WO2015110679A1 - Method for the selective extraction of remaining viscous hydrocarbons in storage tanks - Google Patents
Method for the selective extraction of remaining viscous hydrocarbons in storage tanks Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015110679A1 WO2015110679A1 PCT/ES2015/000010 ES2015000010W WO2015110679A1 WO 2015110679 A1 WO2015110679 A1 WO 2015110679A1 ES 2015000010 W ES2015000010 W ES 2015000010W WO 2015110679 A1 WO2015110679 A1 WO 2015110679A1
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- tank
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- extraction
- heating
- suction lines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B9/00—Cleaning hollow articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto
- B08B9/08—Cleaning containers, e.g. tanks
- B08B9/093—Cleaning containers, e.g. tanks by the force of jets or sprays
- B08B9/0933—Removing sludge or the like from tank bottoms
Definitions
- hydrocarbon storage tanks must be emptied regularly to proceed with their inspection, maintenance, cargo change or demolition. When it comes to viscous hydrocarbons, the emptying of the tanks presents great difficulties and they usually remain without extracting significant amounts of hydrocarbons along with the contaminants accumulated at the bottom of the tank, mainly water with dissolved metal salts and sediments.
- the object of the present invention is to extract the remaining viscous hydrocarbons in the tanks and leave most of the pollutants segregated in their bottoms, which considerably increases the value of the hydrocarbons by allowing their consumption in the facility itself or its sale with compliance of legal specifications.
- Viscous hydrocarbon storage tanks are widely spread in oil refineries, petrochemical plants, thermal power plants, cement factories, metallurgical plants, oil tankers or port terminals.
- the selective extraction procedure is applicable to oil tanks, fuel oil and other viscous petroleum products, including tanks accidentally contaminated with water due to rain seepage, leaks in fire circuits, contaminated loads, etc.
- the present invention is the result of the improvements introduced in an analogous procedure whose patent application was filed on 04/28/2011, "Procedure for the selective extraction of high viscosity hydrocarbons remaining in storage tank bottoms".
- the request was granted dated 07.27.2013 and ES number 2391183 B1.
- the international search report of the mentioned patent indicated as background three documents that did not represent any impediment to its granting (US 5085242 A Great Eastern Bermuda LTD, GB 2101475 A British Petroleum CO PLC and US 3874399 A Fuji Oil CO LTD).
- the invention corrects two important deficiencies of the previously patented selective extraction procedure (ES 2391183 B1), which were detected in the application of the procedure to fuel oil tanks. These two shortcomings and their corresponding corrections are the following:
- the present invention includes additional heating with external heat exchangers, which reduces the viscosity of the hydrocarbons and facilitates their filtering, decantation or subsequent transfers.
- a method of selective extraction of remaining viscous hydrocarbons in storage tanks characterized by their heating operations is described below, which makes it possible to extract the hydrocarbons and leave most of the contaminants segregated at the bottom of the tank. Segregation is achieved by fluidization and the flow to the suction lines of the surface layers of hydrocarbons, while the hydrocarbons most affected by the contaminants at the bottom of the tank remain viscous and static.
- the temperature to which the hydrocarbons have to be subjected is mainly determined by the reduction in viscosity they experience with heating, generally between 40 ° C and 70 ° C. In any case, hydrocarbons must be maintained at all times within the range of permissible storage temperatures.
- the procedure consists of the following operations:
- Heating by means of devices located inside the tank, very close or integrated in the suction lines and separated from the bottom of the tank, or if there are impediments to place the heating devices inside the tank, heating by means of devices located outside the tank on the outside the suction lines and on areas adjacent to them of the tank envelope, until the level of the tank falls below its inspection nozzles and heating can be initiated with the heating devices located inside the tank.
- the internal heating devices must be located very close to the suction lines, or integrated into them, so that the extraction of the hydrocarbons takes place at the same time as the heating and thus avoid overheating in the inside the tank.
- Examples of devices that are very close to the suction lines are steam coils and ATEX electric resistors, and examples of devices integrated in the suction lines are simultaneous suction and heating devices.
- the latter are connected to the ends of the suction hoses and have two distinct chambers, a suction chamber through which the hydrocarbons circulate and another heating chamber through which the water vapor circulates.
- the internal heating devices must be located separately from the bottom of the tank to prevent heat transfer through the steel to large areas of the tank's bottom.
- the hot air injection has the added effect of ventilating the tank and thus preventing the generation of explosive atmospheres.
- Air injection should be done by minimizing losses from the roof of the tank, which is achieved by sealing the roof of the tank and installing an air extractor away from the air injection point and close to the suction lines.
- hot air can be injected into the tank through a floating roof register and evacuated through another register to which an air extractor is connected.
- hydrocarbons can be subjected to a decantation process to reduce their water content.
- An effective settling system consists in transferring the hot hydrocarbons to transport tanks, to proceed, after a rest time, to the purging of water from the tanks and to the transport or transfer of the hydrocarbons to the point that has been determined for this purpose.
- Demulsifying additives may be added to the hydrocarbons to enhance the decanting effect.
- the process also has application in the selective extraction of viscous hydrocarbons remaining in storage tanks accidentally contaminated with water.
- the heating coils must be placed as a settling barrier around the suction devices and must have continuity to the vicinity of the bottom of the tank so that the water is not retained in the viscous hydrocarbons and flows to the bottom of the tank.
- the present invention includes a procedure that adds, to the operations of the selective extraction procedure described, other operations that complete the extraction of the hydrocarbons and leave most of the contaminants segregated in the tank.
- the cost-benefit analysis will determine in each case if it is more favorable to complete the extraction in a selective way, as described below, or to use conventional extraction procedures.
- the procedure that completes the selective extraction consists of the following operations:
- Heating by means of devices located inside the tank, very close or integrated in the suction lines and separated from the bottom of the tank, or if there are impediments to place the heating devices inside the tank, heating by means of devices located outside the tank on the outside the suction lines and on areas adjacent to them of the tank envelope, until the level of the tank falls below its inspection nozzles and heating can be initiated with the heating devices located inside the tank.
- the return points of the recirculation water must be arranged away from the suction lines and can be varied to ensure that the heating of the hydrocarbons takes place in a more efficient and uniform way.
- the heating devices installed next to the suction lines and external heat exchangers are used for water heating. The heating and recirculation of hot water should continue until the subsequent operation of extracting the supernatant hydrocarbons is completed.
- the two currents established in the tank, one of hot air above the supernatant hydrocarbons and another of hot water below, must have senses that favor the displacement of the supernatant hydrocarbons towards the suction lines.
- Figure 1 facilitates the explanation of the selective extraction process object of the invention. It represents the storage tank -1-, in which the hose connection cover -2- is installed.
- the water vapor generated in the boiler -3- circulates through the simultaneous suction and heating devices -4- and through the external heat exchanger -5-, returning the outgoing water from the traps to the boiler water tank -6-.
- the centrifugal fan -7- injects air into the tank through the electric heater -8-, while another centrifugal fan -9- extracts an equivalent amount of air from the tank and releases it into the atmosphere.
- the hydrocarbons extracted and heated in the external heat exchanger pass through the filter unit -10- and are transferred with the pump -11- to the transport tank -12-.
- the tanks can also be used as decanters; in this case, the tanks are purged of water after a resting time.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Loading And Unloading Of Fuel Tanks Or Ships (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method characterised by the heating operations thereof, which allow the extraction of the pollutant-free hydrocarbons and do not generate the risks of uncontrollable leakage via non-tight bottoms, which are associated with other methods. The heating operations are carried out in the following way: by means of devices submerged in the hydrocarbons and separate from the bottom of the tank, or by means of devices arranged outside the tank, on the suction lines and in areas adjacent to the shell of the tank; by means of injecting hot air into the tank, in order to fluidify the surface layer of hydrocarbons and to ventilate the tank and prevent the generation of explosive atmospheres; and by means of external heat exchangers which facilitate the filtering, decanting or subsequent transfers of the hydrocarbons. The method is applicable to tanks of oil, fuel oil and other viscous oil products, including tanks which are accidentally contaminated with water.
Description
PROCEDIMIENTO DE EXTRACCIÓN SELECTIVA DE HIDROCARBUROS VISCOSOS REMANENTES EN TANQUES DE ALMACENAMIENTO SELECTIVE REMOVAL VISCOSE HYDROCARBONS REMOVAL PROCEDURE IN STORAGE TANKS
OBJETO DE LA INVENCIÓN OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
Los tanques de almacenamiento de hidrocarburos deben vaciarse regularmente para proceder a su inspección, mantenimiento, cambio de carga o demolición. Cuando se trata de hidrocarburos viscosos, el vaciado de los tan- ques presenta grandes dificultades y suelen quedar sin extraer cantidades importantes de hidrocarburos junto con los contaminantes acumulados en el fondo del tanque, principalmente agua con sales metálicas disueltas y sedimentos. The hydrocarbon storage tanks must be emptied regularly to proceed with their inspection, maintenance, cargo change or demolition. When it comes to viscous hydrocarbons, the emptying of the tanks presents great difficulties and they usually remain without extracting significant amounts of hydrocarbons along with the contaminants accumulated at the bottom of the tank, mainly water with dissolved metal salts and sediments.
El objeto de la presente invención es extraer los hidrocarburos viscosos remanentes en los tanques y dejar segregados en sus fondos la mayor parte de los contaminantes, lo que incrementa considerablemente el valor de los hidrocarburos al posibilitar su consumo en la propia instalación o su venta con cumplimiento de especificaciones legales. The object of the present invention is to extract the remaining viscous hydrocarbons in the tanks and leave most of the pollutants segregated in their bottoms, which considerably increases the value of the hydrocarbons by allowing their consumption in the facility itself or its sale with compliance of legal specifications.
Los tanques de almacenamiento de hidrocarburos viscosos se encuentran ampliamente extendidos en refinerías de petróleo, plantas petroquímicas, cen- trales térmicas, fábricas cementeras, plantas metalúrgicas, buques petroleros o terminales portuarias. El procedimiento de extracción selectiva es aplicable a tanques de petróleo, fueloil y otros productos petrolíferos viscosos, incluyendo los tanques contaminados accidentalmente con agua por filtraciones de lluvia, fugas en circuitos contraincendios, cargas contaminadas, etc. Viscous hydrocarbon storage tanks are widely spread in oil refineries, petrochemical plants, thermal power plants, cement factories, metallurgical plants, oil tankers or port terminals. The selective extraction procedure is applicable to oil tanks, fuel oil and other viscous petroleum products, including tanks accidentally contaminated with water due to rain seepage, leaks in fire circuits, contaminated loads, etc.
Además de las ventajas económicas que conlleva la extracción de los hidrocarburos libres de contaminantes, con la práctica de la invención se consiguen notables mejoras en materia de prevención de riesgos laborales y medioambientales: el tiempo de estancia de los operarios en el interior de los tanques se reduce drásticamente, no se generan riesgos de fugas de hidrocarbu- ros a través de fondos de tanques no estancos y el aprovechamiento de los hidrocarburos implica una importante reducción de residuos.
ESTADO DE LA TÉCNICA In addition to the economic advantages of extracting contaminant-free hydrocarbons, with the practice of the invention, significant improvements in the prevention of occupational and environmental risks are achieved: the length of stay of operators inside the tanks is dramatically reduced, no risks of hydrocarbon leaks are generated through non-tight tank bottoms and the use of hydrocarbons implies a significant reduction of waste. STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE
La presente invención es el resultado de las mejoras introducidas en un procedimiento análogo cuya solicitud de patente fue presentada el 28.04.2011 , "Procedimiento para la extracción selectiva de hidrocarburos de alta viscosidad remanentes en fondos de tanques de almacenamiento". La solicitud fue concedida con fecha 22.07.2013 y número ES 2391183 B1. El informe de búsqueda internacional de la citada patente señalaba como antecedentes tres documentos que no representaron ningún impedimento para su concesión (US 5085242 A Great Eastern Bermuda LTD, GB 2101475 A British Petroleum CO PLC y US 3874399 A Fuji Oil CO LTD). The present invention is the result of the improvements introduced in an analogous procedure whose patent application was filed on 04/28/2011, "Procedure for the selective extraction of high viscosity hydrocarbons remaining in storage tank bottoms". The request was granted dated 07.27.2013 and ES number 2391183 B1. The international search report of the mentioned patent indicated as background three documents that did not represent any impediment to its granting (US 5085242 A Great Eastern Bermuda LTD, GB 2101475 A British Petroleum CO PLC and US 3874399 A Fuji Oil CO LTD).
La invención corrige dos importantes deficiencias del procedimiento de extracción selectiva anteriormente patentado (ES 2391183 B1), que fueron detectadas en la aplicación del procedimiento a tanques de fueloil. Esas dos defi- ciencias y sus correspondientes correcciones son las siguientes: The invention corrects two important deficiencies of the previously patented selective extraction procedure (ES 2391183 B1), which were detected in the application of the procedure to fuel oil tanks. These two shortcomings and their corresponding corrections are the following:
1.- El calentamiento de los hidrocarburos mediante dispositivos situados en contacto con el fondo del tanque propiciaba la transferencia de calor por conducción desde los dispositivos de calentamiento a amplias zonas del fondo del tanque, lo que causaba el calentamiento y el flujo hacia las líneas de suc- ción de contaminantes acumulados en dichas zonas. De hecho, las muestras de fueloil extraído tenían un contenido en contaminantes mayor que las muestras tomadas del fueloil situado en zonas próximas a la superficie del tanque. El presente procedimiento corrige esa deficiencia estableciendo que los dispositivos de calentamiento se mantengan separados del fondo del tanque; la sepa- ración se puede llevar a cabo situando los dispositivos de calentamiento suspendidos o sobre apoyos, o bien colocando un aislante térmico entre los dispositivos y el fondo del tanque. De este modo, se mejora el procedimiento anterior en los aspectos siguientes: 1.- The heating of the hydrocarbons by means of devices located in contact with the bottom of the tank led to the transfer of heat by conduction from the heating devices to large areas of the bottom of the tank, which caused the heating and flow to the lines of Suction of contaminants accumulated in these areas. In fact, the extracted fuel oil samples had a higher contaminant content than the samples taken from the fuel oil located in areas close to the surface of the tank. The present procedure corrects this deficiency by establishing that the heating devices are kept separate from the bottom of the tank; The separation can be carried out by placing the heating devices suspended or on supports, or by placing a thermal insulator between the devices and the bottom of the tank. In this way, the previous procedure is improved in the following aspects:
a) Se consigue extraer los hidrocarburos con un contenido en contami- nantes ostensiblemente menor, porque se impide la transferencia de calor a amplias zonas del fondo del tanque a través del acero y el consiguiente flujo de hidrocarburos contaminados hacia las líneas de succión.
b) Se mantienen viscosos y estáticos los hidrocarburos más próximos al fondo del tanque, lo que evita generar riesgos de fugas incontrolables en tanques con fondos en avanzado estado de corrosión o con grietas en las soldaduras. Estas fugas incontrolables y las consiguientes contaminaciones de sue- los sí se producirían en tanques no estancos si se aplicasen procedimientos basados en la inyección de hidrocarburos no viscosos y calientes. a) It is possible to extract the hydrocarbons with a significantly lower contaminant content, because heat transfer to large areas of the tank bottom through the steel and the consequent flow of contaminated hydrocarbons to the suction lines is prevented. b) The hydrocarbons closest to the bottom of the tank are kept viscous and static, which avoids generating risks of uncontrollable leaks in tanks with funds in an advanced state of corrosion or with cracks in the welds. These uncontrollable leaks and the resulting contamination of soils would occur in non-tight tanks if procedures based on the injection of non-viscous and hot hydrocarbons were applied.
2.- El calentamiento y la recirculación del aire caliente ocasionaba la acumulación de gases inflamables en el interior del tanque, con el consiguiente riesgo de generación de atmósferas explosivas. El presente procedimiento es- tablece la inyección continua de aire caliente al tanque, lo que renueva su atmósfera e impide la generación de atmósferas explosivas. 2.- The heating and recirculation of hot air caused the accumulation of flammable gases inside the tank, with the consequent risk of generating explosive atmospheres. The present procedure establishes the continuous injection of hot air into the tank, which renews its atmosphere and prevents the generation of explosive atmospheres.
Además, la presente invención incluye un calentamiento adicional con intercambiadores de calor externos, que reduce la viscosidad de los hidrocarburos y facilita su filtrado, decantación o posteriores trasvases. In addition, the present invention includes additional heating with external heat exchangers, which reduces the viscosity of the hydrocarbons and facilitates their filtering, decantation or subsequent transfers.
A la fecha de presentación de la presente invención, los procedimientos más utilizados para extraer hidrocarburos viscosos remanentes en tanques de almacenamiento son los siguientes: At the date of presentation of the present invention, the most commonly used procedures for extracting viscous hydrocarbons remaining in storage tanks are the following:
- En los tanques de petróleo, se aplican procedimientos basados en la fluidificación de los hidrocarburos viscosos remanentes en sus fondos mediante la inyección de hidrocarburos no viscosos, generalmente petróleo caliente. Estos procedimientos presentan inconvenientes, como su dependencia de una fuente de suministro de petróleo u otros hidrocarburos no viscosos para la inyección, los riesgos de fugas incontrolables que generan, la mezcla de los hidrocarburos con los contaminantes y la necesidad de mantener inertizado el tanque con nitrógeno en prevención de riesgos de incendio y explosión. - In oil tanks, procedures based on the fluidization of the viscous hydrocarbons remaining in their bottoms are applied by injecting non-viscous hydrocarbons, generally hot oil. These procedures have disadvantages, such as their dependence on a source of oil or other non-viscous hydrocarbons for injection, the risks of uncontrollable leaks they generate, the mixing of hydrocarbons with contaminants and the need to keep the tank inertized with nitrogen in prevention of fire and explosion risks.
- En otros tanques de hidrocarburos viscosos, como los de fueloil, se emplean procedimientos convencionales de extracción con equipos hidrodinámicos de aspiración-impulsión, que obligan a ulteriores operaciones de tratamiento por provocar la mezcla de los hidrocarburos con los contaminantes e incrementan en gran medida la intervención de operarios en el interior del tanque.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓN - In other viscous hydrocarbon tanks, such as fuel oil, conventional extraction procedures are used with hydrodynamic aspiration-impulse equipment, which require further treatment operations by causing the mixing of hydrocarbons with contaminants and greatly increase the operator intervention inside the tank. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Se describe a continuación un procedimiento de extracción selectiva de hidrocarburos viscosos remanentes en tanques de almacenamiento caracteri- zado por sus operaciones de calentamiento, que posibilitan extraer los hidrocarburos y dejar segregados en el fondo del tanque la mayor parte de los contaminantes. La segregación se consigue mediante la fluidificación y el flujo hacia las líneas de succión de las capas superficiales de hidrocarburos, mientras se mantienen viscosos y estáticos los hidrocarburos más afectados por los con- taminantes del fondo del tanque. A method of selective extraction of remaining viscous hydrocarbons in storage tanks characterized by their heating operations is described below, which makes it possible to extract the hydrocarbons and leave most of the contaminants segregated at the bottom of the tank. Segregation is achieved by fluidization and the flow to the suction lines of the surface layers of hydrocarbons, while the hydrocarbons most affected by the contaminants at the bottom of the tank remain viscous and static.
La temperatura a la que se han de someter los hidrocarburos viene determinada principalmente por la reducción de viscosidad que experimentan con los calentamientos, encontrándose generalmente entre los 40 °C y los 70 °C. En cualquier caso, los hidrocarburos se deben mantener en todo momento den- tro del rango de temperaturas admisibles de almacenamiento. The temperature to which the hydrocarbons have to be subjected is mainly determined by the reduction in viscosity they experience with heating, generally between 40 ° C and 70 ° C. In any case, hydrocarbons must be maintained at all times within the range of permissible storage temperatures.
El procedimiento consta de las operaciones siguientes: The procedure consists of the following operations:
- Medidas preventivas de riesgos de incendio y explosión, que consisten en mediciones de explosividad en el interior del tanque para constatar la inexistencia de atmósferas explosivas, controles de la temperatura de los hidrocarbu- ros para evitar sobrecalentamientos y conexión a tierra de los equipos para disipar las cargas electrostáticas. - Preventive measures of fire and explosion risks, which consist of explosive measurements inside the tank to verify the absence of explosive atmospheres, controls of the temperature of the hydrocarbons to avoid overheating and grounding of the equipment to dissipate electrostatic charges
- Calentamiento mediante dispositivos situados dentro del tanque, muy próximos o integrados en las líneas de succión y separados del fondo del tanque, o si existen impedimentos para situar los dispositivos de calentamiento en el interior del tanque, calentamiento mediante dispositivos situados fuera del tanque sobre el exterior de las líneas de succión y sobre zonas contiguas a ellas de la envolvente del tanque, hasta que descienda el nivel del tanque por debajo de sus bocas de inspección y se pueda iniciar el calentamiento con los dispositivos de calentamiento situados dentro del tanque. Los dispositivos de calentamiento interiores se han de situar muy próximos a las líneas de succión, o integrados en ellas, para que la extracción de los hidrocarburos se produzca al mismo tiempo que el calentamiento y se eviten así sobrecalentamientos en el
interior del tanque. Ejemplos de dispositivos que se sitúan muy próximos a las líneas de succión son los serpentines de vapor y las resistencias eléctricas ATEX, y ejemplo de dispositivos integrados en las líneas de succión son los dispositivos de succión y calentamiento simultáneo. Estos últimos se conectan a los extremos de las mangueras de succión y disponen de dos cámaras diferenciadas, una cámara de succión por la que circulan los hidrocarburos y otra cámara de calentamiento por la que circula el vapor de agua. Los dispositivos de calentamiento interiores se han de situar separados del fondo del tanque para evitar la transferencia de calor a través del acero a amplias zonas del fon- do del tanque. Teniendo en cuenta que las conductividades y las difusividades térmicas de los hidrocarburos viscosos son muy bajas, una mínima separación entre los dispositivos de calentamiento y el fondo resulta suficiente para evitar en gran medida la transferencia de calor al fondo del tanque, con lo que se consigue mantener estáticos y ocluidos en una matriz viscosa los contaminan- tes acumulados en el fondo y no generar riesgos de fugas de hidrocarburos a través de fondos de tanques no estancos. Con el calentamiento mediante dispositivos situados fuera del tanque sobre el exterior de las líneas de succión, se consigue provocar la formación de una película aceitosa en toda la superficie interna de las tuberías o mangueras de succión, sobre la que deslizan los hi- drocarburos viscosos en su camino hacia el intercambiador de calor externo, con lo que se incrementa considerablemente el ritmo de extracción de los hidrocarburos respecto a una extracción sin calentamiento. Asimismo, contribuye a incrementar el ritmo de extracción de los hidrocarburos el calentamiento de zonas externas de la envolvente del tanque contiguas a las líneas de succión, especialmente si con el calentamiento se consigue que conecten y fluyan hidrocarburos desde la capa superficial a las líneas de succión. Un método muy efectivo de calentar externamente las líneas de succión y las zonas de la envolvente del tanque contiguas a las líneas de succión es enfundarlas con materiales plásticos o cauchos resistentes a la temperatura y hacer circular vapor de agua entre la superficie a calentar y la funda instalada. También es efectiva la utilización de mangueras y bandas calefactoras eléctricas.
- Calentamiento de la capa superficial de hidrocarburos mediante la inyección de aire caliente, que fluidifica la citada capa e induce su flujo hacia las líneas de succión. Flujo también selectivo, al ser los hidrocarburos de la capa superficial los más alejados de los contaminantes acumulados en el fondo del tanque. La inyección de aire caliente tiene el efecto añadido de ventilar el tanque e impedir así la generación de atmósferas explosivas. La inyección de aire debe realizarse minimizando las pérdidas por el techo del tanque, lo que se consigue sellando el techo del tanque e instalando un extractor de aire alejado del punto de inyección de aire y próximo a las líneas de succión. En los tan- ques de petróleo se puede inyectar el aire caliente al tanque a través de un registro del techo flotante y evacuarlo a través de otro registro al que se conecta un extractor de aire. - Heating by means of devices located inside the tank, very close or integrated in the suction lines and separated from the bottom of the tank, or if there are impediments to place the heating devices inside the tank, heating by means of devices located outside the tank on the outside the suction lines and on areas adjacent to them of the tank envelope, until the level of the tank falls below its inspection nozzles and heating can be initiated with the heating devices located inside the tank. The internal heating devices must be located very close to the suction lines, or integrated into them, so that the extraction of the hydrocarbons takes place at the same time as the heating and thus avoid overheating in the inside the tank Examples of devices that are very close to the suction lines are steam coils and ATEX electric resistors, and examples of devices integrated in the suction lines are simultaneous suction and heating devices. The latter are connected to the ends of the suction hoses and have two distinct chambers, a suction chamber through which the hydrocarbons circulate and another heating chamber through which the water vapor circulates. The internal heating devices must be located separately from the bottom of the tank to prevent heat transfer through the steel to large areas of the tank's bottom. Taking into account that the conductivities and thermal diffusivities of viscous hydrocarbons are very low, a minimal separation between the heating devices and the bottom is sufficient to greatly prevent the transfer of heat to the bottom of the tank, which is achieved keep contaminants accumulated in the bottom static and occluded in a viscous matrix and not generate risks of hydrocarbon leaks through non-tight tank bottoms. With the heating by means of devices located outside the tank on the outside of the suction lines, it is possible to cause the formation of an oily film on the entire internal surface of the suction pipes or hoses, on which the viscous hydrocarbons slide in its path to the external heat exchanger, which considerably increases the rate of extraction of hydrocarbons compared to an extraction without heating. Likewise, it helps to increase the rate of extraction of hydrocarbons by heating external areas of the tank envelope adjacent to the suction lines, especially if the heating is achieved by connecting and flowing hydrocarbons from the surface layer to the suction lines . A very effective method of externally heating the suction lines and the areas of the tank envelope adjacent to the suction lines is to cover them with temperature-resistant plastic materials or rubbers and circulate water vapor between the surface to be heated and the sheath installed. The use of hoses and electric heating bands is also effective. - Heating of the hydrocarbon surface layer through the injection of hot air, which fluidizes the said layer and induces its flow towards the suction lines. Also selective flow, since the hydrocarbons of the surface layer are the furthest from the contaminants accumulated in the bottom of the tank. The hot air injection has the added effect of ventilating the tank and thus preventing the generation of explosive atmospheres. Air injection should be done by minimizing losses from the roof of the tank, which is achieved by sealing the roof of the tank and installing an air extractor away from the air injection point and close to the suction lines. In the oil tanks, hot air can be injected into the tank through a floating roof register and evacuated through another register to which an air extractor is connected.
- Extracción, calentamiento adicional con intercambiadores de calor externos, filtrado y bombeo de los hidrocarburos al punto que se haya determinádo para tal efecto. Opcionalmente, los hidrocarburos se pueden someter a un proceso de decantación para reducir su contenido de agua. Un sistema efectivo de decantación consiste en trasvasar los hidrocarburos calientes a cisternas de transporte, para proceder, tras un tiempo de reposo, a la purga de agua de las cisternas y al transporte o trasvase de los hidrocarburos al punto que se haya determinado para tal efecto. Se podrán añadir aditivos desemulsificantes a los hidrocarburos para potenciar el efecto de decantación. - Extraction, additional heating with external heat exchangers, filtering and pumping of hydrocarbons to the point determined for this purpose. Optionally, hydrocarbons can be subjected to a decantation process to reduce their water content. An effective settling system consists in transferring the hot hydrocarbons to transport tanks, to proceed, after a rest time, to the purging of water from the tanks and to the transport or transfer of the hydrocarbons to the point that has been determined for this purpose. . Demulsifying additives may be added to the hydrocarbons to enhance the decanting effect.
- Extracción de los hidrocarburos remanentes y de los contaminantes segregados en el fondo del tanque mediante procedimientos convencionales, que serán aplicados cuando el ritmo de extracción de los hidrocarburos se ra- lentice y deje de ser ventajoso continuar la extracción selectiva. - Extraction of the remaining hydrocarbons and contaminants segregated at the bottom of the tank by conventional procedures, which will be applied when the rate of extraction of the hydrocarbons slows down and it is no longer advantageous to continue selective extraction.
El procedimiento también tiene aplicación en la extracción selectiva de hidrocarburos viscosos remanentes en tanques de almacenamiento contaminados accidentalmente con agua. Los serpentines de calentamiento deben colocarse para ello a modo de barrera de decantación en torno a los dispositivos de succión y han de tener continuidad hasta las inmediaciones del fondo del tanque para que el agua no quede retenida en los hidrocarburos viscosos y fluya hacia el fondo del tanque.
Tal como se ha indicado anteriormente, al aplicar el procedimiento de extracción selectiva, llega un momento en que el flujo de hidrocarburos hacia las líneas de succión se vuelve muy lento, lo que obliga a suspender la extracción y a dejar sin extraer en el tanque una cierta cantidad de hidrocarburos. La pre- senté invención incluye un procedimiento que añade, a las operaciones del procedimiento de extracción selectiva descrito, otras operaciones que completan la extracción de los hidrocarburos y dejan segregados en el tanque la mayor parte de los contaminantes. El análisis coste-beneficio determinará en cada caso si resulta más favorable completar la extracción de modo selectivo, tal como se describe a continuación, o emplear procedimientos convencionales de extracción. El procedimiento que completa la extracción selectiva consta de las operaciones siguientes: The process also has application in the selective extraction of viscous hydrocarbons remaining in storage tanks accidentally contaminated with water. The heating coils must be placed as a settling barrier around the suction devices and must have continuity to the vicinity of the bottom of the tank so that the water is not retained in the viscous hydrocarbons and flows to the bottom of the tank. As indicated above, when applying the selective extraction procedure, there comes a time when the flow of hydrocarbons towards the suction lines becomes very slow, forcing to suspend the extraction and leave without extracting in the tank a certain amount of hydrocarbons. The present invention includes a procedure that adds, to the operations of the selective extraction procedure described, other operations that complete the extraction of the hydrocarbons and leave most of the contaminants segregated in the tank. The cost-benefit analysis will determine in each case if it is more favorable to complete the extraction in a selective way, as described below, or to use conventional extraction procedures. The procedure that completes the selective extraction consists of the following operations:
- Medidas preventivas de riesgos de incendio y explosión, que consisten en mediciones de explosividad en el interior del tanque, controles de la tempe- ratura de los hidrocarburos y conexión a tierra de los equipos. - Preventive measures of risks of fire and explosion, which consist of explosive measurements inside the tank, controls of the temperature of the hydrocarbons and grounding of the equipment.
- Calentamiento mediante dispositivos situados dentro del tanque, muy próximos o integrados en las líneas de succión y separados del fondo del tanque, o si existen impedimentos para situar los dispositivos de calentamiento en el interior del tanque, calentamiento mediante dispositivos situados fuera del tanque sobre el exterior de las líneas de succión y sobre zonas contiguas a ellas de la envolvente del tanque, hasta que descienda el nivel del tanque por debajo de sus bocas de inspección y se pueda iniciar el calentamiento con los dispositivos de calentamiento situados dentro del tanque. - Heating by means of devices located inside the tank, very close or integrated in the suction lines and separated from the bottom of the tank, or if there are impediments to place the heating devices inside the tank, heating by means of devices located outside the tank on the outside the suction lines and on areas adjacent to them of the tank envelope, until the level of the tank falls below its inspection nozzles and heating can be initiated with the heating devices located inside the tank.
- Calentamiento de la capa superficial de hidrocarburos mediante la in- yección de aire caliente al tanque, con el efecto añadido de ventilar el tanque e impedir así la generación de atmósferas explosivas. - Heating of the hydrocarbon surface layer by injecting hot air into the tank, with the added effect of ventilating the tank and thus preventing the generation of explosive atmospheres.
- Extracción, calentamiento adicional con intercambiadores de calor externos, filtrado y bombeo de los hidrocarburos al punto que se haya determinado para tal efecto. Cuando el ritmo de extracción de los hidrocarburos se ralen- tice y deje de ser ventajoso continuar, se interrumpe la extracción, pero se mantiene la inyección de aire caliente para que no se enfríen los hidrocarburos
y conserven una viscosidad reducida que favorezca el resultado de la posterior inyección de agua caliente. - Extraction, additional heating with external heat exchangers, filtering and pumping of hydrocarbons to the point determined for this purpose. When the rate of extraction of hydrocarbons slows down and stops being advantageous to continue, the extraction is interrupted, but the injection of hot air is maintained so that hydrocarbons do not cool down and retain a reduced viscosity that favors the result of the subsequent injection of hot water.
- Inyección de agua caliente sobre los hidrocarburos calientes remanentes en el tanque, que hace que los hidrocarburos emerjan sobrenadantes por diferencia de densidades. La inyección se interrumpe cuando el agua alcance un nivel en el tanque que permita iniciar su recirculación. - Injection of hot water on the hot hydrocarbons remaining in the tank, which causes the hydrocarbons to emerge supernatants due to density differences. The injection is interrupted when the water reaches a level in the tank that allows it to start its recirculation.
- Recirculación y calentamiento del agua caliente inyectada al tanque para potenciar el efecto de emersión de los hidrocarburos. Los puntos de retorno del agua en recirculación se deben disponer alejados de las líneas de succión y se pueden ir variando para conseguir que el calentamiento de los hidrocarburos se produzca de una forma más eficaz y uniforme. Se utilizan para el calentamiento del agua los dispositivos de calentamiento instalados junto a las líneas de succión y los intercambiadores de calor externos. El calentamiento y la recirculación de agua caliente deben prolongarse hasta que finalice la posterior operación de extracción de los hidrocarburos sobrenadantes. Las dos corrientes establecidas en el tanque, una de aire caliente por encima de los hidrocarburos sobrenadantes y otra de agua caliente por debajo, deben tener sentidos que favorezcan el desplazamiento de los hidrocarburos sobrenadantes hacia las líneas de succión. - Recirculation and heating of hot water injected into the tank to enhance the effect of hydrocarbon immersion. The return points of the recirculation water must be arranged away from the suction lines and can be varied to ensure that the heating of the hydrocarbons takes place in a more efficient and uniform way. The heating devices installed next to the suction lines and external heat exchangers are used for water heating. The heating and recirculation of hot water should continue until the subsequent operation of extracting the supernatant hydrocarbons is completed. The two currents established in the tank, one of hot air above the supernatant hydrocarbons and another of hot water below, must have senses that favor the displacement of the supernatant hydrocarbons towards the suction lines.
- Extracción de los hidrocarburos sobrenadantes mediante aspiradores superficiales ("skimmers"), filtrado, decantación y bombeo al punto que se haya determinado para tal efecto. - Extraction of supernatant hydrocarbons by means of surface vacuum cleaners ("skimmers"), filtering, decanting and pumping to the point determined for this purpose.
- Extracción del agua y de los contaminantes segregados en el fondo del tanque mediante procedimientos convencionales. - Extraction of water and contaminants segregated at the bottom of the tank by conventional procedures.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA FIGURA ADJUNTA DESCRIPTION OF THE ATTACHED FIGURE
La figura 1 facilita la explicación del procedimiento de extracción selectiva objeto de la invención. En ella se representa el tanque de almacenamiento -1-, en el que se instala la tapa de conexión de mangueras -2-. El vapor de agua generado en la caldera -3- circula por los dispositivos de succión y calentamiento simultáneo -4- y por el intercambiador de calor externo -5-, retornando
el agua saliente de los purgadores al depósito de agua de la caldera -6-. El ventilador centrífugo -7- inyecta aire al tanque a través del calentador eléctrico -8-, mientras otro ventilador centrífugo -9- extrae del tanque una cantidad de aire equivalente y lo libera a la atmósfera. Los hidrocarburos extraídos y calen- tados en el intercambiador de calor externo pasan por la unidad filtrante -10- y son trasvasados con la bomba -11- a la cisterna de transporte -12-. Figure 1 facilitates the explanation of the selective extraction process object of the invention. It represents the storage tank -1-, in which the hose connection cover -2- is installed. The water vapor generated in the boiler -3- circulates through the simultaneous suction and heating devices -4- and through the external heat exchanger -5-, returning the outgoing water from the traps to the boiler water tank -6-. The centrifugal fan -7- injects air into the tank through the electric heater -8-, while another centrifugal fan -9- extracts an equivalent amount of air from the tank and releases it into the atmosphere. The hydrocarbons extracted and heated in the external heat exchanger pass through the filter unit -10- and are transferred with the pump -11- to the transport tank -12-.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE UNA REALIZACIÓN PREFERENTE DE LA INVENCIÓN Un ejemplo representativo de realización del procedimiento se presenta en la extracción selectiva de los hidrocarburos remanentes en un tanque de fueloil. A la vista de la figura 1 , la secuencia de operaciones es la siguiente: DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION A representative example of carrying out the process is presented in the selective extraction of the remaining hydrocarbons in a fuel oil tank. In view of Figure 1, the sequence of operations is as follows:
- Medidas preventivas de riesgos de incendio y explosión, que consisten en mediciones de explosividad en el interior del tanque, controles de la tempe- ratura del fueloil y conexión a tierra de los equipos. - Preventive measures of fire and explosion risks, which consist of explosive measurements inside the tank, controls of the fuel oil temperature and grounding of the equipment.
- Calentamiento del fueloil con dispositivos de succión y calentamiento simultáneo, que evitan sobrecalentamientos en el interior del tanque, y situados sobre apoyos para evitar la transferencia de calor al fondo del tanque. - Heating of the fuel oil with simultaneous suction and heating devices, which prevent overheating inside the tank, and placed on supports to prevent heat transfer to the bottom of the tank.
- Calentamiento de la capa superficial de fueloil y ventilación del tanque mediante la inyección de aire caliente, utilizándose para ello un ventilador centrífugo y un calentador eléctrico. Se instala un extractor de aire en la tapa de conexiones para evacuar del tanque una cantidad de aire equivalente al inyectado y minimizar las pérdidas de calor por el techo del tanque. - Heating of the surface layer of fuel oil and ventilation of the tank by injecting hot air, using a centrifugal fan and an electric heater. An air extractor is installed in the connection cover to evacuate an amount of air equivalent to that injected from the tank and minimize heat losses from the tank roof.
- Extracción, calentamiento adicional con un intercambiador de calor ex- temo, filtrado y bombeo del fueloil a cisternas de transporte. Las cisternas también pueden utilizarse como decantadores; en tal caso, se purgan de agua las cisternas tras un tiempo en reposo. - Extraction, additional heating with an external heat exchanger, filtering and pumping of fuel oil to transport tanks. The tanks can also be used as decanters; in this case, the tanks are purged of water after a resting time.
- Una vez que el ritmo de extracción se ralentice e impida proseguir con un ritmo aceptable de carga de cisternas, se procede a la extracción del fueloil remanente y de los contaminantes segregados en el fondo del tanque mediante procedimientos convencionales o utilizando el procedimiento que establece la reivindicación 2 de la presente invención y su correspondiente descripción.
- Once the extraction rate slows down and prevents continuing with an acceptable rate of tank loading, the remaining fuel oil and contaminants segregated at the bottom of the tank are removed by conventional procedures or using the procedure established by the claim 2 of the present invention and its corresponding description.
Claims
1.- Procedimiento de extracción selectiva de hidrocarburos viscosos remanentes en tanques de almacenamiento, caracterizado por incluir operacio- nes de calentamiento que posibilitan extraer los hidrocarburos y dejar segregados en el fondo del tanque la mayor parte de los contaminantes. El procedimiento consta de las operaciones siguientes: 1.- Procedure for the selective extraction of viscous hydrocarbons remaining in storage tanks, characterized by including heating operations that make it possible to extract the hydrocarbons and leave most of the contaminants segregated at the bottom of the tank. The procedure consists of the following operations:
- Medidas preventivas de riesgos de incendio y explosión, que consisten en mediciones de explosividad en el interior del tanque, controles de la tempe- ratura de los hidrocarburos y conexión a tierra de los equipos. - Preventive measures of risks of fire and explosion, which consist of explosive measurements inside the tank, controls of the temperature of the hydrocarbons and grounding of the equipment.
- Calentamiento mediante dispositivos situados dentro del tanque, muy próximos o integrados en las líneas de succión y separados del fondo del tanque, o mediante dispositivos situados fuera del tanque sobre el exterior de las líneas de succión y sobre zonas contiguas a ellas de la envolvente del tanque. - Heating by means of devices located inside the tank, very close to or integrated in the suction lines and separated from the bottom of the tank, or by devices located outside the tank on the outside of the suction lines and on areas adjacent to them from the envelope of the tank. tank.
- Calentamiento de la capa superficial de hidrocarburos mediante la inyección de aire caliente al tanque, con el efecto añadido de ventilar el tanque e impedir así la generación de atmósferas explosivas. - Heating of the hydrocarbon surface layer by injecting hot air into the tank, with the added effect of ventilating the tank and thus preventing the generation of explosive atmospheres.
- Extracción, calentamiento adicional con intercambiadores de calor externos, filtrado y bombeo de los hidrocarburos al punto que se haya determina- do para tal efecto, hasta que el ritmo de extracción de los hidrocarburos se ra- lentice y deje de ser ventajoso continuar la extracción selectiva. - Extraction, additional heating with external heat exchangers, filtering and pumping of the hydrocarbons to the point determined for this purpose, until the rate of extraction of the hydrocarbons slows down and it is no longer advantageous to continue the extraction selective
- Extracción de los hidrocarburos remanentes y de los contaminantes segregados en el fondo del tanque mediante procedimientos convencionales. - Extraction of the remaining hydrocarbons and the contaminants segregated at the bottom of the tank by conventional procedures.
2.- Procedimiento de extracción selectiva de hidrocarburos viscosos remanentes en tanques de almacenamiento caracterizado por añadir, a las operaciones del procedimiento de extracción selectiva de la reivindicación 1 , otras operaciones que completan la extracción de los hidrocarburos y dejan segregados en el tanque la mayor parte de los contaminantes. El procedimiento consta de las operaciones siguientes:
- Medidas preventivas de riesgos de incendio y explosión, que consisten en mediciones de explosividad en el interior del tanque, controles de la temperatura de los hidrocarburos y conexión a tierra de los equipos. 2. Procedure for the selective extraction of viscous hydrocarbons remaining in storage tanks characterized by adding, to the operations of the selective extraction procedure of claim 1, other operations that complete the extraction of the hydrocarbons and leave most of them segregated in the tank of pollutants The procedure consists of the following operations: - Preventive measures of fire and explosion risks, which consist of explosive measurements inside the tank, hydrocarbon temperature controls and equipment grounding.
- Calentamiento mediante dispositivos situados dentro del tanque, muy próximos o integrados en las líneas de succión y separados del fondo del tanque, o mediante dispositivos situados fuera del tanque sobre el exterior de las líneas de succión y sobre zonas contiguas a ellas de la envolvente del tanque. - Heating by means of devices located inside the tank, very close to or integrated in the suction lines and separated from the bottom of the tank, or by devices located outside the tank on the outside of the suction lines and on areas adjacent to them from the envelope of the tank. tank.
- Calentamiento de la capa superficial de hidrocarburos mediante la inyección de aire caliente al tanque, con el efecto añadido de ventilar el tanque e impedir así la generación de atmósferas explosivas. - Heating of the hydrocarbon surface layer by injecting hot air into the tank, with the added effect of ventilating the tank and thus preventing the generation of explosive atmospheres.
- Extracción, calentamiento adicional con intercambiadores de calor externos, filtrado y bombeo de los hidrocarburos al punto que se haya determinado para tal efecto. Cuando el ritmo de extracción de los hidrocarburos se ralen- tice y deje de ser ventajoso continuar, se interrumpe la extracción, pero se mantiene la inyección de aire caliente. - Extraction, additional heating with external heat exchangers, filtering and pumping of hydrocarbons to the point determined for this purpose. When the rate of extraction of the hydrocarbons slows down and stops being advantageous to continue, the extraction is interrupted, but the hot air injection is maintained.
- Inyección de agua caliente sobre los hidrocarburos calientes remanentes en el tanque. La inyección se interrumpe cuando el agua alcance un nivel en el tanque que permita iniciar su recirculación. - Injection of hot water on the hot hydrocarbons remaining in the tank. The injection is interrupted when the water reaches a level in the tank that allows it to start its recirculation.
- Recirculación y calentamiento del agua caliente inyectada al tanque. Las dos corrientes establecidas en el tanque, una de aire caliente por encima de los hidrocarburos sobrenadantes y otra de agua caliente por debajo, deben tener sentidos que favorezcan el desplazamiento de los hidrocarburos sobrenadantes hacia las líneas de succión. - Recirculation and heating of hot water injected into the tank. The two currents established in the tank, one of hot air above the supernatant hydrocarbons and another of hot water below, must have senses that favor the displacement of the supernatant hydrocarbons towards the suction lines.
- Extracción de los hidrocarburos sobrenadantes mediante aspiradores superficiales ("skimmers"), filtrado, decantación y bombeo al punto que se haya determinado para tal efecto. - Extraction of supernatant hydrocarbons by means of surface vacuum cleaners ("skimmers"), filtering, decanting and pumping to the point determined for this purpose.
- Extracción del agua y de los contaminantes segregados en el fondo del tanque mediante procedimientos convencionales.
- Extraction of water and contaminants segregated at the bottom of the tank by conventional procedures.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ESP201400060 | 2014-01-24 | ||
| ES201400060A ES2544575B1 (en) | 2014-01-24 | 2014-01-24 | Selective extraction procedure for viscous hydrocarbons remaining in storage tanks |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2015110679A1 true WO2015110679A1 (en) | 2015-07-30 |
Family
ID=53680867
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/ES2015/000010 WO2015110679A1 (en) | 2014-01-24 | 2015-01-22 | Method for the selective extraction of remaining viscous hydrocarbons in storage tanks |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| ES (1) | ES2544575B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2015110679A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NO20221058A1 (en) * | 2022-10-04 | 2024-04-05 | Frank Ecos As | Vacuum separator, waste and recycling unit |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2629156B1 (en) * | 2016-01-07 | 2018-07-27 | Symiceis 2014, S.L. | Extraction procedure for viscous hydrocarbons remaining in tanks and pipes |
| ES2796092B2 (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2021-07-05 | Cuetos Evaristo Fontecha | SYSTEM AND PROCEDURE FOR THE SELECTIVE EXTRACTION OF VISCOSE HYDRO-CARBIDE FROM TANKS AND OTHER CONTAINERS |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3874399A (en) * | 1972-07-03 | 1975-04-01 | Fuji Oil Co Ltd | Delivery system for high melting point oils in a tank |
| GB2101475A (en) * | 1981-07-15 | 1983-01-19 | British Petroleum Co Plc | Method for cleaning storage tanks |
| US5085242A (en) * | 1989-02-01 | 1992-02-04 | Great Eastern (Bermuda) Ltd. | Method and apparatus for the removal of black oil residues from tanks |
| ES2391183A1 (en) * | 2011-04-28 | 2012-11-22 | Evaristo Fontecha Cuetos | Method for selective extraction of high-viscosity hydrocarbons remaining at the bottom of storage tanks |
-
2014
- 2014-01-24 ES ES201400060A patent/ES2544575B1/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
-
2015
- 2015-01-22 WO PCT/ES2015/000010 patent/WO2015110679A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3874399A (en) * | 1972-07-03 | 1975-04-01 | Fuji Oil Co Ltd | Delivery system for high melting point oils in a tank |
| GB2101475A (en) * | 1981-07-15 | 1983-01-19 | British Petroleum Co Plc | Method for cleaning storage tanks |
| US5085242A (en) * | 1989-02-01 | 1992-02-04 | Great Eastern (Bermuda) Ltd. | Method and apparatus for the removal of black oil residues from tanks |
| ES2391183A1 (en) * | 2011-04-28 | 2012-11-22 | Evaristo Fontecha Cuetos | Method for selective extraction of high-viscosity hydrocarbons remaining at the bottom of storage tanks |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NO20221058A1 (en) * | 2022-10-04 | 2024-04-05 | Frank Ecos As | Vacuum separator, waste and recycling unit |
| NO348033B1 (en) * | 2022-10-04 | 2024-06-24 | Frank Ecos As | Combined vacuum cleaner, three-phase separator and tank washing system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2544575A1 (en) | 2015-09-01 |
| ES2544575B1 (en) | 2016-06-29 |
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