WO2015101185A1 - 电控液压式或气压式动能回收再释放装置 - Google Patents

电控液压式或气压式动能回收再释放装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015101185A1
WO2015101185A1 PCT/CN2014/094457 CN2014094457W WO2015101185A1 WO 2015101185 A1 WO2015101185 A1 WO 2015101185A1 CN 2014094457 W CN2014094457 W CN 2014094457W WO 2015101185 A1 WO2015101185 A1 WO 2015101185A1
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Prior art keywords
hydraulic
motor
kinetic energy
hydraulic pump
pneumatic
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PCT/CN2014/094457
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English (en)
French (fr)
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鞠锋
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鞠锋
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Publication of WO2015101185A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015101185A1/zh

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T1/00Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles
    • B60T1/02Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels
    • B60T1/10Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels by utilising wheel movement for accumulating energy, e.g. driving air compressors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of energy recovery and utilization, and more particularly to an electronically controlled hydraulic or pneumatic kinetic energy recovery and re-release device.
  • the present invention provides an electronically controlled hydraulic or pneumatic kinetic energy recovery and re-release device for recycling mechanical inertial kinetic energy to effectively save energy.
  • the electronically controlled hydraulic or pneumatic kinetic energy recovery and re-release device of the present invention comprises a hydraulic accumulator, a pressure limiting valve, a radiator, a reversing valve, a hydraulic pump/motor, a clutch shifting mechanism, a gearbox or a transaxle, a hydraulic oil tank, an electric control unit, a sensor, one end of the clutch shifting mechanism is connected to the gearbox or the drive axle, and the other end is connected with a power shaft of the hydraulic pump/motor, the hydraulic accumulator, the pressure limiting valve, the radiator,
  • the reversing valve, the hydraulic oil tank and the hydraulic pump/motor are connected by a pipeline
  • the electric control unit comprises a main body part and a display part, the main part part and the display part are connected by a line, and the working state of the system is displayed through the display part and performed System control
  • the main part of the electronic control unit is connected to the sensor, the controller part on the hydraulic pump/motor, the controller part on the clutch shifting mechanism, and the controller part on
  • the electronically controlled hydraulic or pneumatic kinetic energy recovery and re-release device of the present invention may be replaced by a negative pressure accumulator or a low-pressure accumulator or a diaphragm-type fuel tank,
  • the hydraulic accumulator can be replaced with a negative pressure accumulator.
  • the electronically controlled hydraulic or pneumatic kinetic energy recovery and re-release device of the present invention can be replaced by a control valve, and the hydraulic oil tank is directly connected to the hydraulic pump/motor.
  • the recovery and release are realized by the electronic control unit controlling the hydraulic pump/motor, and the position of the control valve can be arbitrarily selected.
  • the electronically controlled hydraulic or pneumatic kinetic energy recovery and re-release device of the present invention can be equipped with a filter with a check valve at any position in the pipeline.
  • the electronically controlled hydraulic or pneumatic kinetic energy recovery and re-release device of the present invention can pressurize the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil tank when the kinetic energy is recovered, thereby improving the hydraulic pump/motor. Volumetric efficiency.
  • the electronically controlled hydraulic or pneumatic kinetic energy recovery and re-release device of the present invention can be replaced with a pneumatic accumulator, and the hydraulic pump/motor can be replaced with an air compression pump. And a pneumatic motor.
  • the electronically controlled hydraulic or pneumatic kinetic energy recovery and re-release device of the present invention further comprises a hydraulic pump/motor, a clutch shifting mechanism a transmission power shaft, one end of the clutch shifting mechanism is connected to the transmission power shaft, and the other end is connected to a power shaft of the hydraulic pump/motor, and the hydraulic pump/motor and the reversing valve are connected by a pipeline, the hydraulic pressure
  • the controller portion of the pump/motor and the controller portion of the clutch shifting mechanism are connected to the main body portion of the electronic control unit via a line.
  • the electronically controlled hydraulic or pneumatic kinetic energy recovery and re-release device of the present invention when a pneumatic accumulator is used, the transmission power shaft can be the same as the transmission or the drive axle, and the hydraulic pump /The motor is a pneumatic motor, the hydraulic pump/motor is an air compression pump, the recovery air compressor is working, the release air is released, the air motor works, and the hydraulic oil tank is air filter, which is directly connected to the air compression pump.
  • the electronically controlled hydraulic or pneumatic kinetic energy recovery and re-release device of the present invention when the system brakes the motor, the gearbox or the drive axle can be a motor shaft or a reducer gear Axis.
  • the invention adopts the method of hydraulic energy storage or pneumatic energy storage to convert the kinetic energy of the moving object into the potential energy of the moving object, thereby realizing the deceleration or stationary of the moving object, and when the object is re-moved or accelerated, the stored object is stored.
  • the molecular potential energy is transformed into the kinetic energy of the moving body, so as to achieve reuse, reduce energy loss, and improve energy utilization. It can be widely used in the fields of vehicles, elevators, subways, hoists, light rails, ships and other mechanical equipment.
  • the invention adopts a composite braking mode combining an electronically controlled hydraulic or pneumatic kinetic energy recovery and re-release device and a original mechanical braking system, and an electronically controlled hydraulic or pneumatic kinetic energy recovery and re-release device cooperates with the original mechanical mechanism.
  • Brake system which makes the brake, deceleration and acceleration of the machine more rapid and sensitive, thus improving the transportation capacity and production efficiency of the machine.
  • the invention adopts the composite braking mode, and the energy is converted into another form, which can effectively avoid the failure of the mechanical brake due to excessive heat generation, thereby avoiding the phenomenon that the tire of the wheel tire is blown due to overheating, thereby
  • the brake system is safer and more reliable, which greatly improves the safety of the machine.
  • the composite brake shortens the braking distance, and is more obvious with the use of ABS, etc., and improves the safety performance in the emergency braking, since the tire rarely slips with the ground, which greatly increases the service life of the tire, thereby Save costs and improve transportation efficiency.
  • the system can also act as a hydraulic retarder to continue to participate in the vehicle braking, which can save the driver the cost of installing the water brake and multiple water additions.
  • the red light engine can be turned off. After restarting, the engine can be used to burn the engine with hydraulic energy. This not only saves energy and reduces emissions, but also prolongs the service life of the engine and reduces maintenance and maintenance costs.
  • the shift frequency of the driver in the driving can be reduced, so that the driver can reduce the fatigue and maintain the energy.
  • the gravitational potential energy of the vehicle downhill can be collected to provide kinetic energy for other sections.
  • Embodiment 1 is a schematic block diagram showing the principle of Embodiment 1 of an electronically controlled hydraulic or pneumatic kinetic energy recovery and re-release device according to the present invention
  • Embodiment 2 is a schematic block diagram showing the principle of Embodiment 2 of an electronically controlled hydraulic or pneumatic kinetic energy recovery and re-release device according to the present invention.
  • Embodiment 1 Referring to FIG. 1, the electronically controlled hydraulic or pneumatic kinetic energy recovery and re-release device of the present invention includes a liquid Pressure accumulator 1, pressure limiting valve 2, radiator 3, reversing valve 4, hydraulic pump/motor 5, clutch shifting mechanism 6, gearbox or transaxle 7, hydraulic tank 8, electronic control unit, sensor 11,
  • the clutch shifting mechanism 6-end is connected to the transmission or the drive axle 7, and the other end is connected to the power shaft of the hydraulic pump/motor 5, the hydraulic accumulator 1, the pressure limiting valve 2, the radiator 3, the reversing valve 4.
  • the hydraulic oil tank 8 and the hydraulic pump/motor 5 are connected by a pipe.
  • the electronic control unit includes a main body portion 9 and a display portion 10, and the main body portion 9 and the display portion 10 are connected by a line, and the system is displayed through the display portion 10.
  • the vehicle When the device is mounted on the vehicle, the vehicle needs to be decelerated or stationary during running, and after the electric control unit receives the braking signal, the clutch clutch 6 is closed to make the hydraulic pump/motor 5 and the gearbox or the transaxle 7 connection, the vehicle kinetic energy drives the hydraulic pump/motor 5 to rotate, and the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil tank 8 finally arrives through the reversing valve 4, the hydraulic pump/motor 5, the reversing valve 4, the radiator 3, and the pressure limiting valve 2
  • the hydraulic accumulator 1 realizes the conversion of kinetic energy into hydraulic energy for braking purposes.
  • the electronic control unit receives the acceleration signal, the electronic control unit controls the steering valve 4 to reverse the hydraulic circuit.
  • the hydraulic pump/motor 5 acts as a hydraulic motor.
  • the high pressure hydraulic oil in the hydraulic accumulator 1 passes through the pressure limiting valve 2, the radiator 3, the reversing valve 4, the hydraulic pump/motor 5, the reversing valve 4, and the back.
  • the hydraulic oil tank 8 thereby driving the hydraulic pump/motor 5 to rotate, the rotation of the hydraulic pump/motor 5 drives the gearbox or the transaxle 7 through the clutch shifting mechanism 6, thereby realizing the conversion of hydraulic energy into kinetic energy, and then electronically controlling
  • the unit will control the clutch shifting mechanism 6 to separate the hydraulic pump/motor 5 from the transmission or the drive axle 7, and simultaneously control the reversing valve 4 to return to the system. Prepare for the next recycling, this is a work cycle that completes a recycling and release.
  • the electronically controlled hydraulic or pneumatic kinetic energy recovery and re-release device of the present invention can be replaced by a negative pressure accumulator or a low-pressure accumulator or a diaphragm-type fuel tank.
  • the hydraulic accumulator 1 can be replaced with a negative pressure accumulator.
  • the electronically controlled hydraulic or pneumatic kinetic energy recovery and re-release device of the present invention can be replaced with a control valve, and the hydraulic oil tank 8 is directly connected with the hydraulic pump/motor 5 The connection, recovery and release are realized by the electric control unit controlling the hydraulic pump/motor 5, and the position of the control valve can be arbitrarily selected.
  • the electronically controlled hydraulic or pneumatic kinetic energy recovery and re-release device of the present invention can be equipped with a filter with a check valve at any position in the pipeline.
  • the electronically controlled hydraulic or pneumatic kinetic energy recovery and re-release device of the present invention can pressurize the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil tank 8 when the kinetic energy is recovered, thereby improving the hydraulic pump/motor Volumetric efficiency of 5.
  • the electronically controlled hydraulic or pneumatic kinetic energy recovery and re-release device of the present invention can be replaced by a pneumatic accumulator, and the hydraulic pump/motor 5 can be replaced with air. Compression pump and air motor.
  • the electronically controlled hydraulic or pneumatic kinetic energy recovery and re-release device of the present invention when the system brakes the motor, the gearbox or the drive axle 7 can be a motor shaft or a reducer Gear shaft.
  • the clutch shifting mechanism 6 can be only a transmission or a clutch or directly omitted, the hydraulic pump / The motor 5 is directly connected to the gearbox or drive axle 7.
  • the electronically controlled hydraulic or pneumatic kinetic energy recovery and re-release device of the present invention for a four-wheel drive vehicle, the transmission or the drive axle 7 can be a transfer case, and for the front-drive vehicle,
  • the gearbox or transaxle 7 can be a rear wheel follower mechanism, which is to be mounted on the rear wheel, and the gearbox or transaxle 7 can also be a differential, rear wheel driven bridge.
  • the kinetic energy can be recovered and released by accelerating the pedal pedal.
  • Manual control The display part of the electronic control unit can be installed near the instrument panel in the cab. There are recycling and release buttons on the top, and the recovery and release buttons can also be set on the steering wheel. After deceleration, press the recycle button. Recover kinetic energy, accelerate ⁇ press the release button to release kinetic energy.
  • Compound control When the electric control unit in the vehicle receives the brake signal of the brake pedal or receives the signal of the recovery button, the control system performs kinetic energy recovery. Similarly, when the electronic control unit receives the accelerator pedal acceleration signal or releases The signal ⁇ of the button controls the system to automatically release energy.
  • the electronically controlled hydraulic or pneumatic kinetic energy recovery and re-release device of the present invention comprises a hydraulic accumulator 1, a pressure limiting valve 2, a radiator 3, a reversing valve 4, a hydraulic pump/ Motor 5, clutch shifting mechanism 6, gearbox or transaxle 7, hydraulic tank 8, electronic control unit, sensor 11, hydraulic pump/motor 12, clutch shifting mechanism 13, transmission power shaft 14, said clutch shifting mechanism 6 -
  • the end is connected to the gearbox or the transaxle 7, and the other end is connected to the power shaft of the hydraulic pump/motor 5, the hydraulic accumulator 1, the pressure limiting valve 2, the radiator 3, the reversing valve 4, the hydraulic oil tank 8 and
  • the hydraulic pump/motor 5 is connected by a pipe.
  • the electronic control unit includes a main body portion 9 and a display portion 10, and the main portion 9 and the display portion 10 are connected by a line, and the working state of the system is displayed through the display portion 10 and performed.
  • System control, control of the main body portion 9 of the electronic control unit and the sensor 11, the controller portion on the hydraulic pump/motor 5, the controller portion on the clutch shifting mechanism 6, and the reversing valve 4 The main part 9 of the electronic control unit controls and adjusts the displacement of the hydraulic pump/motor 5, and the main part 9 of the electronic control unit is equipped with an acceleration sensor to recover the kinetic energy.
  • the clutch shifting mechanism 13 is connected to the transmission power shaft 14 and the other end is connected to the power shaft of the hydraulic pump/motor 12, and the hydraulic pump/motor 12 and the reversing valve 4 are passed through the tube.
  • the road connection, the controller portion of the hydraulic pump/motor 12 and the controller portion of the clutch shifting mechanism 13 are connected to the main body portion 9 of the electronic control unit via a line.
  • FIG. 1, and FIG. 2 differs from FIG. 1 in that the hydraulic pump/motor 12, the clutch shifting mechanism 13, and the transmission master shaft 13 are required, and the brake is required when the vehicle is traveling at a high speed, and the electric control is performed. After the unit receives the brake signal, it will control the clutch shifting mechanism 13 to pull in.
  • the kinetic energy is converted into hydraulic energy by the hydraulic pump/motor 12, and the hydraulic energy is also converted into kinetic energy by the hydraulic pump/motor 12, and then the hydraulic pump/ The motor 5 and the clutch shifting mechanism 6 do not participate in the work.
  • the clutch shifting mechanism 6 participates in the work, when the electronic control unit receives the transmission neutral signal or the clutch pedal The signal clutch clutch shifting mechanism 13 will withdraw from the work or not participate in the work.
  • the release button is often pressed, and after the electronic control unit receives the signal, the clutch shifting mechanism 6 and the clutch shifting mechanism 13 are closed at the same time.
  • the hydraulic pump/motor 12 has the function of a hydraulic pump, and the hydraulic pump/motor 5 acts as a hydraulic motor. Moving the hydraulic pump / motor 12, so as to drive the hydraulic pump / motor 5 at slow forward, other functions similar to Example 1.
  • the electronically controlled hydraulic or pneumatic kinetic energy recovery and release of the present invention can be replaced by a negative pressure accumulator or a low pressure accumulator or a diaphragm type tank, and the hydraulic accumulator 1 can be replaced with a negative pressure accumulator.
  • the electronically controlled hydraulic or pneumatic kinetic energy recovery and re-release device of the present invention can be replaced with a control valve, and the hydraulic oil tank 8 is directly connected with the hydraulic pump/motor 5 Connected, recovered and released, controlled by the main engine section 9 of the electronic control unit to control the hydraulic pump/motor 5 and the hydraulic pump/motor 12
  • the position of the control valve can be arbitrarily selected.
  • the electronically controlled hydraulic or pneumatic kinetic energy recovery and re-release device of the present invention may be provided with a filter with a check valve at any position in the pipeline.
  • the electronically controlled hydraulic or pneumatic kinetic energy recovery and re-release device of the present invention can pressurize the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil tank 8 when the kinetic energy is recovered, thereby improving the hydraulic pump/motor Volumetric efficiency of 5.
  • the electronically controlled hydraulic or pneumatic kinetic energy recovery and re-release device of the present invention can be replaced by a pneumatic accumulator, and the hydraulic pump/motor 5 can be replaced with air. Compression pump and air motor.
  • the electronically controlled hydraulic or pneumatic kinetic energy recovery and re-release device of the present invention when a pneumatic accumulator is used, the transmission power shaft 14 can be identical to the transmission or the transaxle 7, and
  • the hydraulic pump/motor 12 is a pneumatic motor
  • the hydraulic pump/motor 5 is an air compression pump
  • the recovery ⁇ air compression pump works
  • the release ⁇ the air motor works
  • the hydraulic oil tank (8) is an air filter, which is directly connected to the air compression pump.
  • the clutch shifting mechanism 6 and the clutch shifting mechanism 12 may also be only a speeder or a clutch or Directly omitted, the hydraulic pump/motor 5 is directly connected to the gearbox or drive axle 7, and the hydraulic pump/motor 11 is directly connected to the transmission drive shaft 13.
  • the electronically controlled hydraulic or pneumatic kinetic energy recovery and re-release device of the present invention when the system brakes the motor, the gearbox or the drive axle 7 can be a motor shaft or a reducer Gear shaft.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Drives, Propulsion Controls, And Safety Devices (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

一种电控液压式或气压式动能回收再释放装置,包括液压蓄能器(1)、限压阀(2)、散热器(3)、换向阀(4)、液压泵/马达(5)、离合变速机构(6)、变速箱或驱动桥(7)、液压油箱(8)、电控单元(9)、传感器(11),离合变速机构(6)一端与变速箱或驱动桥(7)相连接,另一端与液压泵/马达(5)的动力轴连接,液压蓄能器(1)、限压阀(2)、散热器(3)、换向阀(4)、液压油箱(8)与液压泵/马达(5)通过管路连接,电控单元(9)与传感器(11)、液压泵/马达(5)上的控制器部分、换向阀(4)上的控制器部分通过导线连接。采用液压蓄能或气压蓄能的方法把运动物体的动能转化成势能后储存起来,当物体重新运动或加速时再把储存的势能转变成运动体的动能,从而再次利用,降低能量损耗,提高能源利用率。

Description

电控液压式或气压式动能回收再释放装置 技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及能量回收利用领域, 尤其涉及一种电控液压式或气压式动能回收再 释放装置。
背景技术
[0002] 现在一些车辆、 电机和一些复杂的运动机械的制动大部分采用机械式摩擦制动 法, 即它们的动能通过物体之间的摩擦转变成热能然后消失, 使动能在制动过 程中被浪费, 并且长吋间的摩擦易转变成的大量热能还会使制动温度升高, 这 又会影响制动的制动效果, 甚至更有可能使其失去制动能力, 从而带来机械故 障和人身安全问题; 还有一些电机制动采用给电机供直流电的方法, 让其减速 或静止, 这样不仅要增加直流设备, 还要浪费一些电能; 再者, 现有大部分摩 擦片中的成分中含有金属元素, 如铜、 铁, 它们被磨损后无法被回收再利用, 并且被磨损后的物质还污染环境, 刹车引起的高温, 易使车辆爆胎, 从而引发 交通事故。
技术问题
[0003] 为弥补上述技术的不足之处, 本发明提供了一种对机械的惯性动能进行回收利 用的电控液压式或气压式动能回收再释放装置, 以有效节约能耗。
[0004] 本发明电控液压式或气压式动能回收再释放装置, 包括液压蓄能器、 限压阀、 散热器、 换向阀、 液压泵 /马达、 离合变速机构、 变速箱或驱动桥、 液压油箱、 电控单元、 传感器, 所述离合变速机构一端与变速箱或驱动桥相连接, 另一端 与液压泵 /马达的动力轴连接, 所述液压蓄能器、 限压阀、 散热器、 换向阀、 液 压油箱与液压泵 /马达通过管路连接, 所述电控单元包括主机部分和显示部分, 所述主机部分和显示部分通过线路连接, 通过显示部分显示该系统的工作状态 以及进行系统控制, 所述电控单元的主机部分与传感器、 液压泵 /马达上的控制 器部分、 离合变速机构上的控制器部分、 换向阀上的控制器部分通过导线连接 , 所述电控单元的主机部分对液压泵 /马达的排量进行控制与适吋调节, 所述电 控单元的主机部分安装有加速度传感器, 以对动能的回收和释放作出反馈调节
[0005] 作为上述技术方案的进一步改进, 本发明电控液压式或气压式动能回收再释放 装置, 所述液压油箱可换成负压蓄能器或低压蓄能器或隔膜式油箱, 所述液压 蓄能器可换成负压蓄能器。
[0006] 作为上述技术方案的进一步改进, 本发明电控液压式或气压式动能回收再释放 装置, 所述换向阀可换为控制阀, 这吋液压油箱直接与液压泵 /马达相连接, 回 收与释放, 由电控单元控制液压泵 /马达来实现, 控制阀位置可任意选择。
[0007] 作为上述技术方案的进一步改进, 本发明电控液压式或气压式动能回收再释放 装置, 所述管路中任意处可加装带单向阀的过滤器。
[0008] 作为上述技术方案的进一步改进, 本发明电控液压式或气压式动能回收再释放 装置, 当回收动能吋, 可给液压油箱中的液压油进行加压, 从而提高液压泵 /马 达的容积效率。
[0009] 作为上述技术方案的进一步改进, 本发明电控液压式或气压式动能回收再释放 装置, 所述液压蓄能器可替换为气压蓄能器, 液压泵 /马达可替换为空气压缩泵 和气动马达。
[0010] 作为上述技术方案的进一步改进, 本发明电控液压式或气压式动能回收再释放 装置, 所述电控液压式或气压式动能回收再释放装置还包括液压泵 /马达、 离合 变速机构、 变速箱动力轴, 所述离合变速机构一端与变速箱动力轴相连接, 另 一端与液压泵 /马达的动力轴连接, 所述液压泵 /马达与换向阀通过管路连接, 所 述液压泵 /马达的控制器部分与离合变速机构的控制器部分通过线路与电控单元 的主机部分连接。
[0011] 作为上述技术方案的进一步改进, 本发明电控液压式或气压式动能回收再释放 装置, 当采用气压蓄能器吋, 变速箱动力轴与变速箱或驱动桥可相同, 并且液 压泵 /马达为气动马达, 液压泵 /马达为空气压缩泵, 回收吋空气压缩泵工作, 释 放吋, 气动马达工作, 液压油箱为空滤, 直接与空气压缩泵相连。
[0012] 作为上述技术方案的进一步改进, 本发明电控液压式或气压式动能回收再释放 装置, 当此系统给电机制动吋, 所述变速箱或驱动桥可为电机轴或减速器齿轮 轴。
[0013] 由于采用了上述技术方案, 本发明具有如下有益效果:
[0014] 1、 本发明采用液压蓄能或气压蓄能的方法把运动物体的动能转化成分子势能 后储存起来, 从而实现运动物体的减速或静止, 当物体重新运动或加速吋再把 储存的分子势能转变成运动体的动能, 从而达到再次利用, 降低能量损耗, 提 高能源利用率的目的, 可广泛应用于车辆、 电梯、 地铁、 卷扬机、 轻轨、 船舶 等机械设备领域。
[0015] 2、 本发明采用电控液压式或气压式动能回收再释放装置与原机械制动系统相 结合的复合制动方式, 通过电控液压式或气压式动能回收再释放装置配合原机 械制动系统, 从而使机械的制动、 减速、 加速更迅速、 灵敏, 从而提高机械的 运输能力和生产效率。
[0016] 3、 本发明由于采用复合制动方式, 能量被转化成另一种形式, 可有效避免因 机械制动器过度发热而失灵的情况, 从而避免车轮轮胎因过热而爆胎的现象发 生, 从而使制动系统更加安全可靠, 大大提高了机械的安全性。
[0017] 4、 由于电控液压式或气压式动能回收再释放装置与一些车辆的转向轮无关, 并且分配到两驱动轮的回收力距相等, 这都不会造成车辆减速吋的跑偏现象的 发生, 回收力距不会过大, 车辆减速吋从而也不会使制动轮在回收能量吋出现 与地面打滑现象特别是雨雪地面, 由此更能提高了车辆在减速吋的安全性能。
[0018] 5、 复合制动使制动距离缩短, 配合 ABS等使用更加明显, 在紧急制动吋提高 了安全性能, 由于轮胎很少与地面打滑, 这就大大增加了轮胎的使用寿命, 从 而节省成本, 提高运输效益。
[0019] 6、 由于回收的能量可以再次释放, 一定程度上增加了车辆或电机的最大输出 功率, 从而增强了车辆的运输能力, 能更好的适应复杂的路况。
[0020] 7、 当蓄能器压力达到最高值吋, 此系统还可充当液压缓速器的作用继续参与 车辆制动, 反可省去司机安装水刹和多次加水的费用。
[0021] 8、 对于城市公交车可以实现红灯发动机熄火功能, 重新起步吋, 用液压能坐 燃发动机, 这样不仅节能减排, 还延长了发动机使用寿命, 降低了维修和保养 成本。 [0022] 9、 对于车辆而言, 可以降低驾驶员在行车中的换挡频率, 从而使驾驶员减少 疲劳度, 保持精力旺盛。
[0023] 10、 减少了原机械摩擦片的使用次数, 节省了材料成本和维修费用。
[0024] 11、 对于纯电动车而言, 无需起步大电流放电, 从而延长电池使用寿命和行驶 里程。
[0025] 12、 在节能省油、 省煤、 省天然气的同吋又可减少了车辆和发电厂对大气的污 染。
[0026] 13、 柔性液压回收动能, 使车辆减速更加平稳、 舒适、 无摩擦噪音的产生。
[0027] 14、 可以把车辆下坡吋的重力势能收集起来, 为其它路段提供动能。
[0028] 15、 用液压能回收动能, 效率高达 97%以上, 高于超级电容。
[0029] 16、 对于有变速器的车辆而言, 延长了离合器的使用寿命, 和维修成本。
[0030] 17、 从而节省了一些非可再生资源的浪费, 如铜、 铁。
[0031] 18、 对地球变暖有一定的减缓作用。
问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
[0032] 图 1为本发明电控液压式或气压式动能回收再释放装置实施例 1的原理方框示意 图;
[0033] 图 2为本发明电控液压式或气压式动能回收再释放装置实施例 2的原理方框示意 图。
[0034] 其中: 1、 液压蓄能器; 2、 限压阀; 3、 散热器; 4、 液压油换向阀; 5、 液压 泵 /马达; 6、 离合变速机构; 7、 变速箱或驱动桥; 8、 液压油箱; 9、 主机部分 ; 10、 显示部分; 11、 传感器; 12、 液压泵 /马达; 13、 离合变速机构; 14、 变 速箱主动轴。
发明的有益效果
有益效果
[0035] 下面结合实施例对本发明电控液压式或气压式动能回收再释放装置作进一步的 说明和阐述。
[0036] 实施例 1 : 参见图 1, 本发明电控液压式或气压式动能回收再释放装置, 包括液 压蓄能器 1、 限压阀 2、 散热器 3、 换向阀 4、 液压泵 /马达 5、 离合变速机构 6、 变 速箱或驱动桥 7、 液压油箱 8、 电控单元、 传感器 11, 所述离合变速机构 6—端与 变速箱或驱动桥 7相连接, 另一端与液压泵 /马达 5的动力轴连接, 所述液压蓄能 器 1、 限压阀 2、 散热器 3、 换向阀 4、 液压油箱 8与液压泵 /马达 5通过管路连接, 所述电控单元包括主机部分 9和显示部分 10, 所述主机部分 9和显示部分 10通过 线路连接, 通过显示部分 10显示该系统的工作状态以及进行系统控制, 所述电 控单元的主机部分 9与传感器 11、 液压泵 /马达 5上的控制器部分、 离合变速机构 6 上的控制器部分、 换向阀 4上的控制器部分通过导线连接, 所述电控单元的主机 部分 9对液压泵 /马达 5的排量进行控制与适吋调节, 所述电控单元的主机部分 9安 装有加速度传感器, 以对动能的回收和释放作出反馈调节。
[0037] 当此装置安装于车辆上吋, 车辆行驶中须要减速或静止吋, 电控单元收到制动 信号后, 控制离合变速机构 6闭合, 使液压泵 /马达 5与变速箱或驱动桥 7连接, 车 辆动能驱动液压泵 /马达 5, 使其转动, 液压油箱 8中的液压油经换向阀 4、 液压泵 /马达 5、 换向阀 4、 散热器 3、 限压阀 2最后到达液压蓄能器 1, 从而实现动能转变 成液压能, 实现制动目的, 再当电控单元收到加速信号吋, 电控单元又会控制 控向阀 4对液压管路进行换向, 这吋液压泵 /马达 5充当液压马达的作用, 液压蓄 能器 1内的高压液压油又会经过限压阀 2、 散热器 3、 换向阀 4、 液压泵 /马达 5、 换 向阀 4、 回到液压油箱 8中, 从而驱动液压泵 /马达 5转动, 液压泵 /马达 5的转动又 会通过离合变速机构 6驱动变速箱或驱动桥 7, 从而实现液压能转变成动能, 再 当电控单元收到液压蓄压器 1内液压能全部释放后, 又会控制离合变速机构 6使 液压泵 /马达 5与变速箱或驱动桥 7动力分离, 同吋控制换向阀 4回位, 使系统为下 次回收做好准备, 这吋, 完成一个回收再释放的一个工作循环。
[0038] 作为上述技术方案的进一步改进, 本发明电控液压式或气压式动能回收再释放 装置, 所述液压油箱 8可换成负压蓄能器或低压蓄能器或隔膜式油箱, 所述液压 蓄能器 1可换成负压蓄能器。
[0039] 作为上述技术方案的进一步改进, 本发明电控液压式或气压式动能回收再释放 装置, 所述换向阀 4可换为控制阀, 这吋液压油箱 8直接与液压泵 /马达 5相连接, 回收与释放, 由电控单元控制液压泵 /马达 5来实现, 控制阀位置可任意选择。 [0040] 作为上述技术方案的进一步改进, 本发明电控液压式或气压式动能回收再释放 装置, 所述管路中任意处可加装带单向阀的过滤器。
[0041] 作为上述技术方案的进一步改进, 本发明电控液压式或气压式动能回收再释放 装置, 当回收动能吋, 可给液压油箱 8中的液压油进行加压, 从而提高液压泵 /马 达 5的容积效率。
[0042] 作为上述技术方案的进一步改进, 本发明电控液压式或气压式动能回收再释放 装置, 所述液压蓄能器 1可替换为气压蓄能器, 液压泵 /马达 5可替换为空气压缩 泵和气动马达。
[0043] 作为上述技术方案的进一步改进, 本发明电控液压式或气压式动能回收再释放 装置, 当此系统给电机制动吋, 所述变速箱或驱动桥 7可为电机轴或减速器齿轮 轴。
[0044] 作为上述技术方案的进一步改进, 本发明电控液压式或气压式动能回收再释放 装置, 对于一些特殊车辆要求, 离合变速机构 6可以只为变速器或离合器或直接 省去, 液压泵 /马达 5直接与变速箱或驱动桥 7连接。
[0045] 作为上述技术方案的进一步改进, 本发明电控液压式或气压式动能回收再释放 装置, 对于四驱车来说, 变速箱或驱动桥 7可为分动箱, 对于前驱动的车辆, 变 速箱或驱动桥 7可为后轮从动机构, 此系统要装在后轮上, 变速箱或驱动桥 7还 可为差速器, 后轮从动桥。
[0046] 操纵步骤:
[0047] 自动控制: 安装于车辆上吋驾驶员只需向平常驾驶一样, 制动吋踏下制动踏板
, 加速吋踏下油门踏板, 即可实现动能的回收与释放。
[0048] 手动控制: 电控单元的显示部分可安装在驾驶室内仪表台附近, 上面设有回收 和释放按钮, 并且方向盘上也可设有回收和释放按钮, 减速吋按下回收按钮, 即可回收动能, 加速吋按下释放按钮, 即可释放动能。
[0049] 复合控制: 行车中电控单元无论收到制动踏板的制动信号, 还是收到回收按钮 的信号, 都会控制系统进行动能回收, 同样当电控单元收到油门踏板加速信号 或释放按钮的信号吋, 又会控制系统自动释放能量。
[0050] 对于电机动能的回收与释放的控制, 只与被制动电机的原控制装置连接即可, 无需外加操作装置。
[0051] 实施例 2: 参见图 2, 本发明电控液压式或气压式动能回收再释放装置, 包括液 压蓄能器 1、 限压阀 2、 散热器 3、 换向阀 4、 液压泵 /马达 5、 离合变速机构 6、 变 速箱或驱动桥 7、 液压油箱 8、 电控单元、 传感器 11、 液压泵 /马达 12、 离合变速 机构 13、 变速箱动力轴 14, 所述离合变速机构 6—端与变速箱或驱动桥 7相连接 , 另一端与液压泵 /马达 5的动力轴连接, 所述液压蓄能器 1、 限压阀 2、 散热器 3 、 换向阀 4、 液压油箱 8与液压泵 /马达 5通过管路连接, 所述电控单元包括主机部 分 9和显示部分 10, 所述主机部分 9和显示部分 10通过线路连接, 通过显示部分 1 0显示该系统的工作状态以及进行系统控制, 所述电控单元的主机部分 9与传感 器 11、 液压泵 /马达 5上的控制器部分、 离合变速机构 6上的控制器部分、 换向阀 4 上的控制器部分通过导线连接, 所述电控单元的主机部分 9对液压泵 /马达 5的排 量进行控制与适吋调节, 所述电控单元的主机部分 9安装有加速度传感器, 以对 动能的回收和释放作出反馈调节, 所述离合变速机构 13—端与变速箱动力轴 14 相连接, 另一端与液压泵 /马达 12的动力轴连接, 所述液压泵 /马达 12与换向阀 4 通过管路连接, 所述液压泵 /马达 12的控制器部分与离合变速机构 13的控制器部 分通过线路与电控单元的主机部分 9连接。
[0052] 参见图 2、 图 1, 图 2与图 1不同之处在于多了液压泵 /马达 12、 离合变速机构 13 和变速箱主动轴 13, 当车辆高速行驶中需要制动吋, 电控单元收到制动信号后 会控制离合变速机构 13吸合, 动能由液压泵 /马达 12转化成液压能, 释放吋, 液 压能也是由液压泵 /马达 12转变成动能, 此吋, 液压泵 /马达 5和离合变速机构 6都 不参加工作, 只有当电控单元收到车速信号低于设定速度吋, 其离合变速机构 6 才参加工作, 当电控单元收到变速箱空档信号或离合器踏板信号吋离合变速机 构 13又会退出工作, 或不参加工作, 当车辆需要慢行吋, 常按下释放按钮, 电 控单元收到此信号后, 离合变速机构 6和离合变速机构 13同吋闭合对控制换向阀 转换, 使液压泵 /马达 12具有液压泵的作用, 液压泵 /马达 5为液压马达作用, 这 吋, 利用发动机怠速驱动液压泵 /马达 12, 从而带动液压泵 /马达 5实现慢速前进 , 其它功能与实施例 1类似。
[0053] 作为上述技术方案的进一步改进, 本发明电控液压式或气压式动能回收再释放 装置, 所述液压油箱 8可换成负压蓄能器或低压蓄能器或隔膜式油箱, 所述液压 蓄能器 1可换成负压蓄能器。
[0054] 作为上述技术方案的进一步改进, 本发明电控液压式或气压式动能回收再释放 装置, 所述换向阀 4可换为控制阀, 这吋液压油箱 8直接与液压泵 /马达 5相连接, 回收与释放, 由电控单元的主机部分 9控制液压泵 /马达 5和液压泵 /马达 12来实现
, 控制阀位置可任意选择。
[0055] 作为上述技术方案的进一步改进, 本发明电控液压式或气压式动能回收再释放 装置, 所述管路中任意处可加装带单向阀的过滤器。
[0056] 作为上述技术方案的进一步改进, 本发明电控液压式或气压式动能回收再释放 装置, 当回收动能吋, 可给液压油箱 8中的液压油进行加压, 从而提高液压泵 /马 达 5的容积效率。
[0057] 作为上述技术方案的进一步改进, 本发明电控液压式或气压式动能回收再释放 装置, 所述液压蓄能器 1可替换为气压蓄能器, 液压泵 /马达 5可替换为空气压缩 泵和气动马达。
[0058] 作为上述技术方案的进一步改进, 本发明电控液压式或气压式动能回收再释放 装置, 当采用气压蓄能器吋, 变速箱动力轴 14与变速箱或驱动桥 7可相同, 并且 液压泵 /马达 12为气动马达, 液压泵 /马达 5为空气压缩泵, 回收吋空气压缩泵工 作, 释放吋, 气动马达工作, 液压油箱 (8) 为空滤, 直接与空气压缩泵相连。
[0059] 作为上述技术方案的进一步改进, 本发明电控液压式或气压式动能回收再释放 装置, 对于一些特殊车辆要求, 离合变速机构 6与离合变速机构 12也可以只为速 度器或离合器或直接省去, 液压泵 /马达 5直接与变速箱或驱动桥 7连接, 液压泵 / 马达 11直接与变速箱主动轴 13连接。
[0060] 作为上述技术方案的进一步改进, 本发明电控液压式或气压式动能回收再释放 装置, 当此系统给电机制动吋, 所述变速箱或驱动桥 7可为电机轴或减速器齿轮 轴。
[0061] 操作步骤与实施例 1相同。

Claims

权利要求书
[权利要求 1] 电控液压式或气压式动能回收再释放装置, 包括液压蓄能器 (1)
、 限压阀 (2) 、 散热器 (3) 、 换向阀 (4) 、 液压泵 /马达 (5) 、 离合变速机构 (6) 、 变速箱或驱动桥 (7) 、 液压油箱 (8) 、 电控单元 (9) 、 传感器 (11) , 其特征在于: 所述离合变速机构 (6) 一端与变速箱或驱动桥 (7) 相连接, 另一端与液压泵 /马达 (5) 的动力轴连接, 所述液压蓄能器 (1) 、 限压阀 (2) 、 散热 器 (3) 、 换向阀 (4) 、 液压油箱 (8) 与液压泵 /马达 (5) 通过 管路连接, 所述电控单元包括主机部分 (9) 和显示部分 (10) , 所述主机部分 (9) 和显示部分 (10) 通过线路连接, 通过显示部 分 (10) 显示该系统的工作状态以及进行系统控制, 所述电控单 元的主机部分 (9) 与传感器 (11) 、 液压泵 /马达 (5) 上的控制 器部分、 离合变速机构 (6) 上的控制器部分、 换向阀 (4) 上的 控制器部分通过导线连接, 所述电控单元的主机部分 (9) 对液压 泵 /马达 (5) 的排量进行控制与适吋调节, 所述电控单元的主机部 分 (9) 安装有加速度传感器。
[权利要求 2] 根据权利要求 1所述的电控液压式或气压式动能回收再释放装置, 其特征在于: 所述电控液压式或气压式动能回收再释放装置还包 括液压泵 /马达 (12) 、 离合变速机构 (13) 、 变速箱动力轴 (14 ) , 所述离合变速机构 (13) —端与变速箱动力轴 (14) 相连接 , 另一端与液压泵 /马达 (12) 的动力轴连接, 所述液压泵 /马达 ( 12) 与换向阀 (4) 通过管路连接, 所述液压泵 /马达 (12) 的控制 器部分与离合变速机构 (13) 的控制器部分通过线路与电控单元 的主机部分 (9) 连接。
[权利要求 3] 根据权利要求 1所述的电控液压式或气压式动能回收再释放装置, 其特征在于: 所述液压油箱 (8) 可换成负压蓄能器或低压蓄能器 或隔膜式油箱, 所述液压蓄能器 (1) 可换成负压蓄能器, 所述换 向阀 (4) 可换为控制阀。
[权利要求 4] 根据权利要求 1所述的电控液压式或气压式动能回收再释放装置, 其特征在于: 所述管路中任意处可加装带单向阀的过滤器。
[权利要求 5] 根据权利要求 1所述的电控液压式或气压式动能回收再释放装置, 其特征在于: 所述液压蓄能器 (1) 可替换为气压蓄能器, 液压泵 / 马达 (5) 可替换为空气压缩泵和气动马达。
[权利要求 6] 根据权利要求 1所述的电控液压式或气压式动能回收再释放装置, 其特征在于: 当此系统给电机制动吋, 所述变速箱或驱动桥 (7) 可为电机轴或减速器齿轮轴。
[权利要求 7] 根据权利要求 1所述的电控液压式或气压式动能回收再释放装置, 其特征在于: 对于一些特殊车辆要求, 离合变速机构 (6) 可以只 为变速器或离合器或直接省去, 液压泵 /马达 (5) 直接与变速箱或 驱动桥 (7) 连接, 对于四驱车来说, 变速箱或驱动桥 (7) 可为 分动箱, 对于前驱动的车辆, 变速箱或驱动桥 (7) 可为后轮从动 机构, 此系统要装在后轮上, 变速箱或驱动桥 (7) 还可为差速器 , 后轮从动桥。
[权利要求 8] 根据权利要求 1、 2所述的电控液压式或气压式动能回收再释放装 置, 其特征在于: 当采用气压蓄能器吋, 变速箱动力轴 (14) 与 变速箱或驱动桥 (7) 可相同, 并且液压泵 /马达 (12) 为气动马达 , 液压泵 /马达 (5) 为空气压缩泵, 液压油箱 (8) 为空滤, 直接 与空气压缩泵相连。
[权利要求 9] 根据权利要求 1、 2所述的电控液压式或气压式动能回收再释放装 置, 其特征在于: 对于一些特殊车辆要求, 离合变速机构 (6) 与 离合变速机构 (12) 也可以只为速度器或离合器或直接省去, 液 压泵 /马达 (5) 直接与变速箱或驱动桥 (7) 连接, 液压泵 /马达 ( 11) 直接与变速箱主动轴 (13) 连接。
PCT/CN2014/094457 2014-01-04 2014-12-22 电控液压式或气压式动能回收再释放装置 WO2015101185A1 (zh)

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