WO2015100708A1 - Équipement de séchage et procédé de séchage - Google Patents

Équipement de séchage et procédé de séchage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015100708A1
WO2015100708A1 PCT/CN2014/001182 CN2014001182W WO2015100708A1 WO 2015100708 A1 WO2015100708 A1 WO 2015100708A1 CN 2014001182 W CN2014001182 W CN 2014001182W WO 2015100708 A1 WO2015100708 A1 WO 2015100708A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
drying
bed section
moving bed
constant
fluidized
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2014/001182
Other languages
English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李胜
史勇春
蒋斌
梁国林
窦刚
贾世阳
万象明
高俊荣
Original Assignee
山东科院天力节能工程有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201410004887.1A external-priority patent/CN104764299B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201410004853.2A external-priority patent/CN104764296B/zh
Priority claimed from AU2014202422A external-priority patent/AU2014202422A1/en
Application filed by 山东科院天力节能工程有限公司 filed Critical 山东科院天力节能工程有限公司
Publication of WO2015100708A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015100708A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/02—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air
    • F26B3/06—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried
    • F26B3/08—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried so as to loosen them, e.g. to form a fluidised bed
    • F26B3/084—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried so as to loosen them, e.g. to form a fluidised bed with heat exchange taking place in the fluidised bed, e.g. combined direct and indirect heat exchange
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K1/00—Preparation of lump or pulverulent fuel in readiness for delivery to combustion apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K2201/00—Pretreatment of solid fuel
    • F23K2201/20—Drying

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a drying device and a drying method, in particular to a fluidized moving bed steam drying device and a drying method.
  • Conventional equipment and methods for drying high humidity materials employ: A) hot flue gas as a heat source to directly heat the material, or B) hot steam as a heat source to indirectly heat the material. Due to the high volatile content of the material or the influence of the inlet air temperature, the material with low ignition point (such as lignite) is easy to ignite and burn, and there is a safety hazard; the latter adopts indirect heating, the heat value of steam is high, and the process is safe and reliable. However, the latter needs to consume high calorific value fuels and has high economic costs.
  • the drying process is divided into two stages, namely, a constant-speed drying stage from the drying of the original moisture content to its critical moisture content and drying from its critical moisture content to the target moisture content of the product.
  • Slow down drying stage When the wet material adopts the technical scheme of CN101581533A in the constant-speed drying stage, the drying efficiency is higher; but in the slow-drying drying stage, since the drying rate mainly depends on the migration rate of moisture inside the material, if the technical scheme of CN101581533A is continued, due to the wet material The state of motion has little effect on the rate of dehydration.
  • the materials to be dried such as lignite are maintained in a "fluidized" state through higher energy consumption, resulting in a problem of high energy consumption per unit of production.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art described above, and to provide a drying apparatus and a drying method, which combines the characteristics of the drying process of most wet materials into a constant-speed drying and a slow-down drying stage, and adopts fluidized movement.
  • the bed dryer is divided into a constant-speed dry fluidized bed section and a reduced-speed dry moving bed section.
  • the constant-speed dry fluidized bed section wets the wet material to a critical moisture content in a fluidized form, and then slows down the moving bed section. Deeply dewatering wet materials to low moisture products in a more energy efficient manner.
  • the drying apparatus of the present invention is designed such that:
  • a drying apparatus comprising: a sequentially connected feeder, a fluidized moving bed dryer, a discharger, the fluidized moving bed dryer comprising a constant speed dry fluidized bed section and a reduced speed drying moving bed section,
  • the feeder is connected to the constant-speed dry fluidized bed section, the slow-moving dry moving bed section is connected to the unloader; the constant-speed dry fluidized bed section and the deceleration drying movement
  • At least one set of heat exchangers for heating the materials are respectively disposed in the bed section; a flow rate and pressure for adjusting the flow rate and pressure of the fluidizing gas are arranged between the constant-speed dry fluidized bed section and the deceleration drying moving bed section.
  • a gas distributor through which the fluidizing gas enters the constant velocity dry fluidized bed section.
  • the drying device is provided with at least a primary dust collector, the dust collector is connected to an upper portion of the drying device, and the waste heat steam generated by the constant-speed dry fluidized bed section and the reduced-speed dry moving bed section is After the dust collector is dedusted, a part of the waste heat steam is returned to the gas distributor through a circulating pressurizing device, and a part of the waste heat is taken out of the system.
  • the dust remover is one or more of a series combination of a cyclone, a baghouse, an electrostatic precipitator, and a wet scrubber.
  • a material looser for loosening the material in the bed is provided between the deceleration drying moving bed section and the unloader, and the material looser makes saturated or superheated steam or nitrogen or other inert gas.
  • the low-speed drying moving bed section is entered by means of pulsed air inflow, and the material layer in the moving bed section is moved from bottom to top through the dryer to play the role of loosening the material in the moving bed section of the dryer.
  • the heat exchanger provides a heat source from saturated or superheated steam, and the heat exchanger is connected to the boiler feed water system or its equipment. After the heat exchange, the condensed water generated in the heat exchanger flows to the boiler feed water system. Or use it according to the process requirements.
  • the feeder is disposed at an upper portion of the drying device, the reduced-speed drying moving bed segment is disposed under the constant-speed dry fluidized bed section, and the unloader is disposed at a bottom of the drying device
  • the material to be dried is moved from top to bottom by gravity.
  • the moisture content of the wet material after drying in the constant-speed dry fluidized bed section has a certain upper or lower offset of its critical water content or its critical water content, and the offset range is 20% of its critical moisture content.
  • the lower portion of the reduced-speed drying moving bed section is provided with a pipeline through saturated or superheated steam or nitrogen or wet material moisture or inert gas for system shutdown, emergency treatment or fluidization adjustment. Move the internal temperature of the bed dryer.
  • the drying method of the present invention comprises the following steps:
  • Step A the wet material to be dried enters the fluidized moving bed dryer through the feeder;
  • Step B feeding the steam heat source into the heat exchanger in the constant-speed dry fluidized bed section of the fluidized moving bed dryer, and the heat exchanger in the slow-moving moving bed section;
  • step C the fluidized gas is sent into the fluidized moving bed dryer, and the wet material particles are in a fluidized state and indirect heat exchange with the steam in the heat exchanger in the constant-speed drying fluidized bed section, and the wet material is controlled.
  • Step D the wet material particles entering the reduced-speed drying moving bed section continue to exchange heat with the steam in the heat exchanger, and are dried to the product satisfying the required moisture;
  • step E the product is discharged from the drying device by the unloader.
  • the steam fed to the heat exchanger in the constant-speed dry fluidized bed section in the step B is 0.01-10 MPa (G) of saturated or superheated steam, and is sent to the reduced-speed dry moving bed section.
  • the steam of the heat exchanger is 0.01-10 MPa (G) of saturated or superheated steam.
  • the pulsed gas in the step D first passes through the material looser, so that saturated or superheated steam or nitrogen or other inert gas enters the slow-moving and moving moving bed section by pulsed air inlet. Loose material helps the material fall.
  • step C the frequency of the frequency converter of the circulating pressurizing device is adjusted or the valve on the air outlet of the circulating pressurizing device is adjusted to control the amount of circulating fluidizing gas entering the constant-speed dry fluidized bed section. Ensure that the material in the constant-speed dry fluidized bed section is stable Fluidization.
  • the whole superheated steam drying process is an oxygen-free environment, safe and reliable, continuous operation, and can be seamlessly connected with the supporting process of the original power plant.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
  • the drying apparatus 1 of the present invention comprises: a sequentially connected feeder 10, a fluidized moving bed dryer 12, and a discharger 14.
  • the feeder 10 is disposed at an upper portion of the drying apparatus 1, and the unloader 14 is disposed at the bottom of the drying apparatus 1 to facilitate movement of the material to be dried from top to bottom by gravity.
  • the fluidized moving bed dryer 12 includes a constant speed dry fluidized bed section 120 and a reduced speed dry moving bed section 122, and the reduced speed dry moving bed section 122 is disposed below the constant speed dry fluidized bed section 120.
  • the feeder 10 is connected to the constant-speed dry fluidized bed section 120, and the slow-drying moving moving bed section 122 is connected to the unloader 14.
  • At least one set of heat exchangers 124 for heating the materials is disposed in the constant-speed dry fluidized bed section 120 and the reduced-speed dry moving bed section 122, respectively.
  • the heat exchanger 124 is provided with a heat source by steam, and the branch connecting the heat source inlet of each set of heat exchangers can determine whether there is a device for adjusting parameters such as steam flow, pressure or temperature according to design requirements, and the heat exchanger 124 and The boiler feed water system of the drying equipment 1 is connected to it or connected by equipment. After heat exchange, the condensed water generated in the heat exchanger 124 flows to the boiler feed water system or according to the process requirements, and the branches or branches of the condensed water generated by each group of the heat exchangers 124 are discharged.
  • the main pipe can be arbitrarily set according to the design requirements, such as a trap group.
  • the drying device further includes a dust remover 11, a circulating pressurizing device 13, and an air guiding device 15.
  • a dust remover 11 can be one level or multiple stages.
  • the upper portion of the fluidized moving bed dryer 12 is connected to a dust remover 11 (preferably a first stage dust remover), and the dust remover 11 (preferably a final stage dust remover) is also connected to the circulating pressurizing device 13 and the air introducing device 15, respectively.
  • the waste heat steam generated by the constant-speed dry fluidized bed section 120 and the reduced-speed dry moving bed section 122 is dusted by the dust remover 11, and a part is returned to the gas distributor 1200 through the circulating pressurizing device 13, and a part of the waste heat is returned to the gas distributor 1200.
  • the wind unit 15 leads to the system.
  • the dust remover 11 may be one or a combination of one or more of a cyclone, a baghouse, an electrostatic precipitator, and a wet scrubber.
  • a material loosening device 1220 for loosening the material in the bed is provided between the deceleration drying moving bed section 122 and the unloader 14, and the material loosening device 1220 makes saturated or superheated steam or nitrogen or other
  • the inert gas enters the deceleration drying moving bed section 122 in a pulsed air inlet manner, and passes through the material layer in the deceleration drying moving bed section 122 from bottom to top to loosen the deceleration drying moving bed.
  • the role of the material in segment 122 is the role of the material in segment 122.
  • a lower portion of the reduced-speed drying moving bed section is provided with a pipeline 1221 that is saturated or superheated with steam or nitrogen or wet material moisture or inert gas for system shutdown, emergency processing or adjustment of fluidized movement.
  • Bed dryer internal temperature is saturated or superheated with steam or nitrogen or wet material moisture or inert gas for system shutdown, emergency processing or adjustment of fluidized movement.
  • the drying method of the present invention is:
  • the drying method of the present invention divides the fluidized moving bed dryer 12 into different bed sections by controlling the residence time of the wet material in different bed sections (the wet material is dried in a constant speed dry fluidized bed section 120 close to critical)
  • the amount of water if it happens to be its critical water content or up and down within 20% of its critical moisture content, then enters the deceleration drying moving bed section 122 to continue drying), and the product that is finally dried to acceptable moisture is discharged through the unloader 14 Equipment 1, the moisture of the wet material removed in the process is in the form of waste heat steam, which is discharged from the upper part of the drying equipment 1 in the state of superheated steam, and is divided into two paths after dust removal, one way is taken out by the air guiding device 15, and the other is cyclically pressurized.
  • the device 13 returns to the gas distributor 1200 of the constant velocity dry fluidized bed section 120.
  • the waste heat steam will mainly enter the wet material flow state in the constant-speed dry fluidized bed section 120 as a fluidizing gas.
  • the wet material is indirectly exchanged with the steam in the heat exchanger 124 of the constant-speed drying fluidized bed section 120, and the wet time is controlled by controlling the residence time of the wet material in the fluidized bed section of the dryer. It is dried close to the critical moisture content, such as just within its critical water content or up and down within 20% of its critical moisture content, and then enters the reduced speed drying moving bed section 122 to continue drying.
  • the control enters the constant-speed dry fluidized bed.
  • the amount of waste heat steam in section 120 is such that the amount of waste heat steam is always maintained within the fluidized bed operating range, thereby ensuring that the material in the constant-speed dry fluidized bed section 120 maintains a stable fluidization; entering the reduced-speed drying moving bed section 122
  • the wet material therein continues to indirectly exchange heat with the steam in the bed-integrated heat exchanger 124, and is finally discharged to the bottom of the drying apparatus 1 by the unloader 14 after being dried to the qualified moisture required by the product.
  • saturated or superheated steam or nitrogen or wet material moisture or inert gas is introduced into the pipeline 1221 provided in the lower part of the slow-moving moving moving bed section for system shutdown, emergency treatment or adjustment.
  • Fluidized moving bed dryer internal temperature is introduced into the pipeline 1221 provided in the lower part of the slow-moving moving moving bed section for system shutdown, emergency treatment or adjustment.
  • the material loosening device is used to loosen the material in the bed of the reduced-speed drying moving bed segment 122, which will be saturated or overheated.
  • the steam or nitrogen or other inert gas passes through the material loosener 1220, it enters the slow-drying moving moving bed section 122 by pulsed air, and passes through the material of the slow-moving moving moving bed section 122 from bottom to top, pulse gas.
  • it mainly serves to loosen and slow down the material in the moving bed section 122 and take away the moisture.
  • the lignite raw coal containing 30%-60% of water is crushed and sieved to form lignite particles having a particle diameter of less than 6 mm, and the lignite particles are fed into the feeder 10 and then sent to the fluidized moving bed dryer 12 through the feeder 10.
  • a 0.01-10 MPa (G) saturated or superheated steam heat source is fed into the heat exchanger 124 in the constant-speed dry fluidized bed section 120, and a 0.01-10 MPa (G) saturated or superheated steam heat source is sent to the reduced speed drying.
  • the heat exchanger 124 of the moving bed section 122, the branch connecting the steam inlet of each set of heat exchangers 124 can be determined according to design requirements whether there is a device for adjusting parameters such as steam flow, pressure or temperature, and the heat exchanger 124 and the drying device 1 External boiler feed water system or it is connected by equipment. After heat exchange, the condensed water generated in the heat exchanger 124 flows to the boiler feed water system or According to the process requirements, the branches of the condensed water generated by each group of heat exchangers 124 or the manifolds of the branches can be arbitrarily set according to design requirements, such as a trap group.
  • Waste heat steam from the circulating pressurizing device 13 in a superheated steam state is passed into a gas distributor 1200 between the constant-speed dry fluidized bed section 120 and the decelerating dry moving bed section 122, the waste heat steam being provided
  • the constant velocity dry fluidized bed section 120 which primarily enters the fluidized moving bed dryer 12 as a fluidizing medium, maintains fluidization of the wet material entering the constant velocity dry fluidized bed section.
  • the wet lignite particles in the constant-speed dry fluidized bed section 120 are indirectly exchanged with the steam in the heat exchanger 124 in a fluidized state by controlling the wet lignite particles in the constant-speed dry fluidized bed section 120.
  • the wet material is dried close to the critical water content.
  • the wet lignite particles can be just placed in the constant-speed dry fluidized bed section 120.
  • saturated or superheated steam or nitrogen or wet material moisture or inert gas is introduced into the pipeline 1221 provided in the lower portion of the slow-moving moving moving bed section 122 for system shutdown, emergency treatment or
  • the internal temperature of the fluidized moving bed dryer 12 is adjusted, such as when the wet lignite particles are fed into the fluidized moving bed dryer 12 through the feeder 10 at the initial start of the system, to the fluidized moving bed dryer 12 via line 1221.
  • the internal air in the fluidized moving bed dryer 12 is displaced into the system by passing saturated or superheated steam or nitrogen or an inert gas to obtain an oxygen-free drying environment to prevent the lignite particles fed into the fluidized moving bed dryer 12.
  • the material-dissolving moving bed section 122 is provided with a material loosening device 1220, saturated or superheated steam or nitrogen or other inert gas.
  • the steam formed by the fluidized gas, the loose gas, and the moisture removed by the lignite particles together form waste heat steam, which is discharged from the upper portion of the drying device 1 in a superheated steam state, and is removed by the dust remover 11 and then passed through the circulating pressurizing device 13
  • the other path is led out of the system via the air guiding means 15.
  • the steam in the heat exchanger 124 built in the drying device 1 is condensed water generated by indirect heat exchange to the boiler feed water system or used according to the process requirements.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un équipement de séchage et sur un procédé pour sécher des matières l'utilisant. L'équipement de séchage comprend un dispositif d'alimentation (10), un séchoir à lit mobile fluidisé (12) et un dispositif de déchargement (14) reliés en séquence; le séchoir à lit mobile fluidisé (12) comprend un segment de lit fluidisé effectuant un séchage à vitesse constante (120) et un segment de lit mobile effectuant un séchage à vitesse réduite (122); le dispositif d'alimentation est relié au segment de lit fluidisé effectuant un séchage à vitesse constante (120), et le dispositif de déchargement (14) est relié au segment de lit mobile effectuant un séchage à vitesse réduite (122); au moins un ensemble d'échangeurs de chaleur (124) pour chauffer les matières est disposé à l'intérieur du segment de lit fluidisé effectuant un séchage à vitesse constante (120) et du segment de lit mobile effectuant un séchage à vitesse réduite (122), respectivement; un distributeur de gaz (1200) pour régler la vitesse d'écoulement et la pression d'un gaz fluidisé étant disposé entre le segment de lit fluidisé effectuant un séchage à vitesse constante (120) et le segment de lit mobile effectuant un séchage à vitesse réduite (122), le gaz fluidisé traversant le distributeur de gaz (1200) dans le segment de lit fluidisé effectuant un séchage à vitesse constante (120).
PCT/CN2014/001182 2014-01-06 2014-12-26 Équipement de séchage et procédé de séchage WO2015100708A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201410004887.1A CN104764299B (zh) 2014-01-06 2014-01-06 带外部加压的热动力流态化蒸发分离装置及工艺
CN201410004853.2A CN104764296B (zh) 2014-01-06 2014-01-06 一种干燥设备及干燥方法
CN201410004853.2 2014-01-06
CN201410004887.1 2014-01-06
AU2014202422 2014-05-02
AU2014202422A AU2014202422A1 (en) 2014-01-06 2014-05-02 System for drying particulate materials

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2015100708A1 true WO2015100708A1 (fr) 2015-07-09

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PCT/CN2014/001182 WO2015100708A1 (fr) 2014-01-06 2014-12-26 Équipement de séchage et procédé de séchage

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111977937A (zh) * 2020-08-18 2020-11-24 南昌航空大学 一种耦合内外传热传质的污泥多段低温干燥装置及方法
CN114791215A (zh) * 2021-11-24 2022-07-26 甘肃农业大学 一种农产品烘干装置

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101017051A (zh) * 2007-02-15 2007-08-15 大连理工大学 多级组合式流化－移动床干燥器及其干燥方法
EP2077148A2 (fr) * 2007-12-19 2009-07-08 Glatt Ingenieurtechnik GmbH Procédé et dispositif destinés au traitement en plusieurs étapes de matières solides dispersées
CN101581533A (zh) * 2009-06-04 2009-11-18 山东天力干燥设备有限公司 过热蒸汽褐煤预干燥装置及其工艺
CN102419079A (zh) * 2011-11-11 2012-04-18 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 固体颗粒物料复合分级干燥装置及方法
CN102967121A (zh) * 2012-11-30 2013-03-13 山东科院天力节能工程有限公司 废热蒸汽热量可回收利用的过热蒸汽褐煤干燥系统及工艺
CN202915653U (zh) * 2012-11-30 2013-05-01 山东科院天力节能工程有限公司 废热蒸汽热量可回收利用的过热蒸汽褐煤干燥系统
CN203771904U (zh) * 2014-01-06 2014-08-13 山东科院天力节能工程有限公司 一种干燥设备

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101017051A (zh) * 2007-02-15 2007-08-15 大连理工大学 多级组合式流化－移动床干燥器及其干燥方法
EP2077148A2 (fr) * 2007-12-19 2009-07-08 Glatt Ingenieurtechnik GmbH Procédé et dispositif destinés au traitement en plusieurs étapes de matières solides dispersées
CN101581533A (zh) * 2009-06-04 2009-11-18 山东天力干燥设备有限公司 过热蒸汽褐煤预干燥装置及其工艺
CN102419079A (zh) * 2011-11-11 2012-04-18 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 固体颗粒物料复合分级干燥装置及方法
CN102967121A (zh) * 2012-11-30 2013-03-13 山东科院天力节能工程有限公司 废热蒸汽热量可回收利用的过热蒸汽褐煤干燥系统及工艺
CN202915653U (zh) * 2012-11-30 2013-05-01 山东科院天力节能工程有限公司 废热蒸汽热量可回收利用的过热蒸汽褐煤干燥系统
CN203771904U (zh) * 2014-01-06 2014-08-13 山东科院天力节能工程有限公司 一种干燥设备

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111977937A (zh) * 2020-08-18 2020-11-24 南昌航空大学 一种耦合内外传热传质的污泥多段低温干燥装置及方法
CN114791215A (zh) * 2021-11-24 2022-07-26 甘肃农业大学 一种农产品烘干装置
CN114791215B (zh) * 2021-11-24 2023-12-01 甘肃农业大学 一种农产品烘干装置

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