WO2015151126A1 - Système de filtrage autonettoyant pour fluides sous pression - Google Patents

Système de filtrage autonettoyant pour fluides sous pression Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015151126A1
WO2015151126A1 PCT/IT2015/000086 IT2015000086W WO2015151126A1 WO 2015151126 A1 WO2015151126 A1 WO 2015151126A1 IT 2015000086 W IT2015000086 W IT 2015000086W WO 2015151126 A1 WO2015151126 A1 WO 2015151126A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
liquid
filtering
filtering element
valve
conduit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IT2015/000086
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Cesare MANZINI
Original Assignee
G.T.S. Di C. Neviani & C. Sn.C.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by G.T.S. Di C. Neviani & C. Sn.C. filed Critical G.T.S. Di C. Neviani & C. Sn.C.
Priority to EP15734247.8A priority Critical patent/EP3126029A1/fr
Publication of WO2015151126A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015151126A1/fr

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D29/00Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/11Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with bag, cage, hose, tube, sleeve or like filtering elements
    • B01D29/114Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with bag, cage, hose, tube, sleeve or like filtering elements arranged for inward flow filtration
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D29/00Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/62Regenerating the filter material in the filter
    • B01D29/66Regenerating the filter material in the filter by flushing, e.g. counter-current air-bumps
    • B01D29/661Regenerating the filter material in the filter by flushing, e.g. counter-current air-bumps by using gas-bumps
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D29/00Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/88Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor having feed or discharge devices
    • B01D29/94Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor having feed or discharge devices for discharging the filter cake, e.g. chutes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2201/00Details relating to filtering apparatus
    • B01D2201/31Other construction details
    • B01D2201/313Means for protecting the filter from the incoming fluid, e.g. shields
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2201/00Details relating to filtering apparatus
    • B01D2201/44Special measures allowing the even or uniform distribution of fluid along the length of a conduit

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a self-cleaning filtering system for pressurized fluids particularly suitable for use in equipment featuring a system for cooling tools with high pressure liquid such as, for example, work centres, numerical control adjustments.
  • the liquids used in mechanical processing for removal, deformation, or for non-conventional processes are contaminated with solid particles or contaminants of various origins, e.g. products resulting from the deterioration of fluids and residues from machining.
  • the liquids must be cleaned to remove impurities resulting from such processing.
  • filter cartridges are used to filter liquids in work centres or in numerically controlled machines, and such cartridges must be replaced frequently as they clog quickly or break as a result of the wear caused by impacts with the swarf, which causes tears in the material of which such filters are made, in addition to the wear caused by operating pressure levels.
  • One such type of filter cartridge is illustrated in American patent US 2,988,227.
  • the filtering element is composed of a bellows composed of a multitude of pleats that are held in position by a toothed profile made of a plastic material which allows the pleats to be kept reciprocally spaced in order to allow the passage of the liquid to be filtered.
  • the device comprises a chamber within which there is a series of cage-like modules held in position by spacers.
  • the modules are covered with a polypropylene fabric which is coated with a diatomaceous layer.
  • the water to be filtered flows through the diatomaceous layer and the fabric and enters the module, where such water then flows up towards a manifold for the filtered water, which is then reused.
  • the water to be filtered is pumped into the filter, entering from the lower section and exiting from the upper section.
  • the fossil meal composing the diatomaceous layer is compacted around the fabric, thereby retaining the dirt.
  • the device illustrated in the patent envisages a cleaning cycle which consists in allowing the air to enter the cage-like module, which then makes the polypropylene fabric vibrate and this vibration breaks up the diatomaceous layer and the accumulated dirt ends up on the base of the filter. After a number of cycles, the spent diatomaceous layer must be replaced.
  • the French patent cited illustrates a low-pressure filtering system for fluids which is designed to eliminate the particles which cloud the water, for example, in a swimming pool and which consist of organic compounds, inorganic compounds, micro- organisms, bacteria, algae, metals such as iron and manganese, and as such are very different from the particles present in lubricating coolants for machine tools.
  • the object of the present invention is substantially to solve the problems of the currently known technique by overcoming the aforesaid drawbacks by means of a self-cleaning filtering system for pressurized fluids which can offer high efficiency for all applications needing a fine system for filtering processing liquids.
  • a second object of the present invention is to produce a self-cleaning filtering system for pressurized fluids which is structurally simple, very functional, and - above all - automatic.
  • a third object of the present invention is to produce a self-cleaning filtering system for pressurized fluids which is integrated into the lubricating coolant circuit of machine tools used for processing in which impurities in the fluid must be controlled as such impurities could block orifices in and/or nozzles on the tools.
  • a further object of the present invention is to have a self-cleaning filtering system for pressurized fluids which can be used to filter liquids in plants in various areas such as, for example, the food industry or other area.
  • a still further object of the present invention is to have a self-cleaning filtering system for pressurized fluids which does not require particular maintenance, does not use disposable filtering materials, has lower operating costs, and offers a drastic reduction in polluting materials to be disposed of.
  • a still further object of the present invention is to have a self-cleaning filtering system for pressurized fluids which can curb the management and maintenance costs therefor, thereby allowing greater productivity.
  • a further but not final object of the present invention is to produce a self-cleaning filtering system for pressurized fluids which is structurally simple and works well.
  • Figure 1 shows, schematically and in a three-dimensional front view, a self- cleaning filtering system for pressurized fluids according to the present invention
  • Figure 2 shows, schematically and in a three-dimensional rear view, the self- cleaning filtering system for pressurized fluids in Figure 1,
  • Figure 3 shows, schematically, a rear view of the system in Figure 1
  • Figure 4 shows, schematically, a front view of the system in Figure 1 ;
  • FIG. 5 shows, schematically, a section view of the system in Figure 1 in operational mode
  • Figure 6 shows, summarily, the cleaning scheme of the filtering system in Figure 1 ;
  • FIG. 7 shows, summarily, the impurity discharge scheme of the filtering system in Figure 1 ;
  • FIG. 8 shows, schematically and in a three-dimensional view, a variant of the self-cleaning filtering system for pressurized fluids according to the present invention
  • FIG. 9 shows, schematically, a section view of the system in Figure 8;
  • - Figure 10 shows, schematically and in a three-dimensional view, the filtering component of the system for pressurized fluids in Figure 8,
  • FIG. 11 shows, schematically and in a three-dimensional view, a second component of the system in Figure 8;
  • FIG. 12 shows, schematically and in a three-dimensional view, a detail of the system in Figure 8;
  • FIG. 13 shows, schematically, a section view of the detail in Figure 12;
  • FIG. 14 shows, schematically, a section view of the system in Figure 8 in operational mode
  • the machines which work with high-pressure liquids which require a particularly clean liquid, need a microfiltration stage for the liquid in order to reduce the diameter of the particles present in the liquid to just a few microns.
  • the filtering system according to the present invention When installed on work centres, the filtering system according to the present invention is fitted between the collection tank and a supplementary tank with a high-pressure pump, in which case the tank receives the liquid from the filtering system in question and a pump draws the liquid from the tank and sends it, under high pressure, to the machine.
  • a filtered liquid with particles whose a diameter is less than 10 microns, in order to protect the high-pressure pump and all the spindles which turn on ceramic materials.
  • the filtering system according to the invention is envisaged to be installed downstream of the impeller pump so as to receive liquid to be filtered from the pump in order to send the filtered liquid to the tank and from there to the machine, said liquid having been drawn up by a high-pressure pump.
  • the filtering system 1 is essentially constituted of an essentially cylindrical body 2 which is sealed at one end by a closing cover 3.
  • the body 2 features fixing brackets 4 which allow the system to be secured at any point of the machine downstream of the impeller pump.
  • a closing element 5 which has an inlet conduit 6 for the liquid to be filtered, which is equipped with an inlet valve 60, actuated by an actuator 600, and an outlet conduit 7 for the filtered liquid, which is equipped with a valve 70 actuated by an actuator 700.
  • a discharge conduit 9 for the dirty fluid branching out from the body 2 there is a discharge conduit 9 for the dirty fluid, which is equipped with a discharge valve 90 which is actuated by an actuator 900, as shown in figure 2.
  • the concentrated dirty liquid comes out via the discharge conduit 9.
  • the inlet conduit 6 features a pair of valves, each of which is driven by an actuator, in which an inlet valve is envisaged to allow the liquid to be filtered to enter and a discharge valve is envisaged to allow the concentrated liquid loaded with dirt and impurities to exit and be discharged.
  • a filtering element 20 envisaged, which is made of a metallic material such as, for example, steel and features a surface which allows the passage of liquid and particles with a diameter of less than 10 microns, while for applications in other areas, the diameter must even be less than 5 microns.
  • the filtering element is substantially composed of a stainless steel cylinder consisting of a "sandwich", made up of a first internal metal mesh frame 20a, preferably made of stainless steel, a second external metal mesh frame 20b, also made of steel, and a microtextile layer 20c, made of stainless steel, placed between the two frames, as shown in Figure 9.
  • a stainless steel cylinder consisting of a "sandwich”, made up of a first internal metal mesh frame 20a, preferably made of stainless steel, a second external metal mesh frame 20b, also made of steel, and a microtextile layer 20c, made of stainless steel, placed between the two frames, as shown in Figure 9.
  • the microtextile layer 20c is essentially composed of a mesh in which the weave of the fabric consists of the alternation of a thicker thread and a thinner thread, and thus also for the warp.
  • This structure of the microtextile lends the fabric good wear resistance and, at the same time, a reduction in the space useful for the passage of the particles, thereby obtaining a filtering capacity which is able to stop particles with a diameter which is even less than a few microns.
  • the structure of the microtextile is only dampened by the liquid when in static conditions, since the liquid is able to pass only when pressurized.
  • the second mesh frame 20b there is a plurality of deflecting elements 20d uniformly distributed along the surface as shown in Figure 10.
  • the deflecting elements 20d are envisaged to protect the filtering element and the microtextile, preventing the breaking thereof due to direct impact with the particles to be filtered. In this way, it is possible to allow a high flow speed for the liquid to be filtered.
  • the body 2 features a distribution conduit 2a connected to the inlet conduit 6 for the liquid to be filtered, which extends along the length of the said body so as to ensure the liquid is filtered simultaneously along the entire length of the filtering element 20.
  • the distribution conduit 2a has a flow diverter 2b, shown in Figure 14, which is envisaged to create a vortex in the liquid and make the liquid circulate along the walls of the body and along the external surface of the deflecting elements 20d.
  • the liquid to be filtered moves tangentially to the filtering element and the particles contained therein do not collide with the microtextile, which remains protected and preserved, thereby permitting better filtering quality and greater long-term durability.
  • the flow diverter 2b is suitably tilted and positioned to favour the discharge of the liquid after washing the filtering element, as will be better explained hereinafter.
  • the self-cleaning filtering system 1 has an air inlet conduit 12 with a valve 120 which is driven by an actuator 121 which allows air or compressed air to enter the filtering element 20, as shown in Figure 6, so that the particles of dirt and impurities deposited on the external surface of the filtering element 20 are detached from this surface, depositing instead in the space 21 present between the external surface of the filtering element 20 and the internal surface of the body 2.
  • a diffuser 2c envisaged which is constituted of a cylindrical body which is microslotted along the entire length thereof, as shown in Figure 1 1.
  • the diffuser is envisaged to release air from the inside outwards uniformly along the entire length thereof so that the dirt particles deposited on the external surface of the second mesh frame 20b are detached and are collected by the counter-washing liquid, which circulates in the reverse direction to the liquid to be filtered, but also exiting via conduit 2a.
  • the air inlet conduit 12 delivers air or compressed air into the diffuser 2c of the filtering element 20, as shown in Figure 15.
  • the system comprises a timer envisaged to close the valve on the inlet conduit 6 and the valve on the outlet conduit 7 and open the valve on the air inlet conduit 12 and the discharge valve on the conduit 6 for a period of approximately 5 seconds, as will be explained later.
  • the timer is envisaged to close the valve 60 and the valve 70 and to open the valve 120 and the valve 90, always for the same period of time.
  • the actuators are driven by pneumatic actuators controlled by a control panel.
  • the filtering system comprises a device which reduces the noise level when the liquid loaded with dirt and impurities is expelled from the space 21 in the body 2.
  • the liquid loaded with impurities, together with the air which is used to clean the filtering element when it exits the body 2, is also very noisy because of the pressure at which it exits, which can reach up to 6 bar.
  • the device 50 is constituted of a body 51 inside which there is a drilled screen 52 envisaged which is positioned diagonally as shown in figure 5 with respect to the section of the body.
  • the space in the body to the rear of the screen is filled with a multitude of plastic filaments and, in the present embodiment, such filaments are made of nylon, the task of which is to cushion the flow of air and liquid by distributing the flow over the entire surface to prevent the formation of shock waves which would be particularly noisy and annoying for the working environment.
  • the screen and the nylon filaments act as a diffuser.
  • the device 50 is located downstream of a conduit for discharging the dirt, which is located after the discharge valve on the conduit 6 and before the collection tank for the concentrated dirty liquid.
  • the filtering system 1 envisages an operational working stage, as shown in Figure 6, in which the liquid is filtered through the following operating steps:
  • the passage of liquid takes place by means of the distribution conduit 2a, which is arranged within the space 21 ⁇ between the external surface of the filtering element 20 and the internal surface of the body 2, by action of the flow diverter 2b, which creates a vortex in the liquid, making the liquid circulate along the walls of the body and along the external surface of the deflecting element s 20d and resulting in the filtration of the liquid by means of the passage thereof through the surface of the filtering element 20, with the impurities retained on the external surface thereof.
  • the filtering system comprises a cleaning stage for the filtering element, involving the following operating steps:
  • the filtering system comprises a washing stage, involving the following operating steps:
  • the dirty liquid loaded with impurities exits via a discharge conduit 9 through the valve 90 or via the distribution conduit 2a,
  • the filtering system envisages that the filtering element cleaning and washing stage takes place automatically, when commanded by a timer present in the filtering system at preset intervals, e.g. every hour, or even at shorter intervals, depending on operating requirements.
  • the filtering system allows the liquid to be filtered to enter the body, as shown in Figure 5 or Figure 14.
  • the liquid is drawn from the collection tank by the pump on the machine's circuit and then sent to the inlet conduit 6.
  • the liquid enters the body and flows through the filtering element 20, leaving the dirt and impurities on the external walls thereof, so as to exit, clean, through the conduit 7 and the relative valve.
  • the filtering system according to the present invention is arranged so as to carry out a cleaning cycle for the filtering element automatically, controlled by pulses sent by a timer according to the setting thereof.
  • the system cleans off the impurities present on the external surface of the filtering element.
  • the inlet valve - which is operational during the filtering of the liquid - is closed and the discharge valve is opened.
  • a jet of air coming from the system is forced into the filtering element 20 through the air inlet conduit 12, which pushes the particles deposited on the external surface of the filtering element, detaching them therefrom, said particles then depositing in the space 21 between the internal surface of the body 2 and the external surface of the filtering element 20.
  • a pulse is sent which closes the valve on the conduit 7 so that no filtered liquid seeps out of the conduit 7, closing - at the same time - the inlet valve on the conduit 6 so that the liquid to be filtered does not enter and the discharge valve connected to a discharge conduit is opened.
  • the valve on the conduit 12 is opened for a period of approximately 5/10 seconds, allowing air to enter, which will detach the dirt particles from the external surface of the filtering element and lead to them depositing in the space 21.
  • the flow of air is automatically interrupted and the discharge is opened and the liquid taken in so as to remove the dirt present in the space 21 which is conveyed to the storage tank.
  • the filtering system returns to the working stage.
  • the filtering element cleaning stage and the washing stage for the space 21 are performed and the concentrated dirty liquid is sent to the storage tank containing the emulsion.
  • the filtering system according to the present invention proves to offer high efficiency for all applications needing a fine system for filtering processing liquids.
  • the filtering system in question allows frequent automatic cleaning of the filtering element without machine or plant downtime, resulting in better operation of the said filtering element and of the machine to which it is applied, since the liquid is kept cleaner.
  • the filtering system is integrated into the lubricating coolant circuit of machines which use high-pressure liquid in which impurities in the fluid must be controlled greatly as such impurities could block important and delicate parts of the machine.
  • the filtering system in question can be used to filter fluids of any type with variable flow rates ranging from a few litres per minute to very high rates in other areas of application and/or use, and in different plants, such as those used in the food industry or other area.
  • the filtering system does not require particular maintenance, does not employ disposable filtering materials (such as the cartridges according to the commonly known technique), has lower operating costs, and offers a drastic reduction in polluting materials to be disposed of.
  • the filtering system according to the present invention operates extremely efficiently as it has quite remarkable durability, unlike all existing filters, which offer gradually lower filtering capacities over time and become less effective and operational until they finally collapse, while the filter in question always maintains the same characteristics and the filtering capacity, since they return to the equivalent of a new filter after each wash cycle.
  • a still further advantage of the filtering system in question stems from the fact that such system allows management and maintenance costs therefor to be curbed, thereby allowing greater productivity.
  • a further advantage of the filtering system is that it offers an improvement in the processing conditions of machinery such as work centres etc or filtering equipment used in the food industry and an improvement in maintainability, with consequent reduction in the servicing times and an extension of the maintenance intervals, thereby allowing the machine greater productivity.
  • the filtering system cleans the filtering element automatically, the presence of personnel is no longer required to monitor the machine in order to prevent breakages or problems with the components of the said machine.
  • a further but not final advantage of the present invention is that the said system proves to be remarkably easy to use and structurally simple, and works well.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte à un système de filtrage autonettoyant qui est destiné à des fluides sous pression, et qui est prévu pour être installé en aval d'une pompe de façon à recevoir, en provenance de la pompe, un liquide devant être filtré afin d'envoyer ce liquide filtré vers une machine. Le système présente essentiellement trois étapes fonctionnelles : une étape de travail au cours de laquelle le liquide est filtré par l'intermédiaire d'un élément de filtrage; une phase de nettoyage durant laquelle les saletés et les impuretés sont éliminées et éloignées de la surface externe dudit élément de filtrage; ainsi qu'une étape de lavage au cours de laquelle les saletés sont éloignées du corps, ces saletés étant déversées dans un réservoir de stockage de liquide. Les étapes de travail, de nettoyage et de lavage sont automatisées.
PCT/IT2015/000086 2014-03-31 2015-03-30 Système de filtrage autonettoyant pour fluides sous pression WO2015151126A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15734247.8A EP3126029A1 (fr) 2014-03-31 2015-03-30 Système de filtrage autonettoyant pour fluides sous pression

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITMN2014A000005 2014-03-31
ITMN20140005 2014-03-31
ITMN2015A000004 2015-03-26
ITMN20150004 2015-03-26

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2015151126A1 true WO2015151126A1 (fr) 2015-10-08

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EP (1) EP3126029A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2015151126A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT201800002729A1 (it) * 2018-02-15 2019-08-15 G T S Di C Neviani & C S N C Apparecchiatura di filtrazione e sistema microfiltrante autopulente per fluidi lubrorefrigeranti.
CN112403068A (zh) * 2019-08-22 2021-02-26 株式会社利富高 过滤器
CN113877271A (zh) * 2021-12-08 2022-01-04 东营昱辰技术有限公司 一种具有杂质清理功能的油田用石油过滤装置

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2988227A (en) * 1958-03-03 1961-06-13 Harold H Harms Pleated filter
US3414129A (en) * 1967-12-27 1968-12-03 Procter & Gamble High temperature, oxygen-free edible oil filtration
WO1996031271A1 (fr) * 1995-04-07 1996-10-10 Baker Hughes Incorporated Filtre a treillis de fil metallique
EP1964600A1 (fr) * 2006-10-26 2008-09-03 PTI Technologies, Inc. Cartouche de filtre avec diffuseur du fluide entrant
FR2989283A1 (fr) * 2012-04-17 2013-10-18 Hydrac Process Systeme pour decolmatage intra-modulaire de filtres a diatomees

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009034720B4 (de) * 2009-07-24 2015-06-18 Werner Lauth Vorrichtung zum Filtern von Fluid-Feststoff-Gemischen

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2988227A (en) * 1958-03-03 1961-06-13 Harold H Harms Pleated filter
US3414129A (en) * 1967-12-27 1968-12-03 Procter & Gamble High temperature, oxygen-free edible oil filtration
WO1996031271A1 (fr) * 1995-04-07 1996-10-10 Baker Hughes Incorporated Filtre a treillis de fil metallique
EP1964600A1 (fr) * 2006-10-26 2008-09-03 PTI Technologies, Inc. Cartouche de filtre avec diffuseur du fluide entrant
FR2989283A1 (fr) * 2012-04-17 2013-10-18 Hydrac Process Systeme pour decolmatage intra-modulaire de filtres a diatomees

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of EP3126029A1 *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT201800002729A1 (it) * 2018-02-15 2019-08-15 G T S Di C Neviani & C S N C Apparecchiatura di filtrazione e sistema microfiltrante autopulente per fluidi lubrorefrigeranti.
WO2019159208A1 (fr) * 2018-02-15 2019-08-22 G.T.S. Di C.Neviani & C. S.N.C. Équipement de filtration et système de microfiltration autonettoyant pour fluides de lubrification-refroidissement
CN112403068A (zh) * 2019-08-22 2021-02-26 株式会社利富高 过滤器
CN113877271A (zh) * 2021-12-08 2022-01-04 东营昱辰技术有限公司 一种具有杂质清理功能的油田用石油过滤装置

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