WO2015109762A1 - 玉米剥皮机 - Google Patents

玉米剥皮机 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2015109762A1
WO2015109762A1 PCT/CN2014/081377 CN2014081377W WO2015109762A1 WO 2015109762 A1 WO2015109762 A1 WO 2015109762A1 CN 2014081377 W CN2014081377 W CN 2014081377W WO 2015109762 A1 WO2015109762 A1 WO 2015109762A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
peeling
roller
stripping
corn
disposed
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2014/081377
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘新生
刑化刚
田丰韬
王春洋
Original Assignee
山东明沃机械有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 山东明沃机械有限公司 filed Critical 山东明沃机械有限公司
Publication of WO2015109762A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015109762A1/zh

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
    • A01F11/00—Threshing apparatus specially adapted for maize; Threshing apparatus specially adapted for particular crops other than cereals
    • A01F11/06—Threshing apparatus specially adapted for maize; Threshing apparatus specially adapted for particular crops other than cereals for maize, e.g. removing kernels from cobs

Definitions

  • the utility model belongs to the technical field of corn harvesters, in particular to a corn peeling machine.
  • corn As the main crops, corn is widely distributed in China's domestically produced areas. The planting area is large, and the annual planting area is about 3000 million. Due to the difference in corn varieties, climate and agronomy, the dry climate areas can be directly threshed, and the low-temperature and rainy areas need to be harvested. Peeling, drying, and then threshing. Now the direct corn threshing technology is still immature. Most of the harvesting is carried out by segmentation and combined harvesting. The harvesting is to cut, lay, and dry, then mechanically or manually picking and peeling, and finally Degranulation; or use a corn combine harvester to achieve picking of the poles, then peeling, drying or not drying, and then threshing. Regardless of the segmentation or combined harvesting, the debarkers used have the following problems:
  • the rotation of the peeling roller is transmitted to one of the peeling rollers through the power unit, and then the gears for transmission are provided by the gears for driving on the peeling roller, and the gears are all disposed on the same one of each peeling roller.
  • the position that is, all the gears in the same plane after installation, when one of the gears is damaged, it will affect the normal operation of all the other peeling rollers, resulting in the whole peeling device not working, thus affecting the production efficiency.
  • the types of pressure feeds used for the pressure feeding of corn ears are various, but they are all pressureful pieces with high hardness, so that when the leaves of corn ears are peeled under the action of the pressure feed parts, The harder pressure parts are easy to damage the corn kernels, causing waste of food and production.
  • the gap between the pressure feed and the peeling device is fixed, which not only causes damage to the corn kernels on the large corn ears.
  • Utility model content Utility model content
  • the purpose of the utility model is to provide a corn peeling machine, which has the effects of good peeling effect, low grain breakage rate, stable and reliable performance and high production efficiency.
  • a corn peeling machine comprising a plurality of peeling rollers and a mounting frame, wherein the mounting frame is provided with a peeling roller mounting mechanism for mounting a plurality of the peeling rollers;
  • the mounting bracket at one end of the peeling roller is provided with a peeling transmission device for driving a plurality of the peeling rollers to run and peel; the ends of the plurality of peeling rollers are disposed on the mounting bracket and are used for removing the winding and peeling
  • a cleaning device for the raking leaves on the roller a pressure feeding device for squeezing the corn ears with a corresponding position above the mounting frame and corresponding to the plurality of peeling rollers.
  • the peeling roller mounting mechanism includes a plurality of sets of peeling roller sets disposed on the mounting frame, and each set of the peeling roller set includes four stripping rollers disposed in the same plane, each set of The two stripping roller ends in the middle of the stripping roller group are mounted on the fixing plate through a bearing seat, and the fixing plate is fixedly mounted on the mounting frame, and two of the stripping roller groups in each group are located on the outer side.
  • the end of the stripping roller is disposed on a connecting plate through a bearing seat, and the connecting plates are respectively disposed on an adjusting shaft, and a central portion of the adjusting shaft has a shoulder, and each connecting plate and the connecting plate A compression spring is clamped between the shoulders, and the connecting plate is hinged to the mounting frame by a pin. Under the action of the compression spring, the stripping of the set of the stripping roller groups is located outside. A stripping gap is formed between the roller and the adjacent stripping roller.
  • the fixing surface is provided with two bearing seats for accommodating the shaft seat.
  • the holes are provided with a clearance fit between each of the bearing seats on the fixing plate and the fixing plate.
  • Two bearings are arranged side by side in each of the bearing housings, and each end of the bearing housing is provided with a blocking element for dustproofing, and the blocking element is a rubber plug cover.
  • the peeling transmission device comprises one of two peeling rollers in the middle of each group of the stripping roller set as an active peeling roller for power input, and the other peeling roller and the active peeling roller pass through the gear The transmission is connected, the gears of each set of the stripping roller set are located in the same plane, and the planes of the gears of the adjacent two sets of the stripping roller sets are staggered.
  • the active stripping rollers of each set of the stripping roller sets pass through a cone
  • the gear pair is coupled to a drive shaft driven by the power unit;
  • the bevel gear pair includes a driving bevel gear disposed on the drive shaft and a driven bevel gear disposed on the active peeling roller, the driving bevel gear set and
  • Each of the driving bevel gears is abutted by a positioning sleeve and positioned on the transmission shaft, and the positioning sleeve is sleeved on the transmission shaft and is mounted on the transmission by a fastener. On the shaft.
  • the active stripping rollers of each set of the stripping roller set are sequentially connected by a chain drive; the end of the active stripping roller is provided with a supporting block, and the supporting block is disposed on the mounting bracket on.
  • the de-doping device includes a fender disposed above the ends of the plurality of peeling rolls and mounted on the mounting frame; the bottom of the stripping roller is provided at the lower end for removing the winding at the end of the peeling roller
  • the removing roller of the upper rafter is rotatably mounted on the mounting frame, and an axis of the removing roller is disposed perpendicular to an axis of the peeling roller.
  • the removing roller comprises a rotating shaft mounted on the mounting frame, and the annular array on the rotating shaft has a plurality of removing plates, and each of the removing plates is provided with a corresponding setting a groove, each of the first four grooves is disposed corresponding to two adjacent stripping rollers; the guard plate is provided with a plurality of second grooves, and the second groove is provided with the stripping roller A corresponding setting.
  • the pressure feeding device includes a star wheel frame disposed on the mounting frame, and the star wheel frame is rotatably mounted with a plurality of rotating shafts driven by the power device, and each of the rotating shafts is provided with a plurality of axial directions.
  • a distributed pressure transmitting star wheel the pressure transmitting star wheel includes a star wheel body, and the star wheel body is provided with a plurality of teeth made of a rubber material and integrated with the star wheel body, and the dialing teeth a tooth spiral is disposed on an outer surface of the star wheel body, each of the teeth is disposed along a radial direction of the star wheel body; and the plurality of the pressure star wheels on the two adjacent rotating shafts are mutually arranged .
  • the adjusting device comprises an adjusting plate disposed on the side wall of the mounting frame, the adjusting plate is hinged with a first handle, and the first handle is hinged with a first supporting plate connected with the star wheel frame;
  • the adjusting plate is provided with a plurality of first adjusting holes, the first handle is provided with a first locking element matched with the first adjusting hole;
  • the second adjusting device comprises a hinged side wall of the mounting frame a second handle, a second support plate is hinged on the second handle, and a fixed plate connected to the star carrier is disposed at the other end of the second support plate;
  • a plurality of second adjusting holes are disposed on the side wall of the mounting frame, and the second handle is provided with a second locking element that cooperates with the second adjusting hole.
  • the mounting frame is provided with a peeling roller mounting mechanism; the mounting frame at one end of the plurality of peeling rollers is provided with a peeling transmission device; the other end of the plurality of peeling rollers is provided with a removing device; meanwhile, the mounting frame is above and associated with the plurality of The corresponding position of the stripping roller is provided with a pressure feeding device; thereby, the stripping roller mounting mechanism avoids the problem that the stripping roller causes uneven bearing stress on the bearing seat during the work, and wear phenomenon occurs, thereby reducing the service life of the bearing, supplemented by The removing device removes the raking leaves wound on the peeling roller, so that the bearing is subjected to the force during work, further ensuring the service life of the bearing, and the performance of the corn peeling machine is stable and reliable; the peeling roller ensures the normal operation of the peeling roller Moreover, the production efficiency and the peeling effect of the corn peeling machine are ensured; the grain feeding on the corn ear is prevented by the pressure feeding device, and the partial pressure
  • the peeling roller Since there is a clearance fit between each bearing seat and the fixed plate on the fixing plate, there is a movable amount between the fixing plate and the bearing seat, and then the peeling roller removes the eucalyptus leaves from the corn ear, and if there is a eucalyptus leaf Wrapped on the peeling roller, after the two peeling rollers are squeezed, the peeling roller drives the bearing seat to shift within the movable amount, ensuring that the bearing on the bearing seat is evenly stressed during the working process, and the bearing seat is avoided.
  • the position on the mounting bracket is fixed, causing the adjacent stripping rollers with the crepe leaves to be squeezed during the working process, resulting in uneven bearing stress, which affects the service life of the bearing; Bearings, so that the force generated by the peeling roller during the working process, through the two bearings, the distribution is more reasonable, so that the bearing force is more uniform; because the bearing seat is provided with blocking components, thereby preventing dust by blocking components.
  • the entry of people affects the normal operation of the shaft 7
  • the drive shaft is provided with a positioning sleeve that abuts and positions the driving bevel gear, and the positioning sleeve is mounted on the transmission shaft through the fastener, the engagement of the driving bevel gear and the driven bevel gear is ensured by the positioning sleeve and the fastener.
  • the lateral movement of the force affects the normal work.
  • the end of the active peeling roller is provided with a support block, the working strength of the peeling roller in the working tension and torsion is increased by the supporting block.
  • a stripping roller is arranged below the end of the stripping roller, so that the flap is prevented from being excessively wound on the end of the stripping roller by the guard plate, and then the stripping roller is wound by the removing roller.
  • the eucalyptus leaves on the end are removed to prevent the raking leaves peeled off from the corn ears from being entangled on the peeling rolls, causing the adjacent two peeling rolls to squeeze or jam each other during the rotation, thereby affecting the normal work, and effectively improving
  • the raking leaves wound on the end of the peeling roller are removed, and the adjacent two peeling rollers do not interfere with each other, and the bearing supporting the peeling roller is evenly stressed during work, thereby avoiding the occurrence of wear and greatly improving the bearing. Service life.
  • the removing roller Since the first groove is provided on the removing plate of the removing roller, and the first groove is disposed corresponding to the adjacent two peeling rollers, thereby passing the first groove, the removing roller is closer to the end of the peeling roller, and then The raking leaves which are wound on the end of the peeling roller are realized by different turning of the ends of the removing roller and the peeling roller, the structure is simple, the effect of removing the raking leaves is good; the second groove is provided on the guard plate, and the second groove and the peeling roller are provided —— Corresponding arrangement, so that through the second groove, the guard plate is closer to the straight groove portion and effectively prevents the raking leaves from being excessively wound on the peeling roller, which lays a foundation for removing the raking leaves wound on the peeling roller.
  • the pressure feed star wheel comprises a star wheel body and a plurality of teeth made of a rubber material arranged radially on the star wheel body, and a plurality of teeth are spirally distributed on the outer surface of the star wheel body, thereby pressing the corn ear
  • the teeth of the rubber material are protected by the teeth of the rubber material, and the grain of the corn ear is protected from damage, and the grain yield is effectively guaranteed.
  • the elasticity of the rubber material is used to ensure not only the large corn ear.
  • the corn kernels are not damaged, and the peeling effect of the small corn ears can be ensured, and the partial pressure feeding can be realized.
  • the corn ears are rotated in the same direction by the helically distributed teeth. And the completion of the pressure delivery, to ensure the uniformity in the pressure feeding process, and is conducive to peeling.
  • the peeling roller mounting frame is provided with a first adjusting device and a second adjusting device for adjusting the height of the star wheel frame, it is ensured by adjusting the first adjusting device and the second adjusting device according to different harvest seasons and corn maturity.
  • the peeling effect of the corn peeling machine improves the adaptability of the corn peeling machine; the structure is simple, the adjustment is convenient, and the time and labor are saved.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is an A-direction view of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of the intermediate peeling roller of Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of the outer peeling roller of Figure 2;
  • Figure 5 is an enlarged view of B in Figure 3;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural view of the fixing plate of Figure 2;
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural view of the first embodiment of the stripping transmission device of Figure 1;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural view of the second embodiment of the stripping transmission device of Figure 1;
  • Figure 9 is a schematic structural view of the third embodiment of the stripping transmission device of Figure 1;
  • Figure 10 is a schematic structural view of the impurity removing device of Figure 1;
  • Figure 11 is a C-C view of Figure 10
  • Figure 12 is a schematic structural view of the pressure feeding device of Figure 1;
  • Figure 14 is a schematic structural view of the pressure transmitting star wheel of Figure 12;
  • Figure 15 is a left side view of Figure 14;
  • Figure 16 is a cross-sectional view taken along line G-G of Figure 14;
  • Figure 18 is an enlarged view of F in Figure 12;
  • 1-peeling transmission device 2-first adjustment device; 3-pressure feeding device; 4-mounting frame; 5-doping device; 6-second adjusting device; 7-peeling roller; 8-fixing plate; 9-connecting plate; 10-adjusting shaft; 1 1- first pin shaft; 12-shaft shoulder; 1 3 - compression spring; 14 - bearing seat; 15-blocking cover; 16-bearing; 17 - bolt hole; Peeling roller mounting mechanism; 19-coupling; 20-passive bevel gear; 21-acting bevel gear; 22-positioning sleeve; 23-drive shaft; 24-active peeling roller; 25-overload clutch; 26-fish scale stripping; 27-helix Peeling part; 28-stretched part; 29-straight groove part; 30-gear; 31-double row sprocket; 32-support block; 33-drive chain; 34-guard plate; 35 - de-wound roller; a groove; 37 - removing plate; 38 - second groove; 39 - first shaft; 40 - second shaft;
  • the ends of the two stripping rollers 7 located on the outer side of each group of stripping rollers are disposed on a connecting plate 9 through a bearing housing 14, the bearing housing 14 is integrated with the connecting plate 9, and the two connecting plates 9 are all set in an adjustment.
  • a middle portion of the adjusting shaft 10 has a shoulder 12, and a compression spring 13 is clamped between each connecting plate 9 and the shoulder 12, and both ends of the adjusting shaft 10 are screwed for adjusting the compression spring.
  • the peeling roller 7 has a clearance fit between the fixing plate 8 and the bearing housing 14, so that a certain amount of movement exists between the fixing plate 8 and the bearing housing 14, and then the crucible is removed.
  • the stripping roller 7 drives the bearing housing 14 to shift within the amount of movement, thereby ensuring that the bearing 16 on the bearing housing 14 is During the working process, the force is hooked, and the position of the bearing seat 14 on the mounting frame 4 is prevented from being fixed, so that the adjacent stripping rollers 7 wound with the rakes are pressed against each other during operation, resulting in uneven bearing force of the bearing 16.
  • the active stripping sticks 24 of each group of stripping sticks are connected by a bevel gear pair to a drive shaft 23 driven by a power unit, the bevel gear pair including a driving bevel gear 21 disposed on the propeller shaft 23 and being disposed on the active stripping roller 24.
  • the driven bevel gear 20 is disposed on the drive shaft 23, and each of the driving bevel gears 21 is abutted by a positioning sleeve 22 and positioned on the transmission shaft 23, and the positioning sleeve 22 is fitted on the transmission shaft 23.
  • the fastener shaft 23 is mounted on the transmission shaft 23, and the transmission shaft 23 can also be two short transmission shafts connected together through the coupling 19, and the transmission shaft 23 is provided with a dental embedded type for safety protection. Clutch 25.
  • the second embodiment of the peeling transmission device 1 includes an active input peeling roller 24, which is one of two peeling rollers 7 in the middle of each group of peeling rollers, and the like. Both the stripping roller 7 and the active stripping roller 24 are drivingly connected by a gear 30.
  • the gears 30 of each group of stripping rollers are located in the same plane, and the planes of the gears 30 of the adjacent two sets of stripping rollers are staggered.
  • the double-row sprocket 31 is disposed on the active stripping roller 24 of each group of stripping rollers, and the two rows of sprocket 31 of the two groups are sequentially connected by the transmission chain 33, and the adjacent two chains 33 are staggered.
  • One end of each of the active peeling rolls 24 provided with the double-row sprocket 31 is provided with a support block 32 which is disposed on the mounting frame 4.
  • the active peeling roller 24 includes a fish scale stripping portion 26, a strong drawing portion 28 and a straight groove portion 29 which are disposed in sequence, and the peeling roller 7 located outside and engaged with the active peeling roller 24 includes a spiral stripping portion which is sequentially disposed 27 and a straight groove portion 29, the other peeling roller ⁇ in the intermediate position adjacent to the active peeling roller 24 in the stripping roller group includes a spiral stripping portion 27 and a straight groove portion 29 which are sequentially disposed, and the other is located in each group of peeling rollers
  • the peeling roller 7 on the outer side of the group includes the fish scale stripping portion 27, the strong drawing portion 28, and the straight groove portion 29 which are sequentially disposed. As described above, the peeling roller 7 having the fish scale stripping portion 26 is spaced apart from the peeling roller 7 having the spiral stripping portion 27. Alternate settings.
  • the third embodiment of the stripping transmission device 1 has the same structure as that of the second embodiment, and the difference is that the active stripping roller 24 includes a spiral stripping portion 27 and a straight groove portion 29 which are sequentially disposed, and the stripping roller group
  • the peeling roller 7 located outside and engaged with the active peeling roller 24 includes a fish scale stripping portion 26, a strong drawing portion 18 and a straight groove portion 29 which are disposed in this order, and the other of the stripping roller groups adjacent to the active peeling roller 24 is located
  • the peeling roller 7 in the intermediate position includes the fish scale stripping portion 26, the strong drawing portion 28 and the straight groove portion 29 which are disposed in order, and the other peeling roller 7 located outside each group of the peeling roller group includes the spiral stripping portion 27 and the straight groove portion which are sequentially disposed. 29, in summary, the peeling roller 7 having the fish scale stripping portion 26 is alternately disposed with the peeling roller 7 having the spiral peeling portion 27.
  • the rotating portions of the driving active peeling rollers 24 of the above three embodiments can be replaced with each other; at the same time, the fish scale stripping portion 26, the strong drawing portion 28 and the spiral stripping portion 27 have left-handed and right-handed points, which can be adjusted and combined according to actual needs.
  • the first embodiment is suitable for harvesting corn ears in the dry yellow period; the second embodiment and the third embodiment are suitable for harvesting corn ears in the yellow and yellow period.
  • the harvested corn ears After the harvested corn ears enter the stripping transmission, they are stripped by a plurality of stripping rollers 7, since each of the four stripping rollers 7 is set as a group, and four of the gears 30 for each of the groups are on the same line, The gears 30 of the adjacent two groups are staggered, so that when one of the gears 30 is damaged, only the transmission of the group is affected, and the stripping rollers 7 of the other groups are normally operated. Compared with the conventional one, the entire gear 30 is prevented from being damaged.
  • the peeling device can not work; at the same time, depending on the harvest season or the maturity of the corn ears, the corn peeling machine with the appropriate peeling roller 7 is selected to improve the applicability of the corn peeling machine and effectively improve the peeling effect. Reduced damage to kernels of corn ears.
  • the cleaning device 5 includes a cleaning roller 35 disposed under the plurality of straight groove portions 29 for removing the entangled leaves wound on the straight groove portion 29, and the cleaning roller 35 is mounted.
  • a plurality of straight groove portions 29 are provided with a guard plate 34 mounted on the mounting bracket 4, and one end of the guard plate 34 is flush with the mounting end of the straight groove portion 29, and the guard plate.
  • One end extends to the middle of the straight groove portion 29; the de-wound roller 5 is disposed corresponding to one end of the fender 4 extending to the middle of the straight groove portion 3, and the axis of the de-wound roller 5 is disposed perpendicular to the axis of the peeling roller 7.
  • the removing roller 35 includes a first rotating shaft 39 rotatably mounted on the mounting frame 4.
  • the annular array on the first rotating shaft 39 has a plurality of removing plates 37, and each of the removing plates 37 is provided with a corresponding first concave
  • the groove 36, each of the first grooves 36 is disposed corresponding to the adjacent two straight groove portions 29; the guard plate 34 is provided with a plurality of second grooves 38, and the second groove 38 and the straight groove portion 29 are Corresponding settings.
  • the pressure feeding device 3 includes a star carrier 41 mounted on the mounting frame 4, and the star carrier 41 is rotatably mounted with a plurality of second rotating shafts 40 driven by the power unit.
  • Each of the second rotating shafts 40 extends from the same side of the star carrier 41.
  • Each of the second rotating shafts 40 extends from one end of the star carrier 41 and is provided with a sprocket 52 connected to the power unit.
  • the power unit is a motor or a drive sprocket. 52 other rotating power sources, each of the second rotating shafts 40 is provided with a plurality of axially distributed pressure transmitting star wheels 49.
  • the pressure transmitting star wheels 49 include a star wheel body 54 having a plurality of a tooth 53 made of a rubber material and integrated with the star wheel body 54.
  • a plurality of teeth 53 are spirally distributed on the outer surface of the star wheel body 54, and each of the teeth 53 is disposed along the radial direction of the star wheel body 54 (see Figure 14, Figure 15, and Figure 16); the thousands of pressure transmitting star wheels 49 on the adjacent two second rotating shafts 40 are disposed to cross each other.
  • the corn ear entry end of the mounting frame 4 is provided with a slanted slide 45, and the slide 45 is provided with a guide plate 44 for diverting the corn ears, and the lower end of the slide 45 is lower than the second rotating shaft 40.
  • the two ends of the star wheel frame 41 are respectively provided with a dialing roller 47 and a feeding roller 50 which are disposed in parallel with the second rotating shaft 40.
  • the dialing roller 47 is adjacent to the sliding plate 45, and the dialing roller 47 is provided with a plurality of axial directions.
  • each mounting block is provided with a rubber strip 48 for tearing the upper leaves of the corn ears, and two adjacent mounting blocks are staggered and form a working angle;
  • the feeding roller 50 is provided with a plurality of axial settings In the feeding plate 51 for throwing the corn ears, the adjacent two feeding plates 51 are alternately arranged, and the sides of the two feeding plates 51 which are close to each other are in the same plane to achieve seamless feeding.
  • the first adjustment device 2 for adjusting the height of the star frame 41 is provided on both sides of the corn ear entry end of the mounting frame 4, and the first adjustment device 2 includes an adjustment plate 42 disposed on the side wall of the mounting frame 4, the adjustment A first handle 57 is hinged on the disk 42 via a first hinge shaft 56. The first handle 57 is hinged with a first support plate 58 connected to the star frame 41.
  • the adjustment plate 42 is provided with a plurality of first adjustment holes 43.
  • the first handle 57 is provided with a first locking element that cooperates with the first adjustment hole 43 .
  • the first locking element is preferably a second pin 55 (see FIG.
  • a second adjusting device 6 for adjusting the height of the star frame 41 is disposed on both sides of the mounting frame 4, and the second adjusting device 6 includes a second handle hinged on the side wall of the mounting frame 4 via the second hinge shaft 62. 59.
  • the second handle 59 is hinged with a second support plate 61.
  • the other end of the second support plate 61 is provided with a top plate 60 connected to the star frame 41.
  • the second side of the mounting frame 4 is provided with a second adjustment.
  • a hole 46, the second handle 59 is provided with the second adjustment hole 46
  • a second locking member engaged and the second locking element is preferably a third pin 63 (see FIG. 18).
  • the harvested corn ears enter the pressure feeding device through the sliding plate 45 through the guiding plate 44, and then enter the pressure feeding device.
  • the teeth of the rubber material are used to protect the kernels of the corn ears from damage, and the grain yield is effectively guaranteed; at the same time, the elasticity of the rubber material is utilized. It not only ensures that the corn kernels on the ears of large corn are not damaged, but also ensures the peeling effect of the ears of the small corn, and can achieve partial pressure feeding; since the teeth 53 of the star wheel body 54 are spirally distributed, the teeth 53 are arranged through the spiral.
  • the corn ear is rotated in the same direction and the pressure is delivered, which ensures the uniformity during the pressure feeding process and facilitates the peeling.
  • the mounting frame 4 is provided with a stripping roller mounting mechanism 18; the mounting bracket 4 located at the end of the plurality of stripping rollers 7 is provided with a stripping transmission device 1; and at the other end of the plurality of stripping rollers 7, a decontamination device 5 is provided; At the same time, the pressure feeding device 3 is disposed above the mounting frame 4 and corresponding to the plurality of peeling rollers 7; thereby, the peeling roller mounting mechanism 18 prevents the peeling roller from causing the bearing 16 on the bearing housing 14 to be stressed during operation.
  • the removing device 5 to remove the raking leaves wound on the peeling roller 7, so that the bearing 16 is stressed during operation, further ensuring the bearing 16
  • the service life makes the performance of the corn peeling machine stable and reliable;
  • the peeling transmission device 1 ensures the normal operation of the peeling roller 7, thereby ensuring the production efficiency and the peeling effect when the corn peeling machine is harvested;
  • the pressure feeding device 3 prevents the pressure feeding and In the process of peeling, the grain on the ear of corn is damaged, and partial pressure feeding can be realized, further ensuring the peeling effect.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
  • Harvesting Machines For Specific Crops (AREA)

Abstract

一种玉米剥皮机，包括若干剥皮辊（7）和安装架（4），安装架（4）上设有用于安装若干剥皮辊（7）的剥皮辊安装机构（18）；位于若干剥皮辊（7）一端的安装架（4）上设有用于带动若干剥皮辊（7）运转剥皮的剥皮传动装置（1）；位于若干剥皮辊（7）的末端设有安装在安装架（4）上并用于去除缠绕在剥皮辊上苞叶的除杂装置（5）；安装架（4）的上方并与若干剥皮辊（7）对应位置设有用于对玉米果穗进行压送的压送装置（3）。通过剥皮辊安装机构和除杂装置，使轴承受力均匀，保证了轴承的使用寿命，使玉米剥皮机的性能稳定可靠，同时保证了收获时的生产效率和剥皮效果；通过压送装置防止在压送和剥皮时，损害玉米果穗上的籽粒，且能实现局部压送，进一步保证了剥皮效果。

Description

玉米剥皮机 技术领域
本实用新型属于玉米收获机技术领域， 尤其涉及一种玉米剥皮机。
背景技术
玉米作为主要农作物在我国产区分布广， 种植面积大， 年种植面积约 0. 3 亿公项， 由于玉米品种、 气候和农艺的差别， 气候干燥地区可直接脱粒， 低温 多雨地区需摘穗、 剥皮、 晾晒， 然后脱粒， 现在玉米直接脱粒技术尚不成熟， 收割时大部分实行分段收获和联合收获， 分段收获即割晒、 铺放、 晾晒， 然后 机械或人工摘穗、 剥皮， 最后脱粒； 或者用玉米联合收获机实现站杆摘穗， 然 后剥皮、 经经晾晒或不晾晒， 再脱粒。 无论分段收获或者联合收获， 所釆用的 剥皮机均存在以下问题：
1、 玉米剥皮机上的用于对玉米果穗进行剥皮的若干剥皮辊均转动安装在轴 承座内， 而轴承座通过固定元件固定安装在安装剥皮辊的安装架上， 从而剥皮 辊在转动对玉米果穗进行剥皮的过程中， 从玉米果穗上剥除的苞叶会缠绕在剥 皮辊上， 造成剥皮辊的直径变大， 如此往复的工作， 相邻的且缠绕有苞叶的剥 皮辊， 会在转动中相互挤压， 甚至会相互卡死而影响正常的工作， 由于轴承座 的位置固定， 从而在工作中， 轴承座上的轴承受力不均勾， 进而发生磨损现象， 大大降低了轴承的使用寿命，导致玉米剥皮机性能稳定性差； 同时， 苞叶缠绕在 剥皮辊上后， 还会影响剥皮效果。
2、 剥皮辊的转动通过动力装置传递给其中的一个剥皮辊， 然后通过剥皮辊 上设有的用于传动的齿轮， 实现若干剥皮辊的转动， 而齿轮均设置在每个剥皮 辊的同一个位置， 即安装后所有的齿轮在同一平面内， 当其中一个齿轮损坏后， 将会影响其他所有的剥皮辊正常运转， 造成整个剥皮装置无法工作， 进而影响 生产效率。
3、 用于对玉米果穗进行压送的压送件种类各式各样， 但都是硬度较大的压 送件， 从而在压送件的作用下对玉米果穗上的苞叶进行剥皮时， 硬度较大的压 送件容易损坏玉米籽粒， 造成粮食浪费和减产， 同时由于玉米果穗的大小不一， 而压送件与剥皮装置的间隙为固定的， 不仅导致大的玉米果穗上玉米籽粒损坏， 还会造成小的玉米果穗上苞叶剥皮不彻底， 进而影响该玉米剥皮机的剥皮效果， 而且玉米果穗在压送过程中非常凌乱不规则， 同样会造成剥皮效果差的问题。 实用新型内容
本实用新型的目的在于提供一种玉米剥皮机， 以达到剥皮效果好且籽粒破 损率低， 性能稳定可靠和生产效率高的效果。
为解决上述技术问题， 本实用新型的技术方案是： 玉米剥皮机， 包括若干 剥皮辊和安装架， 所述安装架上设有用于安装若干所述剥皮辊的剥皮辊安装机 构； 位于若干所述剥皮辊一端的所述安装架上设有用于带动若干所述剥皮辊运 转剥皮的剥皮传动装置； 位于若干所述剥皮辊的末端设有安装在所述安装架上 并用于去除缠绕在所述剥皮辊上苞叶的除杂装置； 所述安装架的上方并与若干 所述剥皮辊对应位置设有用于对玉米果穗进行压送的压送装置。
作为一种改进， 所述剥皮辊安装机构包括设置在所述安装架上的若干组剥 皮辊组， 每组所述剥皮辊组包括四根在同一平面内设置的所述剥皮辊， 每组所 述剥皮辊组中位于中间的两根所述剥皮辊端部通过轴承座安装在固定板上， 所 述固定板固定安装在所述安装架上， 每组所述剥皮辊组中位于外侧的两根所述 剥皮辊端部均通过轴承座设置在一连接板上， 两所述连接板均套装于一调节轴 上， 所述调节轴的中部具有一轴肩， 每一所述连接板与所述轴肩之间均夹压一 压缩弹簧， 所述连接板通过销轴铰接于所述安装架上， 在所述压缩弹簧的作用 下， 每组所述剥皮辊组中位于外侧的所述剥皮辊与相邻的所述剥皮辊之间形成 剥皮间隙。
作为进一步的改进， 所述固定反上设有容纳所述轴 座的两个轴承座安装. 孔， 位于所述固定板上的每个所述轴承座与所述固定板之间均为间隙配合； 每 个所述轴承座内均并排设有两个轴承， 每个所述轴承座的端部均设有用于防尘 的封堵元件， 所述封堵元件为橡胶堵盖。
作为一种改进， 所述剥皮传动装置包括每组所述剥皮辊组中位于中间的两 根剥皮辊中的一根为动力输入的主动剥皮辊， 其他剥皮辊与所述主动剥皮辊均 通过齿轮传动连接， 每组所述剥皮辊组的所述齿轮位于同一平面内， 相邻的两 组所述剥皮辊组的所述齿轮所在的平面错开设置。
作为再进一步的改进， 所述每组所述剥皮辊组的所述主动剥皮辊均通过锥 齿轮副连接一由动力装置驱动的传动轴； 所述锥齿轮副包括设置于所述传动轴 上的主动锥齿轮和设置于所述主动剥皮辊上的被动锥齿轮， 所述主动锥齿轮套 装与所述传动轴上， 每一所述主动锥齿轮均通过一定位套顶靠并定位于所述传 动轴上， 所述定位套套装于所述传动轴上且通过紧固件安装于所述传动轴上。
作为更进一步的改进， 所述每组所述剥皮辊组的所述主动剥皮辊均通过链 传动依次连接； 述主动剥皮辊的端部设有支撑块， 所述支撑块设置在所述安装 架上。
作为一种改进， 所述除杂装置包括位于若干所述剥皮辊末端的上方并安装 于所述安装架上的护板； 所述剥皮辊末端的下方设有用于去除缠绕在所述剥皮 辊末端上苞叶的除杂辊， 所述除杂辊转动安装于所述安装架上， 所述除杂辊的 轴线与所述剥皮辊的轴线垂直设置。
作为又进一步的改进， 所述除杂辊包括转动安装在所述安装架上转轴， 所 述转轴上环形阵列有若千除杂板， 每个所述除杂板上均设有对应设置的第一凹 槽， 每个所述第一四槽与相邻的两所述剥皮辊相对应设置； 所述护板上设有若 干第二凹槽， 所述第二凹槽与所述剥皮辊一一对应设置。
作为一种改进， 所述压送装置包括设置在安装架上的星轮架， 所述星轮架 上转动安装有若干由动力装置驱动的转轴， 每个所述转轴上均设有若干轴向分 布的压送星轮， 所述压送星轮包括星轮本体， 所述星轮本体上设有若干由橡胶 材料制成且与所述星轮本体设为一体的拨齿， 若干所述拨齿螺旋分布于所述星 轮本体的外表面， 每个所述拨齿均沿所述星轮本体的径向设置； 相邻两所述转 轴上的若千所述压送星轮互相交叉设置。 节所述星轮架高度的第一调节装置； 所述安装架的另一端且位于所述安装架的 两侧均设有用于调节所述星轮架高度的第二调节装置； 所述第一调节装置包括 设置在所述安装架侧壁上的调节盘， 所述调节盘上铰接有第一手柄， 所述第一 手柄上铰接有与所述星轮架连接的第一支撑板； 所述调节盘上设有若干第一调 节孔， 所述第一手柄上设有与所述第一调节孔相配合的第一锁紧元件； 所述第 二调节装置包括铰接在所述安装架侧壁上的第二手柄， 所述第二手柄上铰接有 第二支撑板， 所述第二支撑板的另一端设有与所述星轮架连接的固定板； 所述 安装架侧壁上设有若干第二调节孔， 所述第二手柄上设有与所述第二调节孔相 配合的第二锁紧元件。
由于釆用了上述技术方案， 本实用新型的有益效果是：
由于安装架上设有剥皮辊安装机构； 位于若干剥皮辊一端的安装架上设有 剥皮传动装置； 位于若干剥皮辊的另一端设有除杂装置； 同时， 安装架的上方 并与若干所述剥皮辊对应位置设有压送装置；从而通过剥皮辊安装机构， 避免了 剥皮辊在工作中造成轴承座上的轴承受力不均勾， 发生磨损现象， 而降低轴承 使用寿命的问题， 辅以除杂装置去除缠绕在剥皮辊上的苞叶， 使轴承在工作中 受力均勾， 进一步保证了轴承的使用寿命， 使玉米剥皮机的性能稳定可靠； 通 过剥皮传动装置保证了剥皮辊正常运转， 进而保证了玉米剥皮机收获时的生产 效率和剥皮效果； 通过压送装置防止在压送和剥皮的过程中， 损害玉米果穗上 的籽粒， 且能实现局部压送， 进一步保证了剥皮效果。
由于每组外侧的两根剥皮辊的端部均设有 4 接在安装架上的连接板， 且两 连接板之间设有两压缩弹簧， 从而剥皮辊转动对玉米果穗进行剥皮的过程中， 在压缩弹簧的作用下， 每组剥皮辊组中位于外侧的剥皮辊与相邻的剥皮辊之间 形成剥皮间隙， 防止位于每组外侧的两剥皮辊之间只有一根弹簧时， 其中一根 剥皮辊动作便牵连另一根剥皮辊动作， 实现了剥皮辊单独位移， 且互不千涉， 保证了正常的工作； 由于连接板通过销轴铰接在安装架上， 从而剥皮辊缠绕有 苞叶后， 剥皮辊随连接板以销轴为中心摆动， 避免了相邻的剥皮辊缠绕有苞叶 后， 剥皮辊的直径变大， 在转动中相互挤压， 导致轴承座上的轴承受力不均匀， 发生磨损现象， 而降低轴承使用寿命的问题。
由于固定板上的每个轴承座与固定板之间均为间隙配合， 从而固定板与轴 承座之间存有活动量， 进而剥皮辊在对玉米果穗去除苞叶的过程中， 若有苞叶 缠绕在剥皮辊上， 相邻的两剥皮辊发生挤压后， 剥皮辊带动轴承座在活动量内 偏移， 保证了轴承座上的轴承在工作过程中， 受力均匀， 避免了轴承座在安装 架上的位置固定， 造成相邻的且缠绕有苞叶的剥皮辊工作过程中相互挤压， 导 致轴承受力不均勾发生磨损， 影响轴承使用寿命的问题； 由于轴承座内设有两 个轴承， 从而剥皮辊在工作过程产生的力， 通过两个轴承， 分布更加合理， 使 轴承受力更加均匀； 由于轴承座上设有封堵元件， 从而通过封堵元件防止灰尘 的进人而影响轴 7|的正常工作， 进一步保 了轴 7|的使用寿 -命。
由于每组中的四个齿轮在同一平面内， 相邻两组的齿轮所在的平面错开设 置， 从而当其中一个齿轮损坏后， 只会影响本组的传动， 其他各组的剥皮辊正 常运转， 与传统相比， 避免了一个齿轮损坏后， 整个剥皮装置无法工作的问题。
由于传动轴上设有顶靠并定位主动锥齿轮的定位套， 且定位套通过紧固件 安装于传动轴上， 从而通过定位套和紧固件， 保证了主动锥齿轮和被动锥齿轮 的啮合； 同时， 防止主动锥齿轮在动力传递过程中， 受力发生侧移而影响正常 的工作。
由于主动剥皮辊的端部设有设有支撑块， 从而通过支撑块增加了剥皮辊在 工作中抗拉力和扭力的工作强度。
由于剥皮辊末端的上方设有护板， 剥皮辊末端的下方设有除杂辊， 从而通 过护板防止缠绕在剥皮辊末端上的苞叶过多， 然后通过除杂辊进行对缠绕在剥 皮辊末端上的苞叶进行去除， 防止从玉米果穗上被剥离的苞叶缠绕在剥皮辊上， 造成相邻两剥皮辊在转动中发生相互挤压或卡死而影响正常工作的问题， 且有 效提高了剥皮效果； 同时， 剥皮辊末端上缠绕的苞叶去除， 相邻两剥皮辊互不 干涉， 进而支撑剥皮辊的轴承在工作中受力均匀， 避免了磨损现象的发生， 大 大提高了轴承的使用寿命。
由于除杂辊的除杂板上设有第一凹槽， 且第一凹槽与相邻的两剥皮辊相对 应设置， 从而通过.第一凹槽， 除杂辊更加靠近剥皮辊末端， 然后通过除杂辊和 剥皮辊末端不同的转向实现去除剥皮辊末端上缠绕的苞叶， 结构简单， 去除苞 叶效果好； 由于护板上设有第二凹槽， 且第二凹槽与剥皮辊——对应设置， 从 而通过第二凹槽， 护板更加靠近直槽部并有效防止苞叶缠绕在剥皮辊上过多， 为除杂辊去除缠绕在剥皮辊上的苞叶奠定了基础。
由于压送星轮包括星轮本体和在星轮本体上径向设置的由橡胶材料制成的 若干拨齿， 且若干拨齿螺旋分布于星轮本体的外表面， 从而在对玉米果穗进行 压送和剥皮的过程中， 通过橡胶材料的拨齿来完成， 保护了玉米果穗上的籽粒 免受损害， 粮食的产量得到有效的保障； 同时， 利用橡胶材料的弹性， 不仅保 证大的玉米果穗上玉米籽粒不损坏， 还能保证小的玉米果穗的剥皮效果， 且能 实现局部压送； 再者， 通过螺旋分布的拨齿， 带动玉米果穗朝同一个方向旋转 并完成压送， 保证了在压送过程中的整齐度， 而且有利于剥皮。
由于剥皮辊安装架上设有用于调节星轮架高度的第一调节装置和第二调节 装置， 从而根据收获季节的不同和玉米成熟度的不同， 通过调节第一调节装置 和第二调节装置保证玉米剥皮机的剥皮效果， 提高了玉米剥皮机的适应性； 结 构简单， 调节方便， 且省时、 省力。
附图说明
图 1是本实用新型实施例的结构示意图；
图 2是图 1中的 A向视图；
图 3是图 2中中间剥皮辊的结构示意图；
图 4是图 2中外侧剥皮辊的结构示意图；
图 5是图 3中 B的放大图；
图 6是图 2中固定板的结构示意图；
图 7是图 1中剥皮传动装置实施例一的结构示意图；
图 8是图 1中剥皮传动装置实施例二的结构示意图；
图 9是图 1中剥皮传动装置实施例三的结构示意图；
图 10是图 1中除杂装置的结构示意图；
图 11是图 10中的 C-C视图；
图 12是图 1中压送装置的结构示意图；
图 1 3是图 12中的 D向视图；
图 14是图 12中压送星轮的结构示意图；
图 15是图 14的左视图；
图 16是图 14中 G-G的剖视图；
图 17是图 12中 E的放大图；
图 18是图 12中 F的放大图；
图中， 1-剥皮传动装置； 2-第一调节装置； 3-压送装置； 4-安装架； 5-除 杂装置； 6-第二调节装置； 7-剥皮辊； 8-固定板； 9-连接板； 10-调节轴； 1 1- 第一销轴； 12-轴肩； 1 3 -压缩弹簧； 14 -轴承座； 15-堵盖； 16-轴承； 17 -螺栓 孔； 18-剥皮辊安装机构； 19-联轴节； 20-被动锥齿轮； 21-主动锥齿轮； 22-定 位套； 23-传动轴； 24-主动剥皮辊； 25-过载离合器； 26-鱼鳞剥皮部； 27-螺旋 剥皮部； 28-强拉部； 29-直槽部； 30-齿轮； 31-双排链轮； 32-支撑块； 33-传 动链； 34-护板； 35 -除杂辊； 36 -第一凹槽； 37 -除杂板； 38 -第二凹槽； 39 -第 一转轴； 40-第二转轴； 41-星轮架； 42-调节盘； 43-第一调节孔； 44-导向板； 45-溜板； 46-第二调节孔； 47-拨送辊； 48-橡胶条； 49-压送星轮； 50-抛送辊； 51 -抛送板； 52-链轮； 53-拨齿； 54 -星轮本体； 55 -第二销轴； 56-第一铰接轴； 57-第一手柄； 58-第一支撑板； 59-第二手柄； 60-顶板； 61-第二支撑板； 62- 第二铰接轴； 63 -第三销轴。
具体实施方式
为了使本实用新型的目的、 技术方案及优点更加清楚明白， 以下结合附图 及实施例， 对本实用新型进行进一步详细说明。 应当理解， 此处所描述的具体 实施例仅仅用以解释本实用新型， 并不用于限定本实用新型。
如图 1和图 12共同所示， 该玉米剥皮机包括若干剥皮辊 7和安装架 4， 该 安装架 4上设有用于安装若干剥皮辊 7的剥皮辊安装机构 18; 位于若干剥皮辊 7一端的安装架 4上设有用于带动若干剥皮辊 7运转剥皮的剥皮传动装置 1 ; 位 于若干剥皮辊 7的另一端设有安装在安装架 4上并用于去除缠绕在剥皮辊 7上 苞叶的除杂装置 5;该安装架 4的上方并与若干剥皮辊 7对应位置设有用于对玉 米果穗进行压送的压送装置 3。
如图 2、 图 3和图 4共同所示， 该剥皮辊安装机构 18包括设置在安装架 4 上的若干组剥皮辊组， 每组剥皮辊组包括四根在同一平面内设置的剥皮辊 7，该 剥皮辊 7倾斜安装在安装架 4上， 倾斜角度为 2至 12度， 每组剥皮辊组中位于 中间的两根剥皮辊 7端部通过轴承座 14安装在固定板 8上， 该固定板 8通过螺 栓孔 17固定安装在安装架 4上， 该固定板 8上设有容纳轴承座 14的两个轴承 座安装孔， 位于固定板 8上的每个轴承座 14与固定板 8之间均为间隙配合（参 见图 6 )， 即轴承座 14与固定板 8之间设有活动间隙。
每组剥皮辊组中位于外侧的两根剥皮辊 7端部均通过轴承座 14设置在一连 接板 9上， 该轴承座 14与连接板 9设为一体， 两连接板 9均套装于一调节轴 10 上， 该调节轴 10的中部具有一轴肩 12， 每一连接板 9与轴肩 12之间均夹压一 压缩弹簧 13， 该调节轴 10的两端均螺纹安装有用于调节压缩弹簧 13张力的调 节螺母； 该连接板 9通过第一销轴 11铰接于安装架 4上， 在压缩弹簧 13的作 用下， 每组剥皮辊组中位于外侧的剥皮辊 7与相邻的剥皮辊 7之间形成剥皮间 隙， 该固定板 8与连接板 9设置于同一平面内。
每个轴承座 14内均设有并排设置的两个轴承 16 , 每个轴承座 14的端部均 设有用于防尘的封堵元件 （参见图 5 )， 该封堵元件优选为堵盖 15， 该堵盖 15 过盈配合安装于轴承座 14上， 该堵盖 15优选为橡胶堵盖。
从而剥皮辊 7在对玉米果穗去除苞叶的过程中， 由于固定板 8与轴承座 14 之间为间隙配合， 从而固定板 8与轴承座 14之间存有一定的活动量， 进而在去 除苞叶时， 若有苞叶缠绕在剥皮辊 7上， 相邻的两剥皮辊 7发生挤压后， 剥皮 辊 7带动轴承座 14在活动量内偏移， 保证了轴承座 14上的轴承 16在工作过程 中， 受力均勾， 避免了轴承座 14在安装架 4上的位置固定， 造成相邻的且缠绕 有苞叶的剥皮辊 7工作过程中相互挤压， 导致轴承 16受力不均匀发生磨损， 影 响轴承 16使用寿命的问题； 同时， 通过两连接板 9之间的压缩弹簧 13， 当剥皮 辊 7上缠绕有苞叶后， 相邻两剥皮辊 7的距离增大， 此时， 连接板 9在以第一 销轴 11为中心摆动， 避免了相邻的剥皮辊 7缠绕有苞叶后， 剥皮辊 7的直径变 大， 在转动中相互挤压， 导致轴承座 14上的轴承受力不均匀， 发生磨损现象， 而降低轴承 16使用寿命的问题， 而且， 防止位于每组外侧的两剥皮辊 7之间只 有一根弹簧时， 其中一根剥皮棍 7动作便牵连另一根剥皮辊 7动作， 实现了剥 皮辊 7单独位移， 且互不千涉， 保证了正常的工作。
如图 7所示，该剥皮传动装置 1的实施例一包括动力输入的主动剥皮辊 24， 该主动剥皮辊 24为每组剥皮辊组中位于中间的两根剥皮辊 7中的一根， 其他剥 皮辊 7与主动剥皮辊 24均通过齿轮 30传动连接， 每组剥皮辊组的齿轮 30位于 同一平面内， 相邻的两组剥皮辊组的齿轮 30所在的平面错开设置。
每组剥皮棍组的主动剥皮棍 24均通过锥齿轮副连接一由动力装置驱动的传 动轴 23， 该锥齿轮副包括设置于传动轴 23上的主动锥齿轮 21和设置于主动剥 皮辊 24上的被动锥齿轮 20， 该主动锥齿轮 21套装与传动轴 23上，每一主动锥 齿轮 21均通过一定位套 22顶靠并定位于传动轴 23上， 该定位套 22套装于传 动轴 23上且通过紧固件安装于传动轴 23上， 该传动轴 23也可以为通过联轴节 19连接在一起的两根短传动轴，该传动轴 23上设有用于安全保护的牙嵌式过栽 离合器 25。 该主动剥皮辊 24包括依次设置的螺旋剥皮部 27和直槽部 29， 该剥皮辊组 中与主动剥皮辊 24相邻的另一位于中间位置的剥皮辊 7包括依次设置的用于剥 皮的螺旋剥皮部 27和直槽部 29， 两螺旋剥皮部 27的旋向相反， 位于每组剥皮 辊组外侧的两剥皮辊 7均包括依次设置的用于剥皮的鱼鳞剥皮部 26、 强拉部 28 和直槽部 29，该鱼鳞剥皮部 26、强拉部 28和螺旋剥皮部 27均由橡胶材料制成， 该鱼鳞剥皮部 26靠近齿轮 30且鱼鳞剥皮部 26的横截面形状为锯齿形， 该强拉 部 28上设有凸出外表面的若干拉丝， 该直槽部 29为铸铁直槽辊且铸铁直槽辊 的外表面上设有若干凹槽， 该螺旋剥皮部 27为设置在外表面螺旋凹槽。
如图 8所示，该剥皮传动装置 1的实施例二包括动力输入的主动剥皮辊 24， 该主动剥皮辊 24为每组剥皮辊组中位于中间的两根剥皮辊 7中的一根， 其他剥 皮辊 7与主动剥皮辊 24均通过齿轮 30传动连接， 每组剥皮辊组的齿轮 30位于 同一平面内， 相邻的两组剥皮辊组的齿轮 30所在的平面错开设置。
每组剥皮辊组的主动剥皮辊 24上均设有双排链轮 31，相邻两组的双排链轮 31上均通过传动链 33依次连接， 且相邻的两传动链 33错开设置， 每个主动剥 皮辊 24上设有双排链轮 31的一端设有支撑块 32， 该支撑块 32设置在安装架 4 上。
该主动剥皮辊 24包括依次设置的鱼鳞剥皮部 26、 强拉部 28和直槽部 29， 该剥皮辊组中位于外侧且与主动剥皮辊 24相配合的剥皮辊 7包括依次设置的螺 旋剥皮部 27和直槽部 29， 该剥皮辊组中与主动剥皮辊 24相邻的另一位于中间 位置的剥皮辊 Ί包括依次设置的螺旋剥皮部 27和直槽部 29，另一位于每组剥皮 辊组外侧的剥皮辊 7包括依次设置的鱼鳞剥皮部 27、 强拉部 28和直槽部 29， 综上所述， 具有鱼鳞剥皮部 26的剥皮辊 7与具有螺旋剥皮部 27的剥皮辊 7间 隔交替设置。
如图 9所示， 该剥皮传动装置 1的实施例三其结构与实施例二相同， 且区 别在于： 该主动剥皮辊 24包括依次设置的螺旋剥皮部 27和直槽部 29， 该剥皮 辊组中位于外侧且与主动剥皮辊 24相配合的剥皮辊 7包括依次设置的鱼鳞剥皮 部 26、 强拉部 18和直槽部 29 , 该剥皮辊组中与主动剥皮辊 24相邻的另一位于 中间位置的剥皮辊 7包括依次设置的鱼鳞剥皮部 26、 强拉部 28和直槽部 29， 另一位于每组剥皮辊组外侧的剥皮辊 7包括依次设置的螺旋剥皮部 27和直槽部 29 , 综上所述， 具有鱼鳞剥皮部 26的剥皮辊 7与具有螺旋剥皮部 27的剥皮辊 7 间隔交替设置。
以上三个实施例的驱动主动剥皮辊 24转动部分可相互替换； 同时， 鱼鳞剥 皮部 26、 强拉部 28和螺旋剥皮部 27均有左旋和右旋之分， 可根据实际需要进 行调整和组合； 实施例一适用于收获干黄期的玉米果穗； 实施例二和实施例三 适用于收获青黄期的玉米果穗。
从而收获的玉米果穗进入该剥皮传动装置后， 通过若干剥皮辊 7进行剥皮， 由于每四根剥皮辊 7设为一组，每组中的四个用于传动的齿轮 30在同一直线上， 相邻两组的齿轮 30错开设置， 从而当其中一个齿轮 30损坏后， 只会影响本组 的传动， 其他各组的剥皮辊 7正常运转， 与传统相比， 避免了一个齿轮 30损坏 后， 整个剥皮装置无法工作的问题； 同时， 可根据收获季节的不同或玉米果穗 的成熟情况不同， 选用适宜布置的剥皮辊 7的玉米剥皮机， 提高了玉米剥皮机 的适用性， 有效提高了剥皮效果， 减少了对玉米果穗籽粒的损害。
如图 10和图 1 1共同所示， 该除杂装置 5包括设置于若干直槽部 29下方的 用于去除缠绕在直槽部 29上苞叶的除杂辊 35，该除杂辊 35安装于安装架 4上， 若干直槽部 29的上方设有安装于安装架 4上的护板 34， 该护板 34的一端与直 槽部 29的安装端平齐， 该护板. 34的另一端延伸至直槽部 29的中部； 该除杂辊 5与护板 4延伸至直槽部 3中部的一端对应设置， 该除杂辊 5的轴线与剥皮辊 7 的轴线垂直设置。
该除杂辊 35包括转动安装在安装架 4上第一转轴 39，该第一转轴 39上环形 阵列有若千除杂板 37 , 每个除杂板 37上均设有对应设置的第一凹槽 36， 每个 第一凹槽 36与相邻的两直槽部 29相对应设置； 该护板 34上设有若干第二凹槽 38 , 该第二凹槽 38与直槽部 29——对应设置。
从而通过护板 34防止缠绕在直槽部 29上的苞叶过多， 然后通过除杂辊 35 进行对缠绕在直槽部 29上的苞叶进行去除， 防止从玉米果穗上被剥离的苞叶缠 绕在直槽部 29上， 造成相邻两剥皮辊 7在转动中发生相互挤压或卡死而影响正 常工作的问题， 且有效提高了剥皮效果； 同时， 直槽部 29上缠绕的苞叶去除， 相邻两剥皮辊 7互不干涉， 进而支撑剥皮辊 7的轴承 16在工作中受力均匀， 避 免了磨损现象的发生， 大大提高了轴承的使用寿命。 如图 12和图 13共同所示， 该压送装置 3包括安装在安装架 4上的星轮架 41， 该星轮架 41上转动安装有若干由动力装置驱动的若干第二转轴 40， 每个第 二转轴 40均延伸出星轮架 41的同一侧， 每个第二转轴 40延伸出星轮架 41的 一端设有与动力装置相连的链轮 52，该动力装置为电机或驱动链轮 52转动的其 他动力源， 每个第二转轴 40上均设有若干轴向分布的压送星轮 49， 该压送星轮 49包括星轮本体 54， 该星轮本体 54上设有若干由橡胶材料制成且与星轮本体 54设为一体的拨齿 53， 若干拨齿 53螺旋分布于星轮本体 54的外表面， 每个拨 齿 53均沿星轮本体 54的径向设置（参见图 14、 图 15和图 16 ); 相邻两第二转 轴 40上的若千压送星轮 49互相交叉设置。
该安装架 4的玉米果穗进入端设有倾斜设置的溜板 45，该溜板 45上设有用 于对玉米果穗进行分流的导向板 44， 该溜板 45的低位端低于第二转轴 40， 该 星轮架 41的两端分别设有与第二转轴 40平行设置的拨送辊 47和抛送辊 50，该 拨送辊 47靠近溜板 45， 该拨送辊 47上轴向设有若干安装块， 每个安装块均安 装有用于撕裂玉米果穗上苞叶的橡胶条 48， 相邻两安装块交错设置并形成一工 作角度； 该抛送辊 50上设有若干轴向设置的用于对玉米果穗进行抛送的抛送板 51， 相邻两抛送板 51交错设置， 且两抛送板 51相互靠近的侧边在同一平面内 以实现无缝抛送。
该安装架 4的玉米果穗进入端的两侧均设有用于调节星轮架 41高度的第一 调节装置 2， 该第一调节装置 2包括设置在安装架 4侧壁上的调节盘 42， 该调 节盘 42上通过第一铰接轴 56铰接有第一手柄 57，该第一手柄 57上铰接有与星 轮架 41连接的第一支撑板 58; 该调节盘 42上设有若干第一调节孔 43， 该第一 手柄 57上设有与第一调节孔 43相配合的第一锁紧元件， 该第一锁紧元件优选 为第二销轴 55 (参见图 17 ); 该安装架 4的另一端且位于安装架 4的两侧均设 有用于调节星轮架 41高度的第二调节装置 6， 该第二调节装置 6包括通过第二 铰接轴 62铰接在安装架 4侧壁上的第二手柄 59， 该第二手柄 59上铰接有第二 支撑板 61， 该第二支撑板 61的另一端设有与星轮架 41连接的顶板 60; 该安装 架 4侧壁上设有若干第二调节孔 46， 该第二手柄 59上设有与第二调节孔 46相 配合的第二锁紧元件， 该第二锁紧元件优选为第三销轴 63 (参见图 18 )。
从而收获的玉米果穗通过溜板 45经导向板 44均勾分流后进入该压送装置， 在对玉米果穗进行压送和剥皮的过程中， 通过橡胶材料的拨齿 53来完成， 保护 了玉米果穗上的籽粒免受损害， 粮食的产量得到有效的保障； 同时， 利用橡胶 材料的弹性， 不仅保证大玉米果穗上玉米籽粒不损坏， 还能保证小玉米果穗的 剥皮效果， 且能实现局部压送； 由于星轮本体 54上的若干拨齿 53螺旋分布， 从而通过螺旋分布的拨齿 53， 带动玉米果穗朝同一个方向旋转并完成压送， 保 证了在压送过程中的整齐度， 而且有利于剥皮。
综上所述， 安装架 4上设有剥皮辊安装机构 18 ; 位于若干剥皮辊 7—端的 安装架 4上设有剥皮传动装置 1 ; 位于若干剥皮辊 7的另一端设有除杂装置 5 ; 同时， 安装架 4的上方并与若干剥皮辊 7对应位置设有压送装置 3;从而通过剥 皮辊安装机构 1 8， 避免了剥皮辊在工作中造成轴承座 14上的轴承 1 6受力不均 匀， 发生磨损现象， 而降低轴承 16使用寿命的问题， 辅以除杂装置 5去除缠绕 在剥皮辊 7上的苞叶， 使轴承 1 6在工作中受力均勾， 进一步保证了轴承 16的 使用寿命， 使玉米剥皮机的性能稳定可靠； 通过剥皮传动装置 1保证了剥皮辊 7 正常运转， 进而保证了玉米剥皮机收获时的生产效率和剥皮效果； 通过压送装 置 3防止在压送和剥皮的过程中， 损害玉米果穗上的籽粒， 且能实现局部压送， 进一步保证了剥皮效果。
以上所述仅为本实用新型的较佳实施例而已， 并不用以限制本实用新型， 凡在本实用新型的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、 等同替换和改进等， 均应 包含在本实用新型的保护范围之内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 玉米剥皮机， 包括若干剥皮辊和安装架， 其特征在于， 所述安装架上设 有用于安装若干所述剥皮辊的剥皮辊安装机构； 位于若干所述剥皮辊一端的所 述安装架上设有用于带动若干所述剥皮辊运转剥皮的剥皮传动装置； 位于若干 所述剥皮辊的末端设有安装在所述安装架上并用于去除缠绕在所述剥皮辊上苞 叶的除杂装置； 所述安装架的上方并与若干所述剥皮辊对应位置设有用于对玉 米果穗进行压送的压送装置。
1、 根据权利要求 1所述的玉米剥皮机， 其特征在于， 所述剥皮辊安装机构 包括设置在所述安装架上的若干组剥皮辊组， 每组所述剥皮辊组包括四根在同 一平面内设置的所述剥皮辊， 每组所述剥皮辊组中位于中间的两根所述剥皮辊 端部通过轴承座安装在固定板上， 所述固定板固定安装在所述安装架上， 每组 所述剥皮辊组中位于外侧的两根所述剥皮辊端部均通过轴承座设置在一连接板 上， 两所述连接板均套装于一调节轴上， 所述调节轴的中部具有一轴肩， 每一 所述连接板与所述轴肩之间均夹压一压缩弹簧， 所述连接板通过销轴铰接于所 述安装架上， 在所述压缩弹簧的作用下， 每组所述剥皮辊组中位于外侧的所述 剥皮辊与相邻的所述剥皮辊之间形成剥皮间隙。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的玉米剥皮机， 其特征在于， 所述固定板上设有容 纳所述轴承座的两个轴承座安装孔， 位于所述固定板上的每个所述轴 7 座与所 述固定板之间均为间隙配合； 每个所述轴承座内均并排设有两个轴承， 每个所 述轴承座的端部均设有用于防尘的封堵元件， 所述封堵元件为橡胶堵盖。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的玉米剥皮机， 其特征在于， 所述剥皮传动装置包 括每组所述剥皮辊组中位于中间的两根剥皮辊中的一根为动力输入的主动剥皮 辊， 其他剥皮辊与所述主动剥皮辊均通过齿轮传动连接， 每组所述剥皮辊组的 所述齿轮位于同一平面内， 相邻的两组所述剥皮辊组的所述齿轮所在的平面错 开设置。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的玉米剥皮机， 其特征在于， 所述每组所述剥皮辊 组的所述主动剥皮辊均通过锥齿轮副连接一由动力装置驱动的传动轴； 所述锥 齿轮副包括设置于所述传动轴上的主动锥齿轮和设置于所述主动剥皮辊上的被 动锥齿轮， 所述主动锥齿轮套装与所述传动轴上， 每一所述主动锥齿轮均通过 一定位套顶靠并定位于所述传动轴上， 所述定位套套装于所述传动轴上且通过 紧固件安装于所述传动轴上。
6、 根据权利要求 4所述的玉米剥皮机， 其特征在于， 所述每组所述剥皮辊 组的所述主动剥皮辊均通过链传动依次连接； 述主动剥皮辊的端部设有支撑块， 所述支撑块设置在所述安装架上。
7、 根据权利要求 1所述的玉米剥皮机， 其特征在于， 所述除杂装置包括位 于若干所述剥皮辊末端的上方并安装于所述安装架上的护板； 所述剥皮辊末端 的下方设有用于去除缠绕在所述剥皮辊末端上苞叶的除杂辊， 所述除杂辊转动 安装于所述安装架上， 所述除杂辊的轴线与所述剥皮辊的轴线垂直设置。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的玉米剥皮机， 其特征在于， 所述除杂辊包括转动 安装在所述安装架上转轴， 所述转轴上环形阵列有若千除杂板， 每个所述除杂 板上均设有对应设置的第一凹槽， 每个所述第一凹槽与相邻的两所述剥皮辊相 对应设置； 所述护板上设有若干第二凹槽， 所述第二凹槽与所述剥皮辊——对 应设置。
9、 根据权利要求 1所述的玉米剥皮机， 其特征在于， 所述压送装置包括设 置在安装架上的星轮架， 所述星轮架上转动安装有若干由动力装置驱动的转轴， 每个所述转轴上均设有若干轴向分布的压送星轮， 所述压送星轮包括星轮本体， 所述星轮本体上设有若干由橡胶材料制成且与所述星轮本体设为一体的拨齿， 若干所述拨齿螺旋分布于所述星轮本体的外表面， 每个所述拨齿均沿所述星轮 本体的径向设置； 相邻两所述转轴上的若千所述压送星轮互相交叉设置。
1 0、 根据权利要求 9所述的玉米剥皮机， 其特征在于， 所述安装架的玉米 果穗进入端的两侧均设有用于调节所述星轮架高度的第一调节装置； 所述安装 节装置； 所述第一调节装置包括设置在所述安装架侧壁上的调节盘， 所述调节 盘上铰接有第一手柄， 所述第一手柄上铰接有与所述星轮架连接的第一支撑板； 所述调节盘上设有若干第一调节孔， 所述第一手柄上设有与所述第一调节孔相 配合的第一锁紧元件； 所述第二调节装置包括铰接在所述安装架侧壁上的第二 手柄， 所述第二手柄上铰接有第二支撑板， 所述第二支撑板的另一端设有与所 述星轮架连接的固定板； 所述安装架侧壁上设有若干第二调节孔， 所述第二手 柄上设有与所述第二调节孔相配合的第二锁紧元件。
PCT/CN2014/081377 2014-01-26 2014-07-01 玉米剥皮机 WO2015109762A1 (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201420050303.XU CN203675672U (zh) 2014-01-26 2014-01-26 玉米剥皮机
CN201420050303.X 2014-01-26

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2015109762A1 true WO2015109762A1 (zh) 2015-07-30

Family

ID=50997661

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2014/081377 WO2015109762A1 (zh) 2014-01-26 2014-07-01 玉米剥皮机

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN203675672U (zh)
WO (1) WO2015109762A1 (zh)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2017042073A (ja) * 2015-08-25 2017-03-02 株式会社Ｉｈｉスター とうもろこし収穫機
CN112544246A (zh) * 2020-12-08 2021-03-26 河北科技大学 鲜玉米自动加工生产线

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104798548B (zh) * 2015-03-17 2017-02-22 王侯小 一种玉米剥皮机
CN108450133A (zh) * 2018-03-23 2018-08-28 魏海峰 一种自动化机械分离装置
CN111083998A (zh) * 2019-12-20 2020-05-01 河北汇朝机械配件有限公司 一种玉米剥皮机
CN114651606A (zh) * 2022-03-30 2022-06-24 山西农业大学资源环境学院 一种玉米收获机剥皮装置

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101496474A (zh) * 2008-02-02 2009-08-05 中国农业机械化科学研究院 玉米果穗剥皮装置及具有该装置的玉米果穗剥皮机
CN201312492Y (zh) * 2008-11-26 2009-09-23 王猛 一种玉米收获机用剥皮器
CN101874439A (zh) * 2009-11-12 2010-11-03 福田雷沃国际重工股份有限公司 玉米剥皮装置
EP2335472A1 (en) * 2009-12-18 2011-06-22 Olimac S.r.l. Stalk-chopper and machine for harvesting maize equipped with such stalk-chopper
CN203027727U (zh) * 2012-11-21 2013-07-03 沁阳市泰利机械制造有限公司 一种高效玉米剥皮机

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101496474A (zh) * 2008-02-02 2009-08-05 中国农业机械化科学研究院 玉米果穗剥皮装置及具有该装置的玉米果穗剥皮机
CN201312492Y (zh) * 2008-11-26 2009-09-23 王猛 一种玉米收获机用剥皮器
CN101874439A (zh) * 2009-11-12 2010-11-03 福田雷沃国际重工股份有限公司 玉米剥皮装置
EP2335472A1 (en) * 2009-12-18 2011-06-22 Olimac S.r.l. Stalk-chopper and machine for harvesting maize equipped with such stalk-chopper
CN203027727U (zh) * 2012-11-21 2013-07-03 沁阳市泰利机械制造有限公司 一种高效玉米剥皮机

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2017042073A (ja) * 2015-08-25 2017-03-02 株式会社Ｉｈｉスター とうもろこし収穫機
CN112544246A (zh) * 2020-12-08 2021-03-26 河北科技大学 鲜玉米自动加工生产线

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN203675672U (zh) 2014-07-02

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2015109762A1 (zh) 玉米剥皮机
US7930870B2 (en) Stalk roll and stripper arrangement for corn head
US7716910B2 (en) Powered rotor for assisting crop pickup for a baler
CN203872594U (zh) 立式玉米收获机
CN102498827A (zh) 一种软脱式玉米脱粒机
CN210275137U (zh) 一种玉米收割机风机装置
CN113455199A (zh) 一种挤搓式脱粒分离装置及收获机
CN111316820A (zh) 一种锥筒辊式玉米柔性脱粒装置
CN114600634A (zh) 一种收获脱粒一体的玉米收获机
KR101220471B1 (ko) 절단이송장치를 가지는 조사료 압축 및 결속장치
CN208402495U (zh) 一种高粱收获割台
CN108684303A (zh) 一种苔麸联合收割机
CN103875359B (zh) 立式玉米收获机
CN102197738A (zh) 一种甘蔗碎叶装置
CN204929709U (zh) 基于多排滚子链的挤搓式玉米脱粒机
KR101142927B1 (ko) 작물 수확용 예취 유닛 및 이를 갖는 수확기
CN110832986A (zh) 升运器及收获机
CN216722140U (zh) 收获脱粒一体的玉米收获机
CN105103807A (zh) 基于多排滚子链的挤搓式玉米脱粒机
CN202068757U (zh) 一种甘蔗碎叶装置
CN113207408B (zh) 一种油莎豆收获机的滚筒筛装置
US3174441A (en) Wafering machine
CN114788458A (zh) 一种免剥皮玉米脱粒机
CN2336561Y (zh) 玉米剥皮脱粒机
CN209732053U (zh) 一种具有籽粒破碎功能的台架式全株玉米青贮装置

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 14879938

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 14879938

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1