WO2015120683A1 - 单自由度磁力隔振装置 - Google Patents
单自由度磁力隔振装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015120683A1 WO2015120683A1 PCT/CN2014/080357 CN2014080357W WO2015120683A1 WO 2015120683 A1 WO2015120683 A1 WO 2015120683A1 CN 2014080357 W CN2014080357 W CN 2014080357W WO 2015120683 A1 WO2015120683 A1 WO 2015120683A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- permanent magnet
- annular permanent
- lower annular
- connecting rod
- central
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F6/00—Magnetic springs; Fluid magnetic springs, i.e. magnetic spring combined with a fluid
- F16F6/005—Magnetic springs; Fluid magnetic springs, i.e. magnetic spring combined with a fluid using permanent magnets only
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F2222/00—Special physical effects, e.g. nature of damping effects
- F16F2222/06—Magnetic or electromagnetic
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F2228/00—Functional characteristics, e.g. variability, frequency-dependence
- F16F2228/06—Stiffness
- F16F2228/063—Negative stiffness
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F2232/00—Nature of movement
- F16F2232/08—Linear
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F6/00—Magnetic springs; Fluid magnetic springs, i.e. magnetic spring combined with a fluid
Definitions
- the invention belongs to a vibration isolating device, and particularly relates to a single degree of freedom magnetic vibration isolating device, which can be used to improve the performance of a passive vibration isolating system.
- the vibration isolation device can isolate the influence of ground and environmental vibration on precision equipment, and provide a "quiet" working environment for vibration-sensitive equipment to ensure the normal operation of precision equipment.
- the traditional passive vibration isolation structure is generally a rigid coil spring or an air spring. As a rigid component, they cannot attenuate the vibration at the natural frequency of the vibration isolation system. When the external excitation frequency is equal to the natural frequency of the vibration isolation system, the vibration isolation system resonates. , so that the vibration amplitude of the load is amplified, causing the equipment to not work properly or even the adverse effects of damage.
- the additional damper can reduce the amplitude amplification at the natural frequency of the vibration isolation system, but it will deteriorate the high frequency attenuation performance of the vibration isolation system. Therefore, the general passive vibration isolator can only balance the transfer rate and the high frequency transmission rate at the natural frequency by selecting the optimum damping value. The performance of passive vibration isolation systems often does not meet the requirements of precision vibration isolation.
- U.S. Patent No. 5,844,664 discloses a damper system including an air spring, a pendulum mechanism, and a voice coil motor.
- the sensor in the damper system detects and transmits a vibration signal to the controller, which is calculated by the controller.
- the control command is sent to the voice coil motor, and the voice coil motor outputs the force according to the control command. Because it is the output force realized by the control algorithm, the output force is only attenuated for the vibration near the fixed frequency, and does not affect the attenuation performance of the high frequency.
- the active vibration isolation performance of the vibration damping system meets the requirements, the structure is complicated, energy needs to be supplied, reliability is not as good as passive vibration isolation system, and the cost is huge.
- the permanent magnet material has a wide hysteresis loop, high coercivity, high remanence, and can be kept constant after magnetization.
- a magnetically determinable material also known as a hard magnetic material.
- the permanent magnet material has high maximum magnetic energy product, high coercive force, high residual magnetic flux density, high residual magnetization and high stability, and is widely used in various actuators such as motors, valves, horns, and steering gears. , aviation equipment and other occasions.
- the permanent magnet material has the following advantages compared with the electromagnet: The permanent magnet material does not need to supply energy, the structure is very simple, the maintenance is simple, the cost is low, and the user is more acceptable.
- the permanent magnet material has a high residual magnetic flux density, and a large magnetic force can be generated in a small volume, and the electromagnet is limited by the power limitation of the driver, and at a large current, the electromagnet generates a large heat, so it takes a long time. It is not advisable to use an electromagnet in the magnetic mechanism of the output force. Therefore, permanent magnet materials have great application potential in precision machinery.
- the invention provides a kind of single-degree-of-freedom magnetic vibration isolation device, which solves the problems that the existing active and passive combined vibration damping system has complex structure, needs energy supply and low reliability, and can be effectively improved by paralleling with the traditional passive vibration isolation system.
- the performance of passive vibration isolation systems The invention provides a single-degree-of-freedom magnetic vibration isolation device, which comprises a base, an upper annular permanent magnet, a lower annular permanent magnet, a connecting rod and a central permanent magnet, and is characterized in that:
- a metal conductor tube is connected to the upper surface of the base, the metal conductor tube is a hollow metal cylinder, and the base closes the lower end surface of the metal conductor tube;
- the upper annular permanent magnet and the lower annular permanent magnet have the same shape, each of which is a hollow circular ring; the upper annular permanent magnet and the lower annular permanent magnet are respectively embedded in the upper annular bushing and the lower annular bushing, and the upper annular bushing And a lower annular bushing respectively connected to the upper end and the lower end of the inner wall of the metal conductor barrel such that the upper annular permanent magnet, the lower annular permanent magnet and the metal conductor cylinder are axially concentric, and the upper annular permanent magnet and The polarities of the opposing magnetic poles of the lower annular permanent magnets are opposite;
- the axis of the connecting rod is coaxial with the central axis of the metal conductor barrel, the central permanent magnet is a hollow ring, concentrically sleeved on the connecting rod and fixed; the upper end of the connecting rod passes through the upper ring a central hole of the permanent magnet, the central permanent magnet being located between the upper annular permanent magnet and the lower annular permanent magnet, capable of axially moving between the upper annular permanent magnet and the lower annular permanent magnet together with the connecting rod;
- the polarities of the opposing magnetic poles of the magnet and the upper annular permanent magnet are opposite, and the polarities of the opposing magnetic poles of the central permanent magnet and the lower annular permanent magnet are opposite.
- the single-degree-of-freedom magnetic vibration isolation device is characterized by:
- An inner wall of the metal conductor barrel has an internal thread, and an outer side surface of the upper annular bushing and an outer side surface of the lower annular bushing respectively have external threads, so that the upper annular bushing and the lower annular bushing are respectively screwed to the metal
- the upper and lower ends of the inner wall of the conductor barrel 1.
- the single-degree-of-freedom magnetic vibration isolation device is characterized by:
- the base, the connecting rod, the upper annular bushing and the lower annular bushing are made of a non-magnetic material; the metal conductor tube is made of a metal material with high electrical conductivity.
- the second single-degree-of-freedom magnetic vibration isolation device provided by the invention comprises a base, an upper annular permanent magnet, a lower annular permanent magnet, a connecting rod and a central permanent magnet, and is characterized in that:
- the upper surface of the base is connected to the mounting cylinder, the mounting cylinder is a hollow cylinder, and the base closes the lower end surface of the mounting cylinder;
- the upper annular permanent magnet and the lower annular permanent magnet have the same shape, each of which is a hollow circular ring; the upper annular permanent magnet and the lower annular permanent magnet are respectively embedded in the upper annular bushing and the lower annular bushing, and the upper annular bushing And a lower annular bushing respectively connected to the upper end and the lower end of the inner wall of the mounting cylinder such that the upper annular permanent magnet, the lower annular permanent magnet and the mounting cylinder are concentric in the axial direction, and the upper annular permanent magnet and the lower annular ring
- the opposite poles of the permanent magnets have opposite polarities;
- the upper conductor plate and the lower conductor plate have the same shape, and are all circular plates having a central threaded hole, and the outer diameter of the circular plate is smaller than the inner diameter of the mounting cylinder to slide in the inner hole of the mounting cylinder;
- the axis of the connecting rod is coaxial with the central axis of the mounting cylinder, and the central permanent magnet is empty a ring of hearts, concentrically fitted to the shaft of the connecting rod and fixed; the upper end and the lower end of the connecting rod respectively pass through the central hole of the upper annular permanent magnet and the lower annular permanent magnet, and pass through the upper annular permanent magnet;
- the upper end of the connecting rod of the center hole has an external thread and is screwed with the central threaded hole of the upper conductor plate;
- the lower end of the connecting rod passing through the center hole of the lower annular permanent magnet has an external thread and is threaded with the center threaded hole of the lower conductor plate connection;
- the central permanent magnet is located between the upper annular permanent magnet and the lower annular permanent magnet, and is axially movable between the upper annular permanent magnet and the lower annular permanent magnet together with the connecting rod; the central permanent magnet and the upper annular permanent magnet
- the polarities of the opposing magnetic poles are opposite, and the polarities of the opposing magnetic poles of the central permanent magnet and the lower annular permanent magnet are opposite.
- the single-degree-of-freedom magnetic vibration isolation device is characterized by:
- the inner wall of the mounting cylinder has an internal thread, and the outer side surface of the upper annular bushing and the outer side surface of the lower annular bushing respectively have external threads, so that the upper annular bushing and the lower annular bushing are respectively screwed to the mounting cylinder The upper and lower ends of the inner wall.
- the single-degree-of-freedom magnetic vibration isolation device is characterized by:
- the base, the connecting rod, the upper annular bushing and the lower annular bushing are made of a non-magnetic material;
- the mounting cylinder is made of a non-metallic material;
- the upper conductor plate and the lower conductor plate are made of a metal having high conductivity Made of materials.
- the invention has the advantages of simple structure, no need of energy supply and high reliability, and can generate static magnetic force and dynamic magnetic force, and the static magnetic force is realized by the permanent magnet mutual attraction, and the dynamic magnetic force is generated by the relative movement of the metal conductor tube and the permanent magnet to generate eddy current damping;
- the magnitude of the static magnetic force is only related to the displacement.
- the magnetic force also exists, which can be regarded as a kind of stiffness force.
- the eddy current damping is only related to the relative motion speed, and exists only when the magnetic mechanism moves, and can be regarded as A viscous damping force.
- the invention is connected in parallel with a passive vibration isolation system such as a rigid coil spring, an air spring, etc., without affecting the vibration isolation system
- the high-frequency attenuation performance reduces the amplitude amplification at the natural frequency, which can effectively improve the passive vibration isolation performance of the original system.
- Embodiment 1 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- Embodiment 2 is an application schematic diagram of Embodiment 1;
- Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the effect of the system shown in Figure 2;
- FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a third embodiment of the present invention.
- a first embodiment of the present invention includes a metal conductor barrel 1, a base 2, an upper annular permanent magnet 3a, a lower annular permanent magnet 3b, a connecting rod 5 and a central permanent magnet 6;
- the upper surface of the base 2 is connected to the metal conductor tube 1.
- the metal conductor tube 1 is a hollow metal cylinder, and the base 2 closes the lower end surface of the metal conductor tube 1;
- the upper annular permanent magnet 3a and the lower annular permanent magnet 3b are identical in shape, each being a hollow annular ring; the upper annular permanent magnet 3a and the lower annular permanent magnet 3b are respectively embedded in the upper annular bushing 4a and the lower annular bushing 4b Inner, upper annular bushing 4a and lower annular bushing 4b are respectively connected to upper and lower ends of the inner wall of the metal conductor cylinder 1, such that the upper annular permanent magnet 3a, the lower annular permanent magnet 3b and the metal conductor cylinder 1 are The axes are concentric, and the polarities of the opposing magnetic poles of the upper annular permanent magnet 3a and the lower annular permanent magnet 3b are opposite, respectively, N pole and S pole ⁇ '
- the axis of the connecting rod 5 is coaxial with the central axis of the metal conductor tube 1.
- the central permanent magnet 6 is a hollow ring, concentrically sleeved on the connecting rod 5 and fixed; the upper end of the connecting rod 5 passes through a central hole of the upper annular permanent magnet 3a, the central permanent magnet 6 being located between the upper annular permanent magnet 3a and the lower annular permanent magnet 3b, together with the connecting rod 5 in the upper annular permanent magnet 3a and
- the axial movement between the lower annular permanent magnets 3b; the polarities of the opposing magnetic poles of the central permanent magnet 6 and the upper annular permanent magnet 3a are opposite, respectively S and N; the central permanent magnet 6 and the lower annular permanent magnet 3b are opposite to each other The opposite polarity is N and S poles.
- the base 2, the connecting rod 5, the upper annular bushing 4a and the lower annular bushing 4b are made of a polymer composite material such as polyurethane or plexiglass; the metal conductor cylinder 1 is electrically conductive. Made of high-quality metal copper.
- the central permanent magnet 6 is simultaneously attracted by the magnetic force of the upper annular permanent magnet 3a and the lower annular permanent magnet 3b.
- the center permanent magnet 6 is located just in the middle of the upper annular permanent magnet 3a and the lower annular permanent magnet 3b, the upper and lower magnetic attraction forces are the same in magnitude and opposite in direction, and the central permanent magnet 6 is subjected to force balance.
- the center permanent magnet 6 is biased to the upper annular permanent magnet 3a or the lower annular permanent magnet 3b on one side, the upper annular permanent magnet 3a or the lower annular permanent magnet 3b on this side attracts the central permanent magnet 6.
- This displacement-dependent static magnetism can be seen as a negative stiffness.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the application of the first embodiment.
- the load 10 is supported by a passive spring element 9 for isolating the vibration of the foundation 11 from being transmitted to the load 10.
- the single-degree-of-freedom magnetic vibration isolating device 12 of the first embodiment is connected in parallel with the passive spring element 9, wherein the connecting rod 5 of the first embodiment is connected to the load 10, and the base 2 is connected to the foundation 11.
- the central permanent magnet 6 is located just in the middle of the upper annular permanent magnet 3a and the lower annular permanent magnet 3b.
- the central permanent magnet 6 is subjected to a force of zero, and does not change the equilibrium position of the passive vibration isolation system.
- the passive spring element 9 is in a stretched state, creating a downward spring force.
- the intermediate permanent magnet 6 will be close to the upper ring.
- the magnet 3a is subjected to the resultant force of the upper annular permanent magnet 3a and the lower annular permanent magnet 3b upward, counteracting a part of the passive spring element 9 to generate a downward spring force.
- the passive spring element 9 is under pressure In the contracted state, an upward spring force is generated.
- the intermediate permanent magnet 6 is adjacent to the lower annular permanent magnet 3b, and is subjected to the upper annular permanent magnet 3a and the lower annular permanent magnet 3b.
- the resultant force is downward, offsetting a portion of the passive spring element 9 to produce an upward spring force.
- the spring force experienced by the load 10 is reduced, that is, the stiffness of the vibration isolation system is reduced.
- Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the effect of the system shown in Figure 2.
- the vertical axis is the system's transfer rate and the horizontal axis is the frequency.
- Conventional passive vibration isolation systems can effectively isolate ground vibrations in the high frequency range, but there is a large amplitude amplification at the natural frequency.
- the transmission rate at the natural frequency is greatly reduced, and the high frequency performance is not deteriorated.
- the magnitude of the static magnetic force mainly affects the peak frequency of the system. Excessive static magnetic force will make the peak frequency of the system too small or even close to OHz, which makes the system lose stability.
- the dynamic magnetic force is determined by the magnetic field strength and size of the intermediate permanent magnet 6 and the size and conductivity of the metal conductor tube 1, which mainly affects the magnitude of the peak value of the system. The larger the dynamic magnetic force, the smaller the amplitude of the system peak, and the user needs to The magnitude of the dynamic magnetic force is designed for the resonance peak requirement.
- the second embodiment of the present invention has the same structural composition as that of the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the difference is only that: the inner wall of the metal conductor cylinder 1 has an internal thread, and the outer side surface and the lower ring of the upper annular bushing 4a The outer sides of the bushings 4b are respectively externally threaded so that the upper annular bushing 4a and the lower annular bushing 4b are screwed to the upper and lower ends of the inner wall of the metal conductor cylinder 1, respectively.
- the second embodiment has an advantage in that the upper annular permanent magnet 3a and the upper annular permanent magnet 3a can be adjusted by changing the fitting positions of the upper annular bushing 4a and the lower annular bushing 4b at the upper end and the lower end of the inner wall of the metal conductor cylinder 1.
- the distance between the lower annular permanent magnets 3b changes the negative stiffness value to avoid the system losing stability because the negative stiffness value exceeds the positive stiffness value of the passive vibration isolation system. Sex.
- a third embodiment of the present invention includes a base 2, an upper annular permanent magnet 3a, a lower annular permanent magnet 3b, a connecting rod 5 and a central permanent magnet 6;
- the upper surface of the base 2 is connected to the mounting cylinder 8, and the mounting cylinder 8 is a hollow cylinder, and the base 2 closes the lower end surface of the mounting cylinder 8;
- the upper annular permanent magnet 3a and the lower annular permanent magnet 3b are identical in shape, each being a hollow annular ring; the upper annular permanent magnet 3a and the lower annular permanent magnet 3b are respectively embedded in the upper annular bushing 4a and the lower annular bushing 4b Inner, upper annular bushing 4a and lower annular bushing 4b are respectively connected to upper and lower ends of the inner wall of the mounting cylinder 8, such that the upper annular permanent magnet 3a, the lower annular permanent magnet 3b and the mounting cylinder 8 are axially Concentric, and the polarities of the opposing magnetic poles of the upper annular permanent magnet 3a and the lower annular permanent magnet 3b are opposite;
- the inner wall of the mounting cylinder 8 has an internal thread, and the outer side surface of the upper annular bushing 4a and the outer side surface of the lower annular bushing 4b have external threads, respectively, so that the upper annular bushing 4a and the lower annular bushing 4b are respectively screwed.
- the upper conductor plate 7a and the lower conductor plate 7b are identical in shape, and each is a circular plate having a central threaded hole, and the outer diameter of the circular plate is smaller than the inner diameter of the mounting cylinder 8 so as to slide in the inner hole of the mounting cylinder 8;
- the axis of the rod 5 is coaxial with the central axis of the mounting barrel 8
- the central permanent magnet 6 is a hollow ring that is concentrically fitted to the shaft of the connecting rod 5 and fixed; the upper end and the lower end of the connecting rod 5 are respectively Through the central hole of the upper annular permanent magnet 3a and the lower annular permanent magnet 3b, the upper end of the connecting rod 5 passing through the central hole of the upper annular permanent magnet 3a has an external thread and is threaded with the central threaded hole of the upper conductor plate 7a.
- Connecting; the lower end of the connecting rod 5 passing through the central hole of the lower annular permanent magnet 3b has an external thread and is screwed with the central threaded hole of the
- the central permanent magnet 6 is located between the upper annular permanent magnet 3a and the lower annular permanent magnet 3b, and is axially movable between the upper annular permanent magnet 3a and the lower annular permanent magnet 3b together with the connecting rod 5;
- the polarities of the opposing magnetic poles of the magnet 6 and the upper annular permanent magnet 3a are opposite, and the polarities of the opposing magnetic poles of the central permanent magnet 6 and the lower annular permanent magnet 3b are opposite.
- the base 2, the connecting rod 5, the upper annular bushing 4a and the lower annular bushing 4b are made of a polymer composite material such as polyurethane or plexiglass; in order not to affect the size of the eddy current damping, the mounting cylinder 8 is made of a polymer composite material such as polyurethane or plexiglass; the upper conductor plate 7a and the lower conductor plate 7b are made of metal copper having high electrical conductivity.
- the relative movement between the central permanent magnet and the metal conductor cylinder is changed to the relative movement between the upper annular permanent magnet 3a and the lower annular permanent magnet 3b and the upper conductor plate 7a and the lower conductor plate 7b.
- the movement of the central permanent magnet 6 drives the movement of the upper conductor plate 7a and the lower conductor plate 7b, causing the upper conductor plate 7a and the lower conductor plate 7b to move relative to the upper annular permanent magnet 3a and the lower annular permanent magnet 3b to generate eddy current damping.
- the distance between the upper conductor plate 7a and the lower conductor plate 7b and the upper annular permanent magnet 3a and the lower annular permanent magnet 3b can be changed on the connecting rod 5, and the dynamic magnetic force can be adjusted according to different applications, and the magnetic mechanism is increased. applicability.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2016551172A JP6317822B2 (ja) | 2014-02-14 | 2014-06-20 | 一自由度磁力防振装置 |
| US15/118,776 US9829059B2 (en) | 2014-02-14 | 2014-06-20 | Single degree-of-freedom magnetic vibration isolation device |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410051123.8A CN103775550B (zh) | 2014-02-14 | 2014-02-14 | 单自由度磁力隔振装置 |
| CN201410051123.8 | 2014-02-14 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2015120683A1 true WO2015120683A1 (zh) | 2015-08-20 |
Family
ID=50568154
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/CN2014/080357 Ceased WO2015120683A1 (zh) | 2014-02-14 | 2014-06-20 | 单自由度磁力隔振装置 |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US9829059B2 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP6317822B2 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN103775550B (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2015120683A1 (zh) |
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| CN115830975A (zh) * | 2022-12-27 | 2023-03-21 | 重庆大学 | 一种六自由度运动模拟平台 |
| CN119712754A (zh) * | 2024-11-06 | 2025-03-28 | 浙江宇嘉新能源科技股份有限公司 | 一种磁力减震器 |
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| CN103775550B (zh) * | 2014-02-14 | 2015-09-23 | 华中科技大学 | 单自由度磁力隔振装置 |
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| CN116818077A (zh) * | 2023-06-28 | 2023-09-29 | 中航电测仪器股份有限公司 | 一种适用于变质量随机载荷的准零刚度隔振系统 |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20170045107A1 (en) | 2017-02-16 |
| JP6317822B2 (ja) | 2018-04-25 |
| JP2017505889A (ja) | 2017-02-23 |
| CN103775550B (zh) | 2015-09-23 |
| CN103775550A (zh) | 2014-05-07 |
| US9829059B2 (en) | 2017-11-28 |
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