WO2015125194A1 - 送信装置、受信装置、送信方法及び受信方法 - Google Patents
送信装置、受信装置、送信方法及び受信方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015125194A1 WO2015125194A1 PCT/JP2014/005844 JP2014005844W WO2015125194A1 WO 2015125194 A1 WO2015125194 A1 WO 2015125194A1 JP 2014005844 W JP2014005844 W JP 2014005844W WO 2015125194 A1 WO2015125194 A1 WO 2015125194A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
- H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
- H04L27/2626—Arrangements specific to the transmitter only
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
- H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
- H04L27/2647—Arrangements specific to the receiver only
- H04L27/2655—Synchronisation arrangements
- H04L27/2662—Symbol synchronisation
- H04L27/2663—Coarse synchronisation, e.g. by correlation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
- H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
- H04L27/2647—Arrangements specific to the receiver only
- H04L27/2655—Synchronisation arrangements
- H04L27/2668—Details of algorithms
- H04L27/2673—Details of algorithms characterised by synchronisation parameters
- H04L27/2675—Pilot or known symbols
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/02—Standardisation; Integration
- H04L41/0226—Mapping or translating multiple network management protocols
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
- H04L5/0048—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a transmission device, a reception device, a transmission method, and a reception method.
- Analog signal transmission has been conventionally used for radio transmission and the like because the reception signal can be demodulated without using a reference signal or the like on the receiving side, and the configuration of the receiving apparatus is simple.
- An analog signal includes an amplitude modulation (AM) signal that modulates a signal to be transmitted into an amplitude component of a carrier wave.
- AM amplitude modulation
- Analog signal transmission is attracting attention as one of the technologies for configuring future wireless communication because it can be realized with a simple configuration (for example, see Non-Patent Document 1).
- analog signal transmission can be demodulated without using a reference signal or the like. Therefore, it is considered effective for one-transmission-to-multiple-reception broadcast type communication that does not require confidentiality.
- Analog signal transmission has the following characteristics compared to digital signal transmission.
- analog signal transmission can be transmitted with low delay compared to digital signal transmission.
- processing for quantizing the analog information into a digital signal and signal processing such as channel coding and decoding are required. Since analog signal transmission does not require such processing, the delay caused by the processing can be suppressed.
- analog signal transmission has a narrower signal band than digital signal transmission because it is used for transmission of audio signals. Since the signal band for analog signal transmission is narrow, frequency non-selective fading occurs within the band, and the reception level of the entire signal band may be greatly reduced. Such a decrease in reception level is due to the influence of fading (multipath fading) due to the multipath propagation path, and can occur anywhere regardless of the signal transmission time, transmission frequency, and location on the receiving side. When the reception level of the reception signal is reduced on the reception side, the ratio of the noise power to the signal power is increased, so that the transmission characteristics are deteriorated.
- fading multipath fading
- One aspect of the present disclosure is to provide a transmission device, a reception device, a transmission method, and a reception method that can improve transmission characteristics even in a multipath fading environment in analog signal transmission.
- a transmission apparatus is a transmission apparatus that performs timing synchronization using an autocorrelation value of a reception signal and transmits an analog signal to the reception apparatus that performs frequency domain equalization on the reception signal,
- An arrangement unit that discretely arranges frequency components of the analog signal in a transmission band at equal intervals, a preamble signal that is a digital signal in which frequency components are continuously arranged over the entire transmission band, and the analog signal are time-multiplexed.
- a multiplexing unit that generates a transmission signal.
- a reception device in which an analog signal in which frequency components are discretely arranged at equal intervals in a transmission band and a preamble signal that is a digital signal in which frequency components are continuously arranged in the entire transmission band are timed.
- a control unit that performs timing synchronization using an autocorrelation value of the multiplexed reception signal; and a division unit that divides the reception signal into the analog signal and the preamble signal based on a result of the timing synchronization;
- An estimation unit that estimates a channel response using the preamble signal, an arrangement unit that is arranged in a continuous position in the frequency component of the analog signal, and an analog signal in which the frequency component is continuously arranged using the channel response.
- a frequency domain equalization unit that performs frequency domain equalization is employed.
- transmission characteristics can be improved even in a multipath fading environment in analog signal transmission.
- FIG. 1 shows a configuration of a transmission apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 2 shows a configuration of the receiving apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 3 shows a signal waveform of an analog signal according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 4 shows a configuration of a transmission apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 5 shows a configuration of a receiving apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 6 shows a signal waveform of a preamble signal according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 7 shows a frame configuration according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 8 shows a frame configuration according to a variation of the second embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 9 shows a configuration of a transmission apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 10 shows a configuration of a receiving apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present disclosure.
- the communication system includes a transmission device 100 and a reception device 200.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of transmitting apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment.
- a transmitting apparatus 100 includes a sampling unit 101, a time-frequency conversion unit 102, a space-time encoding unit 103, frequency-time conversion units 104-1 and 104-2, and a CP (Cyclic Prefix) addition unit 105-1. , 105-2 and antennas 106-1 and 106-2.
- CP Cyclic Prefix
- the sampling unit 101 receives an analog signal transmitted from the transmission device 100 to the reception device 200.
- the analog signal is, for example, an audio signal, and is an analog waveform signal that is continuous in time.
- the sampling unit 101 performs a sampling process on the input analog signal at regular time intervals, and outputs the sampling signal to the time-frequency conversion unit 102.
- the time-frequency conversion unit 102 accumulates the sampling signals received from the sampling unit 101 until a predetermined number is reached, and converts the time waveform into frequency components for each signal block composed of the predetermined number of sampling signals. As this time-frequency conversion, for example, there is a discrete Fourier transform (DFT). The time-frequency conversion unit 102 outputs the frequency component to the space-time encoding unit 103.
- DFT discrete Fourier transform
- the space-time coding unit 103 applies a space-time block code (STBC: Space Time Block Coding) to the frequency component received from the time-frequency conversion unit 102. Then, the space-time coding unit 103 outputs the obtained signal transmitted from each antenna 106 to the frequency-time conversion unit 104 corresponding to each antenna 106.
- STBC Space Time Block Coding
- the frequency-time conversion unit 104-1 and the CP addition unit 105-1 correspond to the antenna 106-1
- the frequency-time conversion unit 104-2 and the CP addition unit 105-2 correspond to the antenna 106-2.
- the frequency-time conversion units 104-1 and 104-2 convert the frequency components of the signal received from the space-time encoding unit 103 into a time waveform for each signal block.
- This frequency-time conversion for example, there is an inverse discrete Fourier transform (Inverse Discrete Fourier transformation).
- Frequency-time conversion sections 104-1 and 104-2 output time waveform signals for each signal block to CP adding sections 105-1 and 105-2, respectively.
- CP adding sections 105-1 and 105-2 add a CP to the time waveform signal of the signal block received from frequency-time converting sections 104-1 and 104-2.
- the CP adding units 105-1 and 105-2 may add a part of the head of the signal block as a CP to the tail of the signal block.
- the signal to which the CP is added is transmitted via antennas 106-1 and 106-2.
- the signals output from CP adding sections 105-1 and 105-2 are frequency-converted to an RF frequency and transmitted.
- the transmission apparatus 100 applies a space-time coded transmission diversity (STTD) algorithm to an analog signal.
- STTD space-time coded transmission diversity
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of receiving apparatus 200 according to the present embodiment.
- receiving apparatus 200 includes antennas 201-1 and 201-2, CP removing units 202-1 and 202-2, time-frequency converting units 203-1 and 203-2, space-time code decoding unit 204, frequency A time conversion unit 205 and a playback unit 206;
- the signal transmitted from the transmission device 100 is received via the antennas 201-1 and 201-2.
- the received signal is converted from the RF frequency to the baseband and output to the CP removing units 202-1 and 202-2.
- the CP removal unit 202-1 and the time-frequency conversion unit 203-1 correspond to the antenna 201-1
- the CP removal unit 202-2 and the time-frequency conversion unit 203-2 correspond to the antenna 201-2.
- CP removing sections 202-1 and 202-2 remove CPs from received signals received from antennas 201-1 and 201-2.
- CP removing sections 202-1 and 202-2 output signals from which CP has been removed (time waveform signals for each signal block) to time-frequency converting sections 203-1 and 203-2.
- the time-frequency conversion units 203-1 and 203-2 convert the time waveform into frequency components for the signals received from the CP removal units 202-1 and 202-2.
- An example of this time-frequency conversion is DFT.
- the time-frequency conversion units 203-1 and 203-2 output the frequency component to the space-time code decoding unit 204.
- the space-time code decoding unit 204 uses a frequency component received from each of the time-frequency conversion units 203-1 and 203-2 to decode a space-time block code (STBC) for each frequency component (for example, for each subcarrier). I do.
- STBC space-time block code
- the space-time code decoding unit 204 outputs the decoded signal to the frequency-time conversion unit 205.
- the frequency-time conversion unit 205 converts the frequency component of the signal received from the space-time code decoding unit 204 into a time waveform block (discrete time waveform). An example of this frequency-time conversion is IDFT.
- the frequency-time conversion unit 205 outputs the time waveform signal to the reproduction unit 206.
- the reproduction unit 206 reproduces a temporally continuous analog signal using the time waveform signal (discrete time waveform) received from the frequency-time conversion unit 205.
- the reproduction unit 206 may reproduce a discrete signal as a continuous signal by passing a discrete time waveform through an LPF (Low Pass Filter). Thereby, an analog signal continuous in time is obtained.
- LPF Low Pass Filter
- the transmitting apparatus 100 samples the analog signal at regular time intervals, and generates a signal block in which the sampled discrete analog signals are collected for each predetermined number. Then, the transmission device 100 converts the time waveform into frequency components for each signal block, and applies STBC encoding for each frequency component.
- an STBC matrix S used in STBC encoding in two-antenna transmission is expressed as the following equation.
- Sn, f represents the signal of the frequency component f in the nth signal block
- Sn + 1, f represents the signal of the frequency component f in the n + 1th signal block.
- the superscript * indicates a complex conjugate.
- transmitting apparatus 100 transmits ⁇ S n, f , ⁇ S * n + 1, f ⁇ from one antenna 106 and ⁇ S n + from the other antenna 106 in the ⁇ n, n + 1 ⁇ signal block.
- STBC coding is applied to the frequency component f.
- the transmitting apparatus 100 applies STBC encoding to the entire transmission signal by applying STBC encoding for each frequency component f (for example, subcarrier unit).
- the transmission apparatus 100 converts the signal to which STBC encoding is applied for each signal block from the frequency component to the time waveform signal in each of the antennas 106-1 and 106-2, and transmits the signal after adding the CP.
- receiving apparatus 200 removes the CP from the received signals received via antennas 201-1 and 201-2, converts the time waveform signal into a frequency component, and applies STBC decoding to the frequency component.
- the receiving apparatus 200 can obtain a maximum transmission diversity gain because the maximum ratio combined gain of a plurality of transmission paths having different transmission points can be obtained by using the STTD algorithm. Therefore, in the receiving apparatus 200, the signal level does not greatly decrease due to the influence of multipath fading depending on the signal transmission time, the transmission frequency, or the reception position as in the case of applying the SFN described above.
- the transmission device 100 since the STTD algorithm performs a process of exchanging transmission signals in the time direction (see, for example, Expression (1)), the transmission device 100 performs a certain period of time on a temporally continuous signal such as an analog signal. STTD is applied to discrete analog signals obtained by sampling at intervals. In this way, the STTD algorithm can be applied to analog signal transmission.
- signal transmission methods include “serial transmission” that sequentially transmits a sampled time-series signal (sampling signal) as it is and “block transmission” that transmits a predetermined number of sampling signals collectively. Under a multipath fading environment, a method applied to compensate for multipath fading is different for each transmission method.
- block transmission STBC as in the present embodiment, STBC encoding processing and decoding processing and multipath fading equalization processing can be performed for each block on the transmission and reception side. . That is, as in this embodiment, by applying block transmission to an analog signal, batch processing for each block can be performed without sequentially processing the sampling signal. As a result, transmission / reception processing can be easily performed on both the transmission / reception side.
- the case where the number of antennas of the transmission apparatus 100 is two has been described, but the number of antennas of the transmission apparatus 100 is not limited to two and may be three or more. Further, in this embodiment, the case where the number of antennas of the receiving apparatus 200 is two has been described. However, the number of antennas of the receiving apparatus 200 is not limited to two, and may be one or more.
- Non-Patent Document 1 discloses a method of transmitting a signal with a wider bandwidth than the frequency band of the original signal by discretely arranging frequency components (subcarriers) of the transmission signal block at equal intervals in block transmission of the analog signal. Has been. At this time, in order to remove inter-block interference, the transmission side adds a CP to the transmission signal block for transmission, and the reception side performs frequency domain equalization (FDE) as block equalization processing. It is possible to apply.
- FDE frequency domain equalization
- the signal band can be widened, a frequency diversity effect can be obtained.
- the reception level of the entire band may decrease depending on the frequency, but by increasing the signal band, the reception level of all analog signal frequency components decreases. Can be avoided.
- PAPR Peak-to-Average-Power-Ratio
- PAPR Peak-to-Average-Power-Ratio
- PAPR increases in multicarrier transmission using a plurality of frequency components.
- multicarrier transmission using a plurality of frequency components discretely arranged at equal intervals has a feature that the PAPR in the case of original single carrier transmission in which frequency components are not discretely arranged can be maintained.
- PAPR increases, power efficiency decreases because it is necessary to set a high output back-off in order to avoid nonlinear distortion in the amplifier on the transmitting side. For this reason, a low PAPR is required for the transmission signal.
- the frequency components discretely arranged at equal intervals become signals in which the same time waveform is repeated within a certain period in the time domain.
- a synchronization method there is a method of calculating the autocorrelation value of the received signal, detecting the maximum peak of the autocorrelation value, and synchronizing the timing of the signal block.
- a specific method for calculating the autocorrelation includes a method for calculating the sliding correlation of the received signal block.
- Sliding correlation is a calculation method for calculating a correlation value while shifting a signal sequence of a target signal block little by little (for example, one signal at a time).
- Non-Patent Document 1 is not configured to acquire a channel estimation value in the first place, and there is a problem that FDE processing cannot be performed on the receiving side.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a configuration of transmitting apparatus 300 according to the present embodiment.
- the same components as those of the first embodiment (FIG. 1) are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted because it is duplicated.
- arrangement section 301 equally distributes frequency components (narrowband analog signals) received from time-frequency conversion section 102 in a wider band than the frequency band in which the original signal is arranged. A discrete arrangement is made (see, for example, FIG. 3A). Arrangement unit 301 outputs discretely arranged frequency components to frequency-time conversion unit 104.
- the time multiplexing unit 302 time-multiplexes the input preamble signal and the time waveform signal received from the frequency-time conversion unit 104.
- the time multiplexing unit 302 outputs the preamble signal to the CP adding unit 105 during the preamble signal transmission period, and outputs the time waveform signal received from the frequency-time conversion unit 104 to the CP adding unit 105 during the analog signal transmission period. .
- the preamble signal is a digital signal using a data sequence that is predetermined and shared between the transmission device 300 and the reception device 400.
- the preamble signal is a signal that does not repeat the time waveform in the transmission period of the preamble signal.
- the preamble signal is a signal in which frequency components are continuously arranged in the entire transmission band in the frequency domain.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a configuration of receiving apparatus 400 according to the present embodiment.
- the same components as those in the first embodiment (FIG. 2) are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted because it is duplicated.
- the autocorrelation calculation unit 401 calculates the autocorrelation value of the received signal received from the CP removal unit 202. For example, the autocorrelation calculation unit 401 calculates the autocorrelation value by applying sliding correlation to the received signal sequence corresponding to one signal block. The autocorrelation calculation unit 401 outputs the calculated autocorrelation value to the detection unit 402.
- the detecting unit 402 uses the autocorrelation value received from the autocorrelation calculating unit 401 to detect a signal block having a single peak.
- the detection unit 402 outputs the detection result to the timing control unit 403.
- the timing control unit 403 controls the timing of the reception process in the reception device 400 with respect to the time division unit 404 based on the detection result received from the detection unit 402. Specifically, the timing control unit 403 determines a signal block having a single peak as the signal block timing of the preamble signal, and outputs the determination result as control information for the time division unit 404. Thus, the timing control unit 403 uses the autocorrelation value of the received signal to achieve timing synchronization.
- the time division unit 404 divides the received signal into a preamble signal and an analog signal using the control information received from the timing control unit 403 (result of timing synchronization). Specifically, the time division unit 404 outputs the signal received from the CP removal unit 202 to the channel estimation unit 405 as a preamble signal in the section corresponding to the preamble signal block, and corresponds to the analog signal block. Then, the signal received from the CP removal unit 202 is output to the time-frequency conversion unit 203 as an analog signal.
- the channel estimation unit 405 receives the preamble signal and the signal received from the time division unit 404.
- the preamble signal is a signal shared in advance between the transmission device 300 and the reception device 400.
- Channel estimation section 405 estimates the channel response for the signal received from time division section 404 (that is, the received preamble signal) using the preamble signal.
- Channel estimation section 405 outputs the estimated channel estimation value to frequency domain equalization section 407.
- Arrangement unit 406 arranges signals received from time-frequency conversion unit 203 (analog signals in which frequency components are discretely arranged at equal intervals) at consecutive positions in the frequency domain. Arrangement unit 406 outputs a signal in which frequency components are continuously arranged to frequency domain equalization unit 407.
- the frequency domain equalization unit 407 performs frequency domain equalization (FDE) processing on the signal received from the placement unit 406 using the channel estimation value received from the channel estimation unit 405. At this time, the frequency domain equalization unit 407 uses the channel estimation value of the same frequency component as the frequency component to which the analog signal is actually transmitted. Frequency domain equalization section 407 outputs the signal after FDE to frequency-time conversion section 205.
- FDE frequency domain equalization
- Transmitting apparatus 300 uses a preamble signal sequence that is a digital signal to generate a signal block of a preamble signal in which frequency components are continuously arranged as shown in FIG. 6A.
- the preamble signal is a digital signal (IQ signal) in which frequency components having a constant amplitude are continuously arranged in the entire transmission band in the frequency domain.
- the preamble signal is a signal that does not repeat the time waveform in a certain period of the time domain.
- the transmission device 300 and the reception device 400 set in advance a preamble signal sequence of a digital signal that reduces the PAPR even when frequency components are continuously arranged.
- This signal sequence is shared by transmitting apparatus 300 and receiving apparatus 400.
- the sequence that can suppress the PAPR small include a Chu sequence or a Zadoff-Chu sequence.
- the preamble signal is not limited to a Chu sequence or a Zadoff-Chu sequence, but may be a sequence that can suppress PAPR even if frequency components are arranged over the entire transmission band.
- the transmission apparatus 300 time-multiplexes a preamble signal (P) and an analog signal (D), and produces
- the transmitting apparatus 300 adds a preamble signal (see FIG. 6B) that is a digital signal whose time waveform does not repeat within a certain period to an analog signal (see FIG. 3B) that repeats a time waveform within a certain period.
- the transmitter 300 transmits a preamble signal (a digital signal in which frequency components are continuously arranged in the same band as the analog signal band) to an analog signal (see FIG. 3A) in which frequency components are discretely arranged at equal intervals. (See FIG. 6B).
- the receiving device 400 calculates an autocorrelation value by sliding correlation with respect to the time waveform of the received signal, detects a peak, and synchronizes timing. Specifically, receiving apparatus 400 calculates an autocorrelation value by sliding correlation for a received signal sequence corresponding to one transmission block.
- the receiving apparatus 400 determines whether or not there is a single peak that appears in one signal block with respect to the calculated autocorrelation value. When there is a single peak in the signal block, receiving apparatus 400 detects the sample position of the peak and performs timing synchronization with the received signal. The receiving apparatus 400 determines that the signal block that has been determined to have a single peak is the signal block in which the preamble signal is transmitted, and synchronizes the timing of the transmission frame.
- a threshold value may be set in advance for the maximum power in the signal block.
- the receiving apparatus 400 uses the signal block as a block having a single peak, that is, a signal to which a preamble signal is transmitted. Judge as a block.
- the receiving apparatus 400 defines the signal block as a signal block having a plurality of peaks (a signal block in which an analog signal is transmitted). judge.
- the peak as shown in FIG. 3C is not erroneously detected, and accurate timing synchronization can be achieved.
- receiving apparatus 400 performs timing synchronization using a preamble signal that is a digital signal with a single autocorrelation value peak in a signal block.
- a preamble signal that is a digital signal with a single autocorrelation value peak in a signal block.
- the preamble signal a signal that does not repeat in the time waveform and has frequency components arranged continuously is used.
- the receiving apparatus 400 can accurately obtain timing synchronization even when receiving an analog signal in which frequency components are discretely arranged at equal intervals.
- an arbitrary multicarrier signal in which frequency components are continuously arranged tends to have a large PAPR.
- a sequence in which the PAPR becomes small is determined in advance as the preamble signal. Therefore, the transmission device 300 and the reception device 400 use the sequence to continuously reduce the frequency component with the PAPR suppressed.
- the arranged signal can be used as a preamble signal.
- the receiving apparatus 400 estimates a channel response for the received preamble signal using a preamble signal sequence shared between the transmitting apparatus 300 and the receiving apparatus 400.
- the preamble signal received by receiving apparatus 400 is obtained by multiplying the preamble signal transmitted from transmitting apparatus 300 by the channel response between transmitting apparatus 300 and receiving apparatus 400. Therefore, receiving apparatus 400 can estimate the channel response multiplied by the received preamble signal by dividing the received preamble signal by the symbol point of the preamble signal used for transmission in transmitting apparatus 300. it can.
- receiving apparatus 400 uses a preamble signal that is a digital signal when estimating a channel estimation value.
- a channel estimation value including an amplitude component and a phase component can be detected, so that channel estimation accuracy is improved. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, receiving apparatus 400 can accurately perform FDE processing on an analog signal.
- the frequency diversity effect can be obtained by performing the FDE processing with high accuracy, so that the transmission characteristics can be improved even in a multipath fading environment in analog signal transmission.
- Embodiment 2 when the transmission device 300 discretely arranges the frequency components of the analog signal at equal intervals, the arrangement of the frequency components is shifted for each of a plurality of users or a plurality of antennas. Different analog signals for each user or multiple antennas may be multiplexed.
- FIG. 8 shows a preamble signal at the time of N antenna transmission (N is an integer of 2 or more).
- a preamble signal multiplexing method as shown in FIG. 8, for example, there is a method of applying a cyclic delay using a predetermined delay amount to a preamble signal which is a digital signal.
- the cyclic delay is a sequence in which preamble signals are arranged in time series, and the entire sequence is delayed backward by a predetermined number (delay amount) of symbols, and a predetermined number (delay amount) of symbols behind the sequence is sequenced. It is a method of moving (circulating) to the head of the.
- time multiplexing or code multiplexing can be used as a method for multiplexing a preamble signal which is a digital signal.
- time multiplexing by assigning individual times, for example, transmission blocks, to a plurality of antennas or a plurality of users, it is possible to individually estimate the channel response of each antenna or user on the receiving side.
- code multiplexing by assigning individual codes to a plurality of antennas or a plurality of users, it is possible to individually estimate channel responses of the antennas or users on the receiving side.
- frequency multiplexing can also be used as a preamble signal multiplexing method.
- a signal in which frequency components are discretely arranged at equal intervals is a signal having a repeated time waveform. Therefore, frequency multiplexing is performed by assigning preamble signals that are discretely arranged at different positions to a plurality of antennas or a plurality of users, using signals that are discretely arranged at intervals that are not equal in frequency components as preamble signals. realizable.
- the receiving side can individually estimate each channel response for a plurality of antennas or a plurality of users.
- the present embodiment is a combination of the first embodiment and the second embodiment. That is, in the present embodiment, the STTD algorithm for each block is applied to the analog signal as in the first embodiment, and the frequency components of the analog signal are discretely spaced at the same intervals as in the second embodiment. A preamble signal, which is a digital signal with no repetition in the time waveform, is added.
- FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing a configuration of transmitting apparatus 500 according to the present embodiment.
- the same components as those in the first embodiment (FIG. 1) and the second embodiment (FIG. 4) are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted because it is duplicated.
- transmission apparatus 500 shown in FIG. 9 two arrangement sections 301, frequency-time conversion sections 104, time multiplexing sections 302, and CP addition sections 105 are provided corresponding to antennas 106-1 and 106-2, respectively. It is done.
- Arrangement units 301-1 and 301-2 use frequency components of signals (analog signals) transmitted from antennas 106-1 and 106-2 generated by space-time coding unit 103 as original signals. Are discretely arranged at equal intervals in a wider band (within the transmission band) than the frequency band in which is arranged.
- time multiplexing sections 302-1 and 302-2 each include a signal (analog signal) transmitted from each of antennas 106-1 and 106-2, and a preamble signal that is a digital signal that does not repeat in the time waveform. Time multiplexed.
- FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing a configuration of receiving apparatus 600 according to the present embodiment.
- the same components as those in the first embodiment (FIG. 2) and the second embodiment (FIG. 5) are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted because it is duplicated.
- CP removal section 202, time division section 404, time-frequency conversion section 203, arrangement section 406, and frequency domain equalization section 407 correspond to antennas 201-1 and 201-2, respectively. Two are provided.
- the autocorrelation calculation unit 401, the detection unit 402, and the timing control unit 403 calculate an autocorrelation value using the preamble signal received from the CP removal unit 202-1 or the CP removal unit 202-2, and calculate the calculated autocorrelation value.
- the timing is synchronized by detecting the peak.
- the time division units 404-1 and 404-2 divide the reception signals received by the antennas 201-1 and 201-2 into preamble signals and analog signals based on the control information received from the timing control unit 403.
- Channel estimation sections 405-1 and 405-2 use the preamble signal to estimate the channel response for the received signals received by antennas 201-1 and 201-2.
- Arrangement units 406-1 and 406-2 arrange reception signals (analog signals in which frequency components are discretely arranged at equal intervals) received by antennas 201-1 and 201-2 at consecutive positions in the frequency domain.
- Frequency domain equalization sections 407-1 and 407-2 use the channel estimation values received from channel estimation sections 405-1 and 405-2, and perform frequency domain processing on the signals received from arrangement sections 406-1 and 406-2. Perform equalization processing.
- space-time code decoding section 204 performs space-time block code (STBC) decoding processing for each frequency component, using the frequency components after FDE received from frequency domain equalization sections 407-1 and 407-2, respectively. .
- STBC space-time block code
- transmitting apparatus 500 applies the STTD algorithm to an analog signal in which frequency components are discretely arranged at equal intervals, so that the frequency components of the signals of antennas 106 are equally spaced. Are arranged in a discrete manner. Furthermore, the transmission apparatus 500 time-multiplexes a preamble signal, which is a digital signal with no repetition in the time waveform, with respect to the analog signal, and transmits it with a CP. Further, receiving apparatus 600 performs FDE processing on the received signal received by each antenna 201 using a channel estimation value calculated using a preamble signal, and performs STBC decoding using the signal after FDE processing.
- a preamble signal which is a digital signal with no repetition in the time waveform
- timing synchronization on the reception side can be performed with high accuracy, and channel estimation values having amplitude and phase components can be used for FDE processing on the reception side.
- STTD demodulation processing can be performed with high accuracy.
- each functional block used in the description of each of the above embodiments is typically realized as an LSI which is an integrated circuit. These may be individually made into one chip, or may be made into one chip so as to include a part or all of them.
- the name used here is LSI, but it may also be called IC, system LSI, super LSI, or ultra LSI depending on the degree of integration.
- the method of circuit integration is not limited to LSI, and implementation with a dedicated circuit or a general-purpose processor is also possible.
- An FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
- a reconfigurable processor that can reconfigure the connection or setting of circuit cells inside the LSI may be used.
- the transmission device is a transmission device that performs timing synchronization using an autocorrelation value of a received signal and transmits an analog signal to a receiving device that performs frequency domain equalization on the received signal,
- An arrangement unit that discretely arranges frequency components of an analog signal in a transmission band at equal intervals, a preamble signal that is a digital signal in which frequency components are continuously arranged over the entire transmission band, and the analog signal are time-multiplexed and transmitted
- a multiplexing unit that generates a signal.
- the analog signal is a signal whose time waveform is repeated within a certain period
- the preamble signal is a signal which does not repeat the time waveform during the certain period.
- the preamble signal is a Chu sequence or a Zadff-Chu sequence.
- the preamble signal is shared between the transmitting apparatus and the receiving apparatus.
- the transmission device encoding that performs space-time block coding on a plurality of antennas and a signal block in which the analog signals are collected for each predetermined number, and generates a signal transmitted from each of the plurality of antennas.
- the arrangement unit discretely arranges frequency components of signals transmitted from the plurality of antennas at equal intervals in the transmission band, and the multiplexing unit includes the plurality of units.
- Each of the signals transmitted from the antennas is time-multiplexed with the preamble signal.
- an analog signal in which frequency components are discretely arranged at equal intervals in a transmission band and a preamble signal that is a digital signal in which frequency components are continuously arranged in the entire transmission band are time-multiplexed.
- a control unit that performs timing synchronization using an autocorrelation value of the reception signal, a division unit that divides the reception signal into the analog signal and the preamble signal based on a result of the timing synchronization, and the preamble signal
- An estimation unit that estimates a channel response using a frequency, an arrangement unit that is arranged in a continuous position in the frequency component of the analog signal, and a frequency for an analog signal in which the frequency component is continuously arranged using the channel response
- a frequency domain equalization unit that performs region equalization is employed.
- a transmission method is a transmission method for transmitting an analog signal to a reception apparatus that performs timing synchronization using an autocorrelation value of a reception signal and performs frequency domain equalization on the reception signal.
- Frequency components are discretely arranged in the transmission band at equal intervals, and a preamble signal, which is a digital signal in which frequency components are continuously arranged in the entire transmission band, and the analog signal are time-multiplexed to generate a transmission signal.
- the reception method of the present disclosure is a reception in which an analog signal in which frequency components are discretely arranged at equal intervals in a transmission band and a preamble signal that is a digital signal in which frequency components are continuously arranged in the entire transmission band are multiplexed. Timing synchronization is performed using the autocorrelation value of the signal, and based on the timing synchronization result, the received signal is divided into the analog signal and the preamble signal, and the channel response is estimated using the preamble signal. And it arrange
- This disclosure is useful for mobile communication systems.
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Abstract
Description
アナログ信号伝送は、受信側において参照信号などを用いないで受信信号を復調でき、受信装置の構成が簡易であることなどから、従来ではラジオ伝送などに用いられてきた。アナログ信号には、伝送する信号を搬送波の振幅成分に変調する振幅変調(AM:Amplitude Modulation)信号などがある。
[送信ダイバーシチ技術]
伝送特性を改善する技術の1つに、送信ダイバーシチ技術がある。ただし、上述したように、アナログ信号伝送では、アナログ信号そのものに複雑な信号処理を適用しにくい。そこで、アナログ信号伝送に送信ダイバーシチ技術を適用する場合、例えば、複数のアンテナから同じ信号を送信するSFN(Single Frequency Network)を適用することが考えられる。
図1は、本実施の形態に係る送信装置100の構成を示すブロック図である。図1において、送信装置100は、サンプリング部101、時間-周波数変換部102、時空間符号化部103、周波数-時間変換部104-1、104-2、CP(Cyclic Prefix)付加部105-1、105-2、及び、アンテナ106-1、106-2を有する。
図2は、本実施の形態に係る受信装置200の構成を示すブロック図である。図2において、受信装置200は、アンテナ201-1、201-2、CP除去部202-1、202-2、時間-周波数変換部203-1、203-2、時空間符号復号部204、周波数-時間変換205、及び、再生部206を有する。
以上の構成を有する送信装置100及び受信装置200の動作について説明する。
本実施の形態では、送信ダイバーシチ技術として、周波数ダイバーシチ送信を用いる場合について説明する。
なお、本実施の形態において、送信装置300がアナログ信号の周波数成分を等間隔に離散配置する際、複数のユーザ又は複数のアンテナ毎に、周波数成分の配置位置をずらして配置することにより、複数のユーザ又は複数のアンテナ毎の異なるアナログ信号を多重してもよい。
本実施の形態は、実施の形態1と実施の形態2との組み合わせである。すなわち、本実施の形態では、実施の形態1と同様にしてアナログ信号に対してブロック毎のSTTDアルゴリズムを適用し、かつ、実施の形態2と同様にしてアナログ信号の周波数成分を等間隔に離散配置し、時間波形に繰り返しが無いデジタル信号であるプリアンブル信号を付加する。
上記各実施の形態では、本開示をハードウェアで構成する場合を例にとって説明したが、本開示はハードウェアとの連携においてソフトウェアでも実現することも可能である。
200,400,600 受信装置
101 サンプリング部
102,203 時間-周波数変換部
103 時空間符号化部
104,205 周波数-時間変換部
105 CP付加部
106,201 アンテナ
202 CP除去部
204 時空間符号復号部
206 再生部
301,406 配置部
302 時間多重部
401 自己相関算出部
402 検出部
403 タイミング制御部
404 時間分割部
405 チャネル推定部
407 周波数領域等化部
Claims (8)
- 受信信号の自己相関値を用いてタイミング同期をとり、前記受信信号に対して周波数領域等化を行う受信装置へアナログ信号を送信する送信装置であって、
前記アナログ信号の周波数成分を送信帯域内に等間隔に離散配置する配置部と、
前記送信帯域全体に周波数成分が連続配置されたデジタル信号であるプリアンブル信号と、前記アナログ信号とを時間多重して送信信号を生成する多重部と、
を具備する送信装置。 - 前記送信信号において、前記アナログ信号は、一定期間内に時間波形が繰り返される信号であり、前記プリアンブル信号は、前記一定期間において時間波形の繰り返しが無い信号である、
請求項1に記載の送信装置。 - 前記プリアンブル信号は、Chu系列又はZadff-Chu系列である、
請求項1に記載の送信装置。 - 前記プリアンブル信号は、前記送信装置と前記受信装置との間で共有される、
請求項1に記載の送信装置。 - 複数のアンテナと、
前記アナログ信号を所定数毎にまとめた信号ブロックに対して時空間ブロック符号化を行い、前記複数のアンテナからそれぞれ送信される信号を生成する符号化部と、を更に具備し、
前記配置部は、前記複数のアンテナからそれぞれ送信される信号の周波数成分の各々を、前記送信帯域内に等間隔に離散配置し、
前記多重部は、前記複数のアンテナからそれぞれ送信される信号の各々と、前記プリアンブル信号とを時間多重する、
請求項1に記載の送信装置。 - 周波数成分を送信帯域内に等間隔に離散配置されたアナログ信号と、前記送信帯域全体に周波数成分が連続配置されたデジタル信号であるプリアンブル信号と、が時間多重された受信信号の自己相関値を用いて、タイミング同期をとる制御部と、
前記タイミング同期の結果に基づいて、前記受信信号を、前記アナログ信号と前記プリアンブル信号とに分割する分割部と、
前記プリアンブル信号を用いてチャネル応答を推定する推定部と、
前記アナログ信号の周波数成分において連続する位置に配置する配置部と、
前記チャネル応答を用いて、前記周波数成分が連続配置されたアナログ信号に対して周波数領域等化を行う周波数領域等化部と、
を具備する受信装置。 - 受信信号の自己相関値を用いてタイミング同期をとり、前記受信信号に対して周波数領域等化を行う受信装置へアナログ信号を送信する送信方法であって、
前記アナログ信号の周波数成分を送信帯域内に等間隔に離散配置し、
前記送信帯域全体に周波数成分が連続配置されたデジタル信号であるプリアンブル信号と、前記アナログ信号とを時間多重して送信信号を生成する、
送信方法。 - 周波数成分を送信帯域内に等間隔に離散配置されたアナログ信号と、前記送信帯域全体に周波数成分が連続配置されたデジタル信号であるプリアンブル信号と、が多重された受信信号の自己相関値を用いて、タイミング同期をとり、
前記タイミング同期の結果に基づいて、前記受信信号を、前記アナログ信号と前記プリアンブル信号とに分割し、
前記プリアンブル信号を用いてチャネル応答を推定し、
前記アナログ信号の周波数成分において連続する位置に配置し、
前記チャネル応答を用いて、前記周波数成分が連続配置されたアナログ信号に対して周波数領域等化を行う、
受信方法。
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