Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
  • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
  • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
  • H01M10/482—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
  • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
  • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
  • H01M10/4257—Smart batteries, e.g. electronic circuits inside the housing of the cells or batteries
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
  • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
  • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
  • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
  • H01M2010/4278—Systems for data transfer from batteries, e.g. transfer of battery parameters to a controller, data transferred between battery controller and main controller
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
  • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
  • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
  • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles

Definitions

• a battery management system for monitoring and controlling the operation of a battery and battery system having such a battery management system
• the invention relates to a battery management system for monitoring and regulating the operation of a rechargeable, a plurality of battery cells comprising battery, which a control unit, a separation unit for galvanic isolation of the battery from a consumer and / or a charger, a plurality of each at least one battery cell to be assigned Cell monitoring units and a communication system for transmitting and / or receiving data, wherein the battery management system is designed in part for operation at high voltage potential and partly for operation at low voltage potential.
• the invention relates to a battery system with a rechargeable, a plurality of battery cells comprehensive battery and a battery management system for monitoring and regulating the operation of the battery.
• Input called battery management systems are used in battery systems, which comprise a battery with a plurality of electrically interconnected battery cells, in particular rechargeable lithium-ion cells, in particular for monitoring and regulating the operation of the battery.
• the operation of a battery of a battery system comprises in particular the discharge of a battery, that is, in particular the use of such a battery with a corresponding electrical Consumers, as well as the charging of a battery, that is, the recharging of a battery.
• the battery management system typically assures reliable operation taking into account battery, safety, performance and / or lifetime requirements.
• CSCs Cell Supervision Circuits
• BCU Battery Control Unit
• WO 2008/055505 A1 and US 2010/0052428 A1 disclose systems for monitoring battery cells, wherein a master-slave architecture is used to transmit data from the battery cells of a battery to units.
• the use of a master-slave architecture for the transmission of data in a battery management system is also known from the documents WO 2012/165771 A2, US 2008/0086247 A1 and US 2012/0235483 A1.
• control unit unit determines battery characteristics, such as the state of charge of individual battery cells, which is also referred to as state of charge (SOC), and the aging of individual battery cells, which is also referred to as state of health (SOH).
• SOC state of charge
• SOH state of health
• battery management systems usually include contactors as a disconnecting unit for the galvanic separation of the battery from a consumer and / or a charging device.
• a separation unit is usually designed to receive control signals as data, wherein the control of the separation unit is also carried out by the control unit.
• the control unit is assigned the task of electrically isolating individual battery cells or a group of battery cells, in particular individual battery modules, from the pole connections of the battery via the activation of the separation unit if detected measured values indicate a safety-critical condition of these battery cells.
• Such disconnection of battery cells is of great importance in order to keep greater damage both from the battery and from an electrical consumer device fed by the battery or a charging device recharging the battery.
• An object of the present invention is therefore to provide a battery management system, which is in particular less expensive to produce.
• the proposed battery management system should also be further improved with regard to safe operation of a battery system.
• a battery management system for monitoring and regulating the operation of a rechargeable battery comprising a plurality of battery cells, comprising a control unit, a separation unit for galvanically isolating the battery from a load and / or a charger, a plurality of in each case at least one battery cell
• the battery management system is designed, in part, for operation at high-voltage potential and partly for operation at low-voltage potential and transmission of data from the cell monitoring units using the communication system to the master-slave Principle, wherein one of the cell monitoring units is a master cell monitoring unit, which is designed for operation at high voltage potential and for operation at low voltage potential, and wherein the further cell monitoring units are slave cell monitoring units, which are designed for operation at high voltage potential.
• the slave cell monitoring units are designed exclusively for operation at high-voltage potential (HV potential, HV: high voltage), that is to say that the slave cell monitoring units are not operated for operation at low-voltage potential (LV potential, LV voltage low). are formed. Furthermore, it is provided, in particular, that when the battery management system according to the invention is used to monitor and regulate the operation of a battery, the units and / or components of the battery management system, in particular the cell monitoring units, designed for operation at high voltage potential (HV Potential; HV: High Voltage), at least partially are directly connected to the battery cells of the battery, so they are connected to a high voltage circuit of the battery system.
• HV Potential High Voltage
• the battery management system further comprises a low-voltage circuit, wherein the units and / or components of the battery management system designed for operation on low-voltage potential (LV potential, LV voltage low-voltage), in particular the control unit, on which Low-voltage circuit are connected.
• low-voltage potential LV potential, LV voltage low-voltage
• the slave cell monitoring units according to the invention are designed exclusively for operation at high voltage potential, With the cell monitoring units, the low-voltage range necessary for communication via a private communication bus on the cell monitoring units is eliminated, so that the battery management system according to the invention can advantageously be produced at lower cost. A separation between high voltage potential and low voltage potential is advantageously carried out on the master cell monitoring unit.
• the control unit of the battery management system is preferably a central control unit, in particular a so-called battery control unit (BCU).
• BCU battery control unit
• the control unit is designed to perform central control tasks.
• the control unit unit is connected via the communication system with the cell monitoring units for receiving data and receives from the cell monitoring units detected operating parameters, in particular battery cell voltages and / or battery cell temperatures.
• the received data are evaluated by the control unit.
• battery characteristics such as the state of charge of SOC (battery cells) and / or the state of health of SOH (SOH) are determined during the evaluation.
• the control unit unit preferably has a communication interface via which the control unit unit can communicate with further control unit units which do not belong to the battery management system.
• the control unit of the battery management system is preferably formed, via the communication interface with vehicle control devices, such as a so-called Vehicle Control Unit (VCU) to communicate.
• VCU Vehicle Control Unit
• a VCU assumes functions such as the coordination of the drive torque, the charge management and / or the control of vehicle states, such as "loading", “driving” or “parking”.
• the cell monitoring units of the battery system according to the invention are preferably designed to take over sensory functions, in particular for detecting battery cell voltages and / or battery cell temperatures, and / or for carrying out charge equalization between the battery cells.
• the cell monitoring units are so-called Cell Supervision Circuits (CSC), wherein the trained as a slave cell monitoring units (slave cell monitoring units) according to the invention have no low voltage range, whereas the trained as a master cell monitoring unit (master cell monitoring unit) according to the invention both a high voltage range and a Low voltage range has.
• CSC Cell Supervision Circuits
• master cell monitoring unit master cell monitoring unit
• a cell monitoring unit is assigned in each case exactly one battery cell.
• no evaluation of detected operating parameters takes place on the cell monitoring units.
• the master cell monitoring unit is connected via the communication system with the control unit and with the separation unit for the transmission of data.
• operating parameters detected in particular by the cell monitoring units in particular battery cell voltages and / or battery cell temperatures, can be transmitted to the control unit and the separation unit, which are advantageously designed to evaluate received operating parameters and / or to use them as manipulated variables.
• the control unit is designed for operation at low-voltage potential, wherein a transfer of data between the master cell monitoring unit and the control unit to low-voltage potential.
• the control unit is designed exclusively for operation on low-voltage potential, that is, that the control unit unit is not designed to operate at high voltage potential.
• An exclusively to low-voltage potential to be operated control unit is advantageously cheaper to produce.
• the separation unit has an evaluation unit for evaluating received data. Furthermore, the separation unit is advantageously designed for operation at high-voltage potential and for operation at low-voltage potential, with a transfer of data between the master cell monitoring unit and the separation unit to high-voltage potential and / or low-voltage potential.
• the separation unit is advantageously equipped with quasi "intelligence", whereby the functionality of the separation unit is advantageously extended compared to known separation units, in particular compared to simple contactors ..
• the separation unit for controlling switching elements further comprises a control device
• the separation unit is advantageously designed by the evaluation unit and / or the control device to assume safety-relevant functions, in particular to trigger a galvanic separation of the battery from a load and / or charging device, advantageously without a corresponding control of the separation unit by the control unit is required
• Control unit advantageously no in connection with a galvanic isolation of the battery from a consumer and / or charger connected safety functions.
• the battery management system comprises at least one current measuring device for measuring an electric current of the battery, wherein the at least one current measuring device is connected to the separation unit, preferably via the high voltage circuit, and the separation unit is designed to receive data measured by the at least one current measuring device as data.
• the current measuring device may be a shunt.
• currents measured by the at least one current measuring device are evaluated by the evaluation unit of the separation unit with regard to the presence of a critical operating state.
• the current measuring device is connected to the separation unit via a LIN bus (LIN: Local Interconnect Network).
• LIN Local Interconnect Network
• a further advantageous embodiment of the battery management system according to the invention provides that the communication system comprises a first communication line and / or a second communication line, wherein the first communication line and / or the second communication line interconnects the cell monitoring units for transmitting data, wherein a transmission of data between the Master cell monitoring unit and the slave cell monitoring units according to the daisy-chain principle to high voltage potential.
• the communication system preferably has a first communication line and a second communication line, wherein the second communication line is designed as an alarm line redundant to the first communication line.
• the slave cell monitoring units communicate with the master cell monitoring unit on the basis of a daisy-chain concept with a proprietary protocol, in particular using an SPI (SPI: Serial Peripheral Interface).
• SPI Serial Peripheral Interface
• the first communication line further connects the master cell monitoring unit to the control unit for transmitting data, wherein a transmission of data from the slave cell monitoring units via the master cell monitoring unit to the Control unit according to the daisy-chain principle, in particular to low-voltage potential.
• the slave cell monitoring units communicate via the master cell monitoring unit with the control unit according to the daisy-chain principle, in particular using an SPI.
• the control unit unit preferably comprises a daisy-chain host computing device.
• the second communication line further connects the master cell monitoring unit for transmitting data with the separation unit, wherein a transmission of data from the slave cell monitoring units via the master cell monitoring unit to the separation unit according to the daisy chain principle, in particular to low-voltage potential.
• all security-relevant data via the second communication line which is preferably designed as an alarm line, are transmitted redundantly to the data transmitted to the control unit via the first communication line data to the separation unit.
• the redundant transmission of security-relevant data (daisy chain and alarm line) between the cell monitoring units and the control unit and between the cell monitoring units and the separation unit advantageously further increases the system security as well as an ASIL decomposition (ASIL: Automotive Safety Integrity Level, cf. ISO 26262).
• the communication system comprises at least one communication bus which connects the master cell monitoring unit with the control unit and / or the master cell monitoring unit with the separation unit for transmitting data.
• the slave cell monitoring units communicate with the master cell monitoring units both via a first one Communication line according to the daisy-chain principle as well as a second communication line, which is designed as redundant to the first communication line alarm line.
• the communication between the master cell monitoring unit and the control unit or the communication between the master cell monitoring unit and the separation unit is then advantageously via the communication bus, in particular via a private bus, preferably via a CAN bus (CAN: Controller Area Network).
• the master cell monitoring unit is designed to implement a proprietary daisy-chain protocol in a protocol which is used for transmission via the communication bus, in particular in a CAN protocol.
• all security-relevant data are transmitted redundantly to the data transmission via the communication bus via an alarm line, in particular to the separation unit, wherein the alarm line advantageously directly connects the master cell monitoring unit with the separation unit and thus directly influences the master cell monitoring unit can take on a galvanic separation of the battery from a consumer and / or charging device, in particular by controlling switching elements of the separation unit, in particular contactors of the separation unit.
• the communication system comprises a further communication bus, wherein the control unit is connectable via the further communication bus for the transmission of data with another control unit.
• the further control unit is a vehicle control unit, in particular a vehicle control unit (VCU).
• VCU vehicle control unit
• the control unit is thus advantageously designed to transmit data received from the cell monitoring units via the further communication bus to a further control unit connected to the communication bus.
• the transmission of data via the further communication bus is preferably carried out at low voltage potential.
• the control unit for the transmission of data via the communication system is connected to the separation unit, preferably via a communication bus of the communication system, in particular to low-voltage potential.
• the battery management system is embodied such that data can be transmitted from the cell monitoring units via the control unit to the separation unit and redundantly via an alarm line at least safety-relevant data can be transmitted directly from the slave cell monitoring units via the master cell monitoring unit to the separation unit.
• a further advantageous embodiment of the battery management system provides that the control unit is a vehicle control unit, which is designed to perform central control tasks of a battery management system.
• the control unit is a VCU, which is extended by the functionality of a battery control unit (BCU).
• BCU battery control unit
• the vehicle control unit is advantageously integrated into the battery management system.
• the vehicle control unit is designed to perform non-safety-critical or non-safety-critical functions of the battery management system
• the separation unit is designed to perform safety-relevant or safety-critical functions or perform what the separation unit advantageously an evaluation and control device, preferably a control unit and a Controller, and controllable switching elements has.
• a battery system with a rechargeable, a plurality of battery cells comprehensive battery and a battery management system for monitoring and regulating the operation of the battery is further proposed, wherein the battery management system according to the invention Battery management system is. It is provided in particular that a cell monitoring unit of the Battenemanagennentsystenns is assigned in each case exactly one battery cell of the battery. In particular, it is provided that battery cells of the battery system are electrically connected to battery modules, wherein the battery modules are electrically connected to the battery. Furthermore, according to an advantageous embodiment variant, it is provided that the battery management system of a battery system which has a plurality of battery modules has a master cell monitoring unit for each battery module.
• FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a simplified representation of an embodiment of an inventive
• Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a simplified representation of another embodiment of an inventive
• FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a simplified representation of another embodiment of a battery management system according to the invention.
• FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 each show a block diagram of a battery management system 1 for monitoring and regulating the operation of a rechargeable battery comprising a plurality of battery cells.
• the battery management system 1 illustrated in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 in each case comprises a control unit 2, a plurality of cell monitoring units 3, 5 (only three cell monitoring units are shown in the figures for better clarity), a separation unit 4 for galvanic Disconnecting the battery from a consumer and / or charging device, a communication system and a current measuring device 6, which can be realized in particular as a shunt.
• a use of the battery management system 1 shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 is provided in battery systems used in electric vehicles.
• a transmission of data from the cell monitoring units 3, 5 of the Battehemanagementsystenne 1 shown in the figures is carried out using the communication system according to the master-slave principle.
• a cell monitoring unit 5 is designed as a master, the other cell monitoring units 3 are designed as a slave.
• the master cell monitoring unit 5 (master cell monitoring unit) grants access to the other cell monitoring units 3 (slave cell monitoring units) for a limited time.
• the master cell monitoring unit 5 thus determines the frequency of communication by querying the subordinate slave cell monitoring units 3.
• a slave cell monitoring unit 3 preferably responds only when it is addressed by the master cell monitoring unit 5.
• 1, 2 and 3 comprises a first communication line 11 and a second communication line 12, the first communication line 11 and the second communication line 12 the cell monitoring units 3, 5 for the transmission of Connect data with each other, wherein a transfer of data between the master cell monitoring unit 5 and the slave cell monitoring units 3 preferably takes place according to the daisy chain principle.
• the battery management system 1 is in each case partially connected to a high-voltage circuit (hatching from bottom left to top right) and partially to a low-voltage circuit (hatching from top left to right below).
• the battery management system 1 is accordingly partially for operation at high voltage potential (HV Potential, HV: high voltage) and partly designed for operation at low-voltage potential (LV potential, LV: low voltage).
• the slave cell monitoring units 3 are designed exclusively for operation at high-voltage potential and not for operation at low-voltage potential.
• the master cell monitoring unit 5 is designed for operation at high-voltage potential and for operation at low-voltage potential. On the master cell monitoring unit 5, a galvanic separation takes place between the high voltage potential and the low voltage potential.
• the separation unit 4 for galvanic isolation of a battery from a consumer and / or charging device of the battery management systems 1 shown in the figures each comprise an evaluation unit (not explicitly shown in the figures) and a control device (not explicitly shown in the figures).
• the control device of the separation unit 4 is designed to control switching elements of the separation unit 4 (not explicitly shown in the figures), wherein via the switching elements, a battery of a consumer and / or a charging device is electrically separable.
• the separation unit 4 further includes a high voltage region (hatching from lower left to upper right) and a low voltage region (hatching from upper left to lower right) and is accordingly designed to operate at high voltage potential and operate at low voltage potential.
• the current measuring device 6 of the battery management system 1, in particular a shunt, is in the illustrated embodiments in each case via a communication link 9, preferably a LIN bus, directly connected to the high voltage region of the separation unit 4.
• a communication link 9 preferably a LIN bus
• the separation unit 4 is advantageously further configured to receive and evaluate a crash signal transmitted via the signal line 7 as data in order to trigger a galvanic separation of the battery from a load and / or a charging device, if required.
• the Separation unit 4 advantageously designed to monitor a HV interlock signal (HV: High Voltage), which is provided to the separation unit 4 via the signal line 8.
• HV High Voltage
• the communication system comprises a communication bus 1 1 ", which is designed as a CAN bus and via which the communication between the master cell monitoring unit 5 and the control unit 2 and between the master cell monitoring unit 5 and the separation unit 4.
• the master cell monitoring unit 5 is designed to implement a proprietary daisy-chain protocol in a CAN protocol 1, which connects the cell monitoring units 3, 5, also connects the master cell monitoring unit 5 to the separation unit 4 in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1.
• a transmission of data takes place via the communication line 12 according to the daisy chain principle on high-pass nisserspotential.
• the second communication line 12 between the master cell monitoring unit 5 and the separation unit 4 is advantageously designed as an alarm line.
• the master cell monitoring unit 5 advantageously can directly influence the switching element control of the separation unit 4.
• the communication system of the battery management system 1 illustrated in FIG. 1 also has a further communication bus 14 via which the control unit 2 is connected to a vehicle control unit 10 for exchanging data.
• the communication bus 14 is preferably also a CAN bus.
• the vehicle control unit 10 is preferably a so-called vehicle control unit (VCU), which in particular functionalities such as the coordination of the drive torque, charging management and / or the control of vehicle conditions, such as loading, driving, parking, etc. exercises.
• VCU vehicle control unit
• the Control unit 2 received and / or evaluated data can be transmitted via the communication bus 14 to the vehicle control unit 10.
• VCU vehicle control unit
• the communication system comprises a first communication line 11 and a second communication line 12, the first communication line 11 and the second communication line 12 interconnecting the cell monitoring units 3, 5 for the transmission of data.
• the first communication line 1 1 connects the master cell monitoring unit 5 to the control unit 2 for the transmission of data
• the transmission of data from the slave cell monitoring units 3 via the master cell monitoring unit 5 to the control unit 2 according to the daisy chain principle takes place, preferably using a Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI).
• SPI Serial Peripheral Interface
• the second communication line 12 'further connects the master cell monitoring unit 5 for transmitting data to the separation unit 4, wherein a transmission of data via the second communication line 12' to low-voltage potential.
• All safety-relevant data are advantageously communicated redundantly via the second communication line 12 'to the data transmitted via the first communication line 1 1'.
• the second communication line 12 ' leads from the slave cell monitoring units 3 via the master cell monitoring unit 5 directly to the separation unit 4. In this way, advantageously directly from the master cell monitoring unit 5 influence on the control of the switching elements of the separation unit 4 are taken.
• data received by the control unit 2 can be transmitted to the separation unit 4 via a further communication line 13, which connects the control unit 2 for the transmission of data to the separation unit 4. It is further provided that in the exemplary embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2, the control unit 2 can forward data received and / or evaluated via a communication bus 14 to a further control unit 10.
• the control unit 2 is a vehicle control unit which is integrated in the battery management system 1.
• the control unit 2 is a vehicle control unit (VCU).
• the control unit 2 is advantageously designed to perform all non-safety-related functions of the battery management system 1, for example the determination of the state of charge (SOC) and / or the determination of the state of health (SOH).
• the separation unit 4 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 is designed to perform all safety-related functions of the battery management system 1. For this purpose, operating parameters acquired by the cell monitoring units 3, 5, in particular battery cell voltages and / or battery cell temperatures, are transmitted to the control unit 2 and to the separation unit 4.
• the master cell monitoring unit 5 advantageously comprises a daisy-chain host computer.
• the slave cell monitoring units 3 communicate with the master cell monitoring unit 5 according to the daisy-chain principle with a proprietary protocol, in particular using an SPI.
• the master cell monitoring unit 5 is connected to the control unit 2 for the transmission of data via a CAN bus 11 'in the exemplary embodiment shown in Fig. 3.
• the implementation of the proprietary daisy chain protocol is carried out on the master cell monitoring unit 5
• the master cell monitoring unit 5 is connected via the second communication line 12 'directly to the separation unit 4 for the transmission of data
• the second communication line 12' is preferably designed as an alarm line 12, 12 'between high-voltage potential (second communication line 12) and low-voltage potential (second communication line 12') takes place on the master cell monitoring unit 5.
• the communication line 12 ' can thus be connected directly to the low-voltage region of the separation unit 4.
• Data transmitted to the control unit 2 by the master cell monitoring unit 5 can advantageously be forwarded from the control unit 2 to the separation unit 4, so that a redundant transmission of data from the master cell monitoring unit 5 to the separation unit 4 is made possible.
• the transmission of data via the communication bus 15 preferably takes place according to the CAN protocol, it is provided that the transmission of data from the slave cell monitoring units 3 via the master cell monitoring unit 5 to the separation unit 4 after the daisy-chain Principle takes place.

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• 2014
  • 2014-01-08 DE DE102014200111.0A patent/DE102014200111A1/de active Pending
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