WO2015127836A1 - Chaudière à vapeur surchauffée de lit fluidisé à circulation horizontale - Google Patents

Chaudière à vapeur surchauffée de lit fluidisé à circulation horizontale Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015127836A1
WO2015127836A1 PCT/CN2015/070971 CN2015070971W WO2015127836A1 WO 2015127836 A1 WO2015127836 A1 WO 2015127836A1 CN 2015070971 W CN2015070971 W CN 2015070971W WO 2015127836 A1 WO2015127836 A1 WO 2015127836A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
combustion chamber
superheater
low temperature
chamber
fluidized bed
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2015/070971
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
康建斌
胡峰
李俊臣
王谦
胡彦霞
徐进廷
张哲�
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北京热华能源科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2015127836A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015127836A1/fr

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23CMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/02Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed
    • F23C10/04Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone
    • F23C10/08Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone characterised by the arrangement of separation apparatus, e.g. cyclones, for separating particles from the flue gases
    • F23C10/10Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone characterised by the arrangement of separation apparatus, e.g. cyclones, for separating particles from the flue gases the separation apparatus being located outside the combustion chamber
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01KSTEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K5/00Plants characterised by use of means for storing steam in an alkali to increase steam pressure, e.g. of Honigmann or Koenemann type
    • F01K5/02Plants characterised by use of means for storing steam in an alkali to increase steam pressure, e.g. of Honigmann or Koenemann type used in regenerative installation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a circulating fluidized bed combustion device, in particular to a horizontal circulating fluidized bed steam boiler for producing superheated steam, which belongs to the combustion of inferior coal, solid waste, urban and industrial sludge, biomass and other inferior fuels.
  • steam generating equipment especially suitable for steam utilization systems such as industrial heating and small power generation for burning inferior fuels.
  • boilers that use low-grade fuels such as inferior coal, solid waste, sludge, biomass, etc. to produce hot water and steam mainly include chain furnaces, water-cooled vibrating grate boilers, and circulating fluidized bed boilers, depending on the fuel. Different furnace types are selected for different characteristics, and different furnace types have their own characteristics. Hot water boilers are mainly used for urban heating, and steam boilers are mainly used for industrial heating and steam power generation.
  • Circulating fluidized bed boiler is a highly efficient and clean boiler technology developed in recent years. It has wide fuel adaptability and can be burned with high quality coal, inferior coal, solid waste, biomass and other fuels. Because of its high combustion efficiency, it can simultaneously carry out pollution control operations such as desulfurization and denitrification in the furnace, and has the advantages of low NOx and SOx emissions. Therefore, it has been rapidly developed in the power market and is developing in the direction of large-scale, 600MWe circulating flow. The chemical bed boiler has been put into commercial operation. In the power industry, the use of fuels such as inferior coal, solid waste, and biomass is likely to cause power generation downtime accidents. Therefore, the direct combustion applications of these fuels are limited, and they are actually adapted to higher quality fuels.
  • the Chinese patent document CN200510126362.6 discloses a horizontal circulating fluidized bed combustion apparatus and a cyclic combustion method thereof, which adopts an external vertical cyclone separator and adopts a conventional
  • the furnace of the vertical boiler is divided into three parts: the main combustion chamber, the auxiliary combustion chamber and the burnout chamber, thereby effectively reducing the height of the furnace.
  • Chinese patent document CN201010110352.4 discloses a multi-process circulating fluidized bed boiler comprising a main combustion chamber, a secondary combustion chamber and a burnout chamber, and a blanking passage is left between the bottom surface of the burnout chamber and the bottom surface of the secondary combustion chamber.
  • a loose hood is arranged on the bottom of the burnout chamber to ensure smooth separation and transportation of materials.
  • these types of boilers are often used to produce hot water or saturated steam, and thus cannot be applied to industrial heating or steam power generation systems that require higher levels of temperature and pressure.
  • the present invention provides a horizontal circulating fluidized bed superheated steam boiler, which has a compact structure and fluidized combustion on the one hand, and high-quality superheated steam with high temperature and high pressure on the other hand.
  • a horizontal circulating fluidized bed superheated steam boiler comprising a main combustion chamber consisting of a dense phase zone of a main combustion chamber and a dilute phase zone of a main combustion chamber, a secondary combustion chamber, a burnout chamber, a drum, a soda water outlet pipe, and a saturation a steam take-off pipe, a separator and a tail flue, a wind deflecting plate is arranged in a lower part of the main combustion chamber, a first water-cooling wall partition wall is arranged between the main combustion chamber and the auxiliary combustion chamber, and a section between the auxiliary combustion chamber and the burn-out chamber is provided
  • the second water cold wall partition has a V-shaped ash hopper at the bottom of the auxiliary combustion chamber and the burnout chamber; the separator is connected to the burnout chamber through the connecting passage, and the separator can be arranged one or two according to the size of the boiler;
  • the channel is connected to the returning device; the returning device is respectively connected with the returning port and the bottom of the V-shaped
  • the horizontal circulating fluidized bed superheated steam boiler arranges a multi-screen high-temperature radiation superheater in a dilute phase region of a main combustion chamber, and a low-temperature convection superheater in a secondary combustion chamber; the low-temperature convection superheater passes through a saturated steam extraction pipe and The drum is connected; the high temperature radiation superheater is connected to the low temperature convection superheater through the steam communication pipe; the water spray desuperheater is arranged on the steam communication pipe; the high temperature radiation superheater of each screen is composed of the inlet header box, the outlet header box and the superheater tube;
  • the low temperature convection superheater consists of an upper header, a lower header and a serpentine tube.
  • the technical feature of the present invention is further that: the distance S1 between the tube screens in the multi-screen high-temperature radiation superheater is 0.6-2.0 m; the distance S1 is 0.6-2.0 m; the pitch between the superheater tubes S2 and the tube
  • the ratio of the diameter D1 is 1.25 to 1.50.
  • the upper part of the low-temperature convection superheater is arranged in a stepped manner, and is inclined downward from the first water-cooling wall partition wall 8 toward the second water-cooling wall partition wall 28; the transverse pitch S3 between the serpentine tubes is 60 ⁇ 150mm, longitudinal pitch S4 is 50 ⁇ 120mm.
  • the invention has the following advantages and outstanding effects: 1 Compared with the conventional horizontal circulating fluidized bed boiler, high temperature and high pressure steam can be produced. Thanks to the water spray desuperheater, the superheater outlet steam temperature can be precisely controlled. 2 The high temperature radiant superheater in the main combustion chamber and the low temperature convection superheater in the sub-combustion chamber are arranged in series, making full use of the opposite characteristics of the radiant superheater and the convective superheater outlet steam temperature with load change, the steam temperature regulation characteristics are good, and it is easy to control temperature.
  • the invention is based on a conventional horizontal circulating fluidized bed boiler, and a unique superheater system is arranged.
  • the invention not only inherits the fuel adaptability of the horizontal circulating fluidized bed boiler, but also has the advantages of high fuel adaptability, desulfurization and denitration in the furnace, and high temperature and high pressure steam in the "pot" aspect.
  • the invention is particularly suitable for applications requiring high quality steam utilization.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure principle of a horizontal circulating fluidized bed superheated steam boiler provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a boiler steam water system.
  • 3a and 3b are schematic views of a stepped arrangement of a low temperature convection superheater tube bundle.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a high temperature radiation superheater tube screen.
  • Figure 5 is a top plan view of a horizontal circulating fluidized bed superheated steam boiler in which a separator is disposed.
  • Figure 6 is a top plan view of a horizontal circulating fluidized bed superheated steam boiler in which two separators are arranged.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a horizontal circulating fluidized bed superheated steam boiler provided by the present invention, which comprises a main combustion chamber consisting of a dense phase zone 2 of the main combustion chamber and a rare phase zone 7 of the main combustion chamber, and a secondary combustion.
  • a chamber 14, a burnout chamber 15, a drum 13, a soda water outlet pipe 10, a saturated steam take-off pipe 12, a separator 17 and a tail flue 19, and a wind deflecting plate 1 a main combustion chamber and a sub-combustion are arranged in a lower portion of the main combustion chamber.
  • first water wall partition 8 between the chambers 14, a second water wall partition 28 between the sub-chamber 14 and the burnout chamber 15, and a V-shaped hopper 26 at the bottom of the sub-chamber 14 and the burn-out chamber 15.
  • the separator 17 is connected to the burnout chamber 15 through the connecting passage 16, and one or two can be arranged; the lower portion of the separator 17 is connected to the return feeder 25 through the return passage 27; the return feeder 25 and the return port 24 and V, respectively
  • the bottom of the ash hopper 26 is connected; a low temperature economizer 21, a high temperature economizer 20 and an air preheater 22 are arranged in the tail flue 19, and the low temperature economizer 21 and the high temperature economizer 22 are connected in series.
  • a multi-screen high temperature radiant superheater 6 is disposed in the main combustion chamber lean phase zone 7, and a low temperature convection superheater 30 is disposed in the secondary combustion chamber 14.
  • the low temperature convection superheater 30 is connected to the drum 13 through a saturated steam outlet pipe 12; the high temperature radiation superheater 6 is connected to the low temperature convection superheater 30 through a steam communication pipe 5; and the water spray desuperheater 4 is disposed on the steam communication pipe 5.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a steam circulating water system of a horizontal circulating fluidized bed superheated steam boiler according to the present invention.
  • the boiler feed water is sequentially introduced into the drum 13 through the low temperature economizer 21 and the high temperature economizer 20, and then distributed to the main combustion chamber by the downcomer 9.
  • the boiler feed water absorbs heat in the water wall to form a steam-water mixture, and the steam-water mixture is led to the drum 13 by the steam-water outlet pipe 10.
  • the steam-water mixture passes through the steam-water separation device inside the drum, and the hot water portion is further sent to the downcomer 9 to participate in the circulation, and the saturated steam portion is then led to the low-temperature convection superheater 30 by the saturated steam extracting pipe 12 to continue to absorb heat and reach overheating. State, forming superheated steam.
  • the superheated steam is then led by the steam communication pipe 5 to the high temperature radiant superheater 6 to continue to absorb heat until the design parameters are reached, and the boiler is taken out from the superheated steam outlet 11.
  • the superheater desuperheating water is taken from the boiler feed water, and is led to the water spray desuperheater 4 via the desuperheating water pipe 32.
  • the superheated steam achieves the purpose of superheated steam cooling by mixing with the desuperheated water in the water spray desuperheater 4.
  • a water spray desuperheating regulating valve 31 is disposed on the desuperheating water pipe 32, and the amount of desuperheating water entering the water sprinkler 4 is controlled by adjusting the opening degree of the water spray desuperheating regulating valve 31, thereby realizing temperature adjustment and control. .
  • the low temperature convection superheater 30 is composed of an upper header 33, a lower header 35 and a serpentine tube 34; the upper part of the low temperature convection superheater is arranged in a stepped manner, from The water-cooling wall partition wall 8 is arranged in a stepped downward direction toward the second water-cooling wall partition wall 28; the horizontal pitch S3 between the serpentine tubes 34 is 60-150 mm, and the longitudinal pitch S4 is 50-120 mm.
  • the low temperature convection superheater welcomes the flow direction of the flue gas, and the step is inclined to facilitate the secondary combustion.
  • the high concentration material in the chamber 14 near the burnout chamber 15 flows smoothly (the concentration of the material near the burnout chamber is high due to the centrifugal action of the particles flowing through the inverted U-shaped passage between the main combustion chamber and the burnout chamber).
  • each of the high temperature radiant superheaters 6 is composed of an inlet header 36, an outlet header 37 and a superheater tube 38.
  • Each boiler can be arranged with multiple screens according to requirements. In this example, 3 screens are arranged, and the distance S1 between the tube screens is 0.6-2.0 m; the ratio of the pitch S2 of the superheater tubes 38 to the tube diameter D1 is 1.25 to 1.50. .
  • Figures 5 and 6 show schematic views of the embodiment of a horizontal circulating fluidized bed superheated steam boiler with one and two separators, respectively.
  • a separator should be arranged; when the boiler evaporation is 10 ⁇ 20t/h, it is better to arrange one or two separators according to the actual situation; when the boiler evaporation is greater than 20t/ When h, it is advisable to arrange two separators.
  • the fuel is fed from the fuel feeding device 3, and the air supporting the combustion is sent from the air distribution plate 1 through the air preheater 22, and the fuel is sequentially in the dense phase region of the main combustion chamber 2, the dilute phase region of the main combustion chamber 7, and the secondary combustion.
  • the chamber 14 and the burnout chamber 15 are combusted, and the flue gas carrying the particulate matter generated by the combustion is separated by the separator 17, and the flue gas enters the tail flue 19 through the separator and the horizontal flue 18, and sequentially flows through the high-temperature economizer 20,
  • the low temperature economizer 21 and the air preheater 22 exit the boiler via the flue gas outlet 23.
  • the particulate material circulation can circulate and burn unburned carbon particles to improve the combustion efficiency.
  • the concentration of the particulate material in the main combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber can be increased, and the higher material concentration is beneficial to improve the arrangement in the main combustion chamber.
  • the heat transfer coefficient of the flue gas in the sub-combustion chamber superheater can be increased.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une chaudière à vapeur surchauffée d'un lit fluidisé à circulation horizontale, comprenant une chambre de combustion primaire, une chambre de combustion secondaire (14), une chambre de combustion totale (15), un séparateur (17) et un conduit de cheminée de queue (19), la chambre de combustion primaire et la chambre de combustion secondaire (14) comportent respectivement en leur sein un surchauffeur à rayonnement à haute température (6) et un surchauffeur à convection à basse température (30) ; un désurchauffeur de type à pulvérisation (4) est disposé entre les surchauffeurs à deux étages ; un faisceau de tubes du surchauffeur à convection à basse température (30) est disposé en oblique, étagé en direction du flux de gaz, facilitant ainsi la circulation de matériau et réduisant l'accumulation de cendres. La chaudière à vapeur est un dispositif efficace de production de vapeur surchauffée doté d'une combustion propre, d'une structure compacte et d'une longue durée de vie.
PCT/CN2015/070971 2014-02-28 2015-01-19 Chaudière à vapeur surchauffée de lit fluidisé à circulation horizontale WO2015127836A1 (fr)

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CN201410073524.3A CN103836612B (zh) 2014-02-28 2014-02-28 一种卧式循环流化床过热蒸汽锅炉
CN201410073524.3 2014-02-28

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Cited By (9)

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CN106123018A (zh) * 2016-06-29 2016-11-16 无锡锡能锅炉有限公司 燃气锅炉异形水冷壁结构
CN107084387A (zh) * 2017-06-12 2017-08-22 清华大学 一种烟气回燃的多流程低NOx卧式循环流化床锅炉
CN109268811A (zh) * 2018-10-12 2019-01-25 扬州正宇锅炉有限公司 一种步进式组合炉排锅炉
CN110107877A (zh) * 2019-06-05 2019-08-09 福建省东锅节能科技有限公司 燃用生物质能的锅炉及其工作方法
CN110220180A (zh) * 2019-04-30 2019-09-10 中国能源建设集团湖南省电力设计院有限公司 一种可使用低热值燃料的流化床锅炉
CN110220178A (zh) * 2019-07-10 2019-09-10 哈尔滨红光锅炉总厂有限责任公司 一种生物质直燃节能型循环流化床锅炉汽水循环系统
CN112283700A (zh) * 2020-09-17 2021-01-29 温岭绿能新能源有限公司 一种循环流化床锅炉输灰渣方法
CN117053185A (zh) * 2023-06-21 2023-11-14 西安交通大学 一种循环流化床锅炉压火调峰的改造系统
CN117588755A (zh) * 2023-12-27 2024-02-23 中科合肥煤气化技术有限公司 对低热值气化飞灰资源化利用的循环流化床焚烧炉系统及方法

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CN103836612B (zh) * 2014-02-28 2015-10-07 北京热华能源科技有限公司 一种卧式循环流化床过热蒸汽锅炉
FI128009B (fi) * 2014-10-03 2019-07-31 Valmet Power Oy Järjestely ja menetelmä soodakattilassa
CN105716075A (zh) * 2016-02-03 2016-06-29 山东佳星环保科技有限公司 一种循环流化床燃烧设备
CN106123019A (zh) * 2016-06-29 2016-11-16 无锡锡能锅炉有限公司 燃气锅炉水冷壁结构
CN109404879A (zh) * 2018-11-23 2019-03-01 北京米能科技有限公司 一种小型直流锅炉及其启动和运行水循环方法
CN109595558A (zh) * 2018-12-05 2019-04-09 南通万达锅炉有限公司 一种脱硝型垃圾焚烧锅炉

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WO2013107083A1 (fr) * 2012-01-17 2013-07-25 清华大学 Chaudière à lit fluidisé circulant de type horizontal comprenant un séparateur cyclone horizontal
CN203099808U (zh) * 2013-01-25 2013-07-31 北京热华能源科技有限公司 一种燃烧烟草废弃物的卧式循环流化床锅炉
CN103836612A (zh) * 2014-02-28 2014-06-04 北京热华能源科技有限公司 一种卧式循环流化床过热蒸汽锅炉

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106123018A (zh) * 2016-06-29 2016-11-16 无锡锡能锅炉有限公司 燃气锅炉异形水冷壁结构
CN107084387B (zh) * 2017-06-12 2022-08-30 清华大学 一种烟气回燃的多流程低NOx卧式循环流化床锅炉
CN107084387A (zh) * 2017-06-12 2017-08-22 清华大学 一种烟气回燃的多流程低NOx卧式循环流化床锅炉
CN109268811A (zh) * 2018-10-12 2019-01-25 扬州正宇锅炉有限公司 一种步进式组合炉排锅炉
CN110220180A (zh) * 2019-04-30 2019-09-10 中国能源建设集团湖南省电力设计院有限公司 一种可使用低热值燃料的流化床锅炉
CN110220180B (zh) * 2019-04-30 2024-02-06 中国能源建设集团湖南省电力设计院有限公司 一种可使用低热值燃料的流化床锅炉
CN110107877A (zh) * 2019-06-05 2019-08-09 福建省东锅节能科技有限公司 燃用生物质能的锅炉及其工作方法
CN110220178A (zh) * 2019-07-10 2019-09-10 哈尔滨红光锅炉总厂有限责任公司 一种生物质直燃节能型循环流化床锅炉汽水循环系统
CN110220178B (zh) * 2019-07-10 2024-04-19 哈尔滨红光锅炉总厂有限责任公司 一种生物质直燃节能型循环流化床锅炉汽水循环系统
CN112283700A (zh) * 2020-09-17 2021-01-29 温岭绿能新能源有限公司 一种循环流化床锅炉输灰渣方法
CN117053185A (zh) * 2023-06-21 2023-11-14 西安交通大学 一种循环流化床锅炉压火调峰的改造系统
CN117053185B (zh) * 2023-06-21 2024-04-09 西安交通大学 一种循环流化床锅炉压火调峰的改造系统
CN117588755A (zh) * 2023-12-27 2024-02-23 中科合肥煤气化技术有限公司 对低热值气化飞灰资源化利用的循环流化床焚烧炉系统及方法

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CN103836612A (zh) 2014-06-04
TWI617773B (zh) 2018-03-11
TW201533392A (zh) 2015-09-01

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