槽 82—体成型， 滑件 5上设置有若干镂空区 （图中未示出）。
本实施例涉及的安全采血针， 针座 1 要长于针头 6， 这样一来， 上述筒形的滑件 5 就可以在针座 1上来回滑动，使得针头 6在被滑件 5遮蔽和完全暴露两种状态之间切换。
使用时， 在初始状态下滑件通过卡槽 81和弹性扣件 8的卡合， 被固定于针座 1， （即 针头 6完全暴露的状态）， 先拔去针套 2， 进行采血； 采血完成后， 解除滑件 5与针座 1 的固定， 将滑件 5向针头 6方向滑行至滑件 5完全遮蔽针头 6 (即本实施例附图中图 1~2 所示的形态），此时滑件 5再一次被固定于针座 1上 (通过弹性扣件 8和卡槽 82的卡合）。 这样一来， 由于不需要再将针套 2戴上即可遮蔽针头 6， 安全性大大提升。
虽然以上描述了本发明的具体实施方式， 但是本领域的技术人员应当理解， 这仅是 举例说明， 本发明的保护范围是由所附权利要求书限定的。 本领域的技术人员在不背离 本发明的原理和实质的前提下， 可以对这些实施方式做出多种变更或修改， 例如， 不使 用弹性扣件和卡槽这样的卡扣结构， 而是采用弹性垫圈相互卡合等方式紧固滑件于针座 上等， 但这些变更和修改均落入本发明的保护范围。 因此， 本发明的保护范围由所附权 利要求书限定。

Claims

权利要求
1、 一种安全采血针， 其包括有一针座、 一针套、 一软管、 一直针、 一直针柄和一针 头， 所述针套套设于所述针头上， 所述软管的两端分别与所述直针和所述针座连通， 直 针柄设置于所述直针与所述软管的连接处， 所述直针用于插入一真空管， 其特征在于， 所述安全采血针还包括有一保护罩、 一滑件、 一把手和一限位机构， 所述针座为筒形， 所述针座的一端固定并连通所述针头， 另一端与所述软管连接；
所述滑件为两端开口的筒形且活动的套设于所述针座上， 所述滑件在活动方向上的 长度大于所述针头的长度；
所述针座的轴向长度大于所述针头的长度；
所述限位机构设置于所述滑件和所述针座， 用于在所述滑件滑动至完全遮蔽所述针 头后， 将所述滑件固定于所述针座上；
所述把手与所述针座相固定， 所述把手紧靠所述滑件；
所述保护罩的内径大于所述真空管的外径， 所述保护罩罩设于所述直针外并与所述 直针柄螺旋固定。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的安全采血针， 其特征在于， 所述限位机构包括有一第一弹性 垫圈和两个第二弹性垫圈；
所述第一弹性垫圈贴设于所述滑件靠近所述软管的一端的内周上， 且， 所述第一弹 性垫圈的边缘与所述滑件的内壁平滑的贴合；
两个所述第二弹性垫圈套合并贴设于所述针座上， 所述第二弹性垫圈用于在所述滑 件滑动至完全遮蔽所述针头或所述针头完全暴露时， 与所述第一弹性垫圈相卡合， 以限 制所述滑件的移动。
3、 如权利要求 1或 2所述的安全采血针， 其特征在于， 所述限位机构包括一弹性扣 件和两个卡槽；
所述两个卡槽设置于所述针座上， 所述弹性扣件设置于所述滑件上， 所述两个卡槽 和所述弹性扣件用于在所述滑件滑动至完全遮蔽针头或者针头完全暴露时， 与所述弹性 扣件相扣合， 以限制所述滑件的移动。
4、 如权利要求 1-3中至少一项所述的安全采血针， 其特征在于， 所述安全采血针还 包括有一保护套；
所述保护套套合并固定于所述针座， 所述保护套与所述针座包围形成一用于容纳所 述滑件的空腔；
所述把手一体成型的设置于所述保护套上。
5、 如权利要求 4所述的安全采血针， 其特征在于， 所述保护套与所述针座连通所述 软管的一端的外周螺旋固定。
6、 如权利要求 1-5中至少一项所述的安全采血针， 其特征在于， 所述滑件上设置有 至少一防滑区。
7、 如权利要求 3-6中至少一项所述的安全采血针， 其特征在于， 所述滑件由弹性材 料制成， 所述滑件与所述弹性扣件一体成型， 所述针座与所述卡槽一体成型， 所述滑件 上设置有若干镂空区。
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EP3045113A4 (en) 2017-02-22
US9943258B2 (en) 2018-04-17
HK1221140A1 (zh) 2017-05-26
EP3045113B1 (en) 2018-02-28
BR112016010016A2 (zh) 2017-08-01

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