WO2015135401A1 - 一种自由移动的高效增氧装置 - Google Patents

一种自由移动的高效增氧装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015135401A1
WO2015135401A1 PCT/CN2015/071557 CN2015071557W WO2015135401A1 WO 2015135401 A1 WO2015135401 A1 WO 2015135401A1 CN 2015071557 W CN2015071557 W CN 2015071557W WO 2015135401 A1 WO2015135401 A1 WO 2015135401A1
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Prior art keywords
water
casing
efficiency
free
aeration device
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PCT/CN2015/071557
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English (en)
French (fr)
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王以尧
王华洲
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王以尧
王华洲
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Publication of WO2015135401A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015135401A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F7/00—Aeration of stretches of water
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
    • A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/231—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids by bubbling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/45—Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads
    • B01F25/452—Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads characterised by elements provided with orifices or interstitial spaces
    • B01F25/4524—Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads characterised by elements provided with orifices or interstitial spaces the components being pressed through foam-like inserts or through a bed of loose bodies, e.g. balls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/50—Movable or transportable mixing devices or plants
    • B01F33/503—Floating mixing devices
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
    • C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
    • C02F3/20—Activated sludge processes using diffusers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2203/00—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2203/006—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage details of construction, e.g. specially adapted seals, modules, connections
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2203/00—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2203/008—Mobile apparatus and plants, e.g. mounted on a vehicle
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/03—Pressure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an aerator, and more particularly to a freely moving high efficiency aerator.
  • aerators and aerators are an important equipment.
  • the aeration and aerators currently in use are impeller type, waterwheel type, water spray type, water pump push type and micro hole.
  • a variety of types such as aeration.
  • the main feature of these devices is fixed-point use, which cannot be moved at will after the specific position is determined.
  • the current aquaculture ponds and water areas are generally large, and the equipment that cannot be moved has a limited service area due to power attenuation, so there are many blind spots in the culture ponds and waters.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a high-efficiency oxygen augmenting device which is low in cost and has a good oxygen-increasing effect and free movement in order to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art described above.
  • a free-moving high-efficiency aeration device comprising: a housing, an aeration system disposed in the housing, and a packing layer disposed in a middle portion of the housing;
  • the bottom of the housing is provided At least one water inlet a, at least one water outlet is provided at the top of the casing, and the aeration system is: a gas pipeline b disposed at a lower portion of the casing and an aeration device b connected thereto, the upper portion of the casing passing
  • the connecting rod is connected with the floating body frame, the floating body frame is connected with the floating ball, the buoyancy is provided by the floating ball, and the water retaining plate is arranged on the side of the upper part of the housing;
  • the high-efficiency aerator is placed in the water and fixed in the water by a float ball, a float rack and a connecting rod.
  • the aeration system flushes the gas into the casing, so that the pressure inside the casing is smaller than the external water pressure, and the pressure difference will be
  • the lower water body flows along the water inlet a, and naturally flows out along the water outlet to increase the oxygen content of the water body; at the same time, the water retaining plate is inserted into the water body to block the water flow which is diffused to the periphery of the casing to form an external force to promote the free movement of the high efficiency aeration device.
  • a fan is placed on the float rack, and the fan is connected to the aeration device b through the gas pipeline b.
  • the aeration system can also be set to two or more.
  • the upper and lower portions of the casing may be respectively provided with a block a and a buck.
  • the block a and the block b are respectively located above and below the filler layer, and adopt a porous mesh structure made of metal or plastic to prevent leakage of the filler;
  • the filler layer is a multi-faceted hollow sphere material having a certain surface area.
  • the housing is a shape-fixed cavity formed by a plastic steel structure or a composite layer structure.
  • the water inlet a provided at the bottom of the casing is externally connected with a water inlet device; or the casing is directly immersed in water, and the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the casing is utilized, and no external power is required to automatically raise water.
  • the length of the connecting rod can be adjusted to determine the height of the housing in the water.
  • the float ball has at least three floats, and the float ball provides a buoyancy amount at least greater than the weight of the entire aerator.
  • the fan is externally connected to the power source, or a solar panel is placed on the buoyancy frame, and the solar power is supplied.
  • the flap is fixed to the floating body frame or connected to the mechanical control rod.
  • the water baffle is in the form of a sheet having a number of at least one piece, and the total area is preferably such that the water retaining force (F D ) immersed in the water is greater than the resistance (Fz) of the high-efficiency aerator device immersed in the water.
  • the mechanical control rod is connected with an electronic controller that controls its telescopic frequency and duration, the mechanical control rod adjusts the expansion time, frequency and direction of the water deflector; or controls the direction and expansion of the plurality of water deflectors through a plurality of connecting rods.
  • the direction and size of the external force (F D ) applied to the high-efficiency aerator are adjusted to move the high-efficiency aerator on the water surface according to a set route or uniformity.
  • the shell is immersed in natural water for a long time, and the natural nutrient salt in the water promotes the growth of a biofilm in the filler layer.
  • the passing water flows through the biofilm to accelerate the nitrification reaction, and reduce the ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in the water body.
  • the ion concentration in the water is a very high
  • the high-efficiency aeration device of the present invention performs high-efficiency aeration: the gas is input from the gas transmission pipe to the aeration device, and the bubbles gradually rise in the aeration device casing, and are sufficiently mixed and dissolved with the filler layer.
  • the oxygen-poor water body flows in from the water inlet and flows out from the water outlet after reoxygenation in the device casing.
  • the housing is filled with a lot of air bubbles, which causes the pressure inside the housing to be less than the water pressure outside the device. The pressure difference will flow the lower water body along the water inlet, and naturally flow out along the water outlet. Additional power is required to lift the water in the lower part of the housing to the upper part of the housing.
  • the water outlet of the casing forms a uniform upward gushing water flow and gradually spreads evenly to the surroundings. Because the resistance between the connecting rod and the floating ball is very small, it can be neglected, that is, the entire device is fixed to the water surface without external force.
  • the water baffle is inserted into the water body, which blocks part of the water flowing around, so that an external force (F D ) is formed on the device, and the device moves on the water surface in the direction of no resistance to achieve mobility. If multi-directional movement is to be achieved, the mechanical control lever is used to adjust the expansion time, frequency or direction of rotation of the flap, or multiple connecting rods are used to control the expansion and contraction of multiple flaps in different directions to achieve external force (F D ). Different directions and sizes allow the device to move on the water surface according to the set route or evenly.
  • a water inlet is arranged at the bottom of a sealed casing, and an aeration device is arranged above the water inlet, and a filling layer is arranged in the middle, and the air in the aerator device is filled with air, so that the pressure inside the casing is lower than the external water pressure, so that the water is The pressure difference enters the casing and is thoroughly mixed with the air discharged from the aeration device in the packing layer, and the high dissolved oxygen water flows out.
  • the aeration device of the present invention is a gas dispersing device, so that the gas input into the aeration pipe is released in the form of bubbles, and the aeration device can be provided according to actual needs;
  • the filler material of the present invention may be a material such as plastic.
  • the blockage of the present invention is a mesh material having a hole, and the material thereof may be metal or plastic, and the purpose thereof is to block the leakage of the filler.
  • the device of the present invention may be in the shape of a circle, a square or other shape, and the structure may be a plastic steel structure or other composite layer structure, the purpose of which is to make the inner and outer water streams not mixable and to form a fixed cavity. There is an inlet and outlet of the open water supply flow.
  • Figure 1 is a structural diagram of a free moving high efficiency aerator
  • a freely moving high-efficiency aeration device includes a casing 10, an aeration system disposed in the casing, a packing layer 5 disposed in the middle of the casing 10, and a casing 10 in a plastic or composite layer.
  • the structure is formed by a fixed cavity.
  • the bottom of the casing 10 is provided with at least one water inlet a1.
  • the top of the casing 10 is provided with at least one water outlet 8, and the upper and lower portions of the casing 10 can be respectively provided with a block a3 and a baffle b6.
  • the block a3 and the b6 are respectively located above and below the filler layer 5, and have a perforated mesh structure made of metal or plastic to prevent leakage of the filler; the filler layer 5 is a multi-faceted hollow sphere material having a certain surface area.
  • the aeration system is: a gas transmission pipe b11 disposed at a lower portion of the casing and an aeration device b4 connected thereto, wherein the upper portion of the casing 10 is connected to the floating body frame 14 through a connecting rod 12, and the floating body frame 14 is connected to the floating ball 13.
  • the buoyancy is provided by the float ball 13, and the water flap 18 is disposed on the upper side of the casing 10.
  • the fan 15 is placed on the float frame 14, and the fan 15 is connected to the aeration device b4 through the gas transmission pipe b11. Fan 15 is externally connected to the power supply.
  • the length of the connecting rod 12 can be adjusted to determine the height of the housing 10 in the water.
  • the float balls 13 are at least three, and the buoyancy provided by the float ball is at least greater than the weight of the entire aerator, but the smaller the cross-sectional area of the float is, the better.
  • the flap 18 is connected to the mechanical lever 17.
  • the water deflector 18 is in the form of a sheet having a number of at least one piece, and the total area is preferably such that the water retaining force (F D ) immersed in the water is greater than the resistance (Fz) immersed in the water by the high-efficiency aerator.
  • the mechanical control lever 17 is connected to an electronic controller 16 that controls its telescopic frequency and duration.
  • the mechanical control lever 17 adjusts the telescopic time, frequency and direction of the water deflector 18; or controls the direction of the plurality of water deflectors 18 through a plurality of connecting rods 17 And telescopic to adjust the direction and size of the external force (F D ) applied to the high-efficiency aerator, so that the high-efficiency aerator moves on the water surface according to a set route or uniformity.
  • the high-efficiency aerator is placed in the water and fixed in the water by the float ball 13, the float frame 14 and the connecting rod 12, and the aeration system flushes the gas into the casing 10, so that the pressure inside the casing 10 is smaller than the external one.
  • the water pressure and the pressure difference cause the lower water body to flow along the water inlet a1, and naturally flow out along the water outlet 8 to increase the oxygen of the water body; at the same time, the water retaining plate 18 is inserted into the water body to block the water flow diffused to the periphery of the casing to form an external force.
  • the high efficiency aerator is free to move.
  • the shell 10 is immersed in natural water for a long time, and the natural nutrient salt in the water promotes the growth of a biofilm on the filler layer 5.
  • the passing water flows through the biofilm to accelerate the nitrification reaction, and reduce the ammonia nitrogen and the sub-water in the water body.
  • the ion concentration of nitrate in water is the ion concentration of nitrate in water.
  • the method for efficiently increasing oxygen in the high-efficiency aeration device is that the gas is input from the gas transmission pipe 11 to the aeration device 4, and the bubbles gradually rise in the aeration device casing 10, and are sufficiently mixed and dissolved with the filler layer 5, and the oxygen is depleted.
  • the water body flows in from the water inlet and flows out from the water outlet after reoxygenation in the device casing.
  • the housing is filled with a lot of air bubbles, which causes the pressure inside the housing to be less than the water pressure outside the device. The pressure difference will flow the lower water body along the water inlet, and naturally flow out along the water outlet. Additional power is required to lift the water in the lower part of the housing to the upper part of the housing.
  • the above-mentioned high-efficiency aeration device is freely moved by the following method: the water outlet of the casing forms a uniform upward gushing water flow, and gradually spreads uniformly to the periphery, because the resistance between the connecting rod and the floating ball is very small, which is basically negligible, that is, when the entire device is working It is fixed to the water without external force.
  • the water baffle is inserted into the water body, which blocks part of the water flowing around, so that an external force (F D ) is formed on the device, and the device moves on the water surface in the direction of no resistance to achieve mobility.
  • the mechanical control lever is used to adjust the expansion time, frequency and direction of the flap, or multiple connecting rods are used to control the expansion and contraction of multiple flaps in different directions to achieve different external force (F D ).
  • the direction and size allow the device to move on the water surface according to a set route or evenly.
  • the water inlet a1 provided at the bottom of the casing 10 is externally connected to a water inlet device.
  • a solar panel is placed on the buoyancy frame 14, and the fan 15 is connected to the solar panel, and the solar power is supplied.
  • the flap 18 is fixed to the float frame 14. The rest are the same as in the first embodiment.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Aeration Devices For Treatment Of Activated Polluted Sludge (AREA)

Abstract

一种自由移动的高效增氧装置，包括壳体（10），设置在壳体内的曝气系统，设置在壳体（10）中部的填料层（5）；所述的壳体（10）底部设有至少一个进水口a（1），壳体（10）顶部设有至少一个出水口（8），所述的曝气系统为：设置在壳体下部的输气管道b（11）和与其连接的曝气装置b（4），所述的壳体（10）上部通过连接杆（12）与浮体架（14）相连，浮体架（14）连接浮球（13），通过浮球（13）提供浮力，壳体（10）上部旁侧设置挡水板（18）。本装置结构简单、成本低、自由移动性能强、曝气效果好。

Description

一种自由移动的高效增氧装置 [技术领域]
本发明涉及增氧机，尤其是涉及一种自由移动的高效增氧装置。
[背景技术]
水产养殖和自然水域中，增氧机和曝气机是一个十分重要的设备，目前在使用的增氧和曝气机有叶轮式、水车式、喷水式、水泵推流式和微孔曝气式等多种类型。这些设备的主要特点是定点使用，具体位置确定后不能够随意移动。而目前的养殖池塘和水域面积一般都比较大，不能移动的设备由于动力衰减原因服务面积有限，所以养殖池塘和水域存在很多的盲区。
而现有的水体移动曝气专利技术主要有两类。一类基本属于线性移动或局部运动，不能够像本产品实现不同角度、不同范围进行移动，并且不需要人为操作。另一类则需要外加动力设备实现移动，而本产品完全依靠曝气出水动力的转化而实现移动，不需要外部动力。所以本产品从原理上更巧妙，结构上更简单，成本上更低廉、能耗上更节约，操作上更容易实施。
[发明内容]
本发明的目的就是为了克服上述现有技术存在的缺陷而提供一种成本低、增氧效果好的自由移动的高效增氧装置。
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案来实现：一种自由移动的高效增氧装置，其特征在于，包括壳体，设置在壳体内的曝气系统，设置在壳体中部的填料层；所述的壳体底部设有 至少一个进水口a，壳体顶部设有至少一个出水口，所述的曝气系统为：设置在壳体下部的输气管道b和与其连接的曝气装置b，所述的壳体上部通过连接杆与浮体架相连，浮体架连接浮球，通过浮球提供浮力，壳体上部旁侧设置挡水板；
高效增氧装置置于水中，并通过浮球、浮球架和连接杆使其固定于水中，曝气系统向壳体内冲入气体，使壳体内部的压力小于外部的水压，压力差将下层水体沿着进水口a流入，沿着出水口自然流出，为水体增氧；同时挡水板插入水体中，挡住壳体顶部向四周扩散的水流，形成外力推动高效增氧装置自由移动。
所述的浮球架上放置风机，风机通过输气管道b与曝气装置b连接，所述的曝气系统还可以设置两组以上。
所述的壳体的上部和下部可分别设置拦网a和拦网b。
所述的拦网a和拦网b分别位于填料层上方和下方，采用金属或塑料制成的有孔网状结构，防止填料外漏；所述的填料层为具有一定表面积的多面空心球体材料。
所述的壳体为塑钢结构或复合层结构形成的一个形状固定的空腔。
所述的壳体底部设置的进水口a外接一个进水装置；或者，壳体直接浸入水中，利用壳体内外压差，无需外加动力自动提水。
所述的连接杆长短可以调节，以确定壳体在水中的高度。
所述的浮球至少为3个，浮球提供的浮力大小至少大于整个增氧装置的重量。
所述的风机外接电源，或者在浮力架放置太阳能板，由太阳能提供电力。
所述的挡水板固定于浮体架上，或者连接机械控制杆。
所述的挡水板为片状，数量至少1片，总面积大小以其浸没在水中的挡水力(FD)大于高效增氧装置浸没在水中的阻力(Fz)为宜。
所述的机械控制杆连接控制其伸缩频率及持续时间的电子控制器，机械控制杆调节挡水板伸缩时间、频率及方向；或通过多个连接杆控制多个挡水板的方向和伸缩来调节施加高效增氧装置上的外力(FD)的方向及大小，使高效增氧装置在水面上按照设定的路线或均匀式移动。
所述的壳体长期浸入自然水域中，水域中天然营养盐促使填料层生长一层生物膜，装置工作时，通过的水流流经生物膜加快其硝化反应，降低水体中的氨氮和亚硝酸盐在水中的离子浓度。
与现有技术相比，本发明高效增氧装置进行高效增氧的方法为：气体由输气管道输入到曝气装置，气泡在增氧装置壳体内逐渐上升、与填料层进行充分混合、溶解，贫氧水体从进水口流进，在装置壳体内复氧后从出水口流出。
无需外加动力的提水功能，工作时壳体内充满许多空气气泡，造成壳体内部的压力小于装置外部的水压，压力差将下层水体沿着进水口流进，沿着出水口自然流出，不需要外加动力将壳体下部的水体提升到壳体上部。
壳体的出水口形成均匀向上涌水流、并逐渐向四周均匀扩散，因为连接杆和浮球阻力非常小，基本可以忽略，即整个装置工作时在没有外力作用下是固定于水面上。将挡水板插入到水体中，它可以挡住部分向四周扩散的水流，这样对装置形成一个外力(FD),那么装置在水面上就会向没有阻力的方向移动，实现可移动性。如果要实现多方向移动，那么就用机械控制杆调节挡水板伸缩时间、频率或转动方向，或通过多个连接杆控制不同方向中的多个挡水板伸缩来实现外力(FD)的不同方向及大小，使装置在水面上能够按照设定的路线或均匀 式移动。
在一个密闭壳体底部设置进水口，并在进水口上方设有曝气装置，并在中部设置填充层，曝气装置壳体内充空气，使壳体内压力低于外界水压，从而使水在该压力差下进入壳体内，并在填料层中与曝气装置排出的空气充分混合，高溶氧水体流出。
本发明所述的曝气装置为气体分散装置，使曝气管道输入的气体以气泡形式释放出来，曝气装置可根据实际需要设置多个；
本发明所述的填料材质可以是塑料等材料。
本发明所述的拦网为有孔的网状材料，其材质可以为金属、也可以为塑料等材质，其目的是挡住填料的外漏。
本发明所述的装置形状可以为圆形，方形或其它形状，其结构可以为塑钢结构或其它复合层结构，其目的是使内外水流不能混合，且能形成一个固定的空腔。其上面有开孔供水流的进出。
[附图说明]
图1为自由移动的高效增氧装置结构图
图中标记说明
1进水口a，3拦网a，4曝气装置b，5填料层，6拦网b，8出水口，10壳体，11输气管道b，12连接杆，13浮球，14浮体架，15风机，16电子控制器，17机械控制杆，18挡水板。
[具体实施方式]
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。
实施例1
如图1所示，一种自由移动的高效增氧装置，包括壳体10，设置在壳体内的曝气系统，设置在壳体10中部的填料层5；壳体10为塑钢结构或复合层结构形成的一个形状固定的空腔，壳体10底部设有至少一个进水口a1，壳体10顶部设有至少一个出水口8，壳体10的上部和下部可分别设置拦网a3和拦网b6。拦网a3和拦网b6分别位于填料层5上方和下方，采用金属或塑料制成的有孔网状结构，防止填料外漏；所述的填料层5为具有一定表面积的多面空心球体材料。所述的曝气系统为：设置在壳体下部的输气管道b11和与其连接的曝气装置b4，所述的壳体10上部通过连接杆12与浮体架14相连，浮体架14连接浮球13，通过浮球13提供浮力，壳体10上部旁侧设置挡水板18；浮球架14上放置风机15，风机15通过输气管道b11与曝气装置b4连接。风机15外接电源。所述的连接杆12长短可以调节，以确定壳体10在水中的高度。所述的浮球13至少为3个，浮球提供的浮力大小至少大于整个增氧装置的重量，但浮球横切面积越小越好。所述的挡水板18连接机械控制杆17。挡水板18为片状，数量至少1片，总面积大小以其浸没在水中的挡水力(FD)大于高效增氧装置浸没在水中的阻力(Fz)为宜。机械控制杆17连接控制其伸缩频率及持续时间的电子控制器16，机械控制杆17调节挡水板18伸缩时间、频率及方向；或通过多个连接杆17控制多个挡水板18的方向和伸缩来调节施加高效增氧装置上的外力(FD)的方向及大小，使高效增氧装置在水面上按照设定的路线或均匀式移动。
高效增氧装置置于水中，并通过浮球13、浮球架14和连接杆12使其固定于水中，曝气系统向壳体10内冲入气体，使壳体10内部的压力小于外部的水压，压力差将下层水体沿着进水口a1流入，沿着出水口8自然流出，为水体增氧；同时挡水板18插入水体中，挡住壳体顶部向四周扩散的水流，形成外力推动高效增氧装置自由移动。
所述的壳体10长期浸入自然水域中，水域中天然营养盐促使填料层5生长一层生物膜，装置工作时，通过的水流流经生物膜加快其硝化反应，降低水体中的氨氮和亚硝酸盐在水中的离子浓度。
上述高效增氧装置进行高效增氧的方法为：气体由输气管道11输入到曝气装置4，气泡在增氧装置壳体10内逐渐上升、与填料层5进行充分混合、溶解，贫氧水体从进水口流进，在装置壳体内复氧后从出水口流出。
无需外加动力的提水功能，工作时壳体内充满许多空气气泡，造成壳体内部的压力小于装置外部的水压，压力差将下层水体沿着进水口流进，沿着出水口自然流出，不需要外加动力将壳体下部的水体提升到壳体上部。
上述高效增氧装置自由移动通过以下方法实现：壳体的出水口形成均匀向上涌水流、并逐渐向四周均匀扩散，因为连接杆和浮球阻力非常小，基本可以忽略，即整个装置工作时在没有外力作用下是固定于水面上。将挡水板插入到水体中，它可以挡住部分向四周扩散的水流，这样对装置形成一个外力(FD),那么装置在水面上就会向没有阻力的方向移动，实现可移动性。如果要实现多方向移动，那么就用机械控制杆调节挡水板伸缩时间、频率及方向，或通过多个连接杆控制不同方向中的多个挡水板伸缩来实现外力(FD)的不同方向及大小，使装置在水面上能够按照设定的路线或均匀式移动。
实施例2
所述的壳体10底部设置的进水口a1外接一个进水装置。在浮力架14放置太阳能板，风机15连接太阳能板，由太阳能提供电力。所述的挡水板18固定于浮体架14上。其余同实施例1。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种自由移动的高效增氧装置，其特征在于，包括壳体(10)，设置在壳体内的曝气系统，设置在壳体(10)中部的填料层(5)；所述的壳体(10)底部设有至少一个进水口a(1)，所述的曝气系统为：设置在壳体下部的输气管道b(11)和与其连接的曝气装置b(4)，所述的壳体(10)上部通过连接杆(12)与浮体架(14)相连，浮体架(14)连接浮球(13)，通过浮球(13)提供浮力，壳体(10)上部旁侧设置挡水板(18)；
    高效增氧装置置于水中，并通过浮球(13)、浮球架(14)和连接杆(12)使其固定于水中，曝气系统向壳体(10)内冲入气体，使壳体(10)内部的压力小于外部的水压，压力差将下层水体沿着进水口a(1)流入，沿着出水口(8)自然流出，为水体增氧；同时挡水板(18)插入水体中，挡住壳体顶部向四周扩散的水流，形成外力推动高效增氧装置自由移动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种自由移动的高效增氧装置，其特征在于，所述的浮球架(14)上放置风机(15)，风机(15)通过输气管道b(11)与曝气装置b(4)连接，所述的曝气系统还可以设置两组以上。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种自由移动的高效增氧装置，其特征在于，所述的壳体(10)的上部和下部可分别设置拦网a(3)和拦网b(6)。
  4. 根据权利要求1或3所述的一种自由移动的高效增氧装置，其特征在于，所述的拦网a(3)和拦网b(6)分别位于填料层(5)上方和下方，采用金属或塑料制成的有孔网状结构，防止填料外漏；所述的填料层(5)为具有一定表面积的多面空心球体材料。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种自由移动的高效增氧装置，其特征在于，所述的壳体(10)为塑钢结构或复合层结构形成的一个形状固定的空腔。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种自由移动的高效增氧装置，其特征在于，所述的壳体(10)底部设置的进水口a(1)可外接一个进水装置；或者，壳体(10)直接浸入水中，利用壳体内外压差，无需外加动力自动提水。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种自由移动的高效增氧装置，其特征在于，所述的连接杆(12)长短可以调节，以确定壳体(10)在水中的高度。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种自由移动的高效增氧装置，其特征在于，所述的浮球(13)至少为3个，浮球提供的浮力大小至少大于整个增氧装置的重量。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的一种自由移动的高效增氧装置，其特征在于，所述的风机(15)外接电源，或者在浮力架(14)放置太阳能板，由太阳能供电系统提供电力。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的一种自由移动的高效增氧装置，其特征在于，所述的挡水板(18)固定于浮体架(14)上，或者连接机械控制杆(17)。
  11. 根据权利要求1或10所述的一种自由移动的高效增氧装置，其特征在于，所述的挡水板(18)为片状，数量至少1片，总面积大小以其浸没在水中的挡水力(FD)大于高效增氧装置浸没在水中的阻力(Fz)为宜。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的一种自由移动的高效增氧装置，其特征在于，所述的机械控制杆(17)由电子控制器(16)来控制操作，机械控制杆(17)调节挡水板(18)伸缩或转动的时间、频率及方向；或通过多个连接杆(17)来完成，使高效增氧装置在水面上按照设定的路线或均匀式移动。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的一种自由移动的高效增氧装置，其特征在于，所述的壳体(10)长期浸入自然水域中，水域中天然营养盐促使填料层(5)生长一层生物膜，装置工作时，通过的水流流经生物膜加快其硝化反应，降低水体中的氨氮和亚硝酸盐等浓度。
  14. 根据权利要求1和6所述的一种自由移动的高效增氧装置，其特征在于，所述增氧装置进水口a(1)可外接的进水装置或导管可以延伸到水体底部，从而将底部沉积物通过负压带动水体上层，从而实现颗粒物再悬浮和交换底部水层的功能。
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CN113598124A (zh) * 2021-08-23 2021-11-05 浙江省海洋水产研究所 用于大范围水域养殖的曝气设备
CN115417513A (zh) * 2022-09-16 2022-12-02 浙江建设职业技术学院 一种水体曝气系统
CN117193107A (zh) * 2023-09-28 2023-12-08 广东胜昌科技有限公司 一种基于人工智能技术的增氧机智能控制方法

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