WO2015107291A1 - Propulsion wing for ship with vertically furlable sail - Google Patents

Propulsion wing for ship with vertically furlable sail Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015107291A1
WO2015107291A1 PCT/FR2015/050061 FR2015050061W WO2015107291A1 WO 2015107291 A1 WO2015107291 A1 WO 2015107291A1 FR 2015050061 W FR2015050061 W FR 2015050061W WO 2015107291 A1 WO2015107291 A1 WO 2015107291A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wing
spar
propulsion
ship
support
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PCT/FR2015/050061
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Paul-Henri DECAMP
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Decamp Paul-Henri
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Publication of WO2015107291A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015107291A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H9/00—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power
    • B63H9/04—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power using sails or like wind-catching surfaces
    • B63H9/08—Connections of sails to masts, spars, or the like
    • B63H9/10—Running rigging, e.g. reefing equipment
    • B63H9/1021—Reefing
    • B63H9/1042—Reefing by furling around or inside the boom
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H9/00—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power
    • B63H9/04—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power using sails or like wind-catching surfaces
    • B63H9/08—Connections of sails to masts, spars, or the like
    • B63H9/10—Running rigging, e.g. reefing equipment
    • B63H9/1092—Means for stowing, or securing sails when not in use

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the propulsion of ships and more particularly to the propulsion of ships.
  • One of the first sources of propulsion for ships was the use of sailing forces.
  • the sails work in two ways, either in unhooked flow, ie by directing the sail perpendicular to the direction of the wind, or in flow attached, ie in a direction substantially parallel to the wind direction, creating and a lift force able to move the boat.
  • the document EP 1 520 781 proposes a propulsion wing for a ship, comprising a mast, an upper boom at the masthead, a lower boom at the foot of the mast and a wing that can be deployed between a high position in which it s extends between the upper boom and the lower boom and a lower position in which the wing is spaced from the upper boom.
  • a first objective is to provide a propulsion wing for ship, to store the wing safely when it is not or partially used.
  • a second objective is to provide a propulsion wing for ship, to reduce the wind gain of the wing when the ship is docked.
  • a third objective is to propose a propulsion wing for a ship, adaptable to different wind forces and weather conditions.
  • a fourth objective is to provide a propulsion wing for ship, to lower the center of gravity of the ship.
  • a fifth objective is to offer a propulsion wing for ship, easy to use.
  • a propulsion wing of a ship comprising a mast defining a leading edge, a lower spar, an upper spar and a wing that can be deployed between a high position, in which wing extends between the lower and the upper spars, and a low position, in which the wing is gathered in the vicinity of the lower spar, wherein the propulsion wing comprises a nose defining a flange. flight, the wing then extending between the mast and the nose, and a winding system of the wing, housed in the lower spar so as to wind the wing in its low position.
  • the housing of the winding system in the lower spar reduces the weight in the upper wing and thus improve the stability of the ship when it is en route.
  • the wing comprises a reinforcing beam extending between the upper spar and the lower spar.
  • the reinforcing beam comprises a slide extending between the upper spar and the lower spar;
  • the wing comprises a wing support defining a lower plane, adapted to bear on an upper surface of the lower spar in the lower position of the wing, and an upper plane, adapted to come into contact with a lower surface of the wing; upper spar in the upper position of the wing;
  • the wing support comprises an opening, in which the beam is received, and at least one finger adapted to cooperate with the slide of the reinforcing beam;
  • the wing comprises two flaps connected to each other by the wing support;
  • the lower spar comprises a box in which is housed the winding system of the wing;
  • the wing comprises reinforcing bars, extending between the mast and the nose of the wing, and the wing support comprises a groove through which the reinforcing bars pass through the wing support when the wing is displaced from the wing; one position to another;
  • the wing comprises a main wing and a secondary wing connected to the main wing by means of an upper arm and a lower arm, the secondary wing being orientable relative to the main wing.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view from above of a vessel comprising a propulsion wing with a wing;
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view from above of a propulsion wing, the wing being in a high position;
  • FIG. 3 is a view similar to that of Figure 2 in which the wing is in an intermediate position, this view including, inset, a detail showing the guiding of the wing on the wing;
  • Figure 4 is a perspective view from above of a variant of the propulsion wing in which the wing is in the lower position;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic sectional view showing the wing and a winding mechanism of the wing;
  • Figure 6 is a top view of a wing support
  • Figure 7 is a perspective view from above of a propulsion wing according to an alternative embodiment
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view illustrating the movements of an air flow on a multiple propulsion wing.
  • FIG. 1 a vessel 1 comprising a wing 2 propulsion.
  • the wing 2 is rotatably mounted on a deck 3 of the ship 1, substantially perpendicular to it, by means of a base 4 secured to the deck 3.
  • the wing 2 is thus pivotable about an axis substantially perpendicular to the deck 3 of the ship 1.
  • the propulsion wing 2 comprises a mast 5 defining a leading edge 6, a lower spar 7, an upper spar 8 and a wing 9 that can be deployed between a high position, in which the wing extends between the spar. 7 and lower spar 8, and a low position, in which the wing 9 is collected in the vicinity of the spar 7 lower.
  • the wing 2 of propulsion also comprises a nose 10 which defines a trailing edge 11 of the wing 2.
  • the wing 9 thus extends between the mast 5 and the nose 10.
  • the wing 2 further comprises a system 12 for winding the wing 9, housed in the lower spar 7 so as to wind the wing 9 in its lower position.
  • the mast 5 comprises a hollow section, substantially in the shape of a half-ellipse forming a cavity 13, which defines the leading edge 6 of the wing 2.
  • the spars 7, 8 have a substantially triangular shape and are integral with the mast 5 so as to accompany it in its rotation, which allows to orient the wing 2 at will.
  • the nose 10, which extends at one end of the spars 7, 8 opposite the mast 5, has in horizontal section a shape of elliptical profile gutter delimiting a gutter 14.
  • the propulsion wing 2 In order to structurally reinforce the propulsion wing 2, it comprises a reinforcement beam 15 extending between the upper spar 8 and the lower spar 7.
  • the wing 2 comprises bars 16 which extend between the mast 5 and the nose 10, the bars 16 coming through the beam 15.
  • the beam comprises a substantially parallelepiped profile and has, on faces parallel to a plane defined between the mast 5 and the nose 10, a slide 17 which extends between the upper spar 8 and the lower spar 7.
  • the beam 15 and the reinforcement bars 16 are formed of hollow profiles offering good mechanical strength while having a weight content.
  • the wing 9 comprises two flaps 18 (only one of which is visible in the figures) placed on either side of the spars 7, 8, these flaps 18 being connected by a support 19 of wing 9 slidably mounted on the beam 15.
  • support 19 (shown in Figure 6) is in the form of a substantially trapezoidal rounded flat plate and, at its two opposite ends, has rounded shapes adapted to cooperate respectively with the cavity 13 of the mast 5 and with the gutter 14
  • the support 19 is delimited vertically by an upper plane 20 and a lower plane 21.
  • the support 19 also comprises at least one opening 22 in which the beam 15 is received, and at least one finger 23 adapted to cooperate with the slide 17 of the reinforcement beam 15, the support 19 being in this way movable in translation along of the reinforcement beam.
  • the support 19 may comprise a groove 24 (as shown in dashed lines in FIG. 6) to allow the passage of the bars 16 through the support 19 when the blade 9 is moved from one position to another.
  • the wing 9 can then be deployed between its high position and its low position along the reinforcement beam.
  • the upper plane comes into contact with a lower surface of the upper spar 8
  • the lower plane bears on an upper surface of the lower spar.
  • the wing 9 can adopt any intermediate position (Figure 3) between its low position and its high position so as to adapt the windward catch of the wing 2 propulsion depending on the wind force.
  • the support 19 prevents, when the wing 9 is in the intermediate position, that the air does not rush between the two flaps 18 of the sail 9, which could cause an increase in pressure between the two flaps 18 and , thus, a tear of the wing 9.
  • the wing is moved between its different positions by means of a system (not shown), for example a winch, to move the support 19 along the beam 15 reinforcement.
  • the winding system 12 is stored in the lower spar 7 as can be seen in FIG. 5.
  • the lower spar 7 comprises at least one caisson 27 (and in this case two caissons 27, from and other of the lower spar 7) in which the winding system 12 of the wing 9 is received.
  • the lower spar 7 comprises a slot 28 through which the flap 18 of the wing 9 enters or leaves the box 27.
  • the winding system 12 comprises an axis 29 and a motor (not shown) for driving the rotation of the axis 29, the motor control of the winding system 12 of the wing 9 being coupled to the displacement control of the support 19 of the wing 9.
  • the system 12 for winding the wing 9 winds up or unwinds the wing 9 so that it does not come to clutter the deck 3 of the ship.
  • the ship 1 may be equipped with a multiple propulsion wing 30, as illustrated in FIGS. 7 and 8.
  • This multiple propulsion wing 30 comprises a main wing 2 and a secondary wing 2 of smaller dimensions.
  • the wings 2 are connected to each other by means of an upper arm 31 and a lower arm 32.
  • the arms 31, 32 are fixed relative to the main wing 2, while the secondary wing 2 is pivotally mounted on the arms 31, 32.
  • the wing 30 can thus be bent so as to improve the wind resistance, for the benefit of the effectiveness of the propulsion of the vessel 1.
  • FIG 8 illustrates the movements of an air flow 33 on a multiple propulsion wing 30.
  • This wing 30 comprises an additional wing 2 (called tertiary wing). Breccias formed between the wings 2 make it possible to accelerate the air flows 33 on the extrados, that is to say on the outer part of the wing 2 when the latter is bent, thus increasing the lift and, consequently, the efficiency of the wing 2, on the basis of the Venturi principle.
  • a ship 1 can thus be equipped with one or more wing (s) 2 of single propulsion (s) (as shown in Figures 1 to 4), one or more wing (s) 2 double propulsion (s). or triple (s) (as shown in Figures 7 and 8) or a combination of wings 2 single and double or triple.
  • a wing 2 can be used on ships 1 of different tonnages or types, only its dimensions will be adapted to the size of the ship 1 on which the wing will be mounted.
  • the wing 2 comprising only very few heavy elements in its upper part

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a propulsion wing (2) of a ship (1), comprising a mast (5) defining a leading edge (6), a bottom spar (7), a top spar (8) and a sail (9) that can be unfurled between a top position, in which the sail extends between the bottom spar (7) and the top spar (8), and a bottom position, in which the sail (9) is gathered near the bottom spar (7), in which the propulsion wing (2) comprises a nose (10) defining a trailing edge (11), the sail (9) extending thus between the mast (5) and the nose (10), and a system (12) for furling the sail (9), housed in the bottom spar (7) in order to furl the sail (9) when said sail is at the bottom position.

Description

AILE DE PROPULSION POUR NAVIRE A VOILURE ENROULABLE  PROPULSION WING FOR ROLLING WING VESSEL
VERTICALEMENT  VERTICALLY
L'invention à trait à la propulsion des navires et plus particulièrement à la propulsion vélique des navires. Une des premières sources de propulsion des navires a été l'utilisation des forces véliques. Les voiles travaillent de deux manières, soit en écoulement décroché, c'est à dire en orientant la voile perpendiculairement à la direction du vent, soit en écoulement attaché, c'est à dire dans une direction sensiblement parallèle à la direction du vent, créant ainsi une force de portance apte à mouvoir le bateau. The invention relates to the propulsion of ships and more particularly to the propulsion of ships. One of the first sources of propulsion for ships was the use of sailing forces. The sails work in two ways, either in unhooked flow, ie by directing the sail perpendicular to the direction of the wind, or in flow attached, ie in a direction substantially parallel to the wind direction, creating and a lift force able to move the boat.
Il est connu d'utiliser des voilures rigides en lieu et place des voilures souples en raison des avantages que de telles voilures rigides présentent par rapport aux voilures souples, notamment en termes d'efficacité. En effet, les voilures rigides permettent aux navires de remonter plus proche du vent et induisent une traînée inférieure à celle d'une voilure souple. On cherche généralement à diminuer la traînée, qui par définition s'oppose à l'avancement. It is known to use rigid sails in place of flexible sails due to the advantages that such rigid sails have compared to soft sails, especially in terms of efficiency. In fact, rigid sails allow ships to come closer to the wind and induce a drag lower than that of a flexible wing. We generally try to reduce the drag, which by definition is opposed to advancement.
Le document EP 1 520 781 (MORANDI) propose une aile de propulsion pour navire, comprenant un mât, une bôme supérieure en tête de mât, une bôme inférieure en pied de mât et une voilure pouvant être déployée entre une position haute dans laquelle elle s'étend entre la bôme supérieure et la bôme inférieure et une position basse dans laquelle la voilure est écartée de la bôme supérieure. The document EP 1 520 781 (MORANDI) proposes a propulsion wing for a ship, comprising a mast, an upper boom at the masthead, a lower boom at the foot of the mast and a wing that can be deployed between a high position in which it s extends between the upper boom and the lower boom and a lower position in which the wing is spaced from the upper boom.
Ce document ne décrit malheureusement pas la manière dont la voilure est rangée dans sa position basse. Or une voilure non rangée peut se révéler dangereuse : en effet, elle augmente les interventions manuelles de l'équipage, encombre le pont du navire, et présente un risque d'accident pour les membres d'équipage. Unfortunately, this document does not describe how the sail is stored in its low position. However, an unsealed wing can be dangerous: it increases the manual interventions of the crew, clutters the deck of the ship, and presents a risk of accident for crew members.
De plus, ne pas (ou mal) ranger une voile réduit sa longévité. Une voilure non ou mal rangée peut également retenir de l'eau des lames se brisant sur le pont, générant ainsi un surpoids nuisible à la marche et à la stabilité du navire. Un premier objectif est de proposer une aile de propulsion pour navire, permettant de stocker la voilure sans encombre lorsque celle-ci n'est pas ou partiellement utilisée. In addition, not (or badly) stowing a sail reduces its longevity. An unsecured canopy can also hold water from deck breaking blades, resulting in an overweight that is detrimental to the gait and stability of the vessel. A first objective is to provide a propulsion wing for ship, to store the wing safely when it is not or partially used.
Un deuxième objectif est de proposer une aile de propulsion pour navire, permettant de réduire la prise au vent de l'aile lorsque le navire est amarré. A second objective is to provide a propulsion wing for ship, to reduce the wind gain of the wing when the ship is docked.
Un troisième objectif est de proposer une aile de propulsion pour navire, adaptable aux différentes forces du vent et conditions météorologiques. A third objective is to propose a propulsion wing for a ship, adaptable to different wind forces and weather conditions.
Un quatrième objectif est de proposer une aile de propulsion pour navire, permettant d'abaisser le centre de gravité du navire. Un cinquième objectif est de proposer une aile de propulsion pour navire, simple d'utilisation. A fourth objective is to provide a propulsion wing for ship, to lower the center of gravity of the ship. A fifth objective is to offer a propulsion wing for ship, easy to use.
A cet effet, il est proposé, en premier lieu, une aile de propulsion d'un navire, comprenant un mât définissant un bord d'attaque, un espar inférieur, un espar supérieur et une voilure pouvant être déployée entre une position haute, dans laquelle la voilure s'étend entre l'espar inférieur et l'espar supérieur, et une position basse, dans laquelle la voilure est rassemblée au voisinage de l'espar inférieur, dans laquelle l'aile de propulsion comprend un nez définissant un bord de fuite, la voilure s'étendant alors entre le mât et le nez, et un système d'enroulement de la voilure, logé dans l'espar inférieur de sorte à enrouler la voilure dans sa position basse. For this purpose, it is proposed, in the first place, a propulsion wing of a ship, comprising a mast defining a leading edge, a lower spar, an upper spar and a wing that can be deployed between a high position, in which wing extends between the lower and the upper spars, and a low position, in which the wing is gathered in the vicinity of the lower spar, wherein the propulsion wing comprises a nose defining a flange. flight, the wing then extending between the mast and the nose, and a winding system of the wing, housed in the lower spar so as to wind the wing in its low position.
Le logement du système d'enroulement dans l'espar inférieur permet de réduire le poids dans le haut de l'aile et ainsi d'améliorer la stabilité du navire lorsque celui-ci est en route. Diverses caractéristiques supplémentaires peuvent être prévues, seules ou en combinaison : l'aile comprend une poutre de renfort s'étendant entre l'espar supérieur et l'espar inférieur. ; The housing of the winding system in the lower spar reduces the weight in the upper wing and thus improve the stability of the ship when it is en route. Various additional features may be provided, alone or in combination: the wing comprises a reinforcing beam extending between the upper spar and the lower spar. ;
la poutre de renfort comprend une glissière s'étendant entre l'espar supérieur et l'espar inférieur ;  the reinforcing beam comprises a slide extending between the upper spar and the lower spar;
la voilure comprend un support de voilure définissant un plan inférieur, apte à venir en appui sur une surface supérieure de l'espar inférieur en position basse de la voilure, et un plan supérieur, apte à venir au contact d'une surface inférieure de l'espar supérieur en position haute de la voilure ;  the wing comprises a wing support defining a lower plane, adapted to bear on an upper surface of the lower spar in the lower position of the wing, and an upper plane, adapted to come into contact with a lower surface of the wing; upper spar in the upper position of the wing;
le support de voilure comprend une ouverture, dans laquelle est reçue la poutre, et au moins un doigt apte à coopérer avec la glissière de la poutre de renfort ;  the wing support comprises an opening, in which the beam is received, and at least one finger adapted to cooperate with the slide of the reinforcing beam;
la voilure comprend deux volets reliés l'un à l'autre par le support de voilure ;  the wing comprises two flaps connected to each other by the wing support;
l'espar inférieur comprend un caisson dans lequel est logé le système d'enroulement de la voilure ;  the lower spar comprises a box in which is housed the winding system of the wing;
- l'aile comprend des barreaux de renfort, s'étendant entre le mât et le nez de l'aile, et le support de voilure comprend une rainure par laquelle les barreaux de renfort traversent le support de voilure lorsque la voilure est déplacée d'une position à une autre ; the wing comprises reinforcing bars, extending between the mast and the nose of the wing, and the wing support comprises a groove through which the reinforcing bars pass through the wing support when the wing is displaced from the wing; one position to another;
l'aile comprend une aile principale et une aile secondaire raccordée à l'aile principale au moyen d'un bras supérieur et d'un bras inférieur, l'aile secondaire étant orientable par rapport à l'aile principale.  the wing comprises a main wing and a secondary wing connected to the main wing by means of an upper arm and a lower arm, the secondary wing being orientable relative to the main wing.
Il est proposé, en second lieu, un navire équipé d'une aile de propulsion telle que présentée ci-dessus. It is proposed, secondly, a vessel equipped with a propulsion wing as presented above.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront plus clairement et de manière concrète à la lecture de la description ci-après de modes de réalisation, laquelle est faite en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels : la figure 1 est une vue en perspective de dessus d'un navire comprenant une aile de propulsion munie d'une voilure ; Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear more clearly and concretely on reading the following description of embodiments, which is made with reference to the appended drawings in which: Figure 1 is a perspective view from above of a vessel comprising a propulsion wing with a wing;
la figure 2 est une vue en perspective de dessus d'une aile de propulsion, la voilure étant dans une position haute ;  Figure 2 is a perspective view from above of a propulsion wing, the wing being in a high position;
- la figure 3 est une vue similaire à celle de la figure 2 dans laquelle la voilure est dans une position intermédiaire, cette vue incluant, en médaillon, un détail montrant le guidage de la voilure sur l'aile ; - Figure 3 is a view similar to that of Figure 2 in which the wing is in an intermediate position, this view including, inset, a detail showing the guiding of the wing on the wing;
la figure 4 est une vue en perspective de dessus d'une variante de l'aile de propulsion dans la quelle la voilure est en position basse ; la figure 5 est une vue schématique en coupe montrant la voilure et un mécanisme d'enroulement de la voilure ;  Figure 4 is a perspective view from above of a variant of the propulsion wing in which the wing is in the lower position; Figure 5 is a schematic sectional view showing the wing and a winding mechanism of the wing;
la figure 6 est une vue de dessus d'un support de voilure ;  Figure 6 is a top view of a wing support;
la figure 7 est une vue en perspective de dessus d'une aile de propulsion selon une variante de réalisation ;  Figure 7 is a perspective view from above of a propulsion wing according to an alternative embodiment;
la figure 8 est une vue schématique illustrant les mouvements d'un flux d'air sur une aile de propulsion multiple.  Figure 8 is a schematic view illustrating the movements of an air flow on a multiple propulsion wing.
Sur la figure 1 est représenté un navire 1 comprenant une aile 2 de propulsion. L'aile 2 est montée en rotation sur un pont 3 du navire 1, sensiblement perpendiculairement à celui-ci, au moyen d'une base 4 solidaire du pont 3. L'aile 2 est ainsi pivotante autour d'un axe sensiblement perpendiculaire au pont 3 du navire 1. In Figure 1 is shown a vessel 1 comprising a wing 2 propulsion. The wing 2 is rotatably mounted on a deck 3 of the ship 1, substantially perpendicular to it, by means of a base 4 secured to the deck 3. The wing 2 is thus pivotable about an axis substantially perpendicular to the deck 3 of the ship 1.
L'aile 2 de propulsion comprend un mât 5 définissant un bord 6 d'attaque, un espar 7 inférieur, un espar 8 supérieur et une voilure 9 pouvant être déployée entre une position haute, dans laquelle la voilure s'étend entre l'espar 7 inférieur et l'espar 8 supérieur, et une position basse, dans laquelle la voilure 9 est rassemblée au voisinage de l'espar 7 inférieur. The propulsion wing 2 comprises a mast 5 defining a leading edge 6, a lower spar 7, an upper spar 8 and a wing 9 that can be deployed between a high position, in which the wing extends between the spar. 7 and lower spar 8, and a low position, in which the wing 9 is collected in the vicinity of the spar 7 lower.
L'aile 2 de propulsion comprend également un nez 10 qui définit un bord 11 de fuite de l'aile 2. La voilure 9 s'étend ainsi entre le mât 5 et le nez 10. L'aile 2 comprend en outre un système 12 d'enroulement de la voilure 9, logé dans l'espar 7 inférieur de sorte à enrouler la voilure 9 dans sa position basse. Le mât 5 comprend un profilé creux, sensiblement en forme de demi- ellipse formant une cavité 13, qui définit le bord 6 d'attaque de l'aile 2. The wing 2 of propulsion also comprises a nose 10 which defines a trailing edge 11 of the wing 2. The wing 9 thus extends between the mast 5 and the nose 10. The wing 2 further comprises a system 12 for winding the wing 9, housed in the lower spar 7 so as to wind the wing 9 in its lower position. The mast 5 comprises a hollow section, substantially in the shape of a half-ellipse forming a cavity 13, which defines the leading edge 6 of the wing 2.
Sur le mât 5 sont montés, respectivement en tête de mât 5 et en pied de mât 5, l'espar 8 supérieur et l'espar 7 inférieur. Les espars 7, 8 ont une forme sensiblement triangulaire et sont solidaires du mât 5 de sorte à accompagner celui-ci dans sa rotation, ce qui permet d'orienter l'aile 2 à volonté. On the mast 5 are mounted, respectively at the masthead 5 and at the foot of the mast 5, the upper spar 8 and the lower spar 7. The spars 7, 8 have a substantially triangular shape and are integral with the mast 5 so as to accompany it in its rotation, which allows to orient the wing 2 at will.
Le nez 10, qui s'étend à une extrémité des espars 7, 8 opposée au mât 5, présente en section horizontale une forme de gouttière à profil elliptique délimitant une gouttière 14. The nose 10, which extends at one end of the spars 7, 8 opposite the mast 5, has in horizontal section a shape of elliptical profile gutter delimiting a gutter 14.
Afin de renforcer structurellement l'aile 2 de propulsion, celle-ci comprend une poutre 15 de renfort s'étendant entre l'espar 8 supérieur et l'espar 7 inférieur. In order to structurally reinforce the propulsion wing 2, it comprises a reinforcement beam 15 extending between the upper spar 8 and the lower spar 7.
Selon un mode de réalisation particulier représenté sur la figure 4, l'aile 2 comprend des barreaux 16 qui s'étendent entre le mât 5 et le nez 10, les barreaux 16 venant traverser la poutre 15. According to a particular embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the wing 2 comprises bars 16 which extend between the mast 5 and the nose 10, the bars 16 coming through the beam 15.
Selon un mode de réalisation représenté sur les figures, la poutre comprend un profilé sensiblement parallélépipédique et présente, sur des faces parallèles à un plan défini entre le mât 5 et le nez 10, une glissière 17 qui s'étend entre l'espar 8 supérieur et l'espar 7 inférieur. According to one embodiment shown in the figures, the beam comprises a substantially parallelepiped profile and has, on faces parallel to a plane defined between the mast 5 and the nose 10, a slide 17 which extends between the upper spar 8 and the lower spar 7.
Dans l'exemple de réalisation représenté sur les figures, dans le but de réduire le poids de l'aile 2 afin d'abaisser le centre de gravité du navire 1 pour lui assurer une meilleure stabilité, la poutre 15 de renfort et les barreaux 16 sont formés de profilés creux offrant une bonne résistance mécanique tout ayant un poids contenu. La voilure 9 comprend deux volets 18 (dont un seul est visible sur les figures) placés de part et d'autre des espars 7, 8, ces volets 18 étant reliés par un support 19 de voilure 9 monté glissant sur la poutre 15. Le support 19 (représenté sur la figure 6) se présente sous forme d'un plat de forme sensiblement trapézoïdale arrondie et, à ses deux extrémités opposées, présente des formes arrondies aptes à coopérer respectivement avec la cavité 13 du mât 5 et avec la gouttière 14 du nez 10. Le support 19 est délimité verticalement par un plan 20 supérieur et un plan 21 inférieur. In the embodiment shown in the figures, in order to reduce the weight of the wing 2 to lower the center of gravity of the ship 1 to ensure greater stability, the beam 15 and the reinforcement bars 16 are formed of hollow profiles offering good mechanical strength while having a weight content. The wing 9 comprises two flaps 18 (only one of which is visible in the figures) placed on either side of the spars 7, 8, these flaps 18 being connected by a support 19 of wing 9 slidably mounted on the beam 15. support 19 (shown in Figure 6) is in the form of a substantially trapezoidal rounded flat plate and, at its two opposite ends, has rounded shapes adapted to cooperate respectively with the cavity 13 of the mast 5 and with the gutter 14 The support 19 is delimited vertically by an upper plane 20 and a lower plane 21.
Le support 19 comprend également au moins une ouverture 22 dans laquelle est reçue la poutre 15, et au moins un doigt 23 apte à coopérer avec la glissière 17 de la poutre 15 de renfort, le support 19 étant de la sorte mobile en translation le long de la poutre 15 de renfort. The support 19 also comprises at least one opening 22 in which the beam 15 is received, and at least one finger 23 adapted to cooperate with the slide 17 of the reinforcement beam 15, the support 19 being in this way movable in translation along of the reinforcement beam.
Enfin, le support 19 peut comprendre une rainure 24 (comme cela est représenté en pointillés sur la figure 6) pour permettre le passage des barreaux 16 au travers du support 19 lorsque la voilure 9 est déplacée d'une position à une autre. Finally, the support 19 may comprise a groove 24 (as shown in dashed lines in FIG. 6) to allow the passage of the bars 16 through the support 19 when the blade 9 is moved from one position to another.
La voilure 9 peut alors être déployée entre sa position haute et sa position basse le long de la poutre 15 de renfort. Ainsi, lorsque la voilure 9 est en position haute (figure 2) le plan 20 supérieur vient au contact d'une surface 25 inférieure de l'espar 8 supérieur, tandis que, lorsque la voilure 9 est en position basse (figure 4), le plan 21 inférieur vient en appui sur une surface 26 supérieure de l'espar 7 inférieur. The wing 9 can then be deployed between its high position and its low position along the reinforcement beam. Thus, when the wing 9 is in the up position (FIG. 2), the upper plane comes into contact with a lower surface of the upper spar 8, whereas, when the wing 9 is in the lower position (FIG. 4), the lower plane bears on an upper surface of the lower spar.
En outre, la voilure 9 peut adopter toute position intermédiaire (figure 3) entre sa position basse et sa position haute de sorte à adapter la prise au vent de l'aile 2 de propulsion en fonction de la force du vent. In addition, the wing 9 can adopt any intermediate position (Figure 3) between its low position and its high position so as to adapt the windward catch of the wing 2 propulsion depending on the wind force.
Le support 19 permet d'empêcher, lorsque la voilure 9 est en position intermédiaire, que l'air ne s'engouffre pas entre les deux volets 18 de la voile 9, ce qui pourrait entraîner une augmentation de pression entre les deux volets 18 et, ainsi, une déchirure de la voilure 9. La voilure est mue entre ses différentes positions au moyen d'un système (non représenté), par exemple un treuil, permettant de déplacer le support 19 le long de la poutre 15 de renfort. Le système 12 d'enroulement est stocké dans l'espar 7 inférieur comme cela est visible sur la figure 5. A cet effet, l'espar 7 inférieur comprend au moins un caisson 27 (et en l'espèce deux caissons 27, de part et d'autre de l'espar 7 inférieur) dans lequel est reçu le système 12 d'enroulement de la voilure 9. Comme on le voit sur la figure 5, l'espar 7 inférieur comprend une fente 28 par laquelle le volet 18 de la voilure 9 entre ou sort du caisson 27. The support 19 prevents, when the wing 9 is in the intermediate position, that the air does not rush between the two flaps 18 of the sail 9, which could cause an increase in pressure between the two flaps 18 and , thus, a tear of the wing 9. The wing is moved between its different positions by means of a system (not shown), for example a winch, to move the support 19 along the beam 15 reinforcement. The winding system 12 is stored in the lower spar 7 as can be seen in FIG. 5. For this purpose, the lower spar 7 comprises at least one caisson 27 (and in this case two caissons 27, from and other of the lower spar 7) in which the winding system 12 of the wing 9 is received. As seen in FIG. 5, the lower spar 7 comprises a slot 28 through which the flap 18 of the wing 9 enters or leaves the box 27.
Le système 12 d'enroulement comprend un axe 29 et un moteur (non représenté) permettant l'entraînement en rotation de l'axe 29, la commande du moteur du système 12 d'enroulement de la voilure 9 étant couplée à la commande de déplacement du support 19 de voilure 9. Ainsi, lorsque la voilure 9 est mue pour atteindre la position souhaitée, le système 12 d'enroulement de la voilure 9 enroule ou déroule la voilure 9 afin que celle-ci ne vienne pas encombrer le pont 3 du navire. The winding system 12 comprises an axis 29 and a motor (not shown) for driving the rotation of the axis 29, the motor control of the winding system 12 of the wing 9 being coupled to the displacement control of the support 19 of the wing 9. Thus, when the wing 9 is moved to reach the desired position, the system 12 for winding the wing 9 winds up or unwinds the wing 9 so that it does not come to clutter the deck 3 of the ship.
Selon un mode particulier de réalisation, le navire 1 peut être équipé d'une aile 30 de propulsion multiple, comme illustré sur les figures 7 et 8. Cette aile 30 de propulsion multiple comprend une aile 2 principale et une aile 2 secondaire de dimensions inférieures. Les ailes 2 sont reliées l'une à l'autre au moyen d'un bras 31 supérieur et d'un bras 32 inférieur. Les bras 31, 32 sont fixes par rapport à l'aile 2 principale, tandis que l'aile 2 secondaire est montée pivotante sur les bras 31, 32. L'aile 30 peut ainsi être courbée de sorte à améliorer la prise au vent, au bénéfice de l'efficacité de la propulsion du navire 1. According to a particular embodiment, the ship 1 may be equipped with a multiple propulsion wing 30, as illustrated in FIGS. 7 and 8. This multiple propulsion wing 30 comprises a main wing 2 and a secondary wing 2 of smaller dimensions. . The wings 2 are connected to each other by means of an upper arm 31 and a lower arm 32. The arms 31, 32 are fixed relative to the main wing 2, while the secondary wing 2 is pivotally mounted on the arms 31, 32. The wing 30 can thus be bent so as to improve the wind resistance, for the benefit of the effectiveness of the propulsion of the vessel 1.
La figure 8 illustre les mouvements d'un flux 33 d'air sur une aile 30 de propulsion multiple. Cette aile 30 comprend une aile 2 supplémentaire (appelée aile tertiaire). Des brèches formées entre les ailes 2 permettent d'accélérer les flux 33 d'air sur l'extrados, c'est à dire sur la partie externe de l'aile 2 lorsque celle-ci est courbée, augmentant ainsi la portance et, par voie de conséquence, le rendement de l'aile 2, sur la base du principe de Venturi. Figure 8 illustrates the movements of an air flow 33 on a multiple propulsion wing 30. This wing 30 comprises an additional wing 2 (called tertiary wing). Breccias formed between the wings 2 make it possible to accelerate the air flows 33 on the extrados, that is to say on the outer part of the wing 2 when the latter is bent, thus increasing the lift and, consequently, the efficiency of the wing 2, on the basis of the Venturi principle.
Un navire 1 peut ainsi être équipé d'une ou plusieurs aile(s) 2 de propulsion simple(s) (telle que représentée sur les figures 1 à 4), d'une ou plusieurs aile(s) 2 de propulsion double(s) ou triple(s) (telle que représentée sur les figures 7 et 8) ou d'une combinaison d'ailes 2 simples et doubles ou triples. Enfin, une aile 2 peut être utilisée sur des navires 1 de différents tonnages ou de différents types, seules ses dimensions seront adaptées à la taille du navire 1 sur lequel l'aile sera montée. A ship 1 can thus be equipped with one or more wing (s) 2 of single propulsion (s) (as shown in Figures 1 to 4), one or more wing (s) 2 double propulsion (s). or triple (s) (as shown in Figures 7 and 8) or a combination of wings 2 single and double or triple. Finally, a wing 2 can be used on ships 1 of different tonnages or types, only its dimensions will be adapted to the size of the ship 1 on which the wing will be mounted.
Parmi les avantages procurés par l'aile 2 de propulsion présentée ci- dessus, on peut citer: le stockage de la voilure 9 dans le caisson 27 de l'espar 7 inférieur, permettant une circulation facile autour de l'aile 2 de propulsion sans risque de trébucher sur la voilure 9 ; Among the advantages provided by the propulsion wing 2 presented above, there may be mentioned: the storage of the wing 9 in the box 27 of the lower spar 7, allowing easy circulation around the wing 2 propulsion without risk of tripping on wing 9;
- l'adaptation de la surface de voilure 9 exposée au vent en fonction des conditions météorologiques et/ou du besoin de propulsion, la voilure 9 pouvant adopter différentes positions ; the adaptation of the wind-blown wing surface 9 as a function of the meteorological conditions and / or of the propulsion requirement, the wing 9 being able to adopt different positions;
l'amélioration de la stabilité du navire 1, l'aile 2 ne comprenant que très peu d'éléments lourds dans sa partie haute, et  improving the stability of the ship 1, the wing 2 comprising only very few heavy elements in its upper part, and
- la simplicité d'utilisation, la commande d'enroulement ou de déroulement de la voile étant couplée à la commande de déplacement du support 19 de voilure. - The ease of use, winding or unwinding control of the sail being coupled to the movement control of the support 19 wing.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Aile (2) de propulsion d'un navire (1), comprenant un mât (5) définissant un bord (6) d'attaque, un espar (7) inférieur, un espar (8) supérieur et une voilure (9) pouvant être déployée entre une position haute, dans laquelle la voilure s'étend entre l'espar (7) inférieur et l'espar (8) supérieur, et une position basse, dans laquelle la voilure (9) est rassemblée au voisinage de l'espar (7) inférieur, caractérisée en ce que l'aile (2) de propulsion comprend un nez (10) définissant un bord (11) de fuite, la voilure (9) s'étendant alors entre le mât (5) et le nez (10), et un système (12) d'enroulement de la voilure (9), logé dans l'espar (7) inférieur de sorte à enrouler la voilure (9) dans sa position basse. A propulsion wing (2) of a ship (1), comprising a mast (5) defining a leading edge (6), a lower spar (7), an upper spar (8) and a wing (9). ) that can be deployed between a high position, in which the wing extends between the lower spar (7) and the upper spar (8), and a lower position, in which the wing (9) is gathered in the vicinity of the spar (7) lower, characterized in that the propulsion wing (2) comprises a nose (10) defining a trailing edge (11), the wing (9) then extending between the mast (5) and the nose (10), and a system (12) for winding the wing (9), housed in the spar (7) lower so as to wind the wing (9) in its lower position.
2. Aile (2) selon la revendication 1 caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend une poutre (15) de renfort s'étendant entre l'espar (8) supérieur et l'espar (7) inférieur. 2. Wing (2) according to claim 1 characterized in that it comprises a beam (15) of reinforcement extending between the spar (8) and the upper spar (7) lower.
3. Aile (2) selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que la poutre (15) de renfort comprend une glissière (17) s'étendant entre l'espar (8) supérieur et l'espar (7) inférieur. 3. Wing (2) according to claim 2, characterized in that the beam (15) reinforcing comprises a slide (17) extending between the spar (8) and the upper espar (7) lower.
4. Aile (2) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la voilure (9) comprend un support (19) de voilure (9) définissant un plan (21) inférieur, apte à venir en appui sur une surface (26) supérieure de l'espar (7) inférieur en position basse de la voilure (9), et un plan (20) supérieur, apte à venir au contact d'une surface (25) inférieure de l'espar (8) supérieur en position haute de la voilure (9). 4. Wing (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wing (9) comprises a support (19) of wing (9) defining a plane (21) lower, able to bear against a upper surface (26) of the lower spar (7) in the lower position of the wing (9), and an upper plane (20) capable of coming into contact with a lower surface (25) of the spar (8). ) upper in the upper position of the wing (9).
5. Aile (2) selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que le support (19) de voilure (9) comprend une ouverture (22), dans laquelle la poutre (15) est reçue, et au moins un doigt (23) apte à coopérer avec la glissière (17) de la poutre (15) de renfort. 5. Wing (2) according to claim 4, characterized in that the support (19) of wing (9) comprises an opening (22), wherein the beam (15) is received, and at least one finger (23) adapted to cooperate with the slide (17) of the beam (15) of reinforcement.
6. Aile (2) selon la revendication 4 ou la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que la voilure (9) comprend deux volets (18) reliés l'un à l'autre par le support (19) de voilure (9). 6. Wing (2) according to claim 4 or claim 5, characterized in that the wing (9) comprises two flaps (18) connected to each other by the support (19) wing (9).
7. Aile (2) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'espar (7) inférieur comprend un caisson (27) dans lequel est logé le système (12) d'enroulement de la voilure (9). 7. Wing (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spar (7) below comprises a box (27) in which is housed the system (12) winding of the wing (9) .
8. Aile (2) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 à 7, caractérisée en ce que l'aile (2) comprend des barreaux (16) de renfort, s'étendant entre le mât (5) et le nez (10) de l'aile, et le support (19) de voilure (9) comprend une rainure (24) par laquelle les barreaux (16) de renfort traversent le support (19) de voilure (9) lorsque la voilure (9) est déplacée d'une position à une autre. 8. Wing (2) according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that the wing (2) comprises reinforcing bars (16) extending between the mast (5) and the nose (10). ) of the wing, and the support (19) of wing (9) comprises a groove (24) through which the bars (16) of reinforcement pass through the support (19) of wing (9) when the wing (9) is moved from one position to another.
9. Aile (2) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'aile (2) comprend une aile (2) principale et une aile (2) secondaire raccordée à l'aile (2) principale au moyen d'un bras (31) supérieur et d'un bras (32) inférieur, l'aile (2) secondaire étant orientable par rapport à l'aile (2) principale. 9. Wing (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wing (2) comprises a main wing (2) and a wing (2) secondary connected to the main wing (2) by means an upper arm (31) and a lower arm (32), the secondary wing (2) being orientable relative to the main wing (2).
10. Navire (1) équipé d'une aile (2) de propulsion selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes. 10. Ship (1) equipped with a wing (2) for propulsion according to any one of the preceding claims.
PCT/FR2015/050061 2014-01-14 2015-01-12 Propulsion wing for ship with vertically furlable sail WO2015107291A1 (en)

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FR1450263A FR3016340A1 (en) 2014-01-14 2014-01-14 PROPULSION WING FOR VERTICALLY WINDABLE WING VESSEL
FR1450263 2014-01-14

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US88543A (en) * 1869-04-06 Improvement in reefing- fore-and-aft sails
GB656400A (en) * 1944-06-01 1951-08-22 Paul Fernand Marcel Lajoinie Device and arrangement for the rigging of sails and derricks operated mechanically in sailing ships
GB2260112A (en) * 1991-10-01 1993-04-07 Peter Bernard Shaw Luckman Device for rolling up a sail
NL9400478A (en) * 1993-08-26 1995-03-16 Rondal Bv Boom for a sailing boat
WO1995026296A1 (en) * 1994-03-25 1995-10-05 Rondal B.V. Boom-structure
DE10025235A1 (en) * 2000-05-22 2001-11-29 Wilfried Hofberger Mainsail rolling-up device consists of rotatable tube fitted parallel to boom of existing rig and one or more elongated slots to receive sail head
EP1520781A1 (en) 2003-10-02 2005-04-06 Ezio Morandi Variable profile wing sail system for sailboats
WO2012076945A1 (en) * 2010-12-07 2012-06-14 Zetech S.R.L. Sailing vessel

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US88543A (en) * 1869-04-06 Improvement in reefing- fore-and-aft sails
GB656400A (en) * 1944-06-01 1951-08-22 Paul Fernand Marcel Lajoinie Device and arrangement for the rigging of sails and derricks operated mechanically in sailing ships
GB2260112A (en) * 1991-10-01 1993-04-07 Peter Bernard Shaw Luckman Device for rolling up a sail
NL9400478A (en) * 1993-08-26 1995-03-16 Rondal Bv Boom for a sailing boat
WO1995026296A1 (en) * 1994-03-25 1995-10-05 Rondal B.V. Boom-structure
DE10025235A1 (en) * 2000-05-22 2001-11-29 Wilfried Hofberger Mainsail rolling-up device consists of rotatable tube fitted parallel to boom of existing rig and one or more elongated slots to receive sail head
EP1520781A1 (en) 2003-10-02 2005-04-06 Ezio Morandi Variable profile wing sail system for sailboats
WO2012076945A1 (en) * 2010-12-07 2012-06-14 Zetech S.R.L. Sailing vessel

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