WO2015131438A1 - Dispositif permettant la modification en ligne de laitier de fusion à l'état thermique - Google Patents

Dispositif permettant la modification en ligne de laitier de fusion à l'état thermique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015131438A1
WO2015131438A1 PCT/CN2014/076533 CN2014076533W WO2015131438A1 WO 2015131438 A1 WO2015131438 A1 WO 2015131438A1 CN 2014076533 W CN2014076533 W CN 2014076533W WO 2015131438 A1 WO2015131438 A1 WO 2015131438A1
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Prior art keywords
slag
hole
chamber
furnace
reforming
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PCT/CN2014/076533
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
苍大强
李宇
代文彬
赵贵州
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北京科技大学
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Publication of WO2015131438A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015131438A1/fr

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B3/00—General features in the manufacture of pig-iron
    • C21B3/04—Recovery of by-products, e.g. slag
    • C21B3/06—Treatment of liquid slag
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of sensible heat utilization of metallurgical high-temperature slag and efficient utilization of resources, and provides a thermal slag online upgrading device. Background technique
  • metallurgical industry such as steel
  • hundreds of millions of tons of liquid metallurgical slag are required to be discharged every year, such as blast furnace slag, steel slag, nickel iron slag, and stainless steel slag.
  • These metallurgical slags contain not only many useful inorganic components, such as CaO, SiO 2 , A1 2 O 3 , MgO, but also residual metal elements such as Fe, Mn, Cr, M, etc. which can be re-extracted and recovered.
  • the slag discharge temperature is 1200 ⁇ 1650°C
  • the thermal enthalpy value is 1.6 ⁇ 1.7 GJ/t
  • the heat value of ton slag is equivalent to 50 ⁇ 60kg standard coal, which has high waste heat resources.
  • the discharged liquid slag mainly passes through: 1) directly pouring into a slag container or a slag container such as a slag pot or a slag pot, and then solidifying the slag by natural cooling or a small amount of water to cool down, such as Steelmaking slag, refining slag, nickel iron slag, etc.; 2) Directly pouring into the pool or quenching and quenching, such as blast furnace slag; 3) being impact quenched by high-speed jet airflow to form granulated solid residue, part of hot flue gas can be Recover heat transfer.
  • the discharged slag is cooled and solidified, it is partially used in low value-added fields such as road paving, concrete coarse aggregate, slag cement, etc., and the rest is disposed of, causing groundwater pollution, dust pollution, and occupation of land resources.
  • the residual metal elements in the solid residue have not been recovered by secondary extraction, which reduces the economic benefits of secondary resource utilization.
  • it is necessary to carry out corresponding processing and processing processes such as drying, crushing, sieving, ball milling, magnetic separation, etc., resulting in long processing process, serious equipment wear, high operating energy consumption, unstable slag product composition. And so on.
  • slag requires secondary melting to achieve a desired chemical composition, which increases energy consumption and manufacturing costs.
  • the main method is: The slag is directly contacted with water or gas to transfer heat to the medium, and the medium passes through the waste heat boiler to transfer heat and convert it into superheated saturated steam for power generation. Or heating Wait. Although the residual heat of the slag is recycled, the equipment occupies a large area, the heat transfer conversion process is long, and the thermal efficiency is low, which belongs to the physical method waste heat recovery. Moreover, the chemical composition of the solid slag after cooling is unchanged, and subsequent processing is difficult.
  • the main problem in the upgrading process is how to mix a large amount of modifier and liquid slag evenly and achieve heat-increasing heat. This requires a device to realize the two processes of stirring and replenishing, and the related slag is modified or recovered.
  • the patents CN1148409A, CN101713008A, CN101643371 A
  • most of the specific equipment, and the modification of the residual slag are not mentioned.
  • the visible patent "a method and a device for smelting reduction of nickel slag iron” (CN101713008A) realizes the purpose of reducing and recovering residual metal iron element and residual slag resource in cement metallurgical waste nickel slag for cement production.
  • this method uses electric energy heating, and the smelting cost is relatively high.
  • the main purpose of reducing the iron content in the slag is that the remaining slag is not further processed and modified, and the application range of the residual slag is limited.
  • the content of residual iron in the nickel slag raw material is high (40%), reaching the level of medium and low grade iron ore. This method is not easy to be applied to waste slag resources with low iron content.
  • Patented "double molten pool reduction nickel slag oxy-coal gun injection furnace" (CN201382694Y), using the coal injection gun and slagging agent to reduce, replenish and slag the nickel slag, the reduced molten iron can be used for atmospheric corrosion resistant steel Production, but the method is difficult to control, and the pollution is large, which is difficult to apply in industry.
  • the main purpose of the method is to reduce the valence of the final residue based on the reduction of valuable metals in the recovered slag. quality.
  • Patent "a method for comprehensively utilizing high-temperature nickel to smelt molten slag” (CN101020968A) proposes a comprehensive utilization method for recovering residual valuable metals and utilizing residual slag resources for nickel smelting slag, but no specific feasible equipment is proposed.
  • Patent "a liquid steel slag treatment process and device” (CN101691620A) uses gas as a medium to recover waste heat from steel slag to achieve granulation of steel slag, but does not achieve slag upgrading, and relies on physical methods to recover waste heat, and the rest of heat recovery efficiency It is also low and difficult to achieve in industry.
  • a hot slag on-line upgrading device is a reforming reactor for processing high-temperature hot slag discharged in industrial production on-line, which can solve the process of mixing slag and modifier It has two major problems of heat and stirring, and is easy to operate and control, that is, slag suitable for continuous discharge, and also suitable for intermittent discharge of slag.
  • the idea of the present invention is to combine the advantages of cyclone heating and glass melting furnace to produce a hot slag online upgrading device which is a combination of a cyclone heating section and a molten reforming section.
  • the hot slag online upgrading device that is, the reforming furnace, comprises: a top plug 1, a modified furnace body 2, a primary air outlet 3, a secondary air outlet 4, a tertiary air outlet 5, a cyclone furnace 6, Stirring paddle 7, partition wall 8, slope bottom 9, slag discharge hole 10, molten iron discharge hole 11, slag separation wall 12, flue 13, handle 14, relief hole 15, combustion observation hole 16, ignition Mouth 17, modified chamber observation hole 18, heat-reinforcing burner 19, slag chamber observation hole 20, liquid flow hole 21, feed hole 22, sampling hole 23, reforming chamber 24, slag iron separation chamber 25, slag discharge chamber 26. Cyclone body 27.
  • the outside of the reformer furnace body is made of welded steel structure, and the interior is made of refractory material.
  • the reforming furnace consists of a cyclone heating section and a molten reforming section. Unlike other patents, the device solves the heat-repairing problem of the reforming process in the cyclone heating section, and realizes the addition, heat-reduction and melting of the modifier, which controls the heating temperature and the amount of the modifier. It has significant advantages in terms of intermittent slagging for start-stop operation.
  • the molten modified section solves the problem of even mixing, realizes the uniform mixing of the modifier and the slag, and further heats up under the action of the flue gas.
  • the heat preservation and mixing of the glass melting furnace is utilized.
  • the uniform characteristics make the high-temperature liquid natural flow process mix and clarify, overcome the disadvantages of large slag disturbance, more impurities, foaming and low thermal efficiency in the traditional blowing heating process, so that the slag mixing process is more efficient.
  • the slag-iron separation process of reducing slag is more thorough, the quality of the reformed slag is significantly improved, and the control of the reforming process is more effective.
  • the cyclone heating section is composed of a top plug 1, a combustion observation hole 16, a pressure relief hole 15, a primary air outlet 3, a secondary air outlet 4, a tertiary air outlet 5, a cyclone furnace body 27, and a cyclone furnace 6.
  • three pairs of centrally symmetrical air outlets are arranged, which are respectively a primary air outlet 3, a secondary air outlet 4, and a tertiary air outlet 5, and an inverted cone-shaped top plug 1 is arranged on the top of the heating section.
  • the ignition plug 17 and the pressure relief hole 15 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the top plug 1, and the combustion observation hole 16 is disposed at the center of the top portion of the heating section.
  • the cyclone body 27 is designed as a four-stage movable split, and the height of the cyclone body 27 and the number of tuy insomnia can be adjusted according to actual use requirements.
  • the molten reforming section is composed of a reforming chamber 24, a slag iron separating chamber 25, a slag discharging chamber 26, a slope bottom 9, a partition wall 8, a slag separation wall 12, a liquid flow hole 21, a molten iron discharge hole 11, and a slag discharge.
  • the hole 10 the charging hole 22, the sampling hole 23, the flue 13, the stirring paddle 7, the reheating burner 19, the reforming chamber observation hole 18, and the slag discharge chamber observation hole 20 are formed.
  • a partition wall 8 is disposed between the modification chamber 24 and the slag separation chamber 25, the top of which is higher than the design slag surface 28, and the furnace The top is kept at a distance of 20 ⁇ 50mm.
  • the smallest area longitudinal section of the partition wall 8 is approximately conical, the top is rounded, and a liquid flow hole 21 is opened in the lower part of the partition wall 8.
  • the upper half of the liquid flow hole 21 is semicircular, and the lower half is rectangular; the partition wall 8
  • the refractory material is cast, and the position in the furnace can be moved back and forth as needed to adjust the relative sizes of the reforming chamber 24 and the slag separation chamber 25.
  • a slag separation wall 12 is disposed between the slag separation chamber 25 and the slag discharge chamber 26, the longitudinal section of which is a rounded rectangle at the top, and the top height is 20 to 30 mm lower than the design slag surface 28.
  • a circular iron liquid discharge hole 11 having a diameter of 10 to 30 mm is opened in the slag iron separation chamber 25 - the side wall and near the bottom of the slag separation wall 12.
  • a circular slag discharge hole 10 having a diameter of 15 to 40 mm is opened at the side wall of the end of the reforming furnace, and the central axis of the slag discharge hole 10 is at an angle of 3° with the horizontal plane.
  • a circular sampling hole 23 having a diameter of 50 to 150 mm is opened at the top of the slag separation chamber 25, and the central axis of the sampling hole 23 is perpendicular to the horizontal plane.
  • a circular feeding hole 22 having a cross-sectional diameter of 50 to 120 mm is opened, and the center axis of the feeding hole 22 is at an angle of 30 to 70° with the horizontal plane, and extends to the reforming chamber 24.
  • a stirring paddle 7 extending to the reforming chamber 24 is inserted, and the stirring paddle 7 is made of a combination of heat-resistant steel and refractory material, and the center rod portion of the stirring paddle 7 is maintained at 40 to 70° with the horizontal plane.
  • the angle can be extended or shortened according to the operation requirements, and the working length of the stirring paddle 7 in the furnace can be removed from the reforming furnace.
  • the bottom surface of the molten modified stage molten pool is inclined by ⁇ 7°, and the center of the bottom surface is higher than the bottom of the bottom of the pool.
  • the flue 13 is located at the top end of the tail of the furnace body, and the inner layer is covered with refractory material.
  • a heat-reinforcing burner 19 which is extended to the slag discharge chamber 26 in the furnace and which can eject a flame is inserted.
  • the heat-reinforcing burner 19 can not only increase the heat of the modified slag, but also improve the fluidity of the slag liquid, and can also burn off the residual combustible gas in the flue gas, such as carbon monoxide, methane, hydrocarbons, hydrogen, etc., to increase fuel utilization efficiency. , reduce air pollution.
  • the heat-reinforcing burner 19 and the ignition burner 17 can use natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, and gas as fuel.
  • the on-line upgrading process of hot slag is as follows: First, the modifier, pulverized coal and air are blown from the primary air outlet 3 into the cyclone furnace 6 and spirally moved downward along the wall surface of the cyclone furnace 6 while the pulverized coal is burned and changed. The granule is melted into a modifier melt under the action of intense combustion of the pulverized coal, and falls into the slag surface in the reforming chamber 24. After the amount of the modifier to be melted reaches a certain amount, the top plug 1 of the reforming furnace is taken out, and the hot slag to be modified is poured into the reforming chamber 24 in the furnace through the plug hole, in the slag.
  • the slag and the modifier are initially stirred. Wherein, part of the combustion air is used as the carrier gas, and the modifier and the pulverized coal are blown into the cyclone furnace 6 through the primary air outlet 3, and the other remaining combustion air is blown into the furnace from the secondary air outlet 4 and the tertiary air outlet 5 in different proportions. Coal powder.
  • the slag after reforming and reduction in the reforming chamber 24 flows from the liquid flow hole 21 to the slag separation chamber 25, and after the metal molten iron in the slag is accumulated and settled for a certain period of time, the molten metal is discharged from the slag separation chamber 25
  • the molten iron discharge hole 11 is discharged and sent to the steelmaking smelting, and the remaining slag flows into the slag discharge chamber 26 through the top of the slag separation wall 12, to be drained
  • the slag liquid is discharged from the slag discharge hole 10 after being accumulated for a certain period of time.
  • the reducing agent is added to the mixed modified slag through the feeding hole 22, and under the action of the stirring paddle 7, the reducing agent gradually reduces the iron oxide in the slag to the metallic iron.
  • the liquid and the stirring action also promote the mutual fusion, homogenization and clarification process of the modifier slag liquid and the slag, and the aggregation and sedimentation process of the molten iron in the slag.
  • the fluidity of the modified slag liquid outside the furnace is observed, and the temperature of the slag liquid is measured by a temperature measuring instrument. If the fluidity of the slag liquid is not good and the temperature is low, the slag in the slag discharge chamber 26 is utilized by the heat-reinforcing burner 19 Spitfire on the surface to add heat.
  • the supply hole 22 and the sampling hole 23 in the molten heating section are blocked by a cylindrical plug when not in use to prevent hot smoke from being emitted, and the molten iron discharge hole 11 and the slag discharge hole 10 are used in an amorphous type when not in use.
  • the refractory cement is blocked, and the refractory material can block the pores by self-sintering to prevent the self-discharge of the molten iron and the slag.
  • the invention has the advantages that: the on-line upgrading of the high-temperature hot slag can not only directly convert the high-quality waste heat resources in the slag into chemical binding energy, improve the utilization efficiency of the waste heat, but also reduce the conventional processing technology of the solid waste residue, and reduce The space occupied by the waste treatment equipment and the degree of equipment wear.
  • the modified slag discharged from the reforming furnace can be made into different materials as needed, such as glass, ceramics, glass ceramics, active mixed materials, active admixtures, slag wool, artificial marble, artificial cast stone, artificial granite. Wait. For some slags with high residual iron content, metal iron liquid or iron alloy can be recovered, and the applicable raw materials range is wide.
  • Figure 1 is a front elevational view of the apparatus of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of Figure 1.
  • the reference numerals in the drawings indicate: 1, top plug, 2, modified furnace body, 3, primary air outlet, 4, secondary air outlet, 5, tertiary air outlet, 6, cyclone furnace, 7, stirring paddle, 8, partition wall, 9 , slope bottom, 10, slag discharge hole, 11, molten iron discharge hole, 12, slag iron separation wall, 13, flue, 14, handle, 15, pressure relief hole, 16, combustion observation hole, 17, point Fire burner, 18, slag mixing observation hole, 19, supplementary heat burner, 20, slag observation hole, 21, liquid flow hole, 22, feeding hole, 23, sampling hole, 24, modification room, 25, slag Iron separation chamber, 26, slag discharge chamber, 27, cyclone furnace body, 28, design slag surface. detailed description
  • Pulverized coal ball milled through a 100 mesh standard sieve, particle size ⁇ 0.15 mm, ash content 14.08%.
  • Liquefied petroleum gas and air are introduced into the ignition burner 17 and the supplementary heat burner 19 to ignite the gas mixture, and the heat generated by the combustion gradually preheats the internal space of the reforming furnace and the refractory material.
  • the rotary air feeder and the blast blowing pipe are used to spray from the primary air outlet 3 into the furnace. Blow the coal powder and turn off the heat-reducing burner 19.
  • the pulverized coal injected into the furnace is ignited, and the temperature in each zone of the reforming furnace is further increased.
  • Control the pulverized coal injection volume to 50 ⁇ 70 kg/h, and the primary air blast volume is 380 ⁇ 440 m 3 /h.
  • the temperature of the primary tuyere 3 can be stabilized at 1000 ⁇ 1100°.
  • the temperature of the third air outlet can be stabilized at 1450 ⁇ 1550 °C
  • the temperature of the modification chamber 24 can be stabilized at 1460 ⁇ 1520 °C
  • the temperature near the sampling port 23 in the middle of the furnace body can reach 1270 ⁇ 1320 °C.
  • the temperature in the molten pool area of the furnace can reach the lowest temperature line of 1350 ° C for melting the modified slag.
  • High temperature slag blast furnace slag, temperature 1500 ° C; pulverized coal, ball milled through 100 mesh standard sieve, particle size ⁇ 0.15 mm, ash content 14.08%. Modifier, not ball milled, particle size ⁇ 1 mm.
  • Liquefied petroleum gas and air are introduced into the ignition burner 17 and the supplementary heat burner 19 to ignite the gas mixture, and the heat generated by the combustion gradually preheats the internal space of the reforming furnace and the refractory material.
  • the rotary air feeder and the blast blowing pipe are used to spray from the primary air outlet 3 into the furnace. Blow the coal powder and turn off the heat-reducing burner 19. Under the action of the ignition burner 17, the pulverized coal injected into the furnace is ignited, and the temperature in each zone of the reforming furnace is further increased.
  • the injection of pulverized coal into the furnace is stopped.
  • the top plug 1 is removed, and the molten high-temperature slag is introduced into the reforming furnace from the top feeding port by a pouring device.
  • the speed of the feeder adjust the mixture of pulverized coal and modifier in the furnace.
  • the amount of the mixture is 80 ⁇ 120 kg/h, and the air volume is adjusted to 400 ⁇ 600 m 3 /h.
  • the temperature of the third wind section can be maintained at 1500 ⁇ 1550 °C, and the temperature of the reforming chamber 24 can be maintained at 1450 ⁇ 1500 °C.
  • the temperature of the slag surface in the molten pool of the modified chamber 24 was measured to be 1471 ° C, and the slag was melted and uniformly mixed.
  • the liquid residue in the molten pool of the modification chamber 24 was sampled, and after cooling and grinding, the mass ratio of calcium oxide to silicon dioxide in the component was 1.05 using a fluorescence analyzer to meet the design requirements.
  • the slag is directly discharged from the molten iron discharge hole 11 or the slag discharge hole 10.
  • High temperature slag steel slag, temperature 1600 ° C; pulverized coal, ball milled through 100 mesh standard sieve, particle size ⁇ 0.15 mm, ash content 14.08%. Modifier, not ball milled, particle size ⁇ 1 mm.
  • Liquefied petroleum gas and air are introduced into the ignition burner 17 and the supplementary heat burner 19 to ignite the gas mixture, and the heat generated by the combustion gradually preheats the internal space of the reforming furnace and the refractory material.
  • the temperature in the reforming chamber 24 gradually rises to 400 ⁇ 470 °C, and then the rotary air feeder and the blast blowing pipe are used, and the primary air outlet 3 is directed into the furnace. Blow the pulverized coal and turn off the heat-reducing burner 19. Under the action of the ignition burner 17, the pulverized coal injected into the furnace is ignited, and the temperature in each zone of the reforming furnace is further increased.
  • the injection of pulverized coal into the furnace is stopped.
  • the top plug 1 is removed, and the molten high-temperature slag is introduced into the reforming furnace from the top feeding port by a pouring device.
  • the speed of the feeder adjust the mixture of pulverized coal and modifier in the furnace.
  • the amount of the mixture is 50 ⁇ 100 kg/h, and the air volume is adjusted to 220 ⁇ 500 m 3 /h.
  • the temperature of the third wind section can be maintained at 1550 ⁇ 1650 °C, and the temperature of the reforming chamber 24 can be maintained at 1470 ⁇ 1550 °C.
  • the reducing agent pulverized coal is supplied from the furnace body supply port 22, and the slag in the pool is stirred by the stirring paddle 7.
  • the temperature of the slag surface in the molten pool of the modified chamber 24 is measured to be 1530 ° C by using an infrared high temperature thermometer, and the slag has been melted and uniformly mixed.
  • the mass ratio of calcium oxide to silicon dioxide in the component is 1.33, and the iron oxide content is less than 1% to achieve the required design composition.
  • the molten metal is discharged from the molten iron discharge hole 11, and the molten slag is directly discharged from the molten slag discharge hole 10.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte à un dispositif permettant la modification en ligne d'un laitier de fusion à l'état thermique, comprenant : un bouchon supérieur (1), un corps de four de modification (2), une première ouverture (3) pour de l'air, une deuxième ouverture (4) pour de l'air, une troisième ouverture (5) pour de l'air, un creuset cyclone (6), un agitateur (7), une paroi de séparation (8), un fond de bassin en pente (9), un trou (10) d'évacuation de laitier de fusion, un trou (11) d'évacuation de fer liquide, une paroi de séparation (12) de laitier et de fer, un conduit de fumée (13), une poignée (14), un trou de réduction de la pression (15), un trou (16) d'observation de la combustion, un brûleur d'allumage (17), un trou d'observation (18) pour une chambre de modification, un brûleur de compensation de chaleur (19), un trou d'observation (20) pour une chambre d'évacuation de laitier, un orifice (21) d'écoulement de liquide, un trou d'alimentation (22), un trou d'échantillonnage (23), une chambre de modification (24), une chambre de séparation de laitier et de fer (25), une chambre d'évacuation de laitier (26) et un corps (27) de foyer-cyclone. Le dispositif est facilement mis en œuvre et présente un faible coût de fonctionnement.
PCT/CN2014/076533 2014-03-04 2014-04-30 Dispositif permettant la modification en ligne de laitier de fusion à l'état thermique WO2015131438A1 (fr)

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CN104805250B (zh) * 2015-04-21 2017-03-15 北京科技大学 一种高温熔渣连续改质的工艺方法
CN106871114A (zh) * 2017-03-17 2017-06-20 北京科技大学 一种煤的高效洁净多梯度燃烧装置及其使用方法
CN112390559B (zh) * 2020-12-03 2021-09-28 宁夏吉元君泰新材料科技有限公司 一种利用锰硅合金热熔渣制备砂石骨料的方法及应用
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