WO2015113477A1 - 太阳能电池组件用封装胶膜 - Google Patents

太阳能电池组件用封装胶膜 Download PDF

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WO2015113477A1
WO2015113477A1 PCT/CN2015/071389 CN2015071389W WO2015113477A1 WO 2015113477 A1 WO2015113477 A1 WO 2015113477A1 CN 2015071389 W CN2015071389 W CN 2015071389W WO 2015113477 A1 WO2015113477 A1 WO 2015113477A1
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Prior art keywords
film
solar cell
spherical transparent
cell module
transparent material
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PCT/CN2015/071389
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English (en)
French (fr)
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林金锡
丁怀欣
李政
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常州安迪新材料有限公司
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Priority to EP15743505.8A priority Critical patent/EP3076439A4/en
Priority to JP2016542134A priority patent/JP6306714B2/ja
Publication of WO2015113477A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015113477A1/zh
Priority to US15/213,959 priority patent/US20160329447A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • H01L31/0481—Encapsulation of modules characterised by the composition of the encapsulation material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J7/00—Adhesives in the form of films or foils
    • C09J7/10—Adhesives in the form of films or foils without carriers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
    • B32B27/20—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2264/02—Synthetic macromolecular particles
    • B32B2264/0214—Particles made of materials belonging to B32B27/00
    • B32B2264/0228—Vinyl resin particles, e.g. polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol polymers or ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers
    • B32B2264/0235—Aromatic vinyl resin, e.g. styrenic (co)polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2264/02—Synthetic macromolecular particles
    • B32B2264/0214—Particles made of materials belonging to B32B27/00
    • B32B2264/025—Acrylic resin particles, e.g. polymethyl methacrylate or ethylene-acrylate copolymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2264/02—Synthetic macromolecular particles
    • B32B2264/0214—Particles made of materials belonging to B32B27/00
    • B32B2264/0278—Polyester particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2264/10—Inorganic particles
    • B32B2264/101—Glass
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2264/10—Inorganic particles
    • B32B2264/107—Ceramic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/31—Heat sealable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
    • B32B2307/412—Transparent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
    • B32B2307/418—Refractive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2439/00—Containers; Receptacles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
    • B32B2457/12—Photovoltaic modules
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J2203/00—Applications of adhesives in processes or use of adhesives in the form of films or foils
    • C09J2203/322—Applications of adhesives in processes or use of adhesives in the form of films or foils for the production of solar panels
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J2301/00—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils
    • C09J2301/40—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the presence of essential components
    • C09J2301/414—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the presence of essential components presence of a copolymer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J2423/00—Presence of polyolefin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J2433/00—Presence of (meth)acrylic polymer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic modules, and in particular relates to a packaging film for a solar cell module.
  • solar photovoltaic power generation has the advantages of no pollution, sustainable, large total, wide distribution, and diverse utilization forms, and is highly valued by countries all over the world.
  • China has already developed the solar photovoltaic industry as an important measure to ensure energy supply and promote economic restructuring.
  • the "12th Five-Year Development Plan for Solar Photovoltaic Industry” clearly states that the installed capacity of photovoltaic power generation in China will increase from the current 0.8GW to 10GW and 50GW in 2015 and 2020, respectively.
  • the “Decision of the State Council on Accelerating the Cultivation and Development of Strategic Emerging Industries” has included the photovoltaic industry as an important direction for the strategic emerging industries in China's future development.
  • Photovoltaic modules are mainly composed of tempered glass, cell sheets, back sheets, and encapsulating films that bond them.
  • the bonded tempered glass and cell sheets are commonly referred to as sizing films, bonded cell sheets and
  • the backsheet is often referred to as a film.
  • Traditional methods for improving the power generation of solar cell modules include increasing the transmittance of tempered glass, improving the conversion efficiency of the cell sheet, and increasing the reflectance of the back sheet.
  • An object of the present invention is to solve the above problems and to provide an encapsulating film for a solar cell module, which can be used as a sizing film to increase the power generation of the solar cell module.
  • a technical solution for achieving the object of the present invention is: an encapsulating film for a solar cell module obtained by incorporating a spherical transparent material having an average particle diameter of 0.1 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m in the process of preparing a film.
  • the spherical transparent material is spherical transparent polymer microbeads (also known as transparent polymer microspheres), spherical transparent glass microbeads (also known as transparent glass microspheres), spherical transparent ceramic microbeads (also known as transparent ceramic microspheres). At least one of them is preferably a spherical transparent polymer microbead or a spherical transparent glass microbead.
  • the transparent polymer microspheres are PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate) microspheres, PC (polycarbonate) microspheres, PS (polystyrene) microspheres, and PET (polyethylene terephthalate). At least one of the microspheres.
  • the spherical transparent material is used in an amount of 0.01% by weight to 10% by weight, preferably 0.1% by weight to 1% by weight based on the total amount of the film.
  • the spherical transparent material preferably has an average particle diameter of from 1 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m.
  • the conventional method for preparing the encapsulating film firstly mixes the main material and the auxiliary material uniformly, and then is added to an extruder for melt extrusion, followed by cooling and forming, and finally, the film is obtained by pulling and winding.
  • the main material includes POE, EVA, PVB, TPU, epoxy resin, silicone, etc., and one or two or more main materials may be used.
  • Auxiliary materials typically include crosslinkers, co-crosslinkers, tackifiers, UV absorbers, antioxidants, coupling agents, and the like.
  • the spherical transparent material of the present invention is incorporated into the host material and other auxiliary materials when uniformly mixed.
  • the host material of the encapsulating film for a solar cell module of the present embodiment is POE (ethylene-octene copolymer) which is made of the following components by weight:
  • an encapsulating film was prepared in accordance with a conventional method.
  • Example 1 Each example is substantially the same as Example 1, except that the type, particle size and amount of the spherical transparent material are shown in Table 1.
  • This comparative example is basically the same as in Example 1, except that no spherical transparent material is incorporated, and Table 1 is still shown.
  • the encapsulating film obtained in Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Example 1 was used as a sizing film, and the encapsulating film obtained in Comparative Example 1 was used as a sizing film, and the same tempered glass, cell sheet, and back sheet were used.
  • Method for Preparing Solar Cell Modules Six solar cell modules were fabricated and their power generation was measured. The results are still shown in Table 1.
  • the main material of the encapsulating film for a solar cell module of the present embodiment is EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer) which is made of the following parts by weight:
  • EVA 100 g of EVA, 0.8 g of t-amyl peroxy-2-ethylhexyl carbonate, 0.1 g of antioxidant 168, 0.5 g of UV-622, and 1 g of PMMA microspheres having an average particle diameter of about 5 ⁇ m.
  • an encapsulating film was prepared in accordance with a conventional method.
  • Each embodiment is basically the same as Example 6, except that the type, particle size and amount of the spherical transparent material are shown in Table 2.
  • This comparative example is basically the same as in Example 6, except that no spherical transparent material is incorporated, and Table 2 is still shown.
  • the encapsulating film obtained in Examples 6 to 10 and Comparative Example 2 was used as a sizing film, and the encapsulating film obtained in Comparative Example 2 was used as a sizing film, and the same tempered glass, cell sheet, and back sheet were used.
  • Method for preparing a solar cell module Six solar cell modules were fabricated and their power generation was measured. The results are still shown in Table 2.
  • the main material of the encapsulating film for a solar cell module of the present embodiment is PVB (polyvinyl butyral), which is made of the following parts by weight:
  • PVB 100 g of PVB, 5 g of triethylene glycol-di-2-ethylhexanoate, 5 g of EAA (ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer), 0.2 g of antioxidant 1076, 0.2 g of antioxidant 1010, 0.3 g UV-770 and 0.5 g of spherical transparent glass microspheres having an average particle diameter of about 20 ⁇ m.
  • an encapsulating film was prepared in accordance with a conventional method.
  • Example 11 Each example is substantially the same as Example 11, except that the type, particle size and amount of the spherical transparent material are shown in Table 3.
  • This comparative example is basically the same as that of Example 11, except that no spherical transparent material is incorporated, and Table 3 is still seen.
  • the main material of the encapsulating film for a solar cell module of the present embodiment is POE and EVA, which is made of the following components by weight:
  • EVA 80 g of EVA, 10 g of POE, 10 g of PE, 0.6 g of t-butylperoxy-2-ethylhexyl carbonate, 0.5 g of vinyltrimethoxysilane and 0.5 g of PMMA having an average particle diameter of about 10 ⁇ m Microspheres.
  • an encapsulating film was prepared in accordance with a conventional method.
  • Example 16 Each example is substantially the same as Example 16, except that the type, particle size and amount of the spherical transparent material are shown in Table 4.
  • This comparative example is substantially the same as in Example 16 except that no spherical transparent material is incorporated, as shown in Table 4.
  • the present invention has the positive effects: (1) The present invention increases the luminous flux of the solar cell module by incorporating a spherical transparent material into the film, and utilizing the diffuse reflection function of the spherical transparent material to increase the number of times of light reflection in the film, thereby improving the luminous flux of the solar cell module. , thereby increasing the power generation. (2)
  • the encapsulating film for a solar cell module of the present invention can be selected from a polymer material, a glass material or a ceramic material depending on the use conditions of the film, and has a wide application prospect.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

一种太阳能电池组件用封装胶膜，通过在制备胶膜的过程中掺入平均粒径为0.1μm～50μm的球形透明材料得到；球形透明材料的用量为胶膜总量的0.01wt％～10wt％；球形透明材料为透明高分子微球、球形透明玻璃微珠、球形透明陶瓷微珠中的至少一种；透明高分子微球为PMMA微球、PC微球、PS微球、PET微球中的至少一种。通过向胶膜中掺入球形透明材料，利用球形透明材料的漫反射功能增加光线在胶膜中的折射反射次数，可以提高太阳能电池组件的光通量，进而提高发电功率。

Description

太阳能电池组件用封装胶膜 技术领域
本发明属于光伏组件技术领域，具体涉及一种太阳能电池组件用封装胶膜。
背景技术
随着世界经济和社会的发展，常规能源供应短缺危机日益严重。同时，化石能源的大量开发利用已成为造成自然环境污染和人类生存环境恶化的主要原因之一。因此，开发和利用新能源已经成为人类社会发展必须解决的重大问题。
在各种新能源中，太阳能光伏发电具有无污染、可持续、总量大、分布广、利用形式多样等优点，受到世界各国的高度重视。我国已经将发展太阳能光伏产业作为保障能源供应、推动经济结构调整的重要举措。《太阳能光伏产业“十二五”发展规划》中明确提出：2015年和2020年我国的光伏发电装机容量将由目前的0.8GW分别提高到10GW和50GW。《国务院关于加快培育和发展战略性新兴产业的决定》更是将光伏产业列入了我国未来发展的战略性新兴产业重要方向。
随着光伏产业的进一步发展，单位面积的发电量(也称发电功率)的提高成为了光伏技术发展的主旋律。
光伏组件(也称太阳能电池组件)主要由钢化玻璃、电池片、背板以及粘结它们的封装胶膜组成，其中粘结钢化玻璃与电池片的通常称为上胶膜，粘结电池片与背板的则通常称为下胶膜。
传统的提高太阳能电池组件发电功率的方法主要有：提高钢化玻璃的透过率、提高电池片的转换效率以及提高背板的反射率。
近年来，也有通过对下胶膜进行改进从而提高发电功率的文献报道。
但是，尚未发现通过对上胶膜进行改进来提高发电功率的文献报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于解决上述问题，提供一种太阳能电池组件用封装胶膜，该封装胶膜作为上胶膜使用可以提高太阳能电池组件发电功率的。
实现本发明目的的技术方案是：一种太阳能电池组件用封装胶膜，它是通过在制备胶膜的过程中掺入平均粒径为0.1μm～50μm的球形透明材料得到。
所述的球形透明材料为球形透明高分子微珠(又称透明高分子微球)、球形透明玻璃微珠(又称透明玻璃微球)、球形透明陶瓷微珠(又称透明陶瓷微球)中的至少一种，优选球形透明高分子微珠或者球形透明玻璃微珠。
所述的透明高分子微球为PMMA(聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯)微球、PC(聚碳酸酯)微球、PS(聚苯乙烯)微球、PET(聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯)微球中的至少一种。
所述的球形透明材料的用量为胶膜总量的0.01wt％～10wt％，优选0.1wt～1wt％。
所述的球形透明材料的平均粒径优选1μm～5μm。
目前，制备封装胶膜的常规方法均是先将主体材料和辅助材料混合均匀，然后加入到挤出机中熔融挤出，接着冷却成型，最后牵引收卷即得胶膜成品。
其中主体材料包括POE、EVA、PVB、TPU、环氧树脂、有机硅等，可以采用一种主体材料，也可以采用两种或者两种以上的主体材料。
辅助材料通常包括交联剂、助交联剂、增粘剂、紫外线吸收剂、抗氧剂、偶联剂等等。
本发明的球形透明材料就是在混合均匀时掺入到主体材料和其它辅助材料中。
具体实施方式
(实施例1)
本实施例的太阳能电池组件用封装胶膜的主体材料为POE(乙烯-辛烯共聚物)，它由下述重量份的组分制成：
100g的POE，0.7g的叔丁基过氧化-2-乙基己基碳酸酯，0.5g的三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸甲酯，0.5g的3-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷，0.3g的2-羟基-4-正辛氧基二苯甲酮(UV-531)以及1g的平均粒径为5μm左右的球形透明玻璃微珠。
将上述各组分混合均匀后，按照常规方法制备封装胶膜。
(实施例2～实施例5)
各实施例与实施例1基本相同，不同之处在于球形透明材料的种类、粒径和用量，具体见表1。
(对比例1)
本对比例与实施例1基本相同，不同之处在于没有掺入球形透明材料，仍见表1。
(应用例1)
分别将实施例1～实施例5以及对比例1得到的封装胶膜作为上胶膜、同时将对比例1得到的封装胶膜作为下胶膜，与相同的钢化玻璃、电池片、背板按照太阳能电池组件的制备方法制得六块太阳能电池组件，并测量它们的发电功率，结果仍见表1。
表1
Figure PCTCN2015071389-appb-000001
由表1可以看出：掺入球形透明材料的封装胶膜在一定程度上提升了组件的功率。
(实施例6)
本实施例的太阳能电池组件用封装胶膜的主体材料为EVA(乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物)，它由下述重量份的组分制成：
100g的EVA，0.8g过氧化-2-乙基己基碳酸叔戊酯，0.1g抗氧剂168，0.5gUV-622以及1g的平均粒径为5μm左右的PMMA微球。
将上述各组分混合均匀后，按照常规方法制备封装胶膜。
(实施例7～实施例10)
各实施例与实施例6基本相同，不同之处在于球形透明材料的种类、粒径和用量，具体见表2。
(对比例2)
本对比例与实施例6基本相同，不同之处在于没有掺入球形透明材料，仍见表2。
(应用例2)
分别将实施例6～实施例10以及对比例2得到的封装胶膜作为上胶膜、同时将对比例2得到的封装胶膜作为下胶膜，与相同的钢化玻璃、电池片、背板按照太阳能电池组件的制备方法制得六块太阳能电池组件，并测量它们的发电功率，结果仍见表2。
表2
Figure PCTCN2015071389-appb-000002
由表2可以看出：掺入球形透明材料的封装胶膜在一定程度上提升了组件的功率。
(实施例11)
本实施例的太阳能电池组件用封装胶膜的主体材料为PVB(聚乙烯醇缩丁醛)，它由下述重量份的组分制成：
100g的PVB，5g的三甘醇-二-2-乙基己酸酯，5g的EAA(乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物)，0.2g的抗氧剂1076，0.2g的抗氧剂1010,0.3g的UV-770以及0.5g的平均粒径为20μm左右的球形透明玻璃微珠。
将上述各组分混合均匀后，按照常规方法制备封装胶膜。
(实施例12～实施例15)
各实施例与实施例11基本相同，不同之处在于球形透明材料的种类、粒径和用量，具体见表3。
(对比例3)
本对比例与实施例11基本相同，不同之处在于没有掺入球形透明材料，仍见表3。
(应用例3)
分别将实施例11～实施例15以及对比例3得到的封装胶膜作为上胶膜、同时将对比例3得到的封装胶膜作为下胶膜，与相同的钢化玻璃、电池片、背板按照太阳能电池组件的制备方法制得六块太阳能电池组件，并测量它们的发电功率，结果仍见表3。
表3
Figure PCTCN2015071389-appb-000003
由表3可以看出：掺入球形透明材料的封装胶膜在一定程度上提升了组件的功率。
(实施例16)
本实施例的太阳能电池组件用封装胶膜的主体材料为POE和EVA，它由下述重量份的组分制成：
80g的EVA，10g的POE，10g的PE，0.6g的叔丁基过氧化-2-乙基己基碳酸酯，0.5g的乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷以及0.5g的平均粒径为10μm左右的PMMA微球。
将上述各组分混合均匀后，按照常规方法制备封装胶膜。
(实施例17～实施例20)
各实施例与实施例16基本相同，不同之处在于球形透明材料的种类、粒径和用量，具体见表4。
(对比例4)
本对比例与实施例16基本相同，不同之处在于没有掺入球形透明材料，仍见表4。
(应用例4)
分别将实施例16～实施例20以及对比例4得到的封装胶膜作为上胶膜、同时将对比例4得到的封装胶膜作为下胶膜，与相同的钢化玻璃、电池片、背板按照太阳能电池组件的制备方法制得六块太阳能电池组件，并测量它们的发电功率，结果仍见表4。
表4
Figure PCTCN2015071389-appb-000004
由表4可以看出：掺入球形透明材料的封装胶膜在一定程度上提升了组件的功率。
工业应用性
本发明具有的积极效果：(1)本发明通过向胶膜中掺入球形透明材料，利用球形透明材料的漫反射功能增加光线在胶膜中的折射反射次数，进而可以提高太阳能电池组件的光通量，进而提高发电功率。(2)本发明的太阳能电池组件用封装胶膜可以根据胶膜使用条件的不同选择高分子材料、玻璃材料或者陶瓷材料，具有广泛的应用前景。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种太阳能电池组件用封装胶膜，其特征在于：它是通过在制备胶膜的过程中掺入平均粒径为0.1μm～50μm的球形透明材料得到。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳能电池组件用封装胶膜，其特征在于：所述的球形透明材料为球形透明高分子微珠、球形透明玻璃微珠、球形透明陶瓷微珠中的至少一种。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳能电池组件用封装胶膜，其特征在于：所述的球形透明材料的用量为胶膜总量的0.01wt％～10wt％。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的太阳能电池组件用封装胶膜，其特征在于：所述的球形透明材料的用量为胶膜总量的0.01wt％～10wt％。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4之一所述的太阳能电池组件用封装胶膜，其特征在于：所述胶膜的主体材料为POE、EVA、PVB、TPU、环氧树脂、有机硅中的至少一种。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的太阳能电池组件用封装胶膜，其特征在于：所述胶膜的主体材料为POE。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的太阳能电池组件用封装胶膜，其特征在于：所述胶膜的主体材料为EVA。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的太阳能电池组件用封装胶膜，其特征在于：所述胶膜的主体材料为PVB。
  9. 根据权利要求5所述的太阳能电池组件用封装胶膜，其特征在于：所述胶膜的主体材料为POE和EVA。
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